Materiały źródłowe

• #1 Vaginitis

  https://encyclopedia.nm.org/Search/85,P00595

  Vaginitis is any inflammation or infection of the vagina. It’s common in women of all ages. About 1 in 3 women have vaginitis at some time in their lives. […] The symptoms of vaginitis can be like other health conditions and can be different for each woman. Make sure to see your healthcare provider for a diagnosis. […] Yeast infection symptoms include: A thick, white, odorless vaginal discharge that is like cottage cheese, Itching and redness of the vulva and vagina, Pain with urination or sex. […] Bacterial vaginosis symptoms include: A thin, white fluid from the vagina, A thick, gray or green fluid from the vagina, Fishy smell to the fluid. […] Trichomoniasis symptoms include: Frothy, greenish-yellow fluid from the vagina that smells musty, Itching or burning in and around the vagina and vulva, Swelling or redness at the opening of the vagina, Light bleeding, especially after sex, Burning when you urinate, Pain in the lower belly (abdomen), Pain during sex, No symptoms, in some cases.

• #2 Pediatric Vulvovaginitis | Children’s Hospital Colorado

  https://www.childrenscolorado.org/conditions-and-advice/conditions-and-symptoms/conditions/pediatric-vulvovaginitis/

  Vulvovaginitis is a condition that causes irritation (such as itching or redness) and/or discharge in the area of the vulva and/or the vagina. […] Common causes of pediatric vulvovagintis are allergic reaction, contact dermatitis and certain types of bacteria. […] Pediatric vulvovaginitis can occur in females of any age, including newborns, toddlers and children. It’s a condition that occurs in girls who are pre-menarchal, which means they have not yet had a menstrual period. […] What are the symptoms of pediatric vulvovaginitis? Itching, burning and pain in the vulva and/or vaginal areas. Vaginal discharge that is yellow or brown. Vaginal bleeding. […] Using the self-care tips above, symptoms usually get better in one to two weeks. […] If your child/teen’s condition does not improve, or if you have new symptoms to report, please call Pediatric and Adolescent Gynecology at 720-777-2667.

• #3 Vaginitis: Causes, Symptoms, Treatment & Prevention

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/9131-vaginitis

  Vaginitis has different symptoms depending on what kind you have. Some may not cause symptoms at all. Its also possible to have multiple types of vaginitis at the same time. […] Certain signs and symptoms can occur in several different kinds of vaginitis. These include: Changes in the color, texture or smell of your vaginal discharge. Vaginal itching, burning or irritation. Your vulva may even appear or feel swollen. Pain when you pee (dysuria). Pain during sex or when inserting tampons. Light bleeding or spotting when youre not on your period. […] Your vaginal discharge provides several clues that may explain what type of vaginitis you have. Pay attention to what you see in your underwear or what you see when you wipe. Discharge that has a strong odor or is clumpy or foamy are signs of infection. Your discharge should be clear, white or off-white. Discharge that appears green or yellow may also point to an infection.

• #4 Vaginitis – Symptoms & causes – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/vaginitis/symptoms-causes/syc-20354707

  Vaginitis signs and symptoms can include: Change in color, odor or amount of discharge from your vagina […] Vaginal itching or irritation […] Pain during sex […] Painful urination […] Light vaginal bleeding or spotting […] If you have vaginal discharge, the characteristics of the discharge might indicate the type of vaginitis you have. Examples include: […] You might develop a grayish-white, foul-smelling discharge. The odor, often described as a fishy odor, might be more obvious after sex […] The main symptom is itching, but you might have a thick white discharge that resembles cottage cheese […] An infection called trichomoniasis (trik-o-moe-NIE-uh-sis) can cause a greenish-yellow, sometimes frothy discharge.

• #5 Vaginitis

  https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/vaginitis/

  Vaginitis is soreness and swelling in and around the vagina. It’s common and usually treatable. Symptoms of vaginitis include: an itchy or sore vagina, vaginal discharge that’s a different colour, smell or thickness to usual, vaginal dryness, pain when peeing or having sex, light vaginal bleeding or spotting, sore, swollen or cracked skin around your vagina. You might not have all these symptoms. […] Treatment for vaginitis depends on the cause. For example, you may need: antifungal medicine for thrush, antibiotics for a sexually transmitted infection, vaginal moisturiser, lubricant or hormone treatment for menopause symptoms, steroid medicine for a skin condition. […] There are things you can do to ease symptoms of vaginitis and reduce your chances of getting it again.

• #6 Vaginitis in adults and adolescents: Initial evaluation – UpToDate

  https://www.uptodate.com/contents/approach-to-females-with-symptoms-of-vaginitis

  Vaginitis is the general term for disorders of the vagina caused by infection, inflammation, or changes in the normal vaginal flora. Symptoms include abnormal vaginal discharge, odor, pruritus, and/or discomfort. The initial evaluation typically consists of a history, physical examination, and tests for specific infections, including sexually transmitted infections (STIs). Individuals whose initial evaluation confirms a diagnosis then receive targeted treatment. Those who remain without a diagnosis, or whose symptoms recur, then go through a more detailed evaluation process. […] Individuals with abnormal vaginal discharge from vaginitis typically present with one or more of the following nonspecific vulvovaginal symptoms: Change in the volume, color, or odor of vaginal discharge; Pruritus; Burning; Irritation; Erythema; Dyspareunia; Spotting; Dysuria.

• #7 Vaginitis | ACOG

  https://www.acog.org/womens-health/faqs/vaginitis

  Vaginitis is an inflammation of the vagina. Vaginitis may cause itching, burning, a bad odor, or a large amount of discharge. […] Symptoms include dryness, itching, and burning. Other symptoms include abnormal vaginal discharge and pain during sex. […] The most common symptoms of a yeast infection are itching and burning of the vulva. The burning may be worse with urination or sex. The vulva may be red and swollen. […] The main symptom is increased discharge with a strong fishy odor. The odor may be stronger during your menstrual period or after sex. The discharge is usually thin and dark or dull gray, but it may have a greenish color. Itching is not common, but there may be itching if there is a lot of discharge. […] Signs of trichomoniasis may include a yellow-gray or green vaginal discharge. The discharge may have a fishy odor. There may be burning, irritation, redness, and swelling of the vulva. Sometimes there is pain during urination.

• #8 Vaginitis: Causes, Symptoms, Treatment & Prevention

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/9131-vaginitis

  Vaginitis has different symptoms depending on what kind you have. Some may not cause symptoms at all. Its also possible to have multiple types of vaginitis at the same time. […] Certain signs and symptoms can occur in several different kinds of vaginitis. These include: Changes in the color, texture or smell of your vaginal discharge. Vaginal itching, burning or irritation. Your vulva may even appear or feel swollen. Pain when you pee (dysuria). Pain during sex or when inserting tampons. Light bleeding or spotting when youre not on your period. […] Your vaginal discharge provides several clues that may explain what type of vaginitis you have. Pay attention to what you see in your underwear or what you see when you wipe. Discharge that has a strong odor or is clumpy or foamy are signs of infection. Your discharge should be clear, white or off-white. Discharge that appears green or yellow may also point to an infection.

• #9 Bacterial Vaginosis (BV): Causes, Symptoms & Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/3963-bacterial-vaginosis

  Bacterial vaginosis may cause your vaginal discharge to have a fishy odor. It can also cause vaginal irritation in some people. Others may not have any symptoms of BV. […] Up to 84% of people with bacterial vaginosis don’t have symptoms. If you do, you may have: Off-white, gray or greenish-colored vaginal discharge. Fishy-smelling vaginal discharge, especially after sex. Vaginal itching or irritation. A burning feeling when you pee. […] Some cases of bacterial vaginosis resolve on their own without any medications. However, if you have symptoms, you should seek medical care. Having BV makes you prone to sexually transmitted infections and can affect pregnancy. […] Most of the time, one round of antibiotics taken for up to seven days eliminates the infection. About 10% to 15% of people need another round of treatment.

• #10 Bacterial vaginosis

  https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/bacterial-vaginosis/

  Symptoms of bacterial vaginosis include: an unusual vaginal discharge that has a strong fishy smell, particularly after sex […] a change to the colour and consistency of your discharge, such as becoming greyish-white and thin and watery. Half of women with bacterial vaginosis do not have any symptoms. Bacterial vaginosis does not usually cause any soreness or itching. It’s common for bacterial vaginosis to come back, usually within a few months. If it comes back, you’ll usually be given more antibiotics to treat it. If you keep getting it (you get it more than 4 times in a year), you may be given an antibiotic gel that you put in your vagina. You may need to use this for a few months to help stop bacterial vaginosis coming back. If you develop bacterial vaginosis in pregnancy, there’s a small chance of complications, such as premature birth or miscarriage. But bacterial vaginosis causes no problems in the majority of pregnancies.

