Płaskonabłonkowy rak skóry
Charakterystyka, pielęgnacja i opieka

Płaskonabłonkowy rak skóry (SCC) stanowi 15-20% wszystkich nowotworów skóry, z roczną zachorowalnością około 1,8 miliona przypadków globalnie. Nowotwór rozwija się z komórek nabłonka płaskiego naskórka, najczęściej w obszarach eksponowanych na promieniowanie UV, takich jak skóra głowy, uszy czy szyja. Diagnostyka opiera się na biopsji skóry (punch, shave lub excisional biopsy) oraz ocenie ryzyka nawrotu i rozprzestrzeniania się choroby. Kluczowe jest wczesne rozpoznanie zmian, które mogą manifestować się jako twarde guzki, łuszczące się rany lub brodawkowate narośla. Czynniki ryzyka obejmują ekspozycję na UV, jasną karnację, wiek powyżej 50 lat, immunosupresję oraz historię wcześniejszych nowotworów skóry. Profilaktyka opiera się na ochronie przeciwsłonecznej (SPF ≥30), unikaniu solariów, regularnym samobadaniu skóry oraz kontrolach dermatologicznych, szczególnie u osób z grup ryzyka. Witamina B3 (nikotynamid 1000 mg/dobę) wykazuje redukcję ryzyka nawrotów o 23%.

Wprowadzenie do płaskonabłonkowego raka skóry

Płaskonabłonkowy rak skóry (SCC – Squamous Cell Carcinoma) jest drugim najczęstszym typem nowotworu skóry, stanowiącym około 15-20% wszystkich nowotworów skóry diagnozowanych rocznie. Nowotwór ten rozwija się z komórek nabłonka płaskiego, tworzących środkową i zewnętrzną warstwę skóry (naskórek).12 SCC charakteryzuje się nieprawidłowym, przyspieszonym rozrostem komórek płaskonabłonkowych, które mogą tworzyć zmiany nowotworowe w miejscach szczególnie narażonych na działanie promieniowania UV, choć zmiany mogą pojawić się również w innych lokalizacjach.3

Szacuje się, że rocznie diagnozuje się około 1,8 miliona przypadków płaskonabłonkowego raka skóry na świecie, co przekłada się na około 205 przypadków diagnozowanych każdej godziny. Niepokojący jest fakt, że częstość występowania SCC wzrosła o około 200% w ciągu ostatnich trzech dekad.4 Wzrost zachorowalności stanowi istotny problem zdrowia publicznego i wymaga wdrożenia odpowiednich strategii prewencyjnych oraz diagnostycznych.5

SCC najczęściej występuje na skórze eksponowanej na słońce, takiej jak skóra głowy, uszy, usta, szyja, tył rąk, ale może rozwinąć się także w innych miejscach, w tym wewnątrz jamy ustnej, na podeszwach stóp czy w okolicy narządów płciowych.6 Większość przypadków płaskonabłonkowego raka skóry jest łatwa do wyleczenia, jeśli zostanie wykryta i leczona we wczesnym stadium. Jednak nieleczone zmiany mogą powiększać się, naciekać głębsze warstwy skóry i w rzadkich przypadkach przerzutować do węzłów chłonnych lub innych narządów.78

Objawy i diagnostyka płaskonabłonkowego raka skóry

Wczesne rozpoznanie objawów płaskonabłonkowego raka skóry jest kluczowe dla skutecznego leczenia. Typowe objawy SCC obejmują:910

  • Twardy guzek na skórze (grudka), który może mieć kolor zbliżony do skóry lub różnić się kolorystycznie (różowy, czerwony, czarny lub brązowy, w zależności od koloru skóry)
  • Płaską ranę z łuszczącym się strupem
  • Nową ranę lub wyniosłość na starej bliźnie lub ranie
  • Szorstką, łuszczącą się plamę na wardze, która może zmienić się w otwartą ranę
  • Ranę lub szorstką plamę wewnątrz jamy ustnej
  • Wyniosłą plamę lub brodawkowatą zmianę w okolicy odbytu lub na narządach płciowych
  • Otwartą ranę, która może mieć uniesione brzegi
  • Brązową plamę przypominającą plamy starcze
  • Narośl przypominającą róg
  • Twardą, kopulastą narośl

Diagnostyka płaskonabłonkowego raka skóry wymaga specjalistycznego podejścia. Podstawowym narzędziem diagnostycznym jest biopsja skóry, która jest niezbędna do potwierdzenia diagnozy.11 Istnieje kilka zalecanych technik biopsji dla podejrzenia SCC:12

