Hidradenitis suppurativa (trądzik odwrócony) – Rokowania, prognozy i postęp choroby

Hidradenitis suppurativa (trądzik odwrócony)
Rokowania, prognozy i postęp choroby

Hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) to przewlekła, nawracająca choroba zapalna jednostki włosowo-łojowo-apokrynowej, o częstości występowania około 1% w krajach rozwiniętych. Choroba charakteryzuje się zmiennym rokowaniem, zależnym od stadium według skali Hurleya (najgorsze rokowanie w stadium III), obecności fenotypu zapalnego oraz czynników ryzyka takich jak palenie tytoniu i otyłość. HS prowadzi do poważnych powikłań fizycznych, w tym zwiększonego ryzyka raka kolczystokomórkowego (SCC) – pacjenci mają 4,6-krotnie wyższe ryzyko rozwoju SCC, z 61% przypadków lokalizowanych w okolicy krocza lub pośladków, oraz 48% śmiertelnością w ciągu dwóch lat od diagnozy SCC. Dodatkowo obserwuje się zwiększone ryzyko innych nowotworów, przewlekły ból, przykurcze, obrzęk limfatyczny, niedokrwistość, amyloidozę oraz powikłania infekcyjne i strukturalne, takie jak przetoki czy zwężenia odbytu i cewki moczowej.

Wprowadzenie do Hidradenitis suppurativa (trądzik odwrócony)
Prognozy dla pacjentów z HS (przewidywanie wyników leczenia)

Czynniki wpływające na prognozę

Powikłania Hidradenitis suppurativa (trądzik odwrócony)

Powikłania fizyczne
Powikłania psychologiczne

Nowoczesne podejście do leczenia HS i jego wpływ na rokowanie
Perspektywy badań w obszarze HS
Podsumowanie prognoz dla pacjentów z HS

Kolejne rozdziały

Wprowadzenie do Hidradenitis suppurativa (trądzik odwrócony)

Hidradenitis suppurativa (HS), znana również jako trądzik odwrócony, jest przewlekłą, nawracającą chorobą zapalną jednostki włosowo-łojowo-apokrynowej, która ma znaczący wpływ na jakość życia pacjentów, pogarszając ich stan zdrowia i ograniczając relacje społeczne¹. Mimo stosunkowo wysokiej częstości występowania (około 1% w krajach rozwiniętych), choroba nadal pozostaje relatywnie mało znana wśród pracowników ochrony zdrowia, co prowadzi do opóźnionej diagnozy, niewłaściwego podejścia terapeutycznego i progresji choroby².

Prognozy dla pacjentów z HS (przewidywanie wyników leczenia)

Rokowanie w przypadku Hidradenitis suppurativa jest zmienne. Choroba jest nieuleczalna i ma przewlekły, nawracający przebieg³. Mimo to perspektywy dla pacjentów są zasadniczo dobre, ponieważ istnieje kilka dostępnych metod leczenia, które mogą pomóc osobom z HS, a eksperci testują również nowe potencjalne terapie⁴. Należy jednak pamiętać, że chociaż leczenie może kontrolować objawy i eliminować czyraki, istnieje możliwość, że mogą one powrócić⁵.

Czynniki wpływające na prognozę

Kilka kluczowych czynników może znacząco wpłynąć na rokowanie w przypadku Hidradenitis suppurativa:

Opóźnienia diagnostyczne i terapeutyczne we wczesnym stadium choroby⁶
Choroby współistniejące, takie jak palenie tytoniu i otyłość, które często pogarszają rokowanie⁷
Stadium choroby według skali Hurleya – choroba w stadium III według klasyfikacji Hurleya ma najgorsze rokowanie, jednak wczesne rozpoznanie może pomóc zapobiec powikłaniom⁸
Fenotyp zapalny choroby, który okazał się niezależnym czynnikiem ryzyka progresji choroby⁹

Powikłania Hidradenitis suppurativa (trądzik odwrócony)

Hidradenitis suppurativa może prowadzić do istotnych powikłań zarówno fizycznych, jak i psychologicznych, które znacząco wpływają na rokowanie pacjentów.

Powikłania fizyczne

Do najpoważniejszych powikłań fizycznych Hidradenitis suppurativa należą:

Rak kolczystokomórkowy (SCC) – HS może prowadzić do rozwoju SCC, z wyższym wskaźnikiem u mężczyzn niż u kobiet. Literatura sugeruje, że około 61% pacjentów z HS może mieć SCC w kroczu lub pośladkach, a 48% z tych pacjentów zmarło w ciągu dwóch lat po zdiagnozowaniu raka kolczystokomórkowego¹⁰. Prawdopodobnym czynnikiem w rozwoju SCC może być wirus brodawczaka ludzkiego¹¹. Pacjenci z HS mają 4,6 razy większe prawdopodobieństwo rozwoju skórnego raka kolczystokomórkowego¹².
Zwiększone ryzyko innych nowotworów – dane obserwacyjne sugerują zwiększone ryzyko raka jamy ustnej i raka wątrobowokomórkowego¹³. Wyniki badania retrospektywnego (n=200) wykazały, że pacjenci z HS mieli o 50% większe ryzyko wystąpienia nowotworów¹⁴.
Przewlekły ból, przykurcze kończyn i ograniczona ruchomość spowodowane ropniami, tunelami i bliznowaceniem¹⁵.
Obwodowy obrzęk limfatyczny wynikający z niedrożności limfatycznej¹⁶.
Skutki długotrwałego stanu zapalnego, w tym niedokrwistość, hiperproteinemia, amyloidoza oraz artropatia osiowa i obwodowa¹⁷.
Nadkażenia, które mogą prowadzić do choroby układowej¹⁸.
Inne powikłania: zwężenia odbytu i cewki moczowej, przetoki, ropień nadtwardówkowy lędźwiowo-krzyżowy i bakteryjne zapalenie kości i szpiku kości krzyżowej¹⁹.

