Materiały źródłowe

• #1 An Historical View of Nursing and Polio | OJIN: The Online Journal of Issues in Nursing

  https://ojin.nursingworld.org/link/114f2182494d419c8a6a52caa76b4e96.aspx

  Poliomyelitis, a disease which required special nursing care for its victims, impacted many in the nursing profession prior to vaccine availability in 1955. […] Effective, compassionate nursing care was the only thing found to prevent the crippling effects of the disease Poliomyelitis, a disease which required special nursing care for its victims, impacted many in the nursing profession prior to vaccine availability in 1955. […] Nurses were also in the forefront of vaccine field trials and immunization, as well as caring for patients with post-polio syndrome. […] This article explores the impact of nurses in the different phases of care for polio, such as combating epidemics; treating victims; providing education for the public; and helping to eradicate the disease. […] The NFIP recognized the importance of nursing care to help people stricken with the disease and made available grants to prepare nurses skilled in the care of patients with polio.

• #2 An Historical View of Nursing and Polio | OJIN: The Online Journal of Issues in Nursing

  https://ojin.nursingworld.org/mainmenucategories/anamarketplace/anaperiodicals/ojin/tableofcontents/vol-26-2021/no1-jan-2021/articles-previous-topics/an-historical-view-of-nursing-and-polio.html

  Poliomyelitis, a disease which required special nursing care for its victims, impacted many in the nursing profession prior to vaccine availability in 1955. […] Effective, compassionate nursing care was the only thing found to prevent the crippling effects of the disease Poliomyelitis, a disease which required special nursing care for its victims, impacted many in the nursing profession prior to vaccine availability in 1955. […] Nurses were also in the forefront of vaccine field trials and immunization, as well as caring for patients with post-polio syndrome. […] This article explores the impact of nurses in the different phases of care for polio, such as combating epidemics; treating victims; providing education for the public; and helping to eradicate the disease. […] The NFIP recognized the importance of nursing care to help people stricken with the disease and made available grants to prepare nurses skilled in the care of patients with polio.

• #3 Polio (Poliomyelitis) Nursing Care Management: Study Guide – Nurseslabs

  https://nurseslabs.com/polio/

  Polio Nursing Care Management […] A terrifying, highly communicable disease resulting in devastating paralysis, polio continues to be prevalent in much of the developing world. This study guide describes the pathophysiology, nursing assessment, nursing care management and treatment of polio and addresses the vital role of nurses. […] Nursing management for a client with polio include the following: […] Nursing assessment in a client with polio include: […] Obtain a history of vaccination, travel. and contact with recently returned travelers. […] Observe the client for possible signs and symptoms of polio as listed above. […] Based on the assessment data, the major nursing interventions for polio: […] Imbalanced nutrition: less than body requirement related to anorexia, nausea, and vomiting.

• #4 Clinical Guidance for Investigating a Suspected Case of Polio | Polio | CDC

  https://www.cdc.gov/polio/hcp/reporting-suspected-cases/index.html

  Make sure your patients are current on polio vaccine. […] Vaccination is especially important for individuals who may travel or be exposed to recent international travelers. […] Evaluate the patient for flaccid weakness and document tone, reflexes, and muscle strength. […] Poliomyelitis has been classified as immediately notifiable, extremely urgent. Contact the state or local health department immediately to report a patient with suspected poliomyelitis. […] The rapid investigation of suspected polio cases is critical to identifying possible poliovirus transmission and implementing proper control measures. […] Unvaccinated close contacts of suspected cases are at highest risk. Improving vaccination coverage for polio and other vaccine preventable diseases is one of the core missions of CDC. […] Every effort should be made to vaccinate all eligible persons in the communities that may be at risk. […] Take time in every primary care visit, adults, and children, to ensure that they are up to date with the recommended vaccines for their age.

