Materiały źródłowe

• #1 Breath-Holding Spells | Rady Children’s Hospital

  https://www.rchsd.org/health-article/breath-holding-spells/

  A breath holding spell is when a child holds their breath, usually after being angry, frustrated, startled, or in pain. Sometimes the breath holding leads to the child passing out. […] Breath-holding spells happen in healthy children from 6 months to 6 years old. Theyre most common when kids are 618 months old, and tend to run in families. […] Your doctor can work with you on ways to try to limit your childs spells. If your child typically has a breath-holding spell after crying, you can try to prevent your child from getting upset. For example, you can: Make sure your child doesnt get too tired or hungry. Try to use calm discipline methods. […] Remind yourself that the breath-holding spells are not harmful and that your child will outgrow them. If you are very worried about the spells, talking to a mental health professional can help you find ways to cope.

• #2 Breath holding

  https://www.rch.org.au/kidsinfo/fact_sheets/Breath_holding/?hc_location=ufi

  Breath holding is common, especially in children aged six months to six years old. […] It is important to remember the spell is not harmful and your child will start breathing again on their own. […] While a breath-holding spell is frightening to see, breath holding is not a medical emergency. It is not harmful, and your child will start breathing again on their own. You can care for your child at home during and after a spell. […] Sometimes children will throw a tantrum and hold their breath when they don’t get their way or can’t have a toy or treat. Distraction may be a good way of avoiding a tantrum and preventing a breath-holding spell. […] Helping your child to learn to deal with frustration, fear, and anger may help. Encourage them to use their words when they are beginning to get angry or frustrated, and try to ensure they aren’t overtired. […] Your doctor may want to check your child’s iron levels and may start an iron supplement to try and reduce the frequency of spells.

• #3 What Are Breath-Holding Spells in Kids? | Children’s Hospital Colorado

  https://www.childrenscolorado.org/just-ask-childrens/articles/breath-holding-spells/

  Watching your child have a breath-holding spell can be scary and overwhelming. These spells occur in about 5% of healthy children, and about 20% to 33% of children with breath-holding spells have a family history of them. […] It is important to know that this is something a child cant control, and you cant prevent them from occurring. They will only occur when your child is awake and do not occur during sleep. […] You can help keep your child safe when they have a breath-holding spell by following these steps: Help your child lie flat on their side during a spell. Stay with them until the spell ends and they start breathing again. Make sure there isnt anything around your child that they could hit their heads, arms or legs on. Do not put anything in your childs mouth because it could make them choke or vomit. Try to remain calm. The spell should last less than 1 minute. Call 911 if your child is not breathing for more than 1 minute, as this could indicate something else is going on that might require immediate medical attention, such as choking or a seizure. […] Although breath-holding spells are often frightening for caregivers, they do not cause brain damage or any other harm, and your child will outgrow them.

• #4 Breath-Holding Spells – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK539782/

  Breath-holding spells commonly affect up to 5% of all infants. While they are benign, they might be a frightening experience for children and, consequently, for their caregivers. Breath-holding episodes usually follow an inciting event in which the patient is disciplined, angry, or irritated, followed by crying and breath-holding, resulting in the loss of consciousness. These episodes can be reduced by distracting the child and avoiding the triggers. […] The frequency of these episodes can be decreased by distracting the child, avoiding emotional triggers, and providing psychosocial help to parents and children. […] Parents should be educated on handling the events and receive reassurance that breath-holding spells have no long-term effects. Given some parental stress levels associated with these episodes, parents may also benefit from a counselor if these episodes create stress and affect family dynamics. In addition, parents should receive assistance to cope with the stress and should be educated about discipline techniques. […] Since breath-holding spells do not have any long-term effects, parents should be advised to minimize their attention to the episodes to keep the child from developing behavioral problems.

• #5 Breath-Holding Spells | CommonSpirit Health

  https://www.commonspirit.org/conditions-treatments/breath-holding-spells

  Breath-holding spells are brief periods when young children stop breathing for up to 1 minute. These spells often cause a child to pass out (lose consciousness). Breath-holding spells usually occur when a young child is angry, frustrated, in pain, or afraid. But the spell is a reflex. Children don’t have breath-holding spells on purpose. […] Most children don’t need treatment for breath-holding spells. Spells will go away as your child gets older. If your doctor thinks that a medical condition is causing the spells, your child may need treatment. […] To decrease the chance of more spells, make sure that your child gets plenty of rest, and try to help your child feel secure. Be sure to tell your child’s doctor if your child starts to have spells more often or if they seem worse or different than before.

• #6 Breath holding

  https://www.rch.org.au/kidsinfo/fact_sheets/Breath_holding/?hc_location=ufi

  Breath holding is common, especially in children aged six months to six years old. […] It is important to remember the spell is not harmful and your child will start breathing again on their own. […] While a breath-holding spell is frightening to see, breath holding is not a medical emergency. It is not harmful, and your child will start breathing again on their own. You can care for your child at home during and after a spell. […] Sometimes children will throw a tantrum and hold their breath when they don’t get their way or can’t have a toy or treat. Distraction may be a good way of avoiding a tantrum and preventing a breath-holding spell. […] Helping your child to learn to deal with frustration, fear, and anger may help. Encourage them to use their words when they are beginning to get angry or frustrated, and try to ensure they aren’t overtired. […] Your doctor may want to check your child’s iron levels and may start an iron supplement to try and reduce the frequency of spells.

