Rak podstawnokomórkowy
Charakterystyka, pielęgnacja i opieka
Rak podstawnokomórkowy (BCC) jest najczęstszym nowotworem skóry, stanowiącym około 80% wszystkich przypadków nowotworów skóry w USA, z 3,6 mln nowych rozpoznań rocznie. BCC rozwija się z komórek podstawnych naskórka, cechuje się powolnym wzrostem i rzadko daje przerzuty. Lokalizuje się głównie na obszarach eksponowanych na promieniowanie UV, takich jak twarz, szyja i ręce. Wyróżnia się cztery główne warianty kliniczne: guzkowy, powierzchownie szerzący się, twardzinopodobny oraz barwnikowy. Diagnostyka opiera się na biopsji skóry z oceną histopatologiczną. Leczenie najczęściej jest chirurgiczne, obejmujące wycięcie z marginesem 4 mm dla guzów <2 cm, chirurgię Mohsa (wskaźnik wyleczenia do 99%) oraz łyżeczkowanie z elektrokoagulacją. Alternatywnie stosuje się radioterapię, krioterapię, terapię fotodynamiczną, leczenie miejscowe, terapię celowaną i chemioterapię w wybranych przypadkach.
- Wprowadzenie do raka podstawnokomórkowego
- Opieka pielęgniarska w raku podstawnokomórkowym
- Diagnozy pielęgniarskie i planowanie opieki
- Metody leczenia i rola pielęgniarki
- Opieka długoterminowa i profilaktyka
- Zespół multidyscyplinarny w opiece nad pacjentem z BCC
- Jakość życia i wsparcie psychospołeczne
- Ocena efektów opieki pielęgniarskiej
- Podsumowanie
Wprowadzenie do raka podstawnokomórkowego
Rak podstawnokomórkowy (z ang. Basal Cell Carcinoma, BCC) jest najczęstszym typem nowotworu skóry i jednocześnie najczęściej występującym nowotworem w ogóle. W Stanach Zjednoczonych stanowi około 80% wszystkich przypadków nowotworów skóry, z szacowaną liczbą 3,6 miliona nowych rozpoznań rocznie.12 Rak podstawnokomórkowy rozwija się w komórkach podstawnych skóry, które znajdują się w dolnej części naskórka i są odpowiedzialne za produkcję nowych komórek skóry.3 Mimo że BCC uważany jest za nowotwór złośliwy, rzadko daje przerzuty do innych części ciała i cechuje się powolnym wzrostem.4
Cechy kliniczne i rozpoznanie
Rak podstawnokomórkowy najczęściej występuje na obszarach skóry narażonych na działanie słońca, takich jak twarz, szyja, ręce i głowa.5 Wczesne zmiany BCC mogą prezentować się jako małe, różowe grudki o średnicy zaledwie 1-3 mm. Charakterystyczną cechą jest krwawienie przy niewielkim urazie, np. przy potarciu zmienionego miejsca paznokciem, co może być pomocnym objawem diagnostycznym.6 W miarę wzrostu, rak podstawnokomórkowy rozwija bardziej charakterystyczną guzkową strukturę, przezroczystość i obecność teleangiektazji (rozszerzonych naczyń krwionośnych).7
Istnieją cztery główne warianty kliniczne raka podstawnokomórkowego:8
- Guzkowy – najczęściej występujący typ, prezentujący się jako przezroczysty guzek z widocznymi teleangiektazjami
- Powierzchownie szerzący się – występuje najczęściej na plecach, tworząc płytkie, różowe do prawie koloru skóry blaszki
- Twardzinopodobny (sklerotyczny) – może przypominać małą białą bliznę, trudny do wczesnego rozpoznania
- Barwnikowy – występuje głównie u osób o ciemniejszej karnacji, może być mylony z czerniakiem
Jedynym sposobem na pewne rozpoznanie raka podstawnokomórkowego jest wykonanie biopsji skóry. Po wstępnej ocenie podejrzanej zmiany, dermatolog pobiera fragment tkanki do badania histopatologicznego.12 Istotne jest, aby biopsja była wystarczająco głęboka i sięgała do skóry właściwej.13
Opieka pielęgniarska w raku podstawnokomórkowym
Rola personelu pielęgniarskiego w opiece nad pacjentem z rakiem podstawnokomórkowym jest kluczowa zarówno w zakresie profilaktyki, wczesnego wykrywania, jak i wsparcia w procesie leczenia oraz rekonwalescencji. Pielęgniarki pełnią istotną funkcję w edukacji zdrowotnej i są często pierwszymi osobami, do których pacjenci zwracają się ze swoimi obawami dotyczącymi zmian skórnych.14
Ocena pielęgniarska i monitorowanie
Dokładna ocena pielęgniarska pacjenta z rakiem podstawnokomórkowym obejmuje:1516
- Badanie skóry pod kątem odchyleń od normy w zakresie koloru, tekstury, napięcia i pigmentacji
- Ocenę miejsc mogących być wrotami zakażenia: miejsca wkłuć dożylnych, ran, fałdów skórnych, wypukłości kostnych, krocza, jamy ustnej
- Monitorowanie parametrów życiowych co 4 godziny
- Codzienne monitorowanie liczby białych krwinek
- Zwracanie uwagi na oznaki infekcji: gorączka powyżej 38,3°C utrzymująca się dłużej niż godzinę, dreszcze, obrzęk, ból, rumień, wysięk
- Ocenę zmian w układzie oddechowym lub stanie psychicznym
Interwencje pielęgniarskie
W opiece nad pacjentem z rakiem podstawnokomórkowym istotne są następujące interwencje pielęgniarskie:1718
- Wdrażanie środków kontroli zakażeń
- Pobieranie próbek krwi, stolca, plwociny, moczu i wysięku z rany przed rozpoczęciem leczenia przeciwdrobnoustrojowego
- Informowanie personelu o konieczności zachowania higieny przy wchodzeniu i wychodzeniu z sali pacjenta
- Unikanie procedur z zakresu odbytnicy i pochwy
- Stosowanie środków zmiękczających stolec w celu zapobiegania zaparciom i napinaniu
- Pomoc pacjentowi w utrzymaniu higieny osobistej
- Instruowanie pacjenta o korzystaniu z golarki elektrycznej w celu uniknięcia uszkodzeń skóry
- Zachęcanie do aktywności fizycznej, jeśli nie jest przeciwwskazana
- Unikanie świeżych owoców, surowego mięsa, ryb i warzyw, jeśli bezwzględna liczba białych krwinek wynosi poniżej 1000/mm³
Opieka pooperacyjna
Po zabiegach chirurgicznego leczenia raka podstawnokomórkowego, opieka pielęgniarska obejmuje:192021
- Pielęgnację rany – pokrycie rany wazeliną i nieprzylegającym opatrunkiem
- Utrzymywanie miejsca chirurgicznego w czystości i suchości
- Stosowanie zalecanych środków miejscowych, takich jak maści antybiotykowe lub kremy wspierające regenerację tkanek
- Zarządzanie bólem – zastosowanie doustnych leków przeciwbólowych lub miejscowych środków znieczulających
- Monitorowanie miejsca operowanego pod kątem oznak infekcji, opóźnionego gojenia lub innych powikłań
- Wspieranie odpowiedniego odżywiania i nawodnienia, które odgrywają kluczową rolę w procesie gojenia
Diagnozy pielęgniarskie i planowanie opieki
W przypadku pacjentów z rakiem podstawnokomórkowym najczęstsze diagnozy pielęgniarskie to:2223
- Ryzyko infekcji związane z naruszeniem ciągłości skóry i obniżoną odpornością po leczeniu
- Zaburzenia integralności skóry związane z interwencjami chirurgicznymi
- Ból związany z procesem leczenia i gojenia
- Lęk związany z diagnozą i niepewnością co do wyniku leczenia
- Deficyt wiedzy dotyczący choroby, leczenia i samoopieki
Dla każdej diagnozy należy opracować indywidualny plan opieki pielęgniarskiej uwzględniający potrzeby i możliwości pacjenta.24
Wsparcie psychologiczne i edukacja pacjenta
Integralną częścią opieki pielęgniarskiej nad pacjentem z rakiem podstawnokomórkowym jest wsparcie psychologiczne i edukacja:2526
- Zachęcanie pacjenta do wyrażania obaw i lęków, odpowiadanie na pytania i zapewnianie wsparcia
- Umożliwienie pacjentowi udziału w podejmowaniu decyzji dotyczących leczenia
- Wspieranie pozytywnego obrazu ciała i samooceny
- Edukacja w zakresie samobadania skóry (wg metodologii ABCDE)
- Informowanie o konieczności regularnych kontroli dermatologicznych
- Wyjaśnianie procedur leczniczych i potencjalnych działań niepożądanych
Metody leczenia i rola pielęgniarki
Celem leczenia raka podstawnokomórkowego jest całkowite usunięcie nowotworu przy zachowaniu jak najlepszego efektu kosmetycznego i funkcjonalnego.27 Wybór metody leczenia zależy od typu, lokalizacji i wielkości nowotworu, a także preferencji pacjenta i możliwości odbywania wizyt kontrolnych.28
Metody chirurgiczne
Leczenie chirurgiczne jest najczęstszym sposobem terapii BCC, z następującymi głównymi metodami:2930
- Wycięcie chirurgiczne (excision) – guz jest wycinany wraz z marginesem zdrowej skóry, który następnie badany jest mikroskopowo. Dla dobrze odgraniczonych guzów o średnicy mniejszej niż 2 cm zwykle wystarczający jest margines 4 mm.
- Chirurgia mikrograficzna Mohsa – złoty standard leczenia BCC, zwłaszcza dla guzów wysokiego ryzyka. Podczas tej procedury chirurg usuwa nowotwór warstwa po warstwie, badając każdą z nich pod mikroskopem, aż do usunięcia wszystkich komórek nowotworowych. Metoda ta zapewnia najwyższy wskaźnik wyleczenia (do 99%) przy maksymalnym oszczędzaniu zdrowej tkanki.