• #5 Polio (Poliomyelitis) Nursing Care Management: Study Guide – Nurseslabs

  https://nurseslabs.com/polio/

  Ineffective thermoregulation related to the infection process. […] Ineffective airway clearance related to muscle paralysis. […] Ineffective breathing pattern related to muscle paralysis. […] Acute pain related to the infection that attacks the nerve. […] Impaired physical mobility related to paralysis. […] Anxiety in children and families related to disease conditions. […] The nursing care planning goals for a patient with polio include: […] The client will be able to improve and maintain a nutritious diet. […] The client will be able to maintain adequate thermoregulation. […] The client will be able to clear the airway and breathe effectively. […] The client will be able to reduce the pain. […] The client will be able to mobilize effectively. […] The following are the nursing interventions for a patient with polio:

• #6 Polio – Diagnosis and treatment – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/polio/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20376517

  Health care providers often recognize polio by symptoms, such as neck and back stiffness or abnormal reflexes or muscle weakness. […] Because no cure for polio exists, the focus is on increasing comfort, speeding recovery and preventing complications. Depending on the severity of disease, supportive treatments may include: Bed rest, Pain relievers, Hot moist packs to control muscle pain and spasms, Portable ventilators to help with breathing, Physical therapy exercises to prevent bone deformity and loss of muscle function, Splints or other devices to encourage good position, or alignment, of the spine and limbs. […] The signs and symptoms of moderate to severe polio beyond typical flu-like symptoms need attention right away.

• #7 Polio Resurgence: Guidance for Health Care Workers | NETEC

  https://netec.org/2023/02/06/polio-resurgence-guidance-for-health-care-workers/

  Polio, a debilitating and life-threatening disease, has once again caught the attention of public health and health care officials after a case of vaccine-derived poliovirus was reported in New York last summer the first case in the United States in 10 years. […] In a recent webinar presentation, Polio Resurgence: Guidance for Health Care Workers, experts share what you need to know about patient management and post-polio syndrome, polio vaccines and CDC recommendations, laboratory testing, and specimen handling and shipment. […] There are no FDA-approved treatments for poliomyelitis. […] Initial acute care should include monitoring the patient for respiratory status and rapid progression of weakness; neurology and infectious disease consultation; and rehabilitation therapy such as PT/OT/speech/swallowing.

• #8 In Our Care: Polio

  https://mn.gov/mnddc/parallels2/one/video/rayStewart/polio.html

  Bulbar polio is where the virus lodges in the nerve centers of the brain, usually starts in the breathing and swallowing centers and then moves out from there unless its progress arrests. […] The danger of bulbar polio is that if the virus moves into, for instance, the circulatory center of the brain, it just means that the heart stops and the child dies. […] In the bulbar, in case of the bulbar polio, the air passages fill up with a mucus, which must be suctioned off. […] You have to make a bypass for the air to go in and out. […] You use a suction machine a great deal in bulbar in order to pull the mucus out of the nasal and throat passages. […] A tracheotomy is a very delicate operation to perform and though the operation itself is a very short one, it requires a great deal of time for preparation.

• #9 Polio (Poliomyelitis) Nursing Care Management: Study Guide – Nurseslabs

  https://nurseslabs.com/polio/

  Encourage frequent small meals to promote nutritional and fluid intake; maintain nasogastric tube feeding, if ordered; hyperalimentation may be necessary to ensure adequate nutrition, and eliminate unpleasant odors from the environment during meals. […] Reduce or eliminate the sources of heat loss in infants, and monitor the body temperature. […] Assess respiratory rate, rhythm, depth, effort, and breath sounds; and elevate the head of the bed to promote the optimum level of activity for best possible lung expansion. […] Administer analgesics as prescribed, and educate the patient on diversional activities to reduce the pain. […] The goals are met as evidenced by: […] The client was able to improve and maintain a nutritious diet. […] The client was able to maintain adequate thermoregulation.

• #10 Poliomyelitis – RNpedia

  https://www.rnpedia.com/nursing-notes/communicable-diseases-notes/poliomyelitis/

  Nursing management […] 1. Maintain a patent airway, and keep a tracheotomy tray at the patients bed side. […] 2. Encourage a return to mild activity as soon as possible. […] 3. Prevent fecal impaction by giving enough fluids to ensure an adequate daily urine output of low specific gravity. […] 4. Provide tube feedings when needed. […] 5. Provide good skin care, reposition the patient often, and keep bed linens dry. […] 6. To alleviate discomforts, use foam rubber pads and sandbags or light splints as ordered. […] 7. Wash hands thoroughly after contact with the patient or any of his secretions and excretions. […] 8. Frequently check blood pressure, especially if the patient has bulbar poliomyelitis. […] 9. Assess bladder retention that cause muscle paralysis. […] 10. Have the patient wear high-top sneakers or use a footboard to prevent foot drop. […] 11. Provide emotional support to the patient and his family.

