Materiały źródłowe

• #1 Polio – Symptoms and causes – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/polio/symptoms-causes/syc-20376512

  Polio is an illness caused by a virus that mainly affects nerves in the spinal cord or brain stem. In its most severe form, polio can lead to a person being unable to move certain limbs, also called paralysis. It can also lead to trouble breathing and sometimes death. […] Most people infected with the virus that causes polio, called poliovirus, don’t get symptoms. […] About 5% of people with the poliovirus get a mild version of the disease called abortive poliomyelitis. This leads to flu-like symptoms that last 2 to 3 days. These include: Fever, Headache, Muscle aches, Sore throat, Stomachache, Loss of appetite, Nausea, Vomiting. […] A more severe form of the disease, called nonparalytic polio, affects about 1% of those infected. While the illness lasts longer than a few days, it doesn’t cause paralysis.

• #2 Poliomyelitis – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK558944/

  Poliomyelitis is a highly transmissible infection nearing global eradication. However, recent outbreaks and vaccine-derived cases highlight the ongoing risk. Most infections are asymptomatic, with 70% to 95% presenting as a self-limiting flu-like illness. However, up to 1 in 200 cases involve rapid-onset flaccid paralysis, with the potential for lifelong disability or death. […] The presentation of polio is highly variable, ranging from asymptomatic to a transient flu-like viral illness to paralysis, quadriplegia, and even respiratory failure and death. Many polio survivors experience a poor quality of life. […] The acute, prodromal, or pre-paralytic stage of poliovirus infection is similar to many other viral illnesses; fever, malaise, headache, myalgia, fatigue, nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, and sore throat are commonly observed. In almost all cases, the infection resolves in 2 to 10 days without further sequelae.

• #3 Polio – Symptoms and causes – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/polio/symptoms-causes/syc-20376512

  Polio is an illness caused by a virus that mainly affects nerves in the spinal cord or brain stem. In its most severe form, polio can lead to a person being unable to move certain limbs, also called paralysis. It can also lead to trouble breathing and sometimes death. […] Most people infected with the virus that causes polio, called poliovirus, don’t get symptoms. […] About 5% of people with the poliovirus get a mild version of the disease called abortive poliomyelitis. This leads to flu-like symptoms that last 2 to 3 days. These include: Fever, Headache, Muscle aches, Sore throat, Stomachache, Loss of appetite, Nausea, Vomiting. […] A more severe form of the disease, called nonparalytic polio, affects about 1% of those infected. While the illness lasts longer than a few days, it doesn’t cause paralysis.

• #4 Polio and the late effects of polio | Better Health Channel

  https://www.betterhealth.vic.gov.au/health/conditionsandtreatments/polio-and-post-polio-syndrome

  Polio symptoms vary from mild flu-like symptoms to paralysis and possibly death. […] Symptoms vary from mild flu-like symptoms to life-threatening paralysis. In less than 1% of cases, polio causes permanent paralysis of the arms, legs or breathing muscles. Between 5% and 10% of people who develop paralytic polio will die. […] Physical symptoms may emerge 15 years or more after the first polio infection. These new symptoms are called the late effects of polio. They include new muscle weakness, joint and muscle pain and fatigue. […] Polio symptoms generally appear between 3 and 21 days after infection. However, many people infected with poliovirus have no symptoms and may not even know they are affected. […] In mild polio cases, symptoms include: fever, tiredness and weakness (malaise), headache, nausea and vomiting, muscle stiffness.

• #5 Polio: Symptoms, treatments, and vaccines

  https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/155580

  Polio, also known as poliomyelitis and infantile paralysis, is a highly contagious viral infection that can lead to paralysis, breathing problems, or even death. […] Polio can be classified as occurring with or without symptoms. About 95 percent of all cases are asymptomatic, and between 4 and 8 percent of cases are symptomatic. […] Polio, in its most severe forms, can cause paralysis and death. However, most people with polio do not display any symptoms or become noticeably sick. When symptoms do appear, they differ depending on the type of polio. […] Symptomatic polio can be broken down further into a mild form, called non-paralytic or abortive polio, and a severe form called paralytic polio that occurs in around 1 percent of cases. […] Many people with non-paralytic polio make a full recovery. Unfortunately, those with paralytic polio generally develop permanent paralysis.

• #6 Polio and the late effects of polio | Better Health Channel

  https://www.betterhealth.vic.gov.au/health/conditionsandtreatments/polio-and-post-polio-syndrome

  Polio symptoms vary from mild flu-like symptoms to paralysis and possibly death. […] Symptoms vary from mild flu-like symptoms to life-threatening paralysis. In less than 1% of cases, polio causes permanent paralysis of the arms, legs or breathing muscles. Between 5% and 10% of people who develop paralytic polio will die. […] Physical symptoms may emerge 15 years or more after the first polio infection. These new symptoms are called the late effects of polio. They include new muscle weakness, joint and muscle pain and fatigue. […] Polio symptoms generally appear between 3 and 21 days after infection. However, many people infected with poliovirus have no symptoms and may not even know they are affected. […] In mild polio cases, symptoms include: fever, tiredness and weakness (malaise), headache, nausea and vomiting, muscle stiffness.

• #7 Clinical Overview of Poliomyelitis | Polio | CDC

  https://www.cdc.gov/polio/hcp/clinical-overview/index.html

  Poliovirus is highly contagious and causes polio, or poliomyelitis, a serious and debilitating disease. […] Most people infected with poliovirus will not have any visible symptoms. About 1 in 4 people will have flu-like symptoms. These symptoms usually last 2 to 5 days, then go away on their own. […] Fewer than 1% of people will have weakness or paralysis in their arms and/or legs. The paralysis can lead to permanent disability and death. […] The poliovirus incubation period for nonparalytic symptoms is 3 to 6 days. The onset of paralysis usually occurs 7 to 21 days after infection. […] Acute flaccid paralysis (AFP) is a manifestation of a wide spectrum of clinical diseases. […] Adults who had paralytic polio during childhood may develop noninfectious post-polio syndrome (PPS) 15 to 40 years later.

• #8 Polio – Symptoms and causes – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/polio/symptoms-causes/syc-20376512

  Polio is an illness caused by a virus that mainly affects nerves in the spinal cord or brain stem. In its most severe form, polio can lead to a person being unable to move certain limbs, also called paralysis. It can also lead to trouble breathing and sometimes death. […] Most people infected with the virus that causes polio, called poliovirus, don’t get symptoms. […] About 5% of people with the poliovirus get a mild version of the disease called abortive poliomyelitis. This leads to flu-like symptoms that last 2 to 3 days. These include: Fever, Headache, Muscle aches, Sore throat, Stomachache, Loss of appetite, Nausea, Vomiting. […] A more severe form of the disease, called nonparalytic polio, affects about 1% of those infected. While the illness lasts longer than a few days, it doesn’t cause paralysis.

• #9 Poliomyelitis: Symptoms, Causes, Treatment

  https://primecareprosthetics.com/conditions/poliomyelitis

  Weakness, fever, stiffness, fatigue, severe headache, swallowing difficulty […] The symptoms of polio can vary widely, and not everyone who contracts the virus will experience the same symptoms. There are three main types of polio symptoms: […] About 1 out of 4 people have mild, flu-like symptoms, which may include: Fever; Headache; Sore throat; Fatigue; Muscle pain or stiffness; Vomiting; Meningitis-like symptoms (stiff neck and back) – occur in about 15 out of 100 people. […] This is the most severe form of polio and can lead to muscle weakness or paralysis. These symptoms occur in about 1 out of 200 people to 1 in 2000 people, depending on virus type. […] It’s important to note that most polio infections result in asymptomatic or mild symptoms, with only a small percentage of cases progressing to paralytic polio. The severity of symptoms can vary from person to person, and in rare instances, serious symptoms of paralytic polio can be life-threatening.

• #10 Polio: symptoms, causes and treatment – myDr.com.au

  https://mydr.com.au/kids-teens-health/polio-what-you-need-to-know/

  Polio (which is short for poliomyelitis) is an infectious disease that can cause permanent muscle weakness, paralysis, and in severe cases, can be life-threatening. […] The majority of people (up to 95 per cent) who are infected with poliovirus do not experience any symptoms at all, and do not even know they have been infected. Among those who do experience symptoms, there are 2 main forms of disease: non-paralytic polio and paralytic polio. […] About 4-8 per cent of people who are infected suffer from whats known as abortive poliomyelitis. This type of polio doesnt cause paralysis, and the symptoms (which include fever, sore throat, mild headache, nausea and vomiting, and either constipation or diarrhoea) usually improve within about 3 days. […] A further 1-2 per cent of people who become infected with the poliovirus develop non-paralytic aseptic meningitis, which is an infection of the meninges (the membrane covering the brain and spinal cord). Symptoms usually last between 2 and 10 days, and include: fever; headaches; nausea and vomiting; diarrhoea; tiredness; and muscle pains, stiffness or spasms.

• #11 Poliomyelitis (Polio) in Children | Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia

  https://www.chop.edu/conditions-diseases/poliomyelitis-polio-children

  Poliovirus infections can exhibit symptoms in varying degrees of severity. Each child may experience symptoms differently. The majority of individuals (90 to 95 percent) have no symptoms at all. This is referred to as inapparent infection. Three other categories of polio infection will be discussed: […] Abortive poliomyelitis. A mild and short course of the disease with one or more symptoms: fever (up to 103 degrees Fahrenheit or 39.4 degrees Celsius), decreased appetite, nausea and/or vomiting, sore throat, malaise (not feeling well), constipation, or abdominal pain. […] Nonparalytic poliomyelitis. The symptoms of nonparalytic poliomyelitis include the symptoms for abortive poliomyelitis, but the headache, nausea, and vomiting may be worse. In addition, symptoms may include the child feeling sick for a couple of days, and then appear to improve before getting sick again with pain of the muscles in the neck, trunk, arms, and legs, and stiffness in the neck and along the spine.

• #12 Polio: Virus, Causes, Symptoms, Transmission & Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/15655-polio

  Polio (poliomyelitis) is a disease that can cause flu-like symptoms, brain inflammation and paralysis. Its caused by poliovirus. Most people have no symptoms or mild symptoms, but some have permanent paralysis or weakness. Theres no cure. […] Symptoms of polio include fatigue, fever, headache, vomiting, diarrhea, neck stiffness, muscle weakness, paralysis and more. Most people with polio have flu-like symptoms or no symptoms. Some people have brain inflammation or paralysis. […] The most common symptoms of polio include fatigue, fever, sore throat, headache, nausea and vomiting, diarrhea or constipation, stomach pain. Some people will develop severe symptoms a few days to weeks after the initial flu-like symptoms. These could include neck stiffness, pain or pins-and-needles feeling in your arms and legs (paresthesia), severe headache, sensitivity to light (photophobia), sensitivity to touch, muscle spasms, weakness or paralysis this might make it hard or impossible to move parts of your body, or to breathe, swallow or speak.

• #13 Polio – Symptoms and causes – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/polio/symptoms-causes/syc-20376512

  Polio is an illness caused by a virus that mainly affects nerves in the spinal cord or brain stem. In its most severe form, polio can lead to a person being unable to move certain limbs, also called paralysis. It can also lead to trouble breathing and sometimes death. […] Most people infected with the virus that causes polio, called poliovirus, don’t get symptoms. […] About 5% of people with the poliovirus get a mild version of the disease called abortive poliomyelitis. This leads to flu-like symptoms that last 2 to 3 days. These include: Fever, Headache, Muscle aches, Sore throat, Stomachache, Loss of appetite, Nausea, Vomiting. […] A more severe form of the disease, called nonparalytic polio, affects about 1% of those infected. While the illness lasts longer than a few days, it doesn’t cause paralysis.

• #14 Polio: Virus, Causes, Symptoms, Transmission & Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/15655-polio

  Polio (poliomyelitis) is a disease that can cause flu-like symptoms, brain inflammation and paralysis. Its caused by poliovirus. Most people have no symptoms or mild symptoms, but some have permanent paralysis or weakness. Theres no cure. […] Symptoms of polio include fatigue, fever, headache, vomiting, diarrhea, neck stiffness, muscle weakness, paralysis and more. Most people with polio have flu-like symptoms or no symptoms. Some people have brain inflammation or paralysis. […] The most common symptoms of polio include fatigue, fever, sore throat, headache, nausea and vomiting, diarrhea or constipation, stomach pain. Some people will develop severe symptoms a few days to weeks after the initial flu-like symptoms. These could include neck stiffness, pain or pins-and-needles feeling in your arms and legs (paresthesia), severe headache, sensitivity to light (photophobia), sensitivity to touch, muscle spasms, weakness or paralysis this might make it hard or impossible to move parts of your body, or to breathe, swallow or speak.

• #15 Poliomyelitis (Polio) in Children | Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia

  https://www.chop.edu/conditions-diseases/poliomyelitis-polio-children

  Poliovirus infections can exhibit symptoms in varying degrees of severity. Each child may experience symptoms differently. The majority of individuals (90 to 95 percent) have no symptoms at all. This is referred to as inapparent infection. Three other categories of polio infection will be discussed: […] Abortive poliomyelitis. A mild and short course of the disease with one or more symptoms: fever (up to 103 degrees Fahrenheit or 39.4 degrees Celsius), decreased appetite, nausea and/or vomiting, sore throat, malaise (not feeling well), constipation, or abdominal pain. […] Nonparalytic poliomyelitis. The symptoms of nonparalytic poliomyelitis include the symptoms for abortive poliomyelitis, but the headache, nausea, and vomiting may be worse. In addition, symptoms may include the child feeling sick for a couple of days, and then appear to improve before getting sick again with pain of the muscles in the neck, trunk, arms, and legs, and stiffness in the neck and along the spine.