• #7 Breath-holding spell: MedlinePlus Medical EncyclopediaLock

  https://medlineplus.gov/ency/article/000967.htm

  Some children have breath-holding spells. This is an involuntary stop in breathing that is not in the child’s control. […] Babies as young as 2 months old and up to 2 years old can start having breath-holding spells. Some children have severe spells. […] Breath-holding can be a frightening experience for parents. If your child has been diagnosed with breath-holding spells, take the following steps: During a spell, make sure your child is in a safe place where they will not fall or be hurt. Place a cold cloth on your child’s forehead during a spell to help shorten the episode. After the spell, try to be calm. Avoid giving too much attention to the child, as this can reinforce the behaviors that led to the spell. Avoid situations that cause your child’s temper tantrums. This can help reduce the number of spells. Ignore breath-holding spells that do not cause your child to faint. Ignore the spell in the same way you ignore temper tantrums. […] Most children outgrow breath-holding spells by the time they are 4 to 8 years old.

• #8 Breath-holding spells factsheet | The Sydney Children’s Hospitals Network

  https://www.schn.health.nsw.gov.au/breath-holding-spells-factsheet

  Breath-holding spells cannot be prevented. However, parents and caregivers can help their child manage big feelings that may lead to a spell. […] Strategies to manage breath-holding spells can include: distracting your child immediately after something upsetting like a fall or vaccination, give your child comfort after frightening or upsetting events, show your child how to breathe slowly and calmly when they are upset, encourage your child to tell you how they are feeling through words, signs or pictures, make sure your child is getting enough sleep, and they are eating well. […] If you are concerned about your child’s ability to manage big feelings and breath-holding spells, speak to your local doctor.

• #9 Preventing Breath-Holding Spells in Children – Mitchell, Whittaker and Wu

  https://doctorsalexandriava.com/patient-education-library/healthwise?DOCHWID=aa39778

  Preventing Breath-Holding Spells in Children […] Parents may be able to prevent some spells by seeing that their child gets plenty of rest and feels secure. Here are some ways to help your child. […] Have regular rest times for your child during the day. […] Ensure that your child gets adequate sleep at night. […] Have regular daily routines for your child. […] Keep your home atmosphere calm. […] Allow your child to make some simple choices. […] Praise your child for behaving appropriately and meeting your expectations. […] Encourage your child to play alone. […] As children learn to deal with frustration, fear, and anger, breath-holding spells become less frequent. […] If you have succeeded in preventing some of your child’s breath-holding spells, problem behavior may remain. Here are some tips to help your child.

• #10 Breath-Holding Spells | Rady Children’s Hospital

  https://www.rchsd.org/health-article/breath-holding-spells/

  A breath holding spell is when a child holds their breath, usually after being angry, frustrated, startled, or in pain. Sometimes the breath holding leads to the child passing out. […] Breath-holding spells happen in healthy children from 6 months to 6 years old. Theyre most common when kids are 618 months old, and tend to run in families. […] Your doctor can work with you on ways to try to limit your childs spells. If your child typically has a breath-holding spell after crying, you can try to prevent your child from getting upset. For example, you can: Make sure your child doesnt get too tired or hungry. Try to use calm discipline methods. […] Remind yourself that the breath-holding spells are not harmful and that your child will outgrow them. If you are very worried about the spells, talking to a mental health professional can help you find ways to cope.

• #11 Breath-Holding Spells in Infants: Crucial Points

  https://flo.health/being-a-mom/your-baby/baby-health-and-safety/breath-holding-spells-in-infants

  Hunger and dropping blood sugar levels can also precipitate temper tantrums and emotional upset. Plan a consistent schedule of meals and snacks that keep your baby well fuelled throughout the day and less vulnerable to crankiness. […] Child psychology plays a big part in how well you deal with breath-holding spells. It’s important to develop effective methods for calming your baby when he or she becomes upset so it does not escalate into breath-holding. […] As a final note, be alert to your bundle of joy using breath-holding to manipulate you or your partner! Once a child realizes the impact breath-holding has on their parents, its very common for them to start using it as a bargaining chip when they cant get what they want. If youre very clear with your baby that this wont result in any special treatment, theyll quickly abandon the tactic.

• #12 Breath-holding spells in children | Raising Children Network

  https://raisingchildren.net.au/babies/behaviour/common-concerns/breath-holding

  Breath-holding spells usually end within 30-60 seconds, when children stop holding their breath and start to cry or scream. […] You cant prevent breath-holding, but you might be able to prevent the events leading up to breath-holding. […] Try distracting your child in situations where they might have a breath-holding spell. […] Help older children learn to recognise emotions like frustration. If your child can recognise, understand and manage emotions, it might stop the emotions turning into the anger or fear that triggers breath-holding.

