Chłoniak nieziarniczy
Zapobieganie i profilaktyka

Chłoniak nieziarniczy (NHL) stanowi złożoną grupę nowotworów układu limfatycznego, dla których profilaktyka pierwotna jest utrudniona ze względu na niepełne poznanie etiologii oraz brak modyfikowalnych czynników ryzyka u większości pacjentów. Kluczowe strategie zapobiegania obejmują utrzymanie prawidłowej funkcji immunologicznej poprzez unikanie zakażeń wirusowych powiązanych z NHL (HIV, EBV, HTLV-1, HCV), stosowanie bezpiecznych praktyk seksualnych, unikanie narkotyków dożylnych, a także zdrowy styl życia: utrzymanie prawidłowej masy ciała, regularną aktywność fizyczną, dietę bogatą w warzywa, owoce i pełnoziarniste produkty, ograniczenie spożycia alkoholu oraz zaprzestanie palenia tytoniu. Dodatkowo, ograniczenie ekspozycji na pestycydy, herbicydy, rozpuszczalniki organiczne i promieniowanie jonizujące jest istotne w zmniejszaniu ryzyka rozwoju NHL. Leczenie zakażeń bakteryjnych (np. Helicobacter pylori) i wirusowych może również przyczynić się do redukcji ryzyka.

Profilaktyka chłoniaka nieziarniczego

Chłoniak nieziarniczy (NHL, ang. Non-Hodgkin lymphoma) to grupa nowotworów układu limfatycznego, które stanowią istotne wyzwanie terapeutyczne w hematoonkologii. Obecnie nie istnieje pewny i jednoznaczny sposób zapobiegania chłoniakom nieziarniczym, ponieważ wiedza o dokładnych przyczynach ich powstawania jest wciąż niepełna. Większość pacjentów z rozpoznaniem NHL nie posiada modyfikowalnych czynników ryzyka, co ogranicza możliwości profilaktyki pierwotnej tych nowotworów12. Istnieją jednak pewne strategie postępowania, które mogą zmniejszyć ryzyko zachorowania u części osób.

Wzmacnianie układu odpornościowego

Ponieważ chłoniaki nieziarnicze dotykają układu odpornościowego, kluczowym aspektem profilaktyki jest utrzymanie prawidłowej funkcji immunologicznej organizmu12. Obejmuje to:

Modyfikacja stylu życia

Badania wskazują, że pewne aspekty stylu życia mogą wpływać na ryzyko rozwoju chłoniaka nieziarniczego12:

  • Utrzymanie prawidłowej masy ciała – niektóre badania sugerują, że otyłość może zwiększać ryzyko wystąpienia NHL. Utrzymanie prawidłowej masy ciała poprzez odpowiednią dietę i aktywność fizyczną może być ważnym czynnikiem profilaktycznym12
  • Regularna aktywność fizyczna – ćwiczenia fizyczne wzmacniają układ odpornościowy, zmniejszają stan zapalny i przyczyniają się do utrzymania prawidłowej masy ciała12
  • Zdrowa dieta – oparta na warzywach, owocach, pełnoziarnistych produktach i ograniczająca spożycie czerwonego mięsa, przetworzonego mięsa, słodkich napojów i wysoko przetworzonych produktów12
  • Ograniczenie spożycia alkoholu – nadmierne spożycie alkoholu może osłabiać układ odpornościowy12
  • Zaprzestanie palenia tytoniu – które może wpływać negatywnie na genetykę zdrowych komórek i zwiększać ryzyko rozwoju nowotworów12

Unikanie szkodliwych czynników środowiskowych

Ekspozycja na niektóre substancje chemiczne, fizyczne i biologiczne może zwiększać ryzyko wystąpienia NHL. Strategie zapobiegawcze obejmują12:

  • Ograniczenie kontaktu z pestycydami i herbicydami – badania wskazują na związek między ekspozycją na te substancje a zwiększonym ryzykiem zachorowania na chłoniaka nieziarniczego12
  • Unikanie kontaktu z rozpuszczalnikami organicznymi – szczególnie z węglowodorami, które wiązane są z wyższym ryzykiem NHL1
  • Przestrzeganie zasad bezpieczeństwa w środowisku pracy – zwłaszcza w zawodach związanych z rolnictwem, przemysłem gumowym, drzewnym, leśnictwem, drukarskim i spawalnictwem1
  • Ograniczenie ekspozycji na promieniowanie jonizujące – w tym unikanie niepotrzebnych badań obrazowych wykorzystujących promieniowanie X1

Leczenie zakażeń związanych z chłoniakiem

Niektóre zakażenia bakteryjne i wirusowe są powiązane ze zwiększonym ryzykiem NHL. Ich odpowiednie leczenie może potencjalnie zmniejszyć to ryzyko1:

  • Leczenie zakażenia Helicobacter pylori – które jest związane z niektórymi chłoniakami żołądka. Stosowanie antybiotyków i leków zmniejszających wydzielanie kwasu solnego może zmniejszyć to ryzyko, choć korzyść z tej strategii nie została jeszcze w pełni udowodniona1
  • Terapia zakażeń wirusowych – odpowiednie leczenie zakażeń HIV, HCV oraz innych może pomóc w zmniejszeniu ryzyka rozwoju chłoniaka1

Profilaktyka układu nerwowego centralnego w chłoniaku nieziarniczym

Szczególnym rodzajem profilaktyki w chłoniaku nieziarniczym jest zapobieganie zajęciu ośrodkowego układu nerwowego (OUN), co stanowi poważne powikłanie mogące prowadzić do znacznego pogorszenia rokowania. Profilaktyka OUN (ang. CNS prophylaxis) jest stosowana u wybranych pacjentów z wysokim ryzykiem zajęcia układu nerwowego1.

