Materiały źródłowe

• #1

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC3964358/

  Polyhydramnios is defined as a pathological increase of amniotic fluid volume in pregnancy and is associated with increased perinatal morbidity and mortality. […] To prevent the above complications, there are two methods of prenatal treatment: amnioreduction and pharmacological treatment with non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). […] However, prenatal administration of NSAIDs to reduce amniotic fluid volumes has not been approved in Germany. […] In addition to conventional management, experimental therapies which would alter fetal diuresis are being considered. […] Treatment consists of reducing the volume of amniotic fluid to improve maternal well-being and prolong the pregnancy. The following methods are used to reduce amniotic fluid volumes: amnioreduction (therapeutic amniocentesis) and pharmacological treatment.

• #2 Polyhydramnios | Altru Health System

  https://www.altru.org/health-library/conditions/polyhydramnios

  Polyhydramnios (pol-e-hi-DRAM-nee-os) is the buildup of increased amniotic fluid the fluid that surrounds the baby in the uterus during pregnancy. Polyhydramnios happens in about 1% to 2% of pregnancies. […] If you learn that you have polyhydramnios, your health care team carefully tracks your pregnancy to help prevent health problems. Treatment depends on how serious the condition is. Mild polyhydramnios may go away on its own. Severe polyhydramnios may need to be watched more closely by your care team. […] Risk factors for polyhydramnios include certain conditions that develop during pregnancy, such as gestational diabetes. A condition that affects the developing baby, such as a problem with the digestive tract, central nervous system or other organs, may also put you at risk of polyhydramnios.

• #3 Polyhydramnios – What You Need to Know

  https://www.drugs.com/cg/polyhydramnios.html

  Polyhydramnios is a condition that causes you to have too much amniotic fluid during pregnancy. […] You may not be able to prevent polyhydramnios. The following may lower the risk: […] Control diabetes or other medical conditions. Diabetes can cause problems for your baby, such as too much weight gain. If you have diabetes, work with your healthcare provider to manage your blood sugar levels before and during your next pregnancy.

• #4 Polyhydramnios | Texas Children’s

  https://www.texaschildrens.org/content/conditions/polyhydramnios

  Polyhydramnios is a condition in which there is too much amniotic fluid during pregnancy, the fluid that surrounds the developing fetus. Excess amniotic fluid can put both mother and baby at risk of complications. […] Treatment will depend on the severity and cause of the amniotic fluid buildup. Treatment may include: Management of underlying maternal disorders, such as diabetes, to control the amniotic fluid level and the growth of the baby. […] Increased amniotic fluid increases the risk of serious maternal and fetal complications at delivery. We recommend delivery at a hospital with the specialized expertise and resources required to treat these high-risk deliveries, including the highest level neonatal intensive care unit (NICU), if needed.

• #5 Polyhydramnios: Causes, Symptoms, Complications & Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/17852-polyhydramnios

  Polyhydramnios means theres too much amniotic fluid in your uterus during pregnancy. […] No, you cant prevent polyhydramnios. If youve been diagnosed with gestational diabetes or had diabetes before pregnancy, managing your blood sugar levels is one precaution you can take.

• #6 Polyhydramnios (too much amniotic fluid)

  https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/polyhydramnios/

  Polyhydramnios (too much amniotic fluid) usually does not need any treatment. You may have extra check-ups for the rest of your pregnancy and during labour and birth. […] If the polyhydramnios is caused by a condition such as gestational diabetes, you’ll be treated for the condition. […] If you have moderate or severe polyhydramnios, you may be advised to give birth in hospital. This is so you can be monitored closely and treatment will be available quickly if needed.

• #7 Polyhydramnios | Texas Children’s

  https://www.texaschildrens.org/content/conditions/polyhydramnios

  Polyhydramnios is a condition in which there is too much amniotic fluid during pregnancy, the fluid that surrounds the developing fetus. Excess amniotic fluid can put both mother and baby at risk of complications. […] Treatment will depend on the severity and cause of the amniotic fluid buildup. Treatment may include: Management of underlying maternal disorders, such as diabetes, to control the amniotic fluid level and the growth of the baby. […] Increased amniotic fluid increases the risk of serious maternal and fetal complications at delivery. We recommend delivery at a hospital with the specialized expertise and resources required to treat these high-risk deliveries, including the highest level neonatal intensive care unit (NICU), if needed.

• #8 Polyhydramnios – Symptoms and causes – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/polyhydramnios/symptoms-causes/syc-20368493

  In polyhydramnios, increased levels of amniotic fluid accumulates in the uterus during pregnancy. […] If you learn that you have polyhydramnios, your health care team carefully tracks your pregnancy to help prevent health problems. […] Mild polyhydramnios may go away on its own. Severe polyhydramnios may need to be watched more closely by your care team. […] Risk factors for polyhydramnios include certain conditions that develop during pregnancy, such as gestational diabetes. […] A condition that affects the developing baby, such as a problem with the digestive tract, central nervous system or other organs, may also put you at risk of polyhydramnios.

• #9 Polyhydramnios – Gynecology and Obstetrics – Merck Manual Professional Edition

  https://www.merckmanuals.com/professional/gynecology-and-obstetrics/antenatal-complications/polyhydramnios

  Polyhydramnios is excessive amniotic fluid; it is associated with maternal and fetal complications. […] Management is by treating maternal disorders contributing to polyhydramnios. […] If polyhydramnios is suspected, do ultrasonography to determine amniotic fluid index or single deepest pocket, and test for possible causes (including a comprehensive ultrasonographic evaluation). […] Consider reducing amniotic fluid volume only if polyhydramnios causes severe maternal symptoms. […] Begin prenatal monitoring with weekly nonstress tests as early as 32 weeks in patients with an amniotic fluid index of 30 cm.