• #11 Acute Poliomyelitis: Practice Essentials, Pathophysiology, Epidemiology

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/967950-treatment

  Acute poliomyelitis is a disease of the anterior horn motor neurons of the spinal cord and brain stem caused by poliovirus. Flaccid asymmetrical weakness and muscle atrophy are the hallmarks of its clinical manifestations, due to loss of motor neurons and denervation of their associated skeletal muscles. […] Physical therapy plays an important role in rehabilitation for patients with poliomyelitis. Patients with muscle paralysis benefit from frequent passive range of motion (PROM) and splinting of joints to prevent contracture and joint ankylosis. Chest physical therapy (CPT) helps patients with bulbar involvement prevent any pulmonary complications, such as atelectasis. Frequent repositioning of paralyzed patients helps to prevent bedsores. Occupational, speech, and recreational therapy also can be beneficial. […] In severe cases of contracture from limb immobilization, the patient may benefit from orthopedic surgery to release the contracture and restore limb function.

• #12 Polio and the late effects of polio | Better Health Channel

  https://www.betterhealth.vic.gov.au/health/conditionsandtreatments/polio-and-post-polio-syndrome

  There is no specific treatment for LEoP or PPS. Symptoms may be controlled or improved if you: avoid physical overexertion or stress, keep comfortably warm and avoid exposure to cold temperatures, modify daily activities to conserve energy for example, sit rather than stand where possible, use aids and equipment for example, orthoses, braces, walking sticks and electric scooters, ensure that all exercise is pain free and does not cause excessive tiredness. […] After a full assessment with a rehabilitation specialist, you may be referred to: a physiotherapist or exercise physiologist for weakness, pain or mobility problems, a respiratory therapist for breathing difficulties, an orthopedist for leg braces, an occupational therapist for help with functioning at work, home or in the community, a speech pathologist for help with speaking or swallowing, a pain clinic for chronic pain, a psychologist for depression or other mood difficulties, a social worker to assist with advocacy and quality of life, a pedorthist for help with footwear, a podiatrist for help with foot pain or other foot issues, a dietitian for help with nutrition to maintain a healthy weight. […] Health professionals such as social workers, psychologists or occupational therapists can help you manage any concerns you have due to increased or changing needs brought on by LEoP.

• #13 Polio Treatment – Spaulding Rehabilitation

  https://spauldingrehab.org/conditions-services/polio?TRILIBIS_EMULATOR_UA=…%3Fcmp%3Dhrgn%3Fcmp%3Dhrgn%2Culvhbdkubeqb%3Fcmp%3Dhrgn

  To ensure an improved state of wellness, our team will work with you to: Educate you on preventing further disability from the initial polio and the late effects of polio, Evaluate new weakness, Improve functional mobility (e.g., walking, transfers, etc.), Reduce fatigue and pain, Develop an appropriate exercise program, Teach energy saving techniques, Assess the need for work and home modifications. […] An important part of the IRCP treatment program is the Team Conference. […] The Rehabilitation Team is led by Darren Rosenberg, DO, the Medical Director and Director of the International Post Polio Program at Spaulding Outpatient Center Framingham. […] Along with Dr. Rosenberg, the team of physical therapists, occupational therapists and speech and language pathologists at the IRCP have extensive training and expertise in treating polio survivors.

• #14 An Historical View of Nursing and Polio | OJIN: The Online Journal of Issues in Nursing

  https://ojin.nursingworld.org/link/114f2182494d419c8a6a52caa76b4e96.aspx

  The NFIP provided support for hospitals during epidemics; this included an increase in the number of nurses to provide necessary care. […] Nurses who worked in the hospital polio wards had their salaries paid by the hospital. […] According to Jacquelyn Cook (1953), the first goal of the nurse was to establish confidence with patients and their families. […] In addition to establishing confidence, explanation of procedures was also important. […] Kenny packs and iron lungs became very useful in the care of the patient with polio. […] Caring for patients within the iron lung required special education for the nursing staff. […] The role of the public health nurse was to prepare for an epidemic. […] Public health nurses helped to control outbreaks. […] There were new opportunities for advanced education for nurses due to polio.