• #13 Is it normal that my child holds her breath to the point of passing out?

  https://www.babycenter.com/child/behavior/is-it-normal-that-my-child-holds-her-breath-to-the-point-of_3652490

  Some young children do have spells in which they stop breathing, sometimes until they pass out. This is called a breath holding spell or a breath holding attack. […] Breath holding spells can be very distressing to parents, but they usually aren’t a sign of a serious problem. Still, you should talk to your child’s doctor about it the first time it happens. […] You can try to prevent these spells by distracting your child when she seems to be getting upset, frustrated, or afraid. Sing a silly song or give her something else to do. […] When your child starts holding her breath, make sure she’s in a safe place where she won’t be hurt if she falls. Then try to look the other way and ignore the breath holding. Stay calm and matter of fact before and after the spell. Getting upset or paying too much attention can reinforce some of the behaviors (such as tantrums) that lead to the breath holding spells. […] Fortunately, most kids outgrow these spells by the time preschool rolls around, although some do continue up to age 8.

• #14 Breath Holding Spells: Do This When Your Upset Child Hoods Breath

  https://www.webmd.com/children/children-breath-holding

  Your childs doctor may teach you how to spot triggers that cause the spells, so you may prevent them. […] Sometimes, blowing hard on your babys face can interrupt a breath-holding spell. But this wont work for every baby, and it may not work for older children. […] If temper tantrums set off breath-holding attacks, your doctor may help you figure out a new way to set limits for your child. Take care not to give in to your child just to avoid a spell. This can lead to behavior problems that may last even after they’re outgrown their breath-holding spells.

• #15 Breath holding

  https://www.rch.org.au/kidsinfo/fact_sheets/Breath_holding/?hc_location=ufi

  Breath holding is common, especially in children aged six months to six years old. […] It is important to remember the spell is not harmful and your child will start breathing again on their own. […] While a breath-holding spell is frightening to see, breath holding is not a medical emergency. It is not harmful, and your child will start breathing again on their own. You can care for your child at home during and after a spell. […] Sometimes children will throw a tantrum and hold their breath when they don’t get their way or can’t have a toy or treat. Distraction may be a good way of avoiding a tantrum and preventing a breath-holding spell. […] Helping your child to learn to deal with frustration, fear, and anger may help. Encourage them to use their words when they are beginning to get angry or frustrated, and try to ensure they aren’t overtired. […] Your doctor may want to check your child’s iron levels and may start an iron supplement to try and reduce the frequency of spells.

• #16

  https://myhealth.alberta.ca/Health/pages/conditions.aspx?hwid=aa39778

  Parents may be able to prevent some spells by seeing that their child gets plenty of rest and feels secure. Here are some ways to help your child. […] As children learn to deal with frustration, fear, and anger, breath-holding spells become less frequent. […] If you have succeeded in preventing some of your child’s breath-holding spells, problem behaviour may remain. Here are some tips to help your child. […] Remind yourself that breath-holding spells are not hurting the child and that the child will grow out of them in time.

• #17 Breath-holding spells factsheet | The Sydney Children’s Hospitals Network

  https://www.schn.health.nsw.gov.au/breath-holding-spells-factsheet

  Breath-holding spells cannot be prevented. However, parents and caregivers can help their child manage big feelings that may lead to a spell. […] Strategies to manage breath-holding spells can include: distracting your child immediately after something upsetting like a fall or vaccination, give your child comfort after frightening or upsetting events, show your child how to breathe slowly and calmly when they are upset, encourage your child to tell you how they are feeling through words, signs or pictures, make sure your child is getting enough sleep, and they are eating well. […] If you are concerned about your child’s ability to manage big feelings and breath-holding spells, speak to your local doctor.

• #18 Preventing Breath-Holding Spells in Children – Mitchell, Whittaker and Wu

  https://doctorsalexandriava.com/patient-education-library/healthwise?DOCHWID=aa39778

  Preventing Breath-Holding Spells in Children […] Parents may be able to prevent some spells by seeing that their child gets plenty of rest and feels secure. Here are some ways to help your child. […] Have regular rest times for your child during the day. […] Ensure that your child gets adequate sleep at night. […] Have regular daily routines for your child. […] Keep your home atmosphere calm. […] Allow your child to make some simple choices. […] Praise your child for behaving appropriately and meeting your expectations. […] Encourage your child to play alone. […] As children learn to deal with frustration, fear, and anger, breath-holding spells become less frequent. […] If you have succeeded in preventing some of your child’s breath-holding spells, problem behavior may remain. Here are some tips to help your child.

• #19 Preventing Breath-Holding Spells in Children – Mitchell, Whittaker and Wu

  https://doctorsalexandriava.com/patient-education-library/healthwise?DOCHWID=aa39778

  Do not overreact to your child’s negative behavior. […] Do not overreact to breath-holding spells. […] Suggest an alternative way to express feelings of frustration, anger, or fear when your child begins a breath-holding spell. […] Acknowledge your child’s behavior and feelings after the breath-holding spell. […] Avoid overprotecting or sheltering the child from the normal frustrations of childhood. […] Remind yourself that breath-holding spells are not hurting the child and that the child will grow out of them in time. […] Be firm, fair, and consistent when establishing discipline for your child. […] If you struggle with any of these issues, parenting classes or counseling can sometimes be helpful.