• #11 Vaginitis | Vulvovaginitis | MedlinePlus

  https://medlineplus.gov/vaginitis.html

  Vaginitis, also called vulvovaginitis, is an inflammation or infection of the vagina. It can also affect the vulva, which is the external part of a woman’s genitals. Vaginitis can cause itching, pain, discharge, and odor. […] Vaginitis is common, especially in women in their reproductive years. It usually happens when there is a change in the balance of bacteria or yeast that are normally found in your vagina. There are different types of vaginitis, and they have different causes, symptoms, and treatments. […] The symptoms of vaginitis depend on which type you have. […] With BV, you may not have symptoms. You could have a thin white or gray vaginal discharge. There may be an odor, such as a strong fish-like odor, especially after sex. […] Yeast infections produce a thick, white discharge from the vagina that can look like cottage cheese. The discharge can be watery and often has no smell. Yeast infections usually cause the vagina and vulva to become itchy and red. […] You may not have symptoms when you have trichomoniasis. If you do have them, they include itching, burning, and soreness of the vagina and vulva. You may have burning during urination. You could also have gray-green discharge, which may smell bad.

• #12 Bacterial Vaginosis (BV): Causes, Symptoms & Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/3963-bacterial-vaginosis

  Bacterial vaginosis may cause your vaginal discharge to have a fishy odor. It can also cause vaginal irritation in some people. Others may not have any symptoms of BV. […] Up to 84% of people with bacterial vaginosis don’t have symptoms. If you do, you may have: Off-white, gray or greenish-colored vaginal discharge. Fishy-smelling vaginal discharge, especially after sex. Vaginal itching or irritation. A burning feeling when you pee. […] Some cases of bacterial vaginosis resolve on their own without any medications. However, if you have symptoms, you should seek medical care. Having BV makes you prone to sexually transmitted infections and can affect pregnancy. […] Most of the time, one round of antibiotics taken for up to seven days eliminates the infection. About 10% to 15% of people need another round of treatment.

• #13 Recurrent Bacterial Vaginosis | Baylor Medicine

  https://www.bcm.edu/healthcare/specialties/obstetrics-and-gynecology/ob-gyn-conditions/recurrent-bacterial-vaginosis

  Symptoms may include: […] Vaginal itching, burning or pain when urinating. […] In many cases, women with bacterial vaginosis have no symptoms and only discover the condition through a routine pelvic exam.

• #14 Vaginitis | Boston Children’s Hospital

  https://www.childrenshospital.org/conditions/vaginitis

  Each type has a different cause and may present different symptoms, and more than one type of vaginitis may be present at one time (with or without symptoms). […] While each female may experience symptoms of a yeast infection differently, some of the most common include: a thick, white cottage cheese-like vaginal discharge that is watery and usually odorless, itchiness and redness of the vulva and vagina. […] While each adolescent may experience symptoms of bacterial vaginosis differently, some of the most common include: a milky, thin discharge at times, or a heavy, gray discharge, „fishy” odor of discharge. […] While each adolescent may experience symptoms of trichomoniasis differently, some of the most common include: a frothy, often musty-smelling greenish-yellow discharge, itching in and around the vagina and vulva, burning during urination, discomfort in the lower abdomen, pain during intercourse.

• #15 Vaginitis | Vulvovaginitis | MedlinePlus

  https://medlineplus.gov/vaginitis.html

  Vaginitis, also called vulvovaginitis, is an inflammation or infection of the vagina. It can also affect the vulva, which is the external part of a woman’s genitals. Vaginitis can cause itching, pain, discharge, and odor. […] Vaginitis is common, especially in women in their reproductive years. It usually happens when there is a change in the balance of bacteria or yeast that are normally found in your vagina. There are different types of vaginitis, and they have different causes, symptoms, and treatments. […] The symptoms of vaginitis depend on which type you have. […] With BV, you may not have symptoms. You could have a thin white or gray vaginal discharge. There may be an odor, such as a strong fish-like odor, especially after sex. […] Yeast infections produce a thick, white discharge from the vagina that can look like cottage cheese. The discharge can be watery and often has no smell. Yeast infections usually cause the vagina and vulva to become itchy and red. […] You may not have symptoms when you have trichomoniasis. If you do have them, they include itching, burning, and soreness of the vagina and vulva. You may have burning during urination. You could also have gray-green discharge, which may smell bad.

• #16 Vaginitis

  https://encyclopedia.nm.org/Search/85,P00595

  Vaginitis is any inflammation or infection of the vagina. It’s common in women of all ages. About 1 in 3 women have vaginitis at some time in their lives. […] The symptoms of vaginitis can be like other health conditions and can be different for each woman. Make sure to see your healthcare provider for a diagnosis. […] Yeast infection symptoms include: A thick, white, odorless vaginal discharge that is like cottage cheese, Itching and redness of the vulva and vagina, Pain with urination or sex. […] Bacterial vaginosis symptoms include: A thin, white fluid from the vagina, A thick, gray or green fluid from the vagina, Fishy smell to the fluid. […] Trichomoniasis symptoms include: Frothy, greenish-yellow fluid from the vagina that smells musty, Itching or burning in and around the vagina and vulva, Swelling or redness at the opening of the vagina, Light bleeding, especially after sex, Burning when you urinate, Pain in the lower belly (abdomen), Pain during sex, No symptoms, in some cases.

• #17 Vaginitis: Diagnosis and Treatment | AAFP

  https://www.aafp.org/pubs/afp/issues/2011/0401/p807.html

  Bacterial vaginosis, trichomoniasis, and vulvovaginal candidiasis are the most common infectious causes of vaginitis. […] Atrophic vaginitis, a form of vaginitis caused by estrogen deficiency, produces symptoms of vaginal dryness, itching, irritation, discharge, and dyspareunia. […] Vaginitis is defined as a spectrum of conditions that cause vaginal and sometimes vulvar symptoms, such as itching, burning, irritation, odor, and vaginal discharge. […] Symptoms and signs of trichomoniasis are not specific; diagnosis by microscopy is more reliable. […] Vaginal pH is usually normal (4.0 to 4.5). […] A lack of itching makes diagnosis of vulvovaginal candidiasis unlikely. […] A lack of perceived odor makes bacterial vaginosis unlikely. […] Presence of inflammatory signs is more commonly associated with vulvovaginal candidiasis.

• #18 Vaginitis | Boston Children’s Hospital

  https://www.childrenshospital.org/conditions/vaginitis

  Each type has a different cause and may present different symptoms, and more than one type of vaginitis may be present at one time (with or without symptoms). […] While each female may experience symptoms of a yeast infection differently, some of the most common include: a thick, white cottage cheese-like vaginal discharge that is watery and usually odorless, itchiness and redness of the vulva and vagina. […] While each adolescent may experience symptoms of bacterial vaginosis differently, some of the most common include: a milky, thin discharge at times, or a heavy, gray discharge, „fishy” odor of discharge. […] While each adolescent may experience symptoms of trichomoniasis differently, some of the most common include: a frothy, often musty-smelling greenish-yellow discharge, itching in and around the vagina and vulva, burning during urination, discomfort in the lower abdomen, pain during intercourse.

• #19 Vaginitis | Vulvovaginitis | MedlinePlus

  https://medlineplus.gov/vaginitis.html

  Vaginitis, also called vulvovaginitis, is an inflammation or infection of the vagina. It can also affect the vulva, which is the external part of a woman’s genitals. Vaginitis can cause itching, pain, discharge, and odor. […] Vaginitis is common, especially in women in their reproductive years. It usually happens when there is a change in the balance of bacteria or yeast that are normally found in your vagina. There are different types of vaginitis, and they have different causes, symptoms, and treatments. […] The symptoms of vaginitis depend on which type you have. […] With BV, you may not have symptoms. You could have a thin white or gray vaginal discharge. There may be an odor, such as a strong fish-like odor, especially after sex. […] Yeast infections produce a thick, white discharge from the vagina that can look like cottage cheese. The discharge can be watery and often has no smell. Yeast infections usually cause the vagina and vulva to become itchy and red. […] You may not have symptoms when you have trichomoniasis. If you do have them, they include itching, burning, and soreness of the vagina and vulva. You may have burning during urination. You could also have gray-green discharge, which may smell bad.

• #20 Vaginitis Symptoms, Testing, and Treatment – Philly Keep on Loving

  https://phillykeeponloving.com/vaginitis/

  Vaginitis is a blanket term that describes inflammation in the vagina; it may be caused by an infection. There are three ways that vaginitis presents in the body, and only one (Trich) is known to be spread through sex. Bacterial vaginosis may also cause discharge and is caused by an imbalance or change in the bacteria that naturally occur in the vagina. […] Many people with Trich do not know they have it, as it may have mild or no symptoms. This is why it’s important to get tested regularly for STIs if you’re sexually active. Symptoms may include: Itching, burning, redness or soreness of the vulva or vagina, Burning or discomfort when peeing, Clear, white, yellow, or greenish vaginal discharge with a fishy smell, Discomfort during sex, Thin white or gray vaginal discharge, Itching in and or outside the vagina.