• #16 Polio: Virus, Causes, Symptoms, Transmission & Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/15655-polio

  Polio (poliomyelitis) is a disease that can cause flu-like symptoms, brain inflammation and paralysis. Its caused by poliovirus. Most people have no symptoms or mild symptoms, but some have permanent paralysis or weakness. Theres no cure. […] Symptoms of polio include fatigue, fever, headache, vomiting, diarrhea, neck stiffness, muscle weakness, paralysis and more. Most people with polio have flu-like symptoms or no symptoms. Some people have brain inflammation or paralysis. […] The most common symptoms of polio include fatigue, fever, sore throat, headache, nausea and vomiting, diarrhea or constipation, stomach pain. Some people will develop severe symptoms a few days to weeks after the initial flu-like symptoms. These could include neck stiffness, pain or pins-and-needles feeling in your arms and legs (paresthesia), severe headache, sensitivity to light (photophobia), sensitivity to touch, muscle spasms, weakness or paralysis this might make it hard or impossible to move parts of your body, or to breathe, swallow or speak.

• #17 Polio – Symptoms and causes – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/polio/symptoms-causes/syc-20376512

  Polio is an illness caused by a virus that mainly affects nerves in the spinal cord or brain stem. In its most severe form, polio can lead to a person being unable to move certain limbs, also called paralysis. It can also lead to trouble breathing and sometimes death. […] Most people infected with the virus that causes polio, called poliovirus, don’t get symptoms. […] About 5% of people with the poliovirus get a mild version of the disease called abortive poliomyelitis. This leads to flu-like symptoms that last 2 to 3 days. These include: Fever, Headache, Muscle aches, Sore throat, Stomachache, Loss of appetite, Nausea, Vomiting. […] A more severe form of the disease, called nonparalytic polio, affects about 1% of those infected. While the illness lasts longer than a few days, it doesn’t cause paralysis.

• #18 Polio: Virus, Causes, Symptoms, Transmission & Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/15655-polio

  Polio (poliomyelitis) is a disease that can cause flu-like symptoms, brain inflammation and paralysis. Its caused by poliovirus. Most people have no symptoms or mild symptoms, but some have permanent paralysis or weakness. Theres no cure. […] Symptoms of polio include fatigue, fever, headache, vomiting, diarrhea, neck stiffness, muscle weakness, paralysis and more. Most people with polio have flu-like symptoms or no symptoms. Some people have brain inflammation or paralysis. […] The most common symptoms of polio include fatigue, fever, sore throat, headache, nausea and vomiting, diarrhea or constipation, stomach pain. Some people will develop severe symptoms a few days to weeks after the initial flu-like symptoms. These could include neck stiffness, pain or pins-and-needles feeling in your arms and legs (paresthesia), severe headache, sensitivity to light (photophobia), sensitivity to touch, muscle spasms, weakness or paralysis this might make it hard or impossible to move parts of your body, or to breathe, swallow or speak.

• #19 Polio: Virus, Causes, Symptoms, Transmission & Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/15655-polio

  Polio (poliomyelitis) is a disease that can cause flu-like symptoms, brain inflammation and paralysis. Its caused by poliovirus. Most people have no symptoms or mild symptoms, but some have permanent paralysis or weakness. Theres no cure. […] Symptoms of polio include fatigue, fever, headache, vomiting, diarrhea, neck stiffness, muscle weakness, paralysis and more. Most people with polio have flu-like symptoms or no symptoms. Some people have brain inflammation or paralysis. […] The most common symptoms of polio include fatigue, fever, sore throat, headache, nausea and vomiting, diarrhea or constipation, stomach pain. Some people will develop severe symptoms a few days to weeks after the initial flu-like symptoms. These could include neck stiffness, pain or pins-and-needles feeling in your arms and legs (paresthesia), severe headache, sensitivity to light (photophobia), sensitivity to touch, muscle spasms, weakness or paralysis this might make it hard or impossible to move parts of your body, or to breathe, swallow or speak.

• #20 Polio: MedlinePlus Medical EncyclopediaLock

  https://medlineplus.gov/ency/article/001402.htm

  Polio is a viral disease that can affect nerves and can lead to partial or full paralysis. The medical name for polio is poliomyelitis. […] There are four basic patterns of polio infection: Inapparent infection, Abortive disease, Nonparalytic, Paralytic. […] Most people infected with poliovirus have inapparent infections. They usually do not have symptoms. The only way to know if someone has the infection is by performing a blood test or other tests to find the virus in the stool or throat. […] People who have abortive disease develop symptoms about 1 to 2 weeks after getting infected with the virus. Symptoms may include: Fever for 2 to 3 days, General discomfort or uneasiness (malaise), Headache, Sore throat, Vomiting, Loss of appetite, Belly pain. These symptoms last up to 5 days and people recover completely. They have no signs of nervous system problems.

• #21 Polio – Symptoms and causes – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/polio/symptoms-causes/syc-20376512

  Polio is an illness caused by a virus that mainly affects nerves in the spinal cord or brain stem. In its most severe form, polio can lead to a person being unable to move certain limbs, also called paralysis. It can also lead to trouble breathing and sometimes death. […] Most people infected with the virus that causes polio, called poliovirus, don’t get symptoms. […] About 5% of people with the poliovirus get a mild version of the disease called abortive poliomyelitis. This leads to flu-like symptoms that last 2 to 3 days. These include: Fever, Headache, Muscle aches, Sore throat, Stomachache, Loss of appetite, Nausea, Vomiting. […] A more severe form of the disease, called nonparalytic polio, affects about 1% of those infected. While the illness lasts longer than a few days, it doesn’t cause paralysis.

• #22 Poliomyelitis (Polio) in Children | Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia

  https://www.chop.edu/conditions-diseases/poliomyelitis-polio-children

  Poliovirus infections can exhibit symptoms in varying degrees of severity. Each child may experience symptoms differently. The majority of individuals (90 to 95 percent) have no symptoms at all. This is referred to as inapparent infection. Three other categories of polio infection will be discussed: […] Abortive poliomyelitis. A mild and short course of the disease with one or more symptoms: fever (up to 103 degrees Fahrenheit or 39.4 degrees Celsius), decreased appetite, nausea and/or vomiting, sore throat, malaise (not feeling well), constipation, or abdominal pain. […] Nonparalytic poliomyelitis. The symptoms of nonparalytic poliomyelitis include the symptoms for abortive poliomyelitis, but the headache, nausea, and vomiting may be worse. In addition, symptoms may include the child feeling sick for a couple of days, and then appear to improve before getting sick again with pain of the muscles in the neck, trunk, arms, and legs, and stiffness in the neck and along the spine.

• #23 Polio: MedlinePlus Medical EncyclopediaLock

  https://medlineplus.gov/ency/article/001402.htm

  People with this form of polio have signs of abortive polio and their symptoms are more intense. Other symptoms may include: Stiff and sore muscles at the back of the neck, trunk, arms, and legs, Urinary problems and constipation, Changes in muscle reaction (reflexes) as the disease progresses. […] This form of polio develops in a small percentage of people who are infected with the polio virus. Symptoms include those of abortive and nonparalytic polio. Other symptoms may include: Muscle weakness, paralysis, loss of muscle tissue, Breathing that is weak, Difficulty swallowing, Drooling, Hoarse voice, Severe constipation and urinary problems.

• #24 Poliomyelitis (Polio) | Loma Linda University Health

  https://lluh.org/conditions/poliomyelitis-polio

  Symptoms of polio vary in their severity. Most affected people have no symptoms at all. This is called an inapparent infection. The other types of polio are abortive, nonparalytic, and paralytic. […] The following are the most common symptoms of polio. But each person may have different symptoms. […] Abortive polio is a mild and short course of the disease with 1 or more of these symptoms: Fever, Decreased appetite, Nausea or vomiting, Sore throat, Not feeling well all over (malaise), Constipation, Belly (abdominal) pain. […] The symptoms for nonparalytic polio are like abortive polio. The infected person may feel sick for a couple of days. Then they may seem to improve before getting sick again with these symptoms: Muscle pain in the neck, trunk, arms, and legs, Stiffness in the neck and along the spine. […] The symptoms for paralytic polio are like the other 2 types. Plus these symptoms may happen: Muscle weakness all over, Severe constipation, Muscle wasting, Weakened breathing, Trouble swallowing, Muscle paralysis (may be permanent), Drooling.

• #25 Poliomyelitis: Symptoms, Causes, Treatment

  https://primecareprosthetics.com/conditions/poliomyelitis

  Weakness, fever, stiffness, fatigue, severe headache, swallowing difficulty […] The symptoms of polio can vary widely, and not everyone who contracts the virus will experience the same symptoms. There are three main types of polio symptoms: […] About 1 out of 4 people have mild, flu-like symptoms, which may include: Fever; Headache; Sore throat; Fatigue; Muscle pain or stiffness; Vomiting; Meningitis-like symptoms (stiff neck and back) – occur in about 15 out of 100 people. […] This is the most severe form of polio and can lead to muscle weakness or paralysis. These symptoms occur in about 1 out of 200 people to 1 in 2000 people, depending on virus type. […] It’s important to note that most polio infections result in asymptomatic or mild symptoms, with only a small percentage of cases progressing to paralytic polio. The severity of symptoms can vary from person to person, and in rare instances, serious symptoms of paralytic polio can be life-threatening.

• #26 Polio: MedlinePlus Medical EncyclopediaLock

  https://medlineplus.gov/ency/article/001402.htm

  People with this form of polio have signs of abortive polio and their symptoms are more intense. Other symptoms may include: Stiff and sore muscles at the back of the neck, trunk, arms, and legs, Urinary problems and constipation, Changes in muscle reaction (reflexes) as the disease progresses. […] This form of polio develops in a small percentage of people who are infected with the polio virus. Symptoms include those of abortive and nonparalytic polio. Other symptoms may include: Muscle weakness, paralysis, loss of muscle tissue, Breathing that is weak, Difficulty swallowing, Drooling, Hoarse voice, Severe constipation and urinary problems.

• #27 Polio: MedlinePlus Medical EncyclopediaLock

  https://medlineplus.gov/ency/article/001402.htm

  People with this form of polio have signs of abortive polio and their symptoms are more intense. Other symptoms may include: Stiff and sore muscles at the back of the neck, trunk, arms, and legs, Urinary problems and constipation, Changes in muscle reaction (reflexes) as the disease progresses. […] This form of polio develops in a small percentage of people who are infected with the polio virus. Symptoms include those of abortive and nonparalytic polio. Other symptoms may include: Muscle weakness, paralysis, loss of muscle tissue, Breathing that is weak, Difficulty swallowing, Drooling, Hoarse voice, Severe constipation and urinary problems.

• #28 Poliomyelitis (Polio) in Children | Cedars-Sinai

  https://www.cedars-sinai.org/health-library/diseases-and-conditions—pediatrics/p/poliomyelitis-polio-in-children.html

  Polio is a very contagious disease caused by a virus. Most children who are infected with polio have no symptoms. A few have mild symptoms. The virus is most known for attacking the nervous system and causing paralysis. But very few children with polio develop paralysis. […] The most common symptoms of abortive polio can include: Fever, Less appetite than normal, Upset stomach (nausea) and vomiting, Sore throat, Not feeling well all over (malaise), Constipation, Belly pain. […] The most common symptoms of nonparalytic polio can include the same symptoms as abortive. Then after symptoms start to go away, the child may have: Muscle pain in the neck, torso, arms, and legs, Stiffness in the neck and along the spine. […] The symptoms for paralytic polio are the same as above. They can also include: Muscle weakness all over, Severe constipation, Bladder paralysis, Muscle wasting, Weakened breathing, Weak cough, Hoarse voice, Trouble swallowing, Muscle paralysis that may be permanent, Drooling, Grouchiness and anger.

• #29 Polio – Symptoms and causes – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/polio/symptoms-causes/syc-20376512

  Polio is an illness caused by a virus that mainly affects nerves in the spinal cord or brain stem. In its most severe form, polio can lead to a person being unable to move certain limbs, also called paralysis. It can also lead to trouble breathing and sometimes death. […] Most people infected with the virus that causes polio, called poliovirus, don’t get symptoms. […] About 5% of people with the poliovirus get a mild version of the disease called abortive poliomyelitis. This leads to flu-like symptoms that last 2 to 3 days. These include: Fever, Headache, Muscle aches, Sore throat, Stomachache, Loss of appetite, Nausea, Vomiting. […] A more severe form of the disease, called nonparalytic polio, affects about 1% of those infected. While the illness lasts longer than a few days, it doesn’t cause paralysis.

• #30 Polio: Symptoms, treatments, and vaccines

  https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/155580

  Polio, also known as poliomyelitis and infantile paralysis, is a highly contagious viral infection that can lead to paralysis, breathing problems, or even death. […] Polio can be classified as occurring with or without symptoms. About 95 percent of all cases are asymptomatic, and between 4 and 8 percent of cases are symptomatic. […] Polio, in its most severe forms, can cause paralysis and death. However, most people with polio do not display any symptoms or become noticeably sick. When symptoms do appear, they differ depending on the type of polio. […] Symptomatic polio can be broken down further into a mild form, called non-paralytic or abortive polio, and a severe form called paralytic polio that occurs in around 1 percent of cases. […] Many people with non-paralytic polio make a full recovery. Unfortunately, those with paralytic polio generally develop permanent paralysis.

• #31

  https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/poliomyelitis

  Polio is a highly infectious disease caused by a virus. It invades the nervous system and can cause total paralysis in a matter of hours. The initial symptoms are fever, fatigue, headache, vomiting, stiffness of the neck and pain in the limbs. One in 200 infections leads to irreversible paralysis (usually in the legs). Among those paralysed, 510% die when their breathing muscles become immobilized. […] Polio mainly affects children under 5 years of age. However, anyone of any age who is unvaccinated can contract the disease.

• #32 Polio: Symptoms, treatments, and vaccines

  https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/155580

  Non-paralytic polio, also called abortive poliomyelitis, leads to flu-like symptoms that last for a few days or weeks. These include: fever, sore throat, headache, vomiting, fatigue, back and neck pain, arm and leg stiffness, muscle tenderness and spasms, meningitis, an infection of the membranes surrounding the brain. […] Paralytic polio affects only a small percentage of those invaded by the polio virus. In these cases, the virus enters motor neurons where it replicates and destroys the cells. These cells are in the spinal cord, brain stem, or motor cortex, which is an area of the brain important in controlling movements. […] Symptoms of paralytic polio often start in a similar way to non-paralytic polio, but later progress to more serious symptoms such as: a loss of muscle reflexes, severe muscle pain and spasms, loose or floppy limbs that are often worse on one side of the body.

