Materiały źródłowe

• #1 Bladder cancer – Symptoms and causes – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/bladder-cancer/symptoms-causes/syc-20356104

  Bladder cancer symptoms are usually clear and easy to notice. If any of these symptoms are present, it may be worth making an appointment to see a doctor: Blood in the urine, frequent urination, painful urination or back pain. […] Bladder cancer signs and symptoms may include: Blood in urine (hematuria), which may cause urine to appear bright red or cola colored, though sometimes the urine appears normal and blood is detected on a lab test, Frequent urination, Painful urination, Back pain. […] Most bladder cancers are diagnosed at an early stage, when the cancer is highly treatable. But even early-stage bladder cancers can come back after successful treatment. For this reason, people with bladder cancer typically need follow-up tests for years after treatment to look for bladder cancer that recurs.

• #2 ‘How I knew I had bladder cancer’: 3 survivors’ first symptoms | MD Anderson Cancer Center

  https://www.mdanderson.org/cancerwise/how-i-knew-i-had-bladder-cancer—3-survivors–first-symptoms.h00-159701490.html

  Bladder cancer is a disease of the urinary tract. So, most bladder cancer symptoms will affect urination in some way. […] The most common bladder cancer symptom far and away is blood in the urine, says urologic surgeon Thomas Smith, M.D. […] Blood in the urine, or hematuria, is the most common symptom Smith sees in bladder cancer patients. […] You cant always go by how you feel. I felt completely fine, but I had blood in my urine. […] As soon as you notice them, says Smith. Never ignore a symptom, even if it seems minor or only happens one time.

• #3 Three Warning Signs of Bladder Cancer – UF Health

  https://ufhealth.org/stories/2023/three-warning-signs-of-bladder-cancer

  Bladder cancer is the fourth most common cancer in men and eighth most common cancer in women, affecting about 80,000 people in the United States every year. […] Early bladder cancer symptoms can be difficult to recognize, but some common symptoms include: Blood in urine, which may appear orange, pink or rarely, dark red […] Change in bladder habits such as increased frequency or urgency of urination […] Pain or burning sensation during urination. […] Blood in the urine is typically the one of the first bladder cancer signs. The blood may be present in the urine on a regular basis or disappear and reappear over the course of days or weeks. Those noting blood in urine should seek medical attention, so an evaluation can be completed. […] Non-muscle invasive bladder cancer is the earliest stage of bladder cancer. This means that the cancer cells are only located in the inner lining of the bladder, or the bladder wall.

• #4 Bladder Cancer Signs and Symptoms | American Cancer Society

  https://www.cancer.org/cancer/types/bladder-cancer/detection-diagnosis-staging/signs-and-symptoms.html

  Bladder cancer can often be found early because it can cause signs or symptoms that lead a person to see a health care provider. […] Most often, blood in the urine (hematuria) is the first sign of bladder cancer. There may be enough blood to change the color of the urine to orange, pink, or, less often, dark red. […] Usually, early bladder cancer (cancer that is small and still only in the bladder) causes bleeding but little or no pain or other symptoms. […] Bladder cancer can sometimes cause changes in urination, such as: Having to go more often than usual, Pain or burning during urination, Feeling as if you need to go right away, even when your bladder isn’t full, Having trouble going or having a weak urine stream, Having to get up to go many times during the night. […] Bladder cancers that have grown large or have spread to other parts of the body can sometimes cause other symptoms, such as: Being unable to urinate, Lower back pain on one side, Loss of appetite and weight loss, Feeling tired or weak, Swelling in the feet, Bone pain. […] Again, many of these symptoms are more likely to be caused by something other than bladder cancer, but its important to have them checked.

• #5 Bladder Cancer: Symptoms, Causes & Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/14326-bladder-cancer

  Blood in your pee (urine) is the most common bladder cancer symptom. […] Other bladder cancer symptoms include: Pain when you pee (dysuria): This is a burning or stinging sensation that you may feel when you start to pee or after you pee. […] Bladder cancer happens when certain cells in the tissue lining your bladder mutate or change, becoming abnormal cells that multiply and cause tumors in your bladder. Left untreated, bladder cancer may grow through your bladder walls to nearby lymph nodes and then other areas of your body, including your bones, lungs or liver. […] Bladder cancer can be either early stage (confined to the lining of your bladder) or invasive (penetrating your bladder wall and possibly spreading to nearby organs or lymph nodes). […] Left untreated, bladder cancer may spread to other parts of your body. Cancer thats metastasized, or spread, may affect how long youll live with bladder cancer. Like many types of cancer, early detection and treatment increase the chance of living longer with bladder cancer.

• #6 ‘How I knew I had bladder cancer’: 3 survivors’ first symptoms | MD Anderson Cancer Center

  https://www.mdanderson.org/cancerwise/how-i-knew-i-had-bladder-cancer—3-survivors–first-symptoms.h00-159701490.html

  Bladder cancer is a disease of the urinary tract. So, most bladder cancer symptoms will affect urination in some way. […] The most common bladder cancer symptom far and away is blood in the urine, says urologic surgeon Thomas Smith, M.D. […] Blood in the urine, or hematuria, is the most common symptom Smith sees in bladder cancer patients. […] You cant always go by how you feel. I felt completely fine, but I had blood in my urine. […] As soon as you notice them, says Smith. Never ignore a symptom, even if it seems minor or only happens one time.

• #7 Bladder Cancer: Small State, Big Problem | Brown University Health

  https://www.lifespan.org/be-well/bladder-cancer-small-state-big-problem

  The most common sign and often the only sign of bladder cancer is blood in the urine, referred to as hematuria. In fact, 83 percent of patients with bladder cancer have visible blood in their urine while only 17 percent will have microscopic hematuria, meaning blood in the urine that is only visible under a microscope. The blood may be dark red, light red or pink, and may come and go. Women often mistake this as menstruation. […] Less common signs and symptoms may include increased frequency or urgency of urination, night sweats, flank pain, heat or cold intolerance, weight loss, decreased appetite, bone pain, pelvic pain or pain while urinating.

• #8 Bladder Cancer: Practice Essentials, Background, Anatomy

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/438262-overview

  Bladder cancer is a common urologic cancer that has the highest recurrence rate of any malignancy. The most common type is urothelial carcinoma (UC). Other types include squamous cell carcinoma and adenocarcinomas. […] Clinical manifestations of bladder cancer are as follows: Painless gross hematuria – Approximately 80-90% of patients; classic presentation. Irritative bladder symptoms (eg, dysuria, urgency, frequency of urination) – 20-30% of patients. Pelvic or bony pain, lower-extremity edema, or flank pain – In patients with advanced disease. Palpable mass on physical examination – Rare in superficial bladder cancer. […] The classic presentation of bladder cancer is painless gross hematuria, which is seen in approximately 80-90% of patients. Physical examination results are often unremarkable.

• #9 Signs and Symptoms of Bladder Cancer

  https://www.verywellhealth.com/signs-and-symptoms-of-bladder-cancer-4132458

  The most common first sign of bladder cancer is blood in the urine, although a variety of other problems with urination may also serve as signals. […] It’s important to understand that the early signs and symptoms of bladder cancer are often intermittent and not severe. […] Blood in the urine, or hematuria, in bladder cancer is usually painless, visible, and comes and goes. In fact, blood can be present and then disappear only to reappear days or weeks later. […] In bladder cancer, blood is typically present throughout the urination process. This is a subtle clue that something may be wrong, but not a hard and fast rule. […] However, sometimes blood in the urine is not visible to the naked eye. Rather, it is picked up microscopicallyusually on a urine sample that was taken for another purpose in a healthcare provider’s office.

