Materiały źródłowe

• #1 Vaccine for Mpox Prevention in the United States | Mpox | CDC

  https://www.cdc.gov/mpox/hcp/vaccine-considerations/index.html

  Mpox vaccines are expected to be protective against Monkeypox virus, regardless of clade. […] People at risk of mpox should ideally be vaccinated prior to exposure to Monkeypox virus (MPXV). […] People may be vaccinated after exposure to MPXV to help prevent mpox (i.e., post-exposure prophylaxis). […] Two vaccines may be used for the prevention of mpox: JYNNEOS vaccine is approved and recommended by CDC and ACIP for the prevention of mpox and smallpox. […] Both the standard (0.5mL subcut) and the alternative (0.1mL ID) regimen have been found to be effective for mpox prevention. […] For people with sexual risk factors for mpox who have not been diagnosed with mpox during the ongoing outbreak or have not already received 2 doses of the JYNNEOS vaccine, CDC routinely recommends vaccination.

• #1 Key Facts About Vaccines to Prevent Mpox Disease | FDA

  https://www.fda.gov/vaccines-blood-biologics/vaccines/key-facts-about-vaccines-prevent-mpox-disease

  There are two FDA-approved vaccines for the prevention of smallpox and mpox disease: JYNNEOS and ACAM2000. These two vaccines are the only FDA-approved vaccines for the prevention of mpox disease. […] JYNNEOS is approved for use in individuals 18 years of age and older who are determined to be at high risk for smallpox or mpox infection. […] ACAM2000 is approved for the prevention of smallpox and mpox disease in individuals determined to be at high risk for smallpox or mpox infection.

• #1

  https://www.fda.gov/emergency-preparedness-and-response/mcm-issues/mpox

  At this time, public health authorities have not recommended the general public needs to be vaccinated against mpox. Public health authorities have only recommended select individuals receive vaccination. […] There are two FDA-approved vaccines for the prevention of smallpox and mpox disease: JYNNEOS and ACAM2000. […] JYNNEOS is approved for individuals 18 years of age and older determined to be at high risk for smallpox or mpox infection. […] ACAM2000 is approved for the prevention of smallpox and mpox disease in individuals determined to be at high risk for smallpox or mpox infection. […] The vaccines are part of the Strategic National Stockpile, overseen by the Department of Health and Human Services Assistant Secretary for Preparedness and Response, which helps ensure that the vaccine is accessible in the U.S. if needed.

• #1 Chicago Department of Public Health

  https://www.chicago.gov/city/en/depts/cdph/provdrs/infectious_disease/supp_info/mpox-home/mpox-prevention-guidance.html

  If you or your partners are sick: […] Do not have sex or close physical contact, especially if you or they have a rash or sore, until you have talked to a healthcare provider. […] If you choose to have sex while sick, avoid kissing and other face-to-face contact. […] Cover all sores with clothing or bandages to help reduce risk of spread. […] Evaluate the level of risk when making plans or deciding whether to attend certain events: […] Having sex or other intimate contact with multiple or anonymous people, such as those met through dating apps or on social media, increases your risk of exposure. […] Clubs, raves, saunas, sex parties, and other events may also increase your risk of exposure, especially if people are wearing less clothing. […] Yes. The JYNNEOS vaccine can help protect people against mpox when given before or soon after exposure to the virus.

• #1 Mpox – Prevention | BMJ Best Practice

  https://bestpractice.bmj.com/topics/en-us/1611/prevention

  Vaccination with standard first- or second-generation vaccinia virus vaccines was demonstrated through several observational studies to be about 85% effective in preventing mpox. […] Vaccination up to 14 days post-exposure is thought to be beneficial. […] Real-world data from the 2022 global clade II mpox outbreak indicates that the incidence of mpox among males aged 18-49 years who were recommended to receive post-exposure vaccination with Jynneos was 14 times higher among unvaccinated people compared with those who had received their first vaccine dose 14 days earlier. […] Observational studies report vaccine efficacy to be between 36% and 89% after one dose, and between 66% to 86% after two doses.

• #1 Mpox (Monkeypox) – symptoms, treatment and prevention | healthdirect

  https://www.healthdirect.gov.au/monkeypox

  There are 2 smallpox vaccines approved for use in Australia that can help protect you from mpox disease: 3rd generation JYNNEOS and 2nd generation ACAM2000 only suitable for healthy, non-pregnant adults. […] These vaccines can be given: before you are exposed to mpox as a primary preventative vaccination (PPV) previously referred as pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) and after you have been exposed to mpox as a post-exposure preventative vaccination (PEPV) previously known as post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP). […] In Australia, vaccination against mpox is recommended for the following groups: gay, bisexual or other men who have sex with men (GBMSM), including transgender and gender-diverse people, sex workers, particularly those whose clients are at risk of mpox exposure, people with HIV, if at risk of mpox exposure, other individuals whose sexual networks might include GBMSM, laboratory personnel working with orthopoxviruses.

• #1 Mpox – City of San Antonio

  https://www.sa.gov/Directory/Departments/SAMHD/Health-Services/Mpox

  It is recommended that you receive the vaccination against mpox if you: […] Had sexual or intimate contact to someone who may have mpox. Get vaccinated as soon as possible after exposure, regardless of your sexual or gender identity. […] Are a gay, bisexual, or other man who has sex with men, or are a transgender, nonbinary, or gender-diverse person who has had any of the following within the past 6 months: […] Have had sexual or intimate contact with a person who is at risk of mpox as described above. […] You work with orthopoxviruses in a laboratory or are part of an orthopoxvirus health care worker response team. […] Remember to get both doses of the vaccine for maximum protection.

