Materiały źródłowe

• #1 Thyroid nodules – Symptoms & causes – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/thyroid-nodules/symptoms-causes/syc-20355262

  Most thyroid nodules aren’t serious and don’t cause symptoms. Only a small percentage of thyroid nodules are cancerous. […] Some thyroid nodules, however, may become large enough to be visible or make it difficult to swallow or breathe. […] Most thyroid nodules don’t cause signs or symptoms. But occasionally some nodules become so large that they can: Be felt, Be seen, often as a swelling at the base of your neck, Press on your windpipe or esophagus, causing shortness of breath or difficulty swallowing. […] In some cases, thyroid nodules produce additional thyroxine, a hormone secreted by your thyroid gland. The extra thyroxine can cause symptoms of an overproduction of thyroid hormones (hyperthyroidism), such as: Unexplained weight loss, Increased sweating, Tremor, Nervousness, Rapid or irregular heartbeat.

• #1 Thyroid Nodules: Causes, Symptoms & Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/13121-thyroid-nodule

  Most thyroid nodules dont cause symptoms. However, if you have several nodules or large nodules, you may be able to see them. […] In rare cases, nodules can grow big enough to cause symptoms like: Trouble with swallowing or breathing. Hoarseness or voice changes. Pain in the front of your neck. Enlargement of your thyroid gland (goiter). […] Hyperfunctioning thyroid nodules can lead to overproduction of thyroid hormones, also known as hyperthyroidism. Symptoms of hyperthyroidism include: Rapid heartbeat (palpitations). Feeling shaky and/or nervous. Weight loss. Increased appetite. Diarrhea and more frequent bowel movements. Difficulty sleeping. Enlarged thyroid gland (goiter). Light or missed menstrual periods. […] Thyroid nodules may also be associated with low thyroid hormone levels (hypothyroidism). Symptoms of hypothyroidism include: Fatigue. Numbness and tingling in your hands. Weight gain. Dry, coarse skin and hair. Constipation. Depression. Frequent, heavy menstrual periods.

• #1 Thyroid Nodules: What are Thyroid Nodules? Thyroid Nodules Symptoms, Treatment, Diagnosis – Endocrine Surgery | UCLA Health

  https://www.uclahealth.org/medical-services/surgery/endocrine-surgery/conditions-treated/thyroid/thyroid-nodules-thyroid-cancer

  Thyroid nodules are lumps or growths of the thyroid, usually made up of normal thyroid tissue or fluid. Thyroid nodules are frequently discovered on routine physical examination or unintentionally on imaging tests. […] Most thyroid nodules do not cause any symptoms. Some thyroid nodules show up as a painless lump in the neck that you can feel or see. Thyroid nodules usually move up and down with swallowing. […] When thyroid nodules become large (4 cm or 1.5 in) they may cause symptoms by pressing on the airway or esophagus. These are also called compressive symptoms. Compressive symptoms include: Discomfort with swallowing, Discomfort when lying down in certain positions, A tight feeling when wearing a collared shirt, Noisy breathing at night, Food getting stuck in the throat, Shortness of breath when exercising and difficulty breathing.

• #1 Does nodule size predict compressive symptoms in patients with thyroid nodules?

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC4244507/

  Thyromegaly and thyroid nodules are known to cause compressive symptoms, but the exact relationship between nodule size and development of compressive symptoms is unclear. […] Compressive symptoms were defined as experiencing neck fullness, dysphagia, choking, or dyspnea. […] Average nodule size in patients with compressive symptoms was 3.8 versus 2.2 cm in asymptomatic patients (P0.0001). […] The most common symptom was dysphagia, occurring in 80% of patients, followed by neck fullness (69%), choking (49%), and dyspnea (32%). […] Thyroid nodule size and lobe size appear to directly correlate with compressive symptoms. […] Of patients with compressive symptoms and a thyroid nodule 1.5 cm, 97% experienced improvement in symptoms postoperatively. […] Compressive symptoms are a common finding in patients with thyroid nodules.

• #1 Thyroid nodule: MedlinePlus Medical EncyclopediaLock

  https://medlineplus.gov/ency/article/007265.htm

  Most thyroid nodules do not cause symptoms. […] Large nodules can press against other structures in the neck. This can cause symptoms such as: A visible goiter (enlarged thyroid gland), Hoarseness or changing voice, Pain in the neck, Problems breathing, especially when lying down flat, Problems swallowing food. […] Nodules that produce thyroid hormones will likely cause symptoms of an overactive thyroid gland, including: Warm, sweaty skin, Fast pulse and palpitations, Increased appetite, Nervousness or anxiety, Restlessness or poor sleep, Skin blushing or flushing, More frequent bowel movements, Tremor, Weight loss, Irregular or lighter menstrual periods. […] Older people with a nodule that produces too much thyroid hormone may have only vague symptoms, including: Fatigue, Palpitations, Chest pain, Memory loss.

• #1 Thyroid nodules: Symptoms, treatment, causes, and pictures

  https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/185672

  In rare cases, a person may have pain at the nodule site that travels to the ear or jaw. […] An iodine deficiency may also lead to toxic thyroid nodules, which are nodules that lead to an excess of thyroid hormones, resulting in hyperthyroidism. Toxic thyroid nodules can cause symptoms such as: unintended weight loss, tremor, fast or irregular heartbeat, intolerance to heat, increased sweating, tiredness, irritability, diarrhea. […] Thyroid cancer may not cause any signs or symptoms to start with, but if a tumor grows larger, it could cause: difficulty breathing, difficulty or pain when swallowing, hoarse voice. […] Most thyroid nodules will not cause any symptoms, and people may discover a nodule through a routine check-up. […] In some cases, people may feel a lump toward the front of the throat and have other symptoms, such as fatigue or mood changes.

• #1 Thyroid Nodule Symptoms

  https://www.thyroidcancer.com/thyroid-nodule-symptoms

  The symptoms of thyroid nodules are discussed, including feeling a lump in the neck and a nodule under the neck skin. If symptoms are caused by a thyroid nodule, surgery is frequently required. About 30% of thyroid nodules DO cause symptoms and this is the complete list of those symptoms. Symptoms of Thyroid Nodules: A lump in the front of the neck that you can feel. A lump in the neck that you can see when looking in the mirror. Usually somebody else notices it first. A sense or feeling like you need to swallow something. A cough that just won’t go away. Frequent coughing during the day and a need to keep clearing your throat. Uncomfortable pressure sensation on the breathing tube (trachea). Problems with swallowing. A feeling like things get stuck in your throat sometimes when eating. Symptoms of hyperthyroidism; symptoms of too much thyroid hormone. Almost all thyroid nodules that cause symptoms will require surgery. The vast majority (over 80%) of thyroid nodules do not cause symptoms. But if a thyroid nodule is causing symptoms as described on this page, then an operation is typically necessary. A thyroid nodule that causes any symptom of swallowing will need to be removed with surgery. The vast majority of these are simply large, benign goiters and only very few are cancerous. But like almost all thyroid nodules that cause symptoms, surgery will be necessary for this group. If a thyroid is big enough that it is causing the patient to be aware of it, and it is causing symptoms of something stuck in the throat, then surgery is probably necessary.