• #10 Bladder Cancer Symptoms: 5 Warning Signs You Shouldn’t Ignore – Bladder Cancer Advocacy Network

  https://bcan.org/facing-bladder-cancer/bladder-cancer-signs-symptoms/

  When caught it its early stages, bladder cancer can be highly treatable. Thats why its important to know the signs and symptoms of bladder cancer. […] The main warning sign of bladder cancer is painless blood in the urine, called gross hematuria. […] Remember: blood in your urine is NEVER normal. […] Pain when urinating, urgency, frequency and a constant need to urinate may be symptoms a bladder cancer patient initially experiences. […] Urination urgency, or feeling like you must pee immediately, can be a sign of bladder cancer. […] For late bladder cancer patient Pat, she shared her experience with frequent urination: I started having to get up at night to go to the bathroom. […] Sometimes, the urgent need to urinate is accompanied by the inability to empty your bladder. […] Other symptoms that may be indicative of bladder cancer include:

• #11 Symptoms of bladder cancer | Cancer Research UK

  https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/about-cancer/bladder-cancer/symptoms

  The main symptom of bladder cancer is blood in your urine. This is the same for both men and women. […] Bladder cancer symptoms to look out for: blood in the urine, problems passing urine, bone, lower back or tummy pain, feeling tired, weight loss for no reason. […] Blood in the urine is the most common symptom of bladder cancer. 80 out of 100 people with bladder cancer (80%) have some blood in their urine. […] The blood may not be there all the time. It can come and go. The bleeding is not usually painful. But if you ever see blood in your urine, you should go to your GP. […] Other urine problems with bladder cancer can include: passing urine very often (frequency), passing urine very suddenly (urgency), pain or a burning sensation when passing urine. […] You might have other symptoms if bladder cancer is locally advanced or has spread to other parts of the body (advanced bladder cancer). These include: weight loss for no reason, pain in your back, lower tummy or bones, feeling tired and unwell.

• #12 Bladder Cancer: Symptoms, Causes & Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/14326-bladder-cancer

  Blood in your pee (urine) is the most common bladder cancer symptom. […] Other bladder cancer symptoms include: Pain when you pee (dysuria): This is a burning or stinging sensation that you may feel when you start to pee or after you pee. […] Bladder cancer happens when certain cells in the tissue lining your bladder mutate or change, becoming abnormal cells that multiply and cause tumors in your bladder. Left untreated, bladder cancer may grow through your bladder walls to nearby lymph nodes and then other areas of your body, including your bones, lungs or liver. […] Bladder cancer can be either early stage (confined to the lining of your bladder) or invasive (penetrating your bladder wall and possibly spreading to nearby organs or lymph nodes). […] Left untreated, bladder cancer may spread to other parts of your body. Cancer thats metastasized, or spread, may affect how long youll live with bladder cancer. Like many types of cancer, early detection and treatment increase the chance of living longer with bladder cancer.

• #13 Bladder Cancer Signs and Symptoms | American Cancer Society

  https://www.cancer.org/cancer/types/bladder-cancer/detection-diagnosis-staging/signs-and-symptoms.html

  Bladder cancer can often be found early because it can cause signs or symptoms that lead a person to see a health care provider. […] Most often, blood in the urine (hematuria) is the first sign of bladder cancer. There may be enough blood to change the color of the urine to orange, pink, or, less often, dark red. […] Usually, early bladder cancer (cancer that is small and still only in the bladder) causes bleeding but little or no pain or other symptoms. […] Bladder cancer can sometimes cause changes in urination, such as: Having to go more often than usual, Pain or burning during urination, Feeling as if you need to go right away, even when your bladder isn’t full, Having trouble going or having a weak urine stream, Having to get up to go many times during the night. […] Bladder cancers that have grown large or have spread to other parts of the body can sometimes cause other symptoms, such as: Being unable to urinate, Lower back pain on one side, Loss of appetite and weight loss, Feeling tired or weak, Swelling in the feet, Bone pain. […] Again, many of these symptoms are more likely to be caused by something other than bladder cancer, but its important to have them checked.

• #14 Symptoms of bladder cancer | Canadian Cancer Society

  https://cancer.ca/en/cancer-information/cancer-types/bladder/signs-and-symptoms

  Bladder cancer may not cause any signs or symptoms in its early stages. Signs and symptoms often appear as the tumour gets bigger or grows deeper into the wall of the bladder. […] The most common sign of bladder cancer is blood in the urine (pee) (hematuria). This may cause changes to the colour of the urine, such as turning it orange, pink or red. Sometimes the amount of blood in the urine is so small that you cant see it and it is only found during a urinalysis. […] Other signs and symptoms of bladder cancer may include: a need to urinate more often than usual (frequent urination), an intense need to urinate (urgent urination), burning or pain during urination, difficulty urinating or having a weak stream of urine, low back pain or pain in the pelvis.

• #15 Bladder Cancer: Practice Essentials, Background, Anatomy

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/438262-overview

  Bladder cancer is a common urologic cancer that has the highest recurrence rate of any malignancy. The most common type is urothelial carcinoma (UC). Other types include squamous cell carcinoma and adenocarcinomas. […] Clinical manifestations of bladder cancer are as follows: Painless gross hematuria – Approximately 80-90% of patients; classic presentation. Irritative bladder symptoms (eg, dysuria, urgency, frequency of urination) – 20-30% of patients. Pelvic or bony pain, lower-extremity edema, or flank pain – In patients with advanced disease. Palpable mass on physical examination – Rare in superficial bladder cancer. […] The classic presentation of bladder cancer is painless gross hematuria, which is seen in approximately 80-90% of patients. Physical examination results are often unremarkable.

• #16 Stages of bladder cancer: What they mean

  https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/stages-of-bladder-cancer

  Bladder cancer is a type of cancer that affects the bladders lining. It occurs when there is abnormal tissue growth in the lining of the bladder. […] The symptoms of bladder cancer may vary by stage and from one person to another. While symptoms may be mild at an early stage, a person may experience severe symptoms as the condition progresses. […] The most common symptom of bladder cancer is blood in the urine. […] Other, less common symptoms include a sudden need to urinate, urinating more frequently, and a burning sensation when urinating. […] At an advanced stage of the condition, a person may begin to experience symptoms, such as bone pain, pelvic pain, unexplained weight loss, and edema or swelling of the legs. […] Although a person may have mild symptoms at the onset of bladder cancer, these can become severe over time without early diagnosis and treatment.

• #17 Symptoms of metastatic bladder cancer | Cancer Research UK

  https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/about-cancer/bladder-cancer/metastatic/symptoms

  Metastatic bladder cancer means that a cancer that began in the bladder has spread to another part of your body. It is also called advanced bladder cancer. […] If your bladder cancer has spread you might: have bone, back or tummy pain, feel very tired (fatigue), feel generally unwell, have weight loss for no known reason. […] You might have specific symptoms depending on where the cancer has spread to. These symptoms can also be caused by other medical conditions so might not be a sign that the cancer has spread. […] Large tumours in the bladder can press on the ureters and spread to other nearby structures. You might find that you have: problems passing urine such as difficulty weeing or frequency, blood in your urine, pain in your back, pain in your tummy (abdomen) or pelvis, problems with how well your kidneys work.

• #18 Symptoms of metastatic bladder cancer | Cancer Research UK

  https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/about-cancer/bladder-cancer/metastatic/symptoms

  The most common symptom if cancer has spread to the bone is bone pain. It is usually there most of the time and can wake you up at night. The pain can be a dull ache or stabbing pain. […] You might have any of the following symptoms if your cancer has spread to the liver: discomfort or pain on the right side of your tummy (abdomen), feeling sick, poor appetite and weight loss, a swollen tummy (called ascites), yellowing of the skin and whites of the eyes (jaundice), itchy skin. […] You may have any of these symptoms if cancer has spread to your lungs: a cough that doesn’t go away (often worse at night), breathlessness, ongoing chest infections, coughing up blood, a build up of fluid between the chest wall and the lung (a pleural effusion). […] When bladder cancer has spread, it can no longer be cured. But treatment can control it for some time and help to relieve symptoms.