Wskazania do profilaktyki OUN

Nie wszyscy pacjenci z chłoniakiem nieziarniczym wymagają profilaktyki OUN. Stosuje się ją głównie u osób z określonymi typami chłoniaków lub z czynnikami ryzyka zajęcia układu nerwowego1:

  • Chłoniaki o wysokim stopniu złośliwości – profilaktyka OUN stanowi standardowy element leczenia w przypadku bardzo agresywnych chłoniaków nieziarniczych, takich jak chłoniak Burkitta czy chłoniak limfoblastyczny1
  • Chłoniak rozlany z dużych komórek B (DLBCL) z określonymi czynnikami ryzyka, takimi jak zajęcie określonych lokalizacji pozawęzłowych (np. jąder, piersi, zatok przynosowych, jajników czy kręgosłupa)1
  • Chłoniaki z zajęciem narządów o wysokim ryzyku – np. DLBCL zajmujący piersi lub macicę1

W przypadku chłoniaków o niskim stopniu złośliwości lub chłoniaka Hodgkina profilaktyka OUN zazwyczaj nie jest konieczna1.

Metody profilaktyki OUN

Strategie profilaktyki OUN obejmują różne podejścia terapeutyczne, których wybór zależy od typu chłoniaka i czynników ryzyka1:

Badania wykazują, że nie ma istotnej różnicy w częstości nawrotów w OUN pomiędzy różnymi drogami podawania profilaktyki. Wskaźniki nawrotów w podgrupach wysokiego ryzyka pozostają jednak podwyższone, co wskazuje na potrzebę ponownego rozważenia strategii profilaktycznych w DLBCL1.

Profilaktyka przeciwzakaźna

Pacjenci z chłoniakiem nieziarniczym, zwłaszcza podczas intensywnej chemioterapii, są narażeni na zwiększone ryzyko zakażeń. Profilaktyka przeciwzakaźna (ang. anti-infective prophylaxis, AIP) jest stosowana w celu zapobiegania powikłaniom infekcyjnym1:

Badania wykazują jednak ograniczone stosowanie profilaktyki przeciwzakaźnej u pacjentów z NHL w ośrodkach społecznych w USA. Dane sugerują ogólnie niskie wykorzystanie AIP podczas terapii NHL, a cechy pacjentów nie wydają się przewidywać, czy pacjent otrzyma AIP. Potrzebne są dodatkowe badania w celu oceny najlepszych praktyk stosowania AIP, aby można było zmniejszyć powikłania związane z zakażeniami u pacjentów z NHL1.

Badania nad profilaktyką chłoniaka nieziarniczego

Prowadzone są zaawansowane badania mające na celu lepsze zrozumienie czynników ryzyka i opracowanie skuteczniejszych strategii zapobiegania chłoniakom nieziarniczym1:

  • Badania epidemiologiczne – mające na celu określenie globalnego i regionalnego obciążenia chłoniakiem nieziarniczym związanym z HIV, co może pomóc w opracowaniu ukierunkowanych strategii zapobiegania i kontroli1
  • Badania biomarkerów – identyfikacja markerów biologicznych związanych z chłoniakiem nieziarniczym, co może przyczynić się do wczesnego wykrywania i zapobiegania12
  • Badania nad szczepionkami – naukowcy pracują nad strategiami szczepień przeciwko wirusowi Epsteina-Barr, co mogłoby potencjalnie zapobiegać niektórym typom chłoniaków1
  • Badania czynników środowiskowych i zawodowych – mające na celu lepsze zrozumienie związku między ekspozycją na czynniki środowiskowe a rozwojem chłoniaka nieziarniczego, co może wspierać działania profilaktyczne i programy nadzoru dla pracowników12

Podsumowanie zaleceń profilaktycznych

Mimo że nie istnieje skuteczna metoda całkowitego zapobiegania chłoniakowi nieziarniczemu, osoby z grup ryzyka mogą podjąć następujące działania w celu zmniejszenia ryzyka12:

