Materiały źródłowe

• #1 Modifiable risk factors for the prevention of bladder cancer: a systematic review of meta-analyses

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5010611/

  Each year, 430,000 people are diagnosed with bladder cancer. Due to the high recurrence rate of the disease, primary prevention is paramount. […] Therefore, we reviewed all meta-analyses on modifiable risk factors of primary bladder cancer. […] Modification of lifestyle and occupational exposures can considerably reduce the bladder cancer burden. While smoking remains one of the key risk factors, also several diet-related and occupational factors are very relevant. […] Prioritising control measures should be evidence-based. To this end, an accessible and comprehensive overview is needed of the modifiable risk factors in the development of bladder cancer, including estimates of public health impact. […] The combined probability of causation was 81.8 %. […] The four highest POCs are found among the smoking estimates: 68 % of the bladder cancer incidence among cigarette smokers, 57 % among cigar smokers, 47 % among pipe smokers and 45 % among former cigarette smokers can be attributed to this habit. […] The calculated POCs show that by adopting the right lifestyle, while considering harmful environmental and occupational exposures, a large proportion of the burden of bladder cancer could be prevented.

• #2 What is Bladder Cancer? Symptoms, Risk Factors & Treatments | MD Anderson Cancer Center

  https://www.mdanderson.org/cancer-types/bladder-cancer.html

  Bladder cancer has a high rate of recurrence, estimated at 50% to 80%. Doctors believe this is because the conditions that can lead to bladder cancer impact the entire organ, not just a single spot. […] We offer early detection and chemoprevention for those at high risk of developing bladder cancer. […] MD Anderson surgeons are among the most experienced in the nation in bladder cancer procedures. This can make a crucial difference in your chances for successful treatment and recovery. […] We are particularly experienced in the management of high-risk, complex bladder cancer cases, especially those that have returned after treatment. […] Many cancers can be prevented with lifestyle changes and regular screening.

• #3

  https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10654-016-0138-6

  Each year, 430,000 people are diagnosed with bladder cancer. Due to the high recurrence rate of the disease, primary prevention is paramount. Therefore, we reviewed all meta-analyses on modifiable risk factors of primary bladder cancer. […] Modification of lifestyle and occupational exposures can considerably reduce the bladder cancer burden. While smoking remains one of the key risk factors, also several diet-related and occupational factors are very relevant. […] Therefore, primary prevention is paramount, particularly because many of the risk factors are modifiable and therefore preventable. […] The combined POC showed that up to 81.8 % of the bladder cancer cases, among those with non-optimal lifestyle behaviours, could be prevented through lifestyle modifications. […] In conclusion, the burden of bladder cancer could be significantly reduced through modification of lifestyle, environment, and occupational exposures. In fact, having numerous modifiable risk factors, among which multiple with a substantial RR, makes bladder cancer one of the most preventable diseases.

• #4 Can Bladder Cancer Be Prevented? | American Cancer Society

  https://www.cancer.org/cancer/types/bladder-cancer/causes-risks-prevention/prevention.html

  There is no sure way to prevent bladder cancer. Some risk factors, like your age and family history, cant be controlled. But there might be things you can do that could help lower your risk. […] Dont smoke […] Limit exposure to certain chemicals in the workplace […] Drink plenty of liquids […] Limit arsenic intake […] Eat plenty of fruits and vegetables […] Smoking is thought to cause about half of all bladder cancers. […] Workers in industries that use certain chemicals have a higher risk of bladder cancer. […] Some research suggests that drinking a lot of fluids, mainly water, might lower a persons risk of bladder cancer. […] Arsenic in drinking water has been linked with a higher risk of bladder cancer in some parts of the world. […] Some studies have suggested that a diet high in fruits and vegetables might help protect against bladder cancer, but other studies have not found this. […] Studies to date have not found that taking vitamins or other dietary supplements can help prevent bladder cancer.

• #5

  https://journals.lww.com/eurjcancerprev/fulltext/2001/02000/epidemiology_and_prevention_of_bladder_cancer.2.aspx

  Cigarette smoking is the major identified cause of bladder cancer. The proportion of cases attributable to tobacco was about 80% in men and 30% in women in a study in Great Britain […] Clearly, reducing cigarette smoking is an imperative for prevention of bladder cancer. […] Occupational exposure to aromatic amines and other chemicals has been estimated to cause 5-10% of bladder cancers in Great Britain and North America. In several developed countries, the control of occupational exposure to bladder carcinogens has probably led to a substantial decrease of the proportion of cases of bladder cancer due to occupational factors, and this reduction may become even more evident in the next decades, when the effects of exposure that occurred decades ago will affect incidence rates to a smaller degree.

• #6 Bladder Cancer | Cancer Screening and Prevention | Health & Senior Services

  https://health.mo.gov/living/healthcondiseases/chronic/cancer/bladder-cancer.php

  There is no sure way to prevent bladder cancer. Some risk factors for bladder cancer like age, race, family history, and gender cannot be controlled. However, there are ways to reduce overall bladder cancer risk. […] The most common risk factor for bladder cancer is cigarette smoking. Smoking cigars and pipes can also raise the risk of developing bladder cancer. According to the American Society of Clinical Oncology, smokers are four to seven times more likely to develop bladder cancer than nonsmokers. […] Chemicals used in the textile, rubber, leather, dye, paint, and print industries; some naturally occurring chemicals; and chemicals called aromatic amines can increase the risk of bladder cancer. Limiting exposure to these chemicals in the workplace can reduce bladder cancer risk.

• #7 Risk Factors and Prevention Strategies for Bladder Cancer

  https://www.greaterbostonurology.com/blog/risk-factors-and-prevention-strategies-for-bladder-cancer

  Certain bladder cancer risks cannot be changed. The American Cancer Society’s website provides more detail, but I’ll provide an overview below. […] Smoking is one of the most significant risk factors. According to the American Cancer Society, people who smoke are three times as likely to develop bladder cancer. […] Lastly, not drinking enough water has been linked to a risk of developing bladder cancer. People who consume adequate amounts of water each day tend to have a lower bladder cancer rate than those who don’t consume enough H20. […] No official diet has been recommended to prevent bladder cancer. However, in 2019, the NIH reviewed 13 studies and found „evidence that adherence to the Mediterranean diet was associated with reduced risk of developing bladder cancer, suggesting a positive effect of the diet as a whole and not just one component.” […] Smoking cessation and staying well hydrated are the two main components of lowering one’s risk of developing bladder cancer. So I always tell my patients that the best two things they can do to help lower their risk are to drink lots of water and quit smoking.

• #8 Modifiable risk factors for the prevention of bladder cancer: a systematic review of meta-analyses

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5010611/

  Each year, 430,000 people are diagnosed with bladder cancer. Due to the high recurrence rate of the disease, primary prevention is paramount. […] Therefore, we reviewed all meta-analyses on modifiable risk factors of primary bladder cancer. […] Modification of lifestyle and occupational exposures can considerably reduce the bladder cancer burden. While smoking remains one of the key risk factors, also several diet-related and occupational factors are very relevant. […] Prioritising control measures should be evidence-based. To this end, an accessible and comprehensive overview is needed of the modifiable risk factors in the development of bladder cancer, including estimates of public health impact. […] The combined probability of causation was 81.8 %. […] The four highest POCs are found among the smoking estimates: 68 % of the bladder cancer incidence among cigarette smokers, 57 % among cigar smokers, 47 % among pipe smokers and 45 % among former cigarette smokers can be attributed to this habit. […] The calculated POCs show that by adopting the right lifestyle, while considering harmful environmental and occupational exposures, a large proportion of the burden of bladder cancer could be prevented.