• #33 Polio in Children | Boston Children’s Hospital

  https://www.childrenshospital.org/conditions/polio

  The most severe form can result in paralysis. […] About 90 to 95 percent of people who do get infected with polio have no symptoms at all. Of those who do get the infection, 2 percent or fewer may develop paralytic disease. Symptoms may vary depending on the kind of polio and vary child-to-child. […] The most common include: […] For abortive poliomyelitis: Fever (up to 103 F), Decreased appetite, Nausea and/or vomiting, Sore throat, Not feeling well, Constipation, Abdominal pain. […] For nonparalytic poliomyelitis: Headache, nausea, and vomiting may be worse, Child may feel sick for a couple of days, then appear to improve before getting sick again, Pain of the muscles in the neck, trunk, arms, and legs, Stiffness in the neck and along the spine. […] For paralytic poliomyelitis: The symptoms of nonparalytic and abortive poliomyelitis, Muscle weakness all over, Severe constipation, Muscle wasting, Weakened breathing, Difficulty swallowing, Weak cough, Flushed or blotchy skin, Hoarse voice, Bladder paralysis, Muscle paralysis.

• #34 Polio: Symptoms, Prevention, and Treatment

  https://www.webmd.com/children/what-is-polio

  Symptoms depend on the type of polio you have. […] Abortive polio symptoms: Fever, Headache, Muscle aches, Sore throat, Stomachache, Loss of appetite, Nausea, Vomiting. It’s common not to have any symptoms with abortive polio. […] Nonparalytic polio symptoms include more severe symptoms of abortive polio, plus: Pain and stiffness in your neck, Aches or stiffness in your arms or legs, Bad headache. There may also be a second phase of nonparalytic polio. After you have seemed to get better, you might have: Spine and neck stiffness, Decreased reflexes, Muscle weakness. […] Paralytic polio symptoms: A loss of reflexes, Severe muscle pain or weakness, Floppy limbs, A feeling of pins and needles in your legs, Paralyzed arms, legs, or both, Severe sensitivity to touch, Problems swallowing, Difficulty breathing. […] Symptoms of post-polio syndrome: Problems with breathing and swallowing, Muscle loss, Sleep disorders like sleep apnea, Trouble handling low temperatures.

• #35 Polio – Symptoms and causes – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/polio/symptoms-causes/syc-20376512

  This most serious form of the disease is rare. The disease begins much like nonparalytic polio. But it progresses to more-severe signs and symptoms, including: Intense pain, Extreme sensitivity to touch, Tingling or pricking sensations, Muscles spasms or twitching, Muscles weakness progressing to a limp paralysis. […] Any combination of limbs may experience paralysis. But paralysis of one leg is most common, followed by paralysis of one arm. […] Depending on the severity of disease, other signs or symptoms may include: Paralysis of muscles involved in breathing, Difficulty swallowing. […] Post-polio syndrome is the appearance of new signs or symptoms or the progression of problems. This usually happens decades after having polio. Common signs and symptoms include: Progressive muscle or joint weakness and pain, Fatigue, Muscle wasting, Breathing or swallowing problems, Sleep-related breathing disorders, such as sleep apnea, Lowered tolerance of cold temperatures.

• #36 Polio – Symptoms and causes – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/polio/symptoms-causes/syc-20376512

  This most serious form of the disease is rare. The disease begins much like nonparalytic polio. But it progresses to more-severe signs and symptoms, including: Intense pain, Extreme sensitivity to touch, Tingling or pricking sensations, Muscles spasms or twitching, Muscles weakness progressing to a limp paralysis. […] Any combination of limbs may experience paralysis. But paralysis of one leg is most common, followed by paralysis of one arm. […] Depending on the severity of disease, other signs or symptoms may include: Paralysis of muscles involved in breathing, Difficulty swallowing. […] Post-polio syndrome is the appearance of new signs or symptoms or the progression of problems. This usually happens decades after having polio. Common signs and symptoms include: Progressive muscle or joint weakness and pain, Fatigue, Muscle wasting, Breathing or swallowing problems, Sleep-related breathing disorders, such as sleep apnea, Lowered tolerance of cold temperatures.

• #37 Polio – Symptoms and causes – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/polio/symptoms-causes/syc-20376512

  This most serious form of the disease is rare. The disease begins much like nonparalytic polio. But it progresses to more-severe signs and symptoms, including: Intense pain, Extreme sensitivity to touch, Tingling or pricking sensations, Muscles spasms or twitching, Muscles weakness progressing to a limp paralysis. […] Any combination of limbs may experience paralysis. But paralysis of one leg is most common, followed by paralysis of one arm. […] Depending on the severity of disease, other signs or symptoms may include: Paralysis of muscles involved in breathing, Difficulty swallowing. […] Post-polio syndrome is the appearance of new signs or symptoms or the progression of problems. This usually happens decades after having polio. Common signs and symptoms include: Progressive muscle or joint weakness and pain, Fatigue, Muscle wasting, Breathing or swallowing problems, Sleep-related breathing disorders, such as sleep apnea, Lowered tolerance of cold temperatures.

• #38 Polio – Symptoms, Causes, Vaccine and Treatment | Apollo Hospitals

  https://www.apollohospitals.com/diseases-and-conditions/polio-symptoms-causes-vaccine-and-treatment/

  Below are the symptoms of paralytic polio: Initial signs of paralytic polio like headache and fever, often mimic those of nonparalytic polio. However, within a week other signs and symptoms appear, including: Loss of reflexes, Severe muscle aches or weakness, Loose and floppy limbs (flaccid paralysis). […] This is followed by post polio paralytic sequelae like: Progressive muscle or joint weakness and pain, Fatigue, Muscle wasting, Breathing or swallowing problems, Sleep-related breathing disorders, Decreased tolerance of cold temperatures.

• #39 Polio – Symptoms and causes – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/polio/symptoms-causes/syc-20376512

  This most serious form of the disease is rare. The disease begins much like nonparalytic polio. But it progresses to more-severe signs and symptoms, including: Intense pain, Extreme sensitivity to touch, Tingling or pricking sensations, Muscles spasms or twitching, Muscles weakness progressing to a limp paralysis. […] Any combination of limbs may experience paralysis. But paralysis of one leg is most common, followed by paralysis of one arm. […] Depending on the severity of disease, other signs or symptoms may include: Paralysis of muscles involved in breathing, Difficulty swallowing. […] Post-polio syndrome is the appearance of new signs or symptoms or the progression of problems. This usually happens decades after having polio. Common signs and symptoms include: Progressive muscle or joint weakness and pain, Fatigue, Muscle wasting, Breathing or swallowing problems, Sleep-related breathing disorders, such as sleep apnea, Lowered tolerance of cold temperatures.

• #40 Acute Poliomyelitis: Practice Essentials, Pathophysiology, Epidemiology

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/306440-overview

  Acute poliomyelitis is a disease of the anterior horn motor neurons of the spinal cord and brain stem caused by poliovirus. Flaccid asymmetrical weakness and muscle atrophy are the hallmarks of its clinical manifestations, due to loss of motor neurons and denervation of their associated skeletal muscles. […] Paralytic poliomyelitis is characterized by the following: Severe muscle pain and spasms, followed by weakness, develop; muscle weakness tends to become maximal within 48 hours but may develop for longer than a week; no progression of weakness should be noted after the temperature drops to normal for 48 hours; weakness is asymmetrical, with the lower limbs affected more than upper limbs. […] Paralysis remains for days or weeks before slow recovery occurs over months or years; which factors favor development of paralytic disease remains unclear, but some evidence exists that physical activity and intramuscular injections during the prodrome may be important exacerbating factors.

• #41 Acute Poliomyelitis: Practice Essentials, Pathophysiology, Epidemiology

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/306440-overview

  Acute poliomyelitis is a disease of the anterior horn motor neurons of the spinal cord and brain stem caused by poliovirus. Flaccid asymmetrical weakness and muscle atrophy are the hallmarks of its clinical manifestations, due to loss of motor neurons and denervation of their associated skeletal muscles. […] Paralytic poliomyelitis is characterized by the following: Severe muscle pain and spasms, followed by weakness, develop; muscle weakness tends to become maximal within 48 hours but may develop for longer than a week; no progression of weakness should be noted after the temperature drops to normal for 48 hours; weakness is asymmetrical, with the lower limbs affected more than upper limbs. […] Paralysis remains for days or weeks before slow recovery occurs over months or years; which factors favor development of paralytic disease remains unclear, but some evidence exists that physical activity and intramuscular injections during the prodrome may be important exacerbating factors.

• #42 Polio: MedlinePlus Medical EncyclopediaLock

  https://medlineplus.gov/ency/article/001402.htm

  People with this form of polio have signs of abortive polio and their symptoms are more intense. Other symptoms may include: Stiff and sore muscles at the back of the neck, trunk, arms, and legs, Urinary problems and constipation, Changes in muscle reaction (reflexes) as the disease progresses. […] This form of polio develops in a small percentage of people who are infected with the polio virus. Symptoms include those of abortive and nonparalytic polio. Other symptoms may include: Muscle weakness, paralysis, loss of muscle tissue, Breathing that is weak, Difficulty swallowing, Drooling, Hoarse voice, Severe constipation and urinary problems.

• #43 Polio: Symptoms, treatments, and vaccines

  https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/155580

  Paralytic polio may also be classified as: Spinal polio: The virus attacks motor neurons in the spinal cord that causes paralysis in the arms and legs, and breathing problems. Bulbar polio: The virus affects the neurons responsible for sight, taste, swallowing, and breathing. Bulbospinal polio: The virus causes symptoms of both spinal and bulbar polio. […] Post-polio syndrome describes a cluster of symptoms that affect up to 64 percent of all polio patients. It occurs several years after polio has passed. On average, post-polio syndrome occurs 35 years after the infection. […] Signs and symptoms include: muscle and joint pain and weakness that slowly progresses, muscle atrophy or shrinkage, exhaustion for no reason, swallowing and breathing difficulties, suffering in colder temperatures, sleep-related problems, such as apnea, concentration and memory difficulties, mood swings and depression. […] Post-polio syndrome is a slow, progressive disease. There is no cure, but it is not infectious or contagious.

• #44 Polio & Post-Polio – Polio Survivors Network

  https://poliosurvivorsnetwork.org.uk/new/polio-and-post-polio/

  Spinal polio: where paralysis involves the skeletal muscles supplied by the spinal nerves. […] Bulbar polio: where there is the involvement of the muscles supplied by the cranial nerves. This type was seen in about 5 to 35% of cases (depending on the epidemic and led to problems of breathing, swallowing and speech). […] Spinal/Bulbar polio: where both areas of the body were affected. […] There are four stages to being a polio survivor: 1. Polio The time when you are infected by the polio virus 2. Recovery The time when you are recovered to your best ability 3. Stable period A stable period of function between 10 and 50 years 4. New symptoms Experienced by some polio survivors most commonly termed post-polio syndrome (PPS). […] These demonstrate that there were considerable levels of damage below which weakness was not clinically evident at the time of the diagnostic examination and that it is possible for polio survivors to have new issues in areas of their bodies previously not affected by weakness.

• #45 Polio: Symptoms, treatments, and vaccines

  https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/155580

  Paralytic polio may also be classified as: Spinal polio: The virus attacks motor neurons in the spinal cord that causes paralysis in the arms and legs, and breathing problems. Bulbar polio: The virus affects the neurons responsible for sight, taste, swallowing, and breathing. Bulbospinal polio: The virus causes symptoms of both spinal and bulbar polio. […] Post-polio syndrome describes a cluster of symptoms that affect up to 64 percent of all polio patients. It occurs several years after polio has passed. On average, post-polio syndrome occurs 35 years after the infection. […] Signs and symptoms include: muscle and joint pain and weakness that slowly progresses, muscle atrophy or shrinkage, exhaustion for no reason, swallowing and breathing difficulties, suffering in colder temperatures, sleep-related problems, such as apnea, concentration and memory difficulties, mood swings and depression. […] Post-polio syndrome is a slow, progressive disease. There is no cure, but it is not infectious or contagious.

• #46 Polio: Symptoms, treatments, and vaccines

  https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/155580

  Paralytic polio may also be classified as: Spinal polio: The virus attacks motor neurons in the spinal cord that causes paralysis in the arms and legs, and breathing problems. Bulbar polio: The virus affects the neurons responsible for sight, taste, swallowing, and breathing. Bulbospinal polio: The virus causes symptoms of both spinal and bulbar polio. […] Post-polio syndrome describes a cluster of symptoms that affect up to 64 percent of all polio patients. It occurs several years after polio has passed. On average, post-polio syndrome occurs 35 years after the infection. […] Signs and symptoms include: muscle and joint pain and weakness that slowly progresses, muscle atrophy or shrinkage, exhaustion for no reason, swallowing and breathing difficulties, suffering in colder temperatures, sleep-related problems, such as apnea, concentration and memory difficulties, mood swings and depression. […] Post-polio syndrome is a slow, progressive disease. There is no cure, but it is not infectious or contagious.

• #47 Disease factsheet about poliomyelitis

  https://www.ecdc.europa.eu/en/poliomyelitis/facts

  Bulbar poliomyelitis is a serious form of the disease resulting from paralysis of the muscles innervated by the cranial nerves, and this can lead to dysphagia, nasal speech, pooling of secretions and dyspnoea. In rare instances polio can present as encephalitis, clinically indistinguishable from other causes of viral encephalitis. […] The mortality rate for acute paralytic polio ranges from 5-15%. […] The paralysis can progress for up to one week. Permanent weakness is observed in two-thirds of patients with paralytic poliomyelitis. After 30 days, most of the reversible damage will have disappeared, and some return of function can still be expected for up to nine months. […] Post-polio syndrome is a poorly understood condition, characterised by the onset of fatigue, muscle weakness and wasting in patients who have recovered from paralytic polio. It can start several years after the acute disease.