• #20 Breath-Holding Spells | Rady Children’s Hospital

  https://www.rchsd.org/health-article/breath-holding-spells/

  A breath holding spell is when a child holds their breath, usually after being angry, frustrated, startled, or in pain. Sometimes the breath holding leads to the child passing out. […] Breath-holding spells happen in healthy children from 6 months to 6 years old. Theyre most common when kids are 618 months old, and tend to run in families. […] Your doctor can work with you on ways to try to limit your childs spells. If your child typically has a breath-holding spell after crying, you can try to prevent your child from getting upset. For example, you can: Make sure your child doesnt get too tired or hungry. Try to use calm discipline methods. […] Remind yourself that the breath-holding spells are not harmful and that your child will outgrow them. If you are very worried about the spells, talking to a mental health professional can help you find ways to cope.

• #21 Preventing Breath-Holding Spells in Children – Mitchell, Whittaker and Wu

  https://doctorsalexandriava.com/patient-education-library/healthwise?DOCHWID=aa39778

  Preventing Breath-Holding Spells in Children […] Parents may be able to prevent some spells by seeing that their child gets plenty of rest and feels secure. Here are some ways to help your child. […] Have regular rest times for your child during the day. […] Ensure that your child gets adequate sleep at night. […] Have regular daily routines for your child. […] Keep your home atmosphere calm. […] Allow your child to make some simple choices. […] Praise your child for behaving appropriately and meeting your expectations. […] Encourage your child to play alone. […] As children learn to deal with frustration, fear, and anger, breath-holding spells become less frequent. […] If you have succeeded in preventing some of your child’s breath-holding spells, problem behavior may remain. Here are some tips to help your child.

• #22 What Are Breath-Holding Spells in Kids? | Children’s Hospital Colorado

  https://www.childrenscolorado.org/just-ask-childrens/articles/breath-holding-spells/

  Watching your child have a breath-holding spell can be scary and overwhelming. These spells occur in about 5% of healthy children, and about 20% to 33% of children with breath-holding spells have a family history of them. […] It is important to know that this is something a child cant control, and you cant prevent them from occurring. They will only occur when your child is awake and do not occur during sleep. […] You can help keep your child safe when they have a breath-holding spell by following these steps: Help your child lie flat on their side during a spell. Stay with them until the spell ends and they start breathing again. Make sure there isnt anything around your child that they could hit their heads, arms or legs on. Do not put anything in your childs mouth because it could make them choke or vomit. Try to remain calm. The spell should last less than 1 minute. Call 911 if your child is not breathing for more than 1 minute, as this could indicate something else is going on that might require immediate medical attention, such as choking or a seizure. […] Although breath-holding spells are often frightening for caregivers, they do not cause brain damage or any other harm, and your child will outgrow them.

• #23 Breath-holding spell: MedlinePlus Medical EncyclopediaLock

  https://medlineplus.gov/ency/article/000967.htm

  Some children have breath-holding spells. This is an involuntary stop in breathing that is not in the child’s control. […] Babies as young as 2 months old and up to 2 years old can start having breath-holding spells. Some children have severe spells. […] Breath-holding can be a frightening experience for parents. If your child has been diagnosed with breath-holding spells, take the following steps: During a spell, make sure your child is in a safe place where they will not fall or be hurt. Place a cold cloth on your child’s forehead during a spell to help shorten the episode. After the spell, try to be calm. Avoid giving too much attention to the child, as this can reinforce the behaviors that led to the spell. Avoid situations that cause your child’s temper tantrums. This can help reduce the number of spells. Ignore breath-holding spells that do not cause your child to faint. Ignore the spell in the same way you ignore temper tantrums. […] Most children outgrow breath-holding spells by the time they are 4 to 8 years old.

• #24 Breath-holding spell: MedlinePlus Medical EncyclopediaLock

  https://medlineplus.gov/ency/article/000967.htm

  Some children have breath-holding spells. This is an involuntary stop in breathing that is not in the child’s control. […] Babies as young as 2 months old and up to 2 years old can start having breath-holding spells. Some children have severe spells. […] Breath-holding can be a frightening experience for parents. If your child has been diagnosed with breath-holding spells, take the following steps: During a spell, make sure your child is in a safe place where they will not fall or be hurt. Place a cold cloth on your child’s forehead during a spell to help shorten the episode. After the spell, try to be calm. Avoid giving too much attention to the child, as this can reinforce the behaviors that led to the spell. Avoid situations that cause your child’s temper tantrums. This can help reduce the number of spells. Ignore breath-holding spells that do not cause your child to faint. Ignore the spell in the same way you ignore temper tantrums. […] Most children outgrow breath-holding spells by the time they are 4 to 8 years old.

• #25 Breath-holding in babies and children

  https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/breath-holding-in-babies-and-children/

  Breath-holding is when a baby or child stops breathing for up to 1 minute and may faint. It can happen when a child is frightened, upset, angry, or has a sudden shock or pain. It’s usually harmless but can be scary for parents, particularly when it happens for the first time. […] Breath-holding can be scary for parents, but it’s usually harmless and your child should grow out of it by the age of 4 or 5. […] There are some things you can do when a child has a breath-holding episode. […] stay calm it should pass in less than 1 minute […] lie the child on their side do not pick them up […] stay with them until the episode ends […] make sure they cannot hit their head, arms or legs on anything […] act normally after an episode, reassure them and ensure they get plenty of rest. […] Your child has already been diagnosed with breath-holding and: has episodes more often than before or they seem worse […] their breath-holding episodes are affecting everyday life. […] There’s no specific treatment for breath-holding. It should eventually stop by the time your child is 4 or 5 years old. […] Breath-holding is sometimes related to iron deficiency anaemia.