- Łyżeczkowanie i elektrokoagulacja (curettage and electrodesiccation) – metoda polegająca na zeskrobaniu tkanki nowotworowej łyżeczką dermatologiczną, a następnie przyżeganiu podstawy nowotworu za pomocą igły elektrycznej.
Rola pielęgniarki w przypadku leczenia chirurgicznego obejmuje:33
- Przygotowanie pacjenta do zabiegu – zarówno fizyczne, jak i psychiczne
- Asystowanie podczas procedury
- Nauczanie pacjenta właściwej pielęgnacji rany pooperacyjnej
- Monitorowanie procesu gojenia i wczesne wykrywanie potencjalnych powikłań
- Wsparcie w zarządzaniu bólem pooperacyjnym
Metody niechirurgiczne
W przypadku przeciwwskazań do leczenia chirurgicznego lub preferencji pacjenta, dostępne są następujące metody niechirurgiczne:3435
- Radioterapia – wykorzystanie wysokoenergetycznych wiązek, takich jak promienie X i protony, do niszczenia komórek nowotworowych
- Krioterapia (wymrażanie) – zamrażanie komórek nowotworowych za pomocą ciekłego azotu, odpowiednie dla powierzchownych zmian skórnych
- Leczenie miejscowe – zastosowanie kremów lub maści na receptę, rozważane w przypadku małych i płytkich raków podstawnokomórkowych, gdy operacja nie jest opcją
- Terapia fotodynamiczna – łączy leki fotouczulające i światło do leczenia powierzchownych nowotworów skóry
- Terapia celowana – w rzadkich przypadkach rozległego lub przerzutowego BCC
- Chemioterapia – stosowana rzadko, gdy inne metody leczenia nie przyniosły efektu
Rola pielęgniarki w przypadku leczenia niechirurgicznego:38
- Edukacja pacjenta na temat danej metody leczenia i potencjalnych efektów ubocznych
- Monitorowanie reakcji skóry na leczenie
- Pomoc w łagodzeniu skutków ubocznych, takich jak zmęczenie, ból, nudności, wymioty, wysypka skórna, przebarwienia skóry
- Instruowanie pacjenta w zakresie prawidłowego stosowania przepisanych leków miejscowych
- Wsparcie psychologiczne podczas całego procesu leczenia
Opieka długoterminowa i profilaktyka
Pacjenci, którzy przeszli leczenie z powodu raka podstawnokomórkowego, mają zwiększone ryzyko rozwoju kolejnych nowotworów skóry. Dlatego opieka długoterminowa i profilaktyka stanowią istotne elementy kompleksowego podejścia do BCC.39
Regularne badania kontrolne
Po zakończeniu leczenia raka podstawnokomórkowego, zaleca się:4041
- Regularne wizyty kontrolne u dermatologa – częstotliwość ustalana indywidualnie, zwykle co najmniej raz w roku
- Dokładne badanie skóry, ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem miejsc wcześniej leczonych
- Samobadanie skóry raz w miesiącu w celu wczesnego wykrycia potencjalnych zmian
- Natychmiastowa konsultacja z lekarzem w przypadku zauważenia podejrzanych zmian skórnych
Rola pielęgniarki obejmuje edukację pacjenta w zakresie prawidłowego samobadania skóry oraz przypominanie o znaczeniu regularnych kontroli.42
Środki profilaktyczne
W ramach profilaktyki raka podstawnokomórkowego, pielęgniarki powinny edukować pacjentów w zakresie:4344
- Unikania ekspozycji na słońce, szczególnie w godzinach 10:00-16:00, gdy promieniowanie UV jest najsilniejsze
- Stosowania kremów z filtrem przeciwsłonecznym o SPF co najmniej 30, zapewniających szerokie spektrum ochrony, codziennie i ponownie co 2 godziny podczas pobytu na zewnątrz
- Noszenia odzieży ochronnej z wbudowaną ochroną przeciwsłoneczną (UPF), kapeluszy z szerokim rondem i okularów przeciwsłonecznych
- Unikania solariów i innych urządzeń do opalania
- Stosowania nikotynamidu (witamina B3) w dawce 500 mg dwa razy dziennie, co może zmniejszyć ryzyko rozwoju nowych BCC i SCC
Edukacja rodziny i bliskich
Istotnym elementem opieki pielęgniarskiej jest także edukacja rodziny i bliskich pacjenta w zakresie:4546
- Wspierania pacjenta w przestrzeganiu zaleceń dotyczących ochrony przed słońcem
- Pomocy w monitorowaniu skóry pod kątem potencjalnych zmian nowotworowych
- Rozpoznawania oznak i objawów nawrotu choroby
- Zapewnienia wsparcia emocjonalnego i praktycznego podczas całego procesu leczenia i rekonwalescencji
- W przypadku zaawansowanej choroby – opieki paliatywnej i wsparcia w radzeniu sobie z bólem lub innymi objawami
Zespół multidyscyplinarny w opiece nad pacjentem z BCC
Optymalna opieka nad pacjentem z rakiem podstawnokomórkowym wymaga współpracy zespołu multidyscyplinarnego, w którym pielęgniarka odgrywa kluczową rolę integrującą różne aspekty leczenia.47
Członkowie zespołu terapeutycznego
W skład zespołu multidyscyplinarnego mogą wchodzić:4849
- Dermatolog – główny specjalista zajmujący się diagnostyką i leczeniem nowotworów skóry
- Chirurg – specjalista w zakresie usuwania zmian nowotworowych
- Chirurg Mohsa – wyspecjalizowany w zaawansowanej technice mikrochirurgicznej
- Onkolog – w przypadku bardziej zaawansowanych postaci BCC
- Pielęgniarka – koordynator opieki, edukator, wsparcie dla pacjenta
- Asystenci lekarza i pielęgniarki specjalistyczne
- Farmaceuci – doradztwo w zakresie leków i ich interakcji
- Specjaliści ds. żywienia – wsparcie w odpowiednim odżywianiu sprzyjającym gojeniu
- Pracownicy socjalni – pomoc w kwestiach socjalnych i finansowych
- Rehabilitanci – wsparcie w przypadku problemów funkcjonalnych po leczeniu
Koordynacja opieki i komunikacja
Pielęgniarki często pełnią rolę koordynatorów opieki, zapewniając sprawną komunikację między członkami zespołu terapeutycznego oraz między zespołem a pacjentem.50 Do ich zadań należy:51
- Informowanie pacjenta o kolejnych etapach leczenia
- Organizowanie i koordynowanie wizyt u specjalistów
- Zapewnienie, że pacjent rozumie zalecenia wszystkich członków zespołu
- Monitorowanie postępów leczenia i zgłaszanie ewentualnych problemów odpowiednim specjalistom
- Wspieranie pacjenta w nawigacji przez system opieki zdrowotnej
- Ułatwianie dostępu do różnych usług wspierających, np. pomocy psychologicznej, rehabilitacji
Jakość życia i wsparcie psychospołeczne
Mimo że rak podstawnokomórkowy rzadko zagraża życiu, może mieć znaczący wpływ na jakość życia pacjenta, zwłaszcza gdy zmiany występują w widocznych miejscach, takich jak twarz.52
Wpływ na funkcjonowanie psychospołeczne
Pacjenci z rakiem podstawnokomórkowym mogą doświadczać:53
- Lęku związanego z diagnozą nowotworową
- Obaw dotyczących potencjalnego zniekształcenia po leczeniu
- Zmian w obrazie ciała i samoocenie
- Poczucia stygmatyzacji z powodu widocznych zmian skórnych
- Ograniczeń w funkcjonowaniu społecznym
Pielęgniarka powinna uwzględniać te aspekty w opiece, zapewniając odpowiednie wsparcie emocjonalne i pomoc w adaptacji do zmian.54
Dostępne formy wsparcia
W ramach kompleksowej opieki nad pacjentem z rakiem podstawnokomórkowym, pielęgniarka powinna informować o dostępnych formach wsparcia:5556
- Grupy wsparcia dla pacjentów z nowotworami skóry
- Konsultacje psychologiczne i psychiatryczne
- Programy rehabilitacyjne
- Materiały edukacyjne (broszury, strony internetowe) dostarczające rzetelnych informacji o chorobie i leczeniu
- Opieka paliatywna i hospicyjna w zaawansowanych przypadkach
- Programy wsparcia finansowego
Ocena efektów opieki pielęgniarskiej
Skuteczna opieka pielęgniarska nad pacjentem z rakiem podstawnokomórkowym powinna prowadzić do określonych efektów, które należy systematycznie oceniać.57
Oczekiwane wyniki
Prawidłowo prowadzona opieka pielęgniarska powinna skutkować:58
- Normalizacją parametrów życiowych
- Ustąpieniem gorączki
- Zmniejszeniem stanu zapalnego, miejscowego obrzęku, rumienia, bólu i ucieplenia
- Prawidłowymi odgłosami oddechowymi
- Brakiem patogennych bakterii w badaniach
- Brakiem uszkodzeń skóry
- Brakiem oznak sepsy
- Prawidłową pojemnością minutową serca i ciśnieniem tętniczym
Dodatkowo w aspekcie psychospołecznym i edukacyjnym:59
- Pacjent demonstruje wiedzę na temat samobadania skóry
- Stosuje zalecane środki ochrony przed słońcem
- Uczestniczy w regularnychbadaniach kontrolnych
- Zgłasza zmniejszony poziom lęku związanego z chorobą
- Wykazuje adaptację do zmian w wyglądzie po leczeniu
Metody oceny
Ocena efektów opieki pielęgniarskiej może być prowadzona za pomocą:60
- Regularnej obserwacji stanu pacjenta
- Pomiarów parametrów życiowych
- Oceny miejsca operowanego/leczonego
- Wywiadów z pacjentem dotyczących wiedzy na temat choroby i leczenia
- Kwestionariuszy oceny jakości życia
- Skal oceny bólu
- Oceny stosowania się do zaleceń dotyczących profilaktyki
Podsumowanie
Rak podstawnokomórkowy (BCC) jest najczęściej występującym typem nowotworu skóry, który przy wczesnym wykryciu i właściwym leczeniu ma bardzo dobre rokowanie. Opieka pielęgniarska odgrywa kluczową rolę na każdym etapie – od profilaktyki i wczesnego wykrywania, przez wsparcie w procesie leczenia, aż po opiekę długoterminową i edukację.6162
Kompleksowe podejście do opieki nad pacjentem z BCC wymaga współpracy multidyscyplinarnego zespołu, w którym pielęgniarka często pełni funkcję koordynatora i łącznika między pacjentem a różnymi specjalistami. Kluczowym aspektem jest indywidualizacja opieki z uwzględnieniem specyficznych potrzeb i preferencji pacjenta.63
Oprócz aspektów czysto medycznych, istotne jest także uwzględnienie wpływu choroby i leczenia na psychikę pacjenta, jego obraz ciała i funkcjonowanie społeczne. Wsparcie psychospołeczne, edukacja i motywowanie do aktywnego udziału w leczeniu i profilaktyce stanowią nieodłączne elementy holistycznej opieki pielęgniarskiej.6465
Wczesne wykrywanie i odpowiednie leczenie raka podstawnokomórkowego, wspierane przez profesjonalną opiekę pielęgniarską, skutkują lepszymi wynikami leczenia, mniejszą śmiertelnością i wyższą jakością życia pacjentów.66
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Materiały źródłowe
- #1 Basal Cell Carcinomahttps://www.skincancer.org/skin-cancer-information/basal-cell-carcinoma/
Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is the most common form of skin cancer and the most frequently occurring form of all cancers. In the U.S. alone, an estimated 3.6 million cases are diagnosed each year. BCCs arise from abnormal, uncontrolled growth of basal cells. […] Because BCCs grow slowly, most are curable and cause minimal damage when caught and treated early. Understanding BCC causes, risk factors and warning signs can help you detect them early, when they are easiest to treat and cure. […] BCC is serious and should be addressed as soon as possible. […] BCCs rarely spread beyond the original tumor site. But these lesions can grow and become disfiguring and dangerous. Untreated BCCs can become locally invasive, grow wide and deep into the skin and destroy skin, tissue and bone. The longer you wait to get treatment, the more likely it is that the BCC will recur, sometimes repeatedly.