• #1 Vaccine Information

  https://dph.illinois.gov/topics-services/diseases-and-conditions/mpox/vaccine.html

  When properly administered before or after a recent exposure, vaccines can be effective tools at protecting people against mpox illness. […] The first strategy is Mpox Vaccine Post-Exposure Prophylaxis (PEP), which is considered as standard PEP for mpox. Individuals are vaccinated following exposure to mpox to help prevent mpox illness. […] The CDC recommends exposed contacts receive the vaccine within 4 days from the date of exposure, for the best chance to prevent the onset of the disease. […] PEP is important in controlling outbreaks and preventing further transmission of mpox, especially when coupled with self-isolation and other prevention measures. […] The second strategy is Outbreak Response Mpox Vaccine Post-Exposure Prophylaxis (PEP++). […] This strategy is also coupled with self-isolation and other prevention measures when symptoms first occur.

• #1 Preventing Mpox | Mpox | CDC

  https://www.cdc.gov/mpox/prevention/index.html

  Talk to a healthcare provider to learn if the mpox vaccine is recommended for you. […] The JYNNEOS vaccine is recommended for prevention of mpox. Getting both doses provides the best protection. You should get two doses 4 weeks apart. […] If you are a close contact of someone who’s been diagnosed with mpox, you should get vaccinated as soon as possible after exposure to someone with mpox. Get vaccinated if you were exposed less than 14 days ago, ideally within 4 days, for the best chance to prevent the disease or make it less severe if you do get mpox. […] If you are at risk for mpox but haven’t received your two-dose vaccine yet, consider temporarily changing activities that involve close personal contact (such as sex). […] Avoid any rash you see on others and consider minimizing skin-to-skin contact. This is particularly important at a rave, party, or club where there is minimal clothing and where there is direct, personal, often skin-to-skin contact.

• #1 What’s New

  https://www.cdph.ca.gov/Programs/CID/DCDC/Pages/mpox.aspx

  Get vaccinated before symptoms develop. If you haven’t already been vaccinated, getting the vaccine after exposure may still provide some protection. The mpox vaccine can prevent mpox infection if given within 4 days of the exposure. If given 4-14 days after the exposure, the vaccine may not prevent an infection but may still prevent severe symptoms. […] Antiviral drugs, such as tecovirimat (TPOXX), may be used to treat mpox. It is recommended for people who are very ill or are more likely to become very ill.

• #1 Mpox: How it spreads, prevention and risks – Canada.ca

  https://www.canada.ca/en/public-health/services/diseases/mpox/risks.html

  To lower your risk of getting mpox: […] avoid close physical contact, including sexual contact, with someone who has mpox […] avoid close physical contact, including sexual contact, with someone who may have had a high-risk exposure to mpox […] avoid contact with all personal items and objects used by someone with mpox (for example, clothes, childrens toys, bedding, sex toys) […] You can also lower your risk by: […] getting vaccinated against mpox, if youre eligible […] having fewer sexual partners […] using barrier protection during sexual activity, including: […] cleaning your hands regularly […] cleaning and disinfecting high-touch surfaces and objects in your home, especially after having visitors.

• #1 Mpox (Monkeypox) – symptoms, treatment and prevention | healthdirect

  https://www.healthdirect.gov.au/monkeypox

  If you have recently returned from overseas or been in contact with someone diagnosed with mpox (monkeypox) and you develop symptoms, seek urgent medical attention. Contact your doctor or local hospital. […] Vaccination is the best way to prevent mpox infection. Other ways you can protect yourself from getting mpox include: avoiding close contact with people who have mpox or mpox symptoms, avoiding contact with materials such as clothing, bedding or towels from a person with mpox, practicing good hand hygiene. If you are caring for someone with mpox, use protective equipment such as gloves, facemasks, eye protection and disposable gowns, cleaning and disinfecting any contaminated surfaces, avoiding contact with wild animals or any animals that may carry the mpox virus if you are travelling to parts of Africa, avoiding handling or eating bush meat (wild game), practicing safe sex and using a condom (but be aware that condoms may not be enough to prevent catching mpox, as the virus can spread through skin-to-skin contact), exchanging contact information with sexual partners. This means that if a partner develops mpox you can be contacted and offered vaccination to prevent mpox (post-exposure preventative vaccination).

• #1 Preventing Mpox | Mpox | CDC

  https://www.cdc.gov/mpox/prevention/index.html

  Condoms (latex or polyurethane) may protect your anus (butthole), mouth, penis, or vagina from exposure to mpox. However, condoms alone may not prevent all exposures to mpox since the rash can occur on other parts of the body. […] Avoid close, skin-to-skin contact with people who have a rash that looks like mpox and animals that carry the virus. […] In areas where mpox is endemic (found regularly), particularly in Central or West Africa, avoid contact with live or dead wild animals that can carry the virus that causes mpox, such as rodents and primates. Direct contact with infected animals can spread the virus. […] Do not share eating utensils, dishes, plates, or cups with a person with mpox. […] Wash your hands often with soap and water, or use an alcohol-based hand sanitizer, especially before eating or touching your face and after you use the bathroom. Handwashing is one of the best ways to protect you, your family, and your friends from getting sick.