• #21 Vaginitis Causes, Symptoms and Treatments

  https://www.upmc.com/services/womens-health/conditions/vaginitis

  Vaginitis is a common condition involving inflammation or infection of the vagina. It can cause itching, burning, pain, discharge, and bad odor. […] Vaginitis is very common. Each year, 8% of White women and 18% of Black women report symptoms of vaginal discharge, odor, itch, and discomfort. […] Your vaginitis symptoms will depend on the type you have. […] Common types of vaginitis and their symptoms are: Bacterial vaginosis Most people don’t have symptoms, but BV often causes a thin vaginal discharge. The discharge may have a fishy odor that worsens after sex. Your vagina and vulva may also become itchy. […] Trichomoniasis Many people have no symptoms, but it can cause itching, burning, and soreness of the vagina and vulva, as well as burning when you pee. Some people have a frothy, gray-green discharge that smells bad.

• #22 Postmenopausal Atrophic Vaginitis: Symptoms, Treatments and Causes

  https://www.healthline.com/health/atrophic-vaginitis

  Symptoms like vaginal dryness and painful orgasms are common in postmenopausal atrophic vaginitis. If youre experiencing them, an OB-GYN or doctor can prescribe treatments to help. […] Symptoms can include: thinning of the vaginal walls, shortening and tightening of the vaginal canal, lack of vaginal moisture (vaginal dryness), vaginal burning (inflammation), spotting after intercourse, discomfort or pain during intercourse, pain or burning with urination, more frequent urinary tract infections, urinary incontinence (involuntary leakage). […] Atrophic vaginitis increases a womans risk of contracting vaginal infections. Atrophy causes changes in the acidic environment of the vagina, making it easier for bacteria, yeast, and other organisms to thrive. […] Nearly half of postmenopausal people experience atrophic vaginitis, the thinning of the vaginal walls as a result of estrogen reduction. This can cause discomfort during sex, vaginal burning, vaginal dryness, and more.

• #23 Vaginitis: Diagnosis and Treatment | AAFP

  https://www.aafp.org/pubs/afp/issues/2011/0401/p807.html

  Presence of a fishy odor on examination is predictive of bacterial vaginosis. […] Individual symptoms and signs, pH level, and microscopy results often do not lead to an accurate diagnosis of vaginitis. […] Bacterial vaginosis is the most prevalent cause of vaginal discharge or malodor, occurring in up to 30 percent of women. […] More than 50 percent of women with bacterial vaginosis are asymptomatic. […] Bacterial vaginosis is associated with late miscarriages, premature rupture of membranes, and preterm birth. […] Symptoms and signs of trichomoniasis are not specific, and diagnosis by microscopy is more reliable. […] Almost any nitroimidazole drug given orally in a single dose or over a longer period results in parasitologic cure in 90 percent of cases. […] An estimated 75 percent of women will have at least one episode of vulvovaginal candidiasis, and 40 to 45 percent will have two or more. […] Diagnosis of vulvovaginal candidiasis can be classified as uncomplicated or complicated. […] Atrophic vaginitis can manifest clinically with symptoms of vaginal dryness, itching, discharge, irritation, and dyspareunia.

• #24 Overview of Vaginitis – Gynecology and Obstetrics – Merck Manual Professional Edition

  https://www.merckmanuals.com/professional/gynecology-and-obstetrics/vaginitis-cervicitis-and-pelvic-inflammatory-disease/overview-of-vaginitis

  Vaginitis is infectious or noninfectious inflammation of the vaginal mucosa, sometimes with inflammation of the vulva. Symptoms include vaginal discharge, irritation, pruritus, and erythema. […] Vaginitis causes a vaginal discharge that must be distinguished from normal (physiologic) discharge. […] Discharge due to vaginitis is accompanied by pruritus, erythema, and sometimes burning, pain, or mild bleeding. Volume may be small or may increase and even be copious. Pruritus may be severe, even interfering with sleep. Dysuria or dyspareunia may occur. […] In atrophic vaginitis in postmenopausal women or other patients with inflammatory vaginitis, discharge is scant, dyspareunia is common, and vaginal tissue appears thin and dry. […] Although symptoms vary among particular types of vaginitis, there is much overlap. […] In women who are postmenopausal, a marked decrease in estrogen usually causes thinning of the vaginal epithelium, increasing vulnerability to infection and inflammation. […] Decreased estrogen predisposes to inflammatory (particularly atrophic) vaginitis.

• #25 Reddit – The heart of the internet

  https://www.reddit.com/r/TwoXChromosomes/comments/17b0jzo/i_was_diagnosed_with_a_rare_form_of_chronic/

  I was diagnosed with Desquamative inflammatory vaginitis (DIV) about a year ago. It is a rare, chronic vaginitis that doesn’t have a known cause. It took 3 years to get a diagnosis. At this point sex was starting to get painful on one side of my vaginal opening. I was itchy, my discharge was not normal. It was slightly green/yellowish and a weird texture. I was always red, always irritated, always raw, and always itchy. My gyno kept giving me different treatments to try because he had NO idea what was wrong. Nothing treated it. Sex with my boyfriend was pretty much never because it hurt too much. I finally found a journal article about Desquamative inflammatory vaginitis that outlined all of my symptoms. My gyno finally referred me to a specialist who had a research clinic in my area. She diagnosed me with DIV in my first appointment, but it took around a year to get it under control. Reoccurance is very high with DIV, so I still need „maintenance” treatments periodically. My discharge still isn’t like it was before, but the inflammation has cleared up for now. Sex is less painful. I was told this is a chronic condition. […] I think that there’s more women who have this than estimated.

• #26 Vaginitis – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK470302/

  Signs and symptoms of atrophic vaginitis include vaginal dryness, dyspareunia, vaginal inflammation, burning, thin vaginal mucosa, loss of rugae, and, occasionally, purulent discharge. […] Signs and symptoms of desquamative inflammatory vaginitis include profuse, copious, purulent vaginal discharge, often yellow or greenish and sometimes mixed with blood. Additional findings may include intense itching and burning sensation or even pain in the vulvovaginal area, redness and swelling of the vulvovaginal tissues, and dyspareunia. […] The symptoms of mixed vaginitis may vary from person to person and are not specific. Patients with mixed vaginitis experienced a range of symptoms. The most commonly reported issues are alterations in discharge, such as changes in color, consistency, and odor; genital itching; and a burning sensation.

• #27 Practical approach to recurrent vulvovaginitis

  https://www.contemporaryobgyn.net/view/practical-approach-to-recurrent-vulvovaginitis

  Trichomoniasis is the most common non-viral STI in women worldwide. […] Patients may be asymptomatic or present with abnormal yellow green vaginal discharge, inflammatory symptoms such as itching, burning, and dyspareunia. […] DIV, a diagnosis of exclusion, is a chronic vulvovaginitis that is poorly understood. […] It occurs mostly in perimenopausal and postmenopausal women, and may be associated with low estrogen levels. […] Patients may present with vaginal dryness, pain, itching, thin watery discharge, and dyspareunia.

• #28 Vaginitis | University of Utah Health

  https://healthcare.utah.edu/womens-health/gynecology/vaginitis

  Vaginitis occurs when your vagina, or birth canal, is inflamed or irritated. Vaginitis causes itching, discharge, pain, and sometimes odor. […] Symptoms of vaginitis vary, depending on the cause of your vaginal irritation. In general, vaginitis symptoms include: a change in the color, odor, or volume of your vaginal discharge, abdominal pain, discolored or swollen vulva, discomfort during sex, itching, burning, or pain in your vagina or vulva, light vaginal bleeding or spotting, and painful urination. […] Vaginitis can go away on its own. However, adopting a wait-and-see approach is not a good idea unless you know what’s causing your vaginitis. You should get screened for STIs, especially if you’ve had new or multiple sexual partners in the days or weeks before symptoms began. […] With treatment, acute vaginitis should go away within two weeks. Long-term or recurrent vaginitis may last for three to six months.

• #29 Vaginitis | University of Utah Health

  https://healthcare.utah.edu/womens-health/gynecology/vaginitis

  Vaginitis occurs when your vagina, or birth canal, is inflamed or irritated. Vaginitis causes itching, discharge, pain, and sometimes odor. […] Symptoms of vaginitis vary, depending on the cause of your vaginal irritation. In general, vaginitis symptoms include: a change in the color, odor, or volume of your vaginal discharge, abdominal pain, discolored or swollen vulva, discomfort during sex, itching, burning, or pain in your vagina or vulva, light vaginal bleeding or spotting, and painful urination. […] Vaginitis can go away on its own. However, adopting a wait-and-see approach is not a good idea unless you know what’s causing your vaginitis. You should get screened for STIs, especially if you’ve had new or multiple sexual partners in the days or weeks before symptoms began. […] With treatment, acute vaginitis should go away within two weeks. Long-term or recurrent vaginitis may last for three to six months.

• #30 Vaginitis | University of Utah Health

  https://healthcare.utah.edu/womens-health/gynecology/vaginitis

  Vaginitis occurs when your vagina, or birth canal, is inflamed or irritated. Vaginitis causes itching, discharge, pain, and sometimes odor. […] Symptoms of vaginitis vary, depending on the cause of your vaginal irritation. In general, vaginitis symptoms include: a change in the color, odor, or volume of your vaginal discharge, abdominal pain, discolored or swollen vulva, discomfort during sex, itching, burning, or pain in your vagina or vulva, light vaginal bleeding or spotting, and painful urination. […] Vaginitis can go away on its own. However, adopting a wait-and-see approach is not a good idea unless you know what’s causing your vaginitis. You should get screened for STIs, especially if you’ve had new or multiple sexual partners in the days or weeks before symptoms began. […] With treatment, acute vaginitis should go away within two weeks. Long-term or recurrent vaginitis may last for three to six months.

