Materiały źródłowe

• #1 Tongue cancer – Diagnosis and treatment – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/tongue-cancer/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20549478

  Treatment for tongue cancer usually includes surgery followed by radiation, chemotherapy or both. Your health care team considers many factors when creating a treatment plan. These might include the cancer’s location and how fast it’s growing. The team also may look at whether the cancer has spread to other parts of your body and the results of tests on the cancer cells. Your care team also considers your age and your overall health. […] Surgery is the most common treatment for tongue cancer. Operations used to treat tongue cancer include: […] Surgery to remove some or all of the tongue. This surgery is called a glossectomy. The surgeon removes the cancer and some of the healthy cells around it, called a margin. Removing the margin helps ensure that all the cancer cells are removed. How much of the tongue the surgeon removes depends on the size of the cancer. The surgery might remove some of the tongue or all of the tongue. Sometimes surgery causes trouble with speaking and swallowing. This depends on how much of the tongue is removed. Physical therapy and rehab can help improve these issues.

• #2 Tongue Cancer: Symptoms, Signs, Causes & Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/tongue-cancer

  Treatment usually involves surgery but may also include chemotherapy and radiation therapy. […] Tongue cancer treatments depend on a few factors, including the size and location of the tumor and how far the cancer cells have spread. Tongue cancer treatments include: […] Tongue cancer surgery. This usually includes glossectomy (partial or total tongue removal) and, in some cases, neck dissection (lymph node removal) to reduce the risk of metastasis (when cancer spreads from the primary tumor site to another area). […] Radiation therapy. Healthcare providers might use radiation therapy before surgery to shrink a tumor or, more commonly, after surgery to kill any remaining cancer cells. In some cases, oncologists use it as a stand-alone treatment, especially if cancer has already spread to other areas. […] Drug therapies. These may include chemotherapy, immunotherapy and targeted therapy. […] Speech therapy and reconstructive surgery can help you redevelop language skills and swallowing function after tongue cancer surgery.

• #3 Tongue Cancer | Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center

  https://www.mskcc.org/cancer-care/types/mouth/types-mouth/tongue

  Memorial Sloan Kettering speech pathologist Margaret Ho helping treat a tongue cancer patient. […] Speech pathologist Margaret Ho works with people whove been diagnosed with tongue cancer to minimize the side effects of treatment. […] The goals of the treatment of tongue cancer are to: […] cure the cancer […] preserve your appearance and the function of your tongue […] prevent the cancer from coming back. […] Surgery is the most common treatment for cancers of the tongue. […] If the cancer is more advanced, radiation, chemotherapy, or both may be used to shrink the tumor before or after surgery to reduce the risk of the cancer coming back. […] Glossectomy is the name of the surgery used to remove cancers of the tongue. […] For smaller cancers, only part of the tongue may need to be removed (partial glossectomy).

• #4 Tongue Cancer | Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center

  https://www.mskcc.org/cancer-care/types/mouth/types-mouth/tongue

  For larger cancers, a more substantial portion of the tongue may need to be taken out. […] Radiation therapy for cancer of the tongue involves aiming high-energy beams of particles at the tumor. […] When the particles reach the tumor, they destroy the cancer cells by damaging their DNA. […] The radiation therapy team at Memorial Sloan Kettering is highly experienced in caring for people with tongue cancer. […] They work closely with other members of your care team and will customize a treatment plan so precise that it factors in the size and shape of your tumor to the millimeter.

• #5 Tongue Cancer Facts: Causes, Symptoms, Treatment & Prevention

  https://www.webmd.com/cancer/tongue-cancer-facts

  Your treatment will depend on where your tumor is and how big it is. […] During this operation, called a glossectomy, a surgeon takes out all or a portion of your tongue, depending on how large the cancer is. They’ll also remove some healthy cells surrounding your tongue. If it looks like the cancer has spread to your lymph nodes, the surgeon could take out some of this tissue (called a neck dissection). After surgery, you may need physical therapy and rehab for speaking and swallowing problems. […] Doctors use this type of surgery to restore parts of your face or mouth that need to be removed during a cancer operation. They’ll take healthy bone or tissue from other parts of your body and use it to replace parts of the tongue, lip, face, and other areas. […] This treatment directs strong energy beams from X-rays, protons, or other means at specific places on your body to kill cancer cells.

• #6 Tongue Cancer – UChicago Medicine

  https://www.uchicagomedicine.org/cancer/types-treatments/head-neck-cancers/tongue-cancer

  When surgery is recommended, our experienced head and neck surgeons aim to only remove as much of the tongue as necessary to ensure they remove all the cancer. When beneficial, our expert reconstructive surgeons can reconstruct your tongue, to restore speech and swallowing function. […] Among the novel treatments available for tongue cancer are immunotherapies that help the body’s immune system attack cancer, and targeted drug therapies that block specific proteins that drive cancer growth. Advanced laboratory molecular testing of your tumor can sometimes help identify a targeted personalized therapy for your tumor. […] Clinical trials can offer access to emerging and promising cancer therapies and combinations specifically for patients with head and neck cancer. These treatments may be especially helpful in patients who cannot tolerate or don’t respond well to chemotherapy, as well as to treat cancers with specific genetic markers.

• #7 Treatment for mouth cancer – NHS

  https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/mouth-cancer/treatment/

  The treatment you’ll have for mouth cancer depends on: […] You may be offered a combination of treatments including surgery, chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and targeted medicines and immunotherapy. […] Surgery is usually needed to remove mouth cancer. […] Sometimes an area around the cancer may also need to be removed to stop the cancer coming back. This may include part of your tongue or jaw. […] If a large part of your jaw or tongue is removed, you may need surgery to rebuild the area using skin or bone from another part of your body (reconstructive surgery). […] Radiotherapy is often used to treat mouth cancer. It may be the only treatment you need if your cancer is found early. […] Chemotherapy is medicine that kills cancer cells. It is sometimes given with radiotherapy for mouth cancer.

• #8 Tongue Cancer Facts: Causes, Symptoms, Treatment & Prevention

  https://www.webmd.com/cancer/tongue-cancer-facts

  Your treatment will depend on where your tumor is and how big it is. […] During this operation, called a glossectomy, a surgeon takes out all or a portion of your tongue, depending on how large the cancer is. They’ll also remove some healthy cells surrounding your tongue. If it looks like the cancer has spread to your lymph nodes, the surgeon could take out some of this tissue (called a neck dissection). After surgery, you may need physical therapy and rehab for speaking and swallowing problems. […] Doctors use this type of surgery to restore parts of your face or mouth that need to be removed during a cancer operation. They’ll take healthy bone or tissue from other parts of your body and use it to replace parts of the tongue, lip, face, and other areas. […] This treatment directs strong energy beams from X-rays, protons, or other means at specific places on your body to kill cancer cells.

• #9 Tongue Cancer – UChicago Medicine

  https://www.uchicagomedicine.org/cancer/types-treatments/head-neck-cancers/tongue-cancer

  When surgery is recommended, our experienced head and neck surgeons aim to only remove as much of the tongue as necessary to ensure they remove all the cancer. When beneficial, our expert reconstructive surgeons can reconstruct your tongue, to restore speech and swallowing function. […] Among the novel treatments available for tongue cancer are immunotherapies that help the body’s immune system attack cancer, and targeted drug therapies that block specific proteins that drive cancer growth. Advanced laboratory molecular testing of your tumor can sometimes help identify a targeted personalized therapy for your tumor. […] Clinical trials can offer access to emerging and promising cancer therapies and combinations specifically for patients with head and neck cancer. These treatments may be especially helpful in patients who cannot tolerate or don’t respond well to chemotherapy, as well as to treat cancers with specific genetic markers.

• #10 Lip and Oral Cavity Cancer Treatment (PDQ®) – NCI

  https://www.cancer.gov/types/head-and-neck/hp/adult/lip-mouth-treatment-pdq

  Early cancers (stage I and stage II) of the lip, floor of the mouth, and retromolar trigone are highly curable by surgery or radiation therapy. The choice of treatment is dictated by the anticipated functional and cosmetic results. […] Advanced cancers (stage III and stage IV) of the lip, floor of the mouth, and retromolar trigone represent a wide spectrum of challenges for the surgeon and radiation oncologists. Most patients with stage III or stage IV tumors are candidates for treatment with a combination of surgery and radiation therapy. […] Early lesions (T1 and T2) of the anterior tongue may be managed by surgery or by radiation therapy alone. Both modalities produce 70% to 85% cure rates in patients with early lesions. […] Patients who smoke while receiving radiation therapy appear to have lower response rates and shorter survival durations than those who do not; therefore, patients should be counseled to stop smoking before beginning radiation therapy.

• #11 Tongue Cancer – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK562324/

  In general, early-stage tongue carcinoma (T1 or T2) can be treated successfully with single-modality therapy, namely surgery or radiation. However, when long-term morbidity of treatment, cost, and other factors are considered, surgery is recommended upfront. […] On the other hand, patients with advanced disease (T3 or T4) have a poor response to single-modality treatment. […] Therefore, if feasible, surgery and postoperative chemoradiation would be the optimal treatment plan for a patient with advanced disease. […] Surgical interventions range from simple wide local excision and primary closure in small tumors to composite resections of the tongue/floor of mouth/mandible in advanced tumors with the need for locoregional flaps or microvascular free flap reconstruction. […] Regarding the base of tongue HPV-related squamous cell carcinoma, the treatment algorithm has completely shifted during the last decades. Trans-oral robotic surgery has a role mainly in early-stage disease, while advanced tumors in this region are usually treated with primary radiation and chemotherapy, given its excellent response.

• #12 Latest advancements in treatment of oral cancer

  http://www.hcgoncology.com/blog/latest-advances-in-the-treatment-of-oral-cancers/

  Adjuvant therapies become important in oral cancer patients as they increase the chances of disease-free and metastasis-free survival. This approach involves administering oral cancer treatment without surgery. […] The purpose of adjuvant therapy is to ensure that there are no residual cancer cells left after oral cancer surgery. […] Laser treatment for mouth cancer is another reliable treatment option for both precancerous lesions and tumors in the mouth region. […] The key advantages of oral cancer laser treatment include precise cutting, reduced blood loss, reduced post-operative pain and swelling, and an overall faster recovery. […] During transoral robotic surgery, the surgeon uses a computer-enhanced system to guide the surgical tools to remove mouth and throat malignancies. […] The use of nanoplatforms is another significant technological advancement in the field of oral cancer management.

• #13 Tongue Cancer – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK562324/

  In general, early-stage tongue carcinoma (T1 or T2) can be treated successfully with single-modality therapy, namely surgery or radiation. However, when long-term morbidity of treatment, cost, and other factors are considered, surgery is recommended upfront. […] On the other hand, patients with advanced disease (T3 or T4) have a poor response to single-modality treatment. […] Therefore, if feasible, surgery and postoperative chemoradiation would be the optimal treatment plan for a patient with advanced disease. […] Surgical interventions range from simple wide local excision and primary closure in small tumors to composite resections of the tongue/floor of mouth/mandible in advanced tumors with the need for locoregional flaps or microvascular free flap reconstruction. […] Regarding the base of tongue HPV-related squamous cell carcinoma, the treatment algorithm has completely shifted during the last decades. Trans-oral robotic surgery has a role mainly in early-stage disease, while advanced tumors in this region are usually treated with primary radiation and chemotherapy, given its excellent response.

• #14 Tongue Cancer: Symptoms, Causes (Smoking, HPV) & Survival Rate

  https://www.cancercenter.com/cancer-types/oral-cancer/types/tongue-cancer

  Tongue cancer treatment depends upon its stage of progression. In early stages, tongue cancer can be treated by surgical removal or radiation therapy. One surgery, called a glossectomy, may be performed to remove part or all of the tongue. Cases in more advanced stages may have surgery followed by radiation therapy and chemotherapy. If the cancer has spread far from the original site, doctors may suggest chemotherapy, chemoradiation or immunotherapy. […] The tumor has not spread from the tongue’s surface. Surgery is performed to remove the tumor and some surrounding tissue. This could be Mohs surgery, in which thin sections are cut away and each layer is examined under a microscope to determine when all of the tumor and its margins have been removed. It removes less surrounding tissue than a standard excision. Radiation therapy may be used if the cancer returns.

• #15 Tongue cancer – Diagnosis and treatment – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/tongue-cancer/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20549478

  Other treatments for tongue cancer include: […] Radiation therapy uses powerful energy beams to kill cancer cells. The energy can come from X-rays, protons or other sources. During radiation therapy, a machine directs beams of energy to specific points on the body to kill the cancer cells there. […] Chemotherapy uses strong medicines to kill cancer cells. Chemotherapy may be used before surgery to control the growth of the cells. It also may be used after surgery to kill any remaining cells. Sometimes chemotherapy is done at the same time as radiation therapy because it makes the radiation work better. […] Targeted therapy uses medicines that attack specific chemicals in the cancer cells. By blocking these chemicals, targeted treatments can cause cancer cells to die. Targeted therapy is used to treat tongue cancer that comes back or spreads.

• #16 Treatment For Tongue Cancer | Tongue cancer | Cancer Research UK

  https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/about-cancer/mouth-cancer/stages-types-grades/tongue-cancer/treatment

  The main treatments for tongue cancer are surgery, radiotherapy and chemotherapy, either combined or on their own. […] Your treatment depends on how big the cancer is and whether it has spread (the stage). It also depends on which part of the tongue is affected. […] The most common treatment is surgery to remove the affected area. You might also have radiotherapy after surgery to try to prevent a cancer from coming back. This is known as adjuvant radiotherapy. […] You are most likely to have a combination of these treatments: surgery to remove the cancer from your tongue and the lymph nodes in your neck, reconstructive surgery to rebuild the tongue, radiotherapy after surgery, chemotherapy, chemotherapy with radiotherapy (chemoradiotherapy), a targeted drug (cetuximab) with platinum chemotherapy for squamous cell cancer, an immunotherapy drug (pembrolizumab or nivolumab) for squamous cell cancer.