• #9 Bladder Cancer Causes and Risk Factors | Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center

  https://www.mskcc.org/cancer-care/types/bladder/bladder-prevention-risk-factors

  Anyone can get bladder cancer. A risk factor is anything that increases your chance of getting a disease, such as cancer. The main risk factors include smoking, exposure to certain chemicals, and having a family history of the disease. […] Tobacco use is the main risk factor for bladder cancer. Your risk gets higher the more you smoke, and the longer you smoke. The best way to lower your risk is to avoid smoking, or quit. […] People who quit smoking have a lower risk for bladder cancer than smokers. Your risk keeps falling the longer you stop smoking. […] If you keep smoking, it can harm your health and how well your bladder cancer treatment works. […] Jobs in some industries use chemicals called aromatic amines that may raise your risk. These chemicals are most common in the textile, dye, rubber, leather, paint, and printing industries.

• #10 Lifestyle and Nutritional Modifiable Factors in the Prevention and Treatment of Bladder Cancer

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC6200660/

  Overall, there is no conclusive evidence to support or dispute the notion of potential beneficial roles of dietary factors in bladder cancer prevention and survival. […] Physical activity may protect against bladder cancer. […] Two recently published studies, one a meta-analysis and the other a pooled analysis, reported statistically significant decreased risks of bladder cancer associated with physical activity. […] Tobacco smoking has long been recognized as perhaps the single most important behavioral/lifestyle risk factor associated with the development of bladder cancer, and nearly half of all bladder cancer cases in the U.S. are attributable to smoking. […] Current and former smokers diagnosed with NMIBC exhibit increased recurrence and progression rates than never smokers, perhaps as a function of their total cumulative exposure.

• #11

  https://winshipcancer.emory.edu/cancer-types-and-treatments/bladder-cancer/prevention.php

  Smoking is the primary cause of bladder cancer, which means protecting yourself and preventing bladder cancer could be as easy as quitting. […] At least half of all bladder cancers are preventable, which means its possible to reduce your risk by making lifestyle changes. Follow these bladder cancer prevention guidelines: […] Quit all forms of smoking, including cigarettes, e-cigarettes, cigars and pipes. […] Drink plenty of liquids each day, especially water.

• #12 Bladder Cancer Causes and Risk Factors | Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center

  https://www.mskcc.org/cancer-care/types/bladder/bladder-prevention-risk-factors

  Anyone can get bladder cancer. A risk factor is anything that increases your chance of getting a disease, such as cancer. The main risk factors include smoking, exposure to certain chemicals, and having a family history of the disease. […] Tobacco use is the main risk factor for bladder cancer. Your risk gets higher the more you smoke, and the longer you smoke. The best way to lower your risk is to avoid smoking, or quit. […] People who quit smoking have a lower risk for bladder cancer than smokers. Your risk keeps falling the longer you stop smoking. […] If you keep smoking, it can harm your health and how well your bladder cancer treatment works. […] Jobs in some industries use chemicals called aromatic amines that may raise your risk. These chemicals are most common in the textile, dye, rubber, leather, paint, and printing industries.

• #13 Bladder Cancer: Symptoms, Causes & Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/14326-bladder-cancer

  You may not be able to prevent bladder cancer, but it may be helpful to know the risk factors that may increase the chance you’ll develop bladder cancer. Bladder cancer risk factors may include: […] Cigarette smoking more than doubles the risk of developing bladder cancer. Smoking pipes and cigars or being exposed to secondhand smoke also increases that risk. […] Radiation therapy is the second-most common risk factor. People who have certain chemotherapy drugs may also develop an increased risk of bladder cancer. […] People who work with chemicals, such as aromatic amines (chemicals used in dyes), are at an increased risk. Extensive exposure to rubber, leather, some textiles, paint and hairdressing supplies, typically related to occupational exposure, also appears to increase the risk. […] People who have frequent bladder infections, bladder stones or other urinary tract diseases may have an increased risk of developing bladder cancer. […] People with a previous bladder cancer are at increased risk to form new or recurrent bladder tumors.

• #14

  https://journals.lww.com/eurjcancerprev/fulltext/2001/02000/epidemiology_and_prevention_of_bladder_cancer.2.aspx

  Cigarette smoking is the major identified cause of bladder cancer. The proportion of cases attributable to tobacco was about 80% in men and 30% in women in a study in Great Britain […] Clearly, reducing cigarette smoking is an imperative for prevention of bladder cancer. […] Occupational exposure to aromatic amines and other chemicals has been estimated to cause 5-10% of bladder cancers in Great Britain and North America. In several developed countries, the control of occupational exposure to bladder carcinogens has probably led to a substantial decrease of the proportion of cases of bladder cancer due to occupational factors, and this reduction may become even more evident in the next decades, when the effects of exposure that occurred decades ago will affect incidence rates to a smaller degree.

• #15 Bladder Cancer: Causes, Risk Factors, and Prevention Strategies | Comprehensive Cancer Centers

  https://cccnevada.com/bladder-cancer-causes-risk-factors-and-prevention-strategies/

  Bladder cancer represents a significant health concern for the physicians at Comprehensive Cancer Centers, with thousands of individuals diagnosed each year worldwide. May is Bladder Cancer Awareness Month, providing a good time to learn more about the disease, along with ways to reduce its risk factors. […] While certain risk factors, such as age, gender, and genetic predisposition, are non-modifiable, there are several strategies individuals can adopt to reduce their risk of developing the disease: […] The most effective way to reduce risks is to abstain from smoking and avoid exposure to secondhand smoke. For individuals who currently smoke, quitting smoking is associated with a significant decrease in risk over time. […] Workers in high-risk industries should adhere to strict workplace safety guidelines and use appropriate protective equipment to minimize exposure to chemicals and toxins.

• #16 Bladder cancer – Symptoms and causes – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/bladder-cancer/symptoms-causes/syc-20356104

  Although there’s no guaranteed way to prevent bladder cancer, you can take steps to help reduce your risk. For instance: […] Don’t smoke. If you don’t smoke, don’t start. If you smoke, talk to your doctor about a plan to help you stop. Support groups, medications and other methods may help you quit. […] Take caution around chemicals. If you work with chemicals, follow all safety instructions to avoid exposure. […] Choose a variety of fruits and vegetables. Choose a diet rich in a variety of colorful fruits and vegetables. The antioxidants in fruits and vegetables may help reduce your risk of cancer.

• #17

  https://journals.lww.com/eurjcancerprev/fulltext/2001/02000/epidemiology_and_prevention_of_bladder_cancer.2.aspx

  Cigarette smoking is the major identified cause of bladder cancer. The proportion of cases attributable to tobacco was about 80% in men and 30% in women in a study in Great Britain […] Clearly, reducing cigarette smoking is an imperative for prevention of bladder cancer. […] Occupational exposure to aromatic amines and other chemicals has been estimated to cause 5-10% of bladder cancers in Great Britain and North America. In several developed countries, the control of occupational exposure to bladder carcinogens has probably led to a substantial decrease of the proportion of cases of bladder cancer due to occupational factors, and this reduction may become even more evident in the next decades, when the effects of exposure that occurred decades ago will affect incidence rates to a smaller degree.

• #18 Can Bladder Cancer Be Prevented? | American Cancer Society

  https://www.cancer.org/cancer/types/bladder-cancer/causes-risks-prevention/prevention.html

  There is no sure way to prevent bladder cancer. Some risk factors, like your age and family history, cant be controlled. But there might be things you can do that could help lower your risk. […] Dont smoke […] Limit exposure to certain chemicals in the workplace […] Drink plenty of liquids […] Limit arsenic intake […] Eat plenty of fruits and vegetables […] Smoking is thought to cause about half of all bladder cancers. […] Workers in industries that use certain chemicals have a higher risk of bladder cancer. […] Some research suggests that drinking a lot of fluids, mainly water, might lower a persons risk of bladder cancer. […] Arsenic in drinking water has been linked with a higher risk of bladder cancer in some parts of the world. […] Some studies have suggested that a diet high in fruits and vegetables might help protect against bladder cancer, but other studies have not found this. […] Studies to date have not found that taking vitamins or other dietary supplements can help prevent bladder cancer.