• #31 Vaginitis (Vaginal Infections): Symptoms, Types, Causes, Treatment

  https://www.webmd.com/women/sexual-health-vaginal-infections

  With treatment, vaginitis caused by bacteria or fungus can get better in 2 weeks. Treatment can make the symptoms of viral vaginitis go away, but it won’t cure it. Some people have a hard time getting rid of vaginitis. In these cases, it could take 3-6 months to get better. […] Always talk to a doctor to find out what is causing your vaginitis and how to treat it. Some mild cases can go away on their own, but many require medicine. Not treating vaginitis can cause other problems, like raising your risk of more STIs.

• #32 Vulvovaginitis infection: What does vulvovaginitis look like? – Flo

  https://flo.health/menstrual-cycle/health/symptoms-and-diseases/vulvovaginitis

  If you’ve experienced pain or redness in or around your vulva (the outer parts of your genitalia) or vagina (the internal passage that connects your vulva to your cervix), then you’re certainly not the only one. […] Conditions like urinary tract infections (UTIs), yeast infections, and bacterial vaginosis (BV) are pretty well known and frequently affect lots of people. But what you might not know is that sometimes they’re grouped together and called vulvovaginitis. […] Knowing that vulvar and vaginal conditions are incredibly common (and often simple to diagnose) doesn’t take away from the fact that they can be inconvenient and uncomfortable. It can be annoying and worrying if you notice a new itch, pain, or burning sensation, and if it persists, then you should always reach out to your health care provider.

• #33 What Is Vaginitis? Four Common Types – Advanced Women’s Health

  https://advancedwomenshealthcenter.com/vaginitis/

  Vaginitis involves inflammation in the vaginal area due to infection or an improper balance in vaginal bacteria. Those who experience symptoms complain about pain, unusual discharge and itching. […] Vaginitis varies from person-to-person and can be extremely mild or intensely painful. […] Here is a list of some of the most common symptoms: Irregular bleeding, Itching in the vaginal region, Uncomfortable intercourse, Painful urination, Increased discharge thats different in odor and color. […] Its important to see your doctor whenever you have any of these symptoms, especially if youve never had vaginitis before. If you try to treat symptoms with over-the-counter yeast infection medication and it doesnt improve or eliminate your symptoms, call Dr. Helliwells office. […] If you have a new sexual partner, experiencing these vaginitis symptoms could signify transmission of an STD.

• #34 Vulvovaginitis infection: What does vulvovaginitis look like? – Flo

  https://flo.health/menstrual-cycle/health/symptoms-and-diseases/vulvovaginitis

  You might have been diagnosed with BV or a UTI and treated for the symptoms once. But it’s common for people to experience more than one episode of vulvovaginitis. As the name suggests, cyclic or recurrent vulvovaginitis describes experiencing four or more episodes of the same condition within a year. […] It can be really frustrating, but if you’ve been diagnosed with vulvovaginitis in the past and can see that symptoms are coming back, don’t hesitate to reach out to a medical professional for help. […] Managing any medical condition can affect more areas of your life than your health, and dealing with vulvovaginitis can take a toll on your mental well-being. So if it’s getting you down, know that that’s normal and be kind to yourself. With treatment, it should pass. […] One of the trickier aspects of a health condition like this is that vulvovaginitis can cause pain or discomfort during sex and intimacy, especially if there is vaginal penetration involved. If someone is experiencing this sort of pain with all or certain sexual activities, it may impact their sex drive or sense of self-worth. […] While you can’t always avoid vulvovaginitis, Dr. Rahman outlines that there are some steps you can take to prevent recurring symptoms.

• #35 Bacterial Vaginosis (BV): Causes, Symptoms & Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/3963-bacterial-vaginosis

  Yes. Up to 80% of people get bacterial vaginosis again in their lifetime. […] Bacterial vaginosis doesn’t typically cause serious complications. But if left untreated it could lead to: Complications during pregnancy: If you’re pregnant and have BV, it may lead to premature birth. Sexually transmitted infections (STIs): BV increases your risk for STIs like chlamydia and gonorrhea. If you have HIV and develop BV, you’re at higher risk for passing HIV to your partner. Pelvic inflammatory disease (PID): BV can cause PID, an infection of your reproductive organs. Untreated, PID can lead to difficulties getting pregnant. […] If you have bacterial vaginosis (BV), your provider can prescribe medication that’s safe to use during pregnancy. You should get treated for the infection whether or not you have symptoms. BV can cause pregnancy complications, such as premature birth or having a baby that weighs less than average (low birth weight).

• #36 Vaginitis: Diagnosis and Treatment | AAFP

  https://www.aafp.org/pubs/afp/issues/2011/0401/p807.html

  Presence of a fishy odor on examination is predictive of bacterial vaginosis. […] Individual symptoms and signs, pH level, and microscopy results often do not lead to an accurate diagnosis of vaginitis. […] Bacterial vaginosis is the most prevalent cause of vaginal discharge or malodor, occurring in up to 30 percent of women. […] More than 50 percent of women with bacterial vaginosis are asymptomatic. […] Bacterial vaginosis is associated with late miscarriages, premature rupture of membranes, and preterm birth. […] Symptoms and signs of trichomoniasis are not specific, and diagnosis by microscopy is more reliable. […] Almost any nitroimidazole drug given orally in a single dose or over a longer period results in parasitologic cure in 90 percent of cases. […] An estimated 75 percent of women will have at least one episode of vulvovaginal candidiasis, and 40 to 45 percent will have two or more. […] Diagnosis of vulvovaginal candidiasis can be classified as uncomplicated or complicated. […] Atrophic vaginitis can manifest clinically with symptoms of vaginal dryness, itching, discharge, irritation, and dyspareunia.

• #37 Vulvovaginal Candidiasis – STI Treatment Guidelines

  https://www.cdc.gov/std/treatment-guidelines/candidiasis.htm

  The pathogenesis of recurrent VVC is poorly understood, and the majority of women with recurrent VVC have no apparent predisposing or underlying conditions. […] The optimal treatment of nonalbicans VVC remains unknown; however, a longer duration of therapy (714 days) with a nonfluconazole azole regimen (oral or topical) is recommended. […] Women with underlying immunodeficiency, those with poorly controlled diabetes or other immunocompromising conditions (e.g., HIV), and those receiving immunosuppression therapy (e.g., corticosteroid treatment) might not respond as well to short-term therapies.

• #38 Practical approach to recurrent vulvovaginitis

  https://www.contemporaryobgyn.net/view/practical-approach-to-recurrent-vulvovaginitis

  Women with RBV should be appropriately treated based on the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) recommended conventional therapy of nitroimidazole or clindamycin administered orally or vaginal and offered additional suppressive therapy with 0.75% metronidazole intravaginal gel twice weekly for 4 months. […] RVVC is defined as at least three symptomatic episodes in 12 months. […] Risk of recurrence is increased in patients who frequently take antibiotics, are chronic users of corticosteroids, on prolonged immunosuppressant (e.g. transplant patients) or immunosuppressed patients (uncontrolled HIV/AIDS), have uncontrolled or poorly controlled diabetes, or have azole-resistant or non-C. albicans VVC. […] Patients with RVVC would benefit from maintenance therapy after the induction treatment phase has been successfully completed.

• #39 Vaginitis: Diagnosis and Treatment | AAFP

  https://www.aafp.org/pubs/afp/issues/2018/0301/p321.html

  Vaginitis is defined as any condition with symptoms of abnormal vaginal discharge, odor, irritation, itching, or burning. Vaginitis is characterized by vaginal symptoms, including discharge, odor, itching, irritation, or burning. Most women have at least one episode of vaginitis during their lives, making it the most common gynecologic diagnosis in primary care. Studies have shown a negative effect on quality of life in women with vaginitis, with some women expressing anxiety, shame, and concerns about hygiene, particularly in those with recurrent symptoms. The most common causes of vaginitis are bacterial vaginosis, vulvovaginal candidiasis, and trichomoniasis. Bacterial vaginosis is the cause in 40% to 50% of cases in which a cause is identified, with vulvovaginal candidiasis accounting for 20% to 25% and trichomoniasis for 15% to 20% of cases. Noninfectious causes, including atrophic, irritant, allergic, and inflammatory vaginitis, are less common and account for 5% to 10% of vaginitis cases. Recurrence of bacterial vaginosis is common. Women should be advised to return for treatment if symptoms recur. Treatment of bacterial vaginosis is recommended for resolving symptoms, as well as reducing the risk of Chlamydia trachomatis, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Trichomonas vaginalis, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), and herpes simplex virus type 2 infections. Treatment of candidal infection is aimed at reducing symptoms. There are several topical azole preparations and regimens available, as well as oral fluconazole (Diflucan) in a single 150-mg dose. Treatment of trichomoniasis can decrease symptoms and reduce transmission to partners. Trichomoniasis has been associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes, including low birth weight and preterm birth.