• #48 Polio: Symptoms, treatments, and vaccines

  https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/155580

  Paralytic polio may also be classified as: Spinal polio: The virus attacks motor neurons in the spinal cord that causes paralysis in the arms and legs, and breathing problems. Bulbar polio: The virus affects the neurons responsible for sight, taste, swallowing, and breathing. Bulbospinal polio: The virus causes symptoms of both spinal and bulbar polio. […] Post-polio syndrome describes a cluster of symptoms that affect up to 64 percent of all polio patients. It occurs several years after polio has passed. On average, post-polio syndrome occurs 35 years after the infection. […] Signs and symptoms include: muscle and joint pain and weakness that slowly progresses, muscle atrophy or shrinkage, exhaustion for no reason, swallowing and breathing difficulties, suffering in colder temperatures, sleep-related problems, such as apnea, concentration and memory difficulties, mood swings and depression. […] Post-polio syndrome is a slow, progressive disease. There is no cure, but it is not infectious or contagious.

• #49 Poliomyelitis – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK558944/

  Poliomyelitis is a highly transmissible infection nearing global eradication. However, recent outbreaks and vaccine-derived cases highlight the ongoing risk. Most infections are asymptomatic, with 70% to 95% presenting as a self-limiting flu-like illness. However, up to 1 in 200 cases involve rapid-onset flaccid paralysis, with the potential for lifelong disability or death. […] The presentation of polio is highly variable, ranging from asymptomatic to a transient flu-like viral illness to paralysis, quadriplegia, and even respiratory failure and death. Many polio survivors experience a poor quality of life. […] The acute, prodromal, or pre-paralytic stage of poliovirus infection is similar to many other viral illnesses; fever, malaise, headache, myalgia, fatigue, nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, and sore throat are commonly observed. In almost all cases, the infection resolves in 2 to 10 days without further sequelae.

• #50 Acute Poliomyelitis: Practice Essentials, Pathophysiology, Epidemiology

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/306440-overview

  Acute poliomyelitis is a disease of the anterior horn motor neurons of the spinal cord and brain stem caused by poliovirus. Flaccid asymmetrical weakness and muscle atrophy are the hallmarks of its clinical manifestations, due to loss of motor neurons and denervation of their associated skeletal muscles. […] Paralytic poliomyelitis is characterized by the following: Severe muscle pain and spasms, followed by weakness, develop; muscle weakness tends to become maximal within 48 hours but may develop for longer than a week; no progression of weakness should be noted after the temperature drops to normal for 48 hours; weakness is asymmetrical, with the lower limbs affected more than upper limbs. […] Paralysis remains for days or weeks before slow recovery occurs over months or years; which factors favor development of paralytic disease remains unclear, but some evidence exists that physical activity and intramuscular injections during the prodrome may be important exacerbating factors.

• #51 Poliomyelitis – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK558944/

  Poliomyelitis is a highly transmissible infection nearing global eradication. However, recent outbreaks and vaccine-derived cases highlight the ongoing risk. Most infections are asymptomatic, with 70% to 95% presenting as a self-limiting flu-like illness. However, up to 1 in 200 cases involve rapid-onset flaccid paralysis, with the potential for lifelong disability or death. […] The presentation of polio is highly variable, ranging from asymptomatic to a transient flu-like viral illness to paralysis, quadriplegia, and even respiratory failure and death. Many polio survivors experience a poor quality of life. […] The acute, prodromal, or pre-paralytic stage of poliovirus infection is similar to many other viral illnesses; fever, malaise, headache, myalgia, fatigue, nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, and sore throat are commonly observed. In almost all cases, the infection resolves in 2 to 10 days without further sequelae.

• #52 Poliomyelitis – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK558944/

  Weakness or flaccid paralysis ensues in an asymmetric distribution, with proximal to distal progression. Maximum paralysis is reached within 2 to 4 days, rarely progressing further after fever resolution. […] The clinical manifestations depend on the site of viral invasion and the extent of viral replication, resulting in paralysis with a variable distribution and severity, affecting whole or parts of muscles or entire muscle groups. In most cases, spinal paralysis results in paralysis of the muscles of the lower limbs and, less commonly, of the arms, trunk, or diaphragm. […] For those with poliomyelitis (ie, symptomatic poliovirus infection), 10% to 15% will die due to bulbar involvement, with respiratory and cardiovascular collapse. For those who survive, recovery and residual paralysis stages follow. Convalescence or recovery begins when the acute, flu-like illness resolves and no further paralysis occurs.

• #53 Polio – Wikipedia

  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polio

  Early symptoms of paralytic polio include high fever, headache, stiffness in the back and neck, asymmetrical weakness of various muscles, sensitivity to touch, difficulty swallowing, muscle pain, loss of superficial and deep reflexes, paresthesia (pins and needles), irritability, constipation, or difficulty urinating. Paralysis generally develops one to ten days after early symptoms begin, progresses for two to three days, and is usually complete by the time the fever breaks. The likelihood of developing paralytic polio increases with age, as does the extent of paralysis. In children, nonparalytic meningitis is the most likely consequence of CNS involvement, and paralysis occurs in only one in 1000 cases. In adults, paralysis occurs in one in 75 cases. In children under five years of age, paralysis of one leg is most common; in adults, extensive paralysis of the chest and abdomen also affecting all four limbs quadriplegia is more likely. Paralysis rates also vary depending on the serotype of the infecting poliovirus; the highest rates of paralysis (one in 200) are associated with poliovirus type 1, the lowest rates (one in 2,000) are associated with type 2.

• #54 Azthena logo with the word Azthena

  https://www.news-medical.net/health/Symptoms-of-Polio.aspx

  If the spinal cord is affected closer to the brain or if the lower part of the brain called the brain stem is affected there may be severe paralysis of the respiratory muscles making it difficult to breathe. This may be life threatening. […] In the lower parts of the spinal cord the infection may lead to permanent muscle weakness of the lower limbs and paralysis and disability. Thus the level of spinal cord that is affected determines the outcome of the illness. […] Paralytic polio begins with a fever for 5 to 7 days before any other symptom. […] There may be abnormal sensation in the paralyzed area, bloating of the abdomen, constipation, difficulty in urinating, difficulty breathing, drooling, headache and irritability, muscle pain and stiffness in the back, neck and legs, weakness over one side that comes in quickly and worsens into paralysis, simple touch may be painful, there may be difficulty in swallowing.

• #55 Disease factsheet about poliomyelitis

  https://www.ecdc.europa.eu/en/poliomyelitis/facts

  Poliovirus infections can lead to a spectrum of clinical presentations, ranging from subclinical infection to paralysis and death. The majority of poliovirus infections are asymptomatic; up to 70% of infected individuals experience no symptoms and about 25% experience mild symptoms. […] Paralytic poliomyelitis occurs in less than 1% of all infections. The disease is traditionally classified into spinal, bulbar and bulbospinal types, depending on the site of the affected motor neurons. […] Spinal poliomyelitis starts with symptoms of meningitis, followed by severe myalgia and localised sensory (hyperaesthesia, paraesthesia) and motor (spasms, fasciculations) symptoms. After one to two days, weakness and paralysis sets in. […] The weakness is classically an asymmetrical, flaccid paralysis that peaks at 48 hours after onset. This is classified as an acute flaccid paralysis (AFP). Proximal muscle groups are affected more than distal groups. Any combination of limbs may be paralysed, although lower limbs are predominantly affected.

• #56 Polio – Wikipedia

  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polio

  Early symptoms of paralytic polio include high fever, headache, stiffness in the back and neck, asymmetrical weakness of various muscles, sensitivity to touch, difficulty swallowing, muscle pain, loss of superficial and deep reflexes, paresthesia (pins and needles), irritability, constipation, or difficulty urinating. Paralysis generally develops one to ten days after early symptoms begin, progresses for two to three days, and is usually complete by the time the fever breaks. The likelihood of developing paralytic polio increases with age, as does the extent of paralysis. In children, nonparalytic meningitis is the most likely consequence of CNS involvement, and paralysis occurs in only one in 1000 cases. In adults, paralysis occurs in one in 75 cases. In children under five years of age, paralysis of one leg is most common; in adults, extensive paralysis of the chest and abdomen also affecting all four limbs quadriplegia is more likely. Paralysis rates also vary depending on the serotype of the infecting poliovirus; the highest rates of paralysis (one in 200) are associated with poliovirus type 1, the lowest rates (one in 2,000) are associated with type 2.

• #57 Azthena logo with the word Azthena

  https://www.news-medical.net/health/Symptoms-of-Polio.aspx

  If the spinal cord is affected closer to the brain or if the lower part of the brain called the brain stem is affected there may be severe paralysis of the respiratory muscles making it difficult to breathe. This may be life threatening. […] In the lower parts of the spinal cord the infection may lead to permanent muscle weakness of the lower limbs and paralysis and disability. Thus the level of spinal cord that is affected determines the outcome of the illness. […] Paralytic polio begins with a fever for 5 to 7 days before any other symptom. […] There may be abnormal sensation in the paralyzed area, bloating of the abdomen, constipation, difficulty in urinating, difficulty breathing, drooling, headache and irritability, muscle pain and stiffness in the back, neck and legs, weakness over one side that comes in quickly and worsens into paralysis, simple touch may be painful, there may be difficulty in swallowing.

• #58 Polio – Infections – Merck Manual Consumer Version

  https://www.merckmanuals.com/home/infections/enteroviruses/polio

  The person may have difficulty swallowing and may choke on saliva, food, or fluids. Sometimes fluids go up into the nose, and the voice may develop a nasal quality. Sometimes the part of the brain responsible for breathing is affected, causing weakness or paralysis of the chest muscles. Some people are completely unable to breathe. […] About two thirds of people who have paralytic poliomyelitis have some permanent weakness. Mortality has been reported to be 2 to 5% among children, up to 15 to 30% in adolescents and adults, and increases to 25 to 75% in people in whom polio affects the nerves that control blood pressure and breathing. […] Some people, even those who apparently have recovered completely, develop a return or worsening of muscle weakness years or decades after an attack of polio (see Postpolio Syndrome).

• #59 Polio: MedlinePlus Medical EncyclopediaLock

  https://medlineplus.gov/ency/article/001402.htm

  People with this form of polio have signs of abortive polio and their symptoms are more intense. Other symptoms may include: Stiff and sore muscles at the back of the neck, trunk, arms, and legs, Urinary problems and constipation, Changes in muscle reaction (reflexes) as the disease progresses. […] This form of polio develops in a small percentage of people who are infected with the polio virus. Symptoms include those of abortive and nonparalytic polio. Other symptoms may include: Muscle weakness, paralysis, loss of muscle tissue, Breathing that is weak, Difficulty swallowing, Drooling, Hoarse voice, Severe constipation and urinary problems.

• #60 Polio: MedlinePlus Medical EncyclopediaLock

  https://medlineplus.gov/ency/article/001402.htm

  People with this form of polio have signs of abortive polio and their symptoms are more intense. Other symptoms may include: Stiff and sore muscles at the back of the neck, trunk, arms, and legs, Urinary problems and constipation, Changes in muscle reaction (reflexes) as the disease progresses. […] This form of polio develops in a small percentage of people who are infected with the polio virus. Symptoms include those of abortive and nonparalytic polio. Other symptoms may include: Muscle weakness, paralysis, loss of muscle tissue, Breathing that is weak, Difficulty swallowing, Drooling, Hoarse voice, Severe constipation and urinary problems.

• #61 Polio – Wikipedia

  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polio

  Early symptoms of paralytic polio include high fever, headache, stiffness in the back and neck, asymmetrical weakness of various muscles, sensitivity to touch, difficulty swallowing, muscle pain, loss of superficial and deep reflexes, paresthesia (pins and needles), irritability, constipation, or difficulty urinating. Paralysis generally develops one to ten days after early symptoms begin, progresses for two to three days, and is usually complete by the time the fever breaks. The likelihood of developing paralytic polio increases with age, as does the extent of paralysis. In children, nonparalytic meningitis is the most likely consequence of CNS involvement, and paralysis occurs in only one in 1000 cases. In adults, paralysis occurs in one in 75 cases. In children under five years of age, paralysis of one leg is most common; in adults, extensive paralysis of the chest and abdomen also affecting all four limbs quadriplegia is more likely. Paralysis rates also vary depending on the serotype of the infecting poliovirus; the highest rates of paralysis (one in 200) are associated with poliovirus type 1, the lowest rates (one in 2,000) are associated with type 2.

• #62 Poliomyelitis – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK558944/

  Weakness or flaccid paralysis ensues in an asymmetric distribution, with proximal to distal progression. Maximum paralysis is reached within 2 to 4 days, rarely progressing further after fever resolution. […] The clinical manifestations depend on the site of viral invasion and the extent of viral replication, resulting in paralysis with a variable distribution and severity, affecting whole or parts of muscles or entire muscle groups. In most cases, spinal paralysis results in paralysis of the muscles of the lower limbs and, less commonly, of the arms, trunk, or diaphragm. […] For those with poliomyelitis (ie, symptomatic poliovirus infection), 10% to 15% will die due to bulbar involvement, with respiratory and cardiovascular collapse. For those who survive, recovery and residual paralysis stages follow. Convalescence or recovery begins when the acute, flu-like illness resolves and no further paralysis occurs.

• #63 Polio: Symptoms, treatments, and vaccines

  https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/155580

  Polio, also known as poliomyelitis and infantile paralysis, is a highly contagious viral infection that can lead to paralysis, breathing problems, or even death. […] Polio can be classified as occurring with or without symptoms. About 95 percent of all cases are asymptomatic, and between 4 and 8 percent of cases are symptomatic. […] Polio, in its most severe forms, can cause paralysis and death. However, most people with polio do not display any symptoms or become noticeably sick. When symptoms do appear, they differ depending on the type of polio. […] Symptomatic polio can be broken down further into a mild form, called non-paralytic or abortive polio, and a severe form called paralytic polio that occurs in around 1 percent of cases. […] Many people with non-paralytic polio make a full recovery. Unfortunately, those with paralytic polio generally develop permanent paralysis.