• #17 Treatment For Tongue Cancer | Tongue cancer | Cancer Research UK

  https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/about-cancer/mouth-cancer/stages-types-grades/tongue-cancer/treatment

  Treatment is also given to control symptoms. For example, radiotherapy to help control pain. […] You might need radiotherapy or chemoradiotherapy after surgery. This is if your doctor thinks there is a high risk that your cancer will come back. Chemoradiotherapy means you have chemotherapy and radiotherapy together. […] You might have one of the following: chemotherapy and radiotherapy together (chemoradiotherapy) to your throat and neck, surgery to remove part of the throat, including all or part of the tongue. Your surgeon may also remove some of the lymph nodes in your neck. This is followed by radiotherapy or chemoradiotherapy, radiotherapy on its own, a targeted drug (cetuximab) with radiotherapy for squamous cell cancer, an immunotherapy drug (pembrolizumab or nivolumab) for squamous cell cancer.

• #18 Treatments for early-stage oral cancer | Canadian Cancer Society

  https://cancer.ca/en/cancer-information/cancer-types/oral/treatment/early-stage

  The following are treatment options for early-stage (stage 1 or stage 2) oral cancer. Your healthcare team will suggest treatments based on your needs and work with you to develop a treatment plan. […] Early-stage oral cancers are usually treated with surgery as the main therapy. In certain situations, surgery may be followed with radiation therapy, with or without chemotherapy. […] Surgery to remove the tumour is the most common treatment used for early-stage oral cancers. […] Glossectomy is surgery to remove part or all of the tongue. […] Radiation therapy may be used after surgery. Radiation therapy may be given as external beam radiation therapy, brachytherapy or both. Sometimes chemotherapy is given along with radiation therapy (called chemoradiation). […] Radiation therapy may also be used to treat the lymph nodes in the neck for tumours that involve the oral tongue or floor of the mouth and are 4 mm or thicker.

• #19 Treatment For Tongue Cancer | Tongue cancer | Cancer Research UK

  https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/about-cancer/mouth-cancer/stages-types-grades/tongue-cancer/treatment

  You might have radiotherapy, chemotherapy or surgery to control symptoms of advanced cancer. […] You might have radiotherapy: on its own as your main treatment for cancer in the base of the tongue or after surgery, combined with chemotherapy (chemoradiotherapy) as your main treatment for a cancer in the base of the tongue or after surgery, to help relieve the symptoms of advanced tongue cancer. […] You might have chemotherapy combined with radiotherapy (chemoradiotherapy). The chemotherapy helps the radiotherapy work better. […] You might have cetuximab: with radiotherapy for locally advanced squamous cell mouth and oropharyngeal cancer, with platinum chemotherapy for squamous cell mouth cancer that has come back or has spread to other parts of the body. […] You might have pembrolizumab if you have squamous cell cancer and: you haven’t had any treatment for an advanced cancer, your cancer has come back and you can’t have surgery to remove the cancer, the cancer shows a type of protein called programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1).

• #20 Treatment For Tongue Cancer | Tongue cancer | Cancer Research UK

  https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/about-cancer/mouth-cancer/stages-types-grades/tongue-cancer/treatment

  You might have radiotherapy, chemotherapy or surgery to control symptoms of advanced cancer. […] You might have radiotherapy: on its own as your main treatment for cancer in the base of the tongue or after surgery, combined with chemotherapy (chemoradiotherapy) as your main treatment for a cancer in the base of the tongue or after surgery, to help relieve the symptoms of advanced tongue cancer. […] You might have chemotherapy combined with radiotherapy (chemoradiotherapy). The chemotherapy helps the radiotherapy work better. […] You might have cetuximab: with radiotherapy for locally advanced squamous cell mouth and oropharyngeal cancer, with platinum chemotherapy for squamous cell mouth cancer that has come back or has spread to other parts of the body. […] You might have pembrolizumab if you have squamous cell cancer and: you haven’t had any treatment for an advanced cancer, your cancer has come back and you can’t have surgery to remove the cancer, the cancer shows a type of protein called programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1).

• #21 Your Guide to Radiation Therapy for Tongue Cancer

  https://www.healthline.com/health/cancer/radiation-for-tongue-cancer

  Radiation therapy is often a key part of treatment for oral cancer. The side effects can be uncomfortable but are usually temporary. […] Tongue cancer is a type of oral cancer. Often, the best course of treatment includes radiation therapy (RT). […] Sometimes, its recommended as a sole solution or as part of a multi-part treatment with options like chemotherapy, surgery, or a drug regimen to boost success rates. […] Radiation treatments can also be effective for recurrent cancers or control symptoms associated with advanced-stage cancer like pain, bleeding, difficulty swallowing, or when cancer spreads. […] The most common RT oncologists will use for oral cancer is external-beam radiation therapy (EBRT). […] Alternatively, some people undergo brachytherapy, a type of radiation that relies on implants that are inserted for up to 8 days while releasing a high dose of radiation. This is often a solution for recurrent cancer.

• #22 6 Innovative Oral Cancer Treatment Options | MD Anderson Cancer Center

  https://www.mdanderson.org/cancer-types/oral-cancer/oral-cancer-treatment.html

  Your oral cancer treatment will be customized to your needs. One or more of the following therapies may be recommended to treat the cancer or help relieve symptoms. […] Surgery is the most frequent first treatment for oral cancer. The type of surgery depends on the type, extent and stage of the cancer. Surgical techniques are designed to remove all of the cancer in the mouth. Lymph nodes that are confirmed or suspected to have cancer cells are also removed. […] Radiation therapy uses powerful, focused beams of energy to kill cancer cells. There are several different radiation therapy techniques. Doctors can use these to accurately target a tumor while minimizing damage to healthy tissue. […] Different types of radiation therapy are used to treat oral cancer, including the following: Intensity modulated radiation therapy (IMRT), which focuses multiple radiation beams of different intensities directly on the tumor for the highest possible dose.

• #23 Your Guide to Radiation Therapy for Tongue Cancer

  https://www.healthline.com/health/cancer/radiation-for-tongue-cancer

  Radiation therapy is often a key part of treatment for oral cancer. The side effects can be uncomfortable but are usually temporary. […] Tongue cancer is a type of oral cancer. Often, the best course of treatment includes radiation therapy (RT). […] Sometimes, its recommended as a sole solution or as part of a multi-part treatment with options like chemotherapy, surgery, or a drug regimen to boost success rates. […] Radiation treatments can also be effective for recurrent cancers or control symptoms associated with advanced-stage cancer like pain, bleeding, difficulty swallowing, or when cancer spreads. […] The most common RT oncologists will use for oral cancer is external-beam radiation therapy (EBRT). […] Alternatively, some people undergo brachytherapy, a type of radiation that relies on implants that are inserted for up to 8 days while releasing a high dose of radiation. This is often a solution for recurrent cancer.

• #24 Tongue Cancer: Role of Brachytherapy in Treatment | RGCIRC

  https://www.rgcirc.org/blog/role-of-brachytherapy-in-treatment-of-oral-tongue-cancer/

  The tongue may not be the first thing that comes to mind when you think about the bodys major organs. […] Doctors say that most cancers that develop in the tongue can be cured. The earlier it is detected, the better the chances of getting treated. […] Treatments for oral cancer include surgery, radiation, brachytherapy, and chemotherapy. Chemotherapy is performed only in difficult cases. Out of many available treatments, brachytherapy is widely used and the most preferred type of therapy for the treatment of oral tongue cancer. […] Brachytherapy is a type of radiation therapy in India that is given to a patient when other forms of radiation therapies are ineffective. […] In treatment for oral tongue cancer, the radiation is sent only to the tumour area using a needle to inject the radiation.

• #25 Your Guide to Radiation Therapy for Tongue Cancer

  https://www.healthline.com/health/cancer/radiation-for-tongue-cancer

  Most EBRT treatments for oral cancer require multiple doses across several days over an extended calendar. Usually, this will be 5 days per week for roughly 7 weeks, but individual experiences will vary. […] Unlike with chemotherapy, side effects from radiation are usually localized to the treatment area. This means that for tongue cancer symptoms will be in the head and neck region. […] The most common symptoms reported are fatigue during the actual treatment. Other common side effects include: difficulty producing saliva, skin irritation around the treatment region, dry mouth, difficulty swallowing, loss of taste/food tasting different, osteoradionecrosis of the jaw (damage to the jaw bone), thyroid problems, carotid artery damage, tooth decay or other dental problems, hair loss. […] RT success rates for any cancer always depend on when treatments began after detection and the stage when the therapy began.

• #26 Head and Neck Cancer Treatment Protocols: Treatment Protocols

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/2047890-overview

  Surgery is the preferred approach except for some patients who may have early-stage lip, retromolar trigone, and soft palate cancers. […] Radiation therapy is preferred for patients who may not be able to tolerate surgery. […] The radiation dose depends on tumor size; however, for early-stage disease, doses of 66-72 Gy may be used with adequate results. […] Surgery should be considered for locally advanced disease; however, definitive radiation therapy, concurrent chemoradiation alone or after surgery, and induction therapy followed by concurrent chemoradation are alternative options for patients who are not candidates for surgery alone. […] Concurrent chemoradiation therapy is the current standard of care for patients with locally advanced squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck.

• #27 Your Guide to Radiation Therapy for Tongue Cancer

  https://www.healthline.com/health/cancer/radiation-for-tongue-cancer

  Most EBRT treatments for oral cancer require multiple doses across several days over an extended calendar. Usually, this will be 5 days per week for roughly 7 weeks, but individual experiences will vary. […] Unlike with chemotherapy, side effects from radiation are usually localized to the treatment area. This means that for tongue cancer symptoms will be in the head and neck region. […] The most common symptoms reported are fatigue during the actual treatment. Other common side effects include: difficulty producing saliva, skin irritation around the treatment region, dry mouth, difficulty swallowing, loss of taste/food tasting different, osteoradionecrosis of the jaw (damage to the jaw bone), thyroid problems, carotid artery damage, tooth decay or other dental problems, hair loss. […] RT success rates for any cancer always depend on when treatments began after detection and the stage when the therapy began.

• #28 Mouth Care for Cancer Patients | Dana-Farber Cancer Institute

  https://www.dana-farber.org/health-library/mouth-care-for-cancer-patients

  See your dentist so that (s)he may identify potential sources of dental infection or irritation. […] During treatment it is important to adhere strictly to your mouth care plan. […] Fluoride treatments are important during and after radiation treatments to the head and neck area. […] When therapy ends, you need to continue with good dental care in order to keep your teeth and gums healthy. Your salivary glands will be making less saliva and you will still be at risk for developing cavities and gum disease. […] Mouth dryness may continue after therapy. Salivary flow will gradually increase, but may not completely return to normal.

• #29 Treatment For Tongue Cancer | Tongue cancer | Cancer Research UK

  https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/about-cancer/mouth-cancer/stages-types-grades/tongue-cancer/treatment

  You might have radiotherapy, chemotherapy or surgery to control symptoms of advanced cancer. […] You might have radiotherapy: on its own as your main treatment for cancer in the base of the tongue or after surgery, combined with chemotherapy (chemoradiotherapy) as your main treatment for a cancer in the base of the tongue or after surgery, to help relieve the symptoms of advanced tongue cancer. […] You might have chemotherapy combined with radiotherapy (chemoradiotherapy). The chemotherapy helps the radiotherapy work better. […] You might have cetuximab: with radiotherapy for locally advanced squamous cell mouth and oropharyngeal cancer, with platinum chemotherapy for squamous cell mouth cancer that has come back or has spread to other parts of the body. […] You might have pembrolizumab if you have squamous cell cancer and: you haven’t had any treatment for an advanced cancer, your cancer has come back and you can’t have surgery to remove the cancer, the cancer shows a type of protein called programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1).

• #30 Tongue cancer – Diagnosis and treatment – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/tongue-cancer/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20549478

  Other treatments for tongue cancer include: […] Radiation therapy uses powerful energy beams to kill cancer cells. The energy can come from X-rays, protons or other sources. During radiation therapy, a machine directs beams of energy to specific points on the body to kill the cancer cells there. […] Chemotherapy uses strong medicines to kill cancer cells. Chemotherapy may be used before surgery to control the growth of the cells. It also may be used after surgery to kill any remaining cells. Sometimes chemotherapy is done at the same time as radiation therapy because it makes the radiation work better. […] Targeted therapy uses medicines that attack specific chemicals in the cancer cells. By blocking these chemicals, targeted treatments can cause cancer cells to die. Targeted therapy is used to treat tongue cancer that comes back or spreads.

• #31 Mouth cancer: Nonsurgical treatments

  https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/mouth-cancer-treatment-without-surgery

  Chemotherapy involves anticancer drugs that kill cancer cells. […] Generally, a person only receives this treatment without surgery for mouth cancer that is too advanced for surgical procedures to be effective. It can help slow the growth and make symptoms easier to manage. […] This type of mouth cancer treatment uses drugs that target specific proteins in cancer cells. […] The goal of targeted therapy is to slow this growth and spread and to destroy the cancer cells. […] This type of treatment empowers the immune system to target and kill cancer cells. […] It is possible to treat mouth cancer with a type of immunotherapy called a PD-1 inhibitor. […] This involves giving chemotherapy and radiation therapy at the same time. It is useful for those who have cancer in one part of the mouth that is too advanced to benefit from surgery. It can also shrink mouth tumors more than chemotherapy or radiation therapy alone.

• #32 Treatment for tongue cancer – Dr.Ayman Abd Elha

  https://www.draymanabdelhameed.com/surgical-oncology/tongue-cancer/treatment-for-tongue-cancer/

  You might have chemotherapy combined with radiotherapy (chemoradiotherapy). The chemotherapy helps the radiotherapy work better. […] You might have this: after surgery if there is a high risk of your cancer coming back as your main treatment if your cancer has spread to nearby tissue (locally advanced cancer) or to other parts of the body (secondary or advanced cancer). […] Some people have chemotherapy to shrink the cancer before the main treatment, although this isnt very common. This is called neo adjuvant treatment.

• #33 Clinical Trial Improves Man’s Quality of Life with Tongue Cancer | Newsroom

  https://news.unchealthcare.org/2023/07/clinical-trial-improves-mans-quality-of-life-with-tongue-cancer/

  Washington, N.C man with squamous cell carcinoma of the tongue experiences positive life-changing results after participating in an induction therapy clinical trial at the UNC School of Medicine. […] Bell knew that he would eventually need surgery to remove the cancer from his tongue. […] With a tumor of that size, you can imagine that a lot of his tongue would have to be excised to remove the tumor, and then, after that, people frequently get radiation or chemotherapy, and we take out lymph nodes in the neck. […] But Yarbrough had something else in mind. He knew of a clinical trial for induction therapy that was still accepting patients. Induction therapy is a short course of medicines, in this case two chemotherapy drugs given at low dose plus immunotherapy. […] The goal of the clinical trial, led by Jared Weiss, MD, an oncologist at the UNC Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, was to shrink the tumor down as much as possible prior to surgery, in the hopes that it would make the surgery more effective and less severe.