• #1 Thyroid Nodule Symptoms: Top Things to Know

  https://www.thyroidcancer.com/blog/thyroid-nodule-symptoms-top-things-to-know

  Thyroid nodules are common, occurring in at least 40% of women and 30% of men during their lifetime. […] Most thyroid nodules are benign, but some are cancerous and symptomatic. […] The symptoms can be difficulty swallowing or breathing, a noticeable lump or mass in the neck, pressure/discomfort (particularly when lying down) to a feeling of a lump or something stuck in ones throat. […] As thyroid nodule size increases, so too does the likelihood of the symptoms. […] If a thyroid nodule reaches 4 cm, or your nodule is large enough to cause symptoms, then thyroid surgery for treatment is almost certainly necessary. […] The natural course of most nodules, even benign ones, is slow growth or enlargement over time. […] The larger the nodule, the more likely symptoms are present. […] Nodules that are located in the isthmus (middle strip of thyroid tissue sitting on the windpipe) are almost always symptomatic and noticeable at a smaller size.

• #1 Does nodule size predict compressive symptoms in patients with thyroid nodules? – Eng – Gland Surgery

  https://gs.amegroups.org/article/view/4827/html

  Thyroid nodules are present in as much as 65% of the population. Patients with thyroid nodules often complain of compressive symptoms, including neck fullness, dysphagia, odynophagia, choking, and dyspnea. Compressive symptoms may occur in both benign as well as malignant thyroid nodules. The most common symptom was dysphagia, occurring in 80% of patients, followed by neck fullness (69%), choking (49%), and dyspnea (32%). Of patients who underwent surgery for compressive symptoms, 92.7% had improvement in their symptoms postoperatively. Of patients with a thyroid nodule greater than 1.5 cm, 97% showed improvement in symptoms postoperatively. Nodule size and lobe size directly correlate with compressive symptoms. Of patients with compressive symptoms and a thyroid nodule 1.5 cm, 97% will experience improvement in symptoms postoperatively.

• #1 Thyroid Nodule Symptoms: Top Things to Know

  https://www.thyroidcancer.com/blog/thyroid-nodule-symptoms-top-things-to-know

  Large nodules in these aforementioned locations tend to be more symptomatic than they would elsewhere in the thyroid gland. […] A patient with a toxic/hot nodule will have too much thyroid hormone (hyperthyroidism). […] Hyperthyroidism can also cause other symptoms that will make a patient feel ill or symptomatic: hair loss, palpitations, tremors, anxiety, hair loss, weight loss, change in appetite, insomnia, and more. […] Not surprisingly, as nodules enlarge, they are more likely to be symptomatic. […] Smaller nodules can cause symptoms sooner than expected if they are in the right location. […] Finally, nodules that are hot/toxic and cause overproduction of thyroid hormone are almost always symptomatic, but in a different way.

• #1 Thyroid Nodules: What are Thyroid Nodules? Thyroid Nodules Symptoms, Treatment, Diagnosis – Endocrine Surgery | UCLA Health

  https://www.uclahealth.org/medical-services/surgery/endocrine-surgery/conditions-treated/thyroid/thyroid-nodules-thyroid-cancer

  Sometimes thyroid nodules can produce excess thyroid hormone. Excess thyroid hormone, also called hyperthyroidism, can cause the following signs and symptoms: Heat intolerance (feeling hot when others do not), Fatigue, Anxiety or swings in emotions/mood, Weakness, Tremor, Palpitations or feeling of an irregular heartbeat, Increased sweating, Weight loss despite normal or increased appetite, Thinning hair.

• #1 Thyroid nodules – Symptoms & causes – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/thyroid-nodules/symptoms-causes/syc-20355262

  Only a small number of thyroid nodules are cancerous. But determining which nodules are cancerous can’t be done by evaluating your symptoms alone. Most cancerous thyroid nodules are slow growing and may be small when your doctor discovers them. Aggressive thyroid cancers are rare with nodules that may be large, firm, fixed and rapid growing. […] Seek medical care if you develop signs and symptoms of hyperthyroidism, such as: Sudden weight loss even though your appetite is normal or has increased, A pounding heart, Trouble sleeping, Muscle weakness, Nervousness or irritability. […] Complications associated with some thyroid nodules include: Problems swallowing or breathing. Large nodules or a multinodular goiter can interfere with swallowing or breathing. […] Hyperthyroidism. Problems can occur when a nodule or goiter produces thyroid hormone, leading to an excess amount of the hormone in the body. Hyperthyroidism can result in weight loss, muscle weakness, heat intolerance, and anxiousness or irritability.

• #1 About Thyroid Nodules and Thyroid Diseases | Mount Sinai – New York

  https://www.mountsinai.org/care/ent/surgery/thyroid/thyroid-nodules-diseases

  Sometimes thyroid nodules can produce excessive thyroid hormone. This is called ‘hyperthyroidism’ and it can cause the following signs and symptoms: Heat intolerance (feeling hot when others do not), Fatigue, Anxiety or swings in emotions/mood, Weakness, Tremors, Palpitations or feeling of an irregular heartbeat, Increased sweating, Weight loss despite normal or increased appetite, Thinning hair.

• #1 Thyroid Nodule > Fact Sheets > Yale Medicine

  https://www.yalemedicine.org/conditions/thyroid-nodule

  Symptoms include a lump in the front of the lower neck, tickle in the throat, hoarseness, difficulty swallowing and/or breathing […] Many people who have thyroid nodules don’t experience symptoms. Other people may have: A lump in the front of the lower neck, A tickle in the throat, A hoarse voice, Trouble swallowing, Difficulty breathing, especially when lying down, Neck pain, Jaw or ear pain, A goiter. […] People who have thyroid nodules caused by an overactive thyroid (hyperthyroidism) may experience: Nervousness, Weight loss, Feeling hot or overheated, Warm skin, Rapid heartbeat. […] People who have thyroid nodules associated with an underactive thyroid (hypothyroidism) may experience: Fatigue, Weight gain, Feeling cold, Dry skin, Hair loss. […] People who have thyroid nodules caused by thyroid cancer may experience: A thyroid nodule that feels hard to the touch, A hoarse voice, Other voice changes, Swollen lymph nodes in the neck.