• #1 Prevention Steps from Animals with Mpox

  https://dph.illinois.gov/topics-services/diseases-and-conditions/mpox/guidance/prevention-steps-animals-mpox.html

  There are a number of measures that can be taken to prevent infection with mpox virus from animals: […] Avoid contact with animals that could harbor the virus in countries with mpox, such as central and west Africa (including rodents, marsupials and non-human primates and animals that are sick or that have been found dead in areas where mpox occurs). […] Avoid eating wild game meat (bush meat) from countries where mpox is present in animals. […] Avoid contact with any materials, such as bedding, that has been in contact with a sick animal. […] Isolate infected patients from others who could be at risk for infection. […] Practice good hand hygiene after contact with infected animals or humans. For example, washing your hands with soap and water or using an alcohol-based hand sanitizer.

• #1 Treatment and prevention of mpox (formerly monkeypox) – UpToDate

  https://www.uptodate.com/contents/treatment-and-prevention-of-mpox-formerly-monkeypox

  Treatment and prevention of mpox (formerly monkeypox) […] REDUCING RISK OF EXPOSURE […] Infection prevention and control in health care and community settings […] Patients typically acquire mpox through close, prolonged, direct contact, and the proper use of infection prevention and control measures can mitigate transmission. The recommendations below are based on guidance from the United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and the World Health Organization (WHO) as well as experience in our own institutions. Additional recommendations can be found on the CDC website. […] Health care settings […] The identify, isolate, inform framework should be applied to reduce the risk of transmitting mpox in health care settings. This approach has been applied broadly to a variety of pathogens, including high-consequence infectious diseases (HCIDs) such as Ebola virus disease and Middle East respiratory syndrome as well as non-HCIDs, such as measles.

• #1 Treatment and prevention of mpox (formerly monkeypox) – UpToDate

  https://www.uptodate.com/contents/treatment-and-prevention-of-mpox-formerly-monkeypox/print

  Infection prevention and control in health care and community settings — Patients typically acquire mpox through close, prolonged, direct contact, and the proper use of infection prevention and control measures can mitigate transmission. The recommendations below are based on guidance from the United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and the World Health Organization (WHO) as well as experience in our own institutions. Additional recommendations can be found on the CDC website. […] The identify, isolate, inform framework should be applied to reduce the risk of transmitting mpox in health care settings. This approach has been applied broadly to a variety of pathogens, including high-consequence infectious diseases (HCIDs) such as Ebola virus disease and Middle East respiratory syndrome as well as non-HCIDs, such as measles.

• #1 Treatment and prevention of mpox (formerly monkeypox) – UpToDate

  https://www.uptodate.com/contents/treatment-and-prevention-of-mpox-formerly-monkeypox/print

  High risk exposure — For most individuals who have had a known or suspected high-risk exposure to mpox, we suggest post-exposure vaccination with the MVA vaccine, a non-replicating smallpox and mpox vaccine. […] Monitoring after an exposure — Individuals with a high or intermediate risk of exposure should monitor for symptoms for 21 days after their last exposure. […] Management of persons exposed to mpox in pregnancy — Persons who are pregnant should be offered post-exposure vaccination with the modified vaccinia Ankara (MVA) vaccine if indicated.

• #1 What’s New

  https://www.cdph.ca.gov/Programs/CID/DCDC/Pages/mpox.aspx

  Get Your Mpox Vaccine Today! […] For the most protection, make sure you get both doses. […] If you are traveling to areas with clade I mpox, see CDC Preventing Mpox While Traveling. Preventive measures, including the mpox vaccine, are expected to be protective against both clade I and clade II mpox. Individuals who may be at risk for mpox are encouraged to make sure they have received both doses of the mpox vaccine. […] There are actions you can take to prevent the spread of mpox in the community: […] Get vaccinated to protect yourself if you may be at risk for mpox. For the greatest protection, make sure you get both doses of the vaccine. Find mpox vaccine (JYNNEOS) near you. […] If you were exposed to mpox, take precautions. Get the mpox vaccine before symptoms develop and consider avoiding intimate contact with others for 21 days. Watch yourself for symptoms and get tested if they develop.

• #1 Mpox | LA County Department of Public Health

  http://publichealth.lacounty.gov/media/monkeypox/prevention_guide.htm

  Use a condom. Condoms alone are likely not enough to prevent Mpox. But they might reduce the risk, and may help prevent sores in sensitive areas, like the anus, mouth, or genitals. […] Get vaccinated if you are eligible. […] If the vaccine is given before a person is exposed to Mpox, it helps to protect them from getting Mpox. […] If it is given after exposure, it may help to prevent the disease or make it less severe. […] Getting a dose of Mpox vaccine within 4 days after exposure can help prevent you from becoming infected. […] Getting a vaccine 4-14 days after exposure may make your infection less severe. […] People living with HIV should follow the same recommendations as everyone else to protect themselves from getting Mpox. […] Get the Mpox vaccine. The vaccine is safe and can be given either between the layers of the skin (intradermally) or beneath the skin (subcutaneously). […] Avoid direct contact with the rash or secretions of people with Mpox.