• #26 What Are Breath-Holding Spells in Kids? | Children’s Hospital Colorado

  https://www.childrenscolorado.org/just-ask-childrens/articles/breath-holding-spells/

  Watching your child have a breath-holding spell can be scary and overwhelming. These spells occur in about 5% of healthy children, and about 20% to 33% of children with breath-holding spells have a family history of them. […] It is important to know that this is something a child cant control, and you cant prevent them from occurring. They will only occur when your child is awake and do not occur during sleep. […] You can help keep your child safe when they have a breath-holding spell by following these steps: Help your child lie flat on their side during a spell. Stay with them until the spell ends and they start breathing again. Make sure there isnt anything around your child that they could hit their heads, arms or legs on. Do not put anything in your childs mouth because it could make them choke or vomit. Try to remain calm. The spell should last less than 1 minute. Call 911 if your child is not breathing for more than 1 minute, as this could indicate something else is going on that might require immediate medical attention, such as choking or a seizure. […] Although breath-holding spells are often frightening for caregivers, they do not cause brain damage or any other harm, and your child will outgrow them.

• #27 Breath-holding in babies and children

  https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/breath-holding-in-babies-and-children/

  Breath-holding is when a baby or child stops breathing for up to 1 minute and may faint. It can happen when a child is frightened, upset, angry, or has a sudden shock or pain. It’s usually harmless but can be scary for parents, particularly when it happens for the first time. […] Breath-holding can be scary for parents, but it’s usually harmless and your child should grow out of it by the age of 4 or 5. […] There are some things you can do when a child has a breath-holding episode. […] stay calm it should pass in less than 1 minute […] lie the child on their side do not pick them up […] stay with them until the episode ends […] make sure they cannot hit their head, arms or legs on anything […] act normally after an episode, reassure them and ensure they get plenty of rest. […] Your child has already been diagnosed with breath-holding and: has episodes more often than before or they seem worse […] their breath-holding episodes are affecting everyday life. […] There’s no specific treatment for breath-holding. It should eventually stop by the time your child is 4 or 5 years old. […] Breath-holding is sometimes related to iron deficiency anaemia.

• #28 Breath-Holding Spells Information & Treatment

  https://www.columbiadoctors.org/health-library/condition/breath-holding-spells/

  Breath-holding spells are usually not serious and don’t cause lasting damage. With time, they go away on their own. […] To decrease the chance of more spells, make sure that your child gets plenty of rest, and try to help your child feel secure. Be sure to tell your child’s doctor if your child starts to have spells more often or if they seem worse or different than before. […] If you have trouble dealing with your child’s spells or find yourself getting angry, talk with your doctor or a counselor. Try to keep in mind that your child isn’t having spells on purpose.

• #29 Breath holding spells: Types, causes, and prevention

  https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/breath-holding-spells

  Breath holding spells involve a child holding their breath, turning flushed or pale in the face, or losing consciousness. […] Breath holding spells are a symptom of certain genetic syndromes, such as 16p11.2 microdeletion syndrome and Riley-Day syndrome. […] There are several strategies caregivers can try that may prevent breath holding spells. They include: distracting the child in situations that may trigger breath holding, giving the child plenty of warning when things are about to change, comforting the child when they are frightened or having a difficult experience, helping older children learn to recognize emotions such as anger and frustration by naming them and exploring how they feel in the body, trying to prevent the child from becoming overtired or hungry if those situations trigger episodes. […] A child that regularly has breath holding spells should have a checkup with a healthcare professional to rule out medical conditions.

• #30 Breath holding

  https://www.rch.org.au/kidsinfo/fact_sheets/Breath_holding/?hc_location=ufi

  Breath holding is common, especially in children aged six months to six years old. […] It is important to remember the spell is not harmful and your child will start breathing again on their own. […] While a breath-holding spell is frightening to see, breath holding is not a medical emergency. It is not harmful, and your child will start breathing again on their own. You can care for your child at home during and after a spell. […] Sometimes children will throw a tantrum and hold their breath when they don’t get their way or can’t have a toy or treat. Distraction may be a good way of avoiding a tantrum and preventing a breath-holding spell. […] Helping your child to learn to deal with frustration, fear, and anger may help. Encourage them to use their words when they are beginning to get angry or frustrated, and try to ensure they aren’t overtired. […] Your doctor may want to check your child’s iron levels and may start an iron supplement to try and reduce the frequency of spells.

• #31 Children with breath-holding spells undergo unnecessary diagnostic interventions | Lund University

  https://www.lunduniversity.lu.se/article/children-breath-holding-spells-undergo-unnecessary-diagnostic-interventions

  We expect the number of ECG investigations to decrease significantly with our guidelines, and the use of EEG is not suggested at all. At the same time, we hope to see more blood tests to check for iron deficiency or anaemia, which is desirable given the link between abnormal blood counts and breath-holding spells.