  • Biopsja sztancowa (punch biopsy) – pobranie cylindrycznego fragmentu skóry za pomocą specjalnego narzędzia
  • Biopsja ścinająca (shave biopsy) – usunięcie powierzchownej warstwy zmiany skórnej
  • Biopsja wycinająca (excisional biopsy) – całkowite usunięcie podejrzanej zmiany wraz z marginesem zdrowej skóry

Po potwierdzeniu diagnozy, ważna jest ocena zasięgu choroby oraz klasyfikacja do odpowiedniej grupy ryzyka, co ma kluczowe znaczenie dla ustalenia optymalnego planu leczenia.13 Istotne jest również przeprowadzenie dokładnego badania całego ciała, nie tylko zmienionych obszarów, w celu wykrycia potencjalnych dodatkowych zmian.14

Ważne jest, aby zgłosić się do lekarza w przypadku zauważenia rany lub strupu, które nie goją się w ciągu około dwóch miesięcy lub płaskiej, łuszczącej się zmiany skórnej, która nie ustępuje.15

Czynniki ryzyka rozwoju płaskonabłonkowego raka skóry

Identyfikacja czynników ryzyka ma istotne znaczenie w diagnostyce i prewencji płaskonabłonkowego raka skóry. Główne czynniki ryzyka obejmują:1617

  • Ekspozycja na promieniowanie UV – nadmierna ekspozycja na promieniowanie ultrafioletowe, zarówno ze światła słonecznego, jak i z łóżek opalających, jest główną przyczyną rozwoju SCC. Kumulatywna ekspozycja na słońce przez długi czas, szczególnie w życiu dorosłym, zwiększa ryzyko rozwoju tego nowotworu
  • Jasna karnacja skóry – osoby o jasnej skórze, które łatwo ulegają oparzeniom słonecznym, mają wyższe ryzyko rozwoju SCC
  • Czerwone lub jasne włosy – osoby o tym kolorze włosów są bardziej podatne na rozwój SCC
  • Wiek – SCC najczęściej występuje u osób powyżej 50. roku życia
  • Wcześniejsze występowanie raka skóry – osoby, które wcześniej miały raka skóry (SCC lub BCC), mają zwiększone ryzyko rozwoju kolejnych nowotworów skóry. Do 60% osób z jednym z tych raków rozwija kolejny w ciągu następnych trzech lat
  • Osłabiony układ odpornościowy – osoby po przeszczepieniu narządów, z HIV/AIDS lub przyjmujące leki immunosupresyjne mają wyższe ryzyko rozwoju SCC
  • Historię ciężkich oparzeń słonecznych – szczególnie te, które wystąpiły w młodym wieku
  • Narażenie na substancje chemiczne – ekspozycja na arsenik, węglowodory aromatyczne i inne substancje rakotwórcze
  • Przewlekłe stany zapalne skóry – np. w miejscach starych blizn, owrzodzeń lub przewlekłych ran

Zrozumienie tych czynników ryzyka jest kluczowe dla wdrożenia odpowiednich strategii profilaktycznych oraz dla identyfikacji osób, które wymagają częstszych badań przesiewowych.18

Profilaktyka płaskonabłonkowego raka skóry

Profilaktyka płaskonabłonkowego raka skóry odgrywa kluczową rolę w zmniejszeniu ryzyka rozwoju tego nowotworu. Najważniejsze działania profilaktyczne obejmują:1920

  • Ochrona przed promieniowaniem UV – unikanie bezpośredniej ekspozycji na słońce, szczególnie w godzinach 10:00-15:00, kiedy promienie słoneczne są najsilniejsze
  • Stosowanie kremów z filtrem przeciwsłonecznym – codzienne używanie kremów z SPF 30 lub wyższym, nawet zimą i w pochmurne dni
  • Noszenie odzieży ochronnej – kapelusze z szerokim rondem, ubrania z długimi rękawami, okulary przeciwsłoneczne z filtrem UV
  • Unikanie solariów – solaria emitują szkodliwe promieniowanie UV, które znacząco zwiększa ryzyko rozwoju raka skóry
  • Regularne samobadanie skóry – comiesięczne sprawdzanie skóry pod kątem nowych zmian lub zmian w istniejących znamionach
  • Regularne badania dermatologiczne – dla osób z grupy ryzyka zaleca się regularne badania skóry u dermatologa, co najmniej raz w roku

Badania wykazały, że codzienne stosowanie filtra przeciwsłonecznego znacząco zmniejsza ryzyko rozwoju płaskonabłonkowego raka skóry u osób, które już wcześniej miały ten typ nowotworu.21 Witamina B3 (przyjmowana w postaci nikotynamidu 1000 mg dziennie) zmniejsza ryzyko rozwoju przyszłych raków płaskonabłonkowych i podstawnokomórkowych o 23%.22