  • Unikanie narażenia na wirusy związane z rozwojem chłoniaka (HIV, HCV, HTLV-1, EBV) poprzez bezpieczne zachowania seksualne i unikanie używania narkotyków dożylnych1
  • Utrzymanie prawidłowej masy ciała poprzez zdrową dietę bogatą w owoce, warzywa i pełne ziarna, a ograniczającą czerwone i przetworzone mięso1
  • Regularna aktywność fizyczna1
  • Ograniczenie spożycia alkoholu1
  • Zaprzestanie palenia tytoniu1
  • Unikanie ekspozycji na pestycydy, herbicydy i inne szkodliwe substancje chemiczne1
  • Przestrzeganie zasad bezpieczeństwa i higieny pracy, szczególnie w zawodach zwiększających ryzyko NHL1
  • Regularne badania kontrolne u osób z grupy wysokiego ryzyka1
  • Leczenie zakażeń powiązanych z rozwojem chłoniaka (H. pylori, HIV, HCV)1

Osoby zdiagnozowane z chłoniakiem nieziarniczym o wysokim ryzyku zajęcia OUN powinny omówić ze swoim zespołem medycznym potrzebę zastosowania profilaktyki OUN12.

Warto podkreślić, że pomimo stosowania wszystkich możliwych środków zapobiegawczych, większość przypadków chłoniaka nieziarniczego rozwija się u osób bez znanych czynników ryzyka lub z czynnikami niemodyfikowalnymi, takimi jak wiek czy predyspozycje genetyczne12. Dlatego kontynuowanie badań nad przyczynami i mechanizmami powstawania chłoniaka nieziarniczego jest kluczowe dla opracowania skuteczniejszych strategii profilaktycznych w przyszłości1.

Kolejne rozdziały

Zapraszamy do dalszego czytania naszego leksykonu.

Wybierz kolejny rozdział z menu poniżej, aby otworzyć nową podstronę kompedium wiedzy i uzyskać szczegółowe informację o leku, substancji lub chorobie.