• #32 Breath-holding spell – Wikipedia

  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Breath-holding_spell

  Breath-holding spells (BHS) are the occurrence of episodic apnea in children, possibly associated with syncope (loss of consciousness and changes in postural tone). […] The most important approach is to reassure the family, because witnessing a breath-holding spell is a frightening experience for observers. There is no definitive treatment available or needed for breath-holding spells, as the child will eventually outgrow them. […] Two articles on breath-holding spells strongly suggest that parents consider having their child be tested by electrocardiogram for the rare, but real possibility that the BHS episodes are actually a symptom of prolonged QT-syndrome, a serious but treatable form of cardiac arrhythmia.

• #33 Baby Breath Holding: Causes, Diagnosis, Treatment, and Outlook

  https://www.healthline.com/health/parenting/baby-holding-breath

  Breath holding affects 0.1% to 4.6% of otherwise healthy young children. It typically starts occurring between 6 and 18 months of age. […] If breath holding increases in frequency or interferes with daily activities, your child’s doctor may refer them to a neurologist (brain specialist) and cardiologist (heart specialist). These healthcare professionals can rule out an underlying medical condition. […] In some cases, breath holding may be related to iron deficiency anemia. In these cases, an iron supplement may help decrease the frequency of breath holding. […] However, always discuss any medications or supplements with a doctor first before giving them to your child.

• #34 Breath-Holding Spells – Child Neurology Foundation

  https://www.childneurologyfoundation.org/disorder/breath-holding-spells/

  Breath-holding spells are short spells of time during which a child stops breathing. They are commonly mistaken for seizures. […] This condition is seen in about 1 in 25 children during the first few years of life. […] There are two types of breath-holding spells. Both types may occur in the same child at different times. […] These spells may last longer than a minute. […] No treatment is needed for isolated, rare, or infrequent events. […] It is important to reassure and counsel parents. They should understand the benign nature of these spells. […] No long-term neurological or health issues occur as a consequence of having breath-holding spells in childhood. […] There is not an increased risk of having epileptic seizures associated with breath-holding spells. […] Overall, outlook is excellent for both types of breath-holding spells.

• #35 Breath-Holding Spells | Kaiser Permanente

  https://healthy.kaiserpermanente.org/health-wellness/health-encyclopedia/he.breath-holding-spells.hw31827

  Breath-holding spells are usually not serious and don’t cause lasting damage. With time, they go away on their own. […] To decrease the chance of more spells, make sure that your child gets plenty of rest, and try to help your child feel secure. Be sure to tell your child’s doctor if your child starts to have spells more often or if they seem worse or different than before. […] If your doctor thinks that a medical condition is causing the spells, your child may need treatment.

• #36 Breath-Holding Spells – Children’s Health Issues – Merck Manual Consumer Version

  https://www.merckmanuals.com/home/children-s-health-issues/behavioral-problems-in-children/breath-holding-spells

  A breath-holding spell is an episode in which the child involuntarily stops breathing and loses consciousness for a short period immediately after a frightening or emotionally upsetting event or a painful experience. […] Breath-holding spells usually are triggered by physically painful or emotionally upsetting events. […] Tantrums, often a component of breath-holding spells, may be prevented by distracting the child and avoiding situations known to trigger the spells. […] Parents must try to avoid reinforcing the initiating behavior. At the same time, parents should not avoid providing appropriate structure for children out of fear of causing spells. Distracting children and avoiding situations that lead to tantrums are the best ways of preventing and treating these spells. […] A doctor may recommend iron supplements for a child who has cyanotic breath-holding spells, even when the child does not have iron-deficiency anemia, and treatment for obstructive sleep apnea (if the child has it). […] Because this form causes symptoms similar to those of certain heart and brain disorders, doctors may need to do a diagnostic evaluation to rule out those disorders if the spells occur often.

• #37 Breath holding

  https://www.rch.org.au/kidsinfo/fact_sheets/Breath_holding/?hc_location=ufi

  Breath holding is common, especially in children aged six months to six years old. […] It is important to remember the spell is not harmful and your child will start breathing again on their own. […] While a breath-holding spell is frightening to see, breath holding is not a medical emergency. It is not harmful, and your child will start breathing again on their own. You can care for your child at home during and after a spell. […] Sometimes children will throw a tantrum and hold their breath when they don’t get their way or can’t have a toy or treat. Distraction may be a good way of avoiding a tantrum and preventing a breath-holding spell. […] Helping your child to learn to deal with frustration, fear, and anger may help. Encourage them to use their words when they are beginning to get angry or frustrated, and try to ensure they aren’t overtired. […] Your doctor may want to check your child’s iron levels and may start an iron supplement to try and reduce the frequency of spells.

• #38 Baby Breath Holding: Causes, Diagnosis, Treatment, and Outlook

  https://www.healthline.com/health/parenting/baby-holding-breath

  Breath holding affects 0.1% to 4.6% of otherwise healthy young children. It typically starts occurring between 6 and 18 months of age. […] If breath holding increases in frequency or interferes with daily activities, your child’s doctor may refer them to a neurologist (brain specialist) and cardiologist (heart specialist). These healthcare professionals can rule out an underlying medical condition. […] In some cases, breath holding may be related to iron deficiency anemia. In these cases, an iron supplement may help decrease the frequency of breath holding. […] However, always discuss any medications or supplements with a doctor first before giving them to your child.