Ponadto, leczenie obszarów rogowacenia słonecznego (actinic keratosis) i choroby Bowena może zmniejszyć ryzyko rozwoju SCC.23 Skuteczna profilaktyka wymaga systematycznego podejścia i włączenia zdrowych nawyków w codzienną rutynę.24

Samobadanie skóry i regularne kontrole

Regularne samobadanie skóry odgrywa kluczową rolę we wczesnym wykrywaniu zmian nowotworowych. Po diagnozie SCC, jeszcze ważniejsze staje się systematyczne monitorowanie skóry pod kątem nawrotów lub nowych zmian.25

Zalecenia dotyczące samobadania i kontroli lekarskich obejmują:2627

  • Regularne wykonywanie samobadania skóry, zgodnie z zaleceniami dermatologa
  • Zwracanie szczególnej uwagi na zmiany w istniejących znamionach lub pojawienie się nowych zmian
  • Przestrzeganie harmonogramu wizyt kontrolnych u dermatologa
  • Coroczne badanie całego ciała przez specjalistę, ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem osób z grupy zwiększonego ryzyka
  • Badanie węzłów chłonnych pod kątem oznak rozprzestrzeniania się nowotworu

Po zakończeniu leczenia SCC, pacjent powinien być regularnie monitorowany przez lekarza. Osoby z SCC o niskim ryzyku nawrotu mogą nie wymagać specjalistycznego nadzoru, natomiast w przypadku SCC o wysokim ryzyku zaleca się regularne kontrole przez 1-2 lata u specjalisty lub jego zespołu.28

Wczesne wykrycie zmian nowotworowych znacząco zwiększa szanse na skuteczne leczenie i minimalizuje ryzyko poważnych komplikacji.29

Metody leczenia płaskonabłonkowego raka skóry

Leczenie płaskonabłonkowego raka skóry zależy od wielu czynników, w tym od wielkości i lokalizacji guza, stopnia zaawansowania, tempa wzrostu oraz ogólnego stanu zdrowia pacjenta.30 Istnieje kilka głównych metod leczenia SCC:

Metody chirurgiczne

Leczenie chirurgiczne jest najczęściej stosowaną metodą usuwania płaskonabłonkowego raka skóry. Do głównych technik chirurgicznych należą:3132

  • Chirurgia wycięcia (Excisional surgery) – standardowa procedura usunięcia nowotworu wraz z marginesem zdrowej skóry. Jest to najczęstsza metoda leczenia małych, wczesnych SCC, które nie rozprzestrzeniły się. Skuteczność leczenia wynosi około 90%.33
  • Chirurgia mikrograficzna Mohsa (Mohs surgery) – precyzyjna technika chirurgiczna polegająca na warstwowym usuwaniu tkanki nowotworowej z jednoczesnym badaniem histopatologicznym każdej usuniętej warstwy. Metoda ta jest szczególnie zalecana przy SCC o wysokim ryzyku nawrotu, w miejscach wrażliwych (np. twarz, uszy, nos) oraz w przypadku nowotworów nawracających. Chirurgia Mohsa ma najwyższy wskaźnik wyleczenia (do 97% dla guzów leczonych po raz pierwszy).3435
  • Łyżeczkowanie i elektrodesykacja (Curettage and electrodesiccation) – procedura polegająca na zeskrobaniu tkanki nowotworowej łyżeczką chirurgiczną (curette), a następnie elektrokoagulacji (przyżeganiu) łoża rany prądem elektrycznym. Metoda ta jest skuteczna dla małych, powierzchownych SCC o niskim ryzyku nawrotu, w tym SCC in situ.36

W przypadku usunięcia dużego obszaru skóry, może być konieczne wykonanie przeszczepu skóry lub płata skórnego w celu naprawy powstałego ubytku.37

Metody niechirurgiczne

Jeśli leczenie chirurgiczne nie jest możliwe lub preferowane, dostępne są inne metody leczenia, szczególnie dla guzów o niskim ryzyku:3839