- #2 What Are Basal and Squamous Cell Skin Cancers? | Types of Skin Cancer | American Cancer Societyhttps://www.cancer.org/cancer/types/basal-and-squamous-cell-skin-cancer/about/what-is-basal-and-squamous-cell.html
Basal cell carcinoma (BCC, also called basal cell skin cancer, or just basal cell cancer) is most common type of skin cancer. About 8 out of 10 skin cancers are basal cell carcinomas. […] These cancers start in the basal cell layer, which is the lower part of the epidermis. […] BCCs usually develop on sun-exposed areas, especially the face, head, neck, and arms. They tend to grow slowly. Its very rare for a basal cell cancer to spread to other parts of the body. But if BCC is left untreated, it can grow into nearby areas and invade the bone or other tissues beneath the skin. […] If not removed completely, BCC can come back (recur) in the same place on the skin. People who have had basal cell skin cancers are also more likely to get new ones in other places.
- #3 Basal cell carcinoma – Cancer Institute | Northwell Healthhttps://cancer.northwell.edu/cancer-care/basal-cell-carcinoma
Basal cell carcinoma is the most common form of skin cancer, which in turn is the most common form of cancer in the United States. The good news is that when it’s found early, it’s highly treatable. As the name suggests, it begins in the basal cellsâa type of cell in the lower part of the epidermis that produces new skin cells. […] Our skin cancer specialists work as a team to deliver coordinated, personalized care for every patient with basal cell carcinoma. […] Northwell dermatologists offer skin cancer screenings at convenient locations throughout the region. […] You’re not aloneâour cancer navigators are here to help facilitate your treatment through every step of your care.
- #4 What you should know about basal cell carcinomahttps://health.ucdavis.edu/news/headlines/what-you-should-know-about-basal-cell-carcinoma/2023/03
Basal cell carcinoma is the most common cancer in humans. […] Basal cell carcinoma typically appears in areas exposed to the sun. […] A dermatologist can often accurately diagnose suspicious lesions based on how they appear. […] When found early, this type of skin cancer is highly treatable. […] Most basal cell carcinomas grow slowly, do not spread in the bloodstream or lymph nodes and are typically not a threat to life if they are not neglected. […] Sun avoidance and sun protection are the most effective ways to prevent skin cancer. […] Many treatments can remove basal cell carcinoma, including Mohs surgery, excision, electrosurgery, topical creams, radiation therapy, chemotherapy, and cryosurgery. […] With early detection and treatment, almost all basal cell carcinomas can be successfully removed without complications. […] It’s important to discuss with your provider all your treatment options, including your treatment goals and possible side effects.
- #5 Basal Cell Carcinoma | Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Centerhttps://www.mskcc.org/cancer-care/types/basal-cell-carcinoma
Basal cell carcinoma is the most common form of cancer worldwide. In the United States, it accounts for approximately 8 out of 10 (80%) of all skin cancers. The majority of basal cell carcinomas are easily and successfully treated with current therapies. […] Our doctors and specialists diagnose and treat basal cell carcinomas using the most advanced tools available. Why do we do all this? Simple. We want what you want the best possible result. […] Basal cell carcinomas are most commonly found on the face, neck, hands, or other parts of the body that are frequently exposed to the sun. […] This type of skin cancer rarely causes pain when its developing. However, it may bleed after a minor injury, then form a scab and heal. […] Basal cell carcinomas rarely spread to other parts of the body, and deaths from this disease are very rare. However, because basal cell carcinomas often occur on the face, they can cause serious cosmetic damage and functional difficulties if not diagnosed and treated early.
- #6http://www.bccancer.bc.ca/books/skin-cancer-prevention-early-diagnosis-courses/course-readings/skin-cancer-early-diagnosis-readings/basal-cell-carcinoma
Basal cell carcinoma has no precursor lesion. The earliest lesions of basal cell carcinoma are generally seen as a small pink papule sometimes only 1 to 3 mm across. This papule commonly bleeds on minor trauma such as dragging a fingernail across it. This can be a useful diagnostic sign in the identification of an early basal cell carcinoma, particularly if the small papule has been present for many months and is thus obviously not a simple folliculitis. […] As basal cell carcinomas grow the most common types develop the more characteristic nodularity, translucency, and telangiectasia. […] There are four main clinical variants of basal cell carcinoma. These are nodular, superficial spreading, sclerosing and pigmented basal cell carcinomas. […] Nodular basal cell carcinoma is clinically manifested as a translucent nodule, often with telangiectatic vessels being very evident. As the nodule expands beyond 1 cm the center can begin to break down causing an ulcer surrounded by a rolled edge. The alternative name for this is „rodent ulcer”.
- #7http://www.bccancer.bc.ca/books/skin-cancer-prevention-early-diagnosis-courses/course-readings/skin-cancer-early-diagnosis-readings/basal-cell-carcinoma
Basal cell carcinoma has no precursor lesion. The earliest lesions of basal cell carcinoma are generally seen as a small pink papule sometimes only 1 to 3 mm across. This papule commonly bleeds on minor trauma such as dragging a fingernail across it. This can be a useful diagnostic sign in the identification of an early basal cell carcinoma, particularly if the small papule has been present for many months and is thus obviously not a simple folliculitis. […] As basal cell carcinomas grow the most common types develop the more characteristic nodularity, translucency, and telangiectasia. […] There are four main clinical variants of basal cell carcinoma. These are nodular, superficial spreading, sclerosing and pigmented basal cell carcinomas. […] Nodular basal cell carcinoma is clinically manifested as a translucent nodule, often with telangiectatic vessels being very evident. As the nodule expands beyond 1 cm the center can begin to break down causing an ulcer surrounded by a rolled edge. The alternative name for this is „rodent ulcer”.
- #8http://www.bccancer.bc.ca/books/skin-cancer-prevention-early-diagnosis-courses/course-readings/skin-cancer-early-diagnosis-readings/basal-cell-carcinoma
Basal cell carcinoma has no precursor lesion. The earliest lesions of basal cell carcinoma are generally seen as a small pink papule sometimes only 1 to 3 mm across. This papule commonly bleeds on minor trauma such as dragging a fingernail across it. This can be a useful diagnostic sign in the identification of an early basal cell carcinoma, particularly if the small papule has been present for many months and is thus obviously not a simple folliculitis. […] As basal cell carcinomas grow the most common types develop the more characteristic nodularity, translucency, and telangiectasia. […] There are four main clinical variants of basal cell carcinoma. These are nodular, superficial spreading, sclerosing and pigmented basal cell carcinomas. […] Nodular basal cell carcinoma is clinically manifested as a translucent nodule, often with telangiectatic vessels being very evident. As the nodule expands beyond 1 cm the center can begin to break down causing an ulcer surrounded by a rolled edge. The alternative name for this is „rodent ulcer”.
- #9http://www.bccancer.bc.ca/books/skin-cancer-prevention-early-diagnosis-courses/course-readings/skin-cancer-early-diagnosis-readings/basal-cell-carcinoma
Nodular basal cell carcinomas are common on the face, particularly along embryonal fusion planes such as the inner canthus, perinasal skin and periauricular skin. They can occur anywhere on the body that has been subject to intermittent severe sun exposure. […] Childhood exposure appears to be of considerable significance, as it is for melanoma, in the development of basal cell carcinoma. […] Superficial spreading basal cell carcinoma is most common on the upper back. It consists of shallow plaques, pink to almost skin coloured, that slowly expand over many years. The shallowness of the lesion prevents ulceration until quite late. Typically, these lesions are very friable, and minor trauma such as dragging a fingernail across the lesion while often result in multiple pinpoint bleeding areas.