• #1 Thyroid nodule: MedlinePlus Medical EncyclopediaLock

  https://medlineplus.gov/ency/article/007265.htm

  Thyroid nodules are sometimes found in people who have Hashimoto disease. Hashimoto disease may cause symptoms of an underactive thyroid gland, such as: Constipation, Dry skin, Face swelling, Fatigue, Hair loss, Feeling cold when other people do not, Weight gain, Irregular menstrual periods. […] Very often, thyroid nodules produce no symptoms. Health care providers often find thyroid nodules during a routine physical exam or imaging tests that are done for another reason. A few people have thyroid nodules that are big enough that they notice the nodule on their own and ask their provider to examine their neck.

• #1 Thyroid Nodules: Symptoms, Diagnosis, Treatment, and Surgery

  https://www.webmd.com/a-to-z-guides/what-are-thyroid-nodules

  Thyroid nodules usually don’t have symptoms. But in certain situations, you might experience symptoms. […] These large nodules can cause: Trouble breathing, Trouble swallowing, A throat „tickle”, Hoarseness or voice change. […] When a nodule causes the thyroid to make too much hormone, this is sometimes called a „hot nodule.” It may cause: Weight loss, Muscle weakness, Heat intolerance, Anxiousness, Irritability, Irregular heartbeat, Weak bones. […] Sometimes, people with thyroid nodules make too little thyroid hormone. This can cause symptoms of hypothyroidism: Fatigue, Cold sensitivity, Constipation, Dry skin, Weight gain, Puffy face, Hoarseness, Muscle weakness, High cholesterol, Muscle aches or stiffness, Joint pain, swelling, or stiffness, Thinning hair, Depression, Memory loss.

• #1 Goiters and Thyroid Nodules (for Parents) | Nemours KidsHealth

  https://kidshealth.org/en/parents/goiter.html

  A goiter is most often spotted because it’s in the very front of the neck and moves up and down when a person swallows. People with a goiter might have the sensation that food is stuck in the throat, especially when they lie down or sleep on their backs. […] But goiters often grow very slowly over months and years before being noticed. It can be hard even for parents who pay close attention to notice the change early. […] Sometimes a nodule can appear in a healthy gland. It may feel like a lump in the throat, or cause tenderness or pain in the front of the neck. A large nodule might be visible at the front of the neck. Some kids with thyroid nodules have pain in the front of the neck or feel like they have a lump in the throat.

• #1 Thyroid Nodules: Symptoms and Treatment | Doctor

  https://patient.info/doctor/thyroid-lumps-including-goitre

  Most thyroid lumps are benign but around 5% are malignant and it is important to distinguish this sinister minority. […] Thyroid lumps are often asymptomatic and are noticed by family members or seen in the mirror. They may sometimes cause pain and rarely present with features of compression of the trachea. […] The risk of malignancy in a thyroid nodule is higher under the age of 20 and over the age of 70. […] Sudden onset of a rapidly expanding painless thyroid mass, significantly increasing in size over days and weeks. […] A suspected thyroid nodule with associated compressive symptoms, such as breathlessness or dysphagia.

• #1 Solitary Thyroid Nodule: Practice Essentials, Background, Pathophysiology

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/924550-overview

  True solitary thyroid nodules occur in 0.22-1.35% of the pediatric population and in close to 4% of the adult population. […] However, suspected thyroid nodules merit close attention in the pediatric population because such nodules are much more likely to be malignant in children than they are in adults. In addition, thyroid cancer is much more aggressive in children and is associated with early metastasis to regional lymph nodes and parenchymal organs, most commonly the lungs and bones. […] Reported rapid growth or recurrent laryngeal nerve dysfunction found on examination may indicate malignancy and local infiltration. […] Although most patients are asymptomatic, some exhibit signs and symptoms of altered levels of thyroid hormone, as follows: Hyperthyroidism – Nervousness, heat intolerance, diarrhea, muscle weakness, and loss of weight and appetite; in rare cases, exophthalmos may be present in a person with a hyperfunctioning nodule.

• #1 Become a member

  https://www.btf-thyroid.org/thyroid-nodules-and-swellingsleaflet

  A swelling in the neck due to an enlarged thyroid gland is called a goitre. Nodules are lumps in the thyroid gland. Most are harmless but you should arrange an appointment with your doctor as soon as you find a lump or swelling. […] If you have a nodule or swelling in your neck you should see your doctor with a minimum of delay. Your doctor will assess the swelling and refer you to a specialist clinic if necessary. Most nodules and swellings are harmless, but it is always best to have them checked promptly in case they are among the few that are cancerous. […] Any nodule or swelling you find should be investigated straightaway. Most nodules and swellings are not cancerous. Most thyroid cancers are curable.

• #1

  https://www.ndcs.com.sg/patient-care/conditions-treatments/thyroid-nodules

  While symptoms of thyroid nodules are gradual and may not be very obvious, complications such as bleeding into the thyroid cyst or nodule may cause a sudden and painful swelling in the neck. Patients who have advanced thyroid cancer may also have a hoarse voice and difficulty swallowing. […] The risk of thyroid cancer is higher if you had a history of radiation to the head and neck for other medical conditions, or if you have a family history of thyroid cancer. […] It is still crucial for patients to observe and note any changes in the lumps’ properties, shape and size, as rapid growth in a nodule could suggest cancer.

• #1 Solitary Thyroid Nodule: Practice Essentials, Background, Pathophysiology

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/924550-overview

  Hypothyroidism – May result in cold intolerance, constipation, fatigue, and weight gain, which, in children, is primarily caused by the accumulation of myxedematous fluid. […] Signs and symptoms of local nerve involvement should trigger rapid investigation, because such involvement may be indicative of local invasiveness from malignancy. The most important of these signs are dysphagia and hoarseness. […] The solitary cold nodule is the most commonly discovered type in children, comprising 40-70% of all nodules. In addition, solitary cold nodules have the highest risk of malignancy (17-36%). […] Definitive diagnosis can only be histologically made. […] Thyroid cancer is more common and aggressive in children than in adults, often with cervical lymph node metastases at the time of initial evaluation.

• #1 Thyroid cancer – Symptoms and causes – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/thyroid-cancer/symptoms-causes/syc-20354161

  Typowy rak tarczycy nie wywołuje żadnych oznak ani objawów we wczesnych stadiach. W miarę wzrostu może powodować guz, który można wyczuć przez skórę na szyi. […] W miarę wzrostu raka tarczycy mogą wystąpić objawy, takie jak obrzęk szyi, zmiany głosu i trudności w połykaniu. […] Typowe objawy raka tarczycy obejmują: guzek (nodoł) wyczuwalny przez skórę na szyi, uczucie, że obcisłe kołnierze koszul stają się zbyt ciasne, zmiany głosu, w tym narastająca chrypka, trudności w połykaniu, powiększone węzły chłonne w szyi oraz ból w szyi i gardle.