  • Krioterapia (Cryosurgery) – metoda polegająca na zamrażaniu tkanki nowotworowej ciekłym azotem, co prowadzi do jej zniszczenia. Jest to skuteczna metoda leczenia małych, powierzchownych SCC, szczególnie u pacjentów z zaburzeniami krzepnięcia, wszczepionymi urządzeniami kardiologicznymi lub problemami z tolerancją znieczulenia.40
  • Radioterapia – wykorzystanie wysokoenergetycznego promieniowania do niszczenia komórek nowotworowych. Jest to opcja dla pacjentów, którzy nie mogą poddać się leczeniu chirurgicznemu, lub gdy guz znajduje się w miejscu trudnym do operacji (np. powieki, uszy, nos).41
  • Terapia fotodynamiczna (PDT) – metoda leczenia wykorzystująca substancję fotouczulającą i światło do niszczenia komórek nowotworowych. Jest stosowana głównie przy powierzchownych SCC, szczególnie na twarzy i skórze głowy.42
  • Leki miejscowe – kremy zawierające substancje aktywne (np. 5-fluorouracyl, imikwimod) stosowane do leczenia bardzo powierzchownych form SCC, takich jak choroba Bowena (SCC in situ). Choć te leki nie są jeszcze zatwierdzone przez FDA do leczenia SCC, są czasami stosowane przy powierzchownych guzach.43
  • Chemioterapia systemowa – rzadko stosowana w SCC, ale może być opcją w zaawansowanych przypadkach, gdy nowotwór rozprzestrzenił się do węzłów chłonnych lub innych organów.44

Leczenie zaawansowanego SCC

W przypadku zaawansowanego SCC, który rozprzestrzenił się poza skórę lub nie reaguje na standardowe leczenie, mogą być stosowane następujące metody:4546

  • Usunięcie regionalnych węzłów chłonnych – może być zalecane dla SCC, które są bardzo duże lub głęboko wrosły w skórę, a także gdy węzły chłonne są powiększone i/lub twarde
  • Immunoterapia – leki, które wzmacniają odpowiedź immunologiczną organizmu przeciwko komórkom nowotworowym. Do stosowanych leków immunoterapeutycznych w leczeniu zaawansowanego SCC należą: cemiplimab (Libtayo), pembrolizumab (Keytruda) i cosibelimab (Unloxcyt)
  • Terapia celowana – leki, które działają na konkretne molekuły (np. białka) na lub wewnątrz komórek nowotworowych, aby zatrzymać wzrost i rozprzestrzenianie się komórek nowotworowych. Do leków stosowanych w terapii celowanej SCC należy cetuksymab (Erbitux)

Najlepszy plan leczenia jest ustalany indywidualnie dla każdego pacjenta przez zespół specjalistów, uwzględniając specyfikę nowotworu, ogólny stan zdrowia pacjenta oraz jego preferencje.47

Opieka pielęgniarska nad pacjentem z płaskonabłonkowym rakiem skóry

Kompleksowa opieka pielęgniarska nad pacjentem z płaskonabłonkowym rakiem skóry obejmuje szereg działań mających na celu wsparcie procesu diagnostycznego, leczniczego oraz rehabilitacyjnego. Główne aspekty opieki pielęgniarskiej to:48

Diagnoza pielęgniarska i planowanie opieki

Podstawowe diagnozy pielęgniarskie u pacjenta z SCC mogą obejmować:49

  • Zaburzona integralność skóry związana ze zmianami skórnymi wynikającymi z procesu nowotworowego
  • Ryzyko infekcji związane z uszkodzeniem barierowej funkcji skóry
  • Lęk i niepokój związane z diagnozą nowotworową i procesem leczenia
  • Deficyt wiedzy dotyczący choroby, leczenia i profilaktyki

Oczekiwane efekty opieki pielęgniarskiej powinny obejmować:50

  • Pacjent będzie identyfikować interwencje odpowiednie dla swojego stanu
  • Pacjent będzie uczestniczyć w technikach zapobiegających powikłaniom i wspierających proces gojenia

Działania pielęgniarskie przed, w trakcie i po leczeniu

Przed leczeniem:51

  • Dokładna ocena stanu skóry pacjenta i identyfikacja zmian charakterystycznych dla SCC
  • Edukacja pacjenta odnośnie planowanego leczenia, możliwych powikłań i konieczności przestrzegania zaleceń
  • Przygotowanie psychiczne pacjenta do zabiegu
  • Współpraca z lekarzem w zakresie diagnozy i planowania leczenia

W trakcie leczenia:52

  • Asystowanie podczas zabiegów diagnostycznych i terapeutycznych
  • Monitorowanie stanu pacjenta podczas procedur
  • Zapewnienie komfortu i bezpieczeństwa pacjenta
  • Dokumentowanie procesu leczenia

Po leczeniu:53

  • Pielęgnacja rany pooperacyjnej – utrzymanie czystości, zapobieganie infekcjom
  • Monitorowanie procesu gojenia
  • Uśmierzanie bólu i dyskomfortu
  • Edukacja pacjenta w zakresie pielęgnacji rany w domu
  • Wsparcie psychiczne

Edukacja pacjenta i profilaktyka wtórna

Kluczowym elementem opieki pielęgniarskiej jest edukacja pacjenta w zakresie:5455