• #40 Vulvovaginitis infection: What does vulvovaginitis look like? – Flo

  https://flo.health/menstrual-cycle/health/symptoms-and-diseases/vulvovaginitis

  You might have been diagnosed with BV or a UTI and treated for the symptoms once. But it’s common for people to experience more than one episode of vulvovaginitis. As the name suggests, cyclic or recurrent vulvovaginitis describes experiencing four or more episodes of the same condition within a year. […] It can be really frustrating, but if you’ve been diagnosed with vulvovaginitis in the past and can see that symptoms are coming back, don’t hesitate to reach out to a medical professional for help. […] Managing any medical condition can affect more areas of your life than your health, and dealing with vulvovaginitis can take a toll on your mental well-being. So if it’s getting you down, know that that’s normal and be kind to yourself. With treatment, it should pass. […] One of the trickier aspects of a health condition like this is that vulvovaginitis can cause pain or discomfort during sex and intimacy, especially if there is vaginal penetration involved. If someone is experiencing this sort of pain with all or certain sexual activities, it may impact their sex drive or sense of self-worth. […] While you can’t always avoid vulvovaginitis, Dr. Rahman outlines that there are some steps you can take to prevent recurring symptoms.

• #41 Vaginitis

  https://encyclopedia.nm.org/Search/85,P00595

  Viral vaginitis symptoms include: Pain in the genital area from sores, if the cause is human papillomavirus (HPV), Painless warts on the vagina, rectum, vulva, or groin, if the cause is HPV. But HPV can be present without visible warts. […] Noninfectious vaginitis symptoms include: Vaginal itching, soreness, burning, or dryness, Fluid from the vagina, Uncomfortable, even painful, sex, Spotting after sex with atrophic vaginitis. […] Without treatment, vaginitis caused by bacterial vaginosis (BV) or trichomoniasis (trich) can increase the risk of more serious health problems, such as: Pelvic inflammatory disease (PID), Giving birth to a baby early if you’re pregnant (preterm delivery), HIV and certain other sexually transmitted infections (STIs). […] A common cause of viral vaginitis is HPV. Certain types of HPV can cause cell changes that increase the chance of getting cervical cancer.

• #42 Bacterial Vaginosis (BV): Causes, Symptoms & Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/3963-bacterial-vaginosis

  Yes. Up to 80% of people get bacterial vaginosis again in their lifetime. […] Bacterial vaginosis doesn’t typically cause serious complications. But if left untreated it could lead to: Complications during pregnancy: If you’re pregnant and have BV, it may lead to premature birth. Sexually transmitted infections (STIs): BV increases your risk for STIs like chlamydia and gonorrhea. If you have HIV and develop BV, you’re at higher risk for passing HIV to your partner. Pelvic inflammatory disease (PID): BV can cause PID, an infection of your reproductive organs. Untreated, PID can lead to difficulties getting pregnant. […] If you have bacterial vaginosis (BV), your provider can prescribe medication that’s safe to use during pregnancy. You should get treated for the infection whether or not you have symptoms. BV can cause pregnancy complications, such as premature birth or having a baby that weighs less than average (low birth weight).

• #43 Core Concepts – Vaginitis – Self-Study Lessons – National STD Curriculum

  https://www.std.uw.edu/go/comprehensive-study/vaginitis/core-concept/all

  Bacterial vaginosis has been linked to several obstetric complications, including late miscarriage, premature rupture of membranes, premature delivery, and low birth weight at delivery. Bacterial vaginosis has also been associated with gynecologic complications, particularly an increased risk of post-operation infections after gynecological procedures. […] Longitudinal studies have also shown that bacterial vaginosis confers a substantially increased risk of acquiring multiple bacterial and viral STIs, including chlamydia, gonorrhea, trichomonas, Mycoplasma genitalium, herpes simplex virus type 2, human papillomavirus, and HIV. Investigators have shown that disruptions of vaginal microbiota with bacterial vaginosis result in high concentrations of specific vaginal bacteria that increase the risk of HIV acquisition in women. The increased risk for HIV acquisition from bacterial vaginosis is thought to occur from the altered bacterial microflora environment, causing genital inflammation, impaired vaginal wound healing, and disruptions in the integrity of the mucosal barrier. Additional studies have also shown that bacterial vaginosis increases genital HIV-1 shedding in women and enhances the risk of female-to-male HIV-1 transmission.

• #44 Core Concepts – Vaginitis – Self-Study Lessons – National STD Curriculum

  https://www.std.uw.edu/go/comprehensive-study/vaginitis/core-concept/all

  Bacterial vaginosis has been linked to several obstetric complications, including late miscarriage, premature rupture of membranes, premature delivery, and low birth weight at delivery. Bacterial vaginosis has also been associated with gynecologic complications, particularly an increased risk of post-operation infections after gynecological procedures. […] Longitudinal studies have also shown that bacterial vaginosis confers a substantially increased risk of acquiring multiple bacterial and viral STIs, including chlamydia, gonorrhea, trichomonas, Mycoplasma genitalium, herpes simplex virus type 2, human papillomavirus, and HIV. Investigators have shown that disruptions of vaginal microbiota with bacterial vaginosis result in high concentrations of specific vaginal bacteria that increase the risk of HIV acquisition in women. The increased risk for HIV acquisition from bacterial vaginosis is thought to occur from the altered bacterial microflora environment, causing genital inflammation, impaired vaginal wound healing, and disruptions in the integrity of the mucosal barrier. Additional studies have also shown that bacterial vaginosis increases genital HIV-1 shedding in women and enhances the risk of female-to-male HIV-1 transmission.

• #45 Bacterial vaginosis – Symptoms and causes – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/bacterial-vaginosis/symptoms-causes/syc-20352279

  Symptoms of bacterial vaginosis include: […] Many people with bacterial vaginosis have no symptoms. […] Make an appointment to see a health care professional if: […] Bacterial vaginosis happens when the vagina’s natural bacteria levels are out of balance. […] Bacterial vaginosis can sometimes cause PID. This infection of the uterus and the fallopian tubes raises the risk of infertility. […] Past studies have shown a possible link between BV and problems with pregnancy. These include preterm birth and low birth weight. New studies show that these risks may be due to other reasons. These reasons include having a history of early delivery. But the studies agree that you should be tested if you notice symptoms of BV while pregnant. If positive, your doctor can choose the best treatment for you.

• #46 Bacterial vaginosis | Better Health Channel

  https://www.betterhealth.vic.gov.au/health/conditionsandtreatments/bacterial-vaginosis

  Symptoms of BV may include: a change or increase of discharge from the vagina, a strong or unusual odour from the vagina (often described as a fishy smell), vaginal discomfort and/or itch. […] Bacterial vaginosis may occur at the same time as sexually transmissible infections (STIs). […] Many people with BV do not experience complications. However, BV has been linked with early pregnancy loss (miscarriage), premature labour and low infant birth weight. BV has also been associated with pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) and increased risk of getting a sexually transmissible infection (STI). […] Even after treatment, about half of the people with BV will get the condition back within 6 to 12 months. […] If symptoms of BV return after treatment, see your doctor.

• #47 Bacterial Vaginosis (BV): Causes, Symptoms & Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/3963-bacterial-vaginosis

  Yes. Up to 80% of people get bacterial vaginosis again in their lifetime. […] Bacterial vaginosis doesn’t typically cause serious complications. But if left untreated it could lead to: Complications during pregnancy: If you’re pregnant and have BV, it may lead to premature birth. Sexually transmitted infections (STIs): BV increases your risk for STIs like chlamydia and gonorrhea. If you have HIV and develop BV, you’re at higher risk for passing HIV to your partner. Pelvic inflammatory disease (PID): BV can cause PID, an infection of your reproductive organs. Untreated, PID can lead to difficulties getting pregnant. […] If you have bacterial vaginosis (BV), your provider can prescribe medication that’s safe to use during pregnancy. You should get treated for the infection whether or not you have symptoms. BV can cause pregnancy complications, such as premature birth or having a baby that weighs less than average (low birth weight).

• #48 Bacterial vaginosis and pregnancy | March of Dimes

  https://www.marchofdimes.org/find-support/topics/pregnancy/bacterial-vaginosis-and-pregnancy

  Bacterial vaginosis (also called BV or vaginitis) is an infection caused when theres too much of certain bacteria in the vagina. Its the most common vaginal infection in women ages 15 to 44. […] If you have BV during pregnancy, your baby is at increased risk for preterm birth and low birthweight. Preterm birth is birth before 37 weeks of pregnancy. Low birthweight is when your baby is born weighing less than 5 pounds, 8 ounces. Being born too early or too small can cause health problems for your baby. […] Signs of a condition are things someone else can see or know about you, like you have a rash or youre coughing. Symptoms are things you feel yourself that others cant see, like having a sore throat or feeling dizzy. Many women with BV have no signs or symptoms, but you may have: Thin white or grey vaginal discharge, Strong, fishy odor, especially after having sex, Pain, itching or burning in the vagina, Itching around the outside of the vagina, Burning feeling when you urinate.