• #34 Mouth cancer: Nonsurgical treatments

  https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/mouth-cancer-treatment-without-surgery

  Chemotherapy involves anticancer drugs that kill cancer cells. […] Generally, a person only receives this treatment without surgery for mouth cancer that is too advanced for surgical procedures to be effective. It can help slow the growth and make symptoms easier to manage. […] This type of mouth cancer treatment uses drugs that target specific proteins in cancer cells. […] The goal of targeted therapy is to slow this growth and spread and to destroy the cancer cells. […] This type of treatment empowers the immune system to target and kill cancer cells. […] It is possible to treat mouth cancer with a type of immunotherapy called a PD-1 inhibitor. […] This involves giving chemotherapy and radiation therapy at the same time. It is useful for those who have cancer in one part of the mouth that is too advanced to benefit from surgery. It can also shrink mouth tumors more than chemotherapy or radiation therapy alone.

• #35 Treatment For Tongue Cancer | Tongue cancer | Cancer Research UK

  https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/about-cancer/mouth-cancer/stages-types-grades/tongue-cancer/treatment

  Treatment is also given to control symptoms. For example, radiotherapy to help control pain. […] You might need radiotherapy or chemoradiotherapy after surgery. This is if your doctor thinks there is a high risk that your cancer will come back. Chemoradiotherapy means you have chemotherapy and radiotherapy together. […] You might have one of the following: chemotherapy and radiotherapy together (chemoradiotherapy) to your throat and neck, surgery to remove part of the throat, including all or part of the tongue. Your surgeon may also remove some of the lymph nodes in your neck. This is followed by radiotherapy or chemoradiotherapy, radiotherapy on its own, a targeted drug (cetuximab) with radiotherapy for squamous cell cancer, an immunotherapy drug (pembrolizumab or nivolumab) for squamous cell cancer.

• #36 Treatment For Tongue Cancer | Tongue cancer | Cancer Research UK

  https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/about-cancer/mouth-cancer/stages-types-grades/tongue-cancer/treatment

  You might have radiotherapy, chemotherapy or surgery to control symptoms of advanced cancer. […] You might have radiotherapy: on its own as your main treatment for cancer in the base of the tongue or after surgery, combined with chemotherapy (chemoradiotherapy) as your main treatment for a cancer in the base of the tongue or after surgery, to help relieve the symptoms of advanced tongue cancer. […] You might have chemotherapy combined with radiotherapy (chemoradiotherapy). The chemotherapy helps the radiotherapy work better. […] You might have cetuximab: with radiotherapy for locally advanced squamous cell mouth and oropharyngeal cancer, with platinum chemotherapy for squamous cell mouth cancer that has come back or has spread to other parts of the body. […] You might have pembrolizumab if you have squamous cell cancer and: you haven’t had any treatment for an advanced cancer, your cancer has come back and you can’t have surgery to remove the cancer, the cancer shows a type of protein called programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1).

• #37 Oropharyngeal Cancer Treatment – NCI

  https://www.cancer.gov/types/head-and-neck/patient/adult/oropharyngeal-treatment-pdq

  Treatment of oropharyngeal cancer that has metastasized or recurred in the oropharynx may include: surgery, if the cancer does not respond to radiation therapy, radiation therapy, if the tumor was not completely removed by surgery and previous radiation has not been given, second surgery, if the tumor was not completely removed by the first surgery, chemotherapy for people with recurrent cancer that cannot be removed by surgery, radiation therapy given at the same time as chemotherapy, stereotactic body radiation therapy given at the same time as targeted therapy (cetuximab), immunotherapy (nivolumab or pembrolizumab) given after or during chemotherapy, clinical trials of targeted therapy, stereotactic body radiation therapy, hyperfractionated radiation therapy, or immunotherapy given at the same time as chemotherapy.

• #38 Treatment – Oral Cancer Foundation | Information and Resources about Oral Head and Neck Cancer

  https://oralcancerfoundation.org/cdc/treatment/

  Base of Tongue […] Because it responds strongly to irradiation, carcinoma of the base of the tongue is usually treated by radiotherapy. […] However, there remains disagreement about the optimal radiotherapy technique. […] Tonsillar Region […] Radiotherapy for tonsillar region cancers is highly successful for early and moderately advanced disease. […] Treatment of tonsillar pillar cancers should be intensified with intraoral cone or implant therapy or other suitable approach. […] Chemotherapy […] Chemotherapy has been used in attempts to improve survival or to reduce the incidence of distant metastases, to serve as an adjunct to radiotherapy for organ preservation, and to select patients for subsequent therapy based on their response to chemotherapy. […] The combination of cisplatin and fluorouracil (5-FU) has achieved considerable popularity because of high rates of response with acceptable rates of toxicity.

• #39 Medication for Oral Cancer | NYU Langone Health

  https://nyulangone.org/conditions/oral-cancer/treatments/medication-for-oral-cancer

  Chemotherapy drugs are usually given through a vein with intravenous (IV) infusion on a treatment schedule called a cycle. NYU Langone medical and radiation oncologists work together to determine the right chemoradiation schedule for you. For example, doctors may give a chemotherapy drug at the beginning, middle, and end of a six- or seven-week radiation treatment period, for a total of three cycles. […] Another option is to give a chemotherapy drug once a week during radiation therapy, with each week being a cycle. […] If oral cancer has spread to distant parts of the body, such as the lungs, liver, or bones, doctors may prescribe chemotherapy alone. […] Typically, medications given to manage oral cancer include cisplatin and carboplatin. […] If oral cancer has spread to distant parts of the body, doctors may combine chemotherapy with a targeted drug, which is designed to recognize and destroy cancer cells while largely sparing healthy tissue.

• #40 Medication for Oral Cancer | NYU Langone Health

  https://nyulangone.org/conditions/oral-cancer/treatments/medication-for-oral-cancer

  Doctors may also prescribe a targeted drug alone for people who cannot tolerate the side effects associated with chemotherapy. Targeted drugs sometimes have different or less severe side effects than chemotherapy. […] Cetuximab is a commonly prescribed targeted drug used to treat oral cancer. It targets a protein called epidermal growth factor receptor, which may be present in oral cancer tumors. This protein signals cancer cells to grow and divide. Cetuximab interferes with the proteins function, causing tumors to shrink. This medication is given through a vein with intravenous (IV) infusion about once a week for a period of time determined by your doctor. […] Most of the side effects associated with the medications used to manage oral cancer are temporary. Chemotherapy side effects may include fatigue, loss of appetite, nausea, vomiting, dry mouth, sores in the mouth and throat, changes in kidney function, ringing in the ears, and reduced blood cell levels. Chemoradiation can cause these side effects as well as those associated with radiation therapy.

• #41 Tongue Cancer: Symptoms, Causes (Smoking, HPV) & Survival Rate

  https://www.cancercenter.com/cancer-types/oral-cancer/types/tongue-cancer

  If the patient has metastatic or recurrent cancer, the care team may propose participating in a clinical trial. These trials give the patient access to advanced new treatments and help researchers determine their safety and usefulness. […] The patient may experience side effects of treatment. Surgery carries the risk of infection and bleeding. Radiation therapy may cause inflammation, fibrosis, neuropathy, hypothyroidism and bone damage. Chemotherapy and immunotherapy both produce side effects that vary depending on the specific drugs used. Chemotherapy tends to target fast-growing cells and may damage hair follicles, cells lining the digestive tract and those in the bone marrow, resulting in hair loss, nausea and weakness. Immunotherapy’s side effects range from pain and itchiness to fever and chills to swelling, vomiting, blood pressure changes, heart palpitations, dizziness and severe allergic or inflammatory reactions.

• #42 Treatment For Tongue Cancer | Tongue cancer | Cancer Research UK

  https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/about-cancer/mouth-cancer/stages-types-grades/tongue-cancer/treatment

  Treatment is also given to control symptoms. For example, radiotherapy to help control pain. […] You might need radiotherapy or chemoradiotherapy after surgery. This is if your doctor thinks there is a high risk that your cancer will come back. Chemoradiotherapy means you have chemotherapy and radiotherapy together. […] You might have one of the following: chemotherapy and radiotherapy together (chemoradiotherapy) to your throat and neck, surgery to remove part of the throat, including all or part of the tongue. Your surgeon may also remove some of the lymph nodes in your neck. This is followed by radiotherapy or chemoradiotherapy, radiotherapy on its own, a targeted drug (cetuximab) with radiotherapy for squamous cell cancer, an immunotherapy drug (pembrolizumab or nivolumab) for squamous cell cancer.

• #43 Treatment For Tongue Cancer | Tongue cancer | Cancer Research UK

  https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/about-cancer/mouth-cancer/stages-types-grades/tongue-cancer/treatment

  Treatment is also given to control symptoms. For example, radiotherapy to help control pain. […] You might need radiotherapy or chemoradiotherapy after surgery. This is if your doctor thinks there is a high risk that your cancer will come back. Chemoradiotherapy means you have chemotherapy and radiotherapy together. […] You might have one of the following: chemotherapy and radiotherapy together (chemoradiotherapy) to your throat and neck, surgery to remove part of the throat, including all or part of the tongue. Your surgeon may also remove some of the lymph nodes in your neck. This is followed by radiotherapy or chemoradiotherapy, radiotherapy on its own, a targeted drug (cetuximab) with radiotherapy for squamous cell cancer, an immunotherapy drug (pembrolizumab or nivolumab) for squamous cell cancer.

• #44 Base of Tongue Cancer | Condition | UT Southwestern Medical Center

  https://utswmed.org/conditions-treatments/base-tongue-cancer/

  Radiation therapy: Our doctors often use radiation, treatment with high-energy waves such as X-rays, to destroy cancer cells left after surgery. Radiation therapy can also treat inoperable tumors. […] Chemotherapy: Anticancer medications work to destroy cancer cells and prevent them from spreading. We sometimes use chemotherapy before or during radiation therapy and/or surgery to destroy as many cancer cells as possible. […] Chemoradiation: Chemotherapy given at the same time as radiation therapy is known as chemoradiation. […] Reconstructive surgery: Patients with advanced cancer might need reconstruction after cancer surgery to rebuild the tongue. Our plastic surgery and ENT experts work together to restore swallowing, speaking, and other oral functions for a more natural appearance of the throat and neck. […] At UT Southwesterns Harold C. Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, patients have access to every available treatment option, delivered by the most experienced head and neck cancer specialists in Dallas. Find out more about all the options we offer for head and neck cancer treatment.

• #45 Treatment For Tongue Cancer | Tongue cancer | Cancer Research UK

  https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/about-cancer/mouth-cancer/stages-types-grades/tongue-cancer/treatment

  Treatment is also given to control symptoms. For example, radiotherapy to help control pain. […] You might need radiotherapy or chemoradiotherapy after surgery. This is if your doctor thinks there is a high risk that your cancer will come back. Chemoradiotherapy means you have chemotherapy and radiotherapy together. […] You might have one of the following: chemotherapy and radiotherapy together (chemoradiotherapy) to your throat and neck, surgery to remove part of the throat, including all or part of the tongue. Your surgeon may also remove some of the lymph nodes in your neck. This is followed by radiotherapy or chemoradiotherapy, radiotherapy on its own, a targeted drug (cetuximab) with radiotherapy for squamous cell cancer, an immunotherapy drug (pembrolizumab or nivolumab) for squamous cell cancer.

• #46 Mouth cancer (oral cancer) treatment | Macmillan Cancer Support

  https://www.macmillan.org.uk/cancer-information-and-support/head-and-neck-cancer/treatment-for-mouth-cancer

  Chemoradiation can be given instead of surgery to treat early-stage mouth cancers. […] Targeted therapy drugs work by targeting something in or around the cancer cell that is helping it grow and survive. […] Cetuximab is the most commonly used targeted therapy to treat mouth cancer. […] Immunotherapies are treatments that use the immune system to find and attack cancer cells.

• #47 Treatment For Tongue Cancer | Tongue cancer | Cancer Research UK

  https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/about-cancer/mouth-cancer/stages-types-grades/tongue-cancer/treatment

  You might have radiotherapy, chemotherapy or surgery to control symptoms of advanced cancer. […] You might have radiotherapy: on its own as your main treatment for cancer in the base of the tongue or after surgery, combined with chemotherapy (chemoradiotherapy) as your main treatment for a cancer in the base of the tongue or after surgery, to help relieve the symptoms of advanced tongue cancer. […] You might have chemotherapy combined with radiotherapy (chemoradiotherapy). The chemotherapy helps the radiotherapy work better. […] You might have cetuximab: with radiotherapy for locally advanced squamous cell mouth and oropharyngeal cancer, with platinum chemotherapy for squamous cell mouth cancer that has come back or has spread to other parts of the body. […] You might have pembrolizumab if you have squamous cell cancer and: you haven’t had any treatment for an advanced cancer, your cancer has come back and you can’t have surgery to remove the cancer, the cancer shows a type of protein called programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1).

• #48 Malignant Tumors of the Mobile Tongue Treatment & Management: Medical Therapy, Surgical Therapy, Preoperative Details

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/847428-treatment

  Radiation therapy is considered a valid option for the primary management of small oral tongue cancers in patients who refuse surgery or those who are poor surgical candidates. […] The role of chemotherapy in the management of cancer of the oral tongue is still unclear. Early tumors are not treated with this modality, because of the high success of either radiation therapy or surgery. Patients who present with extensive primary lesions or with distant metastases and poor prognoses are good candidates for chemotherapy. […] A newer strategy for using chemotherapeutic agents is concomitant chemoradiation. With this modality, chemotherapy is administered at the same time as radiation therapy. This approach has multiple benefits, which include synergism, radiosensitization, beneficial antiproliferative effects, possible improved locoregional control, and possible improved survival.