  • Ochrony przed promieniowaniem UV – stosowanie kremów z filtrem, noszenie odzieży ochronnej, unikanie ekspozycji na słońce w godzinach największego nasłonecznienia
  • Samobadania skóry – nauka technik samobadania, rozpoznawania niepokojących zmian, częstotliwość badań
  • Pielęgnacji skóry – odpowiednie nawilżanie, unikanie drażniących substancji, łagodne oczyszczanie
  • Zdrowego stylu życia – zbilansowana dieta, regularna aktywność fizyczna, unikanie używek
  • Regularnych kontroli lekarskich – przestrzeganie harmonogramu wizyt kontrolnych

Po zakończeniu leczenia SCC, pacjent powinien być świadomy zwiększonego ryzyka rozwoju kolejnych nowotworów skóry i konieczności wdrożenia odpowiednich działań profilaktycznych.56

Wsparcie psychologiczne i społeczne

Diagnoza i leczenie raka skóry mogą wiązać się ze znacznym stresem psychologicznym dla pacjenta. Zadaniem personelu pielęgniarskiego jest:57

  • Zapewnienie wsparcia emocjonalnego w radzeniu sobie z diagnozą
  • Pomoc w akceptacji zmian w wyglądzie, które mogą powstać po leczeniu
  • Informowanie o dostępnych grupach wsparcia dla pacjentów z rakiem skóry
  • Współpraca z psychologiem w przypadku poważnych zaburzeń emocjonalnych
  • Wspieranie rodziny pacjenta i edukacja w zakresie opieki nad chorym

Dzielenie się z innymi, którzy mają podobne doświadczenia i problemy, może pomóc pacjentowi w lepszym radzeniu sobie z chorobą.58

Postępowanie w przypadku nawrotów i powikłań

Pomimo skutecznego leczenia, istnieje ryzyko nawrotu płaskonabłonkowego raka skóry. Dlatego ważne jest wdrożenie odpowiedniego protokołu postępowania w przypadku nawrotów i potencjalnych powikłań.59

Monitorowanie i wczesne wykrywanie nawrotów

Regularne monitorowanie stanu skóry po leczeniu SCC jest kluczowe dla wczesnego wykrycia potencjalnych nawrotów. Pacjent powinien być poinstruowany o konieczności:60

  • Regularnego samobadania skóry, ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem miejsca wcześniejszego leczenia
  • Natychmiastowego zgłaszania się do lekarza w przypadku zauważenia niepokojących zmian
  • Przestrzegania harmonogramu wizyt kontrolnych

Personel medyczny powinien przeprowadzać dokładne badanie skóry i węzłów chłonnych podczas każdej wizyty kontrolnej, aby wykryć potencjalne oznaki nawrotu choroby.61

Leczenie nawrotów

Opcje leczenia nawrotów SCC zależą od wielu czynników, w tym lokalizacji nawrotu, poprzedniego leczenia i ogólnego stanu pacjenta:62

  • Chirurgia Mohsa – często preferowana metoda w przypadku nawrotów, ze względu na wysoką skuteczność i oszczędzanie zdrowej tkanki
  • Radioterapia – może być stosowana jako leczenie uzupełniające po chirurgicznym usunięciu nawracającego SCC
  • Leczenie systemowe – w przypadku przerzutów do węzłów chłonnych lub innych części ciała, mogą być zastosowane immunoterapia lub chemioterapia

Ważne jest, aby plan leczenia nawrotu był ustalany indywidualnie, z uwzględnieniem charakterystyki guza i preferencji pacjenta.63

Powikłania leczenia i ich zarządzanie

Leczenie SCC może wiązać się z różnymi powikłaniami, które wymagają odpowiedniego zarządzania:64

  • Powikłania pooperacyjne – infekcje, krwawienia, tworzenie się blizn, zaburzenia funkcji w miejscu operacji
  • Powikłania po radioterapiizapalenie skóry, ból, obrzęk, zmiana pigmentacji skóry
  • Powikłania po leczeniu miejscowym – podrażnienie skóry, ból, świąd

W przypadku wystąpienia powikłań, należy:65

  • Natychmiast zgłosić się do lekarza w przypadku oznak infekcji (zwiększony ból, obrzęk, zaczerwienienie wokół rany, wysięk ropny)
  • Stosować zalecone leki przeciwbólowe i przeciwzapalne
  • Przestrzegać zaleceń dotyczących pielęgnacji rany
  • Chronić skórę przed promieniowaniem UV, które może pogorszyć powikłania

Odpowiednie zarządzanie powikłaniami i wczesne reagowanie na niepokojące objawy są kluczowe dla pomyślnego procesu gojenia i minimalizacji długoterminowych skutków leczenia.66