- #10http://www.bccancer.bc.ca/books/skin-cancer-prevention-early-diagnosis-courses/course-readings/skin-cancer-early-diagnosis-readings/basal-cell-carcinoma
Superficial spreading basal cell carcinomas are almost all secondary to sun damage. […] Sclerosing basal cell carcinoma is often a significant diagnostic problem. The early lesion can look like a small white scar on the skin. This scar-like area slowly expands. Nodules of basal cell carcinoma can be apparent in late lesions but the sclerotic scarred area can expand to a very large size before it is clinically obvious as a skin cancer. It is most common on the face, and can produce quite significant morbidity because of its size at the time of diagnosis. […] Because the margins of sclerosing basal cell carcinoma are almost always very poorly defined, it is commonly recurrent after simple surgical excision. Micrographic surgery, if available, is the surgical treatment of choice or, in patients over 60, radiation therapy with generous margins. In all cases, the lesion must be examined carefully under very good light to ascertain the approximate margins.
- #11http://www.bccancer.bc.ca/books/skin-cancer-prevention-early-diagnosis-courses/course-readings/skin-cancer-early-diagnosis-readings/basal-cell-carcinoma
Pigmented basal cell carcinoma occurs in dark skinned individuals, particularly Asians. Nodular basal cell carcinomas can be pigmented, as can superficial spreading basal cell carcinomas. Nodular basal cell carcinomas that are pigmented may be confused clinically with nodular melanoma. The differentiating feature, if completely pigmented, is that there are pigment flecks around the base of the nodule that are absent in melanoma. These flecks are the engorged melanocytes. In many cases the only way to clearly differentiate is a biopsy.
- #12 Skin cancer types: Basal cell carcinoma diagnosis and treatmenthttps://www.aad.org/public/diseases/skin-cancer/types/common/bcc/treatment
When found early, basal cell carcinoma is highly treatable. […] Having a skin biopsy is the only way to know for sure whether you have any type of skin cancer. […] Your dermatologist will carefully consider your health and the findings in the report before choosing how to treat the cancer. […] When possible, basal cell carcinoma is treated with a procedure called surgical removal. […] Three types of surgical removal are used to treat basal cell carcinoma. […] During this type of surgical removal, your dermatologist first scrapes the basal cell carcinoma from your skin, using a technique called curetting. […] While surgical removal is often the preferred way to treat basal cell carcinoma, one of these following procedures may be recommended for some patients. […] This is a treatment that you would use at home as prescribed.
- #13 Malignant Wounds – Basal Cell Carcinoma | AccessMedicine Networkhttp://www.accessmedicinenetwork.com/users/253399-rose-hamm/posts/malignant-wounds-basal-cell-carcinoma
Basal cell carcinoma is the most common skin cancer that affects one in every six Americans. Early detection and treatment are the key elements to prevention of extensive disfiguring surgery, risk of infection, or complications of a non-healing wound. […] Medical management of BCC begins with a biopsy of any suspicious lesion with anesthetic and surgical shaving technique. It is essential that the biopsy is not too shallow and obtains a depth to the dermis. Treatment options include the following procedures: […] Wound management of any post-surgical lesions should follow the principle of moist wound therapy with special care to avoid the use of any cytotoxic agents (e.g. hydrogen peroxide, Dakins solution, acetic acid) that may impede the normal healing process by destroying essential fibroblasts. Silicone-backed foam dressings are suggested for absorbing any drainage, protecting the periwound skin, and facilitating re-epithelialization. […] In summary, basal cell carcinoma the most common skin cancer that requires early detection and treatment in order to have the best aesthetic outcome and minimal risk of complications.
- #14 Basal Cell Carcinoma: Symptoms & Treatment | Vaiahttps://www.vaia.com/en-us/explanations/nursing/human-anatomy/basal-cell-carcinoma/
In the realm of nursing, understanding Basal Cell Carcinoma is critical. […] By maintaining regular check-ups and availing of prompt treatment, far better outcomes could be realised in battling this disease. […] Understanding the structure and function of the skin helps to comprehend how BCC develops. […] Timely diagnosis and treatment are essential to prevent further growth and potential tissue damage. […] Early detection of Basal Cell Carcinoma is crucial for effective treatment. […] Regular check-ups play a pivotal role in the early detection and prompt treatment of Basal Cell Carcinoma, drastically improving patient outcomes. […] Nurses play a vital role in early detection, often being the friendly, reassuring face that patients turn to when they have health concerns. […] Nurses can educate patients about Basal Cell Carcinoma prevention by promoting regular use of sun protection measures, including wearing hats, sunglasses, and using sun cream.
- #15 Basal Cell Carcinomahttps://www.saralmind.com/pcl-2nd-year/medical-and-surgical-nursing-i-theory-/anatomy-and-physiology-of-the-skin/basal-cell-carcinoma
Skin cancer of the basal cell carcinoma variety exists. […] A nurse should look for any deviations from the patient’s usual skin characteristics by examining the patient’s skin’s color, texture, turgor, and pigmentation. […] Look for deviations from typical skin parameters in the patient’s skin’s color, texture, turgor, and pigmentation. […] Establish the patient’s radiation exposure history, and make sure to inquire about their employment history. […] Encourage thorough grooming to support the patient’s sense of self-worth and body image. […] By allowing the patient to participate in decision-making, you may accept their look and cultivate a healthy self-image. […] Encourage the patient to express their worries and fears out loud, respond to any inquiries, and provide reassurance when necessary.
- #16 Basal Cell Carcinoma Nursing Care Plan collage_of_basal_cell_carcinomaâ¦https://coggle.it/diagram/XpItE-pGhxNZnPCQ/t/basal-cell-carcinoma-nursing-care-plan-basal_cell_carcinoma
Basal Cell Carcinoma Nursing Care Plan collage_of_basal_cell_carcinoma […] Nursing intervention […] Assess if infection is present […] By checking vital signs 4 hourly […] Monitor white blood cell count daily […] Inspect all sights that may be the entry of infection: IV sights, wounds, skin folds, bony prominence, perineum oral cavity […] Report fever 38.3 C for longer than an hour […] Report chills, diaphoresis, swelling, heat, pain, erythema, exudate on body […] Also report changes in respiratory or mental status, frequency of urine and burning sensation, malaise, myalgias, arthralgias, rash or diarrhoea […] obtain blood, stool, sputum, urine, wound exudate specimen before antimicrobial treatment […] initiate infection control measures […] inform family to cater for private room for patient if WBC count 1000/mm
- #17 Basal Cell Carcinoma Nursing Care Plan collage_of_basal_cell_carcinomaâ¦https://coggle.it/diagram/XpItE-pGhxNZnPCQ/t/basal-cell-carcinoma-nursing-care-plan-basal_cell_carcinoma
Basal Cell Carcinoma Nursing Care Plan collage_of_basal_cell_carcinoma […] Nursing intervention […] Assess if infection is present […] By checking vital signs 4 hourly […] Monitor white blood cell count daily […] Inspect all sights that may be the entry of infection: IV sights, wounds, skin folds, bony prominence, perineum oral cavity […] Report fever 38.3 C for longer than an hour […] Report chills, diaphoresis, swelling, heat, pain, erythema, exudate on body […] Also report changes in respiratory or mental status, frequency of urine and burning sensation, malaise, myalgias, arthralgias, rash or diarrhoea […] obtain blood, stool, sputum, urine, wound exudate specimen before antimicrobial treatment […] initiate infection control measures […] inform family to cater for private room for patient if WBC count 1000/mm
- #18 Basal Cell Carcinoma Nursing Care Plan collage_of_basal_cell_carcinomaâ¦https://coggle.it/diagram/XpItE-pGhxNZnPCQ/t/basal-cell-carcinoma-nursing-care-plan-basal_cell_carcinoma
avoid people with known infection or recently vaccinated […] instruct all personnel to maintain hygiene when entering or exiting the room […] avoid procedures of the rectum vagina […] use stool softers to prevent constipation straining […] assist the patient maintain personal hygiene […] instruct patient to use electric razor to avoid skin breakdown […] encourage ambulation unless contraindicated […] avoid fruits, raw meat, fish, vegetables if absolute WBC count 1000/mm […] fresh fruits vegetables harbor bacteria cannot be removed by normal washing […] Nursing diagnosis […] Risk for infection […] Evaluation […] Demonstrate normal vital signs […] Fever subsides […] Deterioration of inflammation, local oedema, erythema, pain and warmth […] Ordinary sound breaths […] pathologic bacteria are longer present […] uses electric razor […] skin breakdown is no longer present […] no signs of septicaemia […] normal cardiac output and arterial pressures.
- #19 Basal Cell Carcinoma: Symptoms & Treatment | Vaiahttps://www.vaia.com/en-us/explanations/nursing/human-anatomy/basal-cell-carcinoma/
A nurse caring for a patient with basal cell carcinoma is responsible for monitoring the patient’s condition, administering prescribed treatments, offering health education about the disease and its management, and providing emotional support to the patient and family. […] Post-surgery nursing care can include wound management, pain control, providing emotional support and giving advice on the prevention of future skin cancers.