• #19 What Are the Symptoms and Signs of Bladder Cancer?

  https://www.cancercenter.com/cancer-types/bladder-cancer/symptoms

  Because the bladder is responsible for holding urine after it is produced by the kidneys, many symptoms of bladder cancer may relate to urination abnormalities. […] Blood in the urine (hematuria): This is typically the first sign of bladder cancer. It may be present on a regular basis or disappear and reappear over the course of days or weeks. […] Early-stage bladder cancer doesn’t usually cause pain or other symptoms besides bleeding. […] Changes in urination are more commonly a sign of a less serious condition, such as a benign tumor, infection, urinary tract infection, bladder stones, an overactive bladder or, in men, an enlarged prostate. But they also may be another early sign of bladder cancer symptoms. […] Symptoms of advanced or metastatic bladder cancer: When bladder tumors grow larger, or cancer cells spread to other areas of the body, they may cause symptoms including: Inability to urinate, Lower back pain, generally focused on one side, Weakness or fatigue, Feet swelling, Bone pain, Pelvic pain, Unexplained weight loss, Appetite loss. […] If bladder cancer has spread, or metastasized, to another part of the body, it may cause symptoms related to that body part.

• #20 Bladder Cancer Symptoms: 5 Warning Signs You Shouldn’t Ignore – Bladder Cancer Advocacy Network

  https://bcan.org/facing-bladder-cancer/bladder-cancer-signs-symptoms/

  When you experience pain in your abdomen that comes and goes or does not go away. […] Constantly feeling tired or tiring easily. […] Pain in your lower back that does not feel the same as a pulled muscle or disk problems. […] Losing weight without trying or losing interest in eating. […] Being unable to urinate […] Loss of appetite and weight loss […] Overwhelming feeling of being tired or weak […] Pain in your bones […] Pain in your lower back on one side. […] If you are experiencing any of these bladder cancer symptoms, we strongly recommend that you go see your primary doctor, or a urologist, for a proper diagnosis.

• #21 Bladder Cancer Symptoms: Early and Late Stage

  https://www.healthline.com/health/bladder-cancer/symptoms-of-bladder-cancer

  Symptoms in people with advanced bladder cancer may include: abdominal pain, lower extremity swelling from compression of iliac blood vessels, flank pain from ureter obstruction. […] Bladder cancer that has grown large or spread to other areas may cause symptoms such as: inability to urinate (urinary stricture), lower back pain on one side, bone pain, swelling in your feet, fatigue, loss of appetite, unintentional weight loss.

• #22 Symptoms of metastatic bladder cancer | Cancer Research UK

  https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/about-cancer/bladder-cancer/metastatic/symptoms

  The most common symptom if cancer has spread to the bone is bone pain. It is usually there most of the time and can wake you up at night. The pain can be a dull ache or stabbing pain. […] You might have any of the following symptoms if your cancer has spread to the liver: discomfort or pain on the right side of your tummy (abdomen), feeling sick, poor appetite and weight loss, a swollen tummy (called ascites), yellowing of the skin and whites of the eyes (jaundice), itchy skin. […] You may have any of these symptoms if cancer has spread to your lungs: a cough that doesn’t go away (often worse at night), breathlessness, ongoing chest infections, coughing up blood, a build up of fluid between the chest wall and the lung (a pleural effusion). […] When bladder cancer has spread, it can no longer be cured. But treatment can control it for some time and help to relieve symptoms.

• #23 Bladder cancer symptoms: early to advanced | The Royal Marsden

  https://www.royalmarsden.nhs.uk/private-care/news-and-blogs/bladder-cancer-symptoms-early-advanced

  As bladder cancer progresses, it can spread to other parts of the body. Your symptoms may differ depending on where the cancer has spread to. Lower back pain on one side and pelvic pain are often signs the cancer has spread into the surrounding tissue. Advanced symptoms include: Inability to urinate, Tiredness/fatigue, Pain in your bones, Feeling sick or unwell, Swelling in the feet and legs, Jaundice and lower abdominal pain, Loss of appetite and unintentional weight loss. […] If cancer spreads to your lungs, you may also experience breathlessness or persistent coughing. […] It’s important to remember that experiencing these symptoms does not immediately mean you have cancer. You will need to follow through with diagnostic tests arranged by your doctor to determine the cause of your symptoms. […] If caught in its early stage, bladder cancer is highly treatable. However, cancer can return 75% of early-stage bladder cancers do which is why follow-up testing is vital.

• #24 Symptoms of metastatic bladder cancer | Cancer Research UK

  https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/about-cancer/bladder-cancer/metastatic/symptoms

  The most common symptom if cancer has spread to the bone is bone pain. It is usually there most of the time and can wake you up at night. The pain can be a dull ache or stabbing pain. […] You might have any of the following symptoms if your cancer has spread to the liver: discomfort or pain on the right side of your tummy (abdomen), feeling sick, poor appetite and weight loss, a swollen tummy (called ascites), yellowing of the skin and whites of the eyes (jaundice), itchy skin. […] You may have any of these symptoms if cancer has spread to your lungs: a cough that doesn’t go away (often worse at night), breathlessness, ongoing chest infections, coughing up blood, a build up of fluid between the chest wall and the lung (a pleural effusion). […] When bladder cancer has spread, it can no longer be cured. But treatment can control it for some time and help to relieve symptoms.

• #25 Symptoms of metastatic bladder cancer | Cancer Research UK

  https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/about-cancer/bladder-cancer/metastatic/symptoms

  The most common symptom if cancer has spread to the bone is bone pain. It is usually there most of the time and can wake you up at night. The pain can be a dull ache or stabbing pain. […] You might have any of the following symptoms if your cancer has spread to the liver: discomfort or pain on the right side of your tummy (abdomen), feeling sick, poor appetite and weight loss, a swollen tummy (called ascites), yellowing of the skin and whites of the eyes (jaundice), itchy skin. […] You may have any of these symptoms if cancer has spread to your lungs: a cough that doesn’t go away (often worse at night), breathlessness, ongoing chest infections, coughing up blood, a build up of fluid between the chest wall and the lung (a pleural effusion). […] When bladder cancer has spread, it can no longer be cured. But treatment can control it for some time and help to relieve symptoms.

• #26 Symptoms of metastatic bladder cancer | Cancer Research UK

  https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/about-cancer/bladder-cancer/metastatic/symptoms

  The most common symptom if cancer has spread to the bone is bone pain. It is usually there most of the time and can wake you up at night. The pain can be a dull ache or stabbing pain. […] You might have any of the following symptoms if your cancer has spread to the liver: discomfort or pain on the right side of your tummy (abdomen), feeling sick, poor appetite and weight loss, a swollen tummy (called ascites), yellowing of the skin and whites of the eyes (jaundice), itchy skin. […] You may have any of these symptoms if cancer has spread to your lungs: a cough that doesn’t go away (often worse at night), breathlessness, ongoing chest infections, coughing up blood, a build up of fluid between the chest wall and the lung (a pleural effusion). […] When bladder cancer has spread, it can no longer be cured. But treatment can control it for some time and help to relieve symptoms.