Opieka paliatywna w zaawansowanym płaskonabłonkowym raku skóry

W przypadku zaawansowanego, nieuleczalnego płaskonabłonkowego raka skóry, opieka paliatywna odgrywa istotną rolę w poprawie jakości życia pacjenta. Celem opieki paliatywnej nie jest leczenie nowotworu, ale łagodzenie objawów i stresu związanego z chorobą.67

Główne aspekty opieki paliatywnej w SCC obejmują:68

  • Kontrola bólu – stosowanie odpowiednich leków przeciwbólowych, technik niefarmakologicznych łagodzenia bólu
  • Zarządzanie ranami nowotworowymi – odpowiednie opatrunki, kontrola infekcji, eliminacja nieprzyjemnego zapachu
  • Kontrola objawów psychofizycznych – łagodzenie nudności, wymiotów, duszności, niepokoju
  • Wsparcie psychologiczne – pomoc w radzeniu sobie z diagnozą zaawansowanej choroby
  • Wsparcie rodziny – edukacja w zakresie opieki nad chorym, wsparcie emocjonalne

W przypadku ran nowotworowych, które często towarzyszą zaawansowanemu SCC, zaleca się stosowanie opatrunków absorbcyjnych z właściwościami przeciwdrobnoustrojowymi, które zapobiegają wtórnym infekcjom, zarządzają wysiękiem i zapobiegają dalszej maceracji skóry w miejscu rany.69

Opieka paliatywna powinna być zintegrowana z ogólnym planem opieki nad pacjentem z zaawansowanym SCC, aby zapewnić optymalne zarządzanie objawami i maksymalną jakość życia.70

Znaczenie interdyscyplinarnej opieki w leczeniu płaskonabłonkowego raka skóry

Skuteczne leczenie płaskonabłonkowego raka skóry wymaga interdyscyplinarnego podejścia, angażującego specjalistów z różnych dziedzin medycyny. Taka współpraca zapewnia kompleksową opiekę nad pacjentem, uwzględniającą wszystkie aspekty choroby.7172

Kluczowi członkowie zespołu interdyscyplinarnego w opiece nad pacjentem z SCC to:73

  • Dermatolog – specjalista w diagnostyce i leczeniu chorób skóry, odpowiedzialny za wstępną diagnozę, biopsję i planowanie leczenia
  • Chirurg – przeprowadza zabiegi usunięcia zmian nowotworowych, w tym chirurgię Mohsa
  • Onkolog – zarządza leczeniem systemowym w przypadku zaawansowanego SCC
  • Radioterapeuta – odpowiedzialny za leczenie z wykorzystaniem promieniowania jonizującego
  • Pielęgniarka – zapewnia codzienną opiekę, edukację pacjenta, monitoruje stan zdrowia
  • Psycholog/psychiatra – wspiera pacjenta w radzeniu sobie z emocjonalnymi aspektami choroby
  • Dietetyk – pomaga w utrzymaniu odpowiedniego stanu odżywienia podczas leczenia

Współpraca między specjalistami jest szczególnie istotna w przypadku pacjentów z wysokim ryzykiem nawrotu lub przerzutów, gdzie konieczne jest uzgodnienie optymalnego planu leczenia, uwzględniającego zarówno skuteczność terapii, jak i jakość życia pacjenta.74

Płaskonabłonkowy rak skóry, choć najczęściej nie zagraża życiu, wymaga profesjonalnego podejścia i współpracy różnych specjalistów, aby zapewnić najlepsze możliwe wyniki leczenia i jakość życia pacjenta.75

Kolejne rozdziały

Zapraszamy do dalszego czytania naszego leksykonu.

Wybierz kolejny rozdział z menu poniżej, aby otworzyć nową podstronę kompedium wiedzy i uzyskać szczegółowe informację o leku, substancji lub chorobie.