• #19 Lifestyle and Nutritional Modifiable Factors in the Prevention and Treatment of Bladder Cancer

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC6200660/

  Bladder cancer is one of the top five most common cancers diagnosed in the U.S. […] While cigarette smoking and occupational exposures have been firmly established as risk factors, it is less certain whether modifiable lifestyle factors such as diet and physical activity play roles in bladder cancer etiology and prognosis. […] Dietary behaviors may reduce exposure to known bladder cancer carcinogens and/or block the carcinogenic process, subsequently preventing or delaying bladder cancer occurrence. […] Total fluid intake is expected to affect urine output and frequency of voiding, therefore modifying urinary concentrations of carcinogens and altering duration of carcinogen exposure to the bladder epithelium. […] Vegetables and fruits contain many micronutrients and phytochemicals, which may block or suppress carcinogenesis to modify cancer risk.

• #20 Bladder Cancer: Causes, Risk Factors, and Prevention Strategies | Comprehensive Cancer Centers

  https://cccnevada.com/bladder-cancer-causes-risk-factors-and-prevention-strategies/

  Drinking adequate fluids, particularly water, helps dilute urine and reduces the concentration of potentially harmful substances. Maintaining proper hydration supports overall urinary tract health and reduces risks of urinary tract infections, which can increase bladder cancer risk. […] A balanced diet rich in fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and lean proteins can provide essential nutrients and antioxidants supporting overall health. This may reduce the risk of bladder cancer, as does limiting intake of processed meats, saturated fats, and refined sugars. Incorporating foods high in vitamin C, beta-carotene, and other phytochemicals may help bolster natural defenses against carcinogens. […] Obesity has been linked to an increased risk of bladder cancer. Maintaining healthy weight through regular physical activity and diet can reduce risk of cancer.

• #21 Bladder Cancer Risk Factors | How Do You Get Bladder Cancer? | American Cancer Society

  https://www.cancer.org/cancer/types/bladder-cancer/causes-risks-prevention/risk-factors.html

  Many risk factors make a person more likely to develop bladder cancer. […] It’s important to know about the risk factors for bladder cancer because there may be things you can do that might lower your risk of getting it. […] Smoking is a major risk factor for bladder cancer. […] Certain industrial chemicals have been linked with bladder cancer. […] Some research has suggested that the use of the diabetes medicine pioglitazone might be linked with an increased risk of bladder cancer. […] Arsenic in drinking water has been linked with a higher risk of bladder cancer in some parts of the world. […] People who drink a lot of fluids each day tend to have lower rates of bladder cancer. […] The risk of bladder cancer increases with age. […] Bladder cancer is more common in men than in women.

• #22 Managing Life After Bladder Cancer | Cxbladder

  https://www.cxbladder.com/us/blog/managing-life-after-bladder-cancer/

  Quit smoking: According to the American Cancer Society, smoking is thought to be the cause of about half of all bladder cancers. Although quitting can be tough, it’ll help you feel healthier overall and less anxious about cancer. If you need assistance, speak with your doctor about medications or other options to help you quit. […] Stay hydrated: Drinking lots of fluids, particularly water, may lower your risk of developing bladder cancer. Try to drink six to eight glasses of water a day. […] Get your fruits and veggies: A diet high in fruits and vegetables may help keep your bladder healthy. A nutrient-rich diet also lowers the risk of developing other types of cancers. Aim to have at least five servings of fruits and vegetables every day, and also eat whole grains several times a day.

• #23 Is Bladder Cancer Hereditary? | Cxbladder

  https://www.cxbladder.com/us/blog/is-bladder-cancer-hereditary/

  Though you cant affect risk factors like your age, ethnicity and gender; you can control elements of your lifestyle. Here are some tips to reduce your risk. […] One of the best things you can do to prevent bladder cancer is to quit smoking. While doing so can be a challenge, especially if you’ve smoked for decades, there are plenty of available resources to help you kick the habit for good. […] A nutritious diet filled with fruits, vegetables and whole grains can help your cells repair themselves and lower your risk of various forms of cancer. Avoid eating processed meats such as hot dogs and bacon, which may increase the risk of bladder cancer. […] The average adult male should drink at least 15 cups of water a day, while a woman should have 11. […] If your job requires working around or with harmful chemicals, make sure to follow all safety precautions to reduce your exposure as much as possible.

• #24 Bladder Cancer: Causes, Risk Factors, and Prevention Strategies | Comprehensive Cancer Centers

  https://cccnevada.com/bladder-cancer-causes-risk-factors-and-prevention-strategies/

  Drinking adequate fluids, particularly water, helps dilute urine and reduces the concentration of potentially harmful substances. Maintaining proper hydration supports overall urinary tract health and reduces risks of urinary tract infections, which can increase bladder cancer risk. […] A balanced diet rich in fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and lean proteins can provide essential nutrients and antioxidants supporting overall health. This may reduce the risk of bladder cancer, as does limiting intake of processed meats, saturated fats, and refined sugars. Incorporating foods high in vitamin C, beta-carotene, and other phytochemicals may help bolster natural defenses against carcinogens. […] Obesity has been linked to an increased risk of bladder cancer. Maintaining healthy weight through regular physical activity and diet can reduce risk of cancer.

• #25 Lifestyle and Nutritional Modifiable Factors in the Prevention and Treatment of Bladder Cancer

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC6200660/

  Bladder cancer is one of the top five most common cancers diagnosed in the U.S. […] While cigarette smoking and occupational exposures have been firmly established as risk factors, it is less certain whether modifiable lifestyle factors such as diet and physical activity play roles in bladder cancer etiology and prognosis. […] Dietary behaviors may reduce exposure to known bladder cancer carcinogens and/or block the carcinogenic process, subsequently preventing or delaying bladder cancer occurrence. […] Total fluid intake is expected to affect urine output and frequency of voiding, therefore modifying urinary concentrations of carcinogens and altering duration of carcinogen exposure to the bladder epithelium. […] Vegetables and fruits contain many micronutrients and phytochemicals, which may block or suppress carcinogenesis to modify cancer risk.

• #26 Chemoprevention of urothelial carcinoma of the bladder – UpToDate

  https://www.uptodate.com/contents/chemoprevention-of-urothelial-carcinoma-of-the-bladder

  Urothelial carcinoma of the bladder is a common malignancy of the urinary tract. Most cases of urothelial carcinoma of the bladder can be attributed to smoking and occupational and environmental carcinogen exposures, which cause diffuse changes in the urothelium and eventually result in bladder cancer. The identification of these risk factors provides an opportunity to minimize the incidence of bladder cancer through smoking cessation programs and decreasing exposure to workplace carcinogens […] Other potentially useful approaches include increasing cruciferous vegetable and fluid intake, decreasing dietary fat, and losing weight. Epidemiologic data suggesting that an increased intake of cruciferous vegetables (eg, cabbage, broccoli, and mustard) is associated with a reduced incidence of bladder cancer appear promising, and this is an active area of research.

• #27 Risk Factors and Prevention Strategies for Bladder Cancer

  https://www.greaterbostonurology.com/blog/risk-factors-and-prevention-strategies-for-bladder-cancer

  Certain bladder cancer risks cannot be changed. The American Cancer Society’s website provides more detail, but I’ll provide an overview below. […] Smoking is one of the most significant risk factors. According to the American Cancer Society, people who smoke are three times as likely to develop bladder cancer. […] Lastly, not drinking enough water has been linked to a risk of developing bladder cancer. People who consume adequate amounts of water each day tend to have a lower bladder cancer rate than those who don’t consume enough H20. […] No official diet has been recommended to prevent bladder cancer. However, in 2019, the NIH reviewed 13 studies and found „evidence that adherence to the Mediterranean diet was associated with reduced risk of developing bladder cancer, suggesting a positive effect of the diet as a whole and not just one component.” […] Smoking cessation and staying well hydrated are the two main components of lowering one’s risk of developing bladder cancer. So I always tell my patients that the best two things they can do to help lower their risk are to drink lots of water and quit smoking.