• #1 2023 | My scan shows I have thyroid nodules. Should I be worried? – University of Wollongong – UOW

  https://www.uow.edu.au/media/2023/my-scan-shows-i-have-thyroid-nodules-should-i-beworried.php

  More and more healthy women and men are found to have thyroid nodules. What are they? And should you be worried about them? […] In a few people, the nodules grow and cause symptoms such as pressure, difficulty swallowing or breathing. […] Symptoms of concern are: an enlarging thyroid nodule, recent onset of hoarseness, difficult swallowing, neck pain or discomfort, large firm nodule or surrounding enlarged lymph nodes. […] While there is a small proportion of thyroid nodules that cause harm, the large majority are found incidentally and are unlikely to cause further problems.

• #1 Approach to the Patient With a Thyroid Nodule – Endocrine and Metabolic Disorders – Merck Manual Professional Edition

  https://www.merckmanuals.com/professional/endocrine-and-metabolic-disorders/thyroid-disorders/approach-to-the-patient-with-a-thyroid-nodule

  Thyroid nodules are mostly asymptomatic, but they can occasionally be painful or cause compressive symptoms in the neck. Pain suggests thyroiditis or hemorrhage into a cyst. An asymptomatic nodule may be malignant but is usually benign. Compressive symptoms, including difficulty swallowing, difficulty breathing, or hoarseness, increase the risk of the nodule being malignant. […] Symptoms of hyperthyroidism (ie, palpitations, heat intolerance, weight loss, tremors) suggest a hyperfunctioning adenoma or thyroiditis, whereas symptoms of hypothyroidism (ie, cold intolerance, weight gain, fatigue) suggest Hashimoto thyroiditis. […] Signs that suggest thyroid cancer include stony, hard consistency or fixation to surrounding structures, cervical lymphadenopathy, and hoarseness (due to recurrent laryngeal nerve paralysis).

• #1 Symptoms of thyroid cancer | Cancer Research UK

  https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/about-cancer/thyroid-cancer/symptoms

  A rare type of thyroid cancer called medullary thyroid cancer can cause unusual symptoms. You might have frequent loose bowel movements or go red in the face (flushing). These are caused by too much of the hormone calcitonin, made by the medullary thyroid cancer cells. […] Your symptoms may not be due to thyroid cancer. But it is important that any symptoms you have are checked by a doctor, even if you are feeling well. […] The earlier a cancer is picked up, the easier it is to treat it and the more likely the treatment is to be successful.

• #1 Toxic thyroid nodule | Endocrine Conditions

  https://www.yourhormones.info/endocrine-conditions/toxic-thyroid-nodule/

  If the increased thyroid hormones are not treated, besides feeling poorly and unwell, the patient is at risk of heart dysfunction or failure due to the increased heart rate and raised metabolic state. This irregular heart rate can result in strokes and dizziness. Long-standing toxic nodules can also affect the patients bones and cause osteoporosis, which results in weak bones that are more likely to fracture. […] Rarely, if the nodule is very large, the patient may also develop symptoms due to the enlarged thyroid gland such as difficulty with breathing or swallowing (as the enlarged gland may press on the food or wind pipes, which are located nearby).

• #1 Thyroid Nodules: Causes, Symptoms, Diagnosis and Treatment

  https://www.farnorthsurgery.com/blog/thyroid-nodules-causes-symptoms-diagnosis-and-treatment

  Thyroid nodules do not cause any symptoms in the early stages. However, if the nodules become large, you may experience symptoms such as: […] In some cases, your thyroid nodules may produce excess thyroid hormones and can cause hyperthyroidism symptoms such as: […] If you have an autoimmune thyroid condition, you may experience symptoms of hypothyroidism, which include: […] Most solid thyroid nodules will not shrink on their own. In such cases, your doctor may prescribe medicine or recommend surgery to remove the nodules or shrink a nodule by removing fluid from it with a thin needle. […] Nodules are not dangerous and require no treatment as long as they dont grow. Otherwise, your doctor may suggest treatments to shrink thyroid nodules.

• #1 Thyroid Nodules: Symptoms, When to Worry & Treatment Options – Tua Saúde

  https://www.tuasaude.com/en/thyroid-nodules/

  Furthermore, the risk of a thyroid nodule being cancer is also higher in older people with a family history of thyroid cancer or a history radiation to the head and neck regions. […] Treatment of benign thyroid nodules may simply involve regular monitoring through ultrasound exams, which are normally ordered every 12 to 24 months, to assess whether the nodule is growing. […] At any time, if the nodule develops suspicious characteristics of malignancy on ultrasound, a fine needle aspiration biopsy (FNA) may be ordered to rule-out the possibility of cancer. […] Thyroid surgery to remove nodules is normally indicated in cases of malignant nodules or those that are larger than 4 cm and causing symptoms, such as neck pain and/or difficulty swallowing, due to the growth of the nodule.

• #1 Does nodule size predict compressive symptoms in patients with thyroid nodules?

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC4244507/

  In our study, compressive symptoms were present preoperatively in 51.5% of our patients. The most common symptom was dysphagia, occurring in 80% of patients, followed by globus (69%), choking (49%), and dyspnea (32%). […] Patients with compressive symptoms were more likely to have larger thyroid lobes [6.2 cm (95% CI: 5.7-6.7) vs. 4.9 cm (95% CI: 4.6-5.2), P0.001] and larger thyroid nodules [3.8 cm (95% CI: 3.3-4.3) vs. 2.2 cm (95% CI: 1.9-2.6), P0.0001)]. […] In our study, 93% of patients experienced resolution of symptoms postoperatively. When excluding patients with thyroid nodules 1.5 cm, 97% of patients experienced resolution of symptoms postoperatively. […] Nodule size and lobe size directly correlate with compressive symptoms. Of patients with compressive symptoms and a thyroid nodule 1.5 cm, 97% will experience improvement in symptoms postoperatively.

• #2 Thyroid Nodule Symptoms: Top Things to Know

  https://www.thyroidcancer.com/blog/thyroid-nodule-symptoms-top-things-to-know

  Thyroid nodules are common, occurring in at least 40% of women and 30% of men during their lifetime. […] Most thyroid nodules are benign, but some are cancerous and symptomatic. […] The symptoms can be difficulty swallowing or breathing, a noticeable lump or mass in the neck, pressure/discomfort (particularly when lying down) to a feeling of a lump or something stuck in ones throat. […] As thyroid nodule size increases, so too does the likelihood of the symptoms. […] If a thyroid nodule reaches 4 cm, or your nodule is large enough to cause symptoms, then thyroid surgery for treatment is almost certainly necessary. […] The natural course of most nodules, even benign ones, is slow growth or enlargement over time. […] The larger the nodule, the more likely symptoms are present. […] Nodules that are located in the isthmus (middle strip of thyroid tissue sitting on the windpipe) are almost always symptomatic and noticeable at a smaller size.