• #10 Polyhydramnios (too much amniotic fluid)

  https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/polyhydramnios/

  Polyhydramnios (too much amniotic fluid) usually does not need any treatment. You may have extra check-ups for the rest of your pregnancy and during labour and birth. […] If the polyhydramnios is caused by a condition such as gestational diabetes, you’ll be treated for the condition. […] If you have moderate or severe polyhydramnios, you may be advised to give birth in hospital. This is so you can be monitored closely and treatment will be available quickly if needed.

• #11 Polyhydramnios | March of Dimes

  https://www.marchofdimes.org/find-support/topics/planning-baby/polyhydramnios

  Polyhydramnios happens when there is too much amniotic fluid around your baby during pregnancy. […] Having too much fluid can affect how your baby develops. […] In many cases, slight polyhydramnios goes away by itself. […] If you have polyhydramnios, your provider will monitor your condition closely during your pregnancy. […] When an ultrasound shows you have too much amniotic fluid, your provider does a more detailed ultrasound to check for birth defects and twin-to-twin transfusion syndrome. […] In many cases, slight polyhydramnios goes away by itself. Other times, it may go away when the problem causing it is fixed. […] Having too much amniotic fluid may make you uncomfortable. Your provider may give you medicine called indomethacin. This medicine helps lower the amount of urine that your baby makes, so it lowers the amount of amniotic fluid. Amniocentesis also can remove extra fluid. […] If you have slight polyhydramnios near the end of your pregnancy but tests show that you and your baby are healthy, you usually don’t need any treatment. If your or your baby’s health is in danger, your provider may give you medicine to start your labor early.

• #12 Polyhydramnios – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK562140/

  Antepartum fetal surveillance is recommended for patients with moderate-to-severe polyhydramnios starting between 32 and 34 weeks of gestation due to the increased risk of perinatal morbidity and mortality. […] Amnioreduction can be considered for symptomatic patients with severe polyhydramnios. […] Indomethacin should not be used solely for the treatment of polyhydramnios. […] Pregnant individuals affected by severe polyhydramnios should be delivered at a tertiary care center, with neonatal support immediately available.

• #13 Polyhydramnios – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK562140/

  Antepartum fetal surveillance is recommended for patients with moderate-to-severe polyhydramnios starting between 32 and 34 weeks of gestation due to the increased risk of perinatal morbidity and mortality. […] Amnioreduction can be considered for symptomatic patients with severe polyhydramnios. […] Indomethacin should not be used solely for the treatment of polyhydramnios. […] Pregnant individuals affected by severe polyhydramnios should be delivered at a tertiary care center, with neonatal support immediately available.

• #14 Polyhydramnios – Gynecology and Obstetrics – Merck Manual Professional Edition

  https://www.merckmanuals.com/professional/gynecology-and-obstetrics/antenatal-complications/polyhydramnios

  Polyhydramnios is excessive amniotic fluid; it is associated with maternal and fetal complications. […] Management is by treating maternal disorders contributing to polyhydramnios. […] If polyhydramnios is suspected, do ultrasonography to determine amniotic fluid index or single deepest pocket, and test for possible causes (including a comprehensive ultrasonographic evaluation). […] Consider reducing amniotic fluid volume only if polyhydramnios causes severe maternal symptoms. […] Begin prenatal monitoring with weekly nonstress tests as early as 32 weeks in patients with an amniotic fluid index of 30 cm.

• #15 Treatment & Monitoring of Polyhydramnios: | Know Polyhydramnios

  https://polyhydramnios.org/learn-more-about-polyhydramnios/treatment-and-management-of-polyhydramnios/

  There is no treatment for Polyhydramnios, but there are ways to manage the condition. […] Monitoring and management methods include management of the underlying condition (when possible), fetal surveillance, reducing fluid, and creating an effective care plan. […] The ACOG recommends antenatal surveillance in all pregnancies at risk for stillbirth beginning at 32 weeks. […] Because Polyhydramnios is associated with a higher risk of stillbirth, we recommend fetal surveillance should be used in all pregnancies complicated by persistent Polyhydramnios in order to monitor for signs of fetal distress. […] Reducing amniotic fluid is a temporary solution used to either provide relief from the symptoms of Polyhydramnios or to help prolong a pregnancy at risk of preterm delivery. […] There are two medically recognized methods to reduce amniotic fluid during pregnancy: amnioreduction (not to be confused with amniocentesis) and Prostaglandin Synthetase Inhibitors, such as Indomethacin.

• #16 Polyhydramnios | Texas Children’s

  https://www.texaschildrens.org/content/conditions/polyhydramnios

  Polyhydramnios is a condition in which there is too much amniotic fluid during pregnancy, the fluid that surrounds the developing fetus. Excess amniotic fluid can put both mother and baby at risk of complications. […] Treatment will depend on the severity and cause of the amniotic fluid buildup. Treatment may include: Management of underlying maternal disorders, such as diabetes, to control the amniotic fluid level and the growth of the baby. […] Increased amniotic fluid increases the risk of serious maternal and fetal complications at delivery. We recommend delivery at a hospital with the specialized expertise and resources required to treat these high-risk deliveries, including the highest level neonatal intensive care unit (NICU), if needed.