  1. 11.04.2026
  2. www.leksykon.com.pl

Materiały źródłowe

  • #1 Squamous cell carcinoma of the skin – Symptoms and causes – Mayo Clinic
    https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/squamous-cell-carcinoma/symptoms-causes/syc-20352480
    Squamous cell carcinoma of the skin is a type of cancer that starts as a growth of cells on the skin. It starts in cells called squamous cells. The squamous cells make up the middle and outer layers of the skin. Squamous cell carcinoma is a common type of skin cancer. […] Squamous cell carcinoma of the skin is usually not life-threatening. But if it’s not treated, squamous cell carcinoma of the skin can grow large or spread to other parts of the body. The growth of the cancer can cause serious complications. […] Most squamous cell carcinomas of the skin are caused by too much ultraviolet (UV) radiation. UV radiation comes either from sunlight or from tanning beds or lamps. Protecting your skin from UV light can help reduce the risk of squamous cell carcinoma of the skin and other forms of skin cancer.
  • #2 Squamous Cell Carcinoma | Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center
    https://www.mskcc.org/cancer-care/types/squamous-cell-carcinoma
    MSKs squamous cell carcinoma experts, including Mohs surgeon Erica Lee, are focused on your needs and concerns when planning care. […] Squamous cell carcinoma is the second most common form of skin cancer in the United States. It accounts for about 15 percent of all skin cancers. The majority of squamous cell skin cancers are easily and successfully treated with current therapies. […] At Memorial Sloan Kettering, our doctors can successfully diagnose and treat squamous cell skin cancer. We use surgery, radiation therapy, and other approaches to treat this highly curable cancer.
  • #3 Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf
    https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK441939/
    Squamous cell carcinoma is the second most common skin malignancy in the United States, and its incidence steadily rises each year, posing a significant public health concern. […] Timely surveillance, early diagnosis, and prompt treatment are critical to minimize morbidity and mortality risks. […] Regular skin examinations and frequent follow-ups are recommended by healthcare providers, particularly for high-risk patients, to facilitate early detection and treatment, highlighting the importance of collaborative care for optimal management. […] This activity emphasizes the critical role of photoprotection in reducing the risk of developing cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma due to its strong association with UV radiation. Therefore, this activity underscores the importance of interprofessional collaboration among healthcare providers in counseling patients on preventive measures, such as practicing photoprotection through sun avoidance, using SPF 30 sunscreen, and wearing protective clothing and sunglasses.
  • #4 Squamous Cell Carcinoma
    https://www.skincancer.org/skin-cancer-information/squamous-cell-carcinoma/
    What is squamous cell carcinoma? Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the skin is the second most common form of skin cancer, characterized by abnormal, accelerated growth of squamous cells. When caught early, most SCCs are curable. […] SCC of the skin is also known as cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC). Adding the word “cutaneous” identifies it as a skin cancer and differentiates it from squamous cell cancers that can arise inside the body, in places like the mouth, throat or lungs. […] Squamous cell carcinoma occurs when DNA damage from exposure to ultraviolet radiation or other damaging agents trigger abnormal changes in the squamous cells. […] While the majority of squamous cell carcinoma cases can be easily and successfully treated, if allowed to grow, these lesions can become disfiguring, dangerous and even deadly. Untreated SCCs can become invasive, grow into deeper layers of skin and spread to other parts of the body. […] An estimated 1.8 million cases of SCC are diagnosed each year, which translates to about 205 cases diagnosed every hour. […] SCC incidence has increased up to 200 percent in the past three decades.
  • #5 Practice Nursing – Skin cancer: getting back to basics
    https://www.practicenursing.com/content/clinical/skin-cancer-getting-back-to-basics/
    Skin cancer is the most common form of cancer in the UK. […] Skin cancer is an umbrella term for two main sub-types: melanoma and non-melanoma (basal cell carcinoma (BCC) and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC)), which are named after their cell origin. […] In 2015 more than 142 000 non-melanoma cases were diagnosed 80% BCC and 20% SCC an increase of 77% between 1994 and 2014. […] The burden of disease is relentless and on the increase; therefore, health professionals must educate themselves to better screen for skin cancers, provide advice to patients and ensure they are referred appropriately and receive timely care.
  • #6 Squamous cell carcinoma of the skin | UM Health-Sparrow
    https://www.uofmhealthsparrow.org/departments-conditions/conditions/squamous-cell-carcinoma-skin
    Squamous cell carcinoma of the skin most often occurs on sun-exposed skin. This includes the scalp, the backs of the hands, the ears or the lips. But it can occur anywhere on the body. It can even occur inside the mouth, on the bottoms of the feet or on the genitals. When squamous cell carcinoma of the skin happens in people with Black and brown skin, it tends to happen in places that aren’t exposed to the sun. […] Symptoms of squamous cell carcinoma of the skin include: A firm bump on the skin, called a nodule. The nodule might be the same color as the skin, or it might look different. It can look pink, red, black or brown, depending on skin color. A flat sore with a scaly crust. A new sore or raised area on an old scar or sore. A rough, scaly patch on the lip that may become an open sore. A sore or rough patch inside the mouth. A raised patch or wartlike sore on or in the anus or on the genitals.