• #27 Bladder Cancer: Symptoms, Causes & Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/14326-bladder-cancer

  Blood in your pee (urine) is the most common bladder cancer symptom. […] Other bladder cancer symptoms include: Pain when you pee (dysuria): This is a burning or stinging sensation that you may feel when you start to pee or after you pee. […] Bladder cancer happens when certain cells in the tissue lining your bladder mutate or change, becoming abnormal cells that multiply and cause tumors in your bladder. Left untreated, bladder cancer may grow through your bladder walls to nearby lymph nodes and then other areas of your body, including your bones, lungs or liver. […] Bladder cancer can be either early stage (confined to the lining of your bladder) or invasive (penetrating your bladder wall and possibly spreading to nearby organs or lymph nodes). […] Left untreated, bladder cancer may spread to other parts of your body. Cancer thats metastasized, or spread, may affect how long youll live with bladder cancer. Like many types of cancer, early detection and treatment increase the chance of living longer with bladder cancer.

• #28 Bladder cancer | NHS inform

  https://www.nhsinform.scot/illnesses-and-conditions/cancer/cancer-types-in-adults/bladder-cancer/

  Bladder cancer is where a growth of abnormal tissue, known as a tumour, develops in the bladder lining. In some cases, the tumour spreads into the surrounding muscles. […] The most common symptom of bladder cancer is blood in your urine, which is usually painless. […] Blood in your urine is the most common symptom of bladder cancer. […] The medical name for this is haematuria and its usually painless. You may notice streaks of blood in your urine or the blood may turn your urine brown. The blood isnt always noticeable and it may come and go. […] If bladder cancer reaches an advanced stage and begins to spread, symptoms can include pelvic pain, bone pain, unintentional weight loss, and swelling of the legs. […] Bladder cancer usually begins in the cells of the bladder lining. In some cases, it may spread into surrounding bladder muscle. If the cancer penetrates this muscle, it can spread to other parts of the body, usually through the lymphatic system. […] If bladder cancer spreads to other parts of the body, such as other organs, its known as metastatic bladder cancer.

• #29 Bladder Cancer Symptoms & Diagnosis | Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center (HICCC) – New York

  https://www.cancer.columbia.edu/cancer-types-care/types/bladder-cancer/about-bladder-cancer

  Bladder cancer is the second most common cancer of the urinary system after prostate cancer. About 67,200 people are diagnosed with bladder cancer in the US each year. […] Most bladder cancers start in the innermost layer of your bladder. It probably hasn’t grown into the muscle layer when it’s diagnosed. This noninvasive cancer can usually be removed using a lighted fiberoptic tube called a cystoscope. […] When bladder cancer is caught early, it is treatable and may be curable. But because bladder cancer can come back (recur), continuous surveillance after treatment is necessary. […] When the cancer spreads into the deep muscular wall called invasive cancer removing it requires more extensive surgery, chemotherapy, and radiation treatment. Invasive cancer is more likely to spread to other organs.

• #30 Bladder Cancer – Symptoms, Risk Factors & Treatments | UC Health

  https://www.uchealth.com/en/conditions/bladder-cancer

  Common symptoms of bladder cancer include: […] Blood in your urine. Blood is often the first sign of bladder cancer. The color of urine may be pink or deep red, depending on the amount of blood. You may have clots of blood in the urine. […] Change in urinary habits. This can include urinating more often than normal. You may feel an urgent need to urinate, have trouble urinating, or have a weak stream of urine. You may experience burning or pain when urinating. […] Lower back pain. […] Many of these may be caused by other health problems. But it’s important to see a healthcare provider if you have these symptoms. Only a healthcare provider can tell if you have cancer. […] As cancer cells multiply, the tumor grows. Bladder cancer begins in the inner lining of the bladder and often doesn’t grow beyond that layer. As the tumor gets larger, it may grow into deeper layers of the bladder. It may also spread to nearby organs, such as the prostate in men or the uterus in women. Cells can break off from the main tumor and enter the bloodstream or lymph nodes. Blood or lymph then carries the cells to other parts of the body, such as the bones, liver, or lungs, where a new tumor may form (metastasis.) The stage of cancer is based on where the cancer is and how much it has grown and spread.

• #31 Bladder Cancer – Symptoms, Risk Factors & Treatments | UC Health

  https://www.uchealth.com/en/conditions/bladder-cancer

  At the superficial stage (noninvasive), the tumor is only in the bladder lining and submucosal layer of the bladder. […] At the invasive stage, the tumor has begun to grow into the muscle or fat layers of the wall of the bladder. […] At the metastatic stage, cancer cells from the main tumor have spread beyond the bladder to other parts of the body.

• #32 Bladder Cancer – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK536923/

  Bladder cancer can range from noninvasive forms that are confined to the inner layers of the bladder to invasive types that penetrate deeper and can spread to other parts of the body. […] Low-grade papillary NMIBC can progress to a muscle-invading malignancy in about 10% of cases due to cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 2A loss. […] Muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC) arises from flat dysplasia or carcinoma in situ and is characterized by the following: The lesions show TP53 mutations and loss of heterozygosity of chromosome 9. […] The most critical characteristics related to bladder cancer’s aggressiveness and prognosis are its degree of invasiveness (penetration) into the bladder wall and its tumor cellular grade. […] Non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer is urothelial carcinoma that is confined to the mucosa and submucosa as it does not penetrate through the lamina propria into the underlying muscle layer.

• #33 Bladder Cancer – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK536923/

  Muscle-invasive bladder cancer penetrates the lamina propria and enters the superficial or deep muscle layers of the bladder. […] The most critical factor in the pathological assessment of urothelial carcinoma is identifying the extent of invasion to set proper staging, followed by the tumor grade. […] The prognosis of urothelial bladder cancer depends on multiple factors. TNM stage is the single most important prognostic factor of urinary bladder carcinoma. The 5-year overall survival for pT1 is 75%, pT2 is 50%, and pT3 is 20%. Invasion of the muscularis propria determines whether the patient’s staging is pT1 (NMIBC) or pT2 (MIBC).

• #34 Patient education: Bladder cancer diagnosis and staging (Beyond the Basics) – UpToDate

  https://www.uptodate.com/contents/bladder-cancer-diagnosis-and-staging-beyond-the-basics

  Staging — Bladder cancer staging is based upon how far the cancer has penetrated into the tissues of the bladder, whether the cancer involves lymph nodes near the bladder, and whether the cancer has spread beyond the bladder to other organs. […] After the diagnosis of bladder cancer is confirmed, one or more tests may be performed to stage the disease. This may include a chest x-ray, and CT scan or MRI of the pelvis. […] […] […] Grading — A cancer’s grade refers to how the cancer cells appear under the microscope. Grade is one factor used to predict how likely the cancer is to recur after treatment and, ultimately, the person’s chance of surviving his or her cancer. Bladder tumors are classified as either low or high grade. Low-grade cancers can recur but rarely invade. High-grade cancers are more likely to recur and become invasive.

• #35 Bladder cancer – Symptoms and causes – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/bladder-cancer/symptoms-causes/syc-20356104

  Bladder cancer symptoms are usually clear and easy to notice. If any of these symptoms are present, it may be worth making an appointment to see a doctor: Blood in the urine, frequent urination, painful urination or back pain. […] Bladder cancer signs and symptoms may include: Blood in urine (hematuria), which may cause urine to appear bright red or cola colored, though sometimes the urine appears normal and blood is detected on a lab test, Frequent urination, Painful urination, Back pain. […] Most bladder cancers are diagnosed at an early stage, when the cancer is highly treatable. But even early-stage bladder cancers can come back after successful treatment. For this reason, people with bladder cancer typically need follow-up tests for years after treatment to look for bladder cancer that recurs.