• #49 Lip & Oral Cancer Treatment Options – Virginia Oncology

  https://www.virginiacancer.com/head-neck-cancer/lip-oral-cancer/treatment-options/

  Radiation therapy is an option used for small tumors, for people who can’t have surgery, before surgery to shrink the tumor, or after surgery to destroy cancer cells that may remain in the area. […] Chemotherapy uses drugs to kill cancer cells. […] Some patients may need a treatment regimen that includes both chemotherapy and radiation therapies. […] Chemotherapy and radiation therapy can cause some of the same side effects — including painful mouth and gums, dry mouth, infection, and changes in taste. […] While some side effects can be permanent, most improve once treatment has stopped. […] Some people with oral cancer receive a type of drug known as targeted therapy.

• #50 Treatment For Tongue Cancer | Tongue cancer | Cancer Research UK

  https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/about-cancer/mouth-cancer/stages-types-grades/tongue-cancer/treatment

  You might have radiotherapy, chemotherapy or surgery to control symptoms of advanced cancer. […] You might have radiotherapy: on its own as your main treatment for cancer in the base of the tongue or after surgery, combined with chemotherapy (chemoradiotherapy) as your main treatment for a cancer in the base of the tongue or after surgery, to help relieve the symptoms of advanced tongue cancer. […] You might have chemotherapy combined with radiotherapy (chemoradiotherapy). The chemotherapy helps the radiotherapy work better. […] You might have cetuximab: with radiotherapy for locally advanced squamous cell mouth and oropharyngeal cancer, with platinum chemotherapy for squamous cell mouth cancer that has come back or has spread to other parts of the body. […] You might have pembrolizumab if you have squamous cell cancer and: you haven’t had any treatment for an advanced cancer, your cancer has come back and you can’t have surgery to remove the cancer, the cancer shows a type of protein called programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1).

• #51 Mouth cancer – Diagnosis and treatment – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/mouth-cancer/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20351002

  Targeted therapy for cancer is a treatment that uses medicines to attack specific chemicals in the cancer cells. By blocking these chemicals, targeted therapy can cause cancer cells to die. […] For mouth cancer, immunotherapy might be used when mouth cancer comes back or spreads to other parts of the body.

• #52 Treatment For Tongue Cancer | Tongue cancer | Cancer Research UK

  https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/about-cancer/mouth-cancer/stages-types-grades/tongue-cancer/treatment

  You might have radiotherapy, chemotherapy or surgery to control symptoms of advanced cancer. […] You might have radiotherapy: on its own as your main treatment for cancer in the base of the tongue or after surgery, combined with chemotherapy (chemoradiotherapy) as your main treatment for a cancer in the base of the tongue or after surgery, to help relieve the symptoms of advanced tongue cancer. […] You might have chemotherapy combined with radiotherapy (chemoradiotherapy). The chemotherapy helps the radiotherapy work better. […] You might have cetuximab: with radiotherapy for locally advanced squamous cell mouth and oropharyngeal cancer, with platinum chemotherapy for squamous cell mouth cancer that has come back or has spread to other parts of the body. […] You might have pembrolizumab if you have squamous cell cancer and: you haven’t had any treatment for an advanced cancer, your cancer has come back and you can’t have surgery to remove the cancer, the cancer shows a type of protein called programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1).

• #53 Mouth cancer (oral cancer) treatment | Macmillan Cancer Support

  https://www.macmillan.org.uk/cancer-information-and-support/head-and-neck-cancer/treatment-for-mouth-cancer

  Chemoradiation can be given instead of surgery to treat early-stage mouth cancers. […] Targeted therapy drugs work by targeting something in or around the cancer cell that is helping it grow and survive. […] Cetuximab is the most commonly used targeted therapy to treat mouth cancer. […] Immunotherapies are treatments that use the immune system to find and attack cancer cells.

• #54 Oral Cancer Treatment Options & Advanced Therapies

  https://www.cancercenter.com/cancer-types/oral-cancer/treatments

  One potential target in oral cancer is the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR). Studies have shown that many oral tumor cells contain too many copies of EGFR. This excess hormone allows the cancer cells to grow faster and to become resistant to radiation and/or chemotherapy. Treating oral cancer with a drug that targets EGFR may help kill cancer cells without harming normal tissues. […] Your oncologist may recommend an EGFR-targeted drug in combination with chemotherapy or radiation therapy to treat oral cancer. If the cancer has stopped responding to radiation and chemotherapy, targeted therapy may be used on its own to help control the disease. […] Immunotherapy drugs harness the power of your immune system to find and destroy cancer cells. They target specific proteins on the surface of cancer cells, killing them or preventing them from growing. Some immunotherapy drugs are being studied to see whether they have a role in the treatment of oral cancer, including the checkpoint inhibitors Keytruda (pembrolizumab) and Opdivo (nivolumab). These drugs may also be used when chemotherapy stops working in patients whose oral cancer has returned or spread to other parts of the body.

• #55 Treatment For Tongue Cancer | Tongue cancer | Cancer Research UK

  https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/about-cancer/mouth-cancer/stages-types-grades/tongue-cancer/treatment

  You might have radiotherapy, chemotherapy or surgery to control symptoms of advanced cancer. […] You might have radiotherapy: on its own as your main treatment for cancer in the base of the tongue or after surgery, combined with chemotherapy (chemoradiotherapy) as your main treatment for a cancer in the base of the tongue or after surgery, to help relieve the symptoms of advanced tongue cancer. […] You might have chemotherapy combined with radiotherapy (chemoradiotherapy). The chemotherapy helps the radiotherapy work better. […] You might have cetuximab: with radiotherapy for locally advanced squamous cell mouth and oropharyngeal cancer, with platinum chemotherapy for squamous cell mouth cancer that has come back or has spread to other parts of the body. […] You might have pembrolizumab if you have squamous cell cancer and: you haven’t had any treatment for an advanced cancer, your cancer has come back and you can’t have surgery to remove the cancer, the cancer shows a type of protein called programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1).

• #56 Treatment For Tongue Cancer | Tongue cancer | Cancer Research UK

  https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/about-cancer/mouth-cancer/stages-types-grades/tongue-cancer/treatment

  You might have radiotherapy, chemotherapy or surgery to control symptoms of advanced cancer. […] You might have radiotherapy: on its own as your main treatment for cancer in the base of the tongue or after surgery, combined with chemotherapy (chemoradiotherapy) as your main treatment for a cancer in the base of the tongue or after surgery, to help relieve the symptoms of advanced tongue cancer. […] You might have chemotherapy combined with radiotherapy (chemoradiotherapy). The chemotherapy helps the radiotherapy work better. […] You might have cetuximab: with radiotherapy for locally advanced squamous cell mouth and oropharyngeal cancer, with platinum chemotherapy for squamous cell mouth cancer that has come back or has spread to other parts of the body. […] You might have pembrolizumab if you have squamous cell cancer and: you haven’t had any treatment for an advanced cancer, your cancer has come back and you can’t have surgery to remove the cancer, the cancer shows a type of protein called programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1).

• #57 Medication for Oral Cancer | NYU Langone Health

  https://nyulangone.org/conditions/oral-cancer/treatments/medication-for-oral-cancer

  Doctors may also prescribe a targeted drug alone for people who cannot tolerate the side effects associated with chemotherapy. Targeted drugs sometimes have different or less severe side effects than chemotherapy. […] Cetuximab is a commonly prescribed targeted drug used to treat oral cancer. It targets a protein called epidermal growth factor receptor, which may be present in oral cancer tumors. This protein signals cancer cells to grow and divide. Cetuximab interferes with the proteins function, causing tumors to shrink. This medication is given through a vein with intravenous (IV) infusion about once a week for a period of time determined by your doctor. […] Most of the side effects associated with the medications used to manage oral cancer are temporary. Chemotherapy side effects may include fatigue, loss of appetite, nausea, vomiting, dry mouth, sores in the mouth and throat, changes in kidney function, ringing in the ears, and reduced blood cell levels. Chemoradiation can cause these side effects as well as those associated with radiation therapy.

• #58 Medication for Oral Cancer | NYU Langone Health

  https://nyulangone.org/conditions/oral-cancer/treatments/medication-for-oral-cancer

  Cetuximab is associated with a short-term skin rash and itching. […] To lessen side effects, your doctor may adjust the dosage, prescribe another medication, or recommend integrative health therapies or support services. […] NYU Langone offers clinical trials in which new combinations of chemotherapy drugs and other medications are studied for the treatment of oral cancer in adults. For example, doctors are studying the use of immunotherapy—a treatment that helps to boost the bodys immune response to cancer—when the condition has spread. […] In addition, oral rinses are being studied to decrease mouth sores that result from chemoradiation treatment. Researchers are also studying the use of medical marijuana to manage pain caused by oral cancer. […] You and your doctor can discuss whether a clinical trial is right for you.

• #59 Tongue cancer – Diagnosis and treatment – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/tongue-cancer/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20549478

  Immunotherapy is a treatment with medicine that helps your body’s immune system kill cancer cells. Your immune system fights off diseases by attacking germs and other cells that shouldn’t be in your body. Cancer cells survive by hiding from the immune system. Immunotherapy helps the immune system cells find and kill the cancer cells. Immunotherapy might be used when the cancer is advanced and other treatments haven’t helped. […] Treatment for advanced tongue cancer can impact your ability to speak and eat. Working with a skilled rehabilitation team can help you cope with changes that result from tongue cancer treatment.

• #60 Immunotherapy for Oral Cancer: Benefits, Side Effects, and More

  https://www.healthline.com/health/oral-cancer/immunotherapy-for-oral-cancer

  Immunotherapy involves taking medications that stimulate your immune system to destroy cancer cells. It can sometimes treat oral cancer that cant be removed surgically or has returned. […] Immunotherapy, with or without chemotherapy, is a potential treatment for cancers that have spread too far for surgery and radiation therapy to be effective or cancers that have returned after treatment. Your doctor may also recommend immunotherapy if chemotherapy drugs stop working. […] Pembrolizumab (Keytruda) and nivolumab (Opdivo) are the most studied immunotherapy drugs for oral cancer. […] Many other immunotherapy drugs are under investigation for treating oral cancer. […] In a phase 3 clinical trial of 882 people with incurable, recurrent, or metastatic head and neck cancer, researchers concluded that pembrolizumab plus chemotherapy is an appropriate first-line treatment for recurrent or metastatic head and neck cancer. Pembrolizumab by itself was effective for treating PD-L1-positive recurrent or metastatic head and neck cancer. […] Doctors use immunotherapy to treat oral cancers that they cant surgically remove or that have spread to other locations or returned after treatment. Researchers are still investigating how best to use immunotherapy to treat oral cancer.

• #61 Tongue Cancer – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK562324/

  Management of the neck is essential, as recurrence or persistence of disease in the neck after primary therapy confers a poor prognosis. […] Patients with pathologic confirmation of disease presence in the locoregional lymph nodes, most of the time, require additional treatment after surgery to achieve a cure. Usually, this consists of a combination of cisplatin-based chemotherapy and radiation. […] Immunotherapeutic agents, specifically tyrosine kinase inhibitors and PD-1 inhibitors, are now being used more frequently in combination with cisplatin-based chemotherapy or alone, and there is ongoing clinical research regarding their potential benefits in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma.

• #62 Treatment For Tongue Cancer | Tongue cancer | Cancer Research UK

  https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/about-cancer/mouth-cancer/stages-types-grades/tongue-cancer/treatment

  You might have radiotherapy, chemotherapy or surgery to control symptoms of advanced cancer. […] You might have radiotherapy: on its own as your main treatment for cancer in the base of the tongue or after surgery, combined with chemotherapy (chemoradiotherapy) as your main treatment for a cancer in the base of the tongue or after surgery, to help relieve the symptoms of advanced tongue cancer. […] You might have chemotherapy combined with radiotherapy (chemoradiotherapy). The chemotherapy helps the radiotherapy work better. […] You might have cetuximab: with radiotherapy for locally advanced squamous cell mouth and oropharyngeal cancer, with platinum chemotherapy for squamous cell mouth cancer that has come back or has spread to other parts of the body. […] You might have pembrolizumab if you have squamous cell cancer and: you haven’t had any treatment for an advanced cancer, your cancer has come back and you can’t have surgery to remove the cancer, the cancer shows a type of protein called programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1).

• #63 Treatment For Tongue Cancer | Tongue cancer | Cancer Research UK

  https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/about-cancer/mouth-cancer/stages-types-grades/tongue-cancer/treatment

  You might have radiotherapy, chemotherapy or surgery to control symptoms of advanced cancer. […] You might have radiotherapy: on its own as your main treatment for cancer in the base of the tongue or after surgery, combined with chemotherapy (chemoradiotherapy) as your main treatment for a cancer in the base of the tongue or after surgery, to help relieve the symptoms of advanced tongue cancer. […] You might have chemotherapy combined with radiotherapy (chemoradiotherapy). The chemotherapy helps the radiotherapy work better. […] You might have cetuximab: with radiotherapy for locally advanced squamous cell mouth and oropharyngeal cancer, with platinum chemotherapy for squamous cell mouth cancer that has come back or has spread to other parts of the body. […] You might have pembrolizumab if you have squamous cell cancer and: you haven’t had any treatment for an advanced cancer, your cancer has come back and you can’t have surgery to remove the cancer, the cancer shows a type of protein called programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1).

• #64 Immunotherapy for Oral Cancer: Benefits, Side Effects, and More

  https://www.healthline.com/health/oral-cancer/immunotherapy-for-oral-cancer

  Immunotherapy involves taking medications that stimulate your immune system to destroy cancer cells. It can sometimes treat oral cancer that cant be removed surgically or has returned. […] Immunotherapy, with or without chemotherapy, is a potential treatment for cancers that have spread too far for surgery and radiation therapy to be effective or cancers that have returned after treatment. Your doctor may also recommend immunotherapy if chemotherapy drugs stop working. […] Pembrolizumab (Keytruda) and nivolumab (Opdivo) are the most studied immunotherapy drugs for oral cancer. […] Many other immunotherapy drugs are under investigation for treating oral cancer. […] In a phase 3 clinical trial of 882 people with incurable, recurrent, or metastatic head and neck cancer, researchers concluded that pembrolizumab plus chemotherapy is an appropriate first-line treatment for recurrent or metastatic head and neck cancer. Pembrolizumab by itself was effective for treating PD-L1-positive recurrent or metastatic head and neck cancer. […] Doctors use immunotherapy to treat oral cancers that they cant surgically remove or that have spread to other locations or returned after treatment. Researchers are still investigating how best to use immunotherapy to treat oral cancer.