• #39 Breath-Holding Spells – Children’s Health Issues – Merck Manual Consumer Version

  https://www.merckmanuals.com/home/children-s-health-issues/behavioral-problems-in-children/breath-holding-spells

  A breath-holding spell is an episode in which the child involuntarily stops breathing and loses consciousness for a short period immediately after a frightening or emotionally upsetting event or a painful experience. […] Breath-holding spells usually are triggered by physically painful or emotionally upsetting events. […] Tantrums, often a component of breath-holding spells, may be prevented by distracting the child and avoiding situations known to trigger the spells. […] Parents must try to avoid reinforcing the initiating behavior. At the same time, parents should not avoid providing appropriate structure for children out of fear of causing spells. Distracting children and avoiding situations that lead to tantrums are the best ways of preventing and treating these spells. […] A doctor may recommend iron supplements for a child who has cyanotic breath-holding spells, even when the child does not have iron-deficiency anemia, and treatment for obstructive sleep apnea (if the child has it). […] Because this form causes symptoms similar to those of certain heart and brain disorders, doctors may need to do a diagnostic evaluation to rule out those disorders if the spells occur often.

• #40 Breath-Holding Spells – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/books/NBK539782/

  Breath-holding spells commonly affect up to 5% of all infants. While they are benign, they might be a frightening experience for children and, consequently, for their caregivers. Breath-holding episodes usually follow an inciting event in which the patient is disciplined, angry, or irritated, followed by crying and breath-holding, resulting in the loss of consciousness. These episodes can be reduced by distracting the child and avoiding the triggers. […] Parents should be educated on handling the events and receive reassurance that breath-holding spells have no long-term effects. Given some parental stress levels associated with these episodes, parents may also benefit from a counselor if these episodes create stress and affect family dynamics. In addition, parents should receive assistance to cope with the stress and should be educated about discipline techniques. […] Since breath-holding spells do not have any long-term effects, parents should be advised to minimize their attention to the episodes to keep the child from developing behavioral problems.

• #41 Breath-Holding Spells – Child Neurology Foundation

  https://www.childneurologyfoundation.org/disorder/breath-holding-spells/

  Breath-holding spells are short spells of time during which a child stops breathing. They are commonly mistaken for seizures. […] This condition is seen in about 1 in 25 children during the first few years of life. […] There are two types of breath-holding spells. Both types may occur in the same child at different times. […] These spells may last longer than a minute. […] No treatment is needed for isolated, rare, or infrequent events. […] It is important to reassure and counsel parents. They should understand the benign nature of these spells. […] No long-term neurological or health issues occur as a consequence of having breath-holding spells in childhood. […] There is not an increased risk of having epileptic seizures associated with breath-holding spells. […] Overall, outlook is excellent for both types of breath-holding spells.

• #42 Preventing Breath-Holding Spells in Children – Mitchell, Whittaker and Wu

  https://doctorsalexandriava.com/patient-education-library/healthwise?DOCHWID=aa39778

  Do not overreact to your child’s negative behavior. […] Do not overreact to breath-holding spells. […] Suggest an alternative way to express feelings of frustration, anger, or fear when your child begins a breath-holding spell. […] Acknowledge your child’s behavior and feelings after the breath-holding spell. […] Avoid overprotecting or sheltering the child from the normal frustrations of childhood. […] Remind yourself that breath-holding spells are not hurting the child and that the child will grow out of them in time. […] Be firm, fair, and consistent when establishing discipline for your child. […] If you struggle with any of these issues, parenting classes or counseling can sometimes be helpful.

• #43 Breath-Holding Spells | Rady Children’s Hospital

  https://www.rchsd.org/health-article/breath-holding-spells/

  A breath holding spell is when a child holds their breath, usually after being angry, frustrated, startled, or in pain. Sometimes the breath holding leads to the child passing out. […] Breath-holding spells happen in healthy children from 6 months to 6 years old. Theyre most common when kids are 618 months old, and tend to run in families. […] Your doctor can work with you on ways to try to limit your childs spells. If your child typically has a breath-holding spell after crying, you can try to prevent your child from getting upset. For example, you can: Make sure your child doesnt get too tired or hungry. Try to use calm discipline methods. […] Remind yourself that the breath-holding spells are not harmful and that your child will outgrow them. If you are very worried about the spells, talking to a mental health professional can help you find ways to cope.

• #44 Breath Holding Spells: Do This When Your Upset Child Hoods Breath

  https://www.webmd.com/children/children-breath-holding

  Your childs doctor may teach you how to spot triggers that cause the spells, so you may prevent them. […] Sometimes, blowing hard on your babys face can interrupt a breath-holding spell. But this wont work for every baby, and it may not work for older children. […] If temper tantrums set off breath-holding attacks, your doctor may help you figure out a new way to set limits for your child. Take care not to give in to your child just to avoid a spell. This can lead to behavior problems that may last even after they’re outgrown their breath-holding spells.