• #1 Mpox: Adult and Adolescent OIs | NIH

  https://clinicalinfo.hiv.gov/en/guidelines/hiv-clinical-guidelines-adult-and-adolescent-opportunistic-infections/mpox

  JYNNEOS is the preferred vaccine following mpox exposure and is safe to use in people with HIV; administer JYNNEOS in two doses (0.1 mL ID or 0.5 mL SQ) 28 days apart as soon as possible and within 14 days after exposure to mpox (AII). […] On a case-by-case basis and in consultation with an infectious disease expert, people with HIV who have advanced immunosuppression or a contraindication to vaccination can consider Tecovirimat 600 mg PO every 12 hours (people weighing 40 kg to 120 kg) or every 8 hours (patients weighing 120 kg) for 14 days (CIII), or VIGIV 6,000-9,000 units/kg IV single dose (CIII). […] There are no clinical data regarding the effectiveness of mpox post-exposure prophylaxis with these agents. […] People not presently taking ART should initiate treatment as soon as possible (AIII).

• #1 Mpox

  https://www.elpasotexas.gov/public-health/current-incidents/mpox/

  Mpox is a rare disease caused by infection with the mpox virus. Mpox virus is part of the same family of viruses as the variola virus, the virus that causes smallpox. Symptoms are similar to those of smallpox but milder, and mpox is rarely fatal. Mpox is not related to chickenpox. […] To avoid and limit exposure please follow these steps: Avoid close, skin to skin contact with people who have a rash that looks like mpox. […] Avoid contact with objects materials that a person with mpox has used. […] Wash your hands often with soap and water or use an alcohol-based hand sanitizer. […] Clients who have been exposed to mpox or have questions about mpox please call (915) 212-6520. […] It is recommended to isolate (staying away from other people) for the duration of the illness to prevent infecting others because mpox can spread from time symptoms appear until all symptoms resolve (rash is entirely healed). The illness can last anywhere from two to four weeks. […] Pregnant women should avoid close contact with individuals who could be infected or have been diagnosed with mpox.

• #1 Mpox (monkeypox) – including symptoms, treatment and prevention | SA Health

  https://www.sahealth.sa.gov.au/wps/wcm/connect/public+content/sa+health+internet/conditions/infectious+diseases/monkeypox/mpox+monkeypox+-+including+symptoms+treatment+and+prevention

  Mpox is vaccine preventable. […] Two doses of the mpox vaccine at least 28 days apart are needed for maximum protection. […] Infections with mpox virus can be prevented by the following measures: […] People with mpox should self-isolate away from other people and pets until all of their sores have healed and new skin has grown. […] People caring for or having contact with someone who has mpox should wear personal protective equipment (PPE) including gloves and surgical mask. […] Practise good hand hygiene after contact with people with mpox. Wash your hands with soap and water or use an alcohol-based hand sanitiser. […] Avoid contact with any materials, such as bedding, that have been in contact with an infected person. […] As it is currently unclear whether viable virus may be present in semen after recovery, people who have had mpox should use condoms when having sex for 8 weeks after they come out of isolation.

• #1 Treatment and prevention of mpox (formerly monkeypox) – UpToDate

  https://www.uptodate.com/contents/treatment-and-prevention-of-mpox-formerly-monkeypox/print

  Personal protective equipment (PPE) is required for all health care personnel (HCP) interacting with a patient with suspected or confirmed mpox or interacting with the patient’s environment. […] Community settings — Most patients with mpox will have mild disease and can be cared for at home. Such patients should not leave home except for follow-up medical care; when leaving home, public transportation should be avoided. […] Individuals with mpox should be isolated in a room or area separate from other family members and pets. This is particularly important for persons with extensive lesions that cannot be easily covered and those with respiratory symptoms. […] The WHO suggests consistent condom use during any sexual activity for 12 weeks after recovery. MPXV can be found in semen and vaginal fluids and has been transmitted sexually.

• #1 Mpox | Communicable Diseases Agency

  https://www.cda.gov.sg/public/diseases/mpox

  Observe and practise good personal hygiene at all times. […] Wash your hands regularly with soap, especially before handling food or eating, after going to the toilet, or when hands are dirty from coughing or sneezing. If water is not available, use an alcohol-based hand sanitiser that contains at least 60% alcohol. […] Avoid contact with persons who are unwell (e.g., those with rash or other lesions). […] Avoid sharing common items that may be contaminated with bodily fluids. […] Practise safe sex, including avoiding high-risk sexual activities such as having multiple sex partners or engaging in casual sex. […] When travelling, avoid feeding or touching animals, especially stray or wild animals, and the consumption of bush meat. […] Travellers from countries affected by mpox should monitor for symptoms for 21 days upon their return from these countries. Seek medical attention immediately if you become unwell or develop symptoms such as sudden onset of high fever, swollen lymph nodes and rash, and inform the doctor of your travel or exposure history.

• #1

  https://www.who.int/health-topics/mpox

  Prevention and control of mpox rely on raising awareness in communities and educating health workers to prevent infection and stop transmission. […] Mpox vaccines also provide protection against infection and severe disease. WHO recommends the use of vaccines for those most at risk of exposure during outbreaks, including people who have had close contact with someone with mpox, and health workers. People who were vaccinated against smallpox in childhood may have some cross-protection against mpox. […] To prevent spread, close contact with people who have mpox or with contaminated materials should be avoided. Masks, gloves and other personal protective equipment should be worn while taking care of the sick, whether in a health facility or at home. […] Where animal-to-human transmission is possible, contact with sick or dead animals should be avoided, and all foods containing animal meat or parts must be properly cooked before consumption. […] Care of patients with mpox should focus on managing symptoms to make people feel better, and to prevent medical complications. Potential treatments against mpox are being developed and tested.