Powikłania psychologiczne

Wpływ psychologiczny Hidradenitis suppurativa jest równie znaczący i obejmuje:

Depresja – pacjenci z HS często doświadczają objawów depresyjnych²⁰
Izolacja społeczna – prowadząca do ograniczenia kontaktów społecznych²¹
Zmniejszone zadowolenie z relacji – HS wpływa negatywnie na relacje międzyludzkie²²
Dysfunkcja seksualna – związana z bólem i dyskomfortem w intymnych obszarach ciała²³
Zmniejszona wydajność pracy – ograniczająca możliwości zawodowe pacjentów²⁴
W skrajnych przypadkach, myśli samobójcze – będące wynikiem długotrwałego cierpienia i poczucia beznadziei²⁵

Nowoczesne podejście do leczenia HS i jego wpływ na rokowanie

Zatwierdzenie adalimumabu do leczenia HS o nasileniu umiarkowanym do ciężkiego przez agencje regulacyjne oznaczało zmianę paradygmatu w postępowaniu z pacjentami z fenotypem zapalnym²⁶. To agresywne podejście we wczesnych stadiach choroby może stanowić zmianę paradygmatu w zarządzaniu tym schorzeniem, zapobiegając progresji do okaleczających form choroby, zmniejszając ryzyko sercowo-naczyniowe i poprawiając jakość życia pacjentów²⁷.

Perspektywy badań w obszarze HS

Ten ogólny przegląd literatury dostarcza kompleksowego przeglądu epidemiologii Hidradenitis suppurativa, w tym chorobowości, zapadalności, czynników ryzyka, powikłań, chorób współistniejących, rokowania i jakości życia²⁸. Wydaje się, że większość dowodów dotyczących epidemiologii pochodzi z krajów o wysokich dochodach, a literatura z krajów rozwijających się jest skąpa²⁹. Ponieważ choroba ta jest często nierozpoznawana, przyszłe badania powinny opierać się na rozpoznaniu klinicznym, a nie na samoocenie, aby uniknąć potencjalnego błędu wynikającego z nieprawidłowego przypominania sobie objawów przez pacjentów³⁰. Uwagę należy skierować na kraje rozwijające się, gdzie istnieje mniej danych na temat Hidradenitis suppurativa³¹.

Podsumowanie prognoz dla pacjentów z HS

Chociaż Hidradenitis suppurativa (trądzik odwrócony) jest chorobą przewlekłą i nieuleczalną, wczesne rozpoznanie i odpowiednie leczenie mogą znacząco poprawić rokowanie i jakość życia pacjentów³²³³. Kluczowe znaczenie ma świadomość czynników ryzyka i wczesnych objawów choroby wśród pracowników ochrony zdrowia, co może przyczynić się do szybszej diagnozy i wdrożenia odpowiedniego leczenia³⁴. Nowoczesne metody terapeutyczne, w tym leki biologiczne, oferują nadzieję na lepszą kontrolę objawów i zapobieganie powikłaniom, poprawiając tym samym długoterminowe rokowanie dla pacjentów z HS³⁵³⁶.