• #65 Tongue Cancer: Symptoms, Causes (Smoking, HPV) & Survival Rate

  https://www.cancercenter.com/cancer-types/oral-cancer/types/tongue-cancer

  If the patient has metastatic or recurrent cancer, the care team may propose participating in a clinical trial. These trials give the patient access to advanced new treatments and help researchers determine their safety and usefulness. […] The patient may experience side effects of treatment. Surgery carries the risk of infection and bleeding. Radiation therapy may cause inflammation, fibrosis, neuropathy, hypothyroidism and bone damage. Chemotherapy and immunotherapy both produce side effects that vary depending on the specific drugs used. Chemotherapy tends to target fast-growing cells and may damage hair follicles, cells lining the digestive tract and those in the bone marrow, resulting in hair loss, nausea and weakness. Immunotherapy’s side effects range from pain and itchiness to fever and chills to swelling, vomiting, blood pressure changes, heart palpitations, dizziness and severe allergic or inflammatory reactions.

• #66 Treatment For Tongue Cancer | Tongue cancer | Cancer Research UK

  https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/about-cancer/mouth-cancer/stages-types-grades/tongue-cancer/treatment

  The main treatments for tongue cancer are surgery, radiotherapy and chemotherapy, either combined or on their own. […] Your treatment depends on how big the cancer is and whether it has spread (the stage). It also depends on which part of the tongue is affected. […] The most common treatment is surgery to remove the affected area. You might also have radiotherapy after surgery to try to prevent a cancer from coming back. This is known as adjuvant radiotherapy. […] You are most likely to have a combination of these treatments: surgery to remove the cancer from your tongue and the lymph nodes in your neck, reconstructive surgery to rebuild the tongue, radiotherapy after surgery, chemotherapy, chemotherapy with radiotherapy (chemoradiotherapy), a targeted drug (cetuximab) with platinum chemotherapy for squamous cell cancer, an immunotherapy drug (pembrolizumab or nivolumab) for squamous cell cancer.

• #67 Tongue Cancer – UChicago Medicine

  https://www.uchicagomedicine.org/cancer/types-treatments/head-neck-cancers/tongue-cancer

  A complete remission of your tongue cancer is our primary goal at UChicago Medicine Comprehensive Cancer Center. But we know that preserving as much of your ability to taste, eat, speak and swallow is also vital. […] To achieve both of these goals for our patients, our internationally esteemed head and neck cancer specialists believe in a team approach to tongue cancer that considers all possible treatments (surgery, radiation, chemotherapy and novel therapies). This means that all of our experienced cancer specialists – medical oncologists, radiation oncologists, head and neck surgical oncologists, speech pathologists and others – will be involved in your case, combining their deep expertise to determine how to best treat the cancer. […] UChicago Medicine has been a leader in defining alternative approaches to successfully treat tongue cancer in many of our patients, even when the cancer is advanced.

• #68 Oral Cavity (Mouth) Cancer Treatment Options, by Stage | American Cancer Society

  https://www.cancer.org/cancer/types/oral-cavity-and-oropharyngeal-cancer/treating/by-stage.html

  Treatment for oral cavity cancer is based largely on the stage (extent) of the cancer, but other factors can also be important. […] Most experts agree that treatment in a clinical trial should be considered for any cancer in the head and neck area. This way, people might have the chance of getting new treatments that may be better than standard ones. […] The usual treatment is surgery (usually Mohs surgery, surgical stripping, or thin resection) to remove the top layers of tissue along with a small margin (edge) of normal tissue. Follow-up is important to watch for any signs that the cancer has come back. Carcinoma in situ that keeps coming back after surgery may also need to be treated with radiation therapy. […] Most patients with stage I or II oral cavity cancers do well when treated with surgery and/or radiation therapy. Chemotherapy (chemo) given along with radiation (called chemoradiation) is another option. Both surgery and radiation work equally well in treating these cancers.

• #69 Treatments for early-stage oral cancer | Canadian Cancer Society

  https://cancer.ca/en/cancer-information/cancer-types/oral/treatment/early-stage

  The following are treatment options for early-stage (stage 1 or stage 2) oral cancer. Your healthcare team will suggest treatments based on your needs and work with you to develop a treatment plan. […] Early-stage oral cancers are usually treated with surgery as the main therapy. In certain situations, surgery may be followed with radiation therapy, with or without chemotherapy. […] Surgery to remove the tumour is the most common treatment used for early-stage oral cancers. […] Glossectomy is surgery to remove part or all of the tongue. […] Radiation therapy may be used after surgery. Radiation therapy may be given as external beam radiation therapy, brachytherapy or both. Sometimes chemotherapy is given along with radiation therapy (called chemoradiation). […] Radiation therapy may also be used to treat the lymph nodes in the neck for tumours that involve the oral tongue or floor of the mouth and are 4 mm or thicker.

• #70 Lip and Oral Cavity Cancer Treatment (PDQ®) – NCI

  https://www.cancer.gov/types/head-and-neck/hp/adult/lip-mouth-treatment-pdq

  Early cancers (stage I and stage II) of the lip, floor of the mouth, and retromolar trigone are highly curable by surgery or radiation therapy. The choice of treatment is dictated by the anticipated functional and cosmetic results. […] Advanced cancers (stage III and stage IV) of the lip, floor of the mouth, and retromolar trigone represent a wide spectrum of challenges for the surgeon and radiation oncologists. Most patients with stage III or stage IV tumors are candidates for treatment with a combination of surgery and radiation therapy. […] Early lesions (T1 and T2) of the anterior tongue may be managed by surgery or by radiation therapy alone. Both modalities produce 70% to 85% cure rates in patients with early lesions. […] Patients who smoke while receiving radiation therapy appear to have lower response rates and shorter survival durations than those who do not; therefore, patients should be counseled to stop smoking before beginning radiation therapy.

• #71 Malignant Tumors of the Mobile Tongue Treatment & Management: Medical Therapy, Surgical Therapy, Preoperative Details

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/847428-treatment

  Radiation therapy may be used as a single-modality treatment for small or superficial tongue lesions. The local control rates for T1 and T2 oral tongue cancers are similar for surgery and radiation therapy. However, radiation therapy has the advantage of preserving normal anatomy and tongue function. […] In early or moderately advanced tumors (ie, T1, T2, early T3), postoperative radiation therapy is considered if adverse histological features are noted in the pathology specimen of the primary tumor or the specimen from elective neck dissection. […] For advanced lesions, combined treatment with surgery is advisable. Most patients initially undergo surgical resection; however, many patients have recently been treated with high-dose (therapeutic) preoperative radiation therapy with either external beam radiotherapy alone or external radiation therapy plus interstitial radiotherapy followed by surgical resection of the residual tumor. The latter technique results in a less-extensive tongue resection, hopefully without compromising the prognosis.

• #72 Tongue Cancer – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK562324/

  In general, early-stage tongue carcinoma (T1 or T2) can be treated successfully with single-modality therapy, namely surgery or radiation. However, when long-term morbidity of treatment, cost, and other factors are considered, surgery is recommended upfront. […] On the other hand, patients with advanced disease (T3 or T4) have a poor response to single-modality treatment. […] Therefore, if feasible, surgery and postoperative chemoradiation would be the optimal treatment plan for a patient with advanced disease. […] Surgical interventions range from simple wide local excision and primary closure in small tumors to composite resections of the tongue/floor of mouth/mandible in advanced tumors with the need for locoregional flaps or microvascular free flap reconstruction. […] Regarding the base of tongue HPV-related squamous cell carcinoma, the treatment algorithm has completely shifted during the last decades. Trans-oral robotic surgery has a role mainly in early-stage disease, while advanced tumors in this region are usually treated with primary radiation and chemotherapy, given its excellent response.

• #73 Tongue Cancer – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK562324/

  In general, early-stage tongue carcinoma (T1 or T2) can be treated successfully with single-modality therapy, namely surgery or radiation. However, when long-term morbidity of treatment, cost, and other factors are considered, surgery is recommended upfront. […] On the other hand, patients with advanced disease (T3 or T4) have a poor response to single-modality treatment. […] Therefore, if feasible, surgery and postoperative chemoradiation would be the optimal treatment plan for a patient with advanced disease. […] Surgical interventions range from simple wide local excision and primary closure in small tumors to composite resections of the tongue/floor of mouth/mandible in advanced tumors with the need for locoregional flaps or microvascular free flap reconstruction. […] Regarding the base of tongue HPV-related squamous cell carcinoma, the treatment algorithm has completely shifted during the last decades. Trans-oral robotic surgery has a role mainly in early-stage disease, while advanced tumors in this region are usually treated with primary radiation and chemotherapy, given its excellent response.

• #74 Induction Therapy: Revolutionizing Tongue Cancer Treatment – Ivanhoe Broadcast News, Inc.

  https://www.ivanhoe.com/medical-breakthroughs/induction-therapy-revolutionizing-tongue-cancer-treatment/

  Induction therapy decreased the size of his tumor from a tangerine to a marble. […] Preserving the amount of tissue were able to preserve in him allowed him to speak, which I think is normally, and I think hes on a regular diet and lives a normal life, Dr. Yarborough adds. […] And most patients did not need radiation after treatment, not only curing them, but improving their quality of life after surgery. […] Doctors hope a phase three clinical trial will help to change the standard of care for tongue cancers and also believe induction therapy will be used to treat other cancers as well. […] A new clinical trial is on the market to treat tongue cancer. […] The goal of the clinical trial, led by Jared Weiss, MD, an oncologist at the UNC Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, was to shrink the tumor down as much as possible prior to surgery, in the hopes that it would make the surgery more effective and less severe. More importantly, it could reduce ones chances of needing radiation after the surgery, which could lead to debilitating side effects down the line, such as necrosis of the jaw, dental issues, dry mouth, speech and swallowing problems, and even aspiration when food enters the airway where it can get lodged.

• #75 Treatment For Tongue Cancer | Tongue cancer | Cancer Research UK

  https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/about-cancer/mouth-cancer/stages-types-grades/tongue-cancer/treatment

  You might have radiotherapy, chemotherapy or surgery to control symptoms of advanced cancer. […] You might have radiotherapy: on its own as your main treatment for cancer in the base of the tongue or after surgery, combined with chemotherapy (chemoradiotherapy) as your main treatment for a cancer in the base of the tongue or after surgery, to help relieve the symptoms of advanced tongue cancer. […] You might have chemotherapy combined with radiotherapy (chemoradiotherapy). The chemotherapy helps the radiotherapy work better. […] You might have cetuximab: with radiotherapy for locally advanced squamous cell mouth and oropharyngeal cancer, with platinum chemotherapy for squamous cell mouth cancer that has come back or has spread to other parts of the body. […] You might have pembrolizumab if you have squamous cell cancer and: you haven’t had any treatment for an advanced cancer, your cancer has come back and you can’t have surgery to remove the cancer, the cancer shows a type of protein called programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1).

• #76 Oral Cavity (Mouth) Cancer Treatment Options, by Stage | American Cancer Society

  https://www.cancer.org/cancer/types/oral-cavity-and-oropharyngeal-cancer/treating/by-stage.html

  If the cancer comes back in the lymph nodes in the neck, the nodes are often removed with surgery (lymph node dissection). This may be followed by radiation or chemoradiation. […] If the cancer comes back in a distant area, chemo (and/or cetuximab) is often used. Immunotherapy with or without chemo might be an option as well.

• #77 Oral Cavity (Mouth) Cancer Treatment Options, by Stage | American Cancer Society

  https://www.cancer.org/cancer/types/oral-cavity-and-oropharyngeal-cancer/treating/by-stage.html

  If the cancer comes back in the lymph nodes in the neck, the nodes are often removed with surgery (lymph node dissection). This may be followed by radiation or chemoradiation. […] If the cancer comes back in a distant area, chemo (and/or cetuximab) is often used. Immunotherapy with or without chemo might be an option as well.

• #78 Oral Cavity (Mouth) Cancer Treatment Options, by Stage | American Cancer Society

  https://www.cancer.org/cancer/types/oral-cavity-and-oropharyngeal-cancer/treating/by-stage.html

  If the cancer comes back in the lymph nodes in the neck, the nodes are often removed with surgery (lymph node dissection). This may be followed by radiation or chemoradiation. […] If the cancer comes back in a distant area, chemo (and/or cetuximab) is often used. Immunotherapy with or without chemo might be an option as well.

• #79 Treating Oral (Mouth) and Oropharyngeal (Throat) Cancer | Mouth & Throat Cancer Treatment | American Cancer Society

  https://www.cancer.org/cancer/types/oral-cavity-and-oropharyngeal-cancer/treating.html

  For some people, when treatments have been tried and are no longer controlling the cancer, it could be time to weigh the benefits and risks of continuing to try new treatments. […] Remember that even if you choose not to treat the cancer, you can still get supportive care to help with pain or other symptoms. […] Hospice care is designed to provide the best possible quality of life for people who are near the end of life.

• #80 Treatment – Oral Cancer Foundation | Information and Resources about Oral Head and Neck Cancer

  https://oralcancerfoundation.org/cdc/treatment/

  A. State of the Science Multidisciplinary Tumor Board Concept […] Patients with head and neck cancer should be evaluated before initiation of therapy by representatives of each discipline responsible for administering cancer care. […] After examination of the patient, the board should reconvene to discuss therapeutic alternatives and to formulate a recommendation for treatment based on expected outcome (function, cosmesis, impact of treatment on lifestyle and career) and the expertise available at the treating institution. […] If no curative option exists, the board may recommend treatment with palliative intent. […] Patients are routinely advised to discontinue use of all tobacco products and alcohol. […] Treatment Selection for the Primary Site: General Principles […] Surgery or radiotherapy is curative for most early carcinomas of the oral cavity and oropharynx; cure rates for the two modalities are similar. […] More advanced lesions typically require combined radiotherapy and surgery to obtain optimal cure rates. […] Postoperative radiotherapy is also used when the primary surgical specimen is found to have vascular or perineural invasion or close surgical margins.