• #49 Core Concepts – Vaginitis – Self-Study Lessons – National STD Curriculum

  https://www.std.uw.edu/go/comprehensive-study/vaginitis/core-concept/all

  Vaginitis is primarily a clinical diagnosis, but a complete history, physical examination, and laboratory evaluation are necessary for accurate diagnosis. When evaluating a woman with vaginal symptoms, clinicians should inquire specifically about a woman’s menstrual cycle, sexual history (including sex partners and specific sexual practices), vaginal hygiene practices (such as douching), medication use (including any intravaginal products), and any other underlying medical conditions. […] Among women with bacterial vaginosis, approximately 50 to 75% are asymptomatic. If symptomatic, most women with bacterial vaginosis will describe vaginal malodor and vaginal discharge. The odor is often described as an unpleasant fishy smell that may become more prominent after sexual intercourse and around the time of menstruation; the discharge is typically off-white, thin, and homogeneous. Symptoms may remit spontaneously. Bacterial vaginosis does not typically cause pruritus, burning, dysuria, dyspareunia, vaginal inflammation, or vulvar swelling.

• #50 Core Concepts – Vaginitis – Self-Study Lessons – National STD Curriculum

  https://www.std.uw.edu/go/comprehensive-study/vaginitis/core-concept/all

  Vaginitis is primarily a clinical diagnosis, but a complete history, physical examination, and laboratory evaluation are necessary for accurate diagnosis. When evaluating a woman with vaginal symptoms, clinicians should inquire specifically about a woman’s menstrual cycle, sexual history (including sex partners and specific sexual practices), vaginal hygiene practices (such as douching), medication use (including any intravaginal products), and any other underlying medical conditions. […] Among women with bacterial vaginosis, approximately 50 to 75% are asymptomatic. If symptomatic, most women with bacterial vaginosis will describe vaginal malodor and vaginal discharge. The odor is often described as an unpleasant fishy smell that may become more prominent after sexual intercourse and around the time of menstruation; the discharge is typically off-white, thin, and homogeneous. Symptoms may remit spontaneously. Bacterial vaginosis does not typically cause pruritus, burning, dysuria, dyspareunia, vaginal inflammation, or vulvar swelling.

• #51 Vaginitis Clinical Presentation: History, Physical Examination, Complications

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/257141-clinical

  T vaginalis infection is the most common nonviral STD in the world. Many patients (20-50%) are asymptomatic. If discharge is present, it is usually copious and frothy and can be white, gray, yellow, or green (the yellow and green colors are due to the presence of white blood cells [WBCs]). Local pain and irritation are common. Dysuria (20%), pruritus (25%), and postcoital bleeding due to cervicitis are other possible symptoms. Symptoms often peak just after menses. […] During pregnancy, bacterial vaginosis and trichomoniasis are associated with an increased risk of premature rupture of membranes, preterm labor, low birth weight, and preterm delivery.

• #52 Vaginitis: What You Need To Know | Henry Ford Health – Detroit, MI

  https://www.henryford.com/blog/2023/02/vaginitis-what-you-need-to-know

  Vaginitis is inflammation or infection of the vagina. It is associated with a spectrum of symptoms, including: […] Vaginitis of all types usually happens when there’s an imbalance of good and bad bacteria or yeast that are normally found in your vagina. […] Yeast infections often cause burning, itching, swelling and inflammation. You may also experience pain during vaginal intercourse and abnormal discharge (often a thick, white discharge from the vagina that can look like cottage cheese). […] While abnormal discharge, itching, burning during urination and gray-green discharge are common signs of trichomoniasis, you can also be infected with the parasite and not exhibit any symptoms. […] Hormonal changes during pregnancy, breastfeeding and menopause can also cause irritation in your vaginal tissues.

• #53 Core Concepts – Vaginitis – Self-Study Lessons – National STD Curriculum

  https://www.std.uw.edu/go/comprehensive-study/vaginitis/core-concept/all

  Vaginitis is primarily a clinical diagnosis, but a complete history, physical examination, and laboratory evaluation are necessary for accurate diagnosis. When evaluating a woman with vaginal symptoms, clinicians should inquire specifically about a woman’s menstrual cycle, sexual history (including sex partners and specific sexual practices), vaginal hygiene practices (such as douching), medication use (including any intravaginal products), and any other underlying medical conditions. […] Among women with bacterial vaginosis, approximately 50 to 75% are asymptomatic. If symptomatic, most women with bacterial vaginosis will describe vaginal malodor and vaginal discharge. The odor is often described as an unpleasant fishy smell that may become more prominent after sexual intercourse and around the time of menstruation; the discharge is typically off-white, thin, and homogeneous. Symptoms may remit spontaneously. Bacterial vaginosis does not typically cause pruritus, burning, dysuria, dyspareunia, vaginal inflammation, or vulvar swelling.

• #54 Vaginitis in adults and adolescents: Initial evaluation – UpToDate

  https://www.uptodate.com/contents/approach-to-females-with-symptoms-of-vaginitis

  Twenty-five to 40 percent of patients with genital symptoms do not have a specific cause identified on initial diagnostic evaluation. […] Given the nonspecific nature of vaginitis symptoms, identifying the etiology is mandatory before initiating therapy. Diagnostic testing enables targeted treatment, increases therapeutic compliance, and increases the likelihood of partner notification.

• #55 Vaginitis in adults and adolescents: Initial evaluation – UpToDate

  https://www.uptodate.com/contents/vaginitis-in-adults-and-adolescents-initial-evaluation

  Twenty-five to 40 percent of patients with genital symptoms do not have a specific cause identified on initial diagnostic evaluation. […] Given the nonspecific nature of vaginitis symptoms, identifying the etiology is mandatory before initiating therapy. Diagnostic testing enables targeted treatment, increases therapeutic compliance, and increases the likelihood of partner notification. Empiric blind therapy can aggravate symptoms, cause misdiagnosis, and result in inappropriate therapy.

• #56 Vaginitis in adults and adolescents: Initial evaluation – UpToDate

  https://www.uptodate.com/contents/approach-to-females-with-symptoms-of-vaginitis

  Twenty-five to 40 percent of patients with genital symptoms do not have a specific cause identified on initial diagnostic evaluation. […] Given the nonspecific nature of vaginitis symptoms, identifying the etiology is mandatory before initiating therapy. Diagnostic testing enables targeted treatment, increases therapeutic compliance, and increases the likelihood of partner notification.

• #57 Vaginitis: Diagnosis and Treatment | AAFP

  https://www.aafp.org/pubs/afp/issues/2011/0401/p807.html

  Presence of a fishy odor on examination is predictive of bacterial vaginosis. […] Individual symptoms and signs, pH level, and microscopy results often do not lead to an accurate diagnosis of vaginitis. […] Bacterial vaginosis is the most prevalent cause of vaginal discharge or malodor, occurring in up to 30 percent of women. […] More than 50 percent of women with bacterial vaginosis are asymptomatic. […] Bacterial vaginosis is associated with late miscarriages, premature rupture of membranes, and preterm birth. […] Symptoms and signs of trichomoniasis are not specific, and diagnosis by microscopy is more reliable. […] Almost any nitroimidazole drug given orally in a single dose or over a longer period results in parasitologic cure in 90 percent of cases. […] An estimated 75 percent of women will have at least one episode of vulvovaginal candidiasis, and 40 to 45 percent will have two or more. […] Diagnosis of vulvovaginal candidiasis can be classified as uncomplicated or complicated. […] Atrophic vaginitis can manifest clinically with symptoms of vaginal dryness, itching, discharge, irritation, and dyspareunia.

• #58 Vaginitis | Boston Children’s Hospital

  https://www.childrenshospital.org/conditions/vaginitis

  Each type has a different cause and may present different symptoms, and more than one type of vaginitis may be present at one time (with or without symptoms). […] While each female may experience symptoms of a yeast infection differently, some of the most common include: a thick, white cottage cheese-like vaginal discharge that is watery and usually odorless, itchiness and redness of the vulva and vagina. […] While each adolescent may experience symptoms of bacterial vaginosis differently, some of the most common include: a milky, thin discharge at times, or a heavy, gray discharge, „fishy” odor of discharge. […] While each adolescent may experience symptoms of trichomoniasis differently, some of the most common include: a frothy, often musty-smelling greenish-yellow discharge, itching in and around the vagina and vulva, burning during urination, discomfort in the lower abdomen, pain during intercourse.