- #20 Post-Surgical Care for Basal Cell Carcinoma: Tips for Optimal Healinghttps://cenladerm.com/post-surgical-care-for-basal-cell-carcinoma-tips-for-optimal-healing/
Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is the most common type of skin cancer, often requiring surgical intervention for removal. After undergoing BCC surgery, proper post-operative care is essential to promote healing, reduce complications, and optimize outcomes. […] Following BCC surgery, the treated area will require special attention to facilitate healing and minimize the risk of complications. Dermatologists emphasize the importance of adhering to post-operative care instructions for the best possible outcome. […] Proper wound care is paramount after basal cell carcinoma surgery. Keep the surgical site clean and dry, following dermatologist-recommended cleansing techniques. […] Apply prescribed or recommended topical treatments, such as antibiotic ointments or healing creams, to promote tissue regeneration and prevent infection.
- #21 Skin Cancer Nursing NCLEX Reviewhttps://www.registerednursern.com/skin-cancer-nursing-nclex-review/
We play a vital role in detection and education! […] Asses the patient for any areas on the skin that doesnt heal, itchy, or changes colors, and teach the patient to report this immediately to their doctor. […] Perform a thorough skin assessment and identify possible cancerous lesionsfollow the ABCDE assessment (teach the patient to do this monthly): […] Prevention (teach this to the patient): […] Treatment depends on the type of cancer and stage. However, the cancerous tissue will be removed (there are various ways to do this).examples: […] Nursing care for surgical site: cover with petroleum jelly and nonstick bandage.
- #22 Basal Cell Carcinoma Nursing Care Plan collage_of_basal_cell_carcinomaâ¦https://coggle.it/diagram/XpItE-pGhxNZnPCQ/t/basal-cell-carcinoma-nursing-care-plan-basal_cell_carcinoma
avoid people with known infection or recently vaccinated […] instruct all personnel to maintain hygiene when entering or exiting the room […] avoid procedures of the rectum vagina […] use stool softers to prevent constipation straining […] assist the patient maintain personal hygiene […] instruct patient to use electric razor to avoid skin breakdown […] encourage ambulation unless contraindicated […] avoid fruits, raw meat, fish, vegetables if absolute WBC count 1000/mm […] fresh fruits vegetables harbor bacteria cannot be removed by normal washing […] Nursing diagnosis […] Risk for infection […] Evaluation […] Demonstrate normal vital signs […] Fever subsides […] Deterioration of inflammation, local oedema, erythema, pain and warmth […] Ordinary sound breaths […] pathologic bacteria are longer present […] uses electric razor […] skin breakdown is no longer present […] no signs of septicaemia […] normal cardiac output and arterial pressures.
- #23 Basal Cell Carcinoma Nursing Care Plan collage_of_basal_cell_carcinomaâ¦https://coggle.it/diagram/XpItE-pGhxNZnPCQ/t/basal-cell-carcinoma-nursing-care-plan-basal_cell_carcinoma
Basal Cell Carcinoma Nursing Care Plan collage_of_basal_cell_carcinoma […] Nursing intervention […] Assess if infection is present […] By checking vital signs 4 hourly […] Monitor white blood cell count daily […] Inspect all sights that may be the entry of infection: IV sights, wounds, skin folds, bony prominence, perineum oral cavity […] Report fever 38.3 C for longer than an hour […] Report chills, diaphoresis, swelling, heat, pain, erythema, exudate on body […] Also report changes in respiratory or mental status, frequency of urine and burning sensation, malaise, myalgias, arthralgias, rash or diarrhoea […] obtain blood, stool, sputum, urine, wound exudate specimen before antimicrobial treatment […] initiate infection control measures […] inform family to cater for private room for patient if WBC count 1000/mm
- #24 Basal Cell Carcinomahttps://www.saralmind.com/pcl-2nd-year/medical-and-surgical-nursing-i-theory-/anatomy-and-physiology-of-the-skin/basal-cell-carcinoma
Skin cancer of the basal cell carcinoma variety exists. […] A nurse should look for any deviations from the patient’s usual skin characteristics by examining the patient’s skin’s color, texture, turgor, and pigmentation. […] Look for deviations from typical skin parameters in the patient’s skin’s color, texture, turgor, and pigmentation. […] Establish the patient’s radiation exposure history, and make sure to inquire about their employment history. […] Encourage thorough grooming to support the patient’s sense of self-worth and body image. […] By allowing the patient to participate in decision-making, you may accept their look and cultivate a healthy self-image. […] Encourage the patient to express their worries and fears out loud, respond to any inquiries, and provide reassurance when necessary.
- #25 Basal Cell Carcinomahttps://www.saralmind.com/pcl-2nd-year/medical-and-surgical-nursing-i-theory-/anatomy-and-physiology-of-the-skin/basal-cell-carcinoma
Skin cancer of the basal cell carcinoma variety exists. […] A nurse should look for any deviations from the patient’s usual skin characteristics by examining the patient’s skin’s color, texture, turgor, and pigmentation. […] Look for deviations from typical skin parameters in the patient’s skin’s color, texture, turgor, and pigmentation. […] Establish the patient’s radiation exposure history, and make sure to inquire about their employment history. […] Encourage thorough grooming to support the patient’s sense of self-worth and body image. […] By allowing the patient to participate in decision-making, you may accept their look and cultivate a healthy self-image. […] Encourage the patient to express their worries and fears out loud, respond to any inquiries, and provide reassurance when necessary.
- #26 Basal Cell Carcinoma | Symptoms & Stages | MedStar Healthhttps://www.medstarhealth.org/services/basal-cell-carcinoma-symptoms-and-stages
Basal cell carcinoma is the most common type of skin cancer in the United States. […] For many, it looks like a pimple or red sore that doesn’t go away. […] However, any cancer diagnosis can be overwhelming and concerning, and we work quickly to get you the care and reassurance you need. […] At MedStar Health, our skin cancer experts have decades of combined experience in diagnosing and treating these kinds of cancers. […] Together, we will design a personalized treatment plan that will lead to your best outcomes, maximizing both your oncologic and cosmetic results. […] Your team may include some of our world-renowned plastic and reconstructive surgeons who work closely with our oncologic surgeons to minimize any scarring and maintain your natural appearance. […] If you see something on your skin that you think is concerning, it’s always best to get it checked sooner rather than later.
- #27 Basal cell carcinoma – Diagnosis & treatment – Mayo Clinichttps://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/basal-cell-carcinoma/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20354193
The goal of treatment for basal cell carcinoma is to remove the cancer completely. Which treatment is best for you depends on the type, location and size of your cancer, as well as your preferences and ability to do follow-up visits. Treatment selection can also depend on whether this is a first-time or a recurring basal cell carcinoma. […] Basal cell carcinoma is most often treated with surgery to remove all of the cancer and some of the healthy tissue around it. […] Options might include: […] Surgical excision. In this procedure, your doctor cuts out the cancerous lesion and a surrounding margin of healthy skin. The margin is examined under a microscope to be sure there are no cancer cells. […] Mohs surgery. During Mohs surgery, your doctor removes the cancer layer by layer, examining each layer under the microscope until no abnormal cells remain. This allows the surgeon to be certain the entire growth is removed and avoid taking an excessive amount of surrounding healthy skin.
- #28 Basal Cell Carcinoma Treatment & Management: Approach Considerations, Surgical Modalities and Guidelines, Topical Treatmentshttps://emedicine.medscape.com/article/276624-treatment
According to the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN), the goal of treatment for basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is elimination of the tumor with maximal preservation of function and physical appearance. As such, treatment decisions should be individualized according to the tumor characteristics and the patient’s particular risk factors and preferences. […] In nearly all cases of BCC, the recommended treatment modality is surgery. […] Local therapy with chemotherapeutic and immune-modulating agents is useful in some cases of BCC. In particular, small and superficial BCCs may respond to these compounds. […] Topical 5% imiquimod is approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for the treatment of nonfacial superficial BCCs that are less than 2 cm in diameter. […] Likewise, topical fluorouracil 5% is approved by the FDA for the treatment of superficial BCC, administered twice daily for 3-6 weeks.
- #29 Basal cell carcinoma – Diagnosis & treatment – Mayo Clinichttps://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/basal-cell-carcinoma/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20354193
The goal of treatment for basal cell carcinoma is to remove the cancer completely. Which treatment is best for you depends on the type, location and size of your cancer, as well as your preferences and ability to do follow-up visits. Treatment selection can also depend on whether this is a first-time or a recurring basal cell carcinoma. […] Basal cell carcinoma is most often treated with surgery to remove all of the cancer and some of the healthy tissue around it. […] Options might include: […] Surgical excision. In this procedure, your doctor cuts out the cancerous lesion and a surrounding margin of healthy skin. The margin is examined under a microscope to be sure there are no cancer cells. […] Mohs surgery. During Mohs surgery, your doctor removes the cancer layer by layer, examining each layer under the microscope until no abnormal cells remain. This allows the surgeon to be certain the entire growth is removed and avoid taking an excessive amount of surrounding healthy skin.
- #30 Basal Cell Carcinoma: What it is, Symptoms & Treatmenthttps://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/4581-basal-cell-carcinoma
Basal cell carcinoma is a type of skin cancer that causes a lump, bump or lesion to form on the outside layer of your skin (epidermis). Treatment to remove cancer from your skin leads to a positive outlook. […] Your provider will treat basal cell carcinoma by removing cancer from your body. To remove cancer, your treatment options could include: Electrodessication and curettage: Scraping off the cancerous lump with a curette and then burning with a special electric needle. Surgery: Removing the cancerous lump or lesion with a scalpel (excision or Mohs surgery). Cryotherapy or cryosurgery: Freezing the cancerous lump to remove it. Chemotherapy: Using powerful medicines to kill cancerous cells in your body. Photodynamic therapy (PDT): Applying blue light and a light-sensitive agent to your skin. Laser therapy: Using lasers (high-energy beams) to remove cancer instead of using a scalpel.