• #64 Poliomyelitis – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK558944/

  Approximately 60% of polio survivors have permanent deficits. The more severe the acute phase of the disease, the greater the likelihood of residual deficits and the development of postpolio syndrome in the future. […] Approximately 25% to 40% of patients with previous paralytic polio also develop PPS over their lifetime. The diagnosis of post-polio syndrome (PPS) requires at least 1 year of new and progressive muscle weakness or fatiguability following decades of stable paralysis after the acute infection. Other symptoms include generalized fatigue, muscle or joint pain, worsening respiratory function, and dysphagia.

• #65 Polio: symptoms, causes and treatment – myDr.com.au

  https://mydr.com.au/kids-teens-health/polio-what-you-need-to-know/

  Very few people with polio infection develop paralytic polio in fact, less than one per cent of those infected develop this severe form of the disease. In cases of paralytic polio, the virus spreads from the intestine to the brain and spinal cord, causing damage to the nerves that control muscle movement. […] Initial symptoms include fever, followed by severe headaches, neck and back pain and stiffness, muscle pains and spasms, constipation, and sometimes unusual skin sensations. Muscle weakness or paralysis generally develops 1-10 days after the other symptoms. The paralysis, which tends to be more severe on one side of the body than the other, may be temporary or permanent. Paralytic polio can be life-threatening when the muscles that are used for swallowing and breathing become weakened or paralysed. […] Most people with paralytic polio recover at least some function in the weeks and months following infection. About two-thirds of people who develop paralytic polio are left with some permanent muscle weakness.

• #66 Polio – Wikipedia

  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polio

  Early symptoms of paralytic polio include high fever, headache, stiffness in the back and neck, asymmetrical weakness of various muscles, sensitivity to touch, difficulty swallowing, muscle pain, loss of superficial and deep reflexes, paresthesia (pins and needles), irritability, constipation, or difficulty urinating. Paralysis generally develops one to ten days after early symptoms begin, progresses for two to three days, and is usually complete by the time the fever breaks. The likelihood of developing paralytic polio increases with age, as does the extent of paralysis. In children, nonparalytic meningitis is the most likely consequence of CNS involvement, and paralysis occurs in only one in 1000 cases. In adults, paralysis occurs in one in 75 cases. In children under five years of age, paralysis of one leg is most common; in adults, extensive paralysis of the chest and abdomen also affecting all four limbs quadriplegia is more likely. Paralysis rates also vary depending on the serotype of the infecting poliovirus; the highest rates of paralysis (one in 200) are associated with poliovirus type 1, the lowest rates (one in 2,000) are associated with type 2.

• #67 Disease factsheet about poliomyelitis

  https://www.ecdc.europa.eu/en/poliomyelitis/facts

  Poliovirus infections can lead to a spectrum of clinical presentations, ranging from subclinical infection to paralysis and death. The majority of poliovirus infections are asymptomatic; up to 70% of infected individuals experience no symptoms and about 25% experience mild symptoms. […] Paralytic poliomyelitis occurs in less than 1% of all infections. The disease is traditionally classified into spinal, bulbar and bulbospinal types, depending on the site of the affected motor neurons. […] Spinal poliomyelitis starts with symptoms of meningitis, followed by severe myalgia and localised sensory (hyperaesthesia, paraesthesia) and motor (spasms, fasciculations) symptoms. After one to two days, weakness and paralysis sets in. […] The weakness is classically an asymmetrical, flaccid paralysis that peaks at 48 hours after onset. This is classified as an acute flaccid paralysis (AFP). Proximal muscle groups are affected more than distal groups. Any combination of limbs may be paralysed, although lower limbs are predominantly affected.

• #68 Disease factsheet about poliomyelitis

  https://www.ecdc.europa.eu/en/poliomyelitis/facts

  Bulbar poliomyelitis is a serious form of the disease resulting from paralysis of the muscles innervated by the cranial nerves, and this can lead to dysphagia, nasal speech, pooling of secretions and dyspnoea. In rare instances polio can present as encephalitis, clinically indistinguishable from other causes of viral encephalitis. […] The mortality rate for acute paralytic polio ranges from 5-15%. […] The paralysis can progress for up to one week. Permanent weakness is observed in two-thirds of patients with paralytic poliomyelitis. After 30 days, most of the reversible damage will have disappeared, and some return of function can still be expected for up to nine months. […] Post-polio syndrome is a poorly understood condition, characterised by the onset of fatigue, muscle weakness and wasting in patients who have recovered from paralytic polio. It can start several years after the acute disease.

• #69 Poliomyelitis: symptoms, treatment, prevention – Institut Pasteur

  https://www.pasteur.fr/en/medical-center/disease-sheets/poliomyelitis

  Poliomyelitis is a highly contagious disease caused by a virus (the poliovirus), which invades the nervous system and can lead to irreversible paralysis in just a few hours. It mostly affects children under the age of five. […] The disease initially manifests in flu-like symptoms (fever, tiredness, headaches) and sometimes vomiting, neck stiffness and pain in the limbs. Irreversible paralysis (most commonly affecting the legs) occurs in approximately one in 200 infected individuals. […] Unless palliative measures are taken, between 5 and 10% of paralyzed patients die of asphyxiation due to paralysis of the muscles used for breathing. Residual paralysis can be observed in patients who survive and it causes varying degrees of disability. This can range from minor paralysis with complete independence to extremely debilitating paralysis potentially requiring lifelong respiratory support.

• #70 Poliomyelitis (Polio) in Children | Cedars-Sinai

  https://www.cedars-sinai.org/health-library/diseases-and-conditions—pediatrics/p/poliomyelitis-polio-in-children.html

  Most children who have paralysis will get some of their strength back over time. Some children will return to normal. A small number of children will die from the disease. […] Possible complications of paralytic polio can include permanent paralysis of certain muscle groups. This may include the leg muscles, or the muscles used for breathing. […] In rare cases, the illness can cause severe symptoms and long-term problems.

• #71 Content – Health Encyclopedia – University of Rochester Medical Center

  https://www.urmc.rochester.edu/encyclopedia/content?ContentTypeID=90&ContentID=P02536

  The symptoms for paralytic polio are the same as above. They can also include: Muscle weakness all over, Severe constipation, Bladder paralysis, Muscle wasting, Weakened breathing, Weak cough, Hoarse voice, Trouble swallowing, Muscle paralysis that may be permanent, Drooling, Grouchiness and anger. […] Most children who have paralysis will get some of their strength back over time. Some children will return to normal. A small number of children will die from the disease. […] The symptoms of polio can seem like other health conditions. Have your child see their healthcare provider for a diagnosis. […] Possible complications of paralytic polio can include permanent paralysis of certain muscle groups. This may include the leg muscles, or the muscles used for breathing. […] Most children who are infected with polio have no symptoms. A few have mild symptoms. In rare cases, the illness can cause severe symptoms and long-term problems. […] There is no medicine to cure the virus. Treatment is done to help aid a child’s comfort and recovery from the virus.

• #72 Polio (Poliomyelitis, Infantile Paralysis)

  https://www.health.ny.gov/diseases/communicable/polio/

  A smaller proportion of people will develop more serious symptoms that affect the brain and spinal cord, including: Paresthesia (feeling of pins and needles in the legs), Meningitis (infection of the covering of the spinal cord and/or brain), Paralysis (can’t move parts of the body) or weakness in the arms, legs, or both. […] New Yorkers should know that paralysis is the most severe symptom associated with polio, because it can lead to permanent disability and death. Even children who seem to fully recover can develop new muscle pain, weakness, or paralysis as adults 15 to 40 years later. This is called post-polio syndrome.

• #73 Polio – Infections – Merck Manual Consumer Version

  https://www.merckmanuals.com/home/infections/enteroviruses/polio

  The person may have difficulty swallowing and may choke on saliva, food, or fluids. Sometimes fluids go up into the nose, and the voice may develop a nasal quality. Sometimes the part of the brain responsible for breathing is affected, causing weakness or paralysis of the chest muscles. Some people are completely unable to breathe. […] About two thirds of people who have paralytic poliomyelitis have some permanent weakness. Mortality has been reported to be 2 to 5% among children, up to 15 to 30% in adolescents and adults, and increases to 25 to 75% in people in whom polio affects the nerves that control blood pressure and breathing. […] Some people, even those who apparently have recovered completely, develop a return or worsening of muscle weakness years or decades after an attack of polio (see Postpolio Syndrome).

• #74 Disease factsheet about poliomyelitis

  https://www.ecdc.europa.eu/en/poliomyelitis/facts

  Bulbar poliomyelitis is a serious form of the disease resulting from paralysis of the muscles innervated by the cranial nerves, and this can lead to dysphagia, nasal speech, pooling of secretions and dyspnoea. In rare instances polio can present as encephalitis, clinically indistinguishable from other causes of viral encephalitis. […] The mortality rate for acute paralytic polio ranges from 5-15%. […] The paralysis can progress for up to one week. Permanent weakness is observed in two-thirds of patients with paralytic poliomyelitis. After 30 days, most of the reversible damage will have disappeared, and some return of function can still be expected for up to nine months. […] Post-polio syndrome is a poorly understood condition, characterised by the onset of fatigue, muscle weakness and wasting in patients who have recovered from paralytic polio. It can start several years after the acute disease.

• #75 Polio – Symptoms and causes – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/polio/symptoms-causes/syc-20376512

  This most serious form of the disease is rare. The disease begins much like nonparalytic polio. But it progresses to more-severe signs and symptoms, including: Intense pain, Extreme sensitivity to touch, Tingling or pricking sensations, Muscles spasms or twitching, Muscles weakness progressing to a limp paralysis. […] Any combination of limbs may experience paralysis. But paralysis of one leg is most common, followed by paralysis of one arm. […] Depending on the severity of disease, other signs or symptoms may include: Paralysis of muscles involved in breathing, Difficulty swallowing. […] Post-polio syndrome is the appearance of new signs or symptoms or the progression of problems. This usually happens decades after having polio. Common signs and symptoms include: Progressive muscle or joint weakness and pain, Fatigue, Muscle wasting, Breathing or swallowing problems, Sleep-related breathing disorders, such as sleep apnea, Lowered tolerance of cold temperatures.

• #76 Post-polio syndrome – Symptoms & causes – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/post-polio-syndrome/symptoms-causes/syc-20355669

  Post-polio syndrome is a group of potentially disabling signs and symptoms that appear decades after the initial polio illness. These signs and symptoms usually appear between 30 to 40 years after having polio. […] Common signs and symptoms of post-polio syndrome include: Muscle and joint weakness and pain that gets worse over time, Feeling easily fatigued and exhausted, Losing muscle tissue (atrophy), Breathing or swallowing problems, Sleep-related breathing disorders, such as sleep apnea, Decreased tolerance of cold temperatures. […] Post-polio syndrome progresses slowly in most people. They may experience new signs and symptoms followed by periods of stability.

• #77 Clinical Overview of Poliomyelitis | Polio | CDC

  https://www.cdc.gov/polio/hcp/clinical-overview/index.html

  PPS is characterized by slow, irreversible worsening of muscle weakness, often in the muscle groups involved during the original infection. Muscle and joint pain are also common symptoms. […] The prevalence and incidence of PPS is unclear. Studies estimate that 25-40% of polio survivors suffer from PPS. […] Paralysis usually begins in the arm or leg on one side of the body (asymmetric) and then moves towards the end of the arm or leg (progresses to involve distal muscle groups). This is described as descending paralysis.

• #78 Poliomyelitis – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK558944/

  Approximately 60% of polio survivors have permanent deficits. The more severe the acute phase of the disease, the greater the likelihood of residual deficits and the development of postpolio syndrome in the future. […] Approximately 25% to 40% of patients with previous paralytic polio also develop PPS over their lifetime. The diagnosis of post-polio syndrome (PPS) requires at least 1 year of new and progressive muscle weakness or fatiguability following decades of stable paralysis after the acute infection. Other symptoms include generalized fatigue, muscle or joint pain, worsening respiratory function, and dysphagia.

• #79

  https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/post-polio-syndrome/

  Post-polio syndrome can include a wide range of symptoms that usually develop gradually over time, including: persistent fatigue (extreme tiredness), muscle weakness, shrinking muscles, muscle and joint pain, sleep apnoea. […] The symptoms tend to get gradually worse over many years, but this happens very slowly and treatment may help slow it down further. […] Post-polio syndrome is rarely life-threatening, although some people develop breathing and swallowing difficulties that can lead to serious problems, such as chest infections.

• #80 Post-polio syndrome – Symptoms & causes – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/post-polio-syndrome/symptoms-causes/syc-20355669

  Post-polio syndrome is a group of potentially disabling signs and symptoms that appear decades after the initial polio illness. These signs and symptoms usually appear between 30 to 40 years after having polio. […] Common signs and symptoms of post-polio syndrome include: Muscle and joint weakness and pain that gets worse over time, Feeling easily fatigued and exhausted, Losing muscle tissue (atrophy), Breathing or swallowing problems, Sleep-related breathing disorders, such as sleep apnea, Decreased tolerance of cold temperatures. […] Post-polio syndrome progresses slowly in most people. They may experience new signs and symptoms followed by periods of stability.

• #81 Late Effects of Polio – Post Polio

  https://post-polio.org/education/late-effects-of-polio/

  There are long-term physical consequences to having had poliomyelitis. […] New symptoms recognized by the medical community that may relate to prior polio include: unaccustomed fatigue – either rapid muscle tiring or feeling of total body exhaustion; new weakness in muscles, both those originally affected and those seemingly unaffected; pain in muscles and/or joints; sleeping problems; breathing or swallowing problems; and/or decreased ability to tolerate cold temperatures. […] Any combination of the symptoms may affect your ability to conduct customary daily activities such as climbing stairs, walking, lifting, etc. […] Survivors of polio may seek your medical advice for new weakness, overwhelming fatigue and/or pain. […] Some patients may describe these symptoms and „forget” to tell you they had polio. This triad of symptoms is typically presented at least fifteen years after the acute case of poliomyelitis, as the North American, Western European and Australasian experience documents.