  1. 10.04.2026
  2. www.leksykon.com.pl

Materiały źródłowe

  • #1 Can Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma Be Prevented? | American Cancer Society
    https://www.cancer.org/cancer/types/non-hodgkin-lymphoma/causes-risks-prevention/prevention.html
    There is no sure way to prevent non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL). But there are some things you can do that might help lower your risk. […] Most people with NHL have no risk factors that can be changed, so there is no way to protect against these lymphomas. But you may be able to lower your risk by limiting your risk of certain infections and doing what you can to maintain a healthy immune system. […] Infection with HIV, the virus that causes AIDS, is known to increase the risk of NHL, so one way to limit your risk is to avoid known risk factors for HIV, such as intravenous drug use or unprotected sex with many partners. […] Preventing the spread of the human T-cell lymphotropic virus (HTLV-1) could have a great impact on non-Hodgkin lymphoma in areas of the world where this virus is common, such as Japan and the Caribbean region.
  • #1
    https://winshipcancer.emory.edu/cancer-types-and-treatments/lymphoma/prevention.php
    There is no guaranteed way to prevent lymphoma. And while the causes of Hodgkin and non-Hodgkin lymphoma are still being studied, you can lower your risk of getting the disease. […] Because lymphoma affects your immune system, there are steps you can take to prevent it, such as limiting your risk of contracting infections and making lifestyle changes that help you maintain a healthy immune system. You can also reduce your risk if you: […] Besides researching new therapies for treating lymphoma, Winship Cancer Institute is also collaborating on a study to determine how to prevent non-Hodgkin lymphoma. The study is a collaborative effort among eight centers nationwide examining, among other things, biological markers that may be associated with non-Hodgkin lymphoma.
  • #1 Non-Hodgkin’s Lymphoma: Symptoms, Causes, and More
    https://www.healthline.com/health/non-hodgkins-lymphoma
    Theres no known way to prevent NHL. It may be possible to lower your risk for the condition by avoiding known risk factors such as obesity and HIV: […] Using barrier methods each time you engage in sexual activity can lower your chances of contracting HIV. […] Avoiding intravenous drug use or using clean needles when injecting drugs can lower your chances of contracting HIV or hepatitis C. […] The following actions can help prevent obesity and may protect against lymphoma: staying at a moderate weight, keeping physically active, following a nutritious diet with lots of fruit, vegetables, and whole grains, and limited sugary drinks, red or processed meats, and highly processed foods. […] However, some important risk factors, such as age and family history, are fixed and cant be changed.
  • #1 Non Hodgkin’s Lymphoma Prevention Strategies – Acibadem Health Point – ACIBADEM Hospitals – Acibadem Health Group
    https://www.acibademhealthpoint.com/non-hodgkins-lymphoma-prevention-strategies/
    A good night’s sleep and how we handle stress are key to a strong immune system. They help us stay healthy and fight off diseases like non Hodgkin’s lymphoma. […] Preventing Non Hodgkin’s lymphoma means looking at many risks. You should know these risks and try to lower them. Doing this can help lower your chance of getting lymphoma. […] To stop Non Hodgkin’s lymphoma, first, learn about risks. These come from genetics, what’s in your environment, and your past health. Research shows checking your family history and doing early genetic tests are important for seeing your risk. […] Ways to prevent this lymphoma include living healthy and seeing the doctor often. Also, try not to be around bad chemicals. Journals like Lancet Oncology and Oncotarget say these steps make you healthier. […] Knowing and acting on risk factors is key to stop Non Hodgkin’s lymphoma. With smart and healthy choices, you can cut your disease risk a lot.
  • #1 Non-Hodgkin’s Lymphoma Risk Factors and Prevention Measures
    https://www.hcgoncology.com/types-of-cancers/non-hodgkins-lymphoma-prevention/
    Maintaining a healthy weight is a crucial non-Hodgkins lymphoma prevention measure. Obesity has been associated with an increased risk of certain lymphomas, and adopting a lifestyle that includes balanced nutrition and regular physical activity contributes to overall well-being and lowers the risk of lymphoma development. […] Engaging in regular physical activity not only promotes cardiovascular health but also plays a role in non-Hodgkins lymphoma prevention. Exercise boosts the immune system, reduces inflammation, and contributes to weight management, all of which are key factors in lowering the risk of non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma. […] Adopting a nutritious diet rich in fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and lean proteins is also an important non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma prevention measure. Antioxidant-rich foods contribute to overall health and may help protect against cellular damage that can lead to lymphoma. A well-balanced diet supports the body’s immune system and aids in maintaining optimal health. […] Adopting appropriate preventive strategies can, however, reduce ones chances of developing non-Hodgkins lymphoma.
  • #1 Reducing your risk for non-Hodgkin lymphoma | Canadian Cancer Society
    https://cancer.ca/en/cancer-information/cancer-types/non-hodgkin-lymphoma/risks/reducing-your-risk
    You may lower your risk of developing non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) by doing the following. […] Avoid exposure to pesticides. Lindane is an insecticide that increases the risk of NHL, and other pesticides may possibly increase your risk. Avoid or lower your long-term exposure to pesticides. […] Have a healthy body weight. Some studies have shown that obesity may increase your risk of NHL. You may lower your risk by having a healthy body weight. […] Follow occupational and safety guidelines. Some occupations, such as farming, the rubber industry, wood and forestry, printing and welding, may increase the risk of NHL. […] Find out if you’re at high risk for NHL. Some people can have a higher than average risk for NHL. Talk to your doctor about your risk. If you are at higher than average risk, you may need to visit your doctor more often to check for NHL.
  • #1 Lymphoma Prevention Tips & Risk Factors | HCG Oncology
    http://www.hcgoncology.com/types-of-cancers/lymphoma-prevention/