- #31 Basal Cell Carcinoma Treatmenthttps://www.skincancer.org/skin-cancer-information/basal-cell-carcinoma/bcc-treatment-options/
When detected early, most basal cell carcinomas (BCCs) can be treated and cured. Prompt treatment is vital, because as the tumor grows, it becomes more dangerous and potentially disfiguring, requiring more extensive treatment. Certain rare, aggressive forms can be fatal if not treated promptly. […] If youâve been diagnosed with a small or early BCC, a number of effective treatments can usually be performed on an outpatient basis, using a local anesthetic with minimal pain. Afterwards, most wounds can heal naturally, leaving minimal scarring. […] Curettage and electrodesiccation can be effective for most small BCC lesions. In these instances, the procedure has cure rates close to 95 percent. […] Mohs surgery is the gold standard, the most effective technique for removing BCCs, harming minimal healthy tissue while achieving the highest possible cure rate â up to 99 percent on tumors treated for the first time.
- #32 Basal Cell Carcinoma – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelfhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK482439/
Basal cell carcinoma is the most common cutaneous malignancy, affecting close to one in five Americans. Although rarely fatal, basal cell carcinoma can be highly destructive and disfigure local tissues when treatment is inadequate or delayed. This activity describes the risk factors, evaluation, and management of basal cell carcinoma and highlights the role of the interprofessional team in enhancing care delivery for affected patients. […] The current mainstay of BCC treatment involves surgical modalities such as excision, electrodesiccation and curettage (EDC), cryosurgery, and Mohs micrographic surgery. Such methods are typically reserved for localized BCC and offer high 5-year cure rates, generally over 95%. […] Therapy selection depends on the patient’s age and gender as well as the site, size, and type of lesion. No single treatment method is ideal for all lesions or all patients. A biopsy should be performed in all patients with suspected BCC to confirm the diagnosis and determine the histologic subtype. The main goals of BCC treatment are (1) to completely remove the tumor to prevent recurrence at a later date, (2) to correct any functional impairment resulting from the tumor, and (3) to give the best cosmetic result to the patient, especially because most BCCs are on the face.
- #33 Post-Surgical Care for Basal Cell Carcinoma: Tips for Optimal Healinghttps://cenladerm.com/post-surgical-care-for-basal-cell-carcinoma-tips-for-optimal-healing/
Discomfort and pain are common after BCC surgery, but various pain management strategies can help alleviate symptoms and improve comfort levels. […] For more severe discomfort, prescription pain medications or topical anesthetics may be prescribed. […] While most cases of basal cell carcinoma surgery heal without complications, its essential to monitor for any signs of infection, delayed healing, or other issues that may arise. […] Early detection and prompt treatment of complications are critical for successful recovery and optimal outcomes. […] Proper nutrition and hydration play a vital role in supporting the bodys healing process after BCC surgery. […] After basal cell carcinoma surgery, ongoing follow-up care and monitoring are essential for long-term skin health and cancer surveillance.
- #34 Basal cell carcinoma – Diagnosis & treatment – Mayo Clinichttps://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/basal-cell-carcinoma/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20354193
Sometimes other treatments might be recommended in certain situations, such as if you’re unable to undergo surgery or if you don’t want to have surgery. […] Other treatments include: […] Curettage and electrodessication (C and E). C and E treatment involves removing the surface of the skin cancer with a scraping instrument (curet) and then searing the base of the cancer with an electric needle. […] Radiation therapy. Radiation therapy uses high-energy beams, such as X-rays and protons, to kill cancer cells. […] Freezing. This treatment involves freezing cancer cells with liquid nitrogen (cryosurgery). It may be an option for treating superficial skin lesions. […] Topical treatments. Prescription creams or ointments might be considered for treating small and thin basal cell carcinomas when surgery isn’t an option.
- #35 Basal cell carcinoma – Diagnosis & treatment – Mayo Clinichttps://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/basal-cell-carcinoma/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20354193
Photodynamic therapy. Photodynamic therapy combines photosensitizing drugs and light to treat superficial skin cancers. […] Very rarely, basal cell carcinoma may spread (metastasize) to nearby lymph nodes and other areas of the body. Additional treatment options in this situation include: […] Targeted drug therapy. Targeted drug treatments focus on specific weaknesses present within cancer cells. […] Chemotherapy. Chemotherapy uses powerful drugs to kill cancer cells. It might be an option when other treatments haven’t helped.
- #36 Basal Cell Carcinoma Treatment & Management: Approach Considerations, Surgical Modalities and Guidelines, Topical Treatmentshttps://emedicine.medscape.com/article/276624-treatment
For tumors that are more difficult to treat (ie, infiltrative BCC, morpheaform [sclerosing] BCC, micronodular BCC, and recurrent BCC) or those in which sparing normal (noncancerous) tissue is paramount, Mohs micrographic surgery should be considered and discussed with the patient. […] Radiation therapy is a primary treatment option in patients who are not surgical candidates. […] A Hedgehog pathway inhibitor (HHI) can be used to treat patients with locally advanced BCC who are not candidates for surgery or radiation therapy, or whose disease has recurred after surgery or radiation therapy, and those with metastatic BCC. […] The goal of therapy for patients with BCC is removal of the tumor with the best possible cosmetic result. […] National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) guidelines recommend treating low-risk BCC in nonhair-bearing areas with curettage and electrodessication.
- #37 Basal Cell Carcinoma Treatment & Management: Approach Considerations, Surgical Modalities and Guidelines, Topical Treatmentshttps://emedicine.medscape.com/article/276624-treatment
The American Academy of Dermatology, in collaboration with the American College of Mohs Surgery, the American Society for Dermatologic Surgery Association, and the American Society for Mohs Surgery, has developed appropriate use criteria for Mohs micrographic surgery. […] Several topical creams are used in the management of BCC that is nonrecurring and superficial. […] NCCN guidelines state that low-risk patients with superficial BCCs who cannot undergo surgery or radiation can be treated with topical therapies, although the cure rate may not be as high. […] Imiquimod 5% cream (Aldara) is approved by the US Food and Drug Administration for the treatment of nonfacial superficial BCC. […] Photodynamic therapy (PDT) has been approved in over 18 countries worldwide for use in at least one nonmelanoma skin cancer, including BCCs. […] The NCCN guideline supports RT for patients whose condition is appropriate, with the reservation that in order to achieve its benefits (high cure rates and good comesis), it must be administered carefully and with attention to algorithm details by well-trained specialists.
- #38 Skin Cancer: Melanoma, Basal Cell, and Squamous Cell Carcinomahttps://www.webmd.com/melanoma-skin-cancer/skin-cancer
Because of the complexity of treatment decisions, people with malignant melanoma may benefit from the combined expertise of the dermatologist, a cancer surgeon, and an oncologist. […] The side effects from your skin cancer treatment will depend on the type of treatment you receive. But there are some common issues, such as: Fatigue, Pain from surgery or other treatments, Chemotherapy side effects such as low blood counts, nausea, and vomiting, Skin rash from immunotherapy, Headache or high blood pressure from targeted therapy, Problems sleeping, Blistering and peeling from radiation, Changes in skin color, Hair loss in the area you’re treating, Swelling, scars, or bleeding. […] The cancer coming back (recurrence). Some types of cancer, such as basal cell carcinomas, commonly come back, even after treatment.
- #39 Skin cancer types: Basal cell carcinoma self-carehttps://www.aad.org/diseases/skin-cancer/basal-cell-carcinoma-self-care
Once youve had basal cell carcinoma (BCC), you have a higher risk of developing another skin cancer, including melanoma, the most serious skin cancer. […] To help you reduce this risk and find skin cancer early, dermatologists recommend the following to their patients who have had basal cell carcinoma: […] Keep all your dermatology appointments. Your dermatologist will tell you how often you will need to come in. During these appointments, your dermatologist will check you for signs of skin cancer. […] Learn how to examine your own skin for signs of skin cancer, and do this as often as your dermatologist recommends. The purpose of the skin self-exam is to find skin cancer early when its most treatable. […] Protect your skin from the sun. While many people feel that the damage has already been done once they develop skin cancer, protecting your skin from the sun has benefits. Sun protection can prevent further damage to your skin and may allow your body to repair some of the existing damage.
- #40https://www.nursingcenter.com/journalarticle?Article_ID=5495029&Journal_ID=849729&Issue_ID=5494960
Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is the most common form of skin cancer in the United States, with an estimated 4.3 million cases diagnosed each year. […] This article discusses the most current literature for dermatology nurses on the epidemiology, assessment, and treatment of BCC with the focus on early detection and management to lower morbidity and offer better patient outcomes. […] The selection of a treatment method for BCC must take into account four factors: tumor size, location, histology, and history (recurrent vs. primary; James et al., 2011). Other considerations include preference of the patient and perineural invasion, as evidenced by the presence of pain. […] Surgical removal of BCC is considered first-line therapy, with the gold standard being Mohs micrographic surgery. […] Monitoring for recurrence is important in the management of patients with a history of BCC. For these patients, thorough skin checks should be performed at least annually, with a close inspection of previously treated BCC locations.
- #41 Basal Cell and Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinomas: Diagnosis and Treatment | AAFPhttps://www.aafp.org/pubs/afp/issues/2020/0915/p339.html
Consider cryotherapy for low-risk BCC when more effective therapies are contraindicated or impractical. […] If surgical excision of BCC is not feasible, contraindicated, or not preferred by the patient, radiotherapy is an additional treatment option. […] Topical imiquimod (Aldara), an immunomodulator, is approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for treatment of superficial BCC, but not for other BCC subtypes. […] Rates of clinical and histologic cure at one year range from 60% to 80%. […] National Cancer Care Network guidelines recommend the excision of low-risk primary CSCC with a 4- to 6-mm margin of uninvolved skin around the tumor. […] Mohs micrographic surgery is an appropriate option for high-risk tumors or tumors in sensitive anatomic locations. […] Electrodesiccation and curettage or cryotherapy may be considered for smaller, low-risk lesions. […] After diagnosis, screening of the patient for new primary skin cancers, including BCC, CSCC, and melanoma, should be performed at least once per year.