• #59 Vaginitis in adults and adolescents: Initial evaluation – UpToDate

  https://www.uptodate.com/contents/vaginitis-in-adults-and-adolescents-initial-evaluation

  Vaginitis is one of the most common reasons that women access health care worldwide. In the United States, 6 to 10 million healthcare visits occur for this indication annually. Despite its high prevalence, less than half of cases are optimally managed. Misdiagnosis and inappropriate treatment can impact reproductive health and raise the risk of sexually transmitted infections, including HIV. […] Vaginitis, which includes the symptom of abnormal vaginal discharge, is frequently caused by infection but may have other etiologies. A patient could have simultaneous infectious and noninfectious causes, co-occurrence of common infections, or coinfection with sexually transmitted infection of the cervix (eg, gonorrhea or chlamydia). […] Of individuals who present for the evaluation of vaginitis, approximately 70 percent will be diagnosed with one of three vaginal infections: bacterial vaginosis (BV; 40 to 50 percent), Candida vulvovaginitis (20 to 25 percent), or trichomoniasis (15 to 20 percent). The cervical infections gonorrhea and chlamydia are also commonly diagnosed causes of vaginitis in sexually active persons.

• #60 Vaginitis in adults and adolescents: Initial evaluation – UpToDate

  https://www.uptodate.com/contents/vaginitis-in-adults-and-adolescents-initial-evaluation

  Twenty-five to 40 percent of patients with genital symptoms do not have a specific cause identified on initial diagnostic evaluation. […] Given the nonspecific nature of vaginitis symptoms, identifying the etiology is mandatory before initiating therapy. Diagnostic testing enables targeted treatment, increases therapeutic compliance, and increases the likelihood of partner notification. Empiric blind therapy can aggravate symptoms, cause misdiagnosis, and result in inappropriate therapy.

• #61 Vaginitis – Stanford Medicine Children’s Health

  https://www.stanfordchildrens.org/en/topic/default?id=vaginitis-85-P00595

  Vaginitis refers to any inflammation or infection of the vagina. It’s common in women of all ages. One-third of women have at least one form of vaginitis at some time during their lives. […] When the walls of the vagina become inflamed, because some irritant has disturbed the balance of the vaginal area, vaginitis can occur. […] These are the most common types of vaginitis: Candida or „yeast” infection, Bacterial vaginosis, Trichomoniasis vaginitis, Viral vaginitis, Noninfectious vaginitis. […] Your healthcare provider will consider other causes of vaginal discharge such as gonorrhea and chlamydia. These organisms don’t infect the vagina directly. If left untreated, they can lead to serious conditions, such as pelvic inflammatory disease (PID). PID increases a woman’s risk of infertility, pelvic scarring, chronic pelvic pain, and ectopic pregnancy.

• #62 Vaginitis – Stanford Medicine Children’s Health

  https://www.stanfordchildrens.org/en/topic/default?id=vaginitis-85-P00595

  Vaginitis refers to any inflammation or infection of the vagina. It’s common in women of all ages. One-third of women have at least one form of vaginitis at some time during their lives. […] When the walls of the vagina become inflamed, because some irritant has disturbed the balance of the vaginal area, vaginitis can occur. […] These are the most common types of vaginitis: Candida or „yeast” infection, Bacterial vaginosis, Trichomoniasis vaginitis, Viral vaginitis, Noninfectious vaginitis. […] Your healthcare provider will consider other causes of vaginal discharge such as gonorrhea and chlamydia. These organisms don’t infect the vagina directly. If left untreated, they can lead to serious conditions, such as pelvic inflammatory disease (PID). PID increases a woman’s risk of infertility, pelvic scarring, chronic pelvic pain, and ectopic pregnancy.

• #63 Bacterial vaginosis | Better Health Channel

  https://www.betterhealth.vic.gov.au/health/conditionsandtreatments/bacterial-vaginosis

  Symptoms of BV may include: a change or increase of discharge from the vagina, a strong or unusual odour from the vagina (often described as a fishy smell), vaginal discomfort and/or itch. […] Bacterial vaginosis may occur at the same time as sexually transmissible infections (STIs). […] Many people with BV do not experience complications. However, BV has been linked with early pregnancy loss (miscarriage), premature labour and low infant birth weight. BV has also been associated with pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) and increased risk of getting a sexually transmissible infection (STI). […] Even after treatment, about half of the people with BV will get the condition back within 6 to 12 months. […] If symptoms of BV return after treatment, see your doctor.

• #64 What Is Vaginitis? Four Common Types – Advanced Women’s Health

  https://advancedwomenshealthcenter.com/vaginitis/

  Vaginitis involves inflammation in the vaginal area due to infection or an improper balance in vaginal bacteria. Those who experience symptoms complain about pain, unusual discharge and itching. […] Vaginitis varies from person-to-person and can be extremely mild or intensely painful. […] Here is a list of some of the most common symptoms: Irregular bleeding, Itching in the vaginal region, Uncomfortable intercourse, Painful urination, Increased discharge thats different in odor and color. […] Its important to see your doctor whenever you have any of these symptoms, especially if youve never had vaginitis before. If you try to treat symptoms with over-the-counter yeast infection medication and it doesnt improve or eliminate your symptoms, call Dr. Helliwells office. […] If you have a new sexual partner, experiencing these vaginitis symptoms could signify transmission of an STD.

• #65 Vaginitis Symptoms with Negative Tests? | Dr. Fuller Seattle

  https://www.ashleyfullermd.com/blog/vaginitis-symptoms-negative-testing

  Help! I have vaginitis symptoms and my doctor says my testing is normal, but I still have symptoms! […] It is not uncommon for me to see a patient in the office that has recurrent vaginitis with common symptoms such as discharge, vulvar pain, itching, and burning. […] Certain vaginal conditions can ONLY be diagnosed through a wet mount and could very easily be missed when only send off laboratory swabs are used. […] Desquamative Inflammatory Vaginitis (DIV). This is a noninfectious inflammatory condition of the vagina that causes copious vaginal discharge, pain, and burning. It is usually a yellowish discharge and it is enough that most of these patients notice it all the time. […] Cytolytic Vaginosis (CV). This is not a common vaginal condition. […] Genitourinary syndrome of menopause/lactation/contraceptive pills. This is a condition of hormonal changes.

• #66 Inflammatory Vaginitis – Gynecology and Obstetrics – Merck Manual Professional Edition

  https://www.merckmanuals.com/professional/gynecology-and-obstetrics/vaginitis-cervicitis-and-pelvic-inflammatory-disease/inflammatory-vaginitis

  Purulent vaginal discharge, dyspareunia, dysuria, and vaginal irritation are common. Vaginal pruritus and erythema may occur. Burning, pain, or mild bleeding occurs less often. Vaginal tissue may appear thin and dry. Vaginitis may recur. […] In patients with inflammatory vaginitis, vaginal epithelial cells slough superficially, and streptococci overgrow. […] Inflammatory vaginitis occurs and recurs most commonly in patients who become hypoestrogenic due to menopause or primary ovarian insufficiency (premature ovarian failureeg, due to autoimmune disease, oophorectomy, pelvic radiation, or chemotherapy). The etiology may be autoimmune.

• #67 Vaginitis in Children (for Parents) | Nemours KidsHealth

  https://kidshealth.org/en/parents/vaginitis.html

  Vaginitis is inflammation (redness, soreness, or swelling) in and around the vagina. The vulva (the area around the opening of the vagina) also might be irritated, in which case it is called vulvovaginitis. […] Often, girls with vaginitis (va-jih-NYE-tiss) have: itching, burning, or pain; redness, soreness, or swelling around the opening to the vagina; discharge (fluid) coming from the vagina, or stains on their underpants (can sometimes be tinged with blood); pain or burning when peeing. […] Vaginitis is common in girls of all ages. Its especially common before puberty, when the lining of the vagina and the skin of the vulva are very thin. […] Doctors usually can diagnose vaginitis in children by doing an exam of the area with a parent or chaperone in the room and asking about symptoms. They might send a sample of the fluid for testing if the vaginitis may be due to an infection or if symptoms do not get better after treatment.

• #68 Vulvovaginal Candidiasis – STI Treatment Guidelines

  https://www.cdc.gov/std/treatment-guidelines/candidiasis.htm

  The pathogenesis of recurrent VVC is poorly understood, and the majority of women with recurrent VVC have no apparent predisposing or underlying conditions. […] The optimal treatment of nonalbicans VVC remains unknown; however, a longer duration of therapy (714 days) with a nonfluconazole azole regimen (oral or topical) is recommended. […] Women with underlying immunodeficiency, those with poorly controlled diabetes or other immunocompromising conditions (e.g., HIV), and those receiving immunosuppression therapy (e.g., corticosteroid treatment) might not respond as well to short-term therapies.

• #69 Vaginitis Symptoms with Negative Tests? | Dr. Fuller Seattle

  https://www.ashleyfullermd.com/blog/vaginitis-symptoms-negative-testing

  Help! I have vaginitis symptoms and my doctor says my testing is normal, but I still have symptoms! […] It is not uncommon for me to see a patient in the office that has recurrent vaginitis with common symptoms such as discharge, vulvar pain, itching, and burning. […] Certain vaginal conditions can ONLY be diagnosed through a wet mount and could very easily be missed when only send off laboratory swabs are used. […] Desquamative Inflammatory Vaginitis (DIV). This is a noninfectious inflammatory condition of the vagina that causes copious vaginal discharge, pain, and burning. It is usually a yellowish discharge and it is enough that most of these patients notice it all the time. […] Cytolytic Vaginosis (CV). This is not a common vaginal condition. […] Genitourinary syndrome of menopause/lactation/contraceptive pills. This is a condition of hormonal changes.