• #28 Bladder Cancer Diet: Foods to Avoid, Nutrition, and More

  https://www.healthline.com/health/bladder-cancer/bladder-cancer-diet-and-nutrition

  While there is no specific diet for bladder cancer, consuming a variety of nutritious foods like fruits, vegetables, healthy proteins, and fats is recommended to support overall health during cancer treatment. […] However, one 2018 study suggests that a Mediterranean diet has some advantages for reducing the risk of bladder cancer. […] A 2018 research review found an increased risk of bladder cancer in people who consumed processed or red meats. […] Similarly, in a 2018 study, researchers found that people who most closely followed a Western diet (high in fried foods and red and processed meats) had a 1.48 times greater risk of bladder cancer recurrence. […] A 2018 review suggests that polyphenols in green tea may help prevent or treat cancer, including bladder cancer. […] A 2022 review also suggests that drinking tea may help reduce the risk of bladder cancer, though other factors, such as sex and smoking status, may also be at play.

• #29 Bladder Cancer Diet: Foods to Avoid, Nutrition, and More

  https://www.healthline.com/health/bladder-cancer/bladder-cancer-diet-and-nutrition

  An older 2008 study cited in an article from 2017 found that people who consumed Lactobacillus casei while undergoing chemotherapy infusion into the bladder had a 15% lower rate of cancer recurrence than those who didn’t consume it. […] The American Cancer Society recommends avoiding highly processed foods, red meat, sugary foods, alcohol, and refined grains such as white bread and pasta. […] A diet rich in fruits, vegetables, and healthy fats may be beneficial.

• #30 Understanding Bladder Cancer and Nutrition | BCAN

  https://bcan.org/facing-bladder-cancer/nutrition-bladder-cancer/bladder-cancer-diet/

  Many patients and their families want to know what they can do to help prevent bladder cancer or prepare their bodies for treatment. […] Everyone can benefit from knowing more about how good nutrition impacts bladder cancer prevention, treatment, and survivorship. […] Eating healthy and having good nutrition during your bladder cancer journey can be hard, but there are several things that you can do to stay healthy and well-nourished. […] Follow a heart-healthy diet. A heart-healthy diet generally includes eating a variety of fruits and vegetables, whole grains, skinless poultry and fish, low-fat dairy products, nuts and legumes, and non-tropical oils. […] Eat foods with plenty of fiber. This will help ease some of the symptoms associated with bladder cancer treatment. […] Stay hydrated. Each person needs a different amount of water, so talk to your doctor about how much water you should be drinking every day.

• #31 Understanding Bladder Cancer and Nutrition | BCAN

  https://bcan.org/facing-bladder-cancer/nutrition-bladder-cancer/bladder-cancer-diet/

  Eat plenty of lean protein. Protein helps your body stay strong throughout your cancer journey. […] We have great bladder cancer diet recipes for those who wonder what they can make to help them during this process. […] While undergoing treatment for bladder cancer, you might experience uncomfortable side effects. Try to follow a healthy and intentional bladder cancer diet by following the eating tips below to combat these symptoms. […] Talk to your doctor before starting any new diet. […] BCAN has partnered with Savor Health to bring personalized nutrition support to help people with bladder cancer eat healthily and stay well-nourished throughout treatment and beyond.

• #32 Clinical Potential of Fruit in Bladder Cancer Prevention and Treatment

  https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/14/6/1132

  Therefore, in this publication, we want to clarify, using the available literature, the role of fruits, including pomegranates, cranberry, citrus fruits, cactus pears, and apples in anti-BC defense. […] Most of the results to date confirming the anticancer effect of pomegranates have been obtained in in vitro studies. […] The anticancer properties of pomegranate have also been confirmed by Sun and colleagues. […] The next in vivo study confirmed the beneficial effect of pomegranate juice in reducing hyperplasia, dysplasia, and invasive neoplasms in the chemically induced (N-butyl-N-(4-hydroxybutyl)-nitrosamine) BC rat model. […] Positive results in the use of cranberries in the prevention of UITs, including cystitis, contributed to further research on extending the prophylactic use of cranberries in urinary tract cancers.

• #33 Clinical Potential of Fruit in Bladder Cancer Prevention and Treatment

  https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/14/6/1132

  The chemopreventive efficacy of cranberry juice concentrate has been confirmed in an animal study of Fischer-344 female rats with chemically induced (using N-butyl-N-(4-hydroxybutyl)-nitrosamine) urinary BCs. […] The next in vitro study focused on the anticancer properties of modified citrus pectin (MCP). […] Therefore, galectin-3 may be the potential target of cancer therapy if we consider citrus extract as a preventive and therapeutic agent for bladder cancer. […] Summarizing the research on the anticancer potential of pomegranate, it should be emphasized that it is impossible to clearly indicate which of the tested products (extracts from the peel, dried plant, fruit extracts, or pomegranate juice) shows the strongest anticancer effect. […] Considering the variety of compounds present in the fruits in question, apples, cactus pears, pomegranates, cranberries, and citrus may effectively reduce the risk of BC development.

• #34 Clinical Potential of Fruit in Bladder Cancer Prevention and Treatment

  https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/14/6/1132

  The chemopreventive efficacy of cranberry juice concentrate has been confirmed in an animal study of Fischer-344 female rats with chemically induced (using N-butyl-N-(4-hydroxybutyl)-nitrosamine) urinary BCs. […] The next in vitro study focused on the anticancer properties of modified citrus pectin (MCP). […] Therefore, galectin-3 may be the potential target of cancer therapy if we consider citrus extract as a preventive and therapeutic agent for bladder cancer. […] Summarizing the research on the anticancer potential of pomegranate, it should be emphasized that it is impossible to clearly indicate which of the tested products (extracts from the peel, dried plant, fruit extracts, or pomegranate juice) shows the strongest anticancer effect. […] Considering the variety of compounds present in the fruits in question, apples, cactus pears, pomegranates, cranberries, and citrus may effectively reduce the risk of BC development.

• #35 Clinical Potential of Fruit in Bladder Cancer Prevention and Treatment

  https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/14/6/1132

  The studied fruits are a rich source of phenols, flavonoids, ellagitannins, tannins, anthocyanidins, catechin, epicatechin, and quercetin. […] Nevertheless, the obtained results indicate two main molecular mechanisms that determine the anticancer properties of the analyzed fruits. Firstly, the studied fruits are able to arrest the cell cycle, thus preventing cell proliferation and tumor progression. Secondly, the compounds present in the fruit induce apoptosis through all possible pathways.

• #36 Bladder Cancer Diet: Foods to Avoid, Nutrition, and More

  https://www.healthline.com/health/bladder-cancer/bladder-cancer-diet-and-nutrition

  While there is no specific diet for bladder cancer, consuming a variety of nutritious foods like fruits, vegetables, healthy proteins, and fats is recommended to support overall health during cancer treatment. […] However, one 2018 study suggests that a Mediterranean diet has some advantages for reducing the risk of bladder cancer. […] A 2018 research review found an increased risk of bladder cancer in people who consumed processed or red meats. […] Similarly, in a 2018 study, researchers found that people who most closely followed a Western diet (high in fried foods and red and processed meats) had a 1.48 times greater risk of bladder cancer recurrence. […] A 2018 review suggests that polyphenols in green tea may help prevent or treat cancer, including bladder cancer. […] A 2022 review also suggests that drinking tea may help reduce the risk of bladder cancer, though other factors, such as sex and smoking status, may also be at play.