Kolejne rozdziały

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Materiały źródłowe

#1 Can We Improve Prognosis in Hidradenitis Suppurativa? Identifying Patients in the Window of Opportunity | Actas Dermo-SifiliogrÃ¡ficas
https://www.actasdermo.org/es-can-we-improve-prognosis-articulo-S0001731023009535
Hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) is a chronic immune-mediated inflammatory illness of the pilosebaceous-apocrine unit, that has a tremendous impact on the patients quality of life, deteriorating their health, and limiting their social relations. […] Despite of its high prevalence (nearly 1% in developed countries) HS still remains relatively unknown to numerous health professionals, leading to delayed diagnosis, incorrect therapeutic approaches, and disease progression. […] The approval of adalimumab to treat moderate-to-severe HS by regulatory agencies marked a paradigm shift in the management of patients with the inflammatory phenotype, which has proven to be an independent risk factor for disease progression. […] This aggressive approach in the early stages of the disease could represent a paradigm shift in the management of this condition, thus preventing progression to mutilating forms of the disease, reducing cardiovascular risk, and improving the patients quality of life.
#2 Can We Improve Prognosis in Hidradenitis Suppurativa? Identifying Patients in the Window of Opportunity | Actas Dermo-SifiliogrÃ¡ficas
https://www.actasdermo.org/es-can-we-improve-prognosis-articulo-S0001731023009535
Hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) is a chronic immune-mediated inflammatory illness of the pilosebaceous-apocrine unit, that has a tremendous impact on the patients quality of life, deteriorating their health, and limiting their social relations. […] Despite of its high prevalence (nearly 1% in developed countries) HS still remains relatively unknown to numerous health professionals, leading to delayed diagnosis, incorrect therapeutic approaches, and disease progression. […] The approval of adalimumab to treat moderate-to-severe HS by regulatory agencies marked a paradigm shift in the management of patients with the inflammatory phenotype, which has proven to be an independent risk factor for disease progression. […] This aggressive approach in the early stages of the disease could represent a paradigm shift in the management of this condition, thus preventing progression to mutilating forms of the disease, reducing cardiovascular risk, and improving the patients quality of life.
#3 Hidradenitis Suppurativa – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK534867/
The prognosis of hidradenitis suppurativa is variable. The condition is incurable and has a chronic, relapsing course. Diagnostic and treatment delays early in the disease course and comorbid conditions like smoking and obesity often worsen the prognosis. Hurley stage III disease has the worst prognosis, but early recognition can help prevent complications. […] Hidradenitis suppurativa has both physical and psychological complications. Hidradenitis suppurativa recurrence may result in chronic pain, limb contractures, and impaired mobility from abscesses, tunnels, and scarring. Lymphatic obstruction may cause peripheral lymphedema. Chronic inflammation’s long-term effects include anemia, hyperproteinemia, amyloidosis, and axial and peripheral arthropathy. Superimposed infections may result in systemic illness. Squamous cell carcinoma may develop, sometimes up to 30 years after diagnosis. […] Observational data suggests an increased risk of buccal and hepatocellular cancer. Hidradenitis suppurativa’s psychological impact includes depression, social isolation, decreased relationship satisfaction, sexual dysfunction, reduced work productivity, and in extreme cases, suicide.
#4 Hidradenitis Suppurativa (Acne Inversa): Symptoms & Treatments
https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/17716-hidradenitis-suppurativa
The outlook is good. There are several treatments currently available that can help people with hidradenitis suppurativa. Experts are also testing new potential treatments. […] Theres no cure for hidradenitis suppurativa. Its an ongoing skin condition with symptoms that may come and go for years. Treatments can manage symptoms and clear up boils. But theres still a chance they could come back.
#5 Hidradenitis Suppurativa (Acne Inversa): Symptoms & Treatments
https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/17716-hidradenitis-suppurativa
The outlook is good. There are several treatments currently available that can help people with hidradenitis suppurativa. Experts are also testing new potential treatments. […] Theres no cure for hidradenitis suppurativa. Its an ongoing skin condition with symptoms that may come and go for years. Treatments can manage symptoms and clear up boils. But theres still a chance they could come back.
#6 Hidradenitis Suppurativa – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK534867/
The prognosis of hidradenitis suppurativa is variable. The condition is incurable and has a chronic, relapsing course. Diagnostic and treatment delays early in the disease course and comorbid conditions like smoking and obesity often worsen the prognosis. Hurley stage III disease has the worst prognosis, but early recognition can help prevent complications. […] Hidradenitis suppurativa has both physical and psychological complications. Hidradenitis suppurativa recurrence may result in chronic pain, limb contractures, and impaired mobility from abscesses, tunnels, and scarring. Lymphatic obstruction may cause peripheral lymphedema. Chronic inflammation’s long-term effects include anemia, hyperproteinemia, amyloidosis, and axial and peripheral arthropathy. Superimposed infections may result in systemic illness. Squamous cell carcinoma may develop, sometimes up to 30 years after diagnosis. […] Observational data suggests an increased risk of buccal and hepatocellular cancer. Hidradenitis suppurativa’s psychological impact includes depression, social isolation, decreased relationship satisfaction, sexual dysfunction, reduced work productivity, and in extreme cases, suicide.
#7 Hidradenitis Suppurativa – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK534867/