• #81 Oral Cancer Causes, Symptoms, Diagnosis, Treatment | National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research

  https://www.nidcr.nih.gov/health-info/oral-cancer

  Oral cancer is treated with surgery and possibly radiation therapy or chemotherapy. Oral cancer that is further along when it is diagnosed may need a combination of treatments. […] Another treatment option is targeted therapy, which is a newer type of cancer treatment that uses drugs to precisely identify and attack cancer cells. Immunotherapy may also be a potential treatment; it can work with the body’s natural defenses to improve immune function. The choice of treatment depends on your general health, where in your mouth or throat the cancer began, the size and type of the tumor, and whether the cancer has spread. […] Your doctor may refer you to a specialist. Specialists who treat oral cancer include: Head and neck surgeons. Dentists who specialize in surgery of the mouth, face, and jaw (oral and maxillofacial surgeons). Ear, nose, and throat doctors (otolaryngologists). Doctors who specifically treat cancer (medical and radiation oncologists). […] Other health care professionals who may be part of a treatment team include dentists, plastic surgeons, reconstructive surgeons, speech pathologists, oncology nurses, registered dietitians, genetic counselors, and mental health counselors.

• #82 Head and Neck Cancer Treatment Protocols: Treatment Protocols

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/2047890-overview

  Surgery is preferred for most patients with early or localized disease, and may be considered for locally advanced disease. Selected patients with advanced or metastatic disease may receive surgical resection of their primary tumors, depending on their response to first-line therapy. However, surgery at the primary disease site has a very limited role, if any, in nasopharyngeal cancers, due to their anatomical location and radiosensitivity. […] Treatment plans for all disease stages should be discussed at a multidisciplinary tumor conference involving ENT surgeons, radiation oncologists, and medical oncologists. […] Surgery or radiation therapy for early or localized disease (oral cavity, pharyngeal, and laryngeal cancers) […] Primary treatment for oropharyngeal cancers is surgical resection or definitive radiation therapy.

• #83 Treating Oral (Mouth) and Oropharyngeal (Throat) Cancer | Mouth & Throat Cancer Treatment | American Cancer Society

  https://www.cancer.org/cancer/types/oral-cavity-and-oropharyngeal-cancer/treating.html

  When you choose a treatment plan, consider your overall health, the type and stage of the cancer, the chances of curing the disease, and the possible impact of the treatment on important functions like speech, chewing, and swallowing. […] Clinical trials are carefully controlled research studies that are done to get a closer look at promising new treatments or procedures. Clinical trials are one way to get state-of-the-art cancer treatment. […] Complementary methods are treatments that are used along with your regular medical care. Alternative treatments are used instead of standard medical treatment. […] Be sure to talk to your cancer care team about any method you are thinking about using. […] Whether you are thinking about treatment, getting treatment, or not being treated at all, you can still get supportive care to help with pain or other symptoms.

• #84 Treatment For Tongue Cancer | Tongue cancer | Cancer Research UK

  https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/about-cancer/mouth-cancer/stages-types-grades/tongue-cancer/treatment

  Treatment to the tongue can cause problems with your speech, changes with eating and drinking, or swallowing. These could be permanent changes for some people. […] You will have a speech and language therapist as part of the team looking after you. They will help as much as possible to restore your speech.

• #85 Mouth Cancer – UChicago Medicine

  https://www.uchicagomedicine.org/cancer/types-treatments/head-neck-cancers/mouth-cancer

  We began giving patients chemotherapy and radiation therapy first, prior to any surgery. […] Our highly experienced medical oncologists and radiation oncologists know how to reduce side effects as much as possible during treatment, by using effective drugs and pinpointing the amount of radiation truly needed to treat the cancer (and no more). […] At UChicago Medicine, our speech pathologists, nutritionists and other rehabilitation team members get involved in your care from the very beginning. […] If you smoke, it is important that you stop smoking during and after treatment for mouth cancer. […] The head and neck cancer team at UChicago Medicine offered him a different approach, one that saved his tongue and his life. […] We have brilliant surgeons. But it is not what we want to do first. And so what we already had experience with at the time was to start out with chemotherapy to try and tame this tumor–to take the inflammation down, to take the size down–and then go in with chemotherapy and radiation.

• #86 Oral Cancer

  https://www.asha.org/public/speech/disorders/oral-cancer/?srsltid=AfmBOoqKDcbtsJFfKPO9AotfUcdjw8l99gYHgJp8BZtvKM28YdVV260K

  You may see an SLP before or after your cancer treatment. […] There are different ways to treat oral cancer. You may have surgery, radiation, chemotherapy, immunotherapy, or a combination of these. […] An SLP can help you get used to the changes in your mouth after treatment. The SLP can help you learn how to make sounds more clearly. […] Treatment for swallowing problems may include changing the types of food you eat. You also may learn new head positions or exercises to help you swallow more easily. […] Sometimes after surgery, the SLP works with doctors or dentists to find different ways to rebuild parts of your mouth that were removed during surgery. This is another way to help you speak and swallow more easily.

• #87 Tongue Cancer Treatment: Expertise You Can Trust| UVA Health

  https://uvahealth.com/services/head-neck-cancer/tongue-cancer

  Tongue cancer, or oral cancer, can hurt your ability to eat, swallow, and talk. It could also hurt other parts of your throat and face. You need to find tongue cancer treatment that is thorough and accurate, with the least damage possible. […] Here, you’ll find the full range of treatments for every aspect of tongue cancer, including: Surgery, Radiation, Chemotherapy. […] Following surgery, radiation, or chemotherapy, you may need rehabilitation. We offer therapy to improve tongue movement, chewing, and swallowing. If the use of your tongue has been impaired, you may also benefit from speech therapy. […] We’ll also watch you closely to make sure the cancer doesn’t come back. This will include close monitoring of your mouth, throat, esophagus, and lungs with our high-tech diagnostic tools.

• #88 Oral Cancer

  https://www.asha.org/public/speech/disorders/oral-cancer/?srsltid=AfmBOoqKDcbtsJFfKPO9AotfUcdjw8l99gYHgJp8BZtvKM28YdVV260K

  You may see an SLP before or after your cancer treatment. […] There are different ways to treat oral cancer. You may have surgery, radiation, chemotherapy, immunotherapy, or a combination of these. […] An SLP can help you get used to the changes in your mouth after treatment. The SLP can help you learn how to make sounds more clearly. […] Treatment for swallowing problems may include changing the types of food you eat. You also may learn new head positions or exercises to help you swallow more easily. […] Sometimes after surgery, the SLP works with doctors or dentists to find different ways to rebuild parts of your mouth that were removed during surgery. This is another way to help you speak and swallow more easily.

• #89 Oral Cancer

  https://www.asha.org/public/speech/disorders/oral-cancer/?srsltid=AfmBOoqKDcbtsJFfKPO9AotfUcdjw8l99gYHgJp8BZtvKM28YdVV260K

  You may see an SLP before or after your cancer treatment. […] There are different ways to treat oral cancer. You may have surgery, radiation, chemotherapy, immunotherapy, or a combination of these. […] An SLP can help you get used to the changes in your mouth after treatment. The SLP can help you learn how to make sounds more clearly. […] Treatment for swallowing problems may include changing the types of food you eat. You also may learn new head positions or exercises to help you swallow more easily. […] Sometimes after surgery, the SLP works with doctors or dentists to find different ways to rebuild parts of your mouth that were removed during surgery. This is another way to help you speak and swallow more easily.

• #90 Oral Cancer

  https://www.asha.org/public/speech/disorders/oral-cancer/?srsltid=AfmBOoqKDcbtsJFfKPO9AotfUcdjw8l99gYHgJp8BZtvKM28YdVV260K

  You may see an SLP before or after your cancer treatment. […] There are different ways to treat oral cancer. You may have surgery, radiation, chemotherapy, immunotherapy, or a combination of these. […] An SLP can help you get used to the changes in your mouth after treatment. The SLP can help you learn how to make sounds more clearly. […] Treatment for swallowing problems may include changing the types of food you eat. You also may learn new head positions or exercises to help you swallow more easily. […] Sometimes after surgery, the SLP works with doctors or dentists to find different ways to rebuild parts of your mouth that were removed during surgery. This is another way to help you speak and swallow more easily.

• #91 Oral Cancer

  https://www.asha.org/public/speech/disorders/oral-cancer/?srsltid=AfmBOoqKDcbtsJFfKPO9AotfUcdjw8l99gYHgJp8BZtvKM28YdVV260K

  You may see an SLP before or after your cancer treatment. […] There are different ways to treat oral cancer. You may have surgery, radiation, chemotherapy, immunotherapy, or a combination of these. […] An SLP can help you get used to the changes in your mouth after treatment. The SLP can help you learn how to make sounds more clearly. […] Treatment for swallowing problems may include changing the types of food you eat. You also may learn new head positions or exercises to help you swallow more easily. […] Sometimes after surgery, the SLP works with doctors or dentists to find different ways to rebuild parts of your mouth that were removed during surgery. This is another way to help you speak and swallow more easily.

• #92 Oral cancer survivor: Half of my tongue is gone, but I couldn’t be happier | MD Anderson Cancer Center

  https://www.mdanderson.org/cancerwise/squamous-cell-carcinoma-oral-cancer-survivor-half-of-my-tongue-is-gone–but-i-couldn-t-be-happier.h00-159302256.html

  Ive had four of my back teeth removed, the floor of my mouth rebuilt and more than half of my tongue replaced with an arm muscle. […] The ENT said MD Anderson was the best place for treating squamous cell carcinoma, and my online research made clear that MD Anderson has the worlds best Head and Neck Center. […] At MD Anderson, my world-renowned oncologists recommended three rounds of induction chemotherapy, followed by surgery and radiation combined with more chemotherapy. […] Dr. Randal Weber removed the tumor from my tongue on Oct. 17, 2016. Then, Dr. Alexander Mericli rebuilt my tongue and the floor of my mouth using part of my left forearm muscle. […] I started with liquids and pudding-type food, then soft foods and so on. […] I continued to get most of my nutrition through a PEG tube inserted in my stomach. […] I lost most of my taste buds through surgery and radiation, so now I can only taste really strong sweet or sour flavors. […] But Ive been cancer-free since finishing treatment in December 2016.

• #93 Tongue Cancer: Symptoms & Treatment | Baptist Cancer Center

  https://www.baptistcancercenter.com/Cancers-We-Treat/Tongue-Cancer

  Learn about what Baptist Cancer Center offers you in terms of leading-edge tongue cancer treatments. […] Though treatment recommendations may vary depending on your type and stage of tongue cancer, treatment may include chemotherapy, surgery or radiation therapy, or some combination of these. […] A referral to a dietitian and a speech-language pathologist or occupational therapist may be recommended to assist in eating, swallowing or speaking symptoms.

• #94 Oral cancer survivor: Half of my tongue is gone, but I couldn’t be happier | MD Anderson Cancer Center

  https://www.mdanderson.org/cancerwise/squamous-cell-carcinoma-oral-cancer-survivor-half-of-my-tongue-is-gone–but-i-couldn-t-be-happier.h00-159302256.html

  Ive had four of my back teeth removed, the floor of my mouth rebuilt and more than half of my tongue replaced with an arm muscle. […] The ENT said MD Anderson was the best place for treating squamous cell carcinoma, and my online research made clear that MD Anderson has the worlds best Head and Neck Center. […] At MD Anderson, my world-renowned oncologists recommended three rounds of induction chemotherapy, followed by surgery and radiation combined with more chemotherapy. […] Dr. Randal Weber removed the tumor from my tongue on Oct. 17, 2016. Then, Dr. Alexander Mericli rebuilt my tongue and the floor of my mouth using part of my left forearm muscle. […] I started with liquids and pudding-type food, then soft foods and so on. […] I continued to get most of my nutrition through a PEG tube inserted in my stomach. […] I lost most of my taste buds through surgery and radiation, so now I can only taste really strong sweet or sour flavors. […] But Ive been cancer-free since finishing treatment in December 2016.

• #95 Your Guide to Radiation Therapy for Tongue Cancer

  https://www.healthline.com/health/cancer/radiation-for-tongue-cancer

  Most EBRT treatments for oral cancer require multiple doses across several days over an extended calendar. Usually, this will be 5 days per week for roughly 7 weeks, but individual experiences will vary. […] Unlike with chemotherapy, side effects from radiation are usually localized to the treatment area. This means that for tongue cancer symptoms will be in the head and neck region. […] The most common symptoms reported are fatigue during the actual treatment. Other common side effects include: difficulty producing saliva, skin irritation around the treatment region, dry mouth, difficulty swallowing, loss of taste/food tasting different, osteoradionecrosis of the jaw (damage to the jaw bone), thyroid problems, carotid artery damage, tooth decay or other dental problems, hair loss. […] RT success rates for any cancer always depend on when treatments began after detection and the stage when the therapy began.

• #96 Mouth Care for Cancer Patients | Dana-Farber Cancer Institute

  https://www.dana-farber.org/health-library/mouth-care-for-cancer-patients

  Patients who are receiving cancer therapy often have changes in the mouth. This information can help you understand possible side effects of cancer treatment, including tips for mouth care that may help prevent or minimize these changes. […] Chemotherapy may also cause mouth sores (mucositis). These sores usually heal in one to two weeks; however, more serious ulcers may become infected with bacteria or yeast that are commonly found in the mouth. […] Radiation therapy is often used to treat individuals with cancer of the head and neck. It is delivered to the head and neck area to destroy cancer cells but unfortunately, some normal cells are injured as well. […] To prevent infection and tooth decay, it is very important to see your dentist early in your treatment and to continue good mouth cleaning daily.

• #97 Mouth Care for Cancer Patients | Dana-Farber Cancer Institute

  https://www.dana-farber.org/health-library/mouth-care-for-cancer-patients

  Patients who are receiving cancer therapy often have changes in the mouth. This information can help you understand possible side effects of cancer treatment, including tips for mouth care that may help prevent or minimize these changes. […] Chemotherapy may also cause mouth sores (mucositis). These sores usually heal in one to two weeks; however, more serious ulcers may become infected with bacteria or yeast that are commonly found in the mouth. […] Radiation therapy is often used to treat individuals with cancer of the head and neck. It is delivered to the head and neck area to destroy cancer cells but unfortunately, some normal cells are injured as well. […] To prevent infection and tooth decay, it is very important to see your dentist early in your treatment and to continue good mouth cleaning daily.