• #15

  https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/post-polio-syndrome/treatment/

  There’s currently no cure for post-polio syndrome (PPS), so treatment focuses on helping you manage your symptoms and improving your quality of life. […] People with the condition are often treated by a team of different healthcare professionals working together. This is known as a multidisciplinary team (MDT). […] Members of your MDT may include: a neurologist a specialist in problems affecting the nervous system, a respiratory consultant a specialist in problems affecting breathing, a consultant in rehabilitation a specialist in managing complex disabilities, a physiotherapist who helps people improve their range of movement and co-ordination, a speech and language therapist who can help people with swallowing difficulties, an occupational therapist who helps people improve the skills needed for daily activities, such as washing and dressing, a mobility specialist who can advise you about mobility aids, such as walking sticks and wheelchairs.

• #16 Poliomyelitis – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK558944/

  Rehabilitation, exercise, counseling, and education are crucial for patients with polio or PPS to maintain function, prevent further morbidity, and achieve the best possible health. Of patients previously diagnosed with polio, 60% to 80% reported falling at least once in the past year. One-third of falls result in a fragility fracture of the polio-affected limb. Based on experience and data extrapolated from study results in other conditions, physiatrists recommend energy conservation techniques, pacing strategies, and lifestyle and activity modification to prevent premature fatigue, weight gain, and other factors that can worsen symptoms. […] A comprehensive, coordinated interprofessional approach to polio diagnosis, management, and vaccination is essential to ensure quality care for individuals and populations. Clinicians must consider polio infection in the differential of acute flaccid paralysis and be familiar with diagnosing and managing poliovirus infections and PPS. Reporting suspected acute flaccid paralysis cases to public health authorities ensures appropriate testing, surveillance, and public health follow-up. Physiatrists, neurologists, orthotists, and occupational and physiotherapists are critical to polio and PPS rehabilitation.

• #17 Post-Polio Syndrome: What It Is, Symptoms & Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/24584-post-polio-syndrome

  Post-polio syndrome (PPS) is a condition that can affect people several years after an initial polio infection. It causes gradual muscle weakness and atrophy. Theres no cure, so treatment focuses on managing symptoms. […] Post-polio syndrome affects people whove had polio. PPS develops 10 years or more after the original illness and can occur as late as 40 years afterward. […] Approximately 30% to 40% of people whove had polio will develop PPS. A person who was more severely affected by polio may develop a more severe case of PPS. […] Theres currently no specific treatment for post-polio syndrome (PPS). Instead, healthcare providers focus on managing symptoms and improving quality of life. […] Specific strategies that can help manage PPS symptoms include: Non-fatiguing exercises: Exercises that dont cause pain or fatigue may improve muscle strength and reduce overall fatigue. Cardiorespiratory endurance training: Cardiorespiratory endurance is the level at which your heart, lungs and muscles work together when exercising for a prolonged time. You should talk to your provider before trying this type of training. Mobility aids: Devices such as canes, walkers and scooters can help with mobility and help avoid rapid muscle tiring and exhaustion. Occupational therapy: An occupational therapist can help you make adjustments in your home so you can perform daily tasks more easily. Speech therapy: If PPS has made swallowing difficult, a speech therapist can help. Lifestyle changes: Your provider will likely recommend eating a healthy diet, managing your weight, getting quality sleep and not smoking to help manage your symptoms and stay healthy. […] At this time, theres no cure for post-polio syndrome.

• #18 An Historical View of Nursing and Polio | OJIN: The Online Journal of Issues in Nursing

  https://ojin.nursingworld.org/link/114f2182494d419c8a6a52caa76b4e96.aspx

  Public health nurses and school nurses were instrumental contributors to polio prevention clinics held in cities large and small across the country. […] Todays nurse needs to be aware of PPS, a non-infectious condition, which may occur 10 to 40 years after recovering from the disease. […] It is important for pediatric and public health nurses to establish trust with parents, provide necessary education, and work to increase the numbers of children who receive necessary vaccines. […] Efforts of nurses to care for patients with polio prior to 1955 cannot be understated. […] Nurses worked long and tirelessly to provide direct care; educate the public; assist with vaccine trials; and coordinate vaccine administration.

• #19 Polio and the late effects of polio | Better Health Channel

  https://www.betterhealth.vic.gov.au/health/conditionsandtreatments/polio-and-post-polio-syndrome

  Polio is a preventable life-threatening disease. […] Aids and equipment (including orthoses, braces, walking sticks and electric scooters) can help relieve the symptoms of the late effects of polio. […] Physical symptoms may emerge 15 years or more after the first polio infection. These new symptoms are called the late effects of polio. They include new muscle weakness, joint and muscle pain and fatigue. […] The late effects of polio (LEoP) is an umbrella term used to describe symptoms related to a history of poliomyelitis. Post-polio syndrome (PPS) is a sub-category of LEoP and is a diagnosable neurological condition. […] The most common symptoms include: fatigue, decreased strength and muscle endurance, pain, sleep problems, breathing, swallowing or speech difficulties, a range of physical symptoms such as scoliosis or joint problems.