• #37 Clinical Potential of Fruit in Bladder Cancer Prevention and Treatment

  https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/14/6/1132

  The studied fruits are a rich source of phenols, flavonoids, ellagitannins, tannins, anthocyanidins, catechin, epicatechin, and quercetin. […] Nevertheless, the obtained results indicate two main molecular mechanisms that determine the anticancer properties of the analyzed fruits. Firstly, the studied fruits are able to arrest the cell cycle, thus preventing cell proliferation and tumor progression. Secondly, the compounds present in the fruit induce apoptosis through all possible pathways.

• #38 Lifestyle and Nutritional Modifiable Factors in the Prevention and Treatment of Bladder Cancer

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC6200660/

  Overall, there is no conclusive evidence to support or dispute the notion of potential beneficial roles of dietary factors in bladder cancer prevention and survival. […] Physical activity may protect against bladder cancer. […] Two recently published studies, one a meta-analysis and the other a pooled analysis, reported statistically significant decreased risks of bladder cancer associated with physical activity. […] Tobacco smoking has long been recognized as perhaps the single most important behavioral/lifestyle risk factor associated with the development of bladder cancer, and nearly half of all bladder cancer cases in the U.S. are attributable to smoking. […] Current and former smokers diagnosed with NMIBC exhibit increased recurrence and progression rates than never smokers, perhaps as a function of their total cumulative exposure.

• #39 Managing Life After Bladder Cancer | Cxbladder

  https://www.cxbladder.com/us/blog/managing-life-after-bladder-cancer/

  Exercise: Regular exercise helps reduce the risk of recurrence and can add more years to your life. Only 30 minutes a day of moderate exercise reduces anxiety and symptoms such as fatigue, nausea and pain. Talk with your doctor about the right exercise program for you, and plan to start slowly. […] Follow-up care for bladder cancer is the next step after treatment and essential for your ongoing wellbeing. Cancer survivors should receive a personalised follow-up care plan from their doctor to regularly check for recurrence, while taking as many preventative measures as possible. […] In follow-up appointments, your doctor will examine you for side effects from treatment. They’ll also run tests to determine if cancer has returned or spread to other parts of your body. In general, doctors prescribe a cystoscopy to examine your bladder every 3-6 months for the first two years after treatment, and every 6-12 months for years 3 and 4. If there are no signs of recurrence after several years of monitoring, you may then only need a cystoscopy annually. Your doctor may also suggest periodic urine testing or other forms of examination to help them detect recurrence.

• #40 Bladder Cancer: Causes, Risk Factors, and Prevention Strategies | Comprehensive Cancer Centers

  https://cccnevada.com/bladder-cancer-causes-risk-factors-and-prevention-strategies/

  Drinking adequate fluids, particularly water, helps dilute urine and reduces the concentration of potentially harmful substances. Maintaining proper hydration supports overall urinary tract health and reduces risks of urinary tract infections, which can increase bladder cancer risk. […] A balanced diet rich in fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and lean proteins can provide essential nutrients and antioxidants supporting overall health. This may reduce the risk of bladder cancer, as does limiting intake of processed meats, saturated fats, and refined sugars. Incorporating foods high in vitamin C, beta-carotene, and other phytochemicals may help bolster natural defenses against carcinogens. […] Obesity has been linked to an increased risk of bladder cancer. Maintaining healthy weight through regular physical activity and diet can reduce risk of cancer.

• #41 Chemoprevention of urothelial carcinoma of the bladder – UpToDate

  https://www.uptodate.com/contents/chemoprevention-of-urothelial-carcinoma-of-the-bladder

  Chemoprevention is the use of systemic agents to prevent or reverse these changes. Primary chemoprevention seeks to block the formation of de novo bladder cancers in healthy individuals, while secondary chemoprevention focuses on avoiding the formation of additional tumors in patients who have already been treated for bladder cancer. Although chemoprevention is not routinely recommended in either primary or secondary settings, it is an area of active clinical investigation. […] The chemoprevention of bladder cancer with systemic agents is reviewed here, with the focus primarily on agents for which epidemiologic or clinical trial data are available.

• #42 Immunotherapy for Bladder Cancer – Cancer Research Institute

  https://www.cancerresearch.org/cancer-types/bladder-cancer

  Immunotherapy for bladder cancer has a long history, including the first FDA-approved immunotherapy treatment (BCG) in 1990. […] Better treatments, such as novel immunotherapies, might reduce recurrence rates and improve the survival of patients with bladder cancer. […] BCG was the first FDA-approved immunotherapy and helps reduce the risk of bladder cancer recurrence by stimulating an immune response that targets the bacteria as well as any nearby bladder cancer cells. […] New and developing bladder cancer immunotherapies have the potential to reduce recurrence rates and improve survival rates for patients with bladder cancer. […] The FDA approved the use of BCG for superficial bladder cancer in 1990. […] If I hadn’t subsequently applied to and been approved for a grant from CRI, BCG might never have become the standard therapy for the treatment and prevention of early stage bladder cancer. […] Immunotherapy has significantly reduced the risk of recurrence for bladder cancer while also increasing the percentage of patients who see a complete response post-surgery.

• #43 Immunotherapy for Bladder Cancer – Cancer Research Institute

  https://www.cancerresearch.org/cancer-types/bladder-cancer

  Immunotherapy for bladder cancer has a long history, including the first FDA-approved immunotherapy treatment (BCG) in 1990. […] Better treatments, such as novel immunotherapies, might reduce recurrence rates and improve the survival of patients with bladder cancer. […] BCG was the first FDA-approved immunotherapy and helps reduce the risk of bladder cancer recurrence by stimulating an immune response that targets the bacteria as well as any nearby bladder cancer cells. […] New and developing bladder cancer immunotherapies have the potential to reduce recurrence rates and improve survival rates for patients with bladder cancer. […] The FDA approved the use of BCG for superficial bladder cancer in 1990. […] If I hadn’t subsequently applied to and been approved for a grant from CRI, BCG might never have become the standard therapy for the treatment and prevention of early stage bladder cancer. […] Immunotherapy has significantly reduced the risk of recurrence for bladder cancer while also increasing the percentage of patients who see a complete response post-surgery.

• #44 Immunotherapy for Bladder Cancer – Cancer Research Institute

  https://www.cancerresearch.org/cancer-types/bladder-cancer

  Immunotherapy for bladder cancer has a long history, including the first FDA-approved immunotherapy treatment (BCG) in 1990. […] Better treatments, such as novel immunotherapies, might reduce recurrence rates and improve the survival of patients with bladder cancer. […] BCG was the first FDA-approved immunotherapy and helps reduce the risk of bladder cancer recurrence by stimulating an immune response that targets the bacteria as well as any nearby bladder cancer cells. […] New and developing bladder cancer immunotherapies have the potential to reduce recurrence rates and improve survival rates for patients with bladder cancer. […] The FDA approved the use of BCG for superficial bladder cancer in 1990. […] If I hadn’t subsequently applied to and been approved for a grant from CRI, BCG might never have become the standard therapy for the treatment and prevention of early stage bladder cancer. […] Immunotherapy has significantly reduced the risk of recurrence for bladder cancer while also increasing the percentage of patients who see a complete response post-surgery.

• #45 Treatment May Help Prevent Bladder Cancer Recurrences – NCI

  https://www.cancer.gov/news-events/cancer-currents-blog/2018/gemcitabine-bladder-cancer-recurrence

  Flushing the bladder with the chemotherapy drug gemcitabine (Gemzar) after tumors have been removed surgically may reduce the risk of the cancer returning, according to the results of a large clinical trial. […] „Based on these results,” Dr. Messing said, „the addition of gemcitabine after surgery should be the new standard of care for patients with low-grade bladder cancer.” […] Other studies have demonstrated that giving patients with low-grade bladder cancer the chemotherapy drug mitomycin C through a catheter following surgery can reduce the chance of a recurrence. […] Dr. Agarwal predicted that the new study would lead to revisions in treatment guidelines to include gemcitabine as an option for reducing recurrences in the patients with low-grade bladder cancer. […] „It’s very clear from the trial that patients with low-grade bladder cancer benefited from the use of gemcitabine,” he said, noting that patients with high-grade disease were not harmed by the addition of gemcitabine, but neither did they benefit.