The prognosis of hidradenitis suppurativa is variable. The condition is incurable and has a chronic, relapsing course. Diagnostic and treatment delays early in the disease course and comorbid conditions like smoking and obesity often worsen the prognosis. Hurley stage III disease has the worst prognosis, but early recognition can help prevent complications. […] Hidradenitis suppurativa has both physical and psychological complications. Hidradenitis suppurativa recurrence may result in chronic pain, limb contractures, and impaired mobility from abscesses, tunnels, and scarring. Lymphatic obstruction may cause peripheral lymphedema. Chronic inflammation’s long-term effects include anemia, hyperproteinemia, amyloidosis, and axial and peripheral arthropathy. Superimposed infections may result in systemic illness. Squamous cell carcinoma may develop, sometimes up to 30 years after diagnosis. […] Observational data suggests an increased risk of buccal and hepatocellular cancer. Hidradenitis suppurativa’s psychological impact includes depression, social isolation, decreased relationship satisfaction, sexual dysfunction, reduced work productivity, and in extreme cases, suicide.
#8 Hidradenitis Suppurativa – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK534867/
The prognosis of hidradenitis suppurativa is variable. The condition is incurable and has a chronic, relapsing course. Diagnostic and treatment delays early in the disease course and comorbid conditions like smoking and obesity often worsen the prognosis. Hurley stage III disease has the worst prognosis, but early recognition can help prevent complications. […] Hidradenitis suppurativa has both physical and psychological complications. Hidradenitis suppurativa recurrence may result in chronic pain, limb contractures, and impaired mobility from abscesses, tunnels, and scarring. Lymphatic obstruction may cause peripheral lymphedema. Chronic inflammation’s long-term effects include anemia, hyperproteinemia, amyloidosis, and axial and peripheral arthropathy. Superimposed infections may result in systemic illness. Squamous cell carcinoma may develop, sometimes up to 30 years after diagnosis. […] Observational data suggests an increased risk of buccal and hepatocellular cancer. Hidradenitis suppurativa’s psychological impact includes depression, social isolation, decreased relationship satisfaction, sexual dysfunction, reduced work productivity, and in extreme cases, suicide.
#9 Can We Improve Prognosis in Hidradenitis Suppurativa? Identifying Patients in the Window of Opportunity | Actas Dermo-SifiliogrÃ¡ficas
https://www.actasdermo.org/es-can-we-improve-prognosis-articulo-S0001731023009535
Hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) is a chronic immune-mediated inflammatory illness of the pilosebaceous-apocrine unit, that has a tremendous impact on the patients quality of life, deteriorating their health, and limiting their social relations. […] Despite of its high prevalence (nearly 1% in developed countries) HS still remains relatively unknown to numerous health professionals, leading to delayed diagnosis, incorrect therapeutic approaches, and disease progression. […] The approval of adalimumab to treat moderate-to-severe HS by regulatory agencies marked a paradigm shift in the management of patients with the inflammatory phenotype, which has proven to be an independent risk factor for disease progression. […] This aggressive approach in the early stages of the disease could represent a paradigm shift in the management of this condition, thus preventing progression to mutilating forms of the disease, reducing cardiovascular risk, and improving the patients quality of life.
#10 Incidence, Risk Factors, and Prognosis of Hidradenitis Suppurativa Across the Globe: Insights from the Literature
https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9987236/
Hidradenitis suppurativa can lead to substantial complications such as squamous cell carcinoma, with a higher ratio in males than females. The literature suggests that about 61% of patients with HS may have scc in the perineum or buttocks and 48% of these patients died within the duration of two years after being diagnosed with squamous cell carcinoma. The probable factor in the development of squamous cell carcinoma could be human papillomavirus. Additionally, HS can lead to anemia, anal and urethral strictures and fistulas, lumbosacral epidural abscess, and sacral bacterial osteomyelitis. The findings of a retrospective study (n=200) demonstrated that patients with Hidradenitis suppurativa had a 50% more risk of the incidence of malignancy. Also, these patients were 4.6 times more likely to develop cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma.
#11 Incidence, Risk Factors, and Prognosis of Hidradenitis Suppurativa Across the Globe: Insights from the Literature
https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9987236/
Hidradenitis suppurativa can lead to substantial complications such as squamous cell carcinoma, with a higher ratio in males than females. The literature suggests that about 61% of patients with HS may have scc in the perineum or buttocks and 48% of these patients died within the duration of two years after being diagnosed with squamous cell carcinoma. The probable factor in the development of squamous cell carcinoma could be human papillomavirus. Additionally, HS can lead to anemia, anal and urethral strictures and fistulas, lumbosacral epidural abscess, and sacral bacterial osteomyelitis. The findings of a retrospective study (n=200) demonstrated that patients with Hidradenitis suppurativa had a 50% more risk of the incidence of malignancy. Also, these patients were 4.6 times more likely to develop cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma.
#12 Incidence, Risk Factors, and Prognosis of Hidradenitis Suppurativa Across the Globe: Insights from the Literature
https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9987236/
Hidradenitis suppurativa can lead to substantial complications such as squamous cell carcinoma, with a higher ratio in males than females. The literature suggests that about 61% of patients with HS may have scc in the perineum or buttocks and 48% of these patients died within the duration of two years after being diagnosed with squamous cell carcinoma. The probable factor in the development of squamous cell carcinoma could be human papillomavirus. Additionally, HS can lead to anemia, anal and urethral strictures and fistulas, lumbosacral epidural abscess, and sacral bacterial osteomyelitis. The findings of a retrospective study (n=200) demonstrated that patients with Hidradenitis suppurativa had a 50% more risk of the incidence of malignancy. Also, these patients were 4.6 times more likely to develop cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma.
#13 Hidradenitis Suppurativa – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK534867/