• #82 Post-polio syndrome | NHS inform

  https://www.nhsinform.scot/illnesses-and-conditions/brain-nerves-and-spinal-cord/post-polio-syndrome/

  The symptoms of post-polio syndrome include: muscle weakness, shrinking of the muscles (atrophy), tight joints (contractures), pain in muscles or joints, chronic fatigue including physical tiredness and brain fatigue, swallowing and speech problems, respiratory problems like breathlessness and sleep apnoea, cramps and muscle twitching, being sensitive to cold temperatures. […] The muscle weakness and atrophy usually affects muscles that were previously affected by polio. Sometimes it affects other muscles. […] Chronic fatigue is one of the most common and troublesome symptoms of post-polio syndrome. This can be physical fatigue (tiredness) and brain fatigue. […] The symptoms can gradually get worse over many years. […] Although post-polio syndrome is rarely life threatening, some people can develop breathing and swallowing difficulties that can lead to serious problems like chest infections.

• #83 Post-Polio Syndrome: What It Is, Symptoms & Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/24584-post-polio-syndrome

  The severity of symptoms can vary from person to person. Symptoms include slowly progressive muscle weakness, fatigue, gradual muscle atrophy, muscle pain and twitches, joint pain, and skeletal deformities such as curvature of your spine (scoliosis). […] If muscles involved in breathing and swallowing are affected, you may experience difficulty with these functions. […] Severe cases of PPS can resemble the symptoms of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), but its not a form of that condition. […] Theres currently no specific treatment for post-polio syndrome (PPS). Instead, healthcare providers focus on managing symptoms and improving quality of life. […] At this time, theres no cure for post-polio syndrome. […] The prognosis (outlook) for post-polio syndrome (PPS) varies depending on which muscles are affected and the severity of symptoms.

• #84 Post-polio syndrome | NHS inform

  https://www.nhsinform.scot/illnesses-and-conditions/brain-nerves-and-spinal-cord/post-polio-syndrome/

  The symptoms of post-polio syndrome include: muscle weakness, shrinking of the muscles (atrophy), tight joints (contractures), pain in muscles or joints, chronic fatigue including physical tiredness and brain fatigue, swallowing and speech problems, respiratory problems like breathlessness and sleep apnoea, cramps and muscle twitching, being sensitive to cold temperatures. […] The muscle weakness and atrophy usually affects muscles that were previously affected by polio. Sometimes it affects other muscles. […] Chronic fatigue is one of the most common and troublesome symptoms of post-polio syndrome. This can be physical fatigue (tiredness) and brain fatigue. […] The symptoms can gradually get worse over many years. […] Although post-polio syndrome is rarely life threatening, some people can develop breathing and swallowing difficulties that can lead to serious problems like chest infections.

• #85 Post-Polio Syndrome: What It Is, Symptoms & Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/24584-post-polio-syndrome

  The severity of symptoms can vary from person to person. Symptoms include slowly progressive muscle weakness, fatigue, gradual muscle atrophy, muscle pain and twitches, joint pain, and skeletal deformities such as curvature of your spine (scoliosis). […] If muscles involved in breathing and swallowing are affected, you may experience difficulty with these functions. […] Severe cases of PPS can resemble the symptoms of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), but its not a form of that condition. […] Theres currently no specific treatment for post-polio syndrome (PPS). Instead, healthcare providers focus on managing symptoms and improving quality of life. […] At this time, theres no cure for post-polio syndrome. […] The prognosis (outlook) for post-polio syndrome (PPS) varies depending on which muscles are affected and the severity of symptoms.

• #86 Post-polio syndrome | NHS inform

  https://www.nhsinform.scot/illnesses-and-conditions/brain-nerves-and-spinal-cord/post-polio-syndrome/

  The symptoms of post-polio syndrome include: muscle weakness, shrinking of the muscles (atrophy), tight joints (contractures), pain in muscles or joints, chronic fatigue including physical tiredness and brain fatigue, swallowing and speech problems, respiratory problems like breathlessness and sleep apnoea, cramps and muscle twitching, being sensitive to cold temperatures. […] The muscle weakness and atrophy usually affects muscles that were previously affected by polio. Sometimes it affects other muscles. […] Chronic fatigue is one of the most common and troublesome symptoms of post-polio syndrome. This can be physical fatigue (tiredness) and brain fatigue. […] The symptoms can gradually get worse over many years. […] Although post-polio syndrome is rarely life threatening, some people can develop breathing and swallowing difficulties that can lead to serious problems like chest infections.

• #87 Post-Polio Syndrome: What It Is, Symptoms & Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/24584-post-polio-syndrome

  The severity of symptoms can vary from person to person. Symptoms include slowly progressive muscle weakness, fatigue, gradual muscle atrophy, muscle pain and twitches, joint pain, and skeletal deformities such as curvature of your spine (scoliosis). […] If muscles involved in breathing and swallowing are affected, you may experience difficulty with these functions. […] Severe cases of PPS can resemble the symptoms of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), but its not a form of that condition. […] Theres currently no specific treatment for post-polio syndrome (PPS). Instead, healthcare providers focus on managing symptoms and improving quality of life. […] At this time, theres no cure for post-polio syndrome. […] The prognosis (outlook) for post-polio syndrome (PPS) varies depending on which muscles are affected and the severity of symptoms.

• #88

  https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/post-polio-syndrome/

  Post-polio syndrome can include a wide range of symptoms that usually develop gradually over time, including: persistent fatigue (extreme tiredness), muscle weakness, shrinking muscles, muscle and joint pain, sleep apnoea. […] The symptoms tend to get gradually worse over many years, but this happens very slowly and treatment may help slow it down further. […] Post-polio syndrome is rarely life-threatening, although some people develop breathing and swallowing difficulties that can lead to serious problems, such as chest infections.

• #89 Post-polio syndrome | NHS inform

  https://www.nhsinform.scot/illnesses-and-conditions/brain-nerves-and-spinal-cord/post-polio-syndrome/

  The symptoms of post-polio syndrome include: muscle weakness, shrinking of the muscles (atrophy), tight joints (contractures), pain in muscles or joints, chronic fatigue including physical tiredness and brain fatigue, swallowing and speech problems, respiratory problems like breathlessness and sleep apnoea, cramps and muscle twitching, being sensitive to cold temperatures. […] The muscle weakness and atrophy usually affects muscles that were previously affected by polio. Sometimes it affects other muscles. […] Chronic fatigue is one of the most common and troublesome symptoms of post-polio syndrome. This can be physical fatigue (tiredness) and brain fatigue. […] The symptoms can gradually get worse over many years. […] Although post-polio syndrome is rarely life threatening, some people can develop breathing and swallowing difficulties that can lead to serious problems like chest infections.

• #90 Post-polio syndrome – Symptoms & causes – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/post-polio-syndrome/symptoms-causes/syc-20355669

  Post-polio syndrome is a group of potentially disabling signs and symptoms that appear decades after the initial polio illness. These signs and symptoms usually appear between 30 to 40 years after having polio. […] Common signs and symptoms of post-polio syndrome include: Muscle and joint weakness and pain that gets worse over time, Feeling easily fatigued and exhausted, Losing muscle tissue (atrophy), Breathing or swallowing problems, Sleep-related breathing disorders, such as sleep apnea, Decreased tolerance of cold temperatures. […] Post-polio syndrome progresses slowly in most people. They may experience new signs and symptoms followed by periods of stability.

• #91 Post-polio syndrome | NHS inform

  https://www.nhsinform.scot/illnesses-and-conditions/brain-nerves-and-spinal-cord/post-polio-syndrome/

  The symptoms of post-polio syndrome are slow and progressive. The sudden appearance of symptoms is more likely to be caused by something else. A prolonged period of bed rest as a result of another illness or serious injury can trigger post-polio syndrome symptoms. […] As there’s no cure for post-polio syndrome, treatment will help you manage your symptoms and quality of life. […] Exercise can help slow down the progressive muscle weakness that post-polio syndrome causes. However, being active can become difficult because your symptoms might become worse after exercise or activity. […] Your healthcare team might suggest you try using pacing techniques. […] Medication to relieve pain might be used in addition to pacing techniques. […] If you have breathing problems, you might benefit from treatment or lifestyle changes. […] Losing weight (if you’re overweight) can help improve your symptoms and general health. […] The symptoms of post-polio syndrome can be distressing. Developing post-polio syndrome after living with the polio virus as a child can cause anxiety, isolation and stress. This can lead to depression.

• #92 Polio and the late effects of polio | Better Health Channel

  https://www.betterhealth.vic.gov.au/health/conditionsandtreatments/polio-and-post-polio-syndrome

  New symptoms of pain and weakness, continuing for at least a year, medical history having had a polio infection in the past, with or without paralysis, no other clinical explanations for the symptoms (known as diagnosis of exclusion). […] The late effects of polio are not caused by re-infection with the poliovirus, but by a range of factors related to the original polio infection. For example: muscle fatigue and pain due to reduced muscle tissue, pain, and sleep or breathing problems, from postural abnormalities (such as scoliosis or kyphosis), increased stress on joints, leading to arthritis and pain (this may be worsened by weight gain), reduced bone density from long-term lack of weight-bearing activity due to weakened limbs, increasing muscle weakness due to a greater loss of motor neurones than in the normal process of ageing.

• #93 Post Polio Syndrome

  https://www.brainfacts.org/diseases-and-disorders/neurological-disorders-az/diseases-a-to-z-from-ninds/post-polio-syndrome

  Post-polio syndrome (PPS) is a condition that affects polio survivors many years after recovery from an initial attack of the poliomyelitis virus. PPS is characterized by a further weakening of muscles that were previously affected by the polio infection. The most common symptoms include slowly progressive muscle weakness, fatigue (both general and muscular), and a decrease in muscle size (muscular atrophy). Pain from joint deterioration and increasing skeletal deformities such as scoliosis are common. Some individuals experience only minor symptoms, while others develop more visible muscle weakness and atrophy. PPS is rarely life-threatening but the symptoms can interfere significantly with the individual’s capacity to function independently. […] PPS is a very slowly progressing condition marked by long periods of stability. The severity of PPS depends on the degree of the residual weakness and disability an individual has after the original polio attack. People who had only minimal symptoms from the original attack and subsequently develop PPS will most likely experience only mild PPS symptoms. People originally hit hard by the polio virus, who were left with severe residual weakness, may develop a more severe case of PPS with a greater loss of muscle function, difficulty in swallowing, and more periods of fatigue.

• #94 Polio and the late effects of polio | Better Health Channel

  https://www.betterhealth.vic.gov.au/health/conditionsandtreatments/polio-and-post-polio-syndrome

  New symptoms of pain and weakness, continuing for at least a year, medical history having had a polio infection in the past, with or without paralysis, no other clinical explanations for the symptoms (known as diagnosis of exclusion). […] The late effects of polio are not caused by re-infection with the poliovirus, but by a range of factors related to the original polio infection. For example: muscle fatigue and pain due to reduced muscle tissue, pain, and sleep or breathing problems, from postural abnormalities (such as scoliosis or kyphosis), increased stress on joints, leading to arthritis and pain (this may be worsened by weight gain), reduced bone density from long-term lack of weight-bearing activity due to weakened limbs, increasing muscle weakness due to a greater loss of motor neurones than in the normal process of ageing.

• #95 Polio and the late effects of polio | Better Health Channel

  https://www.betterhealth.vic.gov.au/health/conditionsandtreatments/polio-and-post-polio-syndrome

  New symptoms of pain and weakness, continuing for at least a year, medical history having had a polio infection in the past, with or without paralysis, no other clinical explanations for the symptoms (known as diagnosis of exclusion). […] The late effects of polio are not caused by re-infection with the poliovirus, but by a range of factors related to the original polio infection. For example: muscle fatigue and pain due to reduced muscle tissue, pain, and sleep or breathing problems, from postural abnormalities (such as scoliosis or kyphosis), increased stress on joints, leading to arthritis and pain (this may be worsened by weight gain), reduced bone density from long-term lack of weight-bearing activity due to weakened limbs, increasing muscle weakness due to a greater loss of motor neurones than in the normal process of ageing.

• #96 Polio and the late effects of polio | Better Health Channel

  https://www.betterhealth.vic.gov.au/health/conditionsandtreatments/polio-and-post-polio-syndrome

  New symptoms of pain and weakness, continuing for at least a year, medical history having had a polio infection in the past, with or without paralysis, no other clinical explanations for the symptoms (known as diagnosis of exclusion). […] The late effects of polio are not caused by re-infection with the poliovirus, but by a range of factors related to the original polio infection. For example: muscle fatigue and pain due to reduced muscle tissue, pain, and sleep or breathing problems, from postural abnormalities (such as scoliosis or kyphosis), increased stress on joints, leading to arthritis and pain (this may be worsened by weight gain), reduced bone density from long-term lack of weight-bearing activity due to weakened limbs, increasing muscle weakness due to a greater loss of motor neurones than in the normal process of ageing.

• #97 Polio and the late effects of polio | Better Health Channel

  https://www.betterhealth.vic.gov.au/health/conditionsandtreatments/polio-and-post-polio-syndrome

  New symptoms of pain and weakness, continuing for at least a year, medical history having had a polio infection in the past, with or without paralysis, no other clinical explanations for the symptoms (known as diagnosis of exclusion). […] The late effects of polio are not caused by re-infection with the poliovirus, but by a range of factors related to the original polio infection. For example: muscle fatigue and pain due to reduced muscle tissue, pain, and sleep or breathing problems, from postural abnormalities (such as scoliosis or kyphosis), increased stress on joints, leading to arthritis and pain (this may be worsened by weight gain), reduced bone density from long-term lack of weight-bearing activity due to weakened limbs, increasing muscle weakness due to a greater loss of motor neurones than in the normal process of ageing.