• #17 Polyhydramnios – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK562140/

  Antepartum fetal surveillance is recommended for patients with moderate-to-severe polyhydramnios starting between 32 and 34 weeks of gestation due to the increased risk of perinatal morbidity and mortality. […] Amnioreduction can be considered for symptomatic patients with severe polyhydramnios. […] Indomethacin should not be used solely for the treatment of polyhydramnios. […] Pregnant individuals affected by severe polyhydramnios should be delivered at a tertiary care center, with neonatal support immediately available.

• #18 Polyhydramnios | Texas Children’s

  https://www.texaschildrens.org/content/conditions/polyhydramnios

  Polyhydramnios is a condition in which there is too much amniotic fluid during pregnancy, the fluid that surrounds the developing fetus. Excess amniotic fluid can put both mother and baby at risk of complications. […] Treatment will depend on the severity and cause of the amniotic fluid buildup. Treatment may include: Management of underlying maternal disorders, such as diabetes, to control the amniotic fluid level and the growth of the baby. […] Increased amniotic fluid increases the risk of serious maternal and fetal complications at delivery. We recommend delivery at a hospital with the specialized expertise and resources required to treat these high-risk deliveries, including the highest level neonatal intensive care unit (NICU), if needed.

• #19 Polyhydramnios (too much amniotic fluid)

  https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/polyhydramnios/

  Polyhydramnios (too much amniotic fluid) usually does not need any treatment. You may have extra check-ups for the rest of your pregnancy and during labour and birth. […] If the polyhydramnios is caused by a condition such as gestational diabetes, you’ll be treated for the condition. […] If you have moderate or severe polyhydramnios, you may be advised to give birth in hospital. This is so you can be monitored closely and treatment will be available quickly if needed.

• #20

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC3964358/

  Polyhydramnios is defined as a pathological increase of amniotic fluid volume in pregnancy and is associated with increased perinatal morbidity and mortality. […] To prevent the above complications, there are two methods of prenatal treatment: amnioreduction and pharmacological treatment with non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). […] However, prenatal administration of NSAIDs to reduce amniotic fluid volumes has not been approved in Germany. […] In addition to conventional management, experimental therapies which would alter fetal diuresis are being considered. […] Treatment consists of reducing the volume of amniotic fluid to improve maternal well-being and prolong the pregnancy. The following methods are used to reduce amniotic fluid volumes: amnioreduction (therapeutic amniocentesis) and pharmacological treatment.

• #21 Treatment & Monitoring of Polyhydramnios: | Know Polyhydramnios

  https://polyhydramnios.org/learn-more-about-polyhydramnios/treatment-and-management-of-polyhydramnios/

  Although indomethacin does reduce the amount of amniotic fluid surrounding a baby, the Society for Maternal-Fetal Medicine recommends that indomethacin NOT be used for the sole purpose of reducing amniotic fluid in the setting of Polyhydramnios. […] If Indomethacin is used, it should only be before 28 weeks gestation, for no longer than 24 hours, and for the purpose of stalling premature labor long enough to administer steroid injections to the baby.

• #22 Polyhydramnios: Causes and How It’s Managed

  https://www.verywellhealth.com/polyhydramnios-5120928

  Prescription medications to reduce amniotic fluid. Prostaglandin synthetase inhibitors can be used during the first two trimesters, but it is not recommended after the 28th week of pregnancy to reduce amniotic fluid. Indomethacin is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug that can be used to treat polyhydramnios and is not used at 32 weeks or later. […] People diagnosed with polyhydramnios can expect more careful monitoring of fetal development, position, and amniotic fluid volume.

• #23 Treatment & Monitoring of Polyhydramnios: | Know Polyhydramnios

  https://polyhydramnios.org/learn-more-about-polyhydramnios/treatment-and-management-of-polyhydramnios/

  Although indomethacin does reduce the amount of amniotic fluid surrounding a baby, the Society for Maternal-Fetal Medicine recommends that indomethacin NOT be used for the sole purpose of reducing amniotic fluid in the setting of Polyhydramnios. […] If Indomethacin is used, it should only be before 28 weeks gestation, for no longer than 24 hours, and for the purpose of stalling premature labor long enough to administer steroid injections to the baby.

• #24 What Is Polyhydramnios? Causes, Symptoms, and More

  https://www.webmd.com/baby/what-to-know-about-polyhydramnios

  Polyhydramnios makes the womb larger than normal. It can affect your pregnancy. […] Mild polyhydramnios may cause discomfort, but it usually doesn’t require treatment and resolves over time. Sometimes, treating the underlying cause, like diabetes, can resolve polyhydramnios. […] If you have severe polyhydramnios, you may have early labor, breathing problems, or abdominal pain. In such cases, you may need immediate treatment and even hospitalization. […] Polyhydramnios treatment includes: […] Your doctor will drain the excess amniotic fluid from your womb. They may use amniocentesis to remove the fluid. However, the drainage procedure has some risk of complications such as early labor, detachment of the placenta, and rupture of the amniotic sac. […] Your doctor may prescribe oral medicines such as indomethacin (Indocin). It helps reduce your baby’s urine production and amniotic fluid levels. However, it must be taken before 31 weeks of pregnancy. […] After polyhydramnios treatment, your doctor will continue to monitor your amniotic fluid level every few weeks. Understand that most expectant mothers with polyhydramnios have mildly increased amniotic fluid levels and will not need these kinds of treatments.