• #70 Vaginitis Symptoms with Negative Tests? | Dr. Fuller Seattle

  https://www.ashleyfullermd.com/blog/vaginitis-symptoms-negative-testing

  It can cause thinning of the vaginal mucosa, dryness, irritation, fissures, and pain with sexual activity. […] Vulvar dermatologic condition. Many vulvar conditions can mimic vaginitis, especially if you are not getting a thorough exam of the vulva when you come in with your symptoms. […] Lichen sclerosus is a common condition that causes whitening of the skin on the vulva, changes in anatomy of the vulva, and often is associated with itching or burning, but not always. […] Plasma cell vulvitis is rare, but can cause itching or burning at the opening of the vagina and, generally, we see rust colored stains at the opening of the vagina.

• #71 Chronic Vaginitis – Dr Ben Medical – Men’s Health Clinic | Women’s Health Singapore

  https://dbclinic.com.sg/chronic-vaginitis-the-never-ending-vaginal-uncomfortable-symptoms/

  Please seek medical attention before chronic vaginitis progresses into long-term health complications. […] Thankfully, the treatment outcome for vaginitis is fair, and it is possible to abort and cure the symptoms. Empowering and educating female patients on the expectation of normal vs abnormal vaginal health symptoms, the possible causes and pitfall triggers may improve the outcome of this condition.

• #72 Vaginitis – OB GYN Flowood MS | Lakeland Premier Women’s ClinicAccessibility ToolsIncrease TextDecrease TextGrayscaleHigh ContrastNegative ContrastLight BackgroundLinks UnderlineReadable FontReset

  https://lakelandpremierwc.com/gynecology/vaginitis/

  Vaginitis is an infection or inflammation of the vagina that can cause itching, burning, a change in vaginal discharge, and pain during sex. […] Common symptoms of vaginitis include the following: Vaginal odor, Redness, swelling, or itching of the vagina, Light bleeding or spotting, A change in the coloring of your vaginal discharge such as grey, green, or yellow discharge, Pain during sex, Painful urination. […] More concerning cases of vaginitis include the following symptoms, for which you should certainly seek advice and care from your gynecologist: You have never had a vaginal infection before, You have had multiple sex partners or a new partner that may have given you a sexually transmitted infection, which will often show symptoms similar to vaginitis, You have a fever, chills, or pelvic pain, You have completed an over-the-counter treatment but your symptoms persist or worsen.

• #73 Vaginitis in adults and adolescents: Initial evaluation – UpToDate

  https://www.uptodate.com/contents/vaginitis-in-adults-and-adolescents-initial-evaluation

  Twenty-five to 40 percent of patients with genital symptoms do not have a specific cause identified on initial diagnostic evaluation. […] Given the nonspecific nature of vaginitis symptoms, identifying the etiology is mandatory before initiating therapy. Diagnostic testing enables targeted treatment, increases therapeutic compliance, and increases the likelihood of partner notification. Empiric blind therapy can aggravate symptoms, cause misdiagnosis, and result in inappropriate therapy.

• #74

  http://www.idph.state.il.us/public/hb/hbvaginitis.htm

  Vaginal infections can produce a variety of symptoms, such as abnormal or increased discharge, itching, fishy odor, irritation, painful urination or vaginal bleeding. When you have vaginitis, you may have some or all of these symptoms. […] If left untreated, BV may result in increased risk of pelvic inflammatory disease (PID), infertility, pre-term birth, premature rupture of membranes, low birth weight, intra-amniotic infections, endometritis, cervical intra-epithelial neoplasia (CIN), post-gynecological surgery infections, and increased risk of sexually transmitted diseases. […] Yes it can. Premature delivery and low birth weight of the baby are more common in women with bacterial vaginosis. Early diagnosis and treatment is important.

• #75 Vaginitis: Diagnosis and Treatment | AAFP

  https://www.aafp.org/pubs/afp/issues/2018/0301/p321.html

  Vaginitis is defined as any condition with symptoms of abnormal vaginal discharge, odor, irritation, itching, or burning. Vaginitis is characterized by vaginal symptoms, including discharge, odor, itching, irritation, or burning. Most women have at least one episode of vaginitis during their lives, making it the most common gynecologic diagnosis in primary care. Studies have shown a negative effect on quality of life in women with vaginitis, with some women expressing anxiety, shame, and concerns about hygiene, particularly in those with recurrent symptoms. The most common causes of vaginitis are bacterial vaginosis, vulvovaginal candidiasis, and trichomoniasis. Bacterial vaginosis is the cause in 40% to 50% of cases in which a cause is identified, with vulvovaginal candidiasis accounting for 20% to 25% and trichomoniasis for 15% to 20% of cases. Noninfectious causes, including atrophic, irritant, allergic, and inflammatory vaginitis, are less common and account for 5% to 10% of vaginitis cases. Recurrence of bacterial vaginosis is common. Women should be advised to return for treatment if symptoms recur. Treatment of bacterial vaginosis is recommended for resolving symptoms, as well as reducing the risk of Chlamydia trachomatis, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Trichomonas vaginalis, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), and herpes simplex virus type 2 infections. Treatment of candidal infection is aimed at reducing symptoms. There are several topical azole preparations and regimens available, as well as oral fluconazole (Diflucan) in a single 150-mg dose. Treatment of trichomoniasis can decrease symptoms and reduce transmission to partners. Trichomoniasis has been associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes, including low birth weight and preterm birth.

• #76 Diagnosis of Vaginitis

  https://www.southcarolinablues.com/web/public/brands/medicalpolicy/external-policies/diagnosis-of-vaginitis/

  Measurement of vaginal pH is the primary initial finding that drives the diagnostic. The pH of the normal vaginal secretions in premenopausal women with relatively high estrogen levels is 4.0 to 4.5. The pH of normal vaginal secretions in premenarchal and postmenopausal women in whom estrogen levels are low is 4.7. An elevated pH in a premenopausal woman suggests infections, such as BV (pH4.5) or trichomoniasis (pH 5 to 6) and helps to exclude Candida vulvovaginitis (pH 4 to 4.5). […] There are several challenging aspects to the diagnosis of the etiology of vaginitis based on clinical symptoms. Vaginitis is a global term for nonspecific syndrome and must be narrowed down to the distinct causative factors. Traditional methods have included microscopy, pH testing, amine whiff test, and the Amsel criteria, depending on the suspected etiology.

• #77 Diagnosis of Vaginitis

  https://www.southcarolinablues.com/web/public/brands/medicalpolicy/external-policies/diagnosis-of-vaginitis/

  Even though studies have shown that PCR methods have a higher specificity and sensitivity than culture and shorter turn-around time in identifying Candida, their use may be adding to clinical non-specificity. […] Overall, microscopy has lower sensitivities and negative predictive values for BV, candidiasis, and trichomoniasis, and yeast when compared to NAAT and culture, respectively (Sobel, 2023b). The use of established molecular diagnostic tests as an alternative to traditional methods is an opportunity to improve the diagnosis and management of vaginitis; NAAT tests have already improved detection of trichomoniasis (Sobel, 2023b).

• #78 Vaginitis – OB GYN Flowood MS | Lakeland Premier Women’s ClinicAccessibility ToolsIncrease TextDecrease TextGrayscaleHigh ContrastNegative ContrastLight BackgroundLinks UnderlineReadable FontReset

  https://lakelandpremierwc.com/gynecology/vaginitis/

  Vaginitis is an infection or inflammation of the vagina that can cause itching, burning, a change in vaginal discharge, and pain during sex. […] Common symptoms of vaginitis include the following: Vaginal odor, Redness, swelling, or itching of the vagina, Light bleeding or spotting, A change in the coloring of your vaginal discharge such as grey, green, or yellow discharge, Pain during sex, Painful urination. […] More concerning cases of vaginitis include the following symptoms, for which you should certainly seek advice and care from your gynecologist: You have never had a vaginal infection before, You have had multiple sex partners or a new partner that may have given you a sexually transmitted infection, which will often show symptoms similar to vaginitis, You have a fever, chills, or pelvic pain, You have completed an over-the-counter treatment but your symptoms persist or worsen.

• #79 Vaginitis: What You Need To Know | Henry Ford Health – Detroit, MI

  https://www.henryford.com/blog/2023/02/vaginitis-what-you-need-to-know

  Normal vaginal discharge is usually clear or slightly cloudy. […] See your healthcare provider if you develop vaginal discomfort, especially if: […] You experience vaginal itching, burning, swelling or soreness in the inside or outside of your vagina. […] You experience pain during vaginal intercourse.

• #80 Open Search

  https://www.plannedparenthood.org/learn/health-and-wellness/vaginitis

  Vaginitis symptoms can be super obvious, or barely noticeable. Sometimes there are no symptoms at all. It’s a good idea to pay attention to what your vulva and vaginal discharge normally looks, feels, and smells like, so its easier to notice any changes that could be signs of vaginitis or other infections.

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