The prognosis of hidradenitis suppurativa is variable. The condition is incurable and has a chronic, relapsing course. Diagnostic and treatment delays early in the disease course and comorbid conditions like smoking and obesity often worsen the prognosis. Hurley stage III disease has the worst prognosis, but early recognition can help prevent complications. […] Hidradenitis suppurativa has both physical and psychological complications. Hidradenitis suppurativa recurrence may result in chronic pain, limb contractures, and impaired mobility from abscesses, tunnels, and scarring. Lymphatic obstruction may cause peripheral lymphedema. Chronic inflammation’s long-term effects include anemia, hyperproteinemia, amyloidosis, and axial and peripheral arthropathy. Superimposed infections may result in systemic illness. Squamous cell carcinoma may develop, sometimes up to 30 years after diagnosis. […] Observational data suggests an increased risk of buccal and hepatocellular cancer. Hidradenitis suppurativa’s psychological impact includes depression, social isolation, decreased relationship satisfaction, sexual dysfunction, reduced work productivity, and in extreme cases, suicide.
#14 Incidence, Risk Factors, and Prognosis of Hidradenitis Suppurativa Across the Globe: Insights from the Literature
https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9987236/
Hidradenitis suppurativa can lead to substantial complications such as squamous cell carcinoma, with a higher ratio in males than females. The literature suggests that about 61% of patients with HS may have scc in the perineum or buttocks and 48% of these patients died within the duration of two years after being diagnosed with squamous cell carcinoma. The probable factor in the development of squamous cell carcinoma could be human papillomavirus. Additionally, HS can lead to anemia, anal and urethral strictures and fistulas, lumbosacral epidural abscess, and sacral bacterial osteomyelitis. The findings of a retrospective study (n=200) demonstrated that patients with Hidradenitis suppurativa had a 50% more risk of the incidence of malignancy. Also, these patients were 4.6 times more likely to develop cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma.
#15 Hidradenitis Suppurativa – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK534867/
The prognosis of hidradenitis suppurativa is variable. The condition is incurable and has a chronic, relapsing course. Diagnostic and treatment delays early in the disease course and comorbid conditions like smoking and obesity often worsen the prognosis. Hurley stage III disease has the worst prognosis, but early recognition can help prevent complications. […] Hidradenitis suppurativa has both physical and psychological complications. Hidradenitis suppurativa recurrence may result in chronic pain, limb contractures, and impaired mobility from abscesses, tunnels, and scarring. Lymphatic obstruction may cause peripheral lymphedema. Chronic inflammation’s long-term effects include anemia, hyperproteinemia, amyloidosis, and axial and peripheral arthropathy. Superimposed infections may result in systemic illness. Squamous cell carcinoma may develop, sometimes up to 30 years after diagnosis. […] Observational data suggests an increased risk of buccal and hepatocellular cancer. Hidradenitis suppurativa’s psychological impact includes depression, social isolation, decreased relationship satisfaction, sexual dysfunction, reduced work productivity, and in extreme cases, suicide.
#16 Hidradenitis Suppurativa – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK534867/
The prognosis of hidradenitis suppurativa is variable. The condition is incurable and has a chronic, relapsing course. Diagnostic and treatment delays early in the disease course and comorbid conditions like smoking and obesity often worsen the prognosis. Hurley stage III disease has the worst prognosis, but early recognition can help prevent complications. […] Hidradenitis suppurativa has both physical and psychological complications. Hidradenitis suppurativa recurrence may result in chronic pain, limb contractures, and impaired mobility from abscesses, tunnels, and scarring. Lymphatic obstruction may cause peripheral lymphedema. Chronic inflammation’s long-term effects include anemia, hyperproteinemia, amyloidosis, and axial and peripheral arthropathy. Superimposed infections may result in systemic illness. Squamous cell carcinoma may develop, sometimes up to 30 years after diagnosis. […] Observational data suggests an increased risk of buccal and hepatocellular cancer. Hidradenitis suppurativa’s psychological impact includes depression, social isolation, decreased relationship satisfaction, sexual dysfunction, reduced work productivity, and in extreme cases, suicide.
#17 Hidradenitis Suppurativa – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK534867/
The prognosis of hidradenitis suppurativa is variable. The condition is incurable and has a chronic, relapsing course. Diagnostic and treatment delays early in the disease course and comorbid conditions like smoking and obesity often worsen the prognosis. Hurley stage III disease has the worst prognosis, but early recognition can help prevent complications. […] Hidradenitis suppurativa has both physical and psychological complications. Hidradenitis suppurativa recurrence may result in chronic pain, limb contractures, and impaired mobility from abscesses, tunnels, and scarring. Lymphatic obstruction may cause peripheral lymphedema. Chronic inflammation’s long-term effects include anemia, hyperproteinemia, amyloidosis, and axial and peripheral arthropathy. Superimposed infections may result in systemic illness. Squamous cell carcinoma may develop, sometimes up to 30 years after diagnosis. […] Observational data suggests an increased risk of buccal and hepatocellular cancer. Hidradenitis suppurativa’s psychological impact includes depression, social isolation, decreased relationship satisfaction, sexual dysfunction, reduced work productivity, and in extreme cases, suicide.
#18 Hidradenitis Suppurativa – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK534867/
The prognosis of hidradenitis suppurativa is variable. The condition is incurable and has a chronic, relapsing course. Diagnostic and treatment delays early in the disease course and comorbid conditions like smoking and obesity often worsen the prognosis. Hurley stage III disease has the worst prognosis, but early recognition can help prevent complications. […] Hidradenitis suppurativa has both physical and psychological complications. Hidradenitis suppurativa recurrence may result in chronic pain, limb contractures, and impaired mobility from abscesses, tunnels, and scarring. Lymphatic obstruction may cause peripheral lymphedema. Chronic inflammation’s long-term effects include anemia, hyperproteinemia, amyloidosis, and axial and peripheral arthropathy. Superimposed infections may result in systemic illness. Squamous cell carcinoma may develop, sometimes up to 30 years after diagnosis. […] Observational data suggests an increased risk of buccal and hepatocellular cancer. Hidradenitis suppurativa’s psychological impact includes depression, social isolation, decreased relationship satisfaction, sexual dysfunction, reduced work productivity, and in extreme cases, suicide.