• #2

  https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/mpox

  There are vaccines for mpox. Vaccination should be considered along with other public health interventions. […] Getting an mpox vaccine can help prevent infection (pre-exposure prophylaxis). It is recommended for people at high-risk of getting mpox, especially during an outbreak. […] The vaccine can also be administered after a person has been in contact with someone who has mpox (post-exposure prophylaxis). In these cases, the vaccine should be given less than 4 days after contact with someone who has mpox. […] To prevent spread of mpox to others, people with mpox should isolate at home following guidance from their health care provider, or in hospital if needed, for the duration of the infectious period (from onset of symptoms until lesions have healed and scabs fall off). […] Health workers should follow infection prevention and control measures to protect themselves while caring for patients with mpox by wearing appropriate personal protective equipment (PPE) (i.e. gloves, gown, eye protection and respirator) and adhering to protocol for safely swabbing lesions for diagnostic testing and handling sharp objects such as needles.

• #2 Prevention and Treatment of Mpox – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK603707/

  Primary prevention through immunization is a cornerstone of mpox epidemic control. The currently recommended mpox vaccine, brand name JYNNEOS, is based on MVA, a nonreplicating live virus vaccine originally developed as part of the global smallpox eradication effort. MVA is incapable of replication within human hosts, and because it is nonreplicating, exposure to MVA cannot result in infection, unlike prior versions of the smallpox vaccine. […] Mpox immunization for primary prevention is recommended for individuals at elevated risk of infection, including but not limited to those in the groups listed in Box 2, below. Following the commercialization of the MVA vaccine, all individuals requesting vaccination or who believe they may be vulnerable to mpox can be considered for vaccination. Estimates of vaccine efficacy range from 36% to 86% for 1 dose and increase to 66% to 89% two weeks after administration of the second dose or completion of the 2-dose series.

• #2 Mpox (Monkeypox) – Infections – Merck Manual Consumer Version

  https://www.merckmanuals.com/home/infections/pox-viruses/mpox-monkeypox

  A vaccine to prevent mpox is available. […] Two vaccines used for prevention of smallpox may be used for the prevention of mpox: JYNNEOS and ACAM2000. […] Past data from Africa suggest that the smallpox vaccine is at least 85% effective in preventing mpox, because monkeypox virus is closely related to the virus that causes smallpox. […] A smallpox vaccine may be offered to people at high risk of exposure to mpox in areas where there are local outbreaks and to healthcare providers in contact with infected people. […] The JYNNEOS vaccine is a live but weakened vaccinia virus that does not reproduce in the person who receives it. […] JYNNEOS is the main vaccine used in the United States in the current outbreak. […] It is used for the prevention of mpox in adults 18 years of age and older who are at high risk of mpox or after a recent known or presumed exposure to mpox.

• #2 Mpox (monkeypox): What is it and how can it be prevented?

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/infectious-diseases/expert-answers/monkeypox-faq/faq-20533608

  Mpox is an illness caused by the monkeypox virus. […] There is an mpox vaccine. People at high risk of the illness or who were recently exposed to the virus may be able to get the vaccine. […] You can prevent mpox in a few ways. […] Get the mpox vaccine if it’s recommended for you. […] The vaccine for mpox is called Jynneos. People age 18 and older can get the vaccine depending on their risk of coming in contact with the virus. […] Your healthcare professional may suggest that you get an mpox vaccine if you are at higher risk of coming in contact with the virus that causes mpox, including: […] For other groups of people, health agencies do not recommend an mpox vaccine. […] If you have questions about how you can protect against mpox, contact a healthcare professional.

• #2 Mpox – NYC Health

  https://www.nyc.gov/site/doh/health/health-topics/mpox.page

  Vaccination is a safe way to prevent yourself from getting mpox and may also reduce your symptoms. You should get vaccinated against mpox if you may have been exposed or could be at risk of exposure in the future. See the Vaccination page for more information about vaccination, including recommendations for who should get vaccinated. […] The following can help reduce your risk of getting and spreading mpox: […] Do not have sex or other intimate contact if you or your partners have a new or unexplained rash or sores or feel sick until you or they see a health care provider. […] Reduce your number of partners, especially those whose recent sexual history you do not know. […] Ask your partners if they have mpox symptoms or feel sick. […] Make a habit of exchanging contact information with any new partner to allow for sexual health follow-up, if needed.

• #2 Vaccine for Mpox Prevention in the United States | Mpox | CDC

  https://www.cdc.gov/mpox/hcp/vaccine-considerations/index.html

  Mpox vaccines are expected to be protective against Monkeypox virus, regardless of clade. […] People at risk of mpox should ideally be vaccinated prior to exposure to Monkeypox virus (MPXV). […] People may be vaccinated after exposure to MPXV to help prevent mpox (i.e., post-exposure prophylaxis). […] Two vaccines may be used for the prevention of mpox: JYNNEOS vaccine is approved and recommended by CDC and ACIP for the prevention of mpox and smallpox. […] Both the standard (0.5mL subcut) and the alternative (0.1mL ID) regimen have been found to be effective for mpox prevention. […] For people with sexual risk factors for mpox who have not been diagnosed with mpox during the ongoing outbreak or have not already received 2 doses of the JYNNEOS vaccine, CDC routinely recommends vaccination.