• #98 Mouth Care for Cancer Patients | Dana-Farber Cancer Institute

  https://www.dana-farber.org/health-library/mouth-care-for-cancer-patients

  See your dentist so that (s)he may identify potential sources of dental infection or irritation. […] During treatment it is important to adhere strictly to your mouth care plan. […] Fluoride treatments are important during and after radiation treatments to the head and neck area. […] When therapy ends, you need to continue with good dental care in order to keep your teeth and gums healthy. Your salivary glands will be making less saliva and you will still be at risk for developing cavities and gum disease. […] Mouth dryness may continue after therapy. Salivary flow will gradually increase, but may not completely return to normal.

• #99 Mouth Care for Cancer Patients | Dana-Farber Cancer Institute

  https://www.dana-farber.org/health-library/mouth-care-for-cancer-patients

  See your dentist so that (s)he may identify potential sources of dental infection or irritation. […] During treatment it is important to adhere strictly to your mouth care plan. […] Fluoride treatments are important during and after radiation treatments to the head and neck area. […] When therapy ends, you need to continue with good dental care in order to keep your teeth and gums healthy. Your salivary glands will be making less saliva and you will still be at risk for developing cavities and gum disease. […] Mouth dryness may continue after therapy. Salivary flow will gradually increase, but may not completely return to normal.

• #100 Oral Cancer Causes, Symptoms, Diagnosis, Treatment | National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research

  https://www.nidcr.nih.gov/health-info/oral-cancer

  Oral cancer is treated with surgery and possibly radiation therapy or chemotherapy. Oral cancer that is further along when it is diagnosed may need a combination of treatments. […] Another treatment option is targeted therapy, which is a newer type of cancer treatment that uses drugs to precisely identify and attack cancer cells. Immunotherapy may also be a potential treatment; it can work with the body’s natural defenses to improve immune function. The choice of treatment depends on your general health, where in your mouth or throat the cancer began, the size and type of the tumor, and whether the cancer has spread. […] Your doctor may refer you to a specialist. Specialists who treat oral cancer include: Head and neck surgeons. Dentists who specialize in surgery of the mouth, face, and jaw (oral and maxillofacial surgeons). Ear, nose, and throat doctors (otolaryngologists). Doctors who specifically treat cancer (medical and radiation oncologists). […] Other health care professionals who may be part of a treatment team include dentists, plastic surgeons, reconstructive surgeons, speech pathologists, oncology nurses, registered dietitians, genetic counselors, and mental health counselors.

• #101 Tongue Cancer: Symptoms, Causes (Smoking, HPV) & Survival Rate

  https://www.cancercenter.com/cancer-types/oral-cancer/types/tongue-cancer

  If the patient has metastatic or recurrent cancer, the care team may propose participating in a clinical trial. These trials give the patient access to advanced new treatments and help researchers determine their safety and usefulness. […] The patient may experience side effects of treatment. Surgery carries the risk of infection and bleeding. Radiation therapy may cause inflammation, fibrosis, neuropathy, hypothyroidism and bone damage. Chemotherapy and immunotherapy both produce side effects that vary depending on the specific drugs used. Chemotherapy tends to target fast-growing cells and may damage hair follicles, cells lining the digestive tract and those in the bone marrow, resulting in hair loss, nausea and weakness. Immunotherapy’s side effects range from pain and itchiness to fever and chills to swelling, vomiting, blood pressure changes, heart palpitations, dizziness and severe allergic or inflammatory reactions.

• #102 Oral Cancer | Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center

  https://www.fredhutch.org/en/diseases/oral-cancer.html

  From accurate staging to the newest treatments, as a patient at Fred Hutch Cancer Center, you will receive state-of-the-art treatments from some of the worlds leading physicians. […] The primary method of treatment is surgery (removing the cancer cells). Radiation (using high-dose X-rays to kill cancer cells) and chemotherapy (using high-dose anti-cancer medication) are also used. […] At Fred Hutch, you receive care from a team of providers with extensive experience in your disease. […] Fred Hutch was formed, in part, to bring promising new treatments to patients faster. For the cancer patient, this means more treatment options at Fred Hutch than might be found elsewhere, including participation in one of the many clinical research studies conducted at Fred Hutch and UW Medicine. […] Many patients at Fred Hutch receive promising therapies by taking part in clinical trials. These research studies are done by physician-scientists from Fred Hutch and UW Medicine. They test new treatments or new ways to use current treatments. […] For some people, taking part in a clinical study may be the best treatment choice. Access to clinical studies by researchers at Fred Hutch and UW Medicine is one reason many patients come to us for care.

• #103 Medication for Oral Cancer | NYU Langone Health

  https://nyulangone.org/conditions/oral-cancer/treatments/medication-for-oral-cancer

  Cetuximab is associated with a short-term skin rash and itching. […] To lessen side effects, your doctor may adjust the dosage, prescribe another medication, or recommend integrative health therapies or support services. […] NYU Langone offers clinical trials in which new combinations of chemotherapy drugs and other medications are studied for the treatment of oral cancer in adults. For example, doctors are studying the use of immunotherapy—a treatment that helps to boost the bodys immune response to cancer—when the condition has spread. […] In addition, oral rinses are being studied to decrease mouth sores that result from chemoradiation treatment. Researchers are also studying the use of medical marijuana to manage pain caused by oral cancer. […] You and your doctor can discuss whether a clinical trial is right for you.

• #104 Latest advancements in treatment of oral cancer

  http://www.hcgoncology.com/blog/latest-advances-in-the-treatment-of-oral-cancers/

  Adjuvant therapies become important in oral cancer patients as they increase the chances of disease-free and metastasis-free survival. This approach involves administering oral cancer treatment without surgery. […] The purpose of adjuvant therapy is to ensure that there are no residual cancer cells left after oral cancer surgery. […] Laser treatment for mouth cancer is another reliable treatment option for both precancerous lesions and tumors in the mouth region. […] The key advantages of oral cancer laser treatment include precise cutting, reduced blood loss, reduced post-operative pain and swelling, and an overall faster recovery. […] During transoral robotic surgery, the surgeon uses a computer-enhanced system to guide the surgical tools to remove mouth and throat malignancies. […] The use of nanoplatforms is another significant technological advancement in the field of oral cancer management.

• #105 Can Oral Cancer be Cured Without Surgery?

  https://greenacresfamilydental.com/can-oral-cancer-be-cured-without-surgery/

  This treatment targets specific molecules involved in cancer growth and progression. Targeted therapy may be used for advanced or recurrent oral cancer that does not respond to traditional treatments. […] This approach harnesses the body’s immune system to fight cancer cells. Immunotherapy drugs help the immune system recognize and attack cancer cells. It may be used alone or in combination with other treatments. […] Recent research has focused on developing innovative therapies for oral cancer that minimize the need for surgery: […] PDT involves administering a photosensitizing agent that selectively accumulates in cancer cells. When exposed to light, the agent produces a form of oxygen that kills the cancer cells. PDT is minimally invasive and has shown promising results in treating early-stage oral cancer.

• #106 Cancer treatments on the horizon – Oral Cancer Foundation | Information and Resources about Oral Head and Neck Cancer

  https://oralcancerfoundation.org/facts/cancer-treatments-horizon/

  With around 200 different types of cancer affecting 4 out of 10 people at some point in their lives, finding an effective treatment for an individual’s particular cancer is no mean feat. […] Chemotherapy and radiotherapy are now widely known as treatments for some forms of the disease, but little is known about the other treatments on offer and even less about cancer treatments in development. […] There are many treatments currently available to treat different types of cancers. In summary, these include: […] Photodynamic therapy, see Current treatments above, uses light to activate light-sensitive drugs in the treatment of cancer and other diseases. […] Over the last 18 months, Smile-on has reported several scientific breakthroughs that are helping the fight against oral cancer. […] Medical Solutions plc’s Fairfield DNA Ploidy System is a system capable of predicting whether a patient with oral leukoplakia is at risk of developing oral cancer.

• #107 Can Oral Cancer be Cured Without Surgery?

  https://greenacresfamilydental.com/can-oral-cancer-be-cured-without-surgery/

  This treatment targets specific molecules involved in cancer growth and progression. Targeted therapy may be used for advanced or recurrent oral cancer that does not respond to traditional treatments. […] This approach harnesses the body’s immune system to fight cancer cells. Immunotherapy drugs help the immune system recognize and attack cancer cells. It may be used alone or in combination with other treatments. […] Recent research has focused on developing innovative therapies for oral cancer that minimize the need for surgery: […] PDT involves administering a photosensitizing agent that selectively accumulates in cancer cells. When exposed to light, the agent produces a form of oxygen that kills the cancer cells. PDT is minimally invasive and has shown promising results in treating early-stage oral cancer.

• #108 Can Oral Cancer be Cured Without Surgery?

  https://greenacresfamilydental.com/can-oral-cancer-be-cured-without-surgery/

  This treatment targets specific molecules involved in cancer growth and progression. Targeted therapy may be used for advanced or recurrent oral cancer that does not respond to traditional treatments. […] This approach harnesses the body’s immune system to fight cancer cells. Immunotherapy drugs help the immune system recognize and attack cancer cells. It may be used alone or in combination with other treatments. […] Recent research has focused on developing innovative therapies for oral cancer that minimize the need for surgery: […] PDT involves administering a photosensitizing agent that selectively accumulates in cancer cells. When exposed to light, the agent produces a form of oxygen that kills the cancer cells. PDT is minimally invasive and has shown promising results in treating early-stage oral cancer.

• #109 Can Oral Cancer be Cured Without Surgery?

  https://greenacresfamilydental.com/can-oral-cancer-be-cured-without-surgery/

  This treatment targets specific molecules involved in cancer growth and progression. Targeted therapy may be used for advanced or recurrent oral cancer that does not respond to traditional treatments. […] This approach harnesses the body’s immune system to fight cancer cells. Immunotherapy drugs help the immune system recognize and attack cancer cells. It may be used alone or in combination with other treatments. […] Recent research has focused on developing innovative therapies for oral cancer that minimize the need for surgery: […] PDT involves administering a photosensitizing agent that selectively accumulates in cancer cells. When exposed to light, the agent produces a form of oxygen that kills the cancer cells. PDT is minimally invasive and has shown promising results in treating early-stage oral cancer.

• #110 Clinical trial gets oral cancer survivor through 'mean’ cancer | MUSC Hollings Cancer Center

  https://hollingscancercenter.musc.edu/news/archive/2023/12/14/clinical-trial-gets-oral-cancer-survivor-through-mean-cancer

  Brittany Person started her career as a respiratory therapist after enrolling in a clinical trial to treat tongue cancer. […] The trial was a test of adding a new drug, BCA101, to the standard approved immunotherapy, pembrolizumab. […] Oral cavity cancers are generally treated with radiation after surgery to kill off any remaining cancerous or precancerous cells. […] The general consensus, though, is that this particular type of cancer, even if caught at an early stage, should be treated as rigorously as possible because of its aggressiveness. […] After her wedding, she began 30 cycles of radiation, followed by a surveillance period to see if the cancer would return. […] After the second surgery, she underwent 35 cycles of radiation therapy and seven cycles of chemotherapy. […] Kaczmar said he encouraged Person to try the study because it offered more hope than the standard treatment. […] Persons cancer responded to the new combination. […] Finally, because of the side effects, Kaczmar considered whether it was time for Person to stop the trial. […] Today, Person has no active cancer.

• #111 Clinical Trial Improves Man’s Quality of Life with Tongue Cancer | Newsroom

  https://news.unchealthcare.org/2023/07/clinical-trial-improves-mans-quality-of-life-with-tongue-cancer/

  Washington, N.C man with squamous cell carcinoma of the tongue experiences positive life-changing results after participating in an induction therapy clinical trial at the UNC School of Medicine. […] Bell knew that he would eventually need surgery to remove the cancer from his tongue. […] With a tumor of that size, you can imagine that a lot of his tongue would have to be excised to remove the tumor, and then, after that, people frequently get radiation or chemotherapy, and we take out lymph nodes in the neck. […] But Yarbrough had something else in mind. He knew of a clinical trial for induction therapy that was still accepting patients. Induction therapy is a short course of medicines, in this case two chemotherapy drugs given at low dose plus immunotherapy. […] The goal of the clinical trial, led by Jared Weiss, MD, an oncologist at the UNC Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, was to shrink the tumor down as much as possible prior to surgery, in the hopes that it would make the surgery more effective and less severe.

• #112 YOUR HEALTH: Revolutionizing tongue cancer treatment

  https://www.wafb.com/2024/08/01/your-health-revolutionizing-tongue-cancer-treatment/

  Now, a new treatment is helping patients return to normal after surviving a tongue cancer diagnosis. […] Standard treatment of tongue cancer involves surgery to remove the cancer, followed by chemo and radiation. […] Doctors at UNC Hospitals have completed two very successful trials. Its not yet standard treatment, but some patients choose to pursue this treatment outside of a clinical trial. […] For patient Tre Bell, induction therapy decreased the size of his tumor from a tangerine to a marble. […] And most patients did not need radiation after treatment, not only curing them, but improving their quality of life after surgery. […] Doctors hope a phase three clinical trial will help to change the standard of care for tongue cancers and also believe induction therapy will be used to treat other cancers as well.

• #113 Latest advancements in treatment of oral cancer

  http://www.hcgoncology.com/blog/latest-advances-in-the-treatment-of-oral-cancers/

  Adjuvant therapies become important in oral cancer patients as they increase the chances of disease-free and metastasis-free survival. This approach involves administering oral cancer treatment without surgery. […] The purpose of adjuvant therapy is to ensure that there are no residual cancer cells left after oral cancer surgery. […] Laser treatment for mouth cancer is another reliable treatment option for both precancerous lesions and tumors in the mouth region. […] The key advantages of oral cancer laser treatment include precise cutting, reduced blood loss, reduced post-operative pain and swelling, and an overall faster recovery. […] During transoral robotic surgery, the surgeon uses a computer-enhanced system to guide the surgical tools to remove mouth and throat malignancies. […] The use of nanoplatforms is another significant technological advancement in the field of oral cancer management.