• #36 Bladder Cancer: Practice Essentials, Background, Anatomy

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/438262-overview

  Bladder cancer has the highest recurrence rate of any malignancy. Although most patients with bladder cancer can be treated with organ-sparing therapy, most experience either recurrence or progression, creating a great need for accurate and diligent surveillance. […] The clinical course of bladder cancer is marked by a broad spectrum of aggressiveness and risk. Low-grade, superficial bladder cancers have minimal risk of progression to death; however, high-grade nonmuscle-invasive cancers frequently progress, and muscle-invasive cancers are often lethal. […] The risk of progression, defined as an increased tumor grade or stage, depends primarily on the tumor grade.

• #37 Bladder Cancer: Practice Essentials, Background, Anatomy

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/438262-overview

  Bladder cancer has the highest recurrence rate of any malignancy. Although most patients with bladder cancer can be treated with organ-sparing therapy, most experience either recurrence or progression, creating a great need for accurate and diligent surveillance. […] The clinical course of bladder cancer is marked by a broad spectrum of aggressiveness and risk. Low-grade, superficial bladder cancers have minimal risk of progression to death; however, high-grade nonmuscle-invasive cancers frequently progress, and muscle-invasive cancers are often lethal. […] The risk of progression, defined as an increased tumor grade or stage, depends primarily on the tumor grade.

• #38 Stage 0 Bladder Cancer

  https://www.texasoncology.com/types-of-cancer/bladder-cancer/stage-0-bladder-cancer

  Patients with Stage 0 (Ta or Tis) bladder cancer have the earliest stage of bladder cancer that involves only the surface layer of the bladder. […] Both non-invasive papillary carcinoma and carcinoma in situ are classified as superficial bladder cancers. […] Standard treatment of superficial bladder cancer is surgical removal and adjuvant therapy to decrease the risk of recurrent cancer or progression to more invasive disease. […] Despite standard treatment, the majority of patients with superficial bladder cancer experience recurrence of their cancer. […] Carcinoma in situ is a superficial bladder cancer that is confined to the surface layer of the bladder. […] Furthermore, CIS is more likely than papillary carcinoma to lead to invasive bladder cancer. […] Within 15 or 20 years, more than half of surviving patients will have experienced progressive cancer or have developed new cancers, including cancers of the upper urinary tract (ureters and pelvis of the kidney).

• #39 Stage 0 Bladder Cancer

  https://www.texasoncology.com/types-of-cancer/bladder-cancer/stage-0-bladder-cancer

  However, approximately 25% of patients treated for superficial bladder cancer will ultimately die of bladder cancer. […] Since the risk of developing invasive bladder cancer never goes away, it is important to have frequent follow-up examinations (cystoscopy) no matter what form of therapy is selected. […] It is extremely important to detect early progression because there are effective treatments for small invasive bladder cancers. […] The goal of adjuvant therapy is to improve the chance of cure, prevent cancer from recurring or progressing to a worse stage, and/or improve the duration of overall survival. […] Patients with carcinoma in situ are at particular risk not only for superficial cancer recurrences, but also for progression to more aggressive invasive bladder cancers. […] Compared to treatment of superficial bladder cancer with TUR alone, treatment with TUR and intravesical BCG reduces the risk of recurrence and may also reduce the risk of cancer progression.

• #40 Bladder Cancer: Practice Essentials, Background, Anatomy

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/438262-overview

  Bladder cancer has the highest recurrence rate of any malignancy. Although most patients with bladder cancer can be treated with organ-sparing therapy, most experience either recurrence or progression, creating a great need for accurate and diligent surveillance. […] The clinical course of bladder cancer is marked by a broad spectrum of aggressiveness and risk. Low-grade, superficial bladder cancers have minimal risk of progression to death; however, high-grade nonmuscle-invasive cancers frequently progress, and muscle-invasive cancers are often lethal. […] The risk of progression, defined as an increased tumor grade or stage, depends primarily on the tumor grade.

• #41 Bladder Cancer – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK536923/

  Bladder cancer can range from noninvasive forms that are confined to the inner layers of the bladder to invasive types that penetrate deeper and can spread to other parts of the body. […] Low-grade papillary NMIBC can progress to a muscle-invading malignancy in about 10% of cases due to cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 2A loss. […] Muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC) arises from flat dysplasia or carcinoma in situ and is characterized by the following: The lesions show TP53 mutations and loss of heterozygosity of chromosome 9. […] The most critical characteristics related to bladder cancer’s aggressiveness and prognosis are its degree of invasiveness (penetration) into the bladder wall and its tumor cellular grade. […] Non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer is urothelial carcinoma that is confined to the mucosa and submucosa as it does not penetrate through the lamina propria into the underlying muscle layer.

• #42 Bladder Cancer – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK536923/

  Muscle-invasive bladder cancer penetrates the lamina propria and enters the superficial or deep muscle layers of the bladder. […] The most critical factor in the pathological assessment of urothelial carcinoma is identifying the extent of invasion to set proper staging, followed by the tumor grade. […] The prognosis of urothelial bladder cancer depends on multiple factors. TNM stage is the single most important prognostic factor of urinary bladder carcinoma. The 5-year overall survival for pT1 is 75%, pT2 is 50%, and pT3 is 20%. Invasion of the muscularis propria determines whether the patient’s staging is pT1 (NMIBC) or pT2 (MIBC).

• #43 Bladder cancer Information | Mount Sinai – New York

  https://www.mountsinai.org/health-library/diseases-conditions/bladder-cancer

  Bladder cancer is a cancer that starts in the bladder. The bladder is the body part that holds and releases urine. It is in the center of the lower abdomen. […] Symptoms of bladder cancer can include: Abdominal pain, Blood in the urine, Bone pain or tenderness if the cancer spreads to the bone, Fatigue, Painful urination, Urinary frequency and urgency, Urine leakage (incontinence), Weight loss. […] Other diseases and conditions can cause similar symptoms. It is important to see your health care provider to check for all other possible causes. […] If tests confirm you have bladder cancer, additional tests will be done to see if the cancer has spread. This is called staging. Staging helps guide future treatment and follow-up and gives you some idea of what to expect in the future. […] The outlook for stage 0 or I cancers is fairly good. Although the risk for the cancer returning is high, most bladder cancers that return can be surgically removed and cured. […] The cure rates for people with stage III tumors are less than 50%. People with stage IV bladder cancer are rarely cured. […] Bladder cancers may spread into the nearby organs. They may also travel through the pelvic lymph nodes and spread to the liver, lungs, and bones.

• #44 Bladder Cancer – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK536923/

  Muscle-invasive bladder cancer penetrates the lamina propria and enters the superficial or deep muscle layers of the bladder. […] The most critical factor in the pathological assessment of urothelial carcinoma is identifying the extent of invasion to set proper staging, followed by the tumor grade. […] The prognosis of urothelial bladder cancer depends on multiple factors. TNM stage is the single most important prognostic factor of urinary bladder carcinoma. The 5-year overall survival for pT1 is 75%, pT2 is 50%, and pT3 is 20%. Invasion of the muscularis propria determines whether the patient’s staging is pT1 (NMIBC) or pT2 (MIBC).

• #45 Patient education: Bladder cancer diagnosis and staging (Beyond the Basics) – UpToDate

  https://www.uptodate.com/contents/bladder-cancer-diagnosis-and-staging-beyond-the-basics

  Staging — Bladder cancer staging is based upon how far the cancer has penetrated into the tissues of the bladder, whether the cancer involves lymph nodes near the bladder, and whether the cancer has spread beyond the bladder to other organs. […] After the diagnosis of bladder cancer is confirmed, one or more tests may be performed to stage the disease. This may include a chest x-ray, and CT scan or MRI of the pelvis. […] […] […] Grading — A cancer’s grade refers to how the cancer cells appear under the microscope. Grade is one factor used to predict how likely the cancer is to recur after treatment and, ultimately, the person’s chance of surviving his or her cancer. Bladder tumors are classified as either low or high grade. Low-grade cancers can recur but rarely invade. High-grade cancers are more likely to recur and become invasive.