• #20 Polio Resurgence: Guidance for Health Care Workers | NETEC

  https://netec.org/2023/02/06/polio-resurgence-guidance-for-health-care-workers/

  To prevent transmission of the virus, isolate the patient in a room with a private bathroom, if possible, and use standard and contact precautions. […] Only health care professionals and lab personnel with evidence of complete polio vaccination should work with patients with polio. […] You are required to report any suspected polio case (paralytic polio or non-paralytic polio) to your state and local health departments. […] Twenty-five to 40 percent of adults who had paralytic poliomyelitis during childhood may develop noninfectious post-polio syndrome 15 to 40 years later. […] PPS is characterized by slow and irreversible exacerbation of weakness, often in those muscle groups involved during the original infection. […] There are no effective treatments to stop deterioration or reverse the deficits of PPS.

• #21 Polio and the late effects of polio | Better Health Channel

  https://www.betterhealth.vic.gov.au/health/conditionsandtreatments/polio-and-post-polio-syndrome

  There is no specific treatment for LEoP or PPS. Symptoms may be controlled or improved if you: avoid physical overexertion or stress, keep comfortably warm and avoid exposure to cold temperatures, modify daily activities to conserve energy for example, sit rather than stand where possible, use aids and equipment for example, orthoses, braces, walking sticks and electric scooters, ensure that all exercise is pain free and does not cause excessive tiredness. […] After a full assessment with a rehabilitation specialist, you may be referred to: a physiotherapist or exercise physiologist for weakness, pain or mobility problems, a respiratory therapist for breathing difficulties, an orthopedist for leg braces, an occupational therapist for help with functioning at work, home or in the community, a speech pathologist for help with speaking or swallowing, a pain clinic for chronic pain, a psychologist for depression or other mood difficulties, a social worker to assist with advocacy and quality of life, a pedorthist for help with footwear, a podiatrist for help with foot pain or other foot issues, a dietitian for help with nutrition to maintain a healthy weight. […] Health professionals such as social workers, psychologists or occupational therapists can help you manage any concerns you have due to increased or changing needs brought on by LEoP.

• #22

  https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/post-polio-syndrome/treatment/

  Being active is thought to be beneficial for most people with post-polio syndrome, as it may slow down the progressive muscle weakness. […] However, this can be difficult to achieve because your symptoms may feel worse after a period of activity. […] To overcome this problem, „pacing” techniques may be recommended. […] Many people with post-polio syndrome find it difficult to adapt to pacing at first. […] Nowadays, the advice is different. It’s thought that making effective and efficient use of your strength and muscle function will help them last longer. […] While pain and fatigue can often be reduced using pacing, various medications to help relieve pain are available if you need them. […] If you’re taking medication to control your pain, you may not be aware of damage that could be caused to your muscles and joints by too much activity.

• #23 Poliomyelitis

  https://www.health.vic.gov.au/infectious-diseases/poliomyelitis

  Poliomyelitis is a highly infectious viral illness that can cause paralysis and death. […] Universal vaccination in early childhood is the best way to prevent and eradicate poliomyelitis. […] Polio immunisation boosters are recommended for anyone planning travel overseas to countries where wild-type poliovirus is known to circulate. […] There is no specific treatment for poliovirus. Symptomatic cases require expert supervision and may need ventilation support. Early physiotherapy may increase the level of function and reduce the risk of physical deformities as a result of paralytic polio. […] For all cases, isolate in hospital or at home and use contact precautions. Isolation should continue until two stool samples taken 7 days apart are shown to be negative for poliovirus. Children must be excluded from primary schools and children’s services for at least 14 days from onset. They may return only after receiving a medical certificate of recovery.