#19 Incidence, Risk Factors, and Prognosis of Hidradenitis Suppurativa Across the Globe: Insights from the Literature
https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9987236/
Hidradenitis suppurativa can lead to substantial complications such as squamous cell carcinoma, with a higher ratio in males than females. The literature suggests that about 61% of patients with HS may have scc in the perineum or buttocks and 48% of these patients died within the duration of two years after being diagnosed with squamous cell carcinoma. The probable factor in the development of squamous cell carcinoma could be human papillomavirus. Additionally, HS can lead to anemia, anal and urethral strictures and fistulas, lumbosacral epidural abscess, and sacral bacterial osteomyelitis. The findings of a retrospective study (n=200) demonstrated that patients with Hidradenitis suppurativa had a 50% more risk of the incidence of malignancy. Also, these patients were 4.6 times more likely to develop cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma.
#20 Hidradenitis Suppurativa – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK534867/
The prognosis of hidradenitis suppurativa is variable. The condition is incurable and has a chronic, relapsing course. Diagnostic and treatment delays early in the disease course and comorbid conditions like smoking and obesity often worsen the prognosis. Hurley stage III disease has the worst prognosis, but early recognition can help prevent complications. […] Hidradenitis suppurativa has both physical and psychological complications. Hidradenitis suppurativa recurrence may result in chronic pain, limb contractures, and impaired mobility from abscesses, tunnels, and scarring. Lymphatic obstruction may cause peripheral lymphedema. Chronic inflammation’s long-term effects include anemia, hyperproteinemia, amyloidosis, and axial and peripheral arthropathy. Superimposed infections may result in systemic illness. Squamous cell carcinoma may develop, sometimes up to 30 years after diagnosis. […] Observational data suggests an increased risk of buccal and hepatocellular cancer. Hidradenitis suppurativa’s psychological impact includes depression, social isolation, decreased relationship satisfaction, sexual dysfunction, reduced work productivity, and in extreme cases, suicide.
#21 Hidradenitis Suppurativa – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK534867/
The prognosis of hidradenitis suppurativa is variable. The condition is incurable and has a chronic, relapsing course. Diagnostic and treatment delays early in the disease course and comorbid conditions like smoking and obesity often worsen the prognosis. Hurley stage III disease has the worst prognosis, but early recognition can help prevent complications. […] Hidradenitis suppurativa has both physical and psychological complications. Hidradenitis suppurativa recurrence may result in chronic pain, limb contractures, and impaired mobility from abscesses, tunnels, and scarring. Lymphatic obstruction may cause peripheral lymphedema. Chronic inflammation’s long-term effects include anemia, hyperproteinemia, amyloidosis, and axial and peripheral arthropathy. Superimposed infections may result in systemic illness. Squamous cell carcinoma may develop, sometimes up to 30 years after diagnosis. […] Observational data suggests an increased risk of buccal and hepatocellular cancer. Hidradenitis suppurativa’s psychological impact includes depression, social isolation, decreased relationship satisfaction, sexual dysfunction, reduced work productivity, and in extreme cases, suicide.
#22 Hidradenitis Suppurativa – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK534867/
The prognosis of hidradenitis suppurativa is variable. The condition is incurable and has a chronic, relapsing course. Diagnostic and treatment delays early in the disease course and comorbid conditions like smoking and obesity often worsen the prognosis. Hurley stage III disease has the worst prognosis, but early recognition can help prevent complications. […] Hidradenitis suppurativa has both physical and psychological complications. Hidradenitis suppurativa recurrence may result in chronic pain, limb contractures, and impaired mobility from abscesses, tunnels, and scarring. Lymphatic obstruction may cause peripheral lymphedema. Chronic inflammation’s long-term effects include anemia, hyperproteinemia, amyloidosis, and axial and peripheral arthropathy. Superimposed infections may result in systemic illness. Squamous cell carcinoma may develop, sometimes up to 30 years after diagnosis. […] Observational data suggests an increased risk of buccal and hepatocellular cancer. Hidradenitis suppurativa’s psychological impact includes depression, social isolation, decreased relationship satisfaction, sexual dysfunction, reduced work productivity, and in extreme cases, suicide.
#23 Hidradenitis Suppurativa – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK534867/
The prognosis of hidradenitis suppurativa is variable. The condition is incurable and has a chronic, relapsing course. Diagnostic and treatment delays early in the disease course and comorbid conditions like smoking and obesity often worsen the prognosis. Hurley stage III disease has the worst prognosis, but early recognition can help prevent complications. […] Hidradenitis suppurativa has both physical and psychological complications. Hidradenitis suppurativa recurrence may result in chronic pain, limb contractures, and impaired mobility from abscesses, tunnels, and scarring. Lymphatic obstruction may cause peripheral lymphedema. Chronic inflammation’s long-term effects include anemia, hyperproteinemia, amyloidosis, and axial and peripheral arthropathy. Superimposed infections may result in systemic illness. Squamous cell carcinoma may develop, sometimes up to 30 years after diagnosis. […] Observational data suggests an increased risk of buccal and hepatocellular cancer. Hidradenitis suppurativa’s psychological impact includes depression, social isolation, decreased relationship satisfaction, sexual dysfunction, reduced work productivity, and in extreme cases, suicide.
#24 Hidradenitis Suppurativa – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK534867/