• #2 Thyroid Nodules | American Thyroid Association

  https://www.thyroid.org/thyroid-nodules/

  Most thyroid nodules do not cause symptoms. Often, thyroid nodules are discovered incidentally during a routine physical examination or on imaging tests like CT scans or neck ultrasound done for completely unrelated reasons. […] Occasionally, patients themselves find thyroid nodules by noticing a lump in their neck while looking in a mirror, buttoning their collar, or fastening a necklace. Abnormal thyroid function tests may occasionally be the reason a thyroid nodule is found. Thyroid nodules may produce excess amounts of thyroid hormone causing hyperthyroidism. However, most thyroid nodules, including those that are cancerous, are actually non-functioning, meaning tests like TSH are normal. Rarely, patients with thyroid nodules may complain of pain in the neck, jaw, or ear. If a nodule is large enough to compress the windpipe or esophagus, it may cause difficulty with breathing, swallowing, or cause a tickle in the throat. Even less commonly, hoarseness can be caused if the nodule invades the nerve that controls the vocal cords but this is usually related to thyroid cancer. […] The important points to remember are the following: Thyroid nodules generally do not cause symptoms. Thyroid tests are most typically normal even when cancer is present in a nodule. The best way to find a thyroid nodule is to make sure your doctor checks your neck!

• #2 Thyroid Nodule > Fact Sheets > Yale Medicine

  https://www.yalemedicine.org/conditions/thyroid-nodule

  Symptoms include a lump in the front of the lower neck, tickle in the throat, hoarseness, difficulty swallowing and/or breathing […] Many people who have thyroid nodules don’t experience symptoms. Other people may have: A lump in the front of the lower neck, A tickle in the throat, A hoarse voice, Trouble swallowing, Difficulty breathing, especially when lying down, Neck pain, Jaw or ear pain, A goiter. […] People who have thyroid nodules caused by an overactive thyroid (hyperthyroidism) may experience: Nervousness, Weight loss, Feeling hot or overheated, Warm skin, Rapid heartbeat. […] People who have thyroid nodules associated with an underactive thyroid (hypothyroidism) may experience: Fatigue, Weight gain, Feeling cold, Dry skin, Hair loss. […] People who have thyroid nodules caused by thyroid cancer may experience: A thyroid nodule that feels hard to the touch, A hoarse voice, Other voice changes, Swollen lymph nodes in the neck.

• #2 Does nodule size predict compressive symptoms in patients with thyroid nodules?

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC4244507/

  In our study, compressive symptoms were present preoperatively in 51.5% of our patients. The most common symptom was dysphagia, occurring in 80% of patients, followed by globus (69%), choking (49%), and dyspnea (32%). […] Patients with compressive symptoms were more likely to have larger thyroid lobes [6.2 cm (95% CI: 5.7-6.7) vs. 4.9 cm (95% CI: 4.6-5.2), P0.001] and larger thyroid nodules [3.8 cm (95% CI: 3.3-4.3) vs. 2.2 cm (95% CI: 1.9-2.6), P0.0001)]. […] In our study, 93% of patients experienced resolution of symptoms postoperatively. When excluding patients with thyroid nodules 1.5 cm, 97% of patients experienced resolution of symptoms postoperatively. […] Nodule size and lobe size directly correlate with compressive symptoms. Of patients with compressive symptoms and a thyroid nodule 1.5 cm, 97% will experience improvement in symptoms postoperatively.

• #2 Thyroid Nodule Symptoms

  https://www.thyroidcancer.com/thyroid-nodule-symptoms

  The symptoms of thyroid nodules are discussed, including feeling a lump in the neck and a nodule under the neck skin. If symptoms are caused by a thyroid nodule, surgery is frequently required. About 30% of thyroid nodules DO cause symptoms and this is the complete list of those symptoms. Symptoms of Thyroid Nodules: A lump in the front of the neck that you can feel. A lump in the neck that you can see when looking in the mirror. Usually somebody else notices it first. A sense or feeling like you need to swallow something. A cough that just won’t go away. Frequent coughing during the day and a need to keep clearing your throat. Uncomfortable pressure sensation on the breathing tube (trachea). Problems with swallowing. A feeling like things get stuck in your throat sometimes when eating. Symptoms of hyperthyroidism; symptoms of too much thyroid hormone. Almost all thyroid nodules that cause symptoms will require surgery. The vast majority (over 80%) of thyroid nodules do not cause symptoms. But if a thyroid nodule is causing symptoms as described on this page, then an operation is typically necessary. A thyroid nodule that causes any symptom of swallowing will need to be removed with surgery. The vast majority of these are simply large, benign goiters and only very few are cancerous. But like almost all thyroid nodules that cause symptoms, surgery will be necessary for this group. If a thyroid is big enough that it is causing the patient to be aware of it, and it is causing symptoms of something stuck in the throat, then surgery is probably necessary.

• #2 Thyroid Nodules: Symptoms, Diagnosis, Treatment, and Surgery

  https://www.webmd.com/a-to-z-guides/what-are-thyroid-nodules

  Thyroid nodules usually don’t have symptoms. But in certain situations, you might experience symptoms. […] These large nodules can cause: Trouble breathing, Trouble swallowing, A throat „tickle”, Hoarseness or voice change. […] When a nodule causes the thyroid to make too much hormone, this is sometimes called a „hot nodule.” It may cause: Weight loss, Muscle weakness, Heat intolerance, Anxiousness, Irritability, Irregular heartbeat, Weak bones. […] Sometimes, people with thyroid nodules make too little thyroid hormone. This can cause symptoms of hypothyroidism: Fatigue, Cold sensitivity, Constipation, Dry skin, Weight gain, Puffy face, Hoarseness, Muscle weakness, High cholesterol, Muscle aches or stiffness, Joint pain, swelling, or stiffness, Thinning hair, Depression, Memory loss.

• #2 Thyroid cancer – Symptoms and causes – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/thyroid-cancer/symptoms-causes/syc-20354161

  Typowy rak tarczycy nie wywołuje żadnych oznak ani objawów we wczesnych stadiach. W miarę wzrostu może powodować guz, który można wyczuć przez skórę na szyi. […] W miarę wzrostu raka tarczycy mogą wystąpić objawy, takie jak obrzęk szyi, zmiany głosu i trudności w połykaniu. […] Typowe objawy raka tarczycy obejmują: guzek (nodoł) wyczuwalny przez skórę na szyi, uczucie, że obcisłe kołnierze koszul stają się zbyt ciasne, zmiany głosu, w tym narastająca chrypka, trudności w połykaniu, powiększone węzły chłonne w szyi oraz ból w szyi i gardle.