    As excessive alcohol consumption can weaken an individual’s immune system, it is recommended to limit its consumption to reduce the risk of lymphoma. […] Certain infections associated with lymphoma, such as Epstein-Barr virus or Hepatitis C virus (HCV), can hamper the healthy DNA of the cells; treating them can help in potential lymphoma prevention as well. […] Minimizing excessive exposure to toxic chemicals, such as benzene, can also help reduce the risk of developing lymphoma. […] As radiation exposure can damage the DNA structure of healthy cells, leading to an increased risk of lymphoma, it is often recommended to limit radiation exposure as much as possible. […] As lymphoma affects the lymphatic system, an important part of the immune system, experts advise making efforts to maintain a healthy immune system for potential lymphoma prevention.
  • #1 Lymphoma Prevention Tips & Risk Factors | HCG Oncology
    http://www.hcgoncology.com/types-of-cancers/lymphoma-prevention/
    Unfortunately, there is no decisive answer on how to prevent lymphoma. The main reason for this is that we do not have complete information about the exact causes of lymphoma. […] However, understanding lymphoma risk factors can play a significant role in reducing the chances of developing lymphoma. […] Though there are no definitive ways of preventing lymphoma, adopting certain measures can surely help reduce the risk of developing cancer. […] Smoking can have an adverse effect on the genetics of healthy cells, increasing the chances of cancer development. Thus, it is recommended to quit smoking as a potential lymphoma cancer prevention strategy. […] A potential lymphoma prevention diet should include a balance of fruits, whole grains, and nuts while limiting the intake of processed meats and sugary drinks.
  • #1 Investigation of occupational risk factors for the development of non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma in adults: A hospital-based case-control study | PLOS One
    https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0297140
    Non-Hodgkins Lymphoma (NHL) is a malignancy of the lymphoid lineage of the hematopoietic system has worldwide, especially in developed countries. […] Occupational exposures to chemical, biological, and physical agents have also been associated with NHL development, but the results are still controversial. […] The best-established risk factors for NHL are immunosuppression; infections, including HIV/AIDS virus, hepatitis C, Epstein- Barr; and autoimmune diseases. […] Other factors for the development of NHL include smoking (follicular lymphoma) and occupation, especially occupational exposure to specific chemical, physical, and biological agents. […] The chemical agents most consistently associated with NHL, mentioned in the literature, are solvents and pesticides. […] Thus, the aim of this study was to describe the socio-demographic and clinical data of patients treated at the Brazilian National Cancer Institute (INCA), in addition to assess whether there is an association between occupational exposures to chemical, physical and biological agents and the chance of developing NHL in these patients. Also, it is expected that the results of this study will support the implementation of actions to prevent and control exposure to carcinogens in the work environment.
  • #1 Investigation of occupational risk factors for the development of non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma in adults: A hospital-based case-control study | PLOS One
    https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0297140
    The results of this study support the hypothesis that occupational exposure to any solvents, hydrocarbons solvents, pesticides, meat and meat products, and sunlight is related to an increased chance of developing non-Hodgkins Lymphoma in adults. […] Therefore, the results of this present study can contribute to and support strategies in for public health and surveillance programs for workers.
  • #1 Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma
    https://www.health.ny.gov/statistics/cancer/registry/abouts/nhl.htm
    Exercise regularly. […] Do not smoke. If you currently smoke, quit. Avoid exposure to secondhand smoke. […] Discuss the risks and benefits of medical imaging, such as CT scans, with your health care provider to avoid unnecessary exposure to ionizing radiation. […] Talk with your health care provider about recommended cancer screenings.
  • #1 Can Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma Be Prevented? | American Cancer Society
    https://www.cancer.org/cancer/types/non-hodgkin-lymphoma/causes-risks-prevention/prevention.html
    Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection has been linked to some lymphomas of the stomach. Treating H. pylori infections with antibiotics and antacids may lower this risk, but the benefit of this strategy has not been proven yet. […] Some studies have suggested that having excess body weight may increase your risk of non-Hodgkin lymphoma. Staying at a healthy weight, keeping physically active, and following a healthy eating pattern that includes plenty of fruits, vegetables, and whole grains, and that limits or avoids red and processed meats, sugary drinks, and highly processed foods may help protect against lymphoma, but more research is needed to confirm this.
  • #1 Non-Hodgkin’s Lymphoma Risk Factors and Prevention Measures
    https://www.hcgoncology.com/types-of-cancers/non-hodgkins-lymphoma-prevention/
    Non-Hodgkins lymphoma risk factors refer to those that increase ones chances of developing non-Hodgkins lymphoma. Learning about the different risk factors of NHL helps devise appropriate non-Hodgkins lymphoma prevention strategies. […] Learning about the different risk factors can help in devising the appropriate non-Hodgkins lymphoma prevention measures. These measures do not prevent the disease; however, they help reducing its risk to some extent. The following are the important non-Hodgkins lymphoma prevention measures: […] One of the important non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma prevention measures involves managing infections like HIV and hepatitis C. Timely diagnosis and treatment of these viral infections can reduce the risk of developing lymphomas associated with weakened immune systems, emphasizing the importance of regular screenings and antiviral therapies.
  • #1 CNS prophylaxis | Lymphoma Action
    https://lymphoma-action.org.uk/about-lymphoma-treatment-lymphoma-chemotherapy/cns-prophylaxis