• #46 Patient education: Bladder cancer diagnosis and staging (Beyond the Basics) – UpToDate

  https://www.uptodate.com/contents/bladder-cancer-diagnosis-and-staging-beyond-the-basics

  In noninvasive tumors, the grade may be low or high, while almost all invasive cancers (tumor stage T1 and greater) are high grade. […] Risk grouping (low, intermediate, or high risk) — Several factors are used to describe a bladder cancer as low, intermediate, or high risk based upon the likelihood of cancer recurrence and progressions. These factors include the size, number, and appearance of the tumor(s), if it recurs, and how deeply it invades into the bladder. These risk groupings impact the type of treatment used by clinicians. […] A person whose cancer is low risk may be able to have less aggressive treatment and follow-up, whereas a person with higher-risk bladder cancer may require more aggressive treatment and more frequent follow-up.

• #47 Bladder Cancer in Women – Signs, Symptoms and Treatments

  https://bcan.org/women-bladder-cancer/

  Bladder cancer has long been considered a disease of older men. Though it is more prevalent in men, studies have shown that women are more likely to present more advanced tumors at diagnosis. […] The most common signblood in the urinecan be visible (though it may sometimes appear dark brown or orange) but can sometimes only be detected under a microscopic examination. […] Close to 30 percent of bladder cancer patients experience burning, frequent urination, or a sensation of incomplete emptying when they urinate. […] If you experience any of these symptoms, see your doctor immediately. […] Many women ignore the most basic symptomblood in the urine. […] Men are at a higher risk of developing bladder cancer. However, women present with more advanced diseases and have more unfavorable outcomes.

• #48 Bladder Cancer in Women – Signs, Symptoms and Treatments

  https://bcan.org/women-bladder-cancer/

  The first signs often include blood in the urine, frequent urination, and painful urination. Early detection is crucial for better outcomes. […] Bladder cancer is more common in men, but women often experience more advanced stages of the disease at diagnosis, leading to a higher mortality rate. […] If you experience symptoms such as blood in the urine, frequent urination, or pelvic pain, consult a healthcare provider promptly for evaluation and possible diagnostic testing. […] Bladder cancer can mimic a urinary tract infection (UTI). The two conditions share several common symptoms, which can make it challenging to differentiate between them without proper medical evaluation.

• #49 What to Know About Bladder Cancer In Women | Cxbladder

  https://www.cxbladder.com/us/blog/bladder-cancer-in-women/

  Bladder cancer develops when your healthy bladder lining cells begin changing and growing out of control, forming a tumor. […] While it does occur more in men, research shows women are more likely to show up at the doctor’s office with more advanced tumors than men and have a worse outcome at just about every stage of the condition. […] This is because women might not recognize the disease’s early symptoms. Blood in the urine is a common early bladder cancer symptom and the simplest one for women to overlook, mainly since it usually doesn’t come with any pain and can go several weeks or months between occurrences. […] According to a National Cancer Institute report, women’s survival rate with bladder cancer falls behind that of men at all disease stages. […] Blood in your urine is often the first and most common early symptom of bladder cancer you experience. It could be a slight amount, or it can turn your urine color to pink, orange or darker red.

• #50 What to Know About Bladder Cancer In Women | Cxbladder

  https://www.cxbladder.com/us/blog/bladder-cancer-in-women/

  Bladder cancer develops when your healthy bladder lining cells begin changing and growing out of control, forming a tumor. […] While it does occur more in men, research shows women are more likely to show up at the doctor’s office with more advanced tumors than men and have a worse outcome at just about every stage of the condition. […] This is because women might not recognize the disease’s early symptoms. Blood in the urine is a common early bladder cancer symptom and the simplest one for women to overlook, mainly since it usually doesn’t come with any pain and can go several weeks or months between occurrences. […] According to a National Cancer Institute report, women’s survival rate with bladder cancer falls behind that of men at all disease stages. […] Blood in your urine is often the first and most common early symptom of bladder cancer you experience. It could be a slight amount, or it can turn your urine color to pink, orange or darker red.

• #51 Interpreting Bladder Cancer Symptoms in Men vs. Women: What You Should Know | Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center

  https://www.mskcc.org/news/interpreting-bladder-cancer-symptoms-men-vs-women-what-you-should-know

  Medical oncologist Emily Feld says the same bladder cancer symptoms may be interpreted differently in woman compared with men. […] Symptoms are mostly the same in men and women. The most common symptom of bladder cancer is blood in the urine, known as hematuria. (It is usually not painful.) […] Other signs of bladder cancer include: Irritation, pain, or burning while urinating; Feeling a need to urinate immediately, even when the bladder is not full; Pelvic pain; Unexplained weight loss. […] Symptoms of bladder cancer can be very similar to those of urinary tract infections, which are common in women, says Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (MSK) medical oncologist and genitourinary cancer specialist Emily Feld. […] Hematuria, even when it is painless, is not something to ignore. […] Anyone who sees blood in their urine should notify a doctor or urologist immediately. […] Blood in the urine can come from either the bladder or upper urinary tract (the kidneys and ureters), and a CT urogram will evaluate the entire urinary system, Dr. Feld says.

• #52 Interpreting Bladder Cancer Symptoms in Men vs. Women: What You Should Know | Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center

  https://www.mskcc.org/news/interpreting-bladder-cancer-symptoms-men-vs-women-what-you-should-know

  Medical oncologist Emily Feld says the same bladder cancer symptoms may be interpreted differently in woman compared with men. […] Symptoms are mostly the same in men and women. The most common symptom of bladder cancer is blood in the urine, known as hematuria. (It is usually not painful.) […] Other signs of bladder cancer include: Irritation, pain, or burning while urinating; Feeling a need to urinate immediately, even when the bladder is not full; Pelvic pain; Unexplained weight loss. […] Symptoms of bladder cancer can be very similar to those of urinary tract infections, which are common in women, says Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (MSK) medical oncologist and genitourinary cancer specialist Emily Feld. […] Hematuria, even when it is painless, is not something to ignore. […] Anyone who sees blood in their urine should notify a doctor or urologist immediately. […] Blood in the urine can come from either the bladder or upper urinary tract (the kidneys and ureters), and a CT urogram will evaluate the entire urinary system, Dr. Feld says.

• #53 Action Bladder Cancer UK

  https://actionbladdercanceruk.org/symptoms/

  It is very important that you visit your GP as soon as you notice anything unusual – the earlier that bladder cancer is diagnosed, the more quickly it can be treated and the better the outcome. […] The most common symptom of bladder cancer is when someone passes blood in their urine when they go to the toilet (called Visible or Macroscopic Haematuria). Your urine could look pink, red or rusty/brown coloured. It might be very slight or sometimes the bleeding can be heavy, and you might see streaks or clots in the urine. […] It is very important that you go to see your doctor at the first sign of blood. Even if it goes away for now – don’t wait. […] Bladder cancer symptoms in women can be tricky to notice. If you are still having periods it can be difficult to decide whether the blood is in your urine or part of your period.

• #54 Bladder Cancer: Symptoms, Causes, Stages and Treatment | Ada

  https://ada.com/conditions/bladder-cancer/

  Women are more likely to be diagnosed with later stages of bladder cancer. Bladder cancer symptoms in women are likely to be the same as in men, but many women ignore the main symptom of blood in the urine, which they may associate with menstruation or menopause. […] The treatment required depends on the exact type of bladder cancer and the extent to which it has spread. Treatments usually differ significantly between non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer and muscle-invasive bladder cancer. […] In many cases, bladder cancer can be cured. However, the likelihood of this depends upon the type of bladder cancer and what stage it is at. People who have non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer have a fairly high chance of recovery. People with muscle-invasive bladder cancer can sometimes make a full recovery. Bladder cancer that has spread to other parts of the body tends to be much more difficult to cure, but some people do have long-term positive responses to treatment. […] Non-muscle invasive bladder cancer has a good prognosis, with 5-year survival rates of 82 to 100 percent. The 5-year survival rate decreases with increasing stage.