• #25 Polyhydramnios (Causes, Symptoms, and Treatment)

  https://patient.info/doctor/polyhydramnios

  Polyhydramnios treatment and management1 11 […] Management is undertaken in secondary care. There are no guidelines or large studies to guide management decisions. […] The first step is to identify if there is an underlying cause. […] Identified causes are treated as appropriate. Fetal hydrops anaemia is treated with intravascular transfusion. If gestational diabetes is diagnosed, tight glycaemic control should be maintained. This may involve dietary manipulation, oral medication or insulin12 . […] Mild polyhydramnios can be simply monitored and treated conservatively. […] Preterm labour is common due to overdistension of the uterus, and measures should be taken to minimise this complication. This includes regular antenatal checks and inspection of the uterus. Serial ultrasound scans should be carried out to monitor the AFI and fetal growth. […] Induction of labour should be considered if fetal distress develops. Induction by artificial rupture of the membranes (ARM) should be controlled, performed by an obstetrician and with consent to proceed to lower-segment caesarean section if required. […] Corticosteroids should be given to the mother antenatally if preterm delivery is imminent or considered13 . This helps to improve lung maturity. […] Prostaglandin synthetase inhibitors, particularly indometacin, may be used. This acts at least partly by reducing renal blood flow and reducing fetal urination. It is used usually for a maximum of 48 hours and regimes vary. It is not used in twin-to-twin syndrome or after 32 weeks, as adverse effects outweigh benefits in these cases. The main risk is fetal ductus arteriosus constriction and the risk increases with gestation. Sulindac has also been used but there are no trials to confirm efficacy and safety. […] Amnioreduction (drainage of amniotic fluid under ultrasound guidance) is also used in cases where indometacin is contra-indicated, in severe polyhydramnios, or in patients who are symptomatic. It is more commonly used in twin-to-twin transfusion syndrome. There are few studies but those that exist suggest it is safe and effective, although serial procedures may be required14 . […] Polyhydramnios associated with twin-to-twin syndrome may also benefit from laser ablation of the connecting placental vessels9 .

• #26

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC3964358/

  Tocolytics are routinely used as prophylaxis to prevent onset of preterm labor. […] Prostaglandin synthetase inhibitors have not been approved for this indication in pregnancy in Germany. […] While these substances are used as an analgesic or in anti-inflammatory therapy in the 1st and 2nd trimesters of pregnancy, patients are advised against using these substances after the 28th week of gestation. […] The efficacy and safety of these experimental therapeutic approaches should be investigated in prospective randomized studies. […] In view of the increased perinatal mortality and morbidity associated with pregnancies with polyhydramnios, careful monitoring is recommended. […] Intervention is generally recommended in cases with severe maternal discomfort or obstetric complications, e.g. premature labor. […] Polyhydramnios diagnosed on ultrasound requires further maternal and fetal diagnostic tests.

• #27

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC3964358/

  Tocolytics are routinely used as prophylaxis to prevent onset of preterm labor. […] Prostaglandin synthetase inhibitors have not been approved for this indication in pregnancy in Germany. […] While these substances are used as an analgesic or in anti-inflammatory therapy in the 1st and 2nd trimesters of pregnancy, patients are advised against using these substances after the 28th week of gestation. […] The efficacy and safety of these experimental therapeutic approaches should be investigated in prospective randomized studies. […] In view of the increased perinatal mortality and morbidity associated with pregnancies with polyhydramnios, careful monitoring is recommended. […] Intervention is generally recommended in cases with severe maternal discomfort or obstetric complications, e.g. premature labor. […] Polyhydramnios diagnosed on ultrasound requires further maternal and fetal diagnostic tests.

• #28 Polyhydramnios (Causes, Symptoms, and Treatment)

  https://patient.info/doctor/polyhydramnios

  Polyhydramnios treatment and management1 11 […] Management is undertaken in secondary care. There are no guidelines or large studies to guide management decisions. […] The first step is to identify if there is an underlying cause. […] Identified causes are treated as appropriate. Fetal hydrops anaemia is treated with intravascular transfusion. If gestational diabetes is diagnosed, tight glycaemic control should be maintained. This may involve dietary manipulation, oral medication or insulin12 . […] Mild polyhydramnios can be simply monitored and treated conservatively. […] Preterm labour is common due to overdistension of the uterus, and measures should be taken to minimise this complication. This includes regular antenatal checks and inspection of the uterus. Serial ultrasound scans should be carried out to monitor the AFI and fetal growth. […] Induction of labour should be considered if fetal distress develops. Induction by artificial rupture of the membranes (ARM) should be controlled, performed by an obstetrician and with consent to proceed to lower-segment caesarean section if required. […] Corticosteroids should be given to the mother antenatally if preterm delivery is imminent or considered13 . This helps to improve lung maturity. […] Prostaglandin synthetase inhibitors, particularly indometacin, may be used. This acts at least partly by reducing renal blood flow and reducing fetal urination. It is used usually for a maximum of 48 hours and regimes vary. It is not used in twin-to-twin syndrome or after 32 weeks, as adverse effects outweigh benefits in these cases. The main risk is fetal ductus arteriosus constriction and the risk increases with gestation. Sulindac has also been used but there are no trials to confirm efficacy and safety. […] Amnioreduction (drainage of amniotic fluid under ultrasound guidance) is also used in cases where indometacin is contra-indicated, in severe polyhydramnios, or in patients who are symptomatic. It is more commonly used in twin-to-twin transfusion syndrome. There are few studies but those that exist suggest it is safe and effective, although serial procedures may be required14 . […] Polyhydramnios associated with twin-to-twin syndrome may also benefit from laser ablation of the connecting placental vessels9 .