The prognosis of hidradenitis suppurativa is variable. The condition is incurable and has a chronic, relapsing course. Diagnostic and treatment delays early in the disease course and comorbid conditions like smoking and obesity often worsen the prognosis. Hurley stage III disease has the worst prognosis, but early recognition can help prevent complications. […] Hidradenitis suppurativa has both physical and psychological complications. Hidradenitis suppurativa recurrence may result in chronic pain, limb contractures, and impaired mobility from abscesses, tunnels, and scarring. Lymphatic obstruction may cause peripheral lymphedema. Chronic inflammation’s long-term effects include anemia, hyperproteinemia, amyloidosis, and axial and peripheral arthropathy. Superimposed infections may result in systemic illness. Squamous cell carcinoma may develop, sometimes up to 30 years after diagnosis. […] Observational data suggests an increased risk of buccal and hepatocellular cancer. Hidradenitis suppurativa’s psychological impact includes depression, social isolation, decreased relationship satisfaction, sexual dysfunction, reduced work productivity, and in extreme cases, suicide.
#25 Hidradenitis Suppurativa – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK534867/
The prognosis of hidradenitis suppurativa is variable. The condition is incurable and has a chronic, relapsing course. Diagnostic and treatment delays early in the disease course and comorbid conditions like smoking and obesity often worsen the prognosis. Hurley stage III disease has the worst prognosis, but early recognition can help prevent complications. […] Hidradenitis suppurativa has both physical and psychological complications. Hidradenitis suppurativa recurrence may result in chronic pain, limb contractures, and impaired mobility from abscesses, tunnels, and scarring. Lymphatic obstruction may cause peripheral lymphedema. Chronic inflammation’s long-term effects include anemia, hyperproteinemia, amyloidosis, and axial and peripheral arthropathy. Superimposed infections may result in systemic illness. Squamous cell carcinoma may develop, sometimes up to 30 years after diagnosis. […] Observational data suggests an increased risk of buccal and hepatocellular cancer. Hidradenitis suppurativa’s psychological impact includes depression, social isolation, decreased relationship satisfaction, sexual dysfunction, reduced work productivity, and in extreme cases, suicide.
#26 Can We Improve Prognosis in Hidradenitis Suppurativa? Identifying Patients in the Window of Opportunity | Actas Dermo-SifiliogrÃ¡ficas
https://www.actasdermo.org/es-can-we-improve-prognosis-articulo-S0001731023009535
Hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) is a chronic immune-mediated inflammatory illness of the pilosebaceous-apocrine unit, that has a tremendous impact on the patients quality of life, deteriorating their health, and limiting their social relations. […] Despite of its high prevalence (nearly 1% in developed countries) HS still remains relatively unknown to numerous health professionals, leading to delayed diagnosis, incorrect therapeutic approaches, and disease progression. […] The approval of adalimumab to treat moderate-to-severe HS by regulatory agencies marked a paradigm shift in the management of patients with the inflammatory phenotype, which has proven to be an independent risk factor for disease progression. […] This aggressive approach in the early stages of the disease could represent a paradigm shift in the management of this condition, thus preventing progression to mutilating forms of the disease, reducing cardiovascular risk, and improving the patients quality of life.
#27 Can We Improve Prognosis in Hidradenitis Suppurativa? Identifying Patients in the Window of Opportunity | Actas Dermo-SifiliogrÃ¡ficas
https://www.actasdermo.org/es-can-we-improve-prognosis-articulo-S0001731023009535
Hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) is a chronic immune-mediated inflammatory illness of the pilosebaceous-apocrine unit, that has a tremendous impact on the patients quality of life, deteriorating their health, and limiting their social relations. […] Despite of its high prevalence (nearly 1% in developed countries) HS still remains relatively unknown to numerous health professionals, leading to delayed diagnosis, incorrect therapeutic approaches, and disease progression. […] The approval of adalimumab to treat moderate-to-severe HS by regulatory agencies marked a paradigm shift in the management of patients with the inflammatory phenotype, which has proven to be an independent risk factor for disease progression. […] This aggressive approach in the early stages of the disease could represent a paradigm shift in the management of this condition, thus preventing progression to mutilating forms of the disease, reducing cardiovascular risk, and improving the patients quality of life.
#28 Incidence, Risk Factors, and Prognosis of Hidradenitis Suppurativa Across the Globe: Insights from the Literature
https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9987236/
This general literature review provides a comprehensive overview of the epidemiology of Hidradenitis suppurativa, including prevalence, incidence, risk factors, complications, associated comorbid, prognosis, and quality of life. It seems that most of the evidence on epidemiology is from high-income countries, and there is a paucity of literature from developing countries. Since the disease tends to be under recognized, future studies should rely on clinical diagnosis rather than self-reporting to avoid the potential of recall bias. Attention needs to be diverted to developing countries with less amount of data on Hidradenitis suppurativa.
#29 Incidence, Risk Factors, and Prognosis of Hidradenitis Suppurativa Across the Globe: Insights from the Literature
https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9987236/
This general literature review provides a comprehensive overview of the epidemiology of Hidradenitis suppurativa, including prevalence, incidence, risk factors, complications, associated comorbid, prognosis, and quality of life. It seems that most of the evidence on epidemiology is from high-income countries, and there is a paucity of literature from developing countries. Since the disease tends to be under recognized, future studies should rely on clinical diagnosis rather than self-reporting to avoid the potential of recall bias. Attention needs to be diverted to developing countries with less amount of data on Hidradenitis suppurativa.
#30 Incidence, Risk Factors, and Prognosis of Hidradenitis Suppurativa Across the Globe: Insights from the Literature
https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9987236/