• #98 Polio and the late effects of polio | Better Health Channel

  https://www.betterhealth.vic.gov.au/health/conditionsandtreatments/polio-and-post-polio-syndrome

  New symptoms of pain and weakness, continuing for at least a year, medical history having had a polio infection in the past, with or without paralysis, no other clinical explanations for the symptoms (known as diagnosis of exclusion). […] The late effects of polio are not caused by re-infection with the poliovirus, but by a range of factors related to the original polio infection. For example: muscle fatigue and pain due to reduced muscle tissue, pain, and sleep or breathing problems, from postural abnormalities (such as scoliosis or kyphosis), increased stress on joints, leading to arthritis and pain (this may be worsened by weight gain), reduced bone density from long-term lack of weight-bearing activity due to weakened limbs, increasing muscle weakness due to a greater loss of motor neurones than in the normal process of ageing.

• #99 Post Polio Syndrome

  https://www.brainfacts.org/diseases-and-disorders/neurological-disorders-az/diseases-a-to-z-from-ninds/post-polio-syndrome

  Post-polio syndrome (PPS) is a condition that affects polio survivors many years after recovery from an initial attack of the poliomyelitis virus. PPS is characterized by a further weakening of muscles that were previously affected by the polio infection. The most common symptoms include slowly progressive muscle weakness, fatigue (both general and muscular), and a decrease in muscle size (muscular atrophy). Pain from joint deterioration and increasing skeletal deformities such as scoliosis are common. Some individuals experience only minor symptoms, while others develop more visible muscle weakness and atrophy. PPS is rarely life-threatening but the symptoms can interfere significantly with the individual’s capacity to function independently. […] PPS is a very slowly progressing condition marked by long periods of stability. The severity of PPS depends on the degree of the residual weakness and disability an individual has after the original polio attack. People who had only minimal symptoms from the original attack and subsequently develop PPS will most likely experience only mild PPS symptoms. People originally hit hard by the polio virus, who were left with severe residual weakness, may develop a more severe case of PPS with a greater loss of muscle function, difficulty in swallowing, and more periods of fatigue.

• #100

  https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/post-polio-syndrome/

  Post-polio syndrome can include a wide range of symptoms that usually develop gradually over time, including: persistent fatigue (extreme tiredness), muscle weakness, shrinking muscles, muscle and joint pain, sleep apnoea. […] The symptoms tend to get gradually worse over many years, but this happens very slowly and treatment may help slow it down further. […] Post-polio syndrome is rarely life-threatening, although some people develop breathing and swallowing difficulties that can lead to serious problems, such as chest infections.

• #101 Post-polio syndrome | NHS inform

  https://www.nhsinform.scot/illnesses-and-conditions/brain-nerves-and-spinal-cord/post-polio-syndrome/

  The symptoms of post-polio syndrome include: muscle weakness, shrinking of the muscles (atrophy), tight joints (contractures), pain in muscles or joints, chronic fatigue including physical tiredness and brain fatigue, swallowing and speech problems, respiratory problems like breathlessness and sleep apnoea, cramps and muscle twitching, being sensitive to cold temperatures. […] The muscle weakness and atrophy usually affects muscles that were previously affected by polio. Sometimes it affects other muscles. […] Chronic fatigue is one of the most common and troublesome symptoms of post-polio syndrome. This can be physical fatigue (tiredness) and brain fatigue. […] The symptoms can gradually get worse over many years. […] Although post-polio syndrome is rarely life threatening, some people can develop breathing and swallowing difficulties that can lead to serious problems like chest infections.

• #102 Polio – Wikipedia

  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polio

  Early symptoms of paralytic polio include high fever, headache, stiffness in the back and neck, asymmetrical weakness of various muscles, sensitivity to touch, difficulty swallowing, muscle pain, loss of superficial and deep reflexes, paresthesia (pins and needles), irritability, constipation, or difficulty urinating. Paralysis generally develops one to ten days after early symptoms begin, progresses for two to three days, and is usually complete by the time the fever breaks. The likelihood of developing paralytic polio increases with age, as does the extent of paralysis. In children, nonparalytic meningitis is the most likely consequence of CNS involvement, and paralysis occurs in only one in 1000 cases. In adults, paralysis occurs in one in 75 cases. In children under five years of age, paralysis of one leg is most common; in adults, extensive paralysis of the chest and abdomen also affecting all four limbs quadriplegia is more likely. Paralysis rates also vary depending on the serotype of the infecting poliovirus; the highest rates of paralysis (one in 200) are associated with poliovirus type 1, the lowest rates (one in 2,000) are associated with type 2.

• #103 Polio – Wikipedia

  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polio

  Early symptoms of paralytic polio include high fever, headache, stiffness in the back and neck, asymmetrical weakness of various muscles, sensitivity to touch, difficulty swallowing, muscle pain, loss of superficial and deep reflexes, paresthesia (pins and needles), irritability, constipation, or difficulty urinating. Paralysis generally develops one to ten days after early symptoms begin, progresses for two to three days, and is usually complete by the time the fever breaks. The likelihood of developing paralytic polio increases with age, as does the extent of paralysis. In children, nonparalytic meningitis is the most likely consequence of CNS involvement, and paralysis occurs in only one in 1000 cases. In adults, paralysis occurs in one in 75 cases. In children under five years of age, paralysis of one leg is most common; in adults, extensive paralysis of the chest and abdomen also affecting all four limbs quadriplegia is more likely. Paralysis rates also vary depending on the serotype of the infecting poliovirus; the highest rates of paralysis (one in 200) are associated with poliovirus type 1, the lowest rates (one in 2,000) are associated with type 2.

• #104

  https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/poliomyelitis

  Polio is a highly infectious disease caused by a virus. It invades the nervous system and can cause total paralysis in a matter of hours. The initial symptoms are fever, fatigue, headache, vomiting, stiffness of the neck and pain in the limbs. One in 200 infections leads to irreversible paralysis (usually in the legs). Among those paralysed, 510% die when their breathing muscles become immobilized. […] Polio mainly affects children under 5 years of age. However, anyone of any age who is unvaccinated can contract the disease.

• #105 Polio – Wikipedia

  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polio

  Early symptoms of paralytic polio include high fever, headache, stiffness in the back and neck, asymmetrical weakness of various muscles, sensitivity to touch, difficulty swallowing, muscle pain, loss of superficial and deep reflexes, paresthesia (pins and needles), irritability, constipation, or difficulty urinating. Paralysis generally develops one to ten days after early symptoms begin, progresses for two to three days, and is usually complete by the time the fever breaks. The likelihood of developing paralytic polio increases with age, as does the extent of paralysis. In children, nonparalytic meningitis is the most likely consequence of CNS involvement, and paralysis occurs in only one in 1000 cases. In adults, paralysis occurs in one in 75 cases. In children under five years of age, paralysis of one leg is most common; in adults, extensive paralysis of the chest and abdomen also affecting all four limbs quadriplegia is more likely. Paralysis rates also vary depending on the serotype of the infecting poliovirus; the highest rates of paralysis (one in 200) are associated with poliovirus type 1, the lowest rates (one in 2,000) are associated with type 2.

• #106 Polio – Wikipedia

  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polio

  Early symptoms of paralytic polio include high fever, headache, stiffness in the back and neck, asymmetrical weakness of various muscles, sensitivity to touch, difficulty swallowing, muscle pain, loss of superficial and deep reflexes, paresthesia (pins and needles), irritability, constipation, or difficulty urinating. Paralysis generally develops one to ten days after early symptoms begin, progresses for two to three days, and is usually complete by the time the fever breaks. The likelihood of developing paralytic polio increases with age, as does the extent of paralysis. In children, nonparalytic meningitis is the most likely consequence of CNS involvement, and paralysis occurs in only one in 1000 cases. In adults, paralysis occurs in one in 75 cases. In children under five years of age, paralysis of one leg is most common; in adults, extensive paralysis of the chest and abdomen also affecting all four limbs quadriplegia is more likely. Paralysis rates also vary depending on the serotype of the infecting poliovirus; the highest rates of paralysis (one in 200) are associated with poliovirus type 1, the lowest rates (one in 2,000) are associated with type 2.

• #107 Polio – Wikipedia

  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polio

  Early symptoms of paralytic polio include high fever, headache, stiffness in the back and neck, asymmetrical weakness of various muscles, sensitivity to touch, difficulty swallowing, muscle pain, loss of superficial and deep reflexes, paresthesia (pins and needles), irritability, constipation, or difficulty urinating. Paralysis generally develops one to ten days after early symptoms begin, progresses for two to three days, and is usually complete by the time the fever breaks. The likelihood of developing paralytic polio increases with age, as does the extent of paralysis. In children, nonparalytic meningitis is the most likely consequence of CNS involvement, and paralysis occurs in only one in 1000 cases. In adults, paralysis occurs in one in 75 cases. In children under five years of age, paralysis of one leg is most common; in adults, extensive paralysis of the chest and abdomen also affecting all four limbs quadriplegia is more likely. Paralysis rates also vary depending on the serotype of the infecting poliovirus; the highest rates of paralysis (one in 200) are associated with poliovirus type 1, the lowest rates (one in 2,000) are associated with type 2.

• #108 Polio – Infections – Merck Manual Consumer Version

  https://www.merckmanuals.com/home/infections/enteroviruses/polio

  The person may have difficulty swallowing and may choke on saliva, food, or fluids. Sometimes fluids go up into the nose, and the voice may develop a nasal quality. Sometimes the part of the brain responsible for breathing is affected, causing weakness or paralysis of the chest muscles. Some people are completely unable to breathe. […] About two thirds of people who have paralytic poliomyelitis have some permanent weakness. Mortality has been reported to be 2 to 5% among children, up to 15 to 30% in adolescents and adults, and increases to 25 to 75% in people in whom polio affects the nerves that control blood pressure and breathing. […] Some people, even those who apparently have recovered completely, develop a return or worsening of muscle weakness years or decades after an attack of polio (see Postpolio Syndrome).

• #109 Polio – Wikipedia

  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polio

  Early symptoms of paralytic polio include high fever, headache, stiffness in the back and neck, asymmetrical weakness of various muscles, sensitivity to touch, difficulty swallowing, muscle pain, loss of superficial and deep reflexes, paresthesia (pins and needles), irritability, constipation, or difficulty urinating. Paralysis generally develops one to ten days after early symptoms begin, progresses for two to three days, and is usually complete by the time the fever breaks. The likelihood of developing paralytic polio increases with age, as does the extent of paralysis. In children, nonparalytic meningitis is the most likely consequence of CNS involvement, and paralysis occurs in only one in 1000 cases. In adults, paralysis occurs in one in 75 cases. In children under five years of age, paralysis of one leg is most common; in adults, extensive paralysis of the chest and abdomen also affecting all four limbs quadriplegia is more likely. Paralysis rates also vary depending on the serotype of the infecting poliovirus; the highest rates of paralysis (one in 200) are associated with poliovirus type 1, the lowest rates (one in 2,000) are associated with type 2.

• #110 Polio – Infections – Merck Manual Consumer Version

  https://www.merckmanuals.com/home/infections/enteroviruses/polio

  The person may have difficulty swallowing and may choke on saliva, food, or fluids. Sometimes fluids go up into the nose, and the voice may develop a nasal quality. Sometimes the part of the brain responsible for breathing is affected, causing weakness or paralysis of the chest muscles. Some people are completely unable to breathe. […] About two thirds of people who have paralytic poliomyelitis have some permanent weakness. Mortality has been reported to be 2 to 5% among children, up to 15 to 30% in adolescents and adults, and increases to 25 to 75% in people in whom polio affects the nerves that control blood pressure and breathing. […] Some people, even those who apparently have recovered completely, develop a return or worsening of muscle weakness years or decades after an attack of polio (see Postpolio Syndrome).

• #111 Polio – Wikipedia

  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polio

  Early symptoms of paralytic polio include high fever, headache, stiffness in the back and neck, asymmetrical weakness of various muscles, sensitivity to touch, difficulty swallowing, muscle pain, loss of superficial and deep reflexes, paresthesia (pins and needles), irritability, constipation, or difficulty urinating. Paralysis generally develops one to ten days after early symptoms begin, progresses for two to three days, and is usually complete by the time the fever breaks. The likelihood of developing paralytic polio increases with age, as does the extent of paralysis. In children, nonparalytic meningitis is the most likely consequence of CNS involvement, and paralysis occurs in only one in 1000 cases. In adults, paralysis occurs in one in 75 cases. In children under five years of age, paralysis of one leg is most common; in adults, extensive paralysis of the chest and abdomen also affecting all four limbs quadriplegia is more likely. Paralysis rates also vary depending on the serotype of the infecting poliovirus; the highest rates of paralysis (one in 200) are associated with poliovirus type 1, the lowest rates (one in 2,000) are associated with type 2.

• #112 Polio – Wikipedia

  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polio

  Early symptoms of paralytic polio include high fever, headache, stiffness in the back and neck, asymmetrical weakness of various muscles, sensitivity to touch, difficulty swallowing, muscle pain, loss of superficial and deep reflexes, paresthesia (pins and needles), irritability, constipation, or difficulty urinating. Paralysis generally develops one to ten days after early symptoms begin, progresses for two to three days, and is usually complete by the time the fever breaks. The likelihood of developing paralytic polio increases with age, as does the extent of paralysis. In children, nonparalytic meningitis is the most likely consequence of CNS involvement, and paralysis occurs in only one in 1000 cases. In adults, paralysis occurs in one in 75 cases. In children under five years of age, paralysis of one leg is most common; in adults, extensive paralysis of the chest and abdomen also affecting all four limbs quadriplegia is more likely. Paralysis rates also vary depending on the serotype of the infecting poliovirus; the highest rates of paralysis (one in 200) are associated with poliovirus type 1, the lowest rates (one in 2,000) are associated with type 2.

• #113 Polio – Infections – Merck Manual Consumer Version

  https://www.merckmanuals.com/home/infections/enteroviruses/polio

  The person may have difficulty swallowing and may choke on saliva, food, or fluids. Sometimes fluids go up into the nose, and the voice may develop a nasal quality. Sometimes the part of the brain responsible for breathing is affected, causing weakness or paralysis of the chest muscles. Some people are completely unable to breathe. […] About two thirds of people who have paralytic poliomyelitis have some permanent weakness. Mortality has been reported to be 2 to 5% among children, up to 15 to 30% in adolescents and adults, and increases to 25 to 75% in people in whom polio affects the nerves that control blood pressure and breathing. […] Some people, even those who apparently have recovered completely, develop a return or worsening of muscle weakness years or decades after an attack of polio (see Postpolio Syndrome).