• #55 Bladder cancer – Symptoms and causes – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/bladder-cancer/symptoms-causes/syc-20356104

  Bladder cancer symptoms are usually clear and easy to notice. If any of these symptoms are present, it may be worth making an appointment to see a doctor: Blood in the urine, frequent urination, painful urination or back pain. […] Bladder cancer signs and symptoms may include: Blood in urine (hematuria), which may cause urine to appear bright red or cola colored, though sometimes the urine appears normal and blood is detected on a lab test, Frequent urination, Painful urination, Back pain. […] Most bladder cancers are diagnosed at an early stage, when the cancer is highly treatable. But even early-stage bladder cancers can come back after successful treatment. For this reason, people with bladder cancer typically need follow-up tests for years after treatment to look for bladder cancer that recurs.

• #56 4 Bladder Cancer Symptoms You Shouldn’t Ignore

  https://www.aarp.org/health/conditions-treatments/info-2022/bladder-cancer-symptoms.html

  Many people are surprised to hear that its bladder cancer, says Bernard Bochner, a urologic surgeon at Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center in New York City. […] According to the American Cancer Society, about 61,700 U.S. men and 19,480 women will be diagnosed with bladder cancer this year; 12,120 men and 4,980 women will die from it. […] When caught in its earliest form, bladder cancer is highly treatable, with 96 percent of patients surviving five years, according to the National Cancer Institute. The survival rate for all stages combined is 77 percent. […] Here are four possible warning signs you should never ignore: […] The first sign of bladder cancer may be blood you see in your urine stream or in the toilet bowl. Usually, its pink or red and isnt accompanied by any pain, Bochner says.

• #57 Bladder cancer – Symptoms and causes – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/bladder-cancer/symptoms-causes/syc-20356104

  Bladder cancer symptoms are usually clear and easy to notice. If any of these symptoms are present, it may be worth making an appointment to see a doctor: Blood in the urine, frequent urination, painful urination or back pain. […] Bladder cancer signs and symptoms may include: Blood in urine (hematuria), which may cause urine to appear bright red or cola colored, though sometimes the urine appears normal and blood is detected on a lab test, Frequent urination, Painful urination, Back pain. […] Most bladder cancers are diagnosed at an early stage, when the cancer is highly treatable. But even early-stage bladder cancers can come back after successful treatment. For this reason, people with bladder cancer typically need follow-up tests for years after treatment to look for bladder cancer that recurs.

• #58 Bladder cancer symptoms: early to advanced | The Royal Marsden

  https://www.royalmarsden.nhs.uk/private-care/news-and-blogs/bladder-cancer-symptoms-early-advanced

  As bladder cancer progresses, it can spread to other parts of the body. Your symptoms may differ depending on where the cancer has spread to. Lower back pain on one side and pelvic pain are often signs the cancer has spread into the surrounding tissue. Advanced symptoms include: Inability to urinate, Tiredness/fatigue, Pain in your bones, Feeling sick or unwell, Swelling in the feet and legs, Jaundice and lower abdominal pain, Loss of appetite and unintentional weight loss. […] If cancer spreads to your lungs, you may also experience breathlessness or persistent coughing. […] It’s important to remember that experiencing these symptoms does not immediately mean you have cancer. You will need to follow through with diagnostic tests arranged by your doctor to determine the cause of your symptoms. […] If caught in its early stage, bladder cancer is highly treatable. However, cancer can return 75% of early-stage bladder cancers do which is why follow-up testing is vital.

• #59 ‘How I knew I had bladder cancer’: 3 survivors’ first symptoms | MD Anderson Cancer Center

  https://www.mdanderson.org/cancerwise/how-i-knew-i-had-bladder-cancer—3-survivors–first-symptoms.h00-159701490.html

  Bladder cancer is a disease of the urinary tract. So, most bladder cancer symptoms will affect urination in some way. […] The most common bladder cancer symptom far and away is blood in the urine, says urologic surgeon Thomas Smith, M.D. […] Blood in the urine, or hematuria, is the most common symptom Smith sees in bladder cancer patients. […] You cant always go by how you feel. I felt completely fine, but I had blood in my urine. […] As soon as you notice them, says Smith. Never ignore a symptom, even if it seems minor or only happens one time.

• #60 Bladder Cancer Symptoms: 5 Warning Signs You Shouldn’t Ignore – Bladder Cancer Advocacy Network

  https://bcan.org/facing-bladder-cancer/bladder-cancer-signs-symptoms/

  When caught it its early stages, bladder cancer can be highly treatable. Thats why its important to know the signs and symptoms of bladder cancer. […] The main warning sign of bladder cancer is painless blood in the urine, called gross hematuria. […] Remember: blood in your urine is NEVER normal. […] Pain when urinating, urgency, frequency and a constant need to urinate may be symptoms a bladder cancer patient initially experiences. […] Urination urgency, or feeling like you must pee immediately, can be a sign of bladder cancer. […] For late bladder cancer patient Pat, she shared her experience with frequent urination: I started having to get up at night to go to the bathroom. […] Sometimes, the urgent need to urinate is accompanied by the inability to empty your bladder. […] Other symptoms that may be indicative of bladder cancer include:

• #61 Bladder Cancer Symptoms | Cancer Council NSW

  https://www.cancercouncil.com.au/bladder-cancer/symptoms/

  Not everyone with these symptoms has bladder cancer, but if you have any of these symptoms or are concerned, see your doctor as soon as possible. […] Never ignore blood in your urine. If you notice any blood in your urine, see your doctor and arrange to see a specialist to have your bladder examined. The earlier bladder cancer is detected, the easier it is to treat.

• #62 Patient education: Bladder cancer diagnosis and staging (Beyond the Basics) – UpToDate

  https://www.uptodate.com/contents/bladder-cancer-diagnosis-and-staging-beyond-the-basics/print

  Bladder cancer is more common in males and older adults (the average age at diagnosis is 73 years). […] The initial signs and symptoms of bladder cancer are often mistaken for those of a urinary tract infection, enlarged prostate, or kidney stone. […] The most common symptoms include the following: Hematuria (blood in the urine) — The most common sign of bladder cancer is blood in the urine (hematuria). Hematuria caused by cancer is usually visible (turning the urine pink or red), intermittent, and not painful. […] Pain may also be a sign of bladder cancer. Pain may develop in the flank (the sides of the mid-back), above the pubic bone, or in the perineum (the area between the genitals and anus). […] Although most people with bladder cancer do not have symptoms, some do have voiding (urinating) symptoms, such as needing to urinate frequently or urgently during the day or night and leaking urine on the way to the bathroom. […] Other symptoms of bladder cancer, such as fatigue, weight loss, and lack of appetite, usually are not present until the late (more advanced) stages of bladder cancer.

• #63 Patient education: Bladder cancer diagnosis and staging (Beyond the Basics) – UpToDate

  https://www.uptodate.com/contents/bladder-cancer-diagnosis-and-staging-beyond-the-basics

  Staging — Bladder cancer staging is based upon how far the cancer has penetrated into the tissues of the bladder, whether the cancer involves lymph nodes near the bladder, and whether the cancer has spread beyond the bladder to other organs. […] After the diagnosis of bladder cancer is confirmed, one or more tests may be performed to stage the disease. This may include a chest x-ray, and CT scan or MRI of the pelvis. […] […] […] Grading — A cancer’s grade refers to how the cancer cells appear under the microscope. Grade is one factor used to predict how likely the cancer is to recur after treatment and, ultimately, the person’s chance of surviving his or her cancer. Bladder tumors are classified as either low or high grade. Low-grade cancers can recur but rarely invade. High-grade cancers are more likely to recur and become invasive.