    Most people have a low risk of their lymphoma spreading to the CNS and do not need CNS prophylaxis. […] If you are at high risk of your lymphoma spreading to your CNS, your medical team might offer you treatment that aims to stop it developing. This is called CNS prophylaxis. […] Your medical team will only suggest CNS prophylaxis if you have certain types of lymphoma, or risk factors that make your type of lymphoma more likely to spread to the CNS. […] People with low-grade non-Hodgkin lymphoma or Hodgkin lymphoma are unlikely to need CNS prophylaxis. […] CNS prophylaxis is part of the standard treatment for very fast-growing types of non-Hodgkin lymphoma, such as Burkitt lymphoma or lymphoblastic lymphoma. […] For other types of high-grade non-Hodgkin lymphoma, your medical team consider your individual risk factors.
  • #1 CNS prophylaxis | Lymphoma Action
    https://lymphoma-action.org.uk/about-lymphoma-treatment-lymphoma-chemotherapy/cns-prophylaxis
    Your medical team might also suggest CNS prophylaxis if you have DLBCL affecting your breasts or womb (uterus). […] Many doctors use the same criteria as DLBCL to decide whether or not to offer CNS prophylaxis to people with other types of high-grade non-Hodgkin lymphoma. […] Speak to your medical team if you are worried about your risk of developing lymphoma in your CNS. They can advise you on whether or not you need CNS prophylaxis.
  • #1 Single-route CNS prophylaxis for aggressive non-Hodgkin lymphomas: real-world outcomes from 21 US academic institutions
    https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34570876/
    Prophylaxis is commonly used to prevent central nervous system (CNS) relapse in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL), with no clear standard of care. […] This large study of CNS prophylaxis recipients with DLBCL found no significant difference in CNS relapse rates between routes of administration. Relapse rates among high-risk subgroups remain elevated, and reconsideration of prophylaxis strategies in DLBCL is of critical need.
  • #1 Trends in Use of Anti-Infective Prophylaxis With Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma Treatment – Oncology Nurse Advisor
    https://www.oncologynurseadvisor.com/news/trends-in-use-of-anti-infective-prophylaxis-with-nhl-treatment/
    A review of data from a large database demonstrated limited use of anti-infective prophylaxis in patients with non-Hodgkin lymphoma across US community settings nationwide. […] Use of anti-infective prophylaxis (AIP) in patients with non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) differed significantly across US community settings. […] Although infection complications lead to morbidity and mortality for patients with NHL, evidence to guide which clinical situations should prompt AIP is limited. […] These data suggested there was generally low AIP utilization during NHL therapy and that patient characteristics did not seem to predict whether a patient would receive AIP. Additional study is needed to assess best practices for AIP use such that complications from infections may be reduced in patients with NHL.
  • #1 Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma (NHL) – International Association of Providers of AIDS Care
    https://www.iapac.org/fact-sheet/non-hodgkin-lymphoma-nhl/
    At the present time we dont know how to prevent NHL. […] People diagnosed with NHL are at a higher risk of developing pneumocystis pneumonia (PCP) and should take medications to prevent it.
  • #1 Study to quantify non-Hodgkin lymphoma risk in HIV | EATG
    https://www.eatg.org/hiv-news/study-to-quantify-non-hodgkin-lymphoma-risk-in-hiv/
    A meta-analysis study will estimate the global and regional burden of HIV-associated non-Hodgkin lymphoma to aid the development of prevention and control strategies. […] Considering the global impact of HIV-associated NHL, we believe that conducting research on estimating the global burden of the disease can provide valuable insights for developing targeted prevention and control strategies, thereby achieving significant benefits, the authors wrote. […] Given the close relationship between HIV and NHL, it is crucial to be concerned about the trajectory of the burden of HIV-associated NHL, the authors wrote.
  • #1 Hodgkin Lymphoma Screening/Prevention | Nebraska Hematology Oncology – Cancer Care Treatment Blood Disorders Clinical Trials Lincoln Nebraska (NE)
    https://www.yourcancercare.com/types-of-cancer/hodgkin-lymphoma/hodgkin-lymphoma-screeningprevention
    Cancer is largely a preventable illness. Two-thirds of cancer deaths in the U.S. can be linked to tobacco use, poor diet, obesity, and lack of exercise. All of these factors can be modified. Nevertheless, an awareness of the opportunity to prevent cancer through changes in lifestyle is still under-appreciated. The overwhelming majority of cases of Hodgkins disease cannot be prevented since we do not know the cause. […] Scientists around the world have been working on vaccine strategies against Epstein-Barr virus associated diseases. This work has been hampered by an inability to identify the characteristics of the virus when it remains dormant in the body. However, there is currently some optimism that vaccine trials aimed at controlling infectious mononucleosis, post-transplant lymphoproliferative disease, nasopharyngeal carcinoma and Hodgkins disease may soon be justified.
  • #1 Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma
    https://www.health.ny.gov/statistics/cancer/registry/abouts/nhl.htm
    Non-Hodgkin lymphoma occurs more frequently among men than among women. […] Individuals with suppressed immune systems due to HIV/AIDS should talk with their health care provider about treatment and risk for non-Hodgkin lymphoma. […] Individuals with autoimmune disorders should talk with their health care providers about their risk for getting non-Hodgkin lymphoma. […] Know your family history and discuss any concerns with your health care provider. […] The following may help reduce the risk of developing cancer: Be aware of workplace health and safety rules and follow them. […] Limit alcohol use. […] Choose a healthy diet to achieve and maintain a healthy weight. Eat more vegetables, fruits and whole grains and eat less red and processed (e.g., bacon, sausage, luncheon meat, hot dogs) meats.
  • #1 Environmental Public Health Tracking: Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma Data | Wisconsin Department of Health Services
    https://www.dhs.wisconsin.gov/epht/lymphoma.htm