• #2 Thyroid Nodules: What are Thyroid Nodules? Thyroid Nodules Symptoms, Treatment, Diagnosis – Endocrine Surgery | UCLA Health

  https://www.uclahealth.org/medical-services/surgery/endocrine-surgery/conditions-treated/thyroid/thyroid-nodules-thyroid-cancer

  Sometimes thyroid nodules can produce excess thyroid hormone. Excess thyroid hormone, also called hyperthyroidism, can cause the following signs and symptoms: Heat intolerance (feeling hot when others do not), Fatigue, Anxiety or swings in emotions/mood, Weakness, Tremor, Palpitations or feeling of an irregular heartbeat, Increased sweating, Weight loss despite normal or increased appetite, Thinning hair.

• #2 Thyroid nodules – Symptoms & causes – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/thyroid-nodules/symptoms-causes/syc-20355262

  Only a small number of thyroid nodules are cancerous. But determining which nodules are cancerous can’t be done by evaluating your symptoms alone. Most cancerous thyroid nodules are slow growing and may be small when your doctor discovers them. Aggressive thyroid cancers are rare with nodules that may be large, firm, fixed and rapid growing. […] Seek medical care if you develop signs and symptoms of hyperthyroidism, such as: Sudden weight loss even though your appetite is normal or has increased, A pounding heart, Trouble sleeping, Muscle weakness, Nervousness or irritability. […] Complications associated with some thyroid nodules include: Problems swallowing or breathing. Large nodules or a multinodular goiter can interfere with swallowing or breathing. […] Hyperthyroidism. Problems can occur when a nodule or goiter produces thyroid hormone, leading to an excess amount of the hormone in the body. Hyperthyroidism can result in weight loss, muscle weakness, heat intolerance, and anxiousness or irritability.

• #2 About Thyroid Nodules and Thyroid Diseases | Mount Sinai – New York

  https://www.mountsinai.org/care/ent/surgery/thyroid/thyroid-nodules-diseases

  Sometimes thyroid nodules can produce excessive thyroid hormone. This is called ‘hyperthyroidism’ and it can cause the following signs and symptoms: Heat intolerance (feeling hot when others do not), Fatigue, Anxiety or swings in emotions/mood, Weakness, Tremors, Palpitations or feeling of an irregular heartbeat, Increased sweating, Weight loss despite normal or increased appetite, Thinning hair.

• #2 Thyroid Nodule Symptoms: Top Things to Know

  https://www.thyroidcancer.com/blog/thyroid-nodule-symptoms-top-things-to-know

  Large nodules in these aforementioned locations tend to be more symptomatic than they would elsewhere in the thyroid gland. […] A patient with a toxic/hot nodule will have too much thyroid hormone (hyperthyroidism). […] Hyperthyroidism can also cause other symptoms that will make a patient feel ill or symptomatic: hair loss, palpitations, tremors, anxiety, hair loss, weight loss, change in appetite, insomnia, and more. […] Not surprisingly, as nodules enlarge, they are more likely to be symptomatic. […] Smaller nodules can cause symptoms sooner than expected if they are in the right location. […] Finally, nodules that are hot/toxic and cause overproduction of thyroid hormone are almost always symptomatic, but in a different way.

• #2 Thyroid nodule: MedlinePlus Medical EncyclopediaLock

  https://medlineplus.gov/ency/article/007265.htm

  Most thyroid nodules do not cause symptoms. […] Large nodules can press against other structures in the neck. This can cause symptoms such as: A visible goiter (enlarged thyroid gland), Hoarseness or changing voice, Pain in the neck, Problems breathing, especially when lying down flat, Problems swallowing food. […] Nodules that produce thyroid hormones will likely cause symptoms of an overactive thyroid gland, including: Warm, sweaty skin, Fast pulse and palpitations, Increased appetite, Nervousness or anxiety, Restlessness or poor sleep, Skin blushing or flushing, More frequent bowel movements, Tremor, Weight loss, Irregular or lighter menstrual periods. […] Older people with a nodule that produces too much thyroid hormone may have only vague symptoms, including: Fatigue, Palpitations, Chest pain, Memory loss.

• #2 Thyroid nodule: MedlinePlus Medical EncyclopediaLock

  https://medlineplus.gov/ency/article/007265.htm

  Thyroid nodules are sometimes found in people who have Hashimoto disease. Hashimoto disease may cause symptoms of an underactive thyroid gland, such as: Constipation, Dry skin, Face swelling, Fatigue, Hair loss, Feeling cold when other people do not, Weight gain, Irregular menstrual periods. […] Very often, thyroid nodules produce no symptoms. Health care providers often find thyroid nodules during a routine physical exam or imaging tests that are done for another reason. A few people have thyroid nodules that are big enough that they notice the nodule on their own and ask their provider to examine their neck.

• #2 Thyroid Nodule: Causes, Risk Factors, and Symptoms

  https://www.healthline.com/health/thyroid-nodule

  In some cases, thyroid nodules develop in people with Hashimoto’s thyroiditis. This is an autoimmune thyroid condition that increases the risk of developing an underactive thyroid (hypothyroidism). Symptoms of hypothyroidism include: persistent fatigue, unexplained weight gain, constipation, sensitivity to cold, dry skin and hair, brittle nails.

• #2 Solitary Thyroid Nodule: Practice Essentials, Background, Pathophysiology

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/924550-overview

  Hypothyroidism – May result in cold intolerance, constipation, fatigue, and weight gain, which, in children, is primarily caused by the accumulation of myxedematous fluid. […] Signs and symptoms of local nerve involvement should trigger rapid investigation, because such involvement may be indicative of local invasiveness from malignancy. The most important of these signs are dysphagia and hoarseness. […] The solitary cold nodule is the most commonly discovered type in children, comprising 40-70% of all nodules. In addition, solitary cold nodules have the highest risk of malignancy (17-36%). […] Definitive diagnosis can only be histologically made. […] Thyroid cancer is more common and aggressive in children than in adults, often with cervical lymph node metastases at the time of initial evaluation.

• #2 Thyroid Nodule Symptoms – Top Thyroid RFA Ablation Doctor

  https://cvithyroidcenter.com/thyroid-nodule-symptoms-california/

  Even though most thyroid nodules are benign, some signs and symptoms have been linked with a higher incidence of malignancy. Some of the key factors associated with thyroid cancer include: Firm and fixed nodules, Enlarged lymph nodes in the neck, Patients younger than 20 years old and/or older than 70 years, Prior history of thyroid carcinoma.