• #46 Treatment May Help Prevent Bladder Cancer Recurrences – NCI

  https://www.cancer.gov/news-events/cancer-currents-blog/2018/gemcitabine-bladder-cancer-recurrence

  Flushing the bladder with the chemotherapy drug gemcitabine (Gemzar) after tumors have been removed surgically may reduce the risk of the cancer returning, according to the results of a large clinical trial. […] „Based on these results,” Dr. Messing said, „the addition of gemcitabine after surgery should be the new standard of care for patients with low-grade bladder cancer.” […] Other studies have demonstrated that giving patients with low-grade bladder cancer the chemotherapy drug mitomycin C through a catheter following surgery can reduce the chance of a recurrence. […] Dr. Agarwal predicted that the new study would lead to revisions in treatment guidelines to include gemcitabine as an option for reducing recurrences in the patients with low-grade bladder cancer. […] „It’s very clear from the trial that patients with low-grade bladder cancer benefited from the use of gemcitabine,” he said, noting that patients with high-grade disease were not harmed by the addition of gemcitabine, but neither did they benefit.

• #47 Treatment May Help Prevent Bladder Cancer Recurrences – NCI

  https://www.cancer.gov/news-events/cancer-currents-blog/2018/gemcitabine-bladder-cancer-recurrence

  Flushing the bladder with the chemotherapy drug gemcitabine (Gemzar) after tumors have been removed surgically may reduce the risk of the cancer returning, according to the results of a large clinical trial. […] „Based on these results,” Dr. Messing said, „the addition of gemcitabine after surgery should be the new standard of care for patients with low-grade bladder cancer.” […] Other studies have demonstrated that giving patients with low-grade bladder cancer the chemotherapy drug mitomycin C through a catheter following surgery can reduce the chance of a recurrence. […] Dr. Agarwal predicted that the new study would lead to revisions in treatment guidelines to include gemcitabine as an option for reducing recurrences in the patients with low-grade bladder cancer. […] „It’s very clear from the trial that patients with low-grade bladder cancer benefited from the use of gemcitabine,” he said, noting that patients with high-grade disease were not harmed by the addition of gemcitabine, but neither did they benefit.

• #48

  https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/BF00262492

  A multicenter trial for postoperative prophylaxis of superficial Ta-T1, G1-G2 bladder cancer was performed. Intravesical instillation using either 20-30 mg adriamycin or 20 mg mitomycin C per dose was carried out for 4 weeks or 2 years. […] The instillation group showed a better disease free survival rate than the control group. Better prophylactic effects of instillation therapy were observed when one of following factors was present: multiple tumors, large tumors, T1 and G2 bladder cancer. […] The total dose of drug instilled seemed to correlate with the effects, but there were no differences between adriamycin and mitomycin C. The side effects were minimal and temporary.

• #49 Naproxen plus acid blocking drug shows promise in preventing bladder cancer | University of Michigan Rogel Cancer Center

  https://www.rogelcancercenter.org/news/archive/naproxen-plus-acid-blocking-drug-shows-promise-preventing-bladder-cancer

  Naproxen plus acid blocking drug shows promise in preventing bladder cancer. Combining naproxen and omeprazole, which reduces GI side effects in humans, prevented bladder cancer in animal model. They found that naproxen reduced the incidence of bladder cancer by 75 percent in rats. Clinical data in humans has previously shown combining omeprazole plus naproxen reduced gastric toxicity roughly 70 percent. Our study shows that naproxen works just as well with a proton pump inhibitor as without. This provides proof of principle that this could be a valuable cancer prevention strategy and one hopes it can advance quickly to a clinical trial for those at high risk of colon, esophageal, squamous cell skin cancer or potentially other cancers. Naproxen is a great candidate for chemoprevention. The authors hope to plan a clinical trial to look at naproxen plus omeprazole in people at high risk of colon or other cancers. […] The combination of naproxen plus a proton pump inhibitor is already used in people with arthritis.

• #50 Bladder Cancer Awareness Month: Recent Developments in Risk Reduction and Treatment – American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)

  https://www.aacr.org/blog/2020/05/12/bladder-cancer-awareness-month-recent-developments-in-risk-reduction-and-treatment/

  Bladder cancer is most frequently diagnosed in men and in individuals over 65 years of age. Several additional factors may increase an individuals risk, including smoking, having a family history of the disease, certain genetic mutations, and exposure to certain chemicals. […] While many of the risk factors for bladder cancer cannot be altered, certain lifestyle changes may help reduce the risk of this disease. A study published last year in Cancer Prevention Research, a journal of the American Association for Cancer Research (AACR), found that quitting smoking reduced bladder cancer risk in postmenopausal women. The risk was reduced by 25 percent for the first 10 years after quitting compared with women who had not quit smoking. […] In another study published in Cancer Prevention Research, researchers used rat models of bladder cancer to examine whether non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and/or inhibitors of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) could reduce the risk of developing bladder cancer. Both NSAIDs and EGFR inhibitors have been suggested to prevent bladder cancer, but daily dosing of these drugs is associated with various toxicities. […] They found that rats that received these drugs on an alternate dosing schedule had fewer tumors and reduced tumor volume compared with untreated rats, raising the possibility that these drugs could eventually be used to reduce the risk of bladder cancer in high-risk individuals.

• #51 Join a Bladder Cancer Clinical Trial to Help Reduce the Risk of Recurrence! – Salud America

  https://salud-america.org/join-a-bladder-cancer-clinical-trial-to-help-reduce-the-risk-of-recurrence/

  Join a Bladder Cancer Clinical Trial to Help Reduce the Risk of Recurrence! […] Clinical trials are studies that help researchers learn more to help slow, manage, and treat cancer, as well as prevent cancer recurrence. […] If you have had bladder cancer, you can volunteer for a bladder cancer prevention clinical trial that is studying encapsulated rapamycin (eRapa) and its ability to reduce the risk of bladder cancer recurrence. […] Researchers rely on volunteers in clinical trials to help identify the best treatments to prevent bladder cancer recurrence. […] The primary hypothesis is that eRapa decreases the risk of cancer relapse for patients with [non-muscle invasive bladder cancer] NMIBC. […] Secondary hypotheses are that eRapa can improve certain immune parameters and improve cognition and physical function without adversely affecting patient-reported outcomes and quality of life.

• #52 Vitamin A and Retinoids in Bladder Cancer Chemoprevention and Treatment: A Narrative Review of Current Evidence, Challenges and Future Prospects

  https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/22/7/3510

  Bladder cancer (BC) is the tenth most common cancer worldwide with a high recurrence rate, morbidity and mortality. Therefore, chemoprevention and improved treatment of BC are of paramount importance. Epidemiological studies suggest that adequate vitamin A intake may be associated with reduced BC risk. […] Findings from in vivo and in vitro models of BC show great potential for the use of retinoids in the chemoprevention and treatment of BC. However, translation to the clinical practice is limited. […] Meta-analyses of epidemiological studies indicate that high dietary vitamin A intake reduces the risk of BC. […] Several preclinical studies have shown great potential of retinoids for chemoprevention and treatment of BC, however, translation into clinical use remains limited due to application challenges. Nevertheless, novel synthetic retinoids and retinoid delivery systems have been developed, which, together with the discovery of novel therapeutic targets in the retinoid pathway, offer new opportunities for successful translation of retinoid application into the clinical setting.