• #114 Polio – Wikipedia

  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polio

  Early symptoms of paralytic polio include high fever, headache, stiffness in the back and neck, asymmetrical weakness of various muscles, sensitivity to touch, difficulty swallowing, muscle pain, loss of superficial and deep reflexes, paresthesia (pins and needles), irritability, constipation, or difficulty urinating. Paralysis generally develops one to ten days after early symptoms begin, progresses for two to three days, and is usually complete by the time the fever breaks. The likelihood of developing paralytic polio increases with age, as does the extent of paralysis. In children, nonparalytic meningitis is the most likely consequence of CNS involvement, and paralysis occurs in only one in 1000 cases. In adults, paralysis occurs in one in 75 cases. In children under five years of age, paralysis of one leg is most common; in adults, extensive paralysis of the chest and abdomen also affecting all four limbs quadriplegia is more likely. Paralysis rates also vary depending on the serotype of the infecting poliovirus; the highest rates of paralysis (one in 200) are associated with poliovirus type 1, the lowest rates (one in 2,000) are associated with type 2.

• #115 Polio – Wikipedia

  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polio

  Early symptoms of paralytic polio include high fever, headache, stiffness in the back and neck, asymmetrical weakness of various muscles, sensitivity to touch, difficulty swallowing, muscle pain, loss of superficial and deep reflexes, paresthesia (pins and needles), irritability, constipation, or difficulty urinating. Paralysis generally develops one to ten days after early symptoms begin, progresses for two to three days, and is usually complete by the time the fever breaks. The likelihood of developing paralytic polio increases with age, as does the extent of paralysis. In children, nonparalytic meningitis is the most likely consequence of CNS involvement, and paralysis occurs in only one in 1000 cases. In adults, paralysis occurs in one in 75 cases. In children under five years of age, paralysis of one leg is most common; in adults, extensive paralysis of the chest and abdomen also affecting all four limbs quadriplegia is more likely. Paralysis rates also vary depending on the serotype of the infecting poliovirus; the highest rates of paralysis (one in 200) are associated with poliovirus type 1, the lowest rates (one in 2,000) are associated with type 2.

• #116 Acute Poliomyelitis: Practice Essentials, Pathophysiology, Epidemiology

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/306440-overview

  Acute poliomyelitis is a disease of the anterior horn motor neurons of the spinal cord and brain stem caused by poliovirus. Flaccid asymmetrical weakness and muscle atrophy are the hallmarks of its clinical manifestations, due to loss of motor neurons and denervation of their associated skeletal muscles. […] Paralytic poliomyelitis is characterized by the following: Severe muscle pain and spasms, followed by weakness, develop; muscle weakness tends to become maximal within 48 hours but may develop for longer than a week; no progression of weakness should be noted after the temperature drops to normal for 48 hours; weakness is asymmetrical, with the lower limbs affected more than upper limbs. […] Paralysis remains for days or weeks before slow recovery occurs over months or years; which factors favor development of paralytic disease remains unclear, but some evidence exists that physical activity and intramuscular injections during the prodrome may be important exacerbating factors.

• #117 Polio – Wikipedia

  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polio

  Early symptoms of paralytic polio include high fever, headache, stiffness in the back and neck, asymmetrical weakness of various muscles, sensitivity to touch, difficulty swallowing, muscle pain, loss of superficial and deep reflexes, paresthesia (pins and needles), irritability, constipation, or difficulty urinating. Paralysis generally develops one to ten days after early symptoms begin, progresses for two to three days, and is usually complete by the time the fever breaks. The likelihood of developing paralytic polio increases with age, as does the extent of paralysis. In children, nonparalytic meningitis is the most likely consequence of CNS involvement, and paralysis occurs in only one in 1000 cases. In adults, paralysis occurs in one in 75 cases. In children under five years of age, paralysis of one leg is most common; in adults, extensive paralysis of the chest and abdomen also affecting all four limbs quadriplegia is more likely. Paralysis rates also vary depending on the serotype of the infecting poliovirus; the highest rates of paralysis (one in 200) are associated with poliovirus type 1, the lowest rates (one in 2,000) are associated with type 2.

• #118 Polio – Wikipedia

  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polio

  Early symptoms of paralytic polio include high fever, headache, stiffness in the back and neck, asymmetrical weakness of various muscles, sensitivity to touch, difficulty swallowing, muscle pain, loss of superficial and deep reflexes, paresthesia (pins and needles), irritability, constipation, or difficulty urinating. Paralysis generally develops one to ten days after early symptoms begin, progresses for two to three days, and is usually complete by the time the fever breaks. The likelihood of developing paralytic polio increases with age, as does the extent of paralysis. In children, nonparalytic meningitis is the most likely consequence of CNS involvement, and paralysis occurs in only one in 1000 cases. In adults, paralysis occurs in one in 75 cases. In children under five years of age, paralysis of one leg is most common; in adults, extensive paralysis of the chest and abdomen also affecting all four limbs quadriplegia is more likely. Paralysis rates also vary depending on the serotype of the infecting poliovirus; the highest rates of paralysis (one in 200) are associated with poliovirus type 1, the lowest rates (one in 2,000) are associated with type 2.

• #119 Acute Poliomyelitis: Practice Essentials, Pathophysiology, Epidemiology

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/306440-overview

  Acute poliomyelitis is a disease of the anterior horn motor neurons of the spinal cord and brain stem caused by poliovirus. Flaccid asymmetrical weakness and muscle atrophy are the hallmarks of its clinical manifestations, due to loss of motor neurons and denervation of their associated skeletal muscles. […] Paralytic poliomyelitis is characterized by the following: Severe muscle pain and spasms, followed by weakness, develop; muscle weakness tends to become maximal within 48 hours but may develop for longer than a week; no progression of weakness should be noted after the temperature drops to normal for 48 hours; weakness is asymmetrical, with the lower limbs affected more than upper limbs. […] Paralysis remains for days or weeks before slow recovery occurs over months or years; which factors favor development of paralytic disease remains unclear, but some evidence exists that physical activity and intramuscular injections during the prodrome may be important exacerbating factors.

• #120 Polio – UF Health

  https://ufhealth.org/conditions-and-treatments/polio

  Brain or spinal cord involvement is a medical emergency that may result in paralysis or death (usually from breathing problems). […] Disability is more common than death. Infection that is located high in the spinal cord or in the brain increases the risk of breathing problems. […] Post-polio syndrome is a complication that develops in some people, usually 30 or more years after they are first infected. Muscles that were already weak may get weaker. Weakness may also develop in muscles that were not affected before.

• #121 Poliomyelitis – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK558944/

  Poliomyelitis is a highly transmissible infection nearing global eradication. However, recent outbreaks and vaccine-derived cases highlight the ongoing risk. Most infections are asymptomatic, with 70% to 95% presenting as a self-limiting flu-like illness. However, up to 1 in 200 cases involve rapid-onset flaccid paralysis, with the potential for lifelong disability or death. […] The presentation of polio is highly variable, ranging from asymptomatic to a transient flu-like viral illness to paralysis, quadriplegia, and even respiratory failure and death. Many polio survivors experience a poor quality of life. […] The acute, prodromal, or pre-paralytic stage of poliovirus infection is similar to many other viral illnesses; fever, malaise, headache, myalgia, fatigue, nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, and sore throat are commonly observed. In almost all cases, the infection resolves in 2 to 10 days without further sequelae.

• #122 Acute Poliomyelitis: Practice Essentials, Pathophysiology, Epidemiology

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/306440-overview

  Acute poliomyelitis is a disease of the anterior horn motor neurons of the spinal cord and brain stem caused by poliovirus. Flaccid asymmetrical weakness and muscle atrophy are the hallmarks of its clinical manifestations, due to loss of motor neurons and denervation of their associated skeletal muscles. […] Paralytic poliomyelitis is characterized by the following: Severe muscle pain and spasms, followed by weakness, develop; muscle weakness tends to become maximal within 48 hours but may develop for longer than a week; no progression of weakness should be noted after the temperature drops to normal for 48 hours; weakness is asymmetrical, with the lower limbs affected more than upper limbs. […] Paralysis remains for days or weeks before slow recovery occurs over months or years; which factors favor development of paralytic disease remains unclear, but some evidence exists that physical activity and intramuscular injections during the prodrome may be important exacerbating factors.

• #123 Clinical Overview of Poliomyelitis | Polio | CDC

  https://www.cdc.gov/polio/hcp/clinical-overview/index.html

  Poliovirus is highly contagious and causes polio, or poliomyelitis, a serious and debilitating disease. […] Most people infected with poliovirus will not have any visible symptoms. About 1 in 4 people will have flu-like symptoms. These symptoms usually last 2 to 5 days, then go away on their own. […] Fewer than 1% of people will have weakness or paralysis in their arms and/or legs. The paralysis can lead to permanent disability and death. […] The poliovirus incubation period for nonparalytic symptoms is 3 to 6 days. The onset of paralysis usually occurs 7 to 21 days after infection. […] Acute flaccid paralysis (AFP) is a manifestation of a wide spectrum of clinical diseases. […] Adults who had paralytic polio during childhood may develop noninfectious post-polio syndrome (PPS) 15 to 40 years later.

• #124 Poliovirus infection – Symptoms, diagnosis and treatment | BMJ Best Practice

  https://bestpractice.bmj.com/topics/en-gb/902

  Poliovirus infection is usually asymptomatic. When symptomatic, the most common presentation is a minor gastrointestinal illness. […] Acute flaccid paralysis (AFP), or paralytic poliomyelitis, is the hallmark of the major illness. A minority of affected cases with AFP progress to life-threatening bulbar paralysis and respiratory compromise. […] Post-poliomyelitis syndrome may occur many years after the initial illness, and consists of weakness and fatigue in muscle groups previously affected in the acute illness.

• #125 Clinical Overview of Poliomyelitis | Polio | CDC

  https://www.cdc.gov/polio/hcp/clinical-overview/index.html

  Poliovirus is highly contagious and causes polio, or poliomyelitis, a serious and debilitating disease. […] Most people infected with poliovirus will not have any visible symptoms. About 1 in 4 people will have flu-like symptoms. These symptoms usually last 2 to 5 days, then go away on their own. […] Fewer than 1% of people will have weakness or paralysis in their arms and/or legs. The paralysis can lead to permanent disability and death. […] The poliovirus incubation period for nonparalytic symptoms is 3 to 6 days. The onset of paralysis usually occurs 7 to 21 days after infection. […] Acute flaccid paralysis (AFP) is a manifestation of a wide spectrum of clinical diseases. […] Adults who had paralytic polio during childhood may develop noninfectious post-polio syndrome (PPS) 15 to 40 years later.

• #126 Poliomyelitis – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK558944/

  Poliomyelitis is a highly transmissible infection nearing global eradication. However, recent outbreaks and vaccine-derived cases highlight the ongoing risk. Most infections are asymptomatic, with 70% to 95% presenting as a self-limiting flu-like illness. However, up to 1 in 200 cases involve rapid-onset flaccid paralysis, with the potential for lifelong disability or death. […] The presentation of polio is highly variable, ranging from asymptomatic to a transient flu-like viral illness to paralysis, quadriplegia, and even respiratory failure and death. Many polio survivors experience a poor quality of life. […] The acute, prodromal, or pre-paralytic stage of poliovirus infection is similar to many other viral illnesses; fever, malaise, headache, myalgia, fatigue, nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, and sore throat are commonly observed. In almost all cases, the infection resolves in 2 to 10 days without further sequelae.

• #127 Post-Polio Syndrome: What It Is, Symptoms & Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/24584-post-polio-syndrome

  The severity of symptoms can vary from person to person. Symptoms include slowly progressive muscle weakness, fatigue, gradual muscle atrophy, muscle pain and twitches, joint pain, and skeletal deformities such as curvature of your spine (scoliosis). […] If muscles involved in breathing and swallowing are affected, you may experience difficulty with these functions. […] Severe cases of PPS can resemble the symptoms of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), but its not a form of that condition. […] Theres currently no specific treatment for post-polio syndrome (PPS). Instead, healthcare providers focus on managing symptoms and improving quality of life. […] At this time, theres no cure for post-polio syndrome. […] The prognosis (outlook) for post-polio syndrome (PPS) varies depending on which muscles are affected and the severity of symptoms.

• #128 Poliomyelitis – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK558944/

  Poliomyelitis is a highly transmissible infection nearing global eradication. However, recent outbreaks and vaccine-derived cases highlight the ongoing risk. Most infections are asymptomatic, with 70% to 95% presenting as a self-limiting flu-like illness. However, up to 1 in 200 cases involve rapid-onset flaccid paralysis, with the potential for lifelong disability or death. […] The presentation of polio is highly variable, ranging from asymptomatic to a transient flu-like viral illness to paralysis, quadriplegia, and even respiratory failure and death. Many polio survivors experience a poor quality of life. […] The acute, prodromal, or pre-paralytic stage of poliovirus infection is similar to many other viral illnesses; fever, malaise, headache, myalgia, fatigue, nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, and sore throat are commonly observed. In almost all cases, the infection resolves in 2 to 10 days without further sequelae.

• #129 Polio and the late effects of polio | Better Health Channel

  https://www.betterhealth.vic.gov.au/health/conditionsandtreatments/polio-and-post-polio-syndrome

  New symptoms of pain and weakness, continuing for at least a year, medical history having had a polio infection in the past, with or without paralysis, no other clinical explanations for the symptoms (known as diagnosis of exclusion). […] The late effects of polio are not caused by re-infection with the poliovirus, but by a range of factors related to the original polio infection. For example: muscle fatigue and pain due to reduced muscle tissue, pain, and sleep or breathing problems, from postural abnormalities (such as scoliosis or kyphosis), increased stress on joints, leading to arthritis and pain (this may be worsened by weight gain), reduced bone density from long-term lack of weight-bearing activity due to weakened limbs, increasing muscle weakness due to a greater loss of motor neurones than in the normal process of ageing.

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