• #2

  https://www.singhealth.com.sg/patient-care/conditions-treatments/thyroid-nodules

  While symptoms of thyroid nodules are gradual and may not be very obvious, complications such as bleeding into the thyroid cyst or nodule may cause a sudden and painful swelling in the neck. Patients who have advanced thyroid cancer may also have a hoarse voice and difficulty swallowing. […] The risk of thyroid cancer is higher if you had a history of radiation to the head and neck for other medical conditions, or if you have a family history of thyroid cancer. […] It is still crucial for patients to observe and note any changes in the lumps’ properties, shape and size, as rapid growth in a nodule could suggest cancer.

• #2 Approach to the Patient With a Thyroid Nodule – Endocrine and Metabolic Disorders – Merck Manual Professional Edition

  https://www.merckmanuals.com/professional/endocrine-and-metabolic-disorders/thyroid-disorders/approach-to-the-patient-with-a-thyroid-nodule

  Nodules with increased radionuclide uptake (hot) are seldom malignant. […] For nodules 1 cm with suspicious features (TI-RADS 5) or nodules 1.5 cm with moderately suspicious features (TI-RADS 4), fine-needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) done under ultrasound guidance is the procedure of choice to distinguish benign from malignant nodules. […] Cytologic examination of the cells obtained from FNAB may distinguish benign (Bethesda II) from suspicious for malignancy (Bethesda V) or malignant (Bethesda VI) lesions. […] Benign nodules in patients with Hashimoto thyroiditis or other causes of goiter associated with hypothyroidism may stabilize or shrink with thyroxine replacement in doses that render the patient euthyroid. […] Large benign nodules that compress the surrounding neck structures may shrink following radiofrequency ablation. […] Partial or complete thyroidectomy is effective for treating nodules that continue to grow or cause compressive symptoms. […] Toxic (producing thyroid hormone and causing symptomatic hyperthyroidism) nodules may be treated with radioactive iodine to control hyperthyroidism and reduce nodule size.

• #2 Thyroid Cancer: Types, Symptoms, Causes & Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/12210-thyroid-cancer

  You or your healthcare provider might feel a lump or growth in your neck called a thyroid nodule. Dont panic if you have a thyroid nodule. Most nodules are benign (not cancer). Only about 3 out of 20 thyroid nodules turn out to be cancerous (malignant). […] Other thyroid cancer symptoms include: Difficulty breathing or swallowing. Loss of voice (hoarseness). Swollen lymph nodes in your neck. […] If you have thyroid cancer that has spread (metastasized) to other areas of your body, you may experience symptoms such as: Tiredness. Loss of appetite. Nausea and vomiting. Unexpected weight loss.

• #2 When to Worry About Thyroid Nodules | Orlando | UCF Health

  https://ucfhealth.com/our-services/endocrinology/when-to-worry-about-thyroid-nodules/

  A thyroid nodule is a lump that grows inside any of the thyroid lobes or multiple lobes. They can be solid or fluid-filled. When they contain fluid, they are referred to as cysts. Thyroid nodules can remain the same size or grow over time and may progress at a variety of rates. […] Most thyroid nodules are benign, but that doesn’t mean you should take yours lightly just yet. If you first feel a bump in your neck, don’t panic. First, assess the situation and if any of these conditions are happening congruently, it may be cause for more concern. […] Larger nodules and fast growing nodules can indicate malignancy, or thyroid cancer. […] Thyroid cancer can cause thyroid pain, which may feel like pain while swallowing, discomfort when turning the head, or sensitivity in the thyroid area when pressure is applied.

• #2

  https://www.ndcs.com.sg/patient-care/conditions-treatments/thyroid-nodules

  Thyroid nodules may not give rise to symptoms, which is why many of them are found incidentally during medical consultations, routine check-ups or investigations (e.g., ultrasounds, CT scans or PET scans) for other health problems. […] Most thyroid nodules do not cause symptoms. Thus, most people may only realize they have a thyroid nodule when it is large enough to be noticed in the mirror, or found by chance during a physical examination, or incidentally picked up on investigations like ultrasounds, CT scans or PET scans. […] Some symptoms may include: Pain: if there is bleeding into the nodule or inflammation. Difficulty swallowing or breathing: if the thyroid gland or nodule is large. Hyperthyroidism symptoms like heat intolerance, fast heart rate, weight loss and tremors: if the nodule produces excessive thyroid hormone. Hypothyroidism symptoms including cold intolerance, lethargy, weight gain and weakness: if less thyroid hormone is produced. Hoarseness: if there is a cancer invading the nerve supplying your vocal cords. This symptom warrants immediate attention.

• #2 Toxic thyroid nodule | Endocrine Conditions

  https://www.yourhormones.info/endocrine-conditions/toxic-thyroid-nodule/

  A toxic thyroid nodule is a cause of hyperthyroidism (an overactive thyroid gland), which is a cause of thyrotoxicosis (having an excess amount of thyroid hormones). This occurs when a single nodule (or lump) grows in the thyroid gland and produces excess thyroid hormones. Toxic nodules are usually benign (ie non-cancerous). If the increased hormone production is coming from a single nodule in the gland, this is called a toxic nodule. If the thyroid gland becomes enlarged, for example due to the presence of nodules, this is called a goitre. If there are many nodules causing hyperthyroidism, this is referred to as a toxic multinodular goitre. […] The symptoms of a toxic thyroid nodule are a result of the high levels of thyroid hormones in the blood, increasing the rate at which the body is working. This results in hyperthyroidism and symptoms of thyrotoxicosis including: weight loss, diarrhoea, increased appetite, flushing, irritability, tiredness, palpitations (increased heart rate which can be felt by the patient), poor sleep, increased sweating, a tremor, heat intolerance (feeling excessively hot even though others may find it cold).

• #2 What You Should Know About Thyroid Nodules

  https://www.mountelizabeth.com.sg/health-plus/article/thyroid-nodules

  Thyroid nodules dont usually cause any symptoms but they can grow to the point where they: […] As they grow, thyroid nodules can alter the thyroids production of hormones, leading to hormone imbalance conditions like hyperthyroidism or hypothyroidism. […] If your nodules grow to a point where they obstruct your airway, you can develop noisy breathing. […] One of the most common signs of thyroid disease is an unexplained gain in weight, which can indicate low thyroid hormone production, a disease known as hypothyroidism. On the other hand, hyperthyroidism, a disease that causes an increase in the production of thyroid hormones, can cause you to lose weight very suddenly if the thyroid generates more hormones than required. […] While it is unlikely that your nodules are cancerous, consult your doctor to get an accurate diagnosis, even if you dont have any other symptoms. Early cancer detection can make a big difference in your recovery process. You should also see a doctor immediately if you are having problems swallowing or breathing.