- #42 Basal Cell Carcinoma: Risk Factors | Mass General Brighamhttps://www.massgeneralbrigham.org/en/about/newsroom/articles/basal-cell-carcinoma-risk-factors
Its a good idea to check your skin every month for changes. Depending on your risk factors, you may want to get an annual skin cancer check. Ask your care team if this is something they would recommend. […] Protect your skin from the sun and get regular skin checks to prevent basal cell carcinoma. Steps you can take for prevention include: […] If you have questions or concerns about unusual changes on your skin, be sure to notify your care team. […] The good news? Remember that basal cell carcinoma is usually easy to treat. The five-year survival rate is an amazing 100%, says Dr. Demehri.
- #43 Basal Cell Carcinoma: What it is, Symptoms & Treatmenthttps://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/4581-basal-cell-carcinoma
If you dont receive treatment for basal cell carcinoma, the skin cancer can slowly grow in size and invade deeper tissues like muscle and bone and cartilage. The BCC may become painful and ulcerated, which can cause bleeding and infection. […] While all cases of basal cell carcinoma cant be prevented, you can take steps to reduce your risk by: Avoiding sun exposure from 10 a.m. to 4 p.m. Avoiding tanning beds. Using sunscreen with an SPF of 30 or higher each day and reapply sunscreen every two hours throughout the day if youre outdoors or participating in activities like swimming. Wearing clothing that has built-in sun protection (UPF), broad-brimmed hats and sunglasses. Performing a skin self-exam once per month to check for any unusual lumps or lesions. Visiting a dermatologist annually for a skin examination. Contacting your healthcare provider if you have any questions about your skin or changes to your skin. Taking nicotinamide (vitamin B3) 500 milligrams twice a day can reduce the risk of developing new BCC and SCC. […] The prognosis for people diagnosed with basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is excellent. BCC will rarely spread to other areas of your body and cause harm.
- #44 Skin cancer types: Basal cell carcinoma self-carehttps://www.aad.org/diseases/skin-cancer/basal-cell-carcinoma-self-care
Avoid the sun whenever possible. When youre outdoors during the day, seek shade and try to avoid being outdoors when the sun is strongest, between 10:00 a.m. and 2:00 p.m. […] Protect your skin by wearing sunscreen every single day. Even when its cloudy, raining, or snowing outdoors, wear sunscreen that offers broad-spectrum protection, SPF 30 or higher, and water resistance. […] Wear clothing that protects your skin from the sun. Before going outdoors during the day, you want to put on a wide-brimmed hat and sunglasses. […] Never use a tanning bed or other indoor tanning equipment. Indoor tanning is not safer than the sun. In fact, the UV rays from tanning beds and other indoor tanning equipment tends to be stronger than the suns UV rays.
- #45 Treating Basal & Squamous Cell Skin Cancer | Squamous Cell Treatment | American Cancer Societyhttps://www.cancer.org/cancer/types/basal-and-squamous-cell-skin-cancer/treating.html
Most basal and squamous cell cancers (as well as pre-cancers) are treated by dermatologists doctors who specialize in treating skin diseases. […] You might have many other specialists on your treatment team as well, including physician assistants (PAs), nurse practitioners (NPs), nurses, pharmacists, nutrition specialists, social workers, and other health professionals. […] Its important to discuss all of your treatment options, including their goals and possible side effects, with your doctors to help make the decision that best fits your needs. […] Be sure to talk to your cancer care team about any method you are thinking about using. They can help you learn what is known (or not known) about the method, which can help you make an informed decision. […] People with cancer need support and information, no matter what stage of illness they may be in. Knowing all of your options and finding the resources you need will help you make informed decisions about your care.
- #46 Treating Basal & Squamous Cell Skin Cancer | Squamous Cell Treatment | American Cancer Societyhttps://www.cancer.org/cancer/types/basal-and-squamous-cell-skin-cancer/treating.html
Different types of programs and support services may be helpful, and they can be an important part of your care. These might include nursing or social work services, financial aid, nutritional advice, rehab, or spiritual help. […] Even if you choose not to treat the cancer, you can still get supportive care to help with pain or other symptoms. […] Nursing care and special equipment can make staying at home a workable option for many families.
- #47 Basal Cell Carcinoma – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelfhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK482439/
Mohs surgery provides the best long-term cure rate of any treatment modality for BCC. MMS is the gold standard for treating high-risk BCCs and recurrent BCCs because of its high cure rate and tissue-sparing benefit. […] Postoperative pathologic analysis with permanent sections follows standard surgical excision. Four-millimeter margins are typically adequate for well-circumscribed tumors that are less than 2 centimeters in diameter. […] In specific populations, such as the immune-suppressed, the elderly, and those with poor baseline functional status and cases of metastatic, advanced, recalcitrant, or cosmetically sensitive disease, nonsurgical management may be a desirable alternative. […] Basal cell cancer is best managed by an interprofessional team that includes a dermatologist, mohs surgeon, plastic surgeon, nurse practitioner, primary care provider, and a dermatopathologist. Basal cell carcinomas typically have a slow growth rate and tend to be locally invasive. Tumors around the nose and eye can lead to vision loss. In most cases, surgical excision is curative. However, because recurrences can occur, these patients need long-term follow up.
- #48 Treating Basal & Squamous Cell Skin Cancer | Squamous Cell Treatment | American Cancer Societyhttps://www.cancer.org/cancer/types/basal-and-squamous-cell-skin-cancer/treating.html
Most basal and squamous cell cancers (as well as pre-cancers) are treated by dermatologists doctors who specialize in treating skin diseases. […] You might have many other specialists on your treatment team as well, including physician assistants (PAs), nurse practitioners (NPs), nurses, pharmacists, nutrition specialists, social workers, and other health professionals. […] Its important to discuss all of your treatment options, including their goals and possible side effects, with your doctors to help make the decision that best fits your needs. […] Be sure to talk to your cancer care team about any method you are thinking about using. They can help you learn what is known (or not known) about the method, which can help you make an informed decision. […] People with cancer need support and information, no matter what stage of illness they may be in. Knowing all of your options and finding the resources you need will help you make informed decisions about your care.
- #49 Basal Cell Carcinoma | Harold C. Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center | Condition | UT Southwestern Medical Centerhttps://utswmed.org/conditions-treatments/basal-cell-carcinoma/
The experienced skin cancer specialists at UT Southwestern Medical Center deliver expert care to patients with all types and stages of basal cell carcinoma. […] Our specialized team offers an exceptional level of skill and expertise as well as innovative, science-based therapies to people with basal cell carcinoma. […] Its important that they are entirely removed to prevent recurrence in the same area. […] Our experts diagnose and treat all types of skin cancer from the most common to the very rare and deliver the advanced screening, precise diagnostics, and pioneering treatments that are leading to better-than-ever patient outcomes. […] An integrated, multidisciplinary team that includes dermatologists, surgical and radiation oncologists, medical oncologists, pathologists, and radiologists all of whom take a personalized, evidence-based approach to skin cancer diagnosis and care.
- #50 Basal Cell Carcinomahttps://www.onealcanceruab.org/cancer-types/basal-cell-carcinoma/
The UAB ONeal Comprehensive Cancer Center brings the expertise of an interdisciplinary team to every patient we treat. And we treat every type of cancer, including basal cell carcinoma. That means your treatment plan is personalized for you and coordinated by our team of cancer doctors and experts that specialize in skin cancer. […] The UAB ONeal Comprehensive Cancer Center team believes that theres a lot more to fighting cancer than just getting rid of cancer cells through treatment. We believe that comprehensive, holistic cancer care includes other aspects of your life that may have an impact on your overall well-being. After all, cancer changes everything. At UAB, you have a personalized team to support you. […] A team of specialists, including doctors, nurses, nutritionists, and mental health providers, meeting together weekly to plan a course of action specific to you. […] Supportive Care Clinic […] Cancer Patient Navigators Program […] Cancer Support Services […] Cancer Rehabilitation Program […] Cardio-Oncology Program […] Arts in Medicine […] Fertility Preservation […] Genetic Counseling.
- #51 Basal Cell Carcinoma Treatment – Northeast Georgia Health Systemhttps://www.nghs.com/cancer/skin-cancer/basal-cell-carcinoma
BCC cancer treatment can have a number of side effects, including skin irritation, redness, swelling, and tingling. Those who undergo radiotherapy may have additional effects, such as fatigue and nausea. Our cancer rehabilitation services are specifically designed to help cancer patients overcome the challenges of cancer and cancer treatment. […] Need help determining your next steps after a basal cell carcinoma diagnosis? Our team of cancer care navigators is here to help guide you through the process.
- #52 What Happens if You Donât Remove Basal Cell Carcinoma?https://dermatologyseattle.com/what-happens-if-you-dont-remove-basal-cell-carcinoma/
BCC can significantly affect your quality of life if it leads to disfigurement or functional impairment. […] The choice of removal method depends on several factors, including the BCC’s characteristics, location, and individual health considerations. […] Your dermatologist will assess your specific situation and recommend the most suitable approach. […] After removing BCC, it’s important to take good care of your skin to heal well and get the best results. […] Follow your healthcare provider’s instructions for wound care. […] Protecting your skin from the sun is crucial, especially after BCC removal. […] Attend all scheduled follow-up appointments with your healthcare provider. […] Healing takes time, and the appearance of the treated area may continue to improve over several weeks to months. […] After recovering from BCC removal, it’s essential to continue practicing good skin health habits. […] Remember that early detection and treatment offer the best outcomes for BCC and help reduce the risk of recurrence.