• #29

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC3964358/

  Polyhydramnios is defined as a pathological increase of amniotic fluid volume in pregnancy and is associated with increased perinatal morbidity and mortality. […] To prevent the above complications, there are two methods of prenatal treatment: amnioreduction and pharmacological treatment with non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). […] However, prenatal administration of NSAIDs to reduce amniotic fluid volumes has not been approved in Germany. […] In addition to conventional management, experimental therapies which would alter fetal diuresis are being considered. […] Treatment consists of reducing the volume of amniotic fluid to improve maternal well-being and prolong the pregnancy. The following methods are used to reduce amniotic fluid volumes: amnioreduction (therapeutic amniocentesis) and pharmacological treatment.

• #30 Treatment & Monitoring of Polyhydramnios: | Know Polyhydramnios

  https://polyhydramnios.org/learn-more-about-polyhydramnios/treatment-and-management-of-polyhydramnios/

  Amnioreduction is considered safe to use in extreme circumstances. […] Indomethacin on the other hand is NOT RECOMMENDED to be used solely for the purpose of reducing fluid because it can harm your baby. […] Amnioreduction is only recommended in cases of severe Polyhydramnios (SDP 16 cm or AFI 35.1 cm) where maternal breathing is also severely impacted. […] Amnioreduction is done for the purpose of providing maternal relief from the symptoms of severe Polyhydramnios, and to help reduce the risk of preterm birth. […] Amnioreduction is not a long-term treatment. […] The risks of amnioreduction include: Pain during the procedure, Increased contractions, Premature labor/birth, Spontaneous rupture of membranes, Placental abruption (caused by rapid reduction of fluid), Chorioamnionitis (infection of fetal membranes), Stillbirth.

• #31

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC3964358/

  Polyhydramnios is defined as a pathological increase of amniotic fluid volume in pregnancy and is associated with increased perinatal morbidity and mortality. […] To prevent the above complications, there are two methods of prenatal treatment: amnioreduction and pharmacological treatment with non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). […] However, prenatal administration of NSAIDs to reduce amniotic fluid volumes has not been approved in Germany. […] In addition to conventional management, experimental therapies which would alter fetal diuresis are being considered. […] Treatment consists of reducing the volume of amniotic fluid to improve maternal well-being and prolong the pregnancy. The following methods are used to reduce amniotic fluid volumes: amnioreduction (therapeutic amniocentesis) and pharmacological treatment.

• #32 Treatment & Monitoring of Polyhydramnios: | Know Polyhydramnios

  https://polyhydramnios.org/learn-more-about-polyhydramnios/treatment-and-management-of-polyhydramnios/

  Amnioreduction is considered safe to use in extreme circumstances. […] Indomethacin on the other hand is NOT RECOMMENDED to be used solely for the purpose of reducing fluid because it can harm your baby. […] Amnioreduction is only recommended in cases of severe Polyhydramnios (SDP 16 cm or AFI 35.1 cm) where maternal breathing is also severely impacted. […] Amnioreduction is done for the purpose of providing maternal relief from the symptoms of severe Polyhydramnios, and to help reduce the risk of preterm birth. […] Amnioreduction is not a long-term treatment. […] The risks of amnioreduction include: Pain during the procedure, Increased contractions, Premature labor/birth, Spontaneous rupture of membranes, Placental abruption (caused by rapid reduction of fluid), Chorioamnionitis (infection of fetal membranes), Stillbirth.

• #33 Treatment & Monitoring of Polyhydramnios: | Know Polyhydramnios

  https://polyhydramnios.org/learn-more-about-polyhydramnios/treatment-and-management-of-polyhydramnios/

  Amnioreduction is considered safe to use in extreme circumstances. […] Indomethacin on the other hand is NOT RECOMMENDED to be used solely for the purpose of reducing fluid because it can harm your baby. […] Amnioreduction is only recommended in cases of severe Polyhydramnios (SDP 16 cm or AFI 35.1 cm) where maternal breathing is also severely impacted. […] Amnioreduction is done for the purpose of providing maternal relief from the symptoms of severe Polyhydramnios, and to help reduce the risk of preterm birth. […] Amnioreduction is not a long-term treatment. […] The risks of amnioreduction include: Pain during the procedure, Increased contractions, Premature labor/birth, Spontaneous rupture of membranes, Placental abruption (caused by rapid reduction of fluid), Chorioamnionitis (infection of fetal membranes), Stillbirth.

• #34 Polyhydramnios – MD Searchlight

  https://mdsearchlight.com/womens-health/polyhydramnios/

  Polyhydramnios is a condition where there is too much amniotic fluid during pregnancy. […] If severe polyhydramnios is suspected, further checks and monitoring of the baby in the womb are needed to find out the cause, plan care, and decide when the delivery should take place. […] Its recommended that the delivery takes place in a specialist care center. […] To help you understand more, your doctor will give you information about polyhydramnios. This will explain that if the volume of amniotic fluid is above the usual range for your stage of pregnancy, well need to take a closer look at your babys stomach, kidneys, and bladder. This is to make sure there are no serious issues. […] One potential cause of polyhydramnios is Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM), which is a type of diabetes that develops during pregnancy. So, we may request some lab tests to check if you have GDM. […] Remember, your involvement and understanding are very important in managing polyhydramnios during your pregnancy. We encourage you and your family to be active participants in any decisions about your care. […] Bed rest is not effective in preventing complications from polyhydramnios.