• #2 Mpox: What You Need to Know > News > Yale Medicine

  https://www.yalemedicine.org/news/monkeypox-mpox-symptoms-treatment

  How can you prevent mpox transmission? There are several different ways people can prevent mpox infection, including avoiding close, skin-to-skin contact with a mpox rash; not handling or touching bedding, clothing, or towels of a person who has mpox; and washing hands often with soap and water or using an alcohol-based hand sanitizer, especially after contact with people sick with the virus. […] Individuals who are at increased risk (MSM with certain high-risk sexual exposures) are encouraged to receive two doses of the Jynneos vaccine (more on vaccination below). Vaccination reduces the chances of contracting the infection and of severe illness, hospitalization, and death. Vaccination is also an important tool in preventing the spread of mpox. […] Dr. Azar advises the general public and health professionals to visit the CDC pages on mpox to familiarize themselves with signs and symptoms, prevention techniques, many of which are similar to prevention strategies for COVID-19, and information about who would most benefit from vaccination.

• #2 Prevention and Treatment of Mpox – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK603707/

  When administered as PEP within 14 days of mpox exposure, the MVA vaccine reduced the chance of symptomatic infection and symptom severity. […] Despite these limitations, asymptomatic individuals without prior immunity who have been exposed to mpox in the last 14 days should be offered vaccination as PEP, ideally within 4 days after exposure, to reduce the risk of infection or decrease symptoms. Individuals receiving vaccine PEP should be encouraged to complete the full vaccine series even in the absence of symptoms.

• #2 Health: HIV/STI/Viral Hepatitis: Mpox

  https://www.in.gov/health/hiv-std-viral-hepatitis/mpox/

  The JYNNEOS mpox vaccine is recommended for people who have been exposed to mpox and people who may be more likely to get mpox. If you are a close contact of a confirmed mpox case, please reach out to your local health department and or provider. Post-exposure prophylactic vaccination must be given within 14 days of exposure. […] People who get vaccinated should continue to take steps to protect themselves from infection by avoiding close, skin-to-skin contact, including intimate contact, with someone who has mpox. […] The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) recommends post-exposure prophylaxis for high or intermediate risk contacts of mpox cases. JYNNEOS (also known as Imvamune or Imvanex) is licensed by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for preventing mpox infection. The sooner an exposed person gets the vaccine, the better. CDC recommends that the vaccine be given within 4 days from the date of exposure to prevent onset of the disease. If given 4-14 days after the date of exposure, vaccination may reduce the symptoms of disease but may not prevent the disease.

• #2 Mpox: Risks and approaches to prevention

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10074767/

  National authorities should assess the approved Mpox/smallpox vaccines in response to the Mpox outbreaks. For post-exposure preventive vaccination (PEPV), the vaccine is provided within four days from the date of exposure for the best chance of preventing the onset of the disease. […] The risk of Mpox spread during large sports events with inevitable mass gatherings, and recommended IPC measures were discussed in detail in our previous publication.

• #2 Chicago Department of Public Health

  https://www.chicago.gov/city/en/depts/cdph/provdrs/infectious_disease/supp_info/mpox-home/mpox-prevention-guidance.html

  Mpox is spread from person to person through close contact like skin-to-skin or face-to-face through: […] Take the following steps to prevent getting mpox: […] Get vaccinated if you meet the eligibility criteria, and make sure to get the second recommended does 28 days later. […] Avoid close skin-to-skin contact with people who have a rash that looks like mpox. […] Do not touch the rash or scabs of someone with mpox. […] Do not kiss, hug, cuddle, or have sex with someone with mpox. […] Avoid contact with objects and materials that a person with mpox has used. […] Do not share food, drinks, or eating utensils with someone with mpox. […] Do not handle or touch the bedding, towels, or clothing of someone with mpox. […] Wash your hands often with soap and water or use an alcohol-based hand sanitizer.

• #2 Mpox (monkeypox): Advice for the public – PAHO/WHO | Pan American Health Organization

  https://www.paho.org/en/mpox/mpox-monkeypox-advice-public

  Avoid close contact, including sexual contact, with persons with mpox or or suspected case of the disease. […] Encourage the person to isolate and cover any skin lesions if possible (e.g., with a light bandage or clothing over the rash). […] When in physical proximity, wear a mask (yourself, the ill person, and the caregiver). […] Avoid skin-to-skin contact and wear disposable gloves if you have direct contact with the lesions. […] Wash your hands regularly with soap and water or rub them with alcohol-based gel, especially after contact with the infected person, their clothing, bed sheets, towels, and other items or surfaces that you have touched, or that may have come into contact with their rash or saliva (e.g., silverware and dishes). […] Wash clothes, towels, bed sheets, cutlery and dishes with hot water and detergent.

• #2

  https://www.who.int/health-topics/mpox

  Prevention and control of mpox rely on raising awareness in communities and educating health workers to prevent infection and stop transmission. […] Mpox vaccines also provide protection against infection and severe disease. WHO recommends the use of vaccines for those most at risk of exposure during outbreaks, including people who have had close contact with someone with mpox, and health workers. People who were vaccinated against smallpox in childhood may have some cross-protection against mpox. […] To prevent spread, close contact with people who have mpox or with contaminated materials should be avoided. Masks, gloves and other personal protective equipment should be worn while taking care of the sick, whether in a health facility or at home. […] Where animal-to-human transmission is possible, contact with sick or dead animals should be avoided, and all foods containing animal meat or parts must be properly cooked before consumption. […] Care of patients with mpox should focus on managing symptoms to make people feel better, and to prevent medical complications. Potential treatments against mpox are being developed and tested.