• #53 Sulforaphane for the chemoprevention of bladder cancer: molecular mechanism targeted approach | Oncotarget

  https://www.oncotarget.com/article/16015/text/

  Evaluation of chemoprevention interventions in BC patients is especially feasible given physiological exposure of bladder urothelial cells to excreted compounds, readily available pathological specimens for analysis, and measurable intermediate endpoint biomarkers. […] Despite attempts at identifying other single and combination agents for chemoprevention, several epidemiological, in vitro, preclinical, and early phase trials have shown that the phytochemicals, isothiocyanates (ITCs), specifically sulforaphane (SFN) present in Brassicaceae or cruciferous vegetables in the precursor form of glucoraphanin, are: (a) available in standardized formulations; (b) bioavailable – both systemically and in the bladder; (c) observed to be potent inhibitors of BC carcinogenesis through multiple mechanisms; and (d) associated with no dose-limiting toxicities at the proposed dose levels, thus supporting further development of SFN in phase I/II human studies targeting bladder cancer.

• #54 Bladder Cancer: Causes, Risk Factors, and Prevention Strategies | Comprehensive Cancer Centers

  https://cccnevada.com/bladder-cancer-causes-risk-factors-and-prevention-strategies/

  Maintaining good hygiene practices, such as practicing safe sex, wiping from front to back after using the bathroom, and avoiding prolonged use of indwelling catheters, can help reduce the risk of urinary tract infections and other conditions that may increase bladder cancer risk. […] Individuals at high risk of bladder cancer due to personal or family history or occupational exposures, should get regular screening to detect early signs of the disease. Screening tests can include urine cytology, cystoscopy, and imaging studies such as ultrasound or CT urography. Early detection allows for prompt intervention and may improve treatment outcomes and prognosis. […] The good news is that by following guidelines above, reducing the risk for bladder cancer and other health issues is possible.

• #55 Bladder Cancer: Causes, Risk Factors, and Prevention Strategies | Comprehensive Cancer Centers

  https://cccnevada.com/bladder-cancer-causes-risk-factors-and-prevention-strategies/

  Maintaining good hygiene practices, such as practicing safe sex, wiping from front to back after using the bathroom, and avoiding prolonged use of indwelling catheters, can help reduce the risk of urinary tract infections and other conditions that may increase bladder cancer risk. […] Individuals at high risk of bladder cancer due to personal or family history or occupational exposures, should get regular screening to detect early signs of the disease. Screening tests can include urine cytology, cystoscopy, and imaging studies such as ultrasound or CT urography. Early detection allows for prompt intervention and may improve treatment outcomes and prognosis. […] The good news is that by following guidelines above, reducing the risk for bladder cancer and other health issues is possible.

• #56 Managing Life After Bladder Cancer | Cxbladder

  https://www.cxbladder.com/us/blog/managing-life-after-bladder-cancer/

  Exercise: Regular exercise helps reduce the risk of recurrence and can add more years to your life. Only 30 minutes a day of moderate exercise reduces anxiety and symptoms such as fatigue, nausea and pain. Talk with your doctor about the right exercise program for you, and plan to start slowly. […] Follow-up care for bladder cancer is the next step after treatment and essential for your ongoing wellbeing. Cancer survivors should receive a personalised follow-up care plan from their doctor to regularly check for recurrence, while taking as many preventative measures as possible. […] In follow-up appointments, your doctor will examine you for side effects from treatment. They’ll also run tests to determine if cancer has returned or spread to other parts of your body. In general, doctors prescribe a cystoscopy to examine your bladder every 3-6 months for the first two years after treatment, and every 6-12 months for years 3 and 4. If there are no signs of recurrence after several years of monitoring, you may then only need a cystoscopy annually. Your doctor may also suggest periodic urine testing or other forms of examination to help them detect recurrence.

• #57 Managing Life After Bladder Cancer | Cxbladder

  https://www.cxbladder.com/us/blog/managing-life-after-bladder-cancer/

  Cxbladder Monitor is a reliable and non-invasive surveillance alternative designed to rule out the return of bladder cancer. A genomic urine test that analyzes five biomarker genes to provide accurate results with a single urine sample, Cxbladder can reduce the need for frequent cystoscopies which can be both uncomfortable and inconvenient.

• #58 Bladder Cancer Risk Factors | How Do You Get Bladder Cancer? | American Cancer Society

  https://www.cancer.org/cancer/types/bladder-cancer/causes-risks-prevention/risk-factors.html

  Many risk factors make a person more likely to develop bladder cancer. […] It’s important to know about the risk factors for bladder cancer because there may be things you can do that might lower your risk of getting it. […] Smoking is a major risk factor for bladder cancer. […] Certain industrial chemicals have been linked with bladder cancer. […] Some research has suggested that the use of the diabetes medicine pioglitazone might be linked with an increased risk of bladder cancer. […] Arsenic in drinking water has been linked with a higher risk of bladder cancer in some parts of the world. […] People who drink a lot of fluids each day tend to have lower rates of bladder cancer. […] The risk of bladder cancer increases with age. […] Bladder cancer is more common in men than in women.

• #59 Bladder Cancer Risk Factors | How Do You Get Bladder Cancer? | American Cancer Society

  https://www.cancer.org/cancer/types/bladder-cancer/causes-risks-prevention/risk-factors.html

  Many risk factors make a person more likely to develop bladder cancer. […] It’s important to know about the risk factors for bladder cancer because there may be things you can do that might lower your risk of getting it. […] Smoking is a major risk factor for bladder cancer. […] Certain industrial chemicals have been linked with bladder cancer. […] Some research has suggested that the use of the diabetes medicine pioglitazone might be linked with an increased risk of bladder cancer. […] Arsenic in drinking water has been linked with a higher risk of bladder cancer in some parts of the world. […] People who drink a lot of fluids each day tend to have lower rates of bladder cancer. […] The risk of bladder cancer increases with age. […] Bladder cancer is more common in men than in women.

• #60 Bladder Cancer Risk Factors | How Do You Get Bladder Cancer? | American Cancer Society

  https://www.cancer.org/cancer/types/bladder-cancer/causes-risks-prevention/risk-factors.html

  Urinary infections, kidney and bladder stones, bladder catheters left in place a long time, and other causes of chronic bladder irritation have been linked to bladder cancer. […] People who have family members with bladder cancer have a higher risk of getting it themselves. […] Taking the chemotherapy drug cyclophosphamide for a long time can irritate the bladder and increase the risk of bladder cancer.

• #61 Bladder Cancer Risk Factors | How Do You Get Bladder Cancer? | American Cancer Society

  https://www.cancer.org/cancer/types/bladder-cancer/causes-risks-prevention/risk-factors.html

  Urinary infections, kidney and bladder stones, bladder catheters left in place a long time, and other causes of chronic bladder irritation have been linked to bladder cancer. […] People who have family members with bladder cancer have a higher risk of getting it themselves. […] Taking the chemotherapy drug cyclophosphamide for a long time can irritate the bladder and increase the risk of bladder cancer.

• #62 Bladder Cancer Risk Factors | How Do You Get Bladder Cancer? | American Cancer Society

  https://www.cancer.org/cancer/types/bladder-cancer/causes-risks-prevention/risk-factors.html

  Urinary infections, kidney and bladder stones, bladder catheters left in place a long time, and other causes of chronic bladder irritation have been linked to bladder cancer. […] People who have family members with bladder cancer have a higher risk of getting it themselves. […] Taking the chemotherapy drug cyclophosphamide for a long time can irritate the bladder and increase the risk of bladder cancer.

• #63 Bladder cancer | Description, Causes, Symptoms, & Treatment | Britannica

  https://www.britannica.com/science/bladder-cancer

  Bladder cancer cannot be completely prevented, but risk of developing the disease can be greatly reduced by not smoking and by avoiding or reducing exposure to arylamines. […] People with uncontrollable risk factors such as advanced age or a personal history of bladder cancer should be aware of the early symptoms and see their physicians regularly.