• #35 Polyhydramnios and Oligohydramnios Treatment & Management: Approach Considerations, Medical Care, Consultations

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/975821-treatment

  In cases of polyhydramnios in which maternal diabetes is suspected, perform a glucose tolerance test. If the test results are positive, treat the mother with an American Diabetes Association diet. Insulin is rarely needed. […] Maternal bed rest and hydration promote the production of amniotic fluid by increasing the maternal intravascular space. Bed rest may also help when pregnancy-induced hypertension is present, allowing prolongation of the pregnancy. […] Studies show that oral hydration, by having the women drink 2 liters of water, increases the AFI by 30%. In singleton pregnancies where oligohydramnios is present without maternal and fetal complications, evidence exists that either oral or intravenous maternal hydration (1500-2500 mL/day) is associated with a 20-30% improvement in AFI and a reduction in cesarean delivery. […] A specialist in maternal-fetal medicine should be consulted when significant polyhydramnios or oligohydramnios is present, especially when the condition is unexplained, involves hydrops fetalis, or is associated with congenital malformations.

• #36 How To Reduce Polyhydramnios Naturally? 18 Lifestyle Changes

  https://www.pinkorchid.in/post/how-to-reduce-polyhydramnios-naturally

  Polyhydramnios, the excessive accumulation of amniotic fluid during pregnancy, can pose challenges for expectant mothers. […] There are natural approaches that pregnant individuals can consider to help manage polyhydramnios and promote overall well-being. […] Reducing amniotic fluid levels during pregnancy often requires a multifaceted approach, including lifestyle changes aimed at promoting overall health and fluid balance. […] Engaging in regular, moderate exercise can help promote circulation and fluid balance in the body. […] High sodium intake can contribute to fluid retention, so it’s important to watch your salt intake during pregnancy. […] Maintaining balanced amniotic fluid levels is crucial for a healthy pregnancy. […] It’s important to discuss any dietary concerns or considerations with your healthcare provider.

• #37 How To Reduce Polyhydramnios Naturally? 18 Lifestyle Changes

  https://www.pinkorchid.in/post/how-to-reduce-polyhydramnios-naturally

  Polyhydramnios, the excessive accumulation of amniotic fluid during pregnancy, can pose challenges for expectant mothers. […] There are natural approaches that pregnant individuals can consider to help manage polyhydramnios and promote overall well-being. […] Reducing amniotic fluid levels during pregnancy often requires a multifaceted approach, including lifestyle changes aimed at promoting overall health and fluid balance. […] Engaging in regular, moderate exercise can help promote circulation and fluid balance in the body. […] High sodium intake can contribute to fluid retention, so it’s important to watch your salt intake during pregnancy. […] Maintaining balanced amniotic fluid levels is crucial for a healthy pregnancy. […] It’s important to discuss any dietary concerns or considerations with your healthcare provider.

• #38 How To Reduce Polyhydramnios Naturally? 18 Lifestyle Changes

  https://www.pinkorchid.in/post/how-to-reduce-polyhydramnios-naturally

  Polyhydramnios, the excessive accumulation of amniotic fluid during pregnancy, can pose challenges for expectant mothers. […] There are natural approaches that pregnant individuals can consider to help manage polyhydramnios and promote overall well-being. […] Reducing amniotic fluid levels during pregnancy often requires a multifaceted approach, including lifestyle changes aimed at promoting overall health and fluid balance. […] Engaging in regular, moderate exercise can help promote circulation and fluid balance in the body. […] High sodium intake can contribute to fluid retention, so it’s important to watch your salt intake during pregnancy. […] Maintaining balanced amniotic fluid levels is crucial for a healthy pregnancy. […] It’s important to discuss any dietary concerns or considerations with your healthcare provider.

• #39 How To Reduce Polyhydramnios Naturally? 18 Lifestyle Changes

  https://www.pinkorchid.in/post/how-to-reduce-polyhydramnios-naturally

  Polyhydramnios, the excessive accumulation of amniotic fluid during pregnancy, can pose challenges for expectant mothers. […] There are natural approaches that pregnant individuals can consider to help manage polyhydramnios and promote overall well-being. […] Reducing amniotic fluid levels during pregnancy often requires a multifaceted approach, including lifestyle changes aimed at promoting overall health and fluid balance. […] Engaging in regular, moderate exercise can help promote circulation and fluid balance in the body. […] High sodium intake can contribute to fluid retention, so it’s important to watch your salt intake during pregnancy. […] Maintaining balanced amniotic fluid levels is crucial for a healthy pregnancy. […] It’s important to discuss any dietary concerns or considerations with your healthcare provider.