• #45 Breath-Holding Spells – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/books/NBK539782/

  Breath-holding spells commonly affect up to 5% of all infants. While they are benign, they might be a frightening experience for children and, consequently, for their caregivers. Breath-holding episodes usually follow an inciting event in which the patient is disciplined, angry, or irritated, followed by crying and breath-holding, resulting in the loss of consciousness. These episodes can be reduced by distracting the child and avoiding the triggers. […] Parents should be educated on handling the events and receive reassurance that breath-holding spells have no long-term effects. Given some parental stress levels associated with these episodes, parents may also benefit from a counselor if these episodes create stress and affect family dynamics. In addition, parents should receive assistance to cope with the stress and should be educated about discipline techniques. […] Since breath-holding spells do not have any long-term effects, parents should be advised to minimize their attention to the episodes to keep the child from developing behavioral problems.

• #46 When Your Child Has Breath-Holding Spells 

  http://healthlibrary.umcno.org/Library/PreventionGuidelines/3,89553

  Your child is having breath-holding spells. During a breath-holding spell, your child holds their breath for a while before briefly losing consciousness. Breath-holding spells often happen after a trauma or an emotional upset. They occur most often in children under age 3. Breath-holding spells can be scary for both parents and children. But they are not usually a serious problem. And they often stop by the time your child is 5 or 6 years old. […] Even though breath-holding spells can be scary, they are rarely dangerous. To prevent them, you might be tempted to shield your child from too much excitement or strong emotion. But it’s important to treat your child normally and set appropriate boundaries. […] The good news is that breath-holding spells usually go away after age 5. They won’t cause brain damage or other problems. And they don’t make your child more likely to have health problems later in life.

• #47 Breath holding

  https://www.rch.org.au/kidsinfo/fact_sheets/Breath_holding/?hc_location=ufi

  Breath holding is common, especially in children aged six months to six years old. […] It is important to remember the spell is not harmful and your child will start breathing again on their own. […] While a breath-holding spell is frightening to see, breath holding is not a medical emergency. It is not harmful, and your child will start breathing again on their own. You can care for your child at home during and after a spell. […] Sometimes children will throw a tantrum and hold their breath when they don’t get their way or can’t have a toy or treat. Distraction may be a good way of avoiding a tantrum and preventing a breath-holding spell. […] Helping your child to learn to deal with frustration, fear, and anger may help. Encourage them to use their words when they are beginning to get angry or frustrated, and try to ensure they aren’t overtired. […] Your doctor may want to check your child’s iron levels and may start an iron supplement to try and reduce the frequency of spells.

• #48 Breath-Holding Spells | Rady Children’s Hospital

  https://www.rchsd.org/health-article/breath-holding-spells/

  A breath holding spell is when a child holds their breath, usually after being angry, frustrated, startled, or in pain. Sometimes the breath holding leads to the child passing out. […] Breath-holding spells happen in healthy children from 6 months to 6 years old. Theyre most common when kids are 618 months old, and tend to run in families. […] Your doctor can work with you on ways to try to limit your childs spells. If your child typically has a breath-holding spell after crying, you can try to prevent your child from getting upset. For example, you can: Make sure your child doesnt get too tired or hungry. Try to use calm discipline methods. […] Remind yourself that the breath-holding spells are not harmful and that your child will outgrow them. If you are very worried about the spells, talking to a mental health professional can help you find ways to cope.

• #49 Children with breath-holding spells undergo unnecessary diagnostic interventions | Lund University

  https://www.lunduniversity.lu.se/article/children-breath-holding-spells-undergo-unnecessary-diagnostic-interventions

  We expect the number of ECG investigations to decrease significantly with our guidelines, and the use of EEG is not suggested at all. At the same time, we hope to see more blood tests to check for iron deficiency or anaemia, which is desirable given the link between abnormal blood counts and breath-holding spells.

• #50 Breath holding

  https://www.rch.org.au/kidsinfo/fact_sheets/Breath_holding/?hc_location=ufi

  Breath holding is common, especially in children aged six months to six years old. […] It is important to remember the spell is not harmful and your child will start breathing again on their own. […] While a breath-holding spell is frightening to see, breath holding is not a medical emergency. It is not harmful, and your child will start breathing again on their own. You can care for your child at home during and after a spell. […] Sometimes children will throw a tantrum and hold their breath when they don’t get their way or can’t have a toy or treat. Distraction may be a good way of avoiding a tantrum and preventing a breath-holding spell. […] Helping your child to learn to deal with frustration, fear, and anger may help. Encourage them to use their words when they are beginning to get angry or frustrated, and try to ensure they aren’t overtired. […] Your doctor may want to check your child’s iron levels and may start an iron supplement to try and reduce the frequency of spells.

• #51 Breath Holding Spells

  https://www.pediatriconcall.com/articles/developmental-pediatrics/breath-holding-spells/breath-holding-spells-patient-education

  Breath-holding spells are usually diagnosed clinically. However, seizures and syncope (due to cardiac or vasovagal stimulation) should be considered in the differential diagnosis. […] The most important aspect of treatment consists of parental support and reassurance. Though these episodes are innocuous, they usually cause a lot of parental fear and anxiety. Parents should be told about the involuntary nature of the attacks and cautioned against giving in to the child’s wishes. […] Parents can also be taught how to prevent a spell. Some children can be distracted from their breath-holding if intervened before they become blue by distracting them or making them look at something interesting. […] A behavior modification program may help if a child has frequent tantrums. Parents should be reassured that long term prognosis is very good.

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