- #53 Basal Cell Carcinomahttps://www.saralmind.com/pcl-2nd-year/medical-and-surgical-nursing-i-theory-/anatomy-and-physiology-of-the-skin/basal-cell-carcinoma
Skin cancer of the basal cell carcinoma variety exists. […] A nurse should look for any deviations from the patient’s usual skin characteristics by examining the patient’s skin’s color, texture, turgor, and pigmentation. […] Look for deviations from typical skin parameters in the patient’s skin’s color, texture, turgor, and pigmentation. […] Establish the patient’s radiation exposure history, and make sure to inquire about their employment history. […] Encourage thorough grooming to support the patient’s sense of self-worth and body image. […] By allowing the patient to participate in decision-making, you may accept their look and cultivate a healthy self-image. […] Encourage the patient to express their worries and fears out loud, respond to any inquiries, and provide reassurance when necessary.
- #54 Basal Cell Carcinoma: Symptoms & Treatment | Vaiahttps://www.vaia.com/en-us/explanations/nursing/human-anatomy/basal-cell-carcinoma/
A nurse caring for a patient with basal cell carcinoma is responsible for monitoring the patient’s condition, administering prescribed treatments, offering health education about the disease and its management, and providing emotional support to the patient and family. […] Post-surgery nursing care can include wound management, pain control, providing emotional support and giving advice on the prevention of future skin cancers.
- #55 Basal Cell Carcinoma | Harold C. Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center | Condition | UT Southwestern Medical Centerhttps://utswmed.org/conditions-treatments/basal-cell-carcinoma/
Radiation therapy uses external radiation delivered by beams of high-energy X-rays to target and destroy basal cell carcinoma cells and prevent them from growing. […] Targeted therapies are drugs that target and destroy abnormal characteristics of basal cell carcinoma cells without harming noncancerous cells. […] UT Southwesterns Harold C. Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center offers a comprehensive range of support services to help our patients and their loved ones through skin cancer treatment and beyond.
- #56 Basal Cell Cancer, Information, Resourceshttps://www.cancercare.org/diagnosis/basal_cell_cancer
Cancer Care provides free, professional support services for people affected by basal cell cancer, as well as basal cell cancer treatment information and additional resources. […] Oncology social workers help you cope with the emotional and practical challenges of basal cell cancer. […] We currently do not offer a basal cell cancer specific group. You may consider joining our general online support groups for people with cancer. […] Read or order our free Connect booklets and fact sheets offering easy-to-read information about the latest cancer treatments, managing side effects and coping with cancer. […] We currently don’t have any Ask Cancer Care Q As specifically about basal cell cancer. View all of our general interest QA’s or ask a question. […] For Basal Cell Cancer, contact the Basal Cell Carcinoma Nevus Syndrome Life Support Network at 267.689.6443 or visit gorlinsyndrome.org.
- #57 Basal Cell Carcinoma Nursing Care Plan collage_of_basal_cell_carcinomaâ¦https://coggle.it/diagram/XpItE-pGhxNZnPCQ/t/basal-cell-carcinoma-nursing-care-plan-basal_cell_carcinoma
avoid people with known infection or recently vaccinated […] instruct all personnel to maintain hygiene when entering or exiting the room […] avoid procedures of the rectum vagina […] use stool softers to prevent constipation straining […] assist the patient maintain personal hygiene […] instruct patient to use electric razor to avoid skin breakdown […] encourage ambulation unless contraindicated […] avoid fruits, raw meat, fish, vegetables if absolute WBC count 1000/mm […] fresh fruits vegetables harbor bacteria cannot be removed by normal washing […] Nursing diagnosis […] Risk for infection […] Evaluation […] Demonstrate normal vital signs […] Fever subsides […] Deterioration of inflammation, local oedema, erythema, pain and warmth […] Ordinary sound breaths […] pathologic bacteria are longer present […] uses electric razor […] skin breakdown is no longer present […] no signs of septicaemia […] normal cardiac output and arterial pressures.
- #58 Basal Cell Carcinoma Nursing Care Plan collage_of_basal_cell_carcinomaâ¦https://coggle.it/diagram/XpItE-pGhxNZnPCQ/t/basal-cell-carcinoma-nursing-care-plan-basal_cell_carcinoma
avoid people with known infection or recently vaccinated […] instruct all personnel to maintain hygiene when entering or exiting the room […] avoid procedures of the rectum vagina […] use stool softers to prevent constipation straining […] assist the patient maintain personal hygiene […] instruct patient to use electric razor to avoid skin breakdown […] encourage ambulation unless contraindicated […] avoid fruits, raw meat, fish, vegetables if absolute WBC count 1000/mm […] fresh fruits vegetables harbor bacteria cannot be removed by normal washing […] Nursing diagnosis […] Risk for infection […] Evaluation […] Demonstrate normal vital signs […] Fever subsides […] Deterioration of inflammation, local oedema, erythema, pain and warmth […] Ordinary sound breaths […] pathologic bacteria are longer present […] uses electric razor […] skin breakdown is no longer present […] no signs of septicaemia […] normal cardiac output and arterial pressures.
- #59 Post-Surgical Care for Basal Cell Carcinoma: Tips for Optimal Healinghttps://cenladerm.com/post-surgical-care-for-basal-cell-carcinoma-tips-for-optimal-healing/
Post-surgical care is a crucial component of basal cell carcinoma treatment, ensuring optimal healing and long-term skin health. […] By following dermatologist-recommended guidelines for wound care, pain management, monitoring for complications, and maintaining overall health, you can support the healing process and minimize the risk of complications.
- #60https://www.nursingcenter.com/journalarticle?Article_ID=5495029&Journal_ID=849729&Issue_ID=5494960
In summary, BCC is a common dermatologic disease that will be frequently encountered by dermatology nurses. Therefore, it is crucial for these clinicians to be knowledgeable in the assessment and management of these cancers. Early detection and treatment results in lower morbidity and better patient outcomes.
- #61https://www.nursingcenter.com/journalarticle?Article_ID=5495029&Journal_ID=849729&Issue_ID=5494960
Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is the most common form of skin cancer in the United States, with an estimated 4.3 million cases diagnosed each year. […] This article discusses the most current literature for dermatology nurses on the epidemiology, assessment, and treatment of BCC with the focus on early detection and management to lower morbidity and offer better patient outcomes. […] The selection of a treatment method for BCC must take into account four factors: tumor size, location, histology, and history (recurrent vs. primary; James et al., 2011). Other considerations include preference of the patient and perineural invasion, as evidenced by the presence of pain. […] Surgical removal of BCC is considered first-line therapy, with the gold standard being Mohs micrographic surgery. […] Monitoring for recurrence is important in the management of patients with a history of BCC. For these patients, thorough skin checks should be performed at least annually, with a close inspection of previously treated BCC locations.
- #62https://www.nursingcenter.com/journalarticle?Article_ID=5495029&Journal_ID=849729&Issue_ID=5494960
In summary, BCC is a common dermatologic disease that will be frequently encountered by dermatology nurses. Therefore, it is crucial for these clinicians to be knowledgeable in the assessment and management of these cancers. Early detection and treatment results in lower morbidity and better patient outcomes.
- #63 Basal Cell Carcinoma – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelfhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK482439/
Mohs surgery provides the best long-term cure rate of any treatment modality for BCC. MMS is the gold standard for treating high-risk BCCs and recurrent BCCs because of its high cure rate and tissue-sparing benefit. […] Postoperative pathologic analysis with permanent sections follows standard surgical excision. Four-millimeter margins are typically adequate for well-circumscribed tumors that are less than 2 centimeters in diameter. […] In specific populations, such as the immune-suppressed, the elderly, and those with poor baseline functional status and cases of metastatic, advanced, recalcitrant, or cosmetically sensitive disease, nonsurgical management may be a desirable alternative. […] Basal cell cancer is best managed by an interprofessional team that includes a dermatologist, mohs surgeon, plastic surgeon, nurse practitioner, primary care provider, and a dermatopathologist. Basal cell carcinomas typically have a slow growth rate and tend to be locally invasive. Tumors around the nose and eye can lead to vision loss. In most cases, surgical excision is curative. However, because recurrences can occur, these patients need long-term follow up.
- #64 Treating Basal & Squamous Cell Skin Cancer | Squamous Cell Treatment | American Cancer Societyhttps://www.cancer.org/cancer/types/basal-and-squamous-cell-skin-cancer/treating.html
Most basal and squamous cell cancers (as well as pre-cancers) are treated by dermatologists doctors who specialize in treating skin diseases. […] You might have many other specialists on your treatment team as well, including physician assistants (PAs), nurse practitioners (NPs), nurses, pharmacists, nutrition specialists, social workers, and other health professionals. […] Its important to discuss all of your treatment options, including their goals and possible side effects, with your doctors to help make the decision that best fits your needs. […] Be sure to talk to your cancer care team about any method you are thinking about using. They can help you learn what is known (or not known) about the method, which can help you make an informed decision. […] People with cancer need support and information, no matter what stage of illness they may be in. Knowing all of your options and finding the resources you need will help you make informed decisions about your care.
- #65 Treating Basal & Squamous Cell Skin Cancer | Squamous Cell Treatment | American Cancer Societyhttps://www.cancer.org/cancer/types/basal-and-squamous-cell-skin-cancer/treating.html
Different types of programs and support services may be helpful, and they can be an important part of your care. These might include nursing or social work services, financial aid, nutritional advice, rehab, or spiritual help. […] Even if you choose not to treat the cancer, you can still get supportive care to help with pain or other symptoms. […] Nursing care and special equipment can make staying at home a workable option for many families.
- #66 Christie Brinkley and skin cancer: Basal cell carcinoma explainedhttps://health.ucdavis.edu/news/headlines/christie-brinkley-and-skin-cancer-basal-cell-carcinoma-explained/2024/03
With early detection and treatment, almost all basal cell carcinomas can be successfully removed without complications. […] It’s important to discuss with your provider all your treatment options, including your treatment goals and possible side effects. UC Davis Health’s Department of Dermatology has many skin experts who can help answer your questions and find a treatment plan that works best for you.