    The best way to minimize risk for non-Hodgkin lymphoma is to reduce exposure to known risk factors, such as reducing the spread of HIV. HIV is spread through sexual contact or sharing contaminated needles by injection drug users. […] Researchers are exploring the relationship between some infectious diseases and lymphoma. It is possible that methods to prevent non-Hodgkin lymphomas may be discovered in the near future.
  • #1 Can Diet Cure Lymphoma? Foods To Eat and Avoid
    https://health.clevelandclinic.org/diet-for-lymphoma
    When you’re going through treatment for lymphoma or even if you’re looking to reduce your risk of getting it eating the right foods is key. […] Studies have found a link between a diet high in certain foods and a higher risk of lymphoma, notes Bode. Try to limit or avoid these foods and reach for more nutritious options that suit your taste. […] Research has shown that eating the right foods can help prevent non-Hodgkin lymphomas. Bode recommends a plant-based diet. […] A plant-based Mediterranean diet has anti-inflammatory effects that can help you avoid all types of non-Hodgkin lymphomas, says Bode. […] Overall, remember that a healthy diet has the power to help you prevent lymphoma or feel your best during cancer treatment.
  • #1 Non Hodgkin’s Lymphoma Prevention Strategies – Acibadem Health Point – ACIBADEM Hospitals – Acibadem Health Group
    https://www.acibademhealthpoint.com/non-hodgkins-lymphoma-prevention-strategies/
    Studies in the Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine point to pesticides as a lymphoma risk. They show a clear link. Being careful, like wearing protective clothes and picking organic, lowers this risk. […] It’s key to find lymphoma early for better prevention. Having check-ups often and checking genes are big helps. They spot risks early and make doing something about it easier. […] Seeing the doctor often is great for stopping lymphoma. Doctors can find signs early, helping you get care quickly. Keeping up with check-ups helps catch any problems fast. […] If lymphoma runs in your family, genetic testing is important. It looks for signs in your genes that mean a higher risk. Combining this with regular check-ups boosts finding problems early. […] Eating right is key to staying healthy and avoiding illnesses like lymphoma. Health experts advise focusing on fruits, veggies, and whole grains. They say to stay away from processed foods too.
  • #1 Prevention & Risk Factors | Saint Francis Health System
    https://www.saintfrancis.com/services/cancer-care/conditions-treatments/non-hodgkins-lymphoma/prevention-risk-factors
    The cause of non-Hodgkins lymphoma is unknown. Mutations in DNA that occur after birth may be related to this cancer. These mutations can occur as a result of exposure to radiation or cancer-causing chemicals. It may also occur with age or for no apparent reason. The cancer care specialists at the Saint Francis Cancer Center want to educate you on prevention and risk factors associated with this type of lymphoma. […] There are no guidelines for preventing non-Hodgkins lymphoma. To reduce your risk, avoid exposure to chemicals such as herbicides, pesticides and benzene. If you have celiac disease (gluten intolerance), maintain your gluten-free diet. This diet will minimize the stimulation of your immune system by exposure to gluten.
  • #2 Non-Hodgkin’s Lymphoma Cancer Symptoms, Survival Rate, Treatment
    https://www.medicinenet.com/non-hodgkins_lymphomas/article.htm
    Is it possible to prevent non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma? […] Most people with non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma have no identifiable risk factors. This makes it difficult to prevent the disease. […] Most known causes of lymphoma are difficult to avoid, such as medications that suppress the immune system, as they are usually life-saving medications needed for other reasons. […] Studies are underway to examine what causes normal lymphocytes to develop into lymphoma cells and how to prevent this.
  • #2 Lymphoma Prevention Tips & Risk Factors | HCG Oncology
    http://www.hcgoncology.com/types-of-cancers/lymphoma-prevention/
    As excessive alcohol consumption can weaken an individual’s immune system, it is recommended to limit its consumption to reduce the risk of lymphoma. […] Certain infections associated with lymphoma, such as Epstein-Barr virus or Hepatitis C virus (HCV), can hamper the healthy DNA of the cells; treating them can help in potential lymphoma prevention as well. […] Minimizing excessive exposure to toxic chemicals, such as benzene, can also help reduce the risk of developing lymphoma. […] As radiation exposure can damage the DNA structure of healthy cells, leading to an increased risk of lymphoma, it is often recommended to limit radiation exposure as much as possible. […] As lymphoma affects the lymphatic system, an important part of the immune system, experts advise making efforts to maintain a healthy immune system for potential lymphoma prevention.
  • #2 Non-Hodgkin’s Lymphoma: Natural Symptom Management – Dr. Axe
    https://draxe.com/health/non-hodgkins-lymphoma/
    Non-Hodgkins lymphoma is much more common than the other primary type of lymphoma, Hodgkins lymphoma. […] A healthy lifestyle including eating a nutrient-dense diet, getting enough sleep and exercising can all help prevent non-Hodgkins lymphoma and also manage symptoms. […] The World Cancer Research Fund estimates that about 20 percent of all cancers diagnosed in the U.S. are related to preventable lifestyle risk factors, including: amount of body fat, physical inactivity, excess alcohol consumption, and/or poor nutrition. […] A good deal of evidence shows that you can decrease your risk for many types of cancers including lymphomas by making healthy dietary choices; exercising and staying active; reducing carcinogen/toxin exposure; and not smoking or using drugs. […] According to the American Cancer Society, some studies have suggested that being overweight or obese may increase your risk of non-Hodgkin lymphoma.
  • #2 Can Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma Be Prevented? | American Cancer Society
    https://www.cancer.org/cancer/types/non-hodgkin-lymphoma/causes-risks-prevention/prevention.html
    Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection has been linked to some lymphomas of the stomach. Treating H. pylori infections with antibiotics and antacids may lower this risk, but the benefit of this strategy has not been proven yet. […] Some studies have suggested that having excess body weight may increase your risk of non-Hodgkin lymphoma. Staying at a healthy weight, keeping physically active, and following a healthy eating pattern that includes plenty of fruits, vegetables, and whole grains, and that limits or avoids red and processed meats, sugary drinks, and highly processed foods may help protect against lymphoma, but more research is needed to confirm this.