• #64 4 Bladder Cancer Symptoms You Shouldn’t Ignore

  https://www.aarp.org/health/conditions-treatments/info-2022/bladder-cancer-symptoms.html

  Most people with early bladder cancer feel no pain. But sometimes, the cancer can cause painful urination or flank pain, between the abdomen and lower back on one side. […] Some people with bladder cancer dont notice symptoms until their cancer is more advanced. Advanced cancer can cause symptoms such as weight loss, loss of appetite, swollen feet and bone pain, according to the American Cancer Society. […] If your symptoms dont have other good explanations, your primary doctor may send you to a urologist, a doctor who specializes in urinary tract problems. […] To find or rule out bladder cancer, you may get several tests, including a CT scan, MRI scan or ultrasound and urine tests to look for abnormal cells that could be cancerous. […] A more definitive test is a procedure called a cystoscopy, in which a doctor looks inside the bladder using a thin lighted tube passed through the urethra. If you have cancer, its often visible as a cauliflower-like growth or a flat red patch, Lotan says.

• #65 Patient education: Bladder cancer diagnosis and staging (Beyond the Basics) – UpToDate

  https://www.uptodate.com/contents/bladder-cancer-diagnosis-and-staging-beyond-the-basics

  Staging — Bladder cancer staging is based upon how far the cancer has penetrated into the tissues of the bladder, whether the cancer involves lymph nodes near the bladder, and whether the cancer has spread beyond the bladder to other organs. […] After the diagnosis of bladder cancer is confirmed, one or more tests may be performed to stage the disease. This may include a chest x-ray, and CT scan or MRI of the pelvis. […] […] […] Grading — A cancer’s grade refers to how the cancer cells appear under the microscope. Grade is one factor used to predict how likely the cancer is to recur after treatment and, ultimately, the person’s chance of surviving his or her cancer. Bladder tumors are classified as either low or high grade. Low-grade cancers can recur but rarely invade. High-grade cancers are more likely to recur and become invasive.

• #66 Patient education: Bladder cancer diagnosis and staging (Beyond the Basics) – UpToDate

  https://www.uptodate.com/contents/bladder-cancer-diagnosis-and-staging-beyond-the-basics

  In noninvasive tumors, the grade may be low or high, while almost all invasive cancers (tumor stage T1 and greater) are high grade. […] Risk grouping (low, intermediate, or high risk) — Several factors are used to describe a bladder cancer as low, intermediate, or high risk based upon the likelihood of cancer recurrence and progressions. These factors include the size, number, and appearance of the tumor(s), if it recurs, and how deeply it invades into the bladder. These risk groupings impact the type of treatment used by clinicians. […] A person whose cancer is low risk may be able to have less aggressive treatment and follow-up, whereas a person with higher-risk bladder cancer may require more aggressive treatment and more frequent follow-up.

• #67 Stages of bladder cancer: What they mean

  https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/stages-of-bladder-cancer

  Bladder cancer is a type of cancer that affects the bladders lining. It occurs when there is abnormal tissue growth in the lining of the bladder. […] The symptoms of bladder cancer may vary by stage and from one person to another. While symptoms may be mild at an early stage, a person may experience severe symptoms as the condition progresses. […] The most common symptom of bladder cancer is blood in the urine. […] Other, less common symptoms include a sudden need to urinate, urinating more frequently, and a burning sensation when urinating. […] At an advanced stage of the condition, a person may begin to experience symptoms, such as bone pain, pelvic pain, unexplained weight loss, and edema or swelling of the legs. […] Although a person may have mild symptoms at the onset of bladder cancer, these can become severe over time without early diagnosis and treatment.

• #68 Bladder Cancer in Women – Signs, Symptoms and Treatments

  https://bcan.org/women-bladder-cancer/

  The first signs often include blood in the urine, frequent urination, and painful urination. Early detection is crucial for better outcomes. […] Bladder cancer is more common in men, but women often experience more advanced stages of the disease at diagnosis, leading to a higher mortality rate. […] If you experience symptoms such as blood in the urine, frequent urination, or pelvic pain, consult a healthcare provider promptly for evaluation and possible diagnostic testing. […] Bladder cancer can mimic a urinary tract infection (UTI). The two conditions share several common symptoms, which can make it challenging to differentiate between them without proper medical evaluation.

• #69 Bladder Cancer Symptoms in Males and Females: Know the Signs

  https://www.webmd.com/cancer/bladder-cancer/understanding-bladder-cancer-symptoms

  At stage IVa, the cancer has spread to the abdominal wall or the pelvic wall. Symptoms include: Blood in your urine, Peeing more than usual, Pain or burning when passing urine, Feeling the urge to pee even if your bladder is not full, Frequent bladder infections. […] If you’re a woman and seeing blood in your urine, be sure to get it checked out, particularly if you’re no longer having a period. Pay attention to whether you have other signs of bladder cancer as well, like: Peeing more than usual, Pain or burning when passing urine, Feeling the urge to pee even if your bladder is not full, Frequent bladder infections. […] Symptoms of urinary bladder cancer are often similar to those of less-threatening conditions, like a urinary tract infection. The main bladder cancer sign is blood in your urine, but other symptoms include peeing more than usual, pain or burning when peeing, feeling the urge to pee even if your bladder isn’t full, and frequent bladder infections. If you have any of these, see a doctor.

• #70 Bladder Cancer Awareness Month – May 2025

  https://worldbladdercancer.org/awareness-month/

  Blood in the urine is the most important warning sign of bladder cancer to watch out for. […] Symptoms such as blood in the urine, painful urination, or irregular urination are often mistaken for other conditions, leading to delayed diagnoses. […] During this Bladder Cancer Awareness Month, we will spark conversations to raise awareness about bladder cancer by highlighting the symptoms of bladder cancer and overcoming any barriers to seeking medical advice.

• #71 What Are Bladder Cancer Symptoms and 9 Other Common Questions

  https://www.rockymountaincancercenters.com/blog/what-are-bladder-cancer-symptoms-and-9-other-common-questions

  One of the first symptoms of bladder cancer is blood in the urine. In its early stages, bladder cancer often causes no other symptoms. You might, however, experience these other bladder cancer symptoms: Abdominal pain […] Pain or burning during urination. Some symptoms overlap with urinary tract infections and other conditions, so the only way to know if you have bladder cancer is to get tested. Early detection is vital for the best outcome, so if you think you have bladder cancer, talk to your health care provider. […] How quickly bladder cancer grows depends on the grade or how the cancer looks under a microscope. Low-grade bladder cancer cells appear like normal bladder cells and typically grow slowly. High-grade bladder cancer cells are more abnormal in appearance and grow more quickly. High-grade bladder cancer is more challenging to treat than low-grade. […] Bladder cancer can spread to other parts of the body. Often, the first place bladder cancer spreads is to the lymph nodes in the pelvis. It can also spread to the bones, liver, and lungs.

• #72

  https://bladdercancercanada.org/en/bladder-cancer/bladder-cancer-symptoms-and-diagnosis/

  Shortness of breath or coughing […] Because the disease may have progressed unnoticed, it is critical to see a doctor once you begin to experience symptoms. […] Since there is currently no screening test for bladder cancer, most people are diagnosed after they show symptoms, such as blood in the urine. […] The earlier bladder cancer is diagnosed, the better the outcome.

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