• #2 Symptoms of thyroid cancer | Cancer Research UK

  https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/about-cancer/thyroid-cancer/symptoms

  A rare type of thyroid cancer called medullary thyroid cancer can cause unusual symptoms. You might have frequent loose bowel movements or go red in the face (flushing). These are caused by too much of the hormone calcitonin, made by the medullary thyroid cancer cells. […] Your symptoms may not be due to thyroid cancer. But it is important that any symptoms you have are checked by a doctor, even if you are feeling well. […] The earlier a cancer is picked up, the easier it is to treat it and the more likely the treatment is to be successful.

• #3 Thyroid Nodules Treatment, Symptoms, Cancerous, When to Worry

  https://www.medicinenet.com/thyroid_nodules/article.htm

  The vast majority of thyroid nodules do not cause symptoms. However, if the cells in the nodules are functioning and producing thyroid hormone on their own, the nodule may produce signs and symptoms of too much thyroid hormone (hyperthyroidism). […] A small number of patients complain of pain at the site of the nodule that can travel to the ear or jaw. If the nodule is very large, it can cause difficulty swallowing or shortness of breath by compressing the esophagus (tube connecting the mouth to the stomach) or trachea (windpipe). […] In rare instances, a patient may complain of hoarseness or difficulty speaking because of compression of the larynx (voice box).

• #3 Thyroid nodule: MedlinePlus Medical EncyclopediaLock

  https://medlineplus.gov/ency/article/007265.htm

  Thyroid nodules are sometimes found in people who have Hashimoto disease. Hashimoto disease may cause symptoms of an underactive thyroid gland, such as: Constipation, Dry skin, Face swelling, Fatigue, Hair loss, Feeling cold when other people do not, Weight gain, Irregular menstrual periods. […] Very often, thyroid nodules produce no symptoms. Health care providers often find thyroid nodules during a routine physical exam or imaging tests that are done for another reason. A few people have thyroid nodules that are big enough that they notice the nodule on their own and ask their provider to examine their neck.

• #3 Thyroid Nodule Symptoms: Top Things to Know

  https://www.thyroidcancer.com/blog/thyroid-nodule-symptoms-top-things-to-know

  Large nodules in these aforementioned locations tend to be more symptomatic than they would elsewhere in the thyroid gland. […] A patient with a toxic/hot nodule will have too much thyroid hormone (hyperthyroidism). […] Hyperthyroidism can also cause other symptoms that will make a patient feel ill or symptomatic: hair loss, palpitations, tremors, anxiety, hair loss, weight loss, change in appetite, insomnia, and more. […] Not surprisingly, as nodules enlarge, they are more likely to be symptomatic. […] Smaller nodules can cause symptoms sooner than expected if they are in the right location. […] Finally, nodules that are hot/toxic and cause overproduction of thyroid hormone are almost always symptomatic, but in a different way.

• #3 Symptoms of thyroid cancer | Cancer Research UK

  https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/about-cancer/thyroid-cancer/symptoms

  The symptoms of thyroid cancer include: a lump in your neck, a hoarse voice that lasts for more than 3 weeks, a sore throat or difficulty swallowing that does not get better. […] Thyroid lumps are very common. But only around 5 out of 100 thyroid lumps (around 5%) are cancer. Older people in particular can have small lumps in their thyroid gland called nodules. Nodules are more common in women than men. […] Cancerous thyroid lumps aren’t usually painful. But you should get any lump (whether it is painful or not) checked out by your doctor. […] A hoarse voice is more likely to be caused by a bacterial or viral infection. See your doctor if you have a hoarse voice for more than 3 weeks. […] Sore throats are very common and could be due to infection. But check with your doctor if you have had a sore throat for more than 3 weeks or you have difficulty swallowing and this is not getting better.

• #3 Toxic thyroid nodule | Endocrine Conditions

  https://www.yourhormones.info/endocrine-conditions/toxic-thyroid-nodule/

  If the increased thyroid hormones are not treated, besides feeling poorly and unwell, the patient is at risk of heart dysfunction or failure due to the increased heart rate and raised metabolic state. This irregular heart rate can result in strokes and dizziness. Long-standing toxic nodules can also affect the patients bones and cause osteoporosis, which results in weak bones that are more likely to fracture. […] Rarely, if the nodule is very large, the patient may also develop symptoms due to the enlarged thyroid gland such as difficulty with breathing or swallowing (as the enlarged gland may press on the food or wind pipes, which are located nearby).

• #3 Thyroid Nodule Symptoms

  https://www.thyroidcancer.com/thyroid-nodule-symptoms

  The symptoms of thyroid nodules are discussed, including feeling a lump in the neck and a nodule under the neck skin. If symptoms are caused by a thyroid nodule, surgery is frequently required. About 30% of thyroid nodules DO cause symptoms and this is the complete list of those symptoms. Symptoms of Thyroid Nodules: A lump in the front of the neck that you can feel. A lump in the neck that you can see when looking in the mirror. Usually somebody else notices it first. A sense or feeling like you need to swallow something. A cough that just won’t go away. Frequent coughing during the day and a need to keep clearing your throat. Uncomfortable pressure sensation on the breathing tube (trachea). Problems with swallowing. A feeling like things get stuck in your throat sometimes when eating. Symptoms of hyperthyroidism; symptoms of too much thyroid hormone. Almost all thyroid nodules that cause symptoms will require surgery. The vast majority (over 80%) of thyroid nodules do not cause symptoms. But if a thyroid nodule is causing symptoms as described on this page, then an operation is typically necessary. A thyroid nodule that causes any symptom of swallowing will need to be removed with surgery. The vast majority of these are simply large, benign goiters and only very few are cancerous. But like almost all thyroid nodules that cause symptoms, surgery will be necessary for this group. If a thyroid is big enough that it is causing the patient to be aware of it, and it is causing symptoms of something stuck in the throat, then surgery is probably necessary.

• #4 Thyroid Nodules | Cedars-Sinai

  https://www.cedars-sinai.org/health-library/diseases-and-conditions/t/thyroid-nodules.html

  Many patients with thyroid nodules have no symptoms and are found by chance to have a lump in the thyroid gland during a routine physical exam or an imaging study done for unrelated reasons. […] A minority of patients may become aware of a gradually enlarging lump in the front portion of the neck or may experience a vague pressure sensation or discomfort when swallowing. […] A lump in the neck should be brought to the attention of your physician, even in the absence of symptoms.

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