• #40 How To Reduce Polyhydramnios Naturally? 18 Lifestyle Changes

  https://www.pinkorchid.in/post/how-to-reduce-polyhydramnios-naturally

  Therefore, maintaining a healthy weight through balanced nutrition and regular exercise may help regulate amniotic fluid levels. […] Chronic stress can have physiological effects on the body, potentially impacting fluid balance and exacerbating conditions like polyhydramnios. […] To reduce polyhydramnios, consult with your healthcare provider for personalized recommendations, which may include dietary adjustments, lifestyle modifications, and medical interventions such as amnioreduction or early delivery in severe cases. […] Foods that can potentially decrease amniotic fluid levels include those low in sodium, rich in potassium, and balanced in carbohydrates, along with adequate hydration; however, dietary changes should be discussed with a healthcare provider for personalized recommendations. […] In conclusion, managing polyhydramnios naturally during pregnancy involves a combination of dietary changes, lifestyle adjustments, and holistic practices.

• #41 How To Reduce Polyhydramnios Naturally? 18 Lifestyle Changes

  https://www.pinkorchid.in/post/how-to-reduce-polyhydramnios-naturally

  Therefore, maintaining a healthy weight through balanced nutrition and regular exercise may help regulate amniotic fluid levels. […] Chronic stress can have physiological effects on the body, potentially impacting fluid balance and exacerbating conditions like polyhydramnios. […] To reduce polyhydramnios, consult with your healthcare provider for personalized recommendations, which may include dietary adjustments, lifestyle modifications, and medical interventions such as amnioreduction or early delivery in severe cases. […] Foods that can potentially decrease amniotic fluid levels include those low in sodium, rich in potassium, and balanced in carbohydrates, along with adequate hydration; however, dietary changes should be discussed with a healthcare provider for personalized recommendations. […] In conclusion, managing polyhydramnios naturally during pregnancy involves a combination of dietary changes, lifestyle adjustments, and holistic practices.

• #42 Polyhydramnios | Beacon Health System

  https://www.beaconhealthsystem.org/library/diseases-and-conditions/polyhydramnios?content_id=CON-20339036

  In polyhydramnios, increased levels of amniotic fluid accumulates in the uterus during pregnancy. […] If you learn that you have polyhydramnios, your health care team carefully tracks your pregnancy to help prevent health problems. […] Mild polyhydramnios rarely needs treatment. It may go away on its own. […] Otherwise, treatment for an underlying cause such as diabetes may help clear up polyhydramnios. […] You may need treatment in the hospital if you have severe polyhydramnios with symptoms such as shortness of breath, stomach pain or contractions. […] After treatment, your health care team likely will want to check your amniotic fluid level about every 1 to 3 weeks. […] If you have mild to moderate polyhydramnios, your care team probably will plan to have you deliver your baby at 39 or 40 weeks. […] If you have severe polyhydramnios, your team likely will talk about the right timing of delivery. The goal is to lower the chances of health problems for you and your baby.

• #43 Polyhydramnios | Beacon Health System

  https://www.beaconhealthsystem.org/library/diseases-and-conditions/polyhydramnios?content_id=CON-20339036

  In polyhydramnios, increased levels of amniotic fluid accumulates in the uterus during pregnancy. […] If you learn that you have polyhydramnios, your health care team carefully tracks your pregnancy to help prevent health problems. […] Mild polyhydramnios rarely needs treatment. It may go away on its own. […] Otherwise, treatment for an underlying cause such as diabetes may help clear up polyhydramnios. […] You may need treatment in the hospital if you have severe polyhydramnios with symptoms such as shortness of breath, stomach pain or contractions. […] After treatment, your health care team likely will want to check your amniotic fluid level about every 1 to 3 weeks. […] If you have mild to moderate polyhydramnios, your care team probably will plan to have you deliver your baby at 39 or 40 weeks. […] If you have severe polyhydramnios, your team likely will talk about the right timing of delivery. The goal is to lower the chances of health problems for you and your baby.

• #44 Polyhydramnios (Causes, Symptoms, and Treatment)

  https://patient.info/doctor/polyhydramnios

  Polyhydramnios treatment and management1 11 […] Management is undertaken in secondary care. There are no guidelines or large studies to guide management decisions. […] The first step is to identify if there is an underlying cause. […] Identified causes are treated as appropriate. Fetal hydrops anaemia is treated with intravascular transfusion. If gestational diabetes is diagnosed, tight glycaemic control should be maintained. This may involve dietary manipulation, oral medication or insulin12 . […] Mild polyhydramnios can be simply monitored and treated conservatively. […] Preterm labour is common due to overdistension of the uterus, and measures should be taken to minimise this complication. This includes regular antenatal checks and inspection of the uterus. Serial ultrasound scans should be carried out to monitor the AFI and fetal growth. […] Induction of labour should be considered if fetal distress develops. Induction by artificial rupture of the membranes (ARM) should be controlled, performed by an obstetrician and with consent to proceed to lower-segment caesarean section if required. […] Corticosteroids should be given to the mother antenatally if preterm delivery is imminent or considered13 . This helps to improve lung maturity. […] Prostaglandin synthetase inhibitors, particularly indometacin, may be used. This acts at least partly by reducing renal blood flow and reducing fetal urination. It is used usually for a maximum of 48 hours and regimes vary. It is not used in twin-to-twin syndrome or after 32 weeks, as adverse effects outweigh benefits in these cases. The main risk is fetal ductus arteriosus constriction and the risk increases with gestation. Sulindac has also been used but there are no trials to confirm efficacy and safety. […] Amnioreduction (drainage of amniotic fluid under ultrasound guidance) is also used in cases where indometacin is contra-indicated, in severe polyhydramnios, or in patients who are symptomatic. It is more commonly used in twin-to-twin transfusion syndrome. There are few studies but those that exist suggest it is safe and effective, although serial procedures may be required14 . […] Polyhydramnios associated with twin-to-twin syndrome may also benefit from laser ablation of the connecting placental vessels9 .