• #2 Mpox (monkeypox) – including symptoms, treatment and prevention | SA Health

  https://www.sahealth.sa.gov.au/wps/wcm/connect/public+content/sa+health+internet/conditions/infectious+diseases/monkeypox/mpox+monkeypox+-+including+symptoms+treatment+and+prevention

  People who have sex while travelling or attend venues or events where intimate contact with a large number of people occurs should be aware of the risk of mpox. Although condoms are recommended, these are not fully protective as any skin-on-skin contact with an infected person poses a transmission risk. […] People travelling to countries in Central, East and West Africa where mpox is known to be present should avoid contact with sick animals (dead or alive) that could harbour mpox virus, including rodents and primates and should refrain from eating or handling wild game (bush meat).

• #2 Strategies and guidelines on mpox

  https://www.ecdc.europa.eu/en/infectious-disease-topics/mpox/resources-health-professionals-mpox

  This document provides guidance on infection prevention and control (IPC) measures for primary and acute healthcare settings in the European Union/European Economic Area (EU/EEA) to prevent healthcare-associated transmission of monkeypox (MPX). […] U.S. CDC recommendations for infection prevention and control of mpox in healthcare settings.

• #2 Treatment and prevention of mpox (formerly monkeypox) – UpToDate

  https://www.uptodate.com/contents/treatment-and-prevention-of-mpox-formerly-monkeypox/print

  Personal protective equipment (PPE) is required for all health care personnel (HCP) interacting with a patient with suspected or confirmed mpox or interacting with the patient’s environment. […] Community settings — Most patients with mpox will have mild disease and can be cared for at home. Such patients should not leave home except for follow-up medical care; when leaving home, public transportation should be avoided. […] Individuals with mpox should be isolated in a room or area separate from other family members and pets. This is particularly important for persons with extensive lesions that cannot be easily covered and those with respiratory symptoms. […] The WHO suggests consistent condom use during any sexual activity for 12 weeks after recovery. MPXV can be found in semen and vaginal fluids and has been transmitted sexually.

• #2 Prevention Steps from Animals with Mpox

  https://dph.illinois.gov/topics-services/diseases-and-conditions/mpox/guidance/prevention-steps-animals-mpox.html

  Use standard, contact and droplet infection control precautions in the health care setting when caring for patients. […] Contact tracing is needed with each case of mpox to identify others who may become infected. […] Persons who have had contact with a suspect or confirmed animal or human case should be quarantined and followed up for 21 days after their last exposure. […] Historically, smallpox vaccine can provide protections against mpox. These vaccines are not widely available. A smallpox vaccine can be used in persons who have had contact with an infected mpox case but approval for the vaccination must be obtained from public health authorities.

• #2 Mpox | Springfield, MO – Official WebsiteArrow LeftArrow RightSlideshow Left ArrowSlideshow Right Arrow

  https://www.springfieldmo.gov/5634/Mpox

  Mpox, formerly known as monkeypox, is a rare disease caused by infection with the mpox virus. Mpox symptoms are generally mild, and most people are able to recover at home. It does not spread easily between people without close, prolonged contact and the threat of mpox to the general U.S. population remains low. […] Mpox Prevention Toolkits: Daycares, Shelters, College Dorms, Emergency Services, Schools, Long Term Care. […] If you suspect that you may have been exposed to an individual or animal with mpox, it is highly recommended by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention while quarantine is not necessary, you monitor yourself for symptoms for 21 days after the last exposure. […] If you are/remain asymptomatic: You can continue with daily activities like work or school. Don’t donate blood, cells, tissue, breast milk, semen, or organs while monitoring your symptoms.

• #2 Mpox: Adult and Adolescent OIs | NIH

  https://clinicalinfo.hiv.gov/en/guidelines/hiv-clinical-guidelines-adult-and-adolescent-opportunistic-infections/mpox

  Mpox vaccination should be offered to all people with HIV who have potential for mpox exposure or anticipate potential exposure to mpox per CDC interim clinical considerations (BII). […] Mpox vaccination should be provided to any other people with HIV who request vaccination (CII). […] MVA-BN vaccine, sold in the United States as JYNNEOS, is the preferred vaccine before mpox exposure and is safe to use in people with HIV; administer JYNNEOS in two doses (0.1 mL ID or 0.5 mL SQ) 28 days apart (AII). […] For unvaccinated people with HIV who experience a known or presumed exposure, post-exposure vaccination is recommended as soon as possible, ideally within 4 days after exposure; however, administration 4 to 14 days after exposure may still provide some protection against mpox and should be offered (BII).