• #114 Induction Therapy: Revolutionizing Tongue Cancer Treatment – Ivanhoe Broadcast News, Inc.

  https://www.ivanhoe.com/medical-breakthroughs/induction-therapy-revolutionizing-tongue-cancer-treatment/

  Induction therapy decreased the size of his tumor from a tangerine to a marble. […] Preserving the amount of tissue were able to preserve in him allowed him to speak, which I think is normally, and I think hes on a regular diet and lives a normal life, Dr. Yarborough adds. […] And most patients did not need radiation after treatment, not only curing them, but improving their quality of life after surgery. […] Doctors hope a phase three clinical trial will help to change the standard of care for tongue cancers and also believe induction therapy will be used to treat other cancers as well. […] A new clinical trial is on the market to treat tongue cancer. […] The goal of the clinical trial, led by Jared Weiss, MD, an oncologist at the UNC Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, was to shrink the tumor down as much as possible prior to surgery, in the hopes that it would make the surgery more effective and less severe. More importantly, it could reduce ones chances of needing radiation after the surgery, which could lead to debilitating side effects down the line, such as necrosis of the jaw, dental issues, dry mouth, speech and swallowing problems, and even aspiration when food enters the airway where it can get lodged.

• #115 Clinical Trial Improves Man’s Quality of Life with Tongue Cancer | Newsroom

  https://news.unchealthcare.org/2023/07/clinical-trial-improves-mans-quality-of-life-with-tongue-cancer/

  The trial is only six weeks of low dose weekly therapy, and, critically, its not leading to permanent harm to quality of life, said Weiss, who is a professor of medicine and the section Chief of Thoracic and Head/Neck Oncology in the Department of Medicine. […] After much deliberation and prayer, Bell decided that he would participate in the trial. He received low dose therapy of carboplatin, nano-albumin bound paclitaxel, and durvalumab over the course of six weeks. His response was remarkable. His tumor had shrunk from the 5 cm to 1.5 cm, or about the size of a peanut. […] Yarbrough and his surgical team performed a smaller surgery than they had originally anticipated because of the positive response. […] All in all, Bells response was so strong that he was able to circumvent radiation altogether.

• #116 Tongue Cancer – UChicago Medicine

  https://www.uchicagomedicine.org/cancer/types-treatments/head-neck-cancers/tongue-cancer

  When surgery is recommended, our experienced head and neck surgeons aim to only remove as much of the tongue as necessary to ensure they remove all the cancer. When beneficial, our expert reconstructive surgeons can reconstruct your tongue, to restore speech and swallowing function. […] Among the novel treatments available for tongue cancer are immunotherapies that help the body’s immune system attack cancer, and targeted drug therapies that block specific proteins that drive cancer growth. Advanced laboratory molecular testing of your tumor can sometimes help identify a targeted personalized therapy for your tumor. […] Clinical trials can offer access to emerging and promising cancer therapies and combinations specifically for patients with head and neck cancer. These treatments may be especially helpful in patients who cannot tolerate or don’t respond well to chemotherapy, as well as to treat cancers with specific genetic markers.

• #117 Tongue Cancer – UChicago Medicine

  https://www.uchicagomedicine.org/cancer/types-treatments/head-neck-cancers/tongue-cancer

  When surgery is recommended, our experienced head and neck surgeons aim to only remove as much of the tongue as necessary to ensure they remove all the cancer. When beneficial, our expert reconstructive surgeons can reconstruct your tongue, to restore speech and swallowing function. […] Among the novel treatments available for tongue cancer are immunotherapies that help the body’s immune system attack cancer, and targeted drug therapies that block specific proteins that drive cancer growth. Advanced laboratory molecular testing of your tumor can sometimes help identify a targeted personalized therapy for your tumor. […] Clinical trials can offer access to emerging and promising cancer therapies and combinations specifically for patients with head and neck cancer. These treatments may be especially helpful in patients who cannot tolerate or don’t respond well to chemotherapy, as well as to treat cancers with specific genetic markers.

• #118 Treatment For Tongue Cancer | Tongue cancer | Cancer Research UK

  https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/about-cancer/mouth-cancer/stages-types-grades/tongue-cancer/treatment

  You might have radiotherapy, chemotherapy or surgery to control symptoms of advanced cancer. […] You might have radiotherapy: on its own as your main treatment for cancer in the base of the tongue or after surgery, combined with chemotherapy (chemoradiotherapy) as your main treatment for a cancer in the base of the tongue or after surgery, to help relieve the symptoms of advanced tongue cancer. […] You might have chemotherapy combined with radiotherapy (chemoradiotherapy). The chemotherapy helps the radiotherapy work better. […] You might have cetuximab: with radiotherapy for locally advanced squamous cell mouth and oropharyngeal cancer, with platinum chemotherapy for squamous cell mouth cancer that has come back or has spread to other parts of the body. […] You might have pembrolizumab if you have squamous cell cancer and: you haven’t had any treatment for an advanced cancer, your cancer has come back and you can’t have surgery to remove the cancer, the cancer shows a type of protein called programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1).

• #119 Cancer treatments on the horizon – Oral Cancer Foundation | Information and Resources about Oral Head and Neck Cancer

  https://oralcancerfoundation.org/facts/cancer-treatments-horizon/

  With around 200 different types of cancer affecting 4 out of 10 people at some point in their lives, finding an effective treatment for an individual’s particular cancer is no mean feat. […] Chemotherapy and radiotherapy are now widely known as treatments for some forms of the disease, but little is known about the other treatments on offer and even less about cancer treatments in development. […] There are many treatments currently available to treat different types of cancers. In summary, these include: […] Photodynamic therapy, see Current treatments above, uses light to activate light-sensitive drugs in the treatment of cancer and other diseases. […] Over the last 18 months, Smile-on has reported several scientific breakthroughs that are helping the fight against oral cancer. […] Medical Solutions plc’s Fairfield DNA Ploidy System is a system capable of predicting whether a patient with oral leukoplakia is at risk of developing oral cancer.

• #120 Treating Oral (Mouth) and Oropharyngeal (Throat) Cancer | Mouth & Throat Cancer Treatment | American Cancer Society

  https://www.cancer.org/cancer/types/oral-cavity-and-oropharyngeal-cancer/treating.html

  When you choose a treatment plan, consider your overall health, the type and stage of the cancer, the chances of curing the disease, and the possible impact of the treatment on important functions like speech, chewing, and swallowing. […] Clinical trials are carefully controlled research studies that are done to get a closer look at promising new treatments or procedures. Clinical trials are one way to get state-of-the-art cancer treatment. […] Complementary methods are treatments that are used along with your regular medical care. Alternative treatments are used instead of standard medical treatment. […] Be sure to talk to your cancer care team about any method you are thinking about using. […] Whether you are thinking about treatment, getting treatment, or not being treated at all, you can still get supportive care to help with pain or other symptoms.

• #121 Treatment Options For Mouth And Oropharyngeal Cancer | Cancer Research UK

  https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/about-cancer/mouth-cancer/treatment/treatment-decisions

  There are different treatment options for mouth and oropharyngeal cancer. These include: surgery, radiotherapy, chemotherapy, chemotherapy with radiotherapy (chemoradiotherapy), targeted cancer drugs and immunotherapy. […] Your treatment depends on: where your cancer is in your mouth or oropharynx, how far it has grown or spread (the stage), the type of cancer, how abnormal the cells look under a microscope (the grade), your general health and level of fitness, the side effects of the treatment and how these will affect you, your preferences. […] You might have one type of treatment or a combination of treatments. Your doctor and nurse will talk to you about the treatment that is best for you. The main treatments are: surgery, radiotherapy, chemotherapy, chemotherapy with radiotherapy (chemoradiotherapy), targeted cancer drugs and immunotherapy.

• #122 Tongue cancer | Macmillan Cancer Support

  https://www.macmillan.org.uk/cancer-information-and-support/head-and-neck-cancer/tongue-cancer

  Tongue cancer is a rare type of head and neck cancer. […] Treatments for tongue cancer include surgery, radiotherapy and chemotherapy. Sometimes targeted therapies and immunotherapies may be used. […] Your treatment depends on the stage of the cancer and whether the front or back area of the tongue is affected. Treatment also depends on your general health. […] Early-stage tongue cancers are usually treated with surgery. […] Radiotherapy uses high-energy rays to destroy the cancer cells. It may also be used after surgery to reduce the chance of the cancer coming back. This is called adjuvant treatment. […] Chemotherapy uses anti-cancer (cytotoxic) drugs to destroy cancer cells. […] Chemoradiation is when you have chemotherapy and radiotherapy together. […] Targeted therapy drugs work by targeting something in or around the cancer cell that is helping it grow and survive. […] Immunotherapies are treatments that use the immune system to find and attack cancer cells. […] You may have some treatments as part of a clinical trial.

• #123 Latest advancements in treatment of oral cancer

  http://www.hcgoncology.com/blog/latest-advances-in-the-treatment-of-oral-cancers/

  Different advanced technologies used in oral cancer treatment include lasers, robotics, and nanoparticles. These technologies enhance the overall effectiveness of the treatment by making the treatment more precise and personalized. […] Today, oral cancer can be treated with advanced surgeries, non-invasive approaches, and organ reconstruction. These treatment solutions have made it possible for oral cancer patients to get better treatment results and return to their best state of health as early as possible.

• #124 Treatment For Tongue Cancer | Tongue cancer | Cancer Research UK

  https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/about-cancer/mouth-cancer/stages-types-grades/tongue-cancer/treatment

  Treatment to the tongue can cause problems with your speech, changes with eating and drinking, or swallowing. These could be permanent changes for some people. […] You will have a speech and language therapist as part of the team looking after you. They will help as much as possible to restore your speech.

• #125 Mouth Cancer – UChicago Medicine

  https://www.uchicagomedicine.org/cancer/types-treatments/head-neck-cancers/mouth-cancer

  We began giving patients chemotherapy and radiation therapy first, prior to any surgery. […] Our highly experienced medical oncologists and radiation oncologists know how to reduce side effects as much as possible during treatment, by using effective drugs and pinpointing the amount of radiation truly needed to treat the cancer (and no more). […] At UChicago Medicine, our speech pathologists, nutritionists and other rehabilitation team members get involved in your care from the very beginning. […] If you smoke, it is important that you stop smoking during and after treatment for mouth cancer. […] The head and neck cancer team at UChicago Medicine offered him a different approach, one that saved his tongue and his life. […] We have brilliant surgeons. But it is not what we want to do first. And so what we already had experience with at the time was to start out with chemotherapy to try and tame this tumor–to take the inflammation down, to take the size down–and then go in with chemotherapy and radiation.

• #126 Oral Cavity (Mouth) Cancer Treatment Options, by Stage | American Cancer Society

  https://www.cancer.org/cancer/types/oral-cavity-and-oropharyngeal-cancer/treating/by-stage.html

  Treatment for oral cavity cancer is based largely on the stage (extent) of the cancer, but other factors can also be important. […] Most experts agree that treatment in a clinical trial should be considered for any cancer in the head and neck area. This way, people might have the chance of getting new treatments that may be better than standard ones. […] The usual treatment is surgery (usually Mohs surgery, surgical stripping, or thin resection) to remove the top layers of tissue along with a small margin (edge) of normal tissue. Follow-up is important to watch for any signs that the cancer has come back. Carcinoma in situ that keeps coming back after surgery may also need to be treated with radiation therapy. […] Most patients with stage I or II oral cavity cancers do well when treated with surgery and/or radiation therapy. Chemotherapy (chemo) given along with radiation (called chemoradiation) is another option. Both surgery and radiation work equally well in treating these cancers.

• #127 Treating Oral (Mouth) and Oropharyngeal (Throat) Cancer | Mouth & Throat Cancer Treatment | American Cancer Society

  https://www.cancer.org/cancer/types/oral-cavity-and-oropharyngeal-cancer/treating.html

  For some people, when treatments have been tried and are no longer controlling the cancer, it could be time to weigh the benefits and risks of continuing to try new treatments. […] Remember that even if you choose not to treat the cancer, you can still get supportive care to help with pain or other symptoms. […] Hospice care is designed to provide the best possible quality of life for people who are near the end of life.

• #128 Tongue cancer: causes and treatment | CURAPROX

  https://curaprox.us/blog/post/what-to-do-with-tongue-cancer?srsltid=AfmBOooRNKSnfzthXTZoTd3t5TE67b7ki8sNVNA-j56umYz7npLZZtmj

  If large parts of the tongue are removed during surgery and this could impair speech, chewing or swallowing function, the surgeons reconstruct the tongue to restore its original shape. […] The aim of treatment is therefore not only to remove the tumour, but also to maintain or restore tongue function. […] The treatment is followed by a stay in a rehabilitation clinic and regular follow-up checks in order to detect a possible recurrence – a new formation of the tumour – at an early stage.

• #129 Treatment – Oral Cancer Foundation | Information and Resources about Oral Head and Neck Cancer

  https://oralcancerfoundation.org/cdc/treatment/

  A. State of the Science Multidisciplinary Tumor Board Concept […] Patients with head and neck cancer should be evaluated before initiation of therapy by representatives of each discipline responsible for administering cancer care. […] After examination of the patient, the board should reconvene to discuss therapeutic alternatives and to formulate a recommendation for treatment based on expected outcome (function, cosmesis, impact of treatment on lifestyle and career) and the expertise available at the treating institution. […] If no curative option exists, the board may recommend treatment with palliative intent. […] Patients are routinely advised to discontinue use of all tobacco products and alcohol. […] Treatment Selection for the Primary Site: General Principles […] Surgery or radiotherapy is curative for most early carcinomas of the oral cavity and oropharynx; cure rates for the two modalities are similar. […] More advanced lesions typically require combined radiotherapy and surgery to obtain optimal cure rates. […] Postoperative radiotherapy is also used when the primary surgical specimen is found to have vascular or perineural invasion or close surgical margins.

• #130 Mouth Cancer – UChicago Medicine

  https://www.uchicagomedicine.org/cancer/types-treatments/head-neck-cancers/mouth-cancer

  We began giving patients chemotherapy and radiation therapy first, prior to any surgery. […] Our highly experienced medical oncologists and radiation oncologists know how to reduce side effects as much as possible during treatment, by using effective drugs and pinpointing the amount of radiation truly needed to treat the cancer (and no more). […] At UChicago Medicine, our speech pathologists, nutritionists and other rehabilitation team members get involved in your care from the very beginning. […] If you smoke, it is important that you stop smoking during and after treatment for mouth cancer. […] The head and neck cancer team at UChicago Medicine offered him a different approach, one that saved his tongue and his life. […] We have brilliant surgeons. But it is not what we want to do first. And so what we already had experience with at the time was to start out with chemotherapy to try and tame this tumor–to take the inflammation down, to take the size down–and then go in with chemotherapy and radiation.

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