  • #7 Squamous cell carcinoma of the skin – Symptoms and causes – Mayo Clinic
    https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/squamous-cell-carcinoma/symptoms-causes/syc-20352480
    Squamous cell carcinoma of the skin is a type of cancer that starts as a growth of cells on the skin. It starts in cells called squamous cells. The squamous cells make up the middle and outer layers of the skin. Squamous cell carcinoma is a common type of skin cancer. […] Squamous cell carcinoma of the skin is usually not life-threatening. But if it’s not treated, squamous cell carcinoma of the skin can grow large or spread to other parts of the body. The growth of the cancer can cause serious complications. […] Most squamous cell carcinomas of the skin are caused by too much ultraviolet (UV) radiation. UV radiation comes either from sunlight or from tanning beds or lamps. Protecting your skin from UV light can help reduce the risk of squamous cell carcinoma of the skin and other forms of skin cancer.
  • #8 Treating Squamous Cell Carcinoma | Squamous Cell Cancer Treatment | American Cancer Society
    https://www.cancer.org/cancer/types/basal-and-squamous-cell-skin-cancer/treating/squamousl-cell-carcinoma.html
    Treatment options for squamous cell cancer (SCC) of the skin depend on the risk of the cancer coming back, which is based on factors like the size and location of the tumor and how the cancer cells look under a microscope, as well as if a person has a weakened immune system. […] Most SCCs are found and treated at an early stage, when they can be removed or destroyed with local treatments such as surgery or radiation therapy. […] While its not common, SCC can sometimes spread to lymph nodes or distant parts of the body. If this happens, treatments such as radiation therapy, immunotherapy, and/or chemotherapy may be needed. […] Different types of surgery can be used to treat squamous cell skin cancers (SCCs). […] Mohs surgery is especially useful for SCCs that are at higher risk for coming back, such as larger tumors, tumors with poorly defined edges, cancers that have come back after other treatments, cancers that are spreading along nerves under the skin, and cancers on certain areas of the face or genital area.
  • #9 Squamous cell carcinoma of the skin – Symptoms and causes – Mayo Clinic
    https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/squamous-cell-carcinoma/symptoms-causes/syc-20352480
    Symptoms of squamous cell carcinoma of the skin include: A firm bump on the skin, called a nodule. The nodule might be the same color as the skin, or it might look different. It can look pink, red, black or brown, depending on skin color. A flat sore with a scaly crust. A new sore or raised area on an old scar or sore. A rough, scaly patch on the lip that may become an open sore. A sore or rough patch inside the mouth. A raised patch or wartlike sore on or in the anus or on the genitals. […] Make an appointment with a health care professional for a sore or scab that doesn’t heal in about two months or a flat patch of scaly skin that won’t go away. […] Most squamous cell carcinomas of the skin can be prevented. To protect yourself: Stay out of the sun during the middle of the day. Wear sunscreen year-round. Wear protective clothing. Don’t use tanning beds. Check your skin often and report changes to your health care team.
  • #10 Squamous Cell Carcinoma: Pictures, Symptoms, and More
    https://www.healthline.com/health/squamous-cell-skin-cancer
    Symptoms of cSCC can include: an open sore that can have raised borders, a scaly, reddish patch of skin, a brown spot resembling an age spot, a wart-like growth, new growth on an old scar, birthmark, or mole, a horn-shaped growth, a firm and dome-shaped growth. […] If cSCC is caught early, the condition can usually be successfully treated. It becomes harder to cure once it has spread. […] Many treatments can be performed as in-office procedures. Treatments may include: Mohs micrographic surgery, excisional surgery, electrosurgery, cryosurgery, radiation, photodynamic therapy, systemic drugs. […] Once cSCC has been treated, it’s critical to attend all follow-up visits with your doctor. cSCC can return, and it’s important to monitor your skin for any precancerous or cancerous areas at least once per month.
  • #11 Squamous cell skin cancer: MedlinePlus Medical EncyclopediaLock
    https://medlineplus.gov/ency/article/000829.htm
    Squamous cell skin cancer is the second most common type of cancer in the United States. […] Squamous cell cancer may occur in undamaged skin. It can also occur in skin that has been injured or inflamed. Most squamous cell cancers occur on skin that is regularly exposed to sunlight or other ultraviolet radiation. […] A sore that does not heal can be a sign of squamous cell cancer. Any change in an existing wart, mole, or other skin lesion could be a sign of skin cancer. […] A skin biopsy must be done to confirm squamous cell skin cancer or other skin cancers. […] Treatment depends on the size and location of the skin cancer, how far it has spread, and your overall health. Some squamous cell skin cancers may be more difficult to treat. […] You can ease the stress of illness by joining a cancer support group. Sharing with others who have common experiences and problems can help you not feel alone.
  • #12 Guidelines of care for the management of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma
    https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC6652228/
    Recommended biopsy techniques for cSCC include punch biopsy, shave biopsy, and excisional biopsy. […] The recommendations for biopsy of suspected cSCC are shown in Table VI, and the level of evidence/strength of the recommendation is presented in Table V. […] It is generally accepted that the majority of cSCCs are successfully treated with standard treatment modalities, such as surgical excision. […] However, there is a subset of tumors with increased risk for local recurrence, perineural spread, and even nodal or distant metastasis, particularly in immