Materiały źródłowe

• #1 Non-Hodgkin lymphoma – Symptoms and causes – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/non-hodgkins-lymphoma/symptoms-causes/syc-20375680

  Non-Hodgkin lymphoma is a type of cancer that affects the lymphatic system. […] Non-Hodgkin lymphoma happens when germ-fighting cells in the lymphatic system grow out of control. The cells can form growths, called tumors, throughout the body. […] Signs and symptoms of non-Hodgkin lymphoma may include: Swollen lymph nodes in the neck, armpits or groin. Belly pain or swelling. Chest pain, coughing or trouble breathing. Feeling very tired. Fever. Night sweats. Weight loss without trying. […] In non-Hodgkin lymphoma, the cancer cells often build up in the lymph nodes. They also can build up in other parts of the lymphatic system.

• #2 https://www.lls.org/lymphoma/non-hodgkin-lymphoma/signs-and-symptoms

  https://www.lls.org/lymphoma/non-hodgkin-lymphoma/signs-and-symptoms

  A person who has signs or symptoms that suggest the possibility of non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) is usually referred to a blood cancer specialist called a hematologist-oncologist. The signs and symptoms of NHL are also associated with a number of other, less serious diseases. […] The most common early sign of NHL is painless swelling of one or more lymph node(s). Most patients with NHL have one or more enlarged lymph nodes in the neck, armpit or groin. […] Common symptoms of NHL include painless swelling in one or more lymph node(s), unexplained fever, drenching night sweats, persistent fatigue, loss of appetite, unexplained weight loss, cough or chest pain, abdominal pain, sensation of bloating or fullness (due to an enlarged spleen), itchy skin, enlargement of the spleen or liver, rashes or skin lumps.

• #2 https://www.lls.org/lymphoma/non-hodgkin-lymphoma/signs-and-symptoms

  https://www.lls.org/lymphoma/non-hodgkin-lymphoma/signs-and-symptoms

  Some people have no symptoms and the disease may only be discovered during a routine medical examination or while the patient is under care for an unrelated condition. […] The term B symptoms is used to refer to fever, drenching night sweats and loss of more than 10 percent of body weight over 6 months. B symptoms are significant to the prognosis and staging of the disease.

• #3 Symptoms of non-Hodgkin lymphoma | Canadian Cancer Society

  https://cancer.ca/en/cancer-information/cancer-types/non-hodgkin-lymphoma/signs-and-symptoms

  The signs or symptoms of non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) may vary depending on the type of NHL, where it starts in the body and how advanced it is. Other health conditions can cause the same symptoms as NHL. […] The most common symptom of NHL is swollen, or enlarged, lymph nodes in the neck, armpit or groin. The swollen lymph nodes are usually painless, but they can eventually put pressure on tissue or organs around them and cause discomfort or pain. […] Other common symptoms of NHL include: a rash or itchy skin on the chest, stomach and back, unexplained fatigue. […] Some symptoms of NHL are generalized, which means that they affect the whole body. These are called B symptoms, or systemic symptoms. They usually include: unexplained fever over 38C that doesnt go away, drenching night sweats (enough to soak bedding and night clothes), unexplained weight loss of more than 10% of body weight within the last 6 months.

• #3 Symptoms of non-Hodgkin lymphoma | Canadian Cancer Society

  https://cancer.ca/en/cancer-information/cancer-types/non-hodgkin-lymphoma/signs-and-symptoms

  NHL can cause other signs and symptoms depending on where it starts in the body. […] NHL in the chest may cause: shortness of breath, coughing, feeling of pressure in the chest, chest pain, swelling and bluish-red colour on the head, arms and upper chest (caused by superior vena cava syndrome). […] NHL in the abdomen may cause: indigestion, swelling in the abdomen, discomfort or pain in the abdomen, loss of appetite, feeling full after eating a small amount of food, nausea or vomiting, enlarged liver or spleen. […] NHL in the brain and spinal cord (called the central nervous system, or CNS) may cause: headaches, double vision, numbness of the face, trouble thinking, trouble speaking, weakness, personality changes, seizures. […] NHL in the bone marrow may cause bone pain in the legs, ribs, spine or pelvis. It can also cause low blood cell counts, which can lead to: infections that stay or come back again and again, bleeding or easy bruising, fatigue. […] NHL in the skin often appears as itchy, red or purple lumps under the skin.

• #4 ‘How I knew I had lymphoma’: 6 survivors describe their symptoms | MD Anderson Cancer Center

  https://www.mdanderson.org/cancerwise/how-i-knew-i-had-lymphoma–survivors-describe-their-symptoms.h00-159700701.html

  Night sweats, persistent fevers and unexplained weight loss are three of the most common symptoms of lymphoma, whether they stem from Hodgkin lymphoma or non-Hodgkin lymphoma. […] Night sweats must happen repeatedly, not be due to menopause-related hot flashes, and you should be drenched in sweat to the point that you have to get up and change your nightclothes and/or sheets at least once before morning. […] Weight loss must reflect 10% or more of your body weight, though you’re not actively trying to lose it. […] Fever must be persistent, higher than 100.4 degrees Fahrenheit and not due to an underlying infection. […] Aggressive lymphomas grow and spread quickly, and can cause significant damage to tissue and organs. […] Indolent lymphomas, on the other hand, are slow-growing. They may not cause any symptoms at all, or cause symptoms that come and go over long periods of time.

• #4 ‘How I knew I had lymphoma’: 6 survivors describe their symptoms | MD Anderson Cancer Center

  https://www.mdanderson.org/cancerwise/how-i-knew-i-had-lymphoma–survivors-describe-their-symptoms.h00-159700701.html

  I lost 20 pounds in a few weeks, was extremely short of breath and was so tired I could barely cross a room without needing to sit down, says Shelby Wade, who was 23 when she was diagnosed with B-cell lymphoma. […] I experienced severe headaches, a consistent dry cough, weight loss and night sweats for about a month, says Omar Dirani, who was 30 when he was diagnosed with non-Hodgkin lymphoma. […] The more symptoms you have, the more concerned you should be, she explains. If you have multiple B symptoms that last more than two weeks, see your doctor right away. […] Roughly 40% to 50% of patients with aggressive lymphomas show symptoms before their diagnosis, notes Ahmed. But only about 10% or less of patients with indolent lymphoma do. […] Lymphoma symptoms can occur with any type or stage of disease, but they’re more commonly seen in fast-growing lymphomas and when the disease is more advanced. That’s why it’s important to get symptoms checked out quickly.

• #5 Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma: Symptoms, Types & Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/15662-non-hodgkin-lymphoma

  The most common symptom is painless swelling in your neck, armpits or groin. This is a sign of swollen lymph nodes in those areas. Other signs and symptoms depend on where the lymphoma cells are. Additional NHL symptoms include: Persistent fatigue, Chest pain, Cough, Trouble breathing (dyspnea), Belly (abdominal) pain or swelling, Feeling full even when you haven’t eaten much, Unexplained fever (especially a fever that stays above 103 degrees Fahrenheit or 39.5 degrees Celsius for two or more hours after home treatment or that lasts longer than two days), Drenching night sweats (so intense that it soaks your sheets), Unexplained weight loss (losing 10% of your total body weight over six months). […] It’s important to remember that many conditions share these symptoms. Having one or more doesn’t necessarily mean you have non-Hodgkin lymphoma. Still, it’s a good idea to contact a healthcare provider anytime you notice changes in your body that last for several weeks.

• #5 Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma: Symptoms, Types & Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/15662-non-hodgkin-lymphoma

  With other non-Hodgkin lymphomas, especially indolent ones, you may have this condition in the long term. This means you may need continuous or occasional treatment for the rest of your life. […] It’s important to remember, though, that even when non-Hodgkin lymphoma isn’t curable, current treatments are helping people live longer, fuller lives with this disease. Most people with indolent lymphoma die from other causes, even if the lymphoma can’t be cured.

• #5 Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma: Symptoms, Types & Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/15662-non-hodgkin-lymphoma

  Non-Hodgkin lymphomas form when your body produces too many lymphocytes. These include B cells, T cells or (rarely) natural killer (NK) cells. Acquired genetic mutations that affect lymphocyte growth play a part in the process. Acquired means you develop them during your lifetime instead of being born with them. […] When lymphocytes mutate, they multiply and eventually become tumors. Usually, the tumors start in your lymph nodes. As your lymphatic system touches nearly every part of your body, non-Hodgkin lymphoma often spreads to other lymph organs. […] In some cases, treatment can cure non-Hodgkin lymphoma. This means that treatment has eliminated all cancer cells for good. This is more common after treatment for aggressive B-cell lymphomas. Most aggressive non-Hodgkin lymphomas that come back usually do so within the first two years after treatment, or they never come back. Still, you’ll need regular check-ups so your healthcare provider can check for relapse.

• #6 Non-Hodgkin lymphoma symptoms and signs | Blood Cancer UK

  https://bloodcancer.org.uk/understanding-blood-cancer/lymphoma/non-hodgkin-lymphoma/non-hodgkin-lymphoma-symptoms-signs/

  These three symptoms, called B symptoms, are also symptoms of non-Hodgkin lymphoma: high fever (38C or higher); weight loss of a tenth or more of your previous weight over the past 6 months, when you havent been trying to lose weight; night sweats which drench your nightclothes and bedding. […] Whether or not someone has B symptoms is a guide to how much the lymphoma has developed. This helps doctors assess the stage of the lymphoma and decide on the best treatment.

• #7

  https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/non-hodgkin-lymphoma/symptoms/

  The most common symptom of non-Hodgkin lymphoma is a painless swelling in a lymph node, usually in the neck, armpit or groin. […] Some people with non-Hodgkin lymphoma also have other, more general symptoms. […] These can include: night sweats, unintentional weight loss, a high temperature (fever), feelings of breathlessness, persistent itching of the skin all over the body. […] A few people with lymphoma have abnormal cells in their bone marrow when they’re diagnosed. […] This may lead to: persistent tiredness or fatigue, an increased risk of infections, excessive bleeding, such as nosebleeds, heavy periods and spots of blood under the skin. […] See a GP if you have any of the symptoms on this page, particularly if you have swollen glands that do not go away after 6 weeks. […] While these symptoms are unlikely to be caused by non-Hodgkin lymphoma, it’s best to get them checked out.

• #8 Non-Hodgkin’s Lymphoma | Conditions | UCSF Health

  https://www.ucsfhealth.org/conditions/non-hodgkins-lymphoma

  The most common symptom of non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma is a painless swelling of the lymph nodes in the neck, underarm or groin. Other symptoms may include the following: […] Unexplained fever […] Night sweats […] Constant fatigue […] Unexplained weight loss […] Itchy skin […] Reddened patches on the skin. […] However, these symptoms are not sure signs of non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma. They also may be caused by other, less serious conditions, such as the flu or other infections only a doctor can make a diagnosis. Therefore, when symptoms like these are present, it is important to see a doctor so that any illness can be diagnosed and treated as early as possible. […] Some slow growing lymphomas, called indolent or low-grade lymphomas, may not require any initial therapy, and the doctor may decide to wait until the disease causes symptoms before starting treatment. Often, this approach is called „watchful waiting.”

• #9 Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma in Children | Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia

  https://www.chop.edu/conditions-diseases/non-hodgkin-lymphoma

  Non-Hodgkin lymphoma may start and grow slowly, but more often seems to grow quickly. Symptoms vary depending on what group of lymph nodes is affected. […] The first symptoms in your child may be large swollen glands in the neck, chest, under the arms, or in the groin. Swollen lymph glands in the neck and chest may cause a cough, shortness of breath, wheezing, or swelling of the face. Some children may experience fevers, pale skin, rashes, or decreased appetite. […] When non-Hodgkin lymphoma begins in the abdomen, early symptoms may include stomach pain, a change in bowel habits, or a mass (tumor) in the abdomen.

• #10 Lymphoma | Hodgkins Lymphoma | Non Hodgkins Lymphoma | MedlinePlus

  https://medlineplus.gov/lymphoma.html

  Non-Hodgkin lymphoma can cause many symptoms, such as : […] Swollen, painless lymph nodes in the neck, armpits or groin […] Unexplained weight loss […] Fever […] Soaking night sweats […] Coughing, trouble breathing or chest pain […] Weakness and tiredness that don’t go away […] Pain, swelling or a feeling of fullness in the abdomen.

• #11 Non-Hodgkin lymphoma – staging, low grade, high grade | Macmillan Cancer Support

  https://www.macmillan.org.uk/cancer-information-and-support/lymphoma/non-hodgkin/staging-and-grading

  The stage of lymphoma describes how many areas of the body are affected by lymphoma and where these are. […] Your doctor will also ask you about any symptoms you have. All this information helps doctors plan the right treatment for you. […] Sometimes the letter B is added after the stage number. For example, the lymphoma may be described as stage 1B. This is used to show if you have any symptoms doctors call B symptoms. These are: heavy drenching night sweats, unexplained high temperatures, unexplained weight loss. […] If you have any B symptoms, it usually means the lymphoma is more advanced. […] High-grade lymphomas grow more quickly and are sometimes called aggressive lymphomas. They usually cause symptoms and need immediate treatment.

• #12 Warning Signs and Symptoms of Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma

  https://www.cancercenter.com/cancer-types/non-hodgkin-lymphoma/symptoms

  Some lymphomas occur in the female reproductive system, such as the ovaries, uterus, cervix, vagina and vulva. Lymphoma in this region may cause a mass in the pelvis that may be seen or felt, as well as pelvic pain or pressure, vaginal bleeding and discharge. […] The letter B indicates that the patient is experiencing one or more of the following symptoms: drenching night sweats, fever or unexplained weight loss. If none of these symptoms has developed, the letter A is used. B symptoms may be signs of a more advanced cancer.

• #12 Warning Signs and Symptoms of Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma

  https://www.cancercenter.com/cancer-types/non-hodgkin-lymphoma/symptoms

  Lymphoma in the chest, such as primary mediastinal large B-cell lymphoma, may put pressure on important areas such as the windpipe or the superior vena cava, a large and crucial vein. A tumor that presses on the windpipe may lead to symptoms such as coughing, difficulty breathing and chest pain. Pressure on the superior vena cava may result in symptoms such as difficulty breathing, swelling and color changes in the head, arms and upper chest. […] Lymphoma that occurs in the central nervous system, such as the brain and spinal cord, may result in double vision, numbness in the face and difficulty speaking. Primary brain lymphomas may come with headaches, muddled thinking, weakness, changes in personality and seizures. […] Lymphoma in the skin (or cutaneous lymphoma) may be apparent to the eye and show up as masses or bumps under the skin that are itchy, red or purple.

• #13

  https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/non-hodgkin-lymphoma/

  The most common symptom of non-Hodgkin lymphoma is a painless swelling in a lymph node, usually in the neck, armpit or groin. […] Low-grade or indolent non-Hodgkin lymphoma where the cancer grows slowly and you may not experience any symptoms for many years. […] High-grade lymphomas need to be treated straight away, but tend to respond much better to treatment and can often be cured.

• #14 Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK559328/

  Non-Hodgkin lymphoma is a group of malignant neoplasms originating from lymphoid tissues, mainly the lymph nodes. […] The natural history of these tumors shows significant variation. Indolent lymphomas present with waxing and waning lymphadenopathy for many years, whereas aggressive lymphomas have specific B symptoms such as weight loss, night sweats, and fever and can result in deaths within a few weeks if untreated. […] Up to two-thirds of patients present with peripheral lymphadenopathy. Rashes on the skin, increased hypersensitivity reactions to insect bites, generalized fatigue, pruritus, malaise, fever of unknown origin, ascites, and effusions are less common presenting features. […] Patients may even present with features of acute perforation and gastrointestinal bleeding and, at times, with features of malabsorption syndrome.

• #15 Follicular lymphoma | Lymphoma Action

  https://lymphoma-action.org.uk/types-lymphoma-non-hodgkin-lymphoma/follicular-lymphoma

  Follicular lymphoma is usually slow-growing so symptoms typically develop gradually over time. […] The most common symptom of follicular lymphoma is one or more lumps. These are typically felt in your neck or just above your collar bones but they can develop in other places, such as your armpits or groin. The lumps are caused by lymphoma cells building up in your lymph nodes, which makes the lymph nodes swell. These swollen lymph nodes are usually painless. […] Most people with follicular lymphoma have no other symptoms, although other possible symptoms include unexplained weight loss, fevers (temperature above 38C), drenching sweats, especially at night, frequent infections, or having difficulty getting over infections, fatigue (overwhelming tiredness). […] Weight loss, drenching sweats and fevers can occur together and are called B symptoms.

• #15 Follicular lymphoma | Lymphoma Action

  https://lymphoma-action.org.uk/types-lymphoma-non-hodgkin-lymphoma/follicular-lymphoma

  Around 1 in 2 people with follicular lymphoma have lymphoma cells in their bone marrow (the spongy centre of larger bones where blood cells are made) when they are diagnosed. This might lead to anaemia (low red blood cell count), which can cause tiredness and shortness of breath, thrombocytopenia (low platelet count), which makes you more likely to bruise and bleed, neutropenia (low neutrophil count a type of white blood cell), which makes you more prone to infection. […] Follicular lymphoma often grows slowly, although in some people it can develop more rapidly. The speed of growth is variable and can be hard to predict when first diagnosed. […] As follicular lymphoma typically grows slowly and might not cause any symptoms, it is often advanced (stage 3 or 4) by the time it is diagnosed.

• #16 Follicular Lymphoma – Lymphoma Research Foundation

  https://lymphoma.org/understanding-lymphoma/aboutlymphoma/nhl/follicular-lymphoma/

  Follicular lymphoma (FL) is typically a slow-growing or indolent form of non- Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) that arises from B-lymphocytes, making it a B-cell lymphoma. This lymphoma subtype accounts for 20 to 30 percent of all NHL cases. […] Common symptoms of FL include enlargement of the lymph nodes in the neck, underarms, abdomen, or groin, as well as fatigue, shortness of breath, night sweats, and weight loss. Often, patients with FL have no obvious symptoms of the disease at diagnosis. […] Follicular lymphoma is usually not considered to be curable, instead categorized as more of a chronic

• #17 Adult Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma Symptoms, Stages & Treatment

  https://www.emedicinehealth.com/adult_non-hodgkin_lymphoma/article_em.htm

  Adult non-Hodgkin lymphoma is a disease in which malignant (cancer) cells form in the lymph system. […] Signs and symptoms of adult non-Hodgkin lymphoma include swelling in the lymph nodes, fever, night sweats, weight loss, and fatigue. […] When fever, night sweats, and weight loss occur together, this group of symptoms is called B symptoms. […] Non-Hodgkin lymphoma grows and spreads at different rates and can be indolent or aggressive. Indolent lymphoma tends to grow and spread slowly, and has few signs and symptoms. Aggressive lymphoma grows and spreads quickly, and has signs and symptoms that can be severe. […] Signs and symptoms of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma may include fever, recurring night sweats, and weight loss. These are also called B symptoms. […] Lymphoblastic lymphoma may begin in T cells or B cells, but it usually begins in T cells. In this type of non-Hodgkin lymphoma, there are too many lymphoblasts (immature white blood cells) in the lymph nodes and the thymus gland. These lymphoblasts may spread to other places in the body, such as the bone marrow, brain, and spinal cord.

• #18 Childhood Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma | Dana-Farber Cancer Institute

  https://www.dana-farber.org/cancer-care/types/childhood-non-hodgkin-lymphoma

  Non-Hodgkin lymphoma symptoms vary depending on the type of lymphoma and where the lymphoma is located. Sometimes symptoms of generalized illness, such as fever, night sweats, and weight loss, may go along with non-Hodgkin lymphoma. These symptoms are referred to as „B” symptoms. Other times, there are no symptoms except an enlarging lymph node or lump. The disease can progress quickly over days to weeks or can have a very slow pace of progression over many months. […] The location where the lymphoma is growing in the body often explains the symptoms. […] Non-Hodgkin lymphoma in the chest may cause coughing and difficulty breathing, especially when lying flat, or swelling of the face and neck. […] Non-Hodgkin lymphoma in the abdomen may cause swelling of the abdomen, belly pain, decreased appetite, constipation, or obstruction to passing urine.

• #19 Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma | Cancer Support Community

  https://www.cancersupportcommunity.org/non-hodgkin-lymphoma

  Non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) is one of the most common cancers in the United States. […] NHL can be either indolent (slow growing) or aggressive (fast growing). […] Common signs and symptoms may include: Abdominal Swelling, Coughing and Breathing Issues, Fatigue and Loss of Appetite, Fever, Lumps, Night Sweats, Weight Loss, Central Nervous System Changes. […] A tumor or large collection of fluid may cause the abdomen to become swollen and tender. Swelling may block the passage of feces. This causes abdominal pain, nausea, or vomiting. […] Certain types of lymphoma can develop into large tumors in the chest. If the tumor presses on the windpipe, it causes trouble breathing. […] Sometimes the only signs of the disease are constant tiredness and not feeling hungry. […] A high temperature may occur over several days or weeks.

• #20 Signs and Symptoms of Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma | American Cancer Society

  https://www.cancer.org/cancer/types/non-hodgkin-lymphoma/detection-diagnosis-staging/signs-symptoms.html

  Some people with non-Hodgkin lymphoma have what are known as B symptoms: Fever (which can come and go over several days or weeks) without an infection, Drenching night sweats, Weight loss without trying (at least 10% of body weight over 6 months). […] Non-Hodgkin lymphoma can cause lymph nodes to become enlarged. Enlarged lymph nodes close to the surface of the body (such as on the sides of the neck, in the groin or underarm areas, or above the collar bone), may be seen or felt as lumps under the skin. These are usually not painful. […] Lymphomas that start or grow in the abdomen (belly) can cause swelling or pain in the abdomen. This could be from lymph nodes or organs, such as the spleen or liver, getting bigger. It can also be caused by the buildup of large amounts of fluid. […] When lymphoma starts in the thymus or lymph nodes in the chest, it may press on the nearby trachea (windpipe), which can cause coughing, trouble breathing, or a feeling of chest pain or pressure.

• #20 Signs and Symptoms of Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma | American Cancer Society

  https://www.cancer.org/cancer/types/non-hodgkin-lymphoma/detection-diagnosis-staging/signs-symptoms.html

  Lymphomas of the brain, called primary central nervous system (CNS) lymphomas, can cause headache, trouble thinking, weakness in parts of the body, personality changes, and sometimes seizures. […] Lymphomas of the skin may be seen or felt. They often appear as itchy, red, or purple lumps or bumps under the skin.

• #20 Signs and Symptoms of Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma | American Cancer Society

  https://www.cancer.org/cancer/types/non-hodgkin-lymphoma/detection-diagnosis-staging/signs-symptoms.html

  Non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) can cause different signs and symptoms, depending on the type of lymphoma and where it is in the body. […] Sometimes NHL might not cause any symptoms until it grows quite large. Having one or more of the symptoms below doesnt mean you have lymphoma. In fact, many of the symptoms listed here are more likely to be caused by other conditions, such as an infection. Still, if you have any of these symptoms, have them checked by a doctor so that the cause can be found and treated, if needed. […] Some common signs and symptoms of lymphoma include: Enlarged lymph nodes (sometimes felt as lumps under the skin, especially in the neck, underarm, or groin area), Fever and chills, Weight loss, Fatigue (feeling very tired), Swollen abdomen (belly), Feeling full after only a small amount of food, Chest pain or pressure, Shortness of breath or cough, Severe or frequent infections, Easy bruising or bleeding.

• #21 Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma (NHL) in Children – Stanford Medicine Children’s Health

  https://www.stanfordchildrens.org/en/topic/default?id=non-hodgkin-lymphoma-nhl-in-children-90-P02054

  In many cases, NHL in children may not cause symptoms until it has grown or spread. Many children have advanced disease at the time of diagnosis. This is because the symptoms start suddenly, and the tumors tend to grow fast. A child can become very sick in a very short time (a few days or weeks). […] Symptoms depend on the type of NHL. Symptoms of a belly (abdominal) tumor can include: Abdominal pain, Nausea and vomiting, Fever, Trouble with bowel movements (constipation), Poor appetite. […] Symptoms of a chest tumor include: Trouble breathing or swallowing, Pain with deep breaths, Cough or wheezing, High-pitched breathing sounds, Swelling or skin looks blue on the head and arms. […] Other symptoms may include: Painless swelling of the lymph nodes in neck, chest, abdomen, underarm, or groin, Fever, Sore throat, Bone and joint pain, Night sweats, Tiring easily (fatigue), Weight loss, Poor appetite, Itching of the skin, Recurring infections. […] The symptoms of NHL can be like other health problems. Make sure your child sees a healthcare provider for a diagnosis.

• #22 Symptoms of non-Hodgkin lymphoma | Cancer Research UK

  https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/about-cancer/non-hodgkin-lymphoma/symptoms

  Some people with NHL have lymphoma cells in their bone marrow when they are diagnosed. This can cause low blood cell counts, such as low red blood cell counts (anaemia), causing tiredness and sometimes breathlessness, low white blood cell counts, increasing your risk of getting infections, and low platelet counts, causing bleeding problems such as very heavy periods, nosebleeds, unexplained bruising or a rash of tiny blood spots under the skin. […] Lymphoma that starts in the brain is called primary cerebral lymphoma or primary central nervous system (CNS) lymphoma. This is very rare. It can cause symptoms such as headaches, difficulty thinking, difficulty moving parts of the body, changes in personality, changes to speech, and epileptic fits (seizures). High grade lymphomas that started elsewhere in the body can sometimes spread to the brain. If this happens, you may have similar symptoms to these. You should see your doctor if you have any of these symptoms.

• #23 Lymphoma Symptoms | Hodgkin Lymphoma Symptoms | Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma Symptoms | University of Michigan Comprehensive Cancer Center

  https://www.rogelcancercenter.org/blood-cancer/resources-patients/leukemia-and-lymphoma-awareness/lymphoma-symptoms

  Lymphomas of the skin may be seen or felt. They often start as very itchy, red to purple lumps under the skin. […] Weight loss without a known reason. […] Fever. […] Heavy night sweating (enough to soak clothes and sheets). […] Other symptoms can be caused by low blood counts. Blood counts can become low when lymphoma spreads to the bone marrow and crowds out the normal, healthy cells that make new blood cells. Lymphoma can also cause the body to destroy blood cells. Low blood counts can lead to problems like: […] Severe or frequent infections (from low white blood cell counts). […] Easy bruising or bleeding (from low blood platelet counts). […] Fatigue (from low red blood cell counts or anemia).

• #24 Non-Hodgkin’s Lymphoma Stages and Prognosis

  https://www.webmd.com/cancer/lymphoma/non-hodgkins-lymphoma-stages-prognosis

  When youre diagnosed with non-Hodgkins lymphoma (NHL), the next step is to find out the stage of your cancer. That tells you how much lymphoma is in your body, where it is, and if it has spread outside your lymph system, the network that carries immune cells throughout your body. […] Stage IV lymphoma has spread outside your lymph nodes to many places in your body. NHL tends to spread to the bone marrow, liver, lungs, and the fluid around the brain. […] Your prognosis is a best guess at your chances of recovering from lymphoma after treatment. Your doctor will think about a few things, called prognostic factors, to get an idea of your odds. […] The 5-year relative survival rate for NHL was 74% from 2008 to 2014. This means that people diagnosed with NHL are about 74% as likely as those who dont have NHL to live for at least 5 years after their diagnosis.

• #25 Non-Hodgkin lymphoma | NHS inform

  https://www.nhsinform.scot/illnesses-and-conditions/cancer/cancer-types-in-adults/non-hodgkin-lymphoma/

  Non-Hodgkin lymphoma is usually treated with cancer-killing medication or radiotherapy, although some people may not need treatment straight away. […] Low-grade tumours don’t necessarily require immediate medical treatment, but are harder to completely cure. High-grade lymphomas need to be treated immediately, but tend to respond much better to treatment and can often be cured. […] When the testing is complete, it should be possible to determine the stage of your lymphoma. Staging means scoring the cancer by how far it’s spread. […] The main stages of non-Hodgkin lymphoma are: stage 1 the cancer is limited to 1 group of lymph nodes, such as your neck or groin nodes either above or below your diaphragm; stage 2 2 or more lymph node groups are affected, either above or below the diaphragm; stage 3 the cancer has spread to lymph node groups above and below the diaphragm; stage 4 the lymphoma has spread through the lymphatic system and is now present in organs or bone marrow.

• #26 https://www.lls.org/lymphoma/non-hodgkin-lymphoma/diagnosis/nhl-staging

  https://www.lls.org/lymphoma/non-hodgkin-lymphoma/diagnosis/nhl-staging

  Once your doctor confirms an NHL diagnosis, he or she will determine the extent of your disease’s progression by staging. Staging helps your doctor predict the disease’s progression and develop a treatment plan. […] Keep in mind that the designation stage IV does not have the same implications in NHL as it does for many other types of cancer. Non-Hodgkin lymphoma does not necessarily start at stage I and then progress to stage II, and so forth. In lymphoma, the stage identifies the specific location of the disease. It also does not reflect how well or poorly the patient will respond to treatment. A disease diagnosed as stage IV NHL may be highly treatable, depending on the specific subtype.

• #27 What Are the Symptoms of End Stage Lymphoma? | Sage Family of Companies

  https://sagefoc.com/blog/what-are-the-symptoms-of-end-stage-lymphoma/

  The symptoms of end-of-life lymphoma can vary depending on the affected organs. In the advanced stages, the symptoms of lymphoma worsen, including swelling of the lymph nodes, fatigue, night sweats, recurrent fever, pain, shortness of breath, nausea, vomiting, constipation, and itchy skin. […] When death from lymphoma draws near, you or your loved one may experience: Loss of appetite, Extreme fatigue and tiredness, Trouble breathing, Confusion, Severe pain, Withdrawal from others, Feeling cold, Incontinence. […] In general, signs of the final days of life include: An irregular pulse, A drop in body temperature and blood pressure, Irregular breathing or gasping for air, Mottled skin that’s blue or purple in color. […] Still, both Hodgkins and non-Hodgkins lymphoma can advance to severe stages and lead to death. Sometimes, death results from disease progression and has no specific cause. Other times, the complications from lymphoma cancer lead to death. These complications include infections, organ damage or failure, and bleeding.

• #27 What Are the Symptoms of End Stage Lymphoma? | Sage Family of Companies

  https://sagefoc.com/blog/what-are-the-symptoms-of-end-stage-lymphoma/

  Lymphoma that spreads to other organs in the body is known as stage 4 lymphoma. The cancer may spread to the liver, lungs, and bone marrow. As it progresses, it can damage these organs. When that happens, they may no longer function properly to keep you healthy. […] Lymphoma that invades the bone marrow can cause thrombocytopenia, a condition where your body doesn’t have enough platelets (healthy blood cells that clump together to form a clot) to stop bleeding. […] Lymphoma often becomes terminal at stage 4. During this stage, it has spread to further areas of the body, such as the liver, lungs, or bone marrow. This is considered the most advanced form of lymphoma and can lead to complications that can turn fatal, including serious infections and liver damage. […] While lymphoma is considered a highly treatable form of cancer, severe forms can cause serious complications like infections, organ damage, and bleeding, and turn fatal.

• #28 Lymphoma and the end of life | Lymphoma Action

  https://lymphoma-action.org.uk/about-lymphoma/lymphoma-and-end-life

  Your symptoms at the end of life depend on which of your organs are affected by lymphoma. These differ to those of the common symptoms of lymphoma. We outline some of the symptoms you might experience in the section about how lymphoma can lead to the end of life. […] General symptoms of lymphoma might worsen over time. You might also experience some or all of the following: loss of appetite, fatigue and drowsiness, changes in breathing, confusion, withdrawal and loss of interest, feeling cold, loss of bladder and bowel control (incontinence), pain, inability to close your eyes. […] A lowered appetite is very common towards the end of life. Nutrition becomes less valuable as your body gradually becomes less able to absorb food and turn it into energy. As this happens, you lose weight, feel weaker and less able to concentrate.

• #29 Non-Hodgkin (Non-Hodgkin’s) Lymphoma (for Parents) | Nemours KidsHealth

  https://kidshealth.org/en/parents/non-hodgkin.html

  Non-Hodgkin lymphoma (lim-FOE-muh) is a type of cancer that develops in the white blood cells of the lymphatic system, which is part of the immune system. Symptoms of non-Hodgkin lymphoma vary depending on what part of the body is affected. Some kids might have stomach pain, constipation, and decreased appetite. Others may have trouble breathing or swallowing, coughing or wheezing, or chest pain. Other symptoms can include: swollen lymph nodes in the neck, above the collarbone, in the armpit, or in the groin […] fever, chills, or night sweats […] itchy skin […] weight loss […] tiredness. […] To check for non-Hodgkin lymphoma, doctors look for swollen lymph nodes; breathing problems; or swelling in the belly, face, hands, or feet. If lymphoma is found, other tests can tell the type of lymphoma and whether it has spread (metastasized).

• #30 Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma in Children and Teens – Together by St. Jude™

  https://together.stjude.org/en-us/conditions/cancers/non-hodgkin-lymphoma.html

  Signs and symptoms of lymphoma depend on where the disease starts and may include: […] Swollen lymph nodes in the neck, underarm, and groin […] Fever […] Night sweats […] Weight loss […] Fatigue […] Coughing […] Trouble breathing […] Swelling of the abdomen […] Stomach pain […] Loss of appetite […] Nausea […] Vomiting […] Pale skin […] Bone pain […] Rash with raised red bumps or sores that do not go away. […] The stage will tell how severe the cancer is, and if it has spread to other parts of the body. […] NHL can be aggressive in children, so treatment must start as soon as possible. More aggressive treatment is needed in higher stages of cancer. […] Survival depends on individual factors, but the overall survival rate for children and teens in the United States is good (near 90%).

• #31 Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma in Children

  https://www.nationwidechildrens.org/conditions/health-library/non-hodgkin-lymphoma-in-children

  In many cases, non-Hodgkin lymphoma in children may not cause symptoms until it has grown or spread. […] Most children have stage III or IV disease at the time of diagnosis because of the sudden onset of symptoms and the fact that these lymphomas tend to grow very quickly. The disease can sometimes progress quickly from a few days to a few weeks. A child can go from otherwise healthy to having multisystem involvement in a short time period. […] Some children with non-Hodgkin lymphoma have symptoms of an abdominal mass and have complaints of abdominal pain, fever, constipation, and decreased appetite due to the pressure and obstruction a large tumor in this area can cause. […] Some children with non-Hodgkin lymphoma have symptoms of a mass in their chest and have complaints of respiratory problems, pain with deep breaths (dyspnea), cough, and/or wheezing. Lymphomas in the chest can also press on a main blood vessel (the superior vena cava), which can cause swelling and a bluish coloration in the head and arms. If left unchecked, it can also affect the brain and may even be life-threatening.

• #32 Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma | Symptoms, Diagnosis & Treatment

  https://www.cincinnatichildrens.org/health/n/non-hodgkin-lymphoma

  The symptoms of NHL can depend on: […] Common symptoms can include is painless swelling of the lymph nodes in the neck, armpit or groin. Patients may also develop intermittent fevers, unintentional weight loss and night sweats. […] An enlarged lymph node in the chest or abdomen may not be noticed until it is large enough to cause problems. […] A cough, difficulty breathing, fatigue and shortness of breath can develop from lymph nodes in the chest. […] Pain, vomiting, diarrhea, constipation or weight loss may develop from lymph nodes in the abdomen. […] Currently, the overall survival rate for NHL in countries with advanced medical care is about 90%, depending on type and stage of lymphoma. Children with localized disease have a better prognosis than those with advanced or widespread disease.

• #33 Signs and Symptoms of Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma and Causes

  https://www.lymphoma.ca/lymphoma/non-hodgkin-lymphoma/symptoms-lymphoma/

  Signs and Symptoms of lymphoma are similar to those of other diseases and afflictions. The most common symptom is a painless swelling in a lymph node (called lymphadenopathy). […] Some lymphoma patients notice no swelling at all while others may complain of night sweats, weight loss, chills, a lack of energy or itching. There is usually no pain involved, especially when the lymphoma is in the early stage of development. […] The symptoms of lymphoma are commonly seen in other, less serious illnesses, such as influenza or other viral infection. These symptoms are often overlooked, but in cases of less serious illnesses they would not last very long. With lymphoma, these symptoms persist over time and cannot be explained by an infection or another disease. […] Painless swelling in the upper body lymph nodes, i.e., the neck, collarbone region, armpits or groin.

• #34 Early Symptoms of Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma | Signs of Lymphoma

  https://resources.healthgrades.com/right-care/lymphoma/early-symptoms-of-non-hodgkin-lymphoma

  It’s important to know symptoms that could be an early sign of non-Hodgkin lymphoma might not point to cancer at all. They could be caused by many other problems. The first thing you should do is let your doctor know if you have any of the early warning signs. They need to be checked out. […] Having these risk factors does not mean you will get cancer. Don’t be afraid to let your doctor know about early symptoms of non-Hodgkin lymphoma. With early diagnosis, treatment can be very effective.

• #35 Non-Hodgkin’s Lymphoma Symptoms: Patients Describe Signs of Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma – The Patient Story

  https://thepatientstory.com/patient-stories/non-hodgkin-lymphoma/non-hodgkin-lymphoma-101/symptoms/

  Non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma is one of two major sub-types of lymphoma, the other is Hodgkin lymphoma. […] With lymphoma, lymphocytes’ ability to die is compromised, and these immune cells grow rapidly, mutate and become abnormal, malignant (cancerous) cells. Read on to learn about the early signs, symptoms, and diagnosis of non-Hodgkin lymphoma from real patients. […] Some typical early signs or symptoms are: Swollen lymph node(s) or a lump […] In Patrick Mulick’s case, his only symptom was a lump in his chest: “The first symptom was interesting. I had noticed for a couple of months that I had this bump right on my sternum. That was it. It felt like a bone was popping out but nothing else of concern. I didn’t have any other symptoms.” […] Unexplained weight loss and/or loss of appetite […] For Arielle Rosen her appetite and weight loss wasn’t a concern to her until it paired with swollen lymph nodes: “My appetite waned and I started to lose weight, but didn’t take any action. Then the lymph nodes along my neck, throat, and clavicle area swelled up suddenly.” […] It’s very important to note that a lot of these symptoms can be attributed to other things, but if you have non-Hodgkin lymphoma, these symptoms will last longer or recur more frequently than if you had a cold, the flu, were having a stress response, or something else.

• #36 Symptoms of Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma | Cancer Council NSW

  https://www.cancercouncil.com.au/non-hodgkin-lymphoma/symptoms/

  Non-Hodgkin lymphoma can cause different symptoms depending on where it is found in the body. […] Most common symptom – a painless swelling in the neck, under the arm or in the groin, caused by enlarged lymph nodes. […] B symptoms – having a fever with no obvious cause; lots of sweating, especially at night; and losing weight without trying. […] Other symptoms – may include feeling very tired, weak, drained and worn-out (known as fatigue) or, in rare cases, having itchy skin. […] Sometimes non-Hodgkin lymphoma starts in lymph nodes in deeper parts of the body, such as the stomach or spleen (causing bloating or back pain), bowels or abdomen (causing low appetite, stomach upsets, changes in bowel movements or belly pain), chest (causing coughing and difficulty swallowing or breathing), brain and spinal cord (causing headaches or double vision). […] These symptoms are common to many conditions, such as the flu or a virus. If you have any symptoms without an obvious cause, make an appointment to see your general practitioner (GP).

• #37 Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma | Hematology-Oncology Associates of CNY

  https://www.hoacny.com/patient-resources/types-cancer/non-hodgkin-lymphoma

  When fever, drenching night sweats, and weight loss occur together, this group of symptoms is called B symptoms. […] Certain factors affect prognosis (chance of recovery) and treatment options. […] The prognosis and treatment options depend on the following: The patient’s signs and symptoms, including whether or not they have B symptoms (fever for no known reason, weight loss for no known reason, or drenching night sweats). The stage of the cancer (the size of the cancer tumors and whether the cancer has spread to other parts of the body or lymph nodes). The type of non-Hodgkin lymphoma. […] Some types of non-Hodgkin lymphoma spread more quickly than others do. Most non-Hodgkin lymphomas that occur during pregnancy are aggressive. Delaying treatment of aggressive lymphoma until after the baby is born may lessen the mother’s chance of survival. Immediate treatment is often recommended, even during pregnancy.

• #38 Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma: Symptoms, Causes, Diagnosis, Treatment

  https://www.verywellhealth.com/non-hodgkin-lymphoma-overview-4771855

  Signs and symptoms of non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma may include: Painless, enlarged lymph nodes […] Fatigue […] Abdominal discomfort or fullness […] Chest pain, shortness of breath, or cough […] Easy bruising or bleeding […] Fever, night sweats, or unexplained weight loss. […] Systemic symptoms that come from inflammation, or „B symptoms, sometimes occur in NHL and include unexplained fever, drenching night sweats, and unintentional weight loss greater than 10 percent of normal body weight over six months. […] Most patients with aggressive NHL have advanced-stage disease (i.e., stage III/IV) at diagnosis. […] Across the different types of NHL, what the pathologist describes as a high-grade or intermediate-grade lymphoma usually grows fast in the body, so these two types are considered aggressive NHL. In contrast, low-grade NHL grows slowly, and these lymphomas are therefore called indolent NHL. Compared with aggressive NHLs, indolent NHLs typically do not give rise to too many symptoms, but they also may be harder to eradicate and are less likely to be cured. […] A small subset of indolent lymphomas such as follicular lymphoma transforms into aggressive lymphomas over time.

• #39 Lymphoma: Symptoms, Causes and Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/22225-lymphoma

  A swollen lymph node may be a sign of lymphoma. […] Symptoms common to Hodgkin lymphoma and non-Hodgkin lymphoma can include: Painless swelling of one or more lymph nodes in your neck, armpits or groin that doesn’t go away within a few weeks. Persistent fatigue, when you feel very tired day after day even after getting enough sleep. Fever stays above 103 degrees Fahrenheit (39.5 degrees Celsius) for more than two days, or a fever that comes back. Drenching night sweats, sweating that are so intense that you wake up to find your pajamas and sheets soaking wet. Shortness of breath (dyspnea), when you feel as if you can’t get enough air in your lungs. Unexplained weight loss, when you’ve lost 10% of your total body weight over six months without dieting or exercise. […] Your prognosis is what you can expect after completing treatment. Your specific prognosis depends on your situation, such as the type of lymphoma you have, your age and your overall health. That said, treatment often puts lymphoma into remission or cures the condition. Remission means you don’t have lymphoma symptoms and tests don’t find signs of lymphoma. […] Overall, survival rate data show 89% of people with Hodgkin lymphoma and 74% of people with non-Hodgkin lymphoma were alive five years after diagnosis.

• #40 Non-Hodgkin’s Lymphoma: Symptoms and Types

  https://patient.info/cancer/blood-cancers/non-hodgkins-lymphoma

  Many people with a high-grade non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma will be cured. Therefore, the usual aim of treatment for high-grade non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma is to cure it. A cure is most likely in cases which are at an early stage. However, there is still a good chance of a cure even with those in more advanced stages. […] With slow-growing low-grade non-Hodgkin’s lymphomas, chemotherapy is less likely to be curative than with high-grade non-Hodgkin’s lymphomas. However, treatment may control the disease and keep you free of symptoms for months or years. Also, because they are slow-growing, often low-grade non-Hodgkin’s lymphomas appear slow to cause any pain (indolent) and not really to progress very much for quite some time.

• #41 Non-Hodgkin lymphoma – Wikipedia

  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Non-Hodgkin_lymphoma

  Symptoms include enlarged lymph nodes, fever, night sweats, weight loss, and tiredness. […] Other symptoms may include bone pain, chest pain, or itchiness. […] Some forms are slow-growing while others are fast-growing. […] Prognosis depends on the subtype, the staging, a person’s age, and other factors. Across all subtypes, 5-year survival for NHL is 71-74%.

• #42 Non-Hodgkin’s Lymphoma Overview : Diagnosis, types, treatments

  https://thepatientstory.com/patient-stories/non-hodgkin-lymphoma/non-hodgkin-lymphoma-101/

  Pain, swelling, or a feeling of fullness in the abdomen. […] Lymphoma usually starts in a lymph node. It can spread to nearly any other part of the body. For example, it can spread to the liver, lungs, bone, and bone marrow. […] Aggressive (also called intermediate-grade and high-grade) lymphomas grow and spread more quickly. They tend to cause severe symptoms. Over time, many indolent lymphomas become aggressive lymphomas.

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