• #24 Polio Resurgence: Guidance for Health Care Workers | NETEC

  https://netec.org/2023/02/06/polio-resurgence-guidance-for-health-care-workers/

  The only way to prevent polio is vaccination. […] The Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) recommends 4 doses of IPV for children, administered at 2 months, 4 months, 6-18 months, and 4-6 years. […] Unvaccinated adults who are at increased risk of exposure to poliovirus should be given three doses of IPV at recommended intervals: two doses separated by 1 to 2 months and a third dose 6 to 12 months after the second dose. […] Adults who are completely vaccinated but are at increased risk for exposure to poliovirus, including international travelers, laboratory workers, and health care workers, may receive a single lifetime booster dose of IPV. […] Individuals who have had a severe allergic reaction (e.g., anaphylaxis) after a previous dose or to a vaccine component should not receive IPV. […] Specimen collection, storage, and shipping to the CDC for polio isolation and genotyping requires that you first contact your state health department.

• #25 Polio (Poliomyelitis, Infantile Paralysis)

  https://www.health.ny.gov/diseases/communicable/polio/

  New Yorkers should know that paralysis is the most severe symptom associated with polio, because it can lead to permanent disability and death. Even children who seem to fully recover can develop new muscle pain, weakness, or paralysis as adults 15 to 40 years later. This is called post-polio syndrome. […] Make sure you and your family are fully immunized- learn more about polio immunization here. […] NYSDOH is driving immunizations among unvaccinated and under-vaccinated children, for whom coverage is lower, and adults. The inactivated polio vaccine, the only vaccine available in the U.S., protects 99 to 100 percent of people against disease who receive all recommended doses.

• #26 7 things to know about polio

  https://health.ucdavis.edu/news/headlines/7-things-to-know-about-polio-/2022/08

  People who arent vaccinated for polio will be at risk for polio infection. It can affect anyone of any age who hasnt been vaccinated for polio, not just children. […] Polio is very contagious. Virtually all children were infected with polio at some point before the vaccination was available. […] Yes, we can test for polio through specimens from the throat, stool and occasionally the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). […] The inactivated polio vaccine, known as IPV, is a very safe and effective vaccine with few side effects. […] The polio vaccine is given to children in a four-dose series as part of the regular vaccine schedule recommended by the CDC at: 2 months old, 4 months old, 6-18 months old, 4-6 years of age. […] Always make sure your child is up to date with the polio vaccine and other routine recommended vaccinations.

• #27 Polio (Poliomyelitis) Nursing Care Management: Study Guide – Nurseslabs

  https://nurseslabs.com/polio/

  The client was able to clear the airway and breathe effectively. […] The client was able to reduce the pain. […] The client was able to mobilize effectively. […] Documentation in a client with polio include: […] Individual findings, including factors affecting, interactions, nature of social exchanges, specifics of individual behavior. […] Cultural and religious beliefs, and expectations. […] Plan of care. […] Teaching plan. […] Responses to interventions, teaching, and actions performed. […] Attainment or progress toward the desired outcome.

• #28 An Historical View of Nursing and Polio | OJIN: The Online Journal of Issues in Nursing

  https://ojin.nursingworld.org/mainmenucategories/anamarketplace/anaperiodicals/ojin/tableofcontents/vol-26-2021/no1-jan-2021/articles-previous-topics/an-historical-view-of-nursing-and-polio.html

  The NFIP provided support for hospitals during epidemics; this included an increase in the number of nurses to provide necessary care. […] Nurses who worked in the hospital polio wards had their salaries paid by the hospital. […] Caring for patients within the iron lung required special education for the nursing staff. […] The role of the public health nurse was to prepare for an epidemic. […] Public health nurses helped to control outbreaks. […] There were new opportunities for advanced education for nurses due to polio. […] Public health nurses and school nurses were instrumental contributors to polio prevention clinics held in cities large and small across the country. […] Todays nurse needs to be aware of PPS, a non-infectious condition, which may occur 10 to 40 years after recovering from the disease.

• #29 An Historical View of Nursing and Polio | OJIN: The Online Journal of Issues in Nursing

  https://ojin.nursingworld.org/mainmenucategories/anamarketplace/anaperiodicals/ojin/tableofcontents/vol-26-2021/no1-jan-2021/articles-previous-topics/an-historical-view-of-nursing-and-polio.html

  It is important for pediatric and public health nurses to establish trust with parents, provide necessary education, and work to increase the numbers of children who receive necessary vaccines. […] Efforts of nurses to care for patients with polio prior to 1955 cannot be understated. […] Nurses worked long and tirelessly to provide direct care; educate the public; assist with vaccine trials; and coordinate vaccine administration.

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