  • #2 Lymphoma Prevention Tips & Risk Factors | HCG Oncology
    http://www.hcgoncology.com/types-of-cancers/lymphoma-prevention/
    Thus, maintaining a healthy weight can go a long way toward possible lymphoma prevention. […] Staying physically active while exercising regularly is also considered effective in reducing the risk of developing lymphoma. […] Though there are no sure ways to prevent lymphoma, taking care of its risk factors can surely help reduce its development.
  • #2 Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma
    https://www.health.ny.gov/statistics/cancer/registry/abouts/nhl.htm
    Non-Hodgkin lymphoma occurs more frequently among men than among women. […] Individuals with suppressed immune systems due to HIV/AIDS should talk with their health care provider about treatment and risk for non-Hodgkin lymphoma. […] Individuals with autoimmune disorders should talk with their health care providers about their risk for getting non-Hodgkin lymphoma. […] Know your family history and discuss any concerns with your health care provider. […] The following may help reduce the risk of developing cancer: Be aware of workplace health and safety rules and follow them. […] Limit alcohol use. […] Choose a healthy diet to achieve and maintain a healthy weight. Eat more vegetables, fruits and whole grains and eat less red and processed (e.g., bacon, sausage, luncheon meat, hot dogs) meats.
  • #2 Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma
    https://www.health.ny.gov/statistics/cancer/registry/abouts/nhl.htm
    Exercise regularly. […] Do not smoke. If you currently smoke, quit. Avoid exposure to secondhand smoke. […] Discuss the risks and benefits of medical imaging, such as CT scans, with your health care provider to avoid unnecessary exposure to ionizing radiation. […] Talk with your health care provider about recommended cancer screenings.
  • #2 Investigation of occupational risk factors for the development of non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma in adults: A hospital-based case-control study | PLOS One
    https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0297140
    The results of this study support the hypothesis that occupational exposure to any solvents, hydrocarbons solvents, pesticides, meat and meat products, and sunlight is related to an increased chance of developing non-Hodgkins Lymphoma in adults. […] Therefore, the results of this present study can contribute to and support strategies in for public health and surveillance programs for workers.
  • #2 Non Hodgkin’s Lymphoma Prevention Strategies – Acibadem Health Point – ACIBADEM Hospitals – Acibadem Health Group
    https://www.acibademhealthpoint.com/non-hodgkins-lymphoma-prevention-strategies/
    Studies in the Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine point to pesticides as a lymphoma risk. They show a clear link. Being careful, like wearing protective clothes and picking organic, lowers this risk. […] It’s key to find lymphoma early for better prevention. Having check-ups often and checking genes are big helps. They spot risks early and make doing something about it easier. […] Seeing the doctor often is great for stopping lymphoma. Doctors can find signs early, helping you get care quickly. Keeping up with check-ups helps catch any problems fast. […] If lymphoma runs in your family, genetic testing is important. It looks for signs in your genes that mean a higher risk. Combining this with regular check-ups boosts finding problems early. […] Eating right is key to staying healthy and avoiding illnesses like lymphoma. Health experts advise focusing on fruits, veggies, and whole grains. They say to stay away from processed foods too.
  • #2
    https://grantome.com/grant/NIH/R01-CA166219-02
    Biomarker-based early detection can directly advance prevention research by identifying key molecular events that drive cancer initiation, progression, and outcomes. […] Our study objective is to evaluate the role of host genetic variations and tumor molecular subtypes in NHL survival among over 1000 females diagnosed with NHL (2004-2008) who were enrolled in the Los Angeles (LA) County NHL Case-Control study. […] Public health relevance: successful completion of this study will contribute to the understanding of host genetic variation and tumor markers in NHL survival.
  • #2 Ongoing challenge of optimal patient selection for CNS prophylaxis in patients with non-Hodgkin lymphoma – Oncology Central
    https://www.oncology-central.com/ongoing-challenge-of-optimal-patient-selection-for-cns-prophylaxis-in-patients-with-non-hodgkin-lymphoma/
    CNS relapse is a devastating and frequently lethal complication in patients with lymphoma, and selecting patients to receive CNS-directed prophylaxis is a common and frequently challenging decision for the clinician. […] In this paper we focus on these issues and attempt to provide practical guidance for the clinician in selecting which patients with lymphoma may benefit from CNS prophylaxis.
  • #2
    https://www.acco.org/blog/risk-factors-causes-and-prevention-of-non-hodgkin-lymphoma-in-children/
    There is a simple answer to this critical question: no. Most children diagnosed with non-Hodgkin lymphoma have no risk factors or lifestyle issues that could have been altered or changed in any way to prevent the development of this disease. While it is entirely natural and very common to search for a cause or something to blame when a child is diagnosed with NHL (or any type of cancer), it is important that parents and guardians understand that there is nothing that they could have done differently to prevent this disease. […] There are two notable exceptions. First, a small percentage of diagnoses are associated with a compromised immune system such as HIV infection. HIV-positive mothers are encouraged to take active steps during and after pregnancy to reduce the risk of passing HIV along to their children. Second, NHL may develop as a second cancer stemming from a prior cancer treatment or immune-suppressing drugs taken to facilitate an organ transplant. Obviously, in these cases, the small risk of developing NHL in the future must be weighed against the need to treat a potentially life-threatening disease in the present.