• #2 Prevention and Treatment of Mpox – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK603707/

  Mpox Prevention […] Clinicians should recommend the MVA 2-dose vaccine series to individuals 18 years old who are at risk of acquiring mpox. (A2) […] Clinicians should recommend the MVA 2-dose vaccine series to individuals between 6 months and 18 years old who are at risk of acquiring mpox [a]. (A3) […] Clinicians should encourage individuals being vaccinated with MVA to receive both doses in the series for optimal protection. (A2) […] Clinicians should not offer vaccination to individuals with prior laboratory-confirmed mpox. (A3) […] Clinicians should recommend the MVA vaccine as PEP to individuals who have been exposed to mpox within the past 14 days and for whom vaccination may reduce the risk of infection or decrease symptoms if infection has occurred. (A2) […] Clinicians should vaccinate individuals with HIV who are at risk of acquiring mpox regardless of CD4 count or viral load. (A2)

• #2 Mpox – NYC Health

  https://www.nyc.gov/site/doh/health/health-topics/mpox.page

  Limit going to sex parties, circuit parties and other spaces where people are having sex or other intimate contact with multiple people. […] If you choose to have sex or other intimate contact while sick, or go somewhere where you may have close direct contact with others, cover all rashes and sores with clothing or sealed bandages. This may reduce the risk of spreading mpox to other people through contact with the rash or sores, but other methods of transmission may still be possible. […] Use condoms and gloves: […] Condoms (latex or polyurethane) may protect your mouth, penis anus or vagina from exposure to mpox; however, condoms alone may not prevent all exposures to mpox since the rash can occur on other parts of the body. […] Gloves (latex, polyurethane or nitrile) may reduce exposure if inserting fingers or hands into the anus or the vagina. The gloves must cover all exposed skin and be removed carefully to avoid touching the outer surface. […] Do not share towels, clothing, bedding, fetish gear, sex toys or toothbrushes. […] Wash your hands, fetish gear, towels and bedding. Sex toys should be washed after each use or sex act.

• #2 Mpox (monkeypox) | Red Door

  https://www.reddoorclinic.org/en/Monkeypox

  Get vaccinated. Visit Red Door Clinic or your nearest healthcare provider to receive the Mpox vaccine. Getting your vaccine is important for your personal and community protection. Having the vaccine reduces the severity of symptoms. […] Vaccination is highly effective at preventing mpox infection and reducing severity of symptoms. Data on the JYNNEOS vaccines effectiveness at preventing mpox shows that the vaccine is 75.2% effective for 1 dose and 85.9% effective for 2 doses. Vaccinated individuals are most protected 2 weeks after their 2nd dose. […] In addition to vaccination, mpox infection and transmission risk can be reduced by taking other measures. You can consider: Talking with partners about STI testing, symptoms, and sexual health history; Avoiding close, prolonged contact with people who are experiencing symptoms of mpox, including a rash or lesions; Limiting number of sexual partners; Practicing good handwashing and using alcohol-based hand sanitizer. […] Out of caution, Red Door recommends that people consider safe sex practices to reduce fluid exchange (condom use, withdrawal, non-penetrative sexual activities) for eight to 12 weeks after mpox skin lesions have completely healed over.

• #2

  https://www.ecdc.europa.eu/en/mpox

  Vaccination against mpox provides protection against the disease. […] General protective recommendations include: […] Mpox vaccination for people at increased risk of infection. […] Avoid skin-to-skin contact, including sexual contact, with people who may have mpox. […] In areas with significant ongoing transmission, avoid sexual contact with new sexual partners. […] Always practise good hand hygiene. […] To reduce animal-to-human transmission in areas with active MPXV circulation among wildlife, avoid contact with potential animal reservoirs and any materials that have been in contact with a potentially infected sick or dead animal. […] If you think you have mpox or have had contact with someone who had mpox, avoid close contact with others, including sex, and contact a healthcare provider immediately.

• #2 Mpox Symptoms, Risk Factors and Prevention | Froedtert & MCW

  https://www.froedtert.com/mpox

  The best way to stop the spread of Mpox is to be aware of the signs, symptoms and risk factors. If your partner has Mpox, avoid intimate contact until all sores heal, the scabs fall off and a fresh layer of skin forms. […] If you are diagnosed with Mpox, you are infectious until all of the lesions have scabbed over and the scabs have fallen off leaving only new normal skin beneath. That process can take up to 4 weeks. The Centers for Disease Control (CDC) recommends isolation for the duration of the infectious period staying away from people and pets when possible. […] The Jynneos vaccine is a two-dose series given at 0 and 28 days. You are not considered fully vaccinated until two weeks after the second shot and vaccine effectiveness can vary based on your immune system. You should still avoid touching any rash or sharing towels or clothing with someone who has a rash. The disease can also spread through saliva, so avoid kissing and cuddling.

• #2 WHO publishes new mpox prevention and management framework

  https://www.clinicaltrialsarena.com/analyst-comment/who-mpox-prevention-management-framework/

  The overall goal of the new framework is to achieve and sustain the elimination of human-to-human transmission of mpox. This will be achieved through three core objectives: (1) Achieving control of mpox outbreaks in every context, (2) Advancing mpox research and access to countermeasures, and (3) Minimising zoonotic transmission. […] Two stages were defined for mpox control and elimination, the first of which is to develop mpox control and elimination plans through community engagement, elimination of stigma to encourage equitable access to health services, and improved access to high-quality tests. The second is to continue implementation via integration with routine services to ensure mpox is transitioned from emergency response to more sustainable monitoring. Overall, the framework highlights the need for integration of mpox control strategies with routine health systems. […] The integration of ongoing surveillance with existing health programmes and the improved organisation of health system response before outbreaks occur will be the levers by which the new WHO mpox prevention and control framework contributes to a world with improved health outcomes for all.

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