• #45 4.8 Polyhydramnios | MSF Medical Guidelines

  https://medicalguidelines.msf.org/en/viewport/ONC/english/4-8-polyhydramnios-51416755.html

  Excess amniotic fluid (more than 2 litres at term). […] Do not puncture or drain amniotic fluid during pregnancy: risk of infection. […] Use of oxytocin during labour is dangerous and oxytocin should be administered with caution as the over-distended uterus may rupture. […] Amniotomy carries risk of cord prolapse. In the event of cord prolapse, a caesarean section may be considered taking into account gestational age and potential presence of foetal malformation. […] In the event of acute polyhydramnios in the second trimester, perform vaginal delivery. […] Risk of postpartum haemorrhage (routinely insert an IV line).

• #46 4.8 Polyhydramnios | MSF Medical Guidelines

  https://medicalguidelines.msf.org/en/viewport/ONC/english/4-8-polyhydramnios-51416755.html

  Excess amniotic fluid (more than 2 litres at term). […] Do not puncture or drain amniotic fluid during pregnancy: risk of infection. […] Use of oxytocin during labour is dangerous and oxytocin should be administered with caution as the over-distended uterus may rupture. […] Amniotomy carries risk of cord prolapse. In the event of cord prolapse, a caesarean section may be considered taking into account gestational age and potential presence of foetal malformation. […] In the event of acute polyhydramnios in the second trimester, perform vaginal delivery. […] Risk of postpartum haemorrhage (routinely insert an IV line).

• #47 4.8 Polyhydramnios | MSF Medical Guidelines

  https://medicalguidelines.msf.org/en/viewport/ONC/english/4-8-polyhydramnios-51416755.html

  Excess amniotic fluid (more than 2 litres at term). […] Do not puncture or drain amniotic fluid during pregnancy: risk of infection. […] Use of oxytocin during labour is dangerous and oxytocin should be administered with caution as the over-distended uterus may rupture. […] Amniotomy carries risk of cord prolapse. In the event of cord prolapse, a caesarean section may be considered taking into account gestational age and potential presence of foetal malformation. […] In the event of acute polyhydramnios in the second trimester, perform vaginal delivery. […] Risk of postpartum haemorrhage (routinely insert an IV line).

• #48 4.8 Polyhydramnios | MSF Medical Guidelines

  https://medicalguidelines.msf.org/en/viewport/ONC/english/4-8-polyhydramnios-51416755.html

  Excess amniotic fluid (more than 2 litres at term). […] Do not puncture or drain amniotic fluid during pregnancy: risk of infection. […] Use of oxytocin during labour is dangerous and oxytocin should be administered with caution as the over-distended uterus may rupture. […] Amniotomy carries risk of cord prolapse. In the event of cord prolapse, a caesarean section may be considered taking into account gestational age and potential presence of foetal malformation. […] In the event of acute polyhydramnios in the second trimester, perform vaginal delivery. […] Risk of postpartum haemorrhage (routinely insert an IV line).

• #49 4.8 Polyhydramnios | MSF Medical Guidelines

  https://medicalguidelines.msf.org/en/viewport/ONC/english/4-8-polyhydramnios-51416755.html

  Excess amniotic fluid (more than 2 litres at term). […] Do not puncture or drain amniotic fluid during pregnancy: risk of infection. […] Use of oxytocin during labour is dangerous and oxytocin should be administered with caution as the over-distended uterus may rupture. […] Amniotomy carries risk of cord prolapse. In the event of cord prolapse, a caesarean section may be considered taking into account gestational age and potential presence of foetal malformation. […] In the event of acute polyhydramnios in the second trimester, perform vaginal delivery. […] Risk of postpartum haemorrhage (routinely insert an IV line).

• #50 Polyhydramnios in Pregnancy: Too Much Amniotic Fluid in the Third Trimester | Know Polyhydramnios

  https://polyhydramnios.org/learn-more-about-polyhydramnios/polyhydramnios-in-pregnancy/

  It is recommended by the NHS that an NG tube be passed before the baby’s first feeding to rule out blockages that could have been missed via ultrasound during pregnancy. […] Pediatric support should be made available to every baby affected by a Polyhydramnios pregnancy, even if there has not been an antenatal diagnosis of a genetic anomaly.

• #51 Polyhydramnios in Pregnancy: Too Much Amniotic Fluid in the Third Trimester | Know Polyhydramnios

  https://polyhydramnios.org/learn-more-about-polyhydramnios/polyhydramnios-in-pregnancy/

  It is recommended by the NHS that an NG tube be passed before the baby’s first feeding to rule out blockages that could have been missed via ultrasound during pregnancy. […] Pediatric support should be made available to every baby affected by a Polyhydramnios pregnancy, even if there has not been an antenatal diagnosis of a genetic anomaly.

• #52 Polyhydramnios in Pregnancy: Too Much Amniotic Fluid in the Third Trimester | Know Polyhydramnios

  https://polyhydramnios.org/learn-more-about-polyhydramnios/polyhydramnios-in-pregnancy/

  It is recommended by the NHS that an NG tube be passed before the baby’s first feeding to rule out blockages that could have been missed via ultrasound during pregnancy. […] Pediatric support should be made available to every baby affected by a Polyhydramnios pregnancy, even if there has not been an antenatal diagnosis of a genetic anomaly.

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