• #64

  https://winshipcancer.emory.edu/cancer-types-and-treatments/bladder-cancer/prevention.php

  Smoking is the primary cause of bladder cancer, which means protecting yourself and preventing bladder cancer could be as easy as quitting. […] At least half of all bladder cancers are preventable, which means its possible to reduce your risk by making lifestyle changes. Follow these bladder cancer prevention guidelines: […] Quit all forms of smoking, including cigarettes, e-cigarettes, cigars and pipes. […] Drink plenty of liquids each day, especially water.

• #65 Can Bladder Cancer Be Prevented? | American Cancer Society

  https://www.cancer.org/cancer/types/bladder-cancer/causes-risks-prevention/prevention.html

  There is no sure way to prevent bladder cancer. Some risk factors, like your age and family history, cant be controlled. But there might be things you can do that could help lower your risk. […] Dont smoke […] Limit exposure to certain chemicals in the workplace […] Drink plenty of liquids […] Limit arsenic intake […] Eat plenty of fruits and vegetables […] Smoking is thought to cause about half of all bladder cancers. […] Workers in industries that use certain chemicals have a higher risk of bladder cancer. […] Some research suggests that drinking a lot of fluids, mainly water, might lower a persons risk of bladder cancer. […] Arsenic in drinking water has been linked with a higher risk of bladder cancer in some parts of the world. […] Some studies have suggested that a diet high in fruits and vegetables might help protect against bladder cancer, but other studies have not found this. […] Studies to date have not found that taking vitamins or other dietary supplements can help prevent bladder cancer.

• #66 Is Bladder Cancer Hereditary? | Cxbladder

  https://www.cxbladder.com/us/blog/is-bladder-cancer-hereditary/

  Though you cant affect risk factors like your age, ethnicity and gender; you can control elements of your lifestyle. Here are some tips to reduce your risk. […] One of the best things you can do to prevent bladder cancer is to quit smoking. While doing so can be a challenge, especially if you’ve smoked for decades, there are plenty of available resources to help you kick the habit for good. […] A nutritious diet filled with fruits, vegetables and whole grains can help your cells repair themselves and lower your risk of various forms of cancer. Avoid eating processed meats such as hot dogs and bacon, which may increase the risk of bladder cancer. […] The average adult male should drink at least 15 cups of water a day, while a woman should have 11. […] If your job requires working around or with harmful chemicals, make sure to follow all safety precautions to reduce your exposure as much as possible.

• #67 Bladder cancer – Symptoms and causes – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/bladder-cancer/symptoms-causes/syc-20356104

  Although there’s no guaranteed way to prevent bladder cancer, you can take steps to help reduce your risk. For instance: […] Don’t smoke. If you don’t smoke, don’t start. If you smoke, talk to your doctor about a plan to help you stop. Support groups, medications and other methods may help you quit. […] Take caution around chemicals. If you work with chemicals, follow all safety instructions to avoid exposure. […] Choose a variety of fruits and vegetables. Choose a diet rich in a variety of colorful fruits and vegetables. The antioxidants in fruits and vegetables may help reduce your risk of cancer.

• #68 Managing Life After Bladder Cancer | Cxbladder

  https://www.cxbladder.com/us/blog/managing-life-after-bladder-cancer/

  Exercise: Regular exercise helps reduce the risk of recurrence and can add more years to your life. Only 30 minutes a day of moderate exercise reduces anxiety and symptoms such as fatigue, nausea and pain. Talk with your doctor about the right exercise program for you, and plan to start slowly. […] Follow-up care for bladder cancer is the next step after treatment and essential for your ongoing wellbeing. Cancer survivors should receive a personalised follow-up care plan from their doctor to regularly check for recurrence, while taking as many preventative measures as possible. […] In follow-up appointments, your doctor will examine you for side effects from treatment. They’ll also run tests to determine if cancer has returned or spread to other parts of your body. In general, doctors prescribe a cystoscopy to examine your bladder every 3-6 months for the first two years after treatment, and every 6-12 months for years 3 and 4. If there are no signs of recurrence after several years of monitoring, you may then only need a cystoscopy annually. Your doctor may also suggest periodic urine testing or other forms of examination to help them detect recurrence.

• #69 Bladder Cancer: Causes, Risk Factors, and Prevention Strategies | Comprehensive Cancer Centers

  https://cccnevada.com/bladder-cancer-causes-risk-factors-and-prevention-strategies/

  Drinking adequate fluids, particularly water, helps dilute urine and reduces the concentration of potentially harmful substances. Maintaining proper hydration supports overall urinary tract health and reduces risks of urinary tract infections, which can increase bladder cancer risk. […] A balanced diet rich in fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and lean proteins can provide essential nutrients and antioxidants supporting overall health. This may reduce the risk of bladder cancer, as does limiting intake of processed meats, saturated fats, and refined sugars. Incorporating foods high in vitamin C, beta-carotene, and other phytochemicals may help bolster natural defenses against carcinogens. […] Obesity has been linked to an increased risk of bladder cancer. Maintaining healthy weight through regular physical activity and diet can reduce risk of cancer.

• #70 Bladder Cancer: Causes, Risk Factors, and Prevention Strategies | Comprehensive Cancer Centers

  https://cccnevada.com/bladder-cancer-causes-risk-factors-and-prevention-strategies/

  Maintaining good hygiene practices, such as practicing safe sex, wiping from front to back after using the bathroom, and avoiding prolonged use of indwelling catheters, can help reduce the risk of urinary tract infections and other conditions that may increase bladder cancer risk. […] Individuals at high risk of bladder cancer due to personal or family history or occupational exposures, should get regular screening to detect early signs of the disease. Screening tests can include urine cytology, cystoscopy, and imaging studies such as ultrasound or CT urography. Early detection allows for prompt intervention and may improve treatment outcomes and prognosis. […] The good news is that by following guidelines above, reducing the risk for bladder cancer and other health issues is possible.

• #71 Bladder Cancer: Causes, Risk Factors, and Prevention Strategies | Comprehensive Cancer Centers

  https://cccnevada.com/bladder-cancer-causes-risk-factors-and-prevention-strategies/

  Maintaining good hygiene practices, such as practicing safe sex, wiping from front to back after using the bathroom, and avoiding prolonged use of indwelling catheters, can help reduce the risk of urinary tract infections and other conditions that may increase bladder cancer risk. […] Individuals at high risk of bladder cancer due to personal or family history or occupational exposures, should get regular screening to detect early signs of the disease. Screening tests can include urine cytology, cystoscopy, and imaging studies such as ultrasound or CT urography. Early detection allows for prompt intervention and may improve treatment outcomes and prognosis. […] The good news is that by following guidelines above, reducing the risk for bladder cancer and other health issues is possible.

• #72

  https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10654-016-0138-6

  Each year, 430,000 people are diagnosed with bladder cancer. Due to the high recurrence rate of the disease, primary prevention is paramount. Therefore, we reviewed all meta-analyses on modifiable risk factors of primary bladder cancer. […] Modification of lifestyle and occupational exposures can considerably reduce the bladder cancer burden. While smoking remains one of the key risk factors, also several diet-related and occupational factors are very relevant. […] Therefore, primary prevention is paramount, particularly because many of the risk factors are modifiable and therefore preventable. […] The combined POC showed that up to 81.8 % of the bladder cancer cases, among those with non-optimal lifestyle behaviours, could be prevented through lifestyle modifications. […] In conclusion, the burden of bladder cancer could be significantly reduced through modification of lifestyle, environment, and occupational exposures. In fact, having numerous modifiable risk factors, among which multiple with a substantial RR, makes bladder cancer one of the most preventable diseases.

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