This general literature review provides a comprehensive overview of the epidemiology of Hidradenitis suppurativa, including prevalence, incidence, risk factors, complications, associated comorbid, prognosis, and quality of life. It seems that most of the evidence on epidemiology is from high-income countries, and there is a paucity of literature from developing countries. Since the disease tends to be under recognized, future studies should rely on clinical diagnosis rather than self-reporting to avoid the potential of recall bias. Attention needs to be diverted to developing countries with less amount of data on Hidradenitis suppurativa.
#31 Incidence, Risk Factors, and Prognosis of Hidradenitis Suppurativa Across the Globe: Insights from the Literature
https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9987236/
This general literature review provides a comprehensive overview of the epidemiology of Hidradenitis suppurativa, including prevalence, incidence, risk factors, complications, associated comorbid, prognosis, and quality of life. It seems that most of the evidence on epidemiology is from high-income countries, and there is a paucity of literature from developing countries. Since the disease tends to be under recognized, future studies should rely on clinical diagnosis rather than self-reporting to avoid the potential of recall bias. Attention needs to be diverted to developing countries with less amount of data on Hidradenitis suppurativa.
#32 Hidradenitis Suppurativa – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK534867/
The prognosis of hidradenitis suppurativa is variable. The condition is incurable and has a chronic, relapsing course. Diagnostic and treatment delays early in the disease course and comorbid conditions like smoking and obesity often worsen the prognosis. Hurley stage III disease has the worst prognosis, but early recognition can help prevent complications. […] Hidradenitis suppurativa has both physical and psychological complications. Hidradenitis suppurativa recurrence may result in chronic pain, limb contractures, and impaired mobility from abscesses, tunnels, and scarring. Lymphatic obstruction may cause peripheral lymphedema. Chronic inflammation’s long-term effects include anemia, hyperproteinemia, amyloidosis, and axial and peripheral arthropathy. Superimposed infections may result in systemic illness. Squamous cell carcinoma may develop, sometimes up to 30 years after diagnosis. […] Observational data suggests an increased risk of buccal and hepatocellular cancer. Hidradenitis suppurativa’s psychological impact includes depression, social isolation, decreased relationship satisfaction, sexual dysfunction, reduced work productivity, and in extreme cases, suicide.
#33 Can We Improve Prognosis in Hidradenitis Suppurativa? Identifying Patients in the Window of Opportunity | Actas Dermo-SifiliogrÃ¡ficas
https://www.actasdermo.org/es-can-we-improve-prognosis-articulo-S0001731023009535
Hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) is a chronic immune-mediated inflammatory illness of the pilosebaceous-apocrine unit, that has a tremendous impact on the patients quality of life, deteriorating their health, and limiting their social relations. […] Despite of its high prevalence (nearly 1% in developed countries) HS still remains relatively unknown to numerous health professionals, leading to delayed diagnosis, incorrect therapeutic approaches, and disease progression. […] The approval of adalimumab to treat moderate-to-severe HS by regulatory agencies marked a paradigm shift in the management of patients with the inflammatory phenotype, which has proven to be an independent risk factor for disease progression. […] This aggressive approach in the early stages of the disease could represent a paradigm shift in the management of this condition, thus preventing progression to mutilating forms of the disease, reducing cardiovascular risk, and improving the patients quality of life.
#34 Can We Improve Prognosis in Hidradenitis Suppurativa? Identifying Patients in the Window of Opportunity | Actas Dermo-SifiliogrÃ¡ficas
https://www.actasdermo.org/es-can-we-improve-prognosis-articulo-S0001731023009535
Hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) is a chronic immune-mediated inflammatory illness of the pilosebaceous-apocrine unit, that has a tremendous impact on the patients quality of life, deteriorating their health, and limiting their social relations. […] Despite of its high prevalence (nearly 1% in developed countries) HS still remains relatively unknown to numerous health professionals, leading to delayed diagnosis, incorrect therapeutic approaches, and disease progression. […] The approval of adalimumab to treat moderate-to-severe HS by regulatory agencies marked a paradigm shift in the management of patients with the inflammatory phenotype, which has proven to be an independent risk factor for disease progression. […] This aggressive approach in the early stages of the disease could represent a paradigm shift in the management of this condition, thus preventing progression to mutilating forms of the disease, reducing cardiovascular risk, and improving the patients quality of life.
#35 Can We Improve Prognosis in Hidradenitis Suppurativa? Identifying Patients in the Window of Opportunity | Actas Dermo-SifiliogrÃ¡ficas
https://www.actasdermo.org/es-can-we-improve-prognosis-articulo-S0001731023009535
Hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) is a chronic immune-mediated inflammatory illness of the pilosebaceous-apocrine unit, that has a tremendous impact on the patients quality of life, deteriorating their health, and limiting their social relations. […] Despite of its high prevalence (nearly 1% in developed countries) HS still remains relatively unknown to numerous health professionals, leading to delayed diagnosis, incorrect therapeutic approaches, and disease progression. […] The approval of adalimumab to treat moderate-to-severe HS by regulatory agencies marked a paradigm shift in the management of patients with the inflammatory phenotype, which has proven to be an independent risk factor for disease progression. […] This aggressive approach in the early stages of the disease could represent a paradigm shift in the management of this condition, thus preventing progression to mutilating forms of the disease, reducing cardiovascular risk, and improving the patients quality of life.
#36 Hidradenitis Suppurativa (Acne Inversa): Symptoms & Treatments
https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/17716-hidradenitis-suppurativa
The outlook is good. There are several treatments currently available that can help people with hidradenitis suppurativa. Experts are also testing new potential treatments. […] Theres no cure for hidradenitis suppurativa. Its an ongoing skin condition with symptoms that may come and go for years. Treatments can manage symptoms and clear up boils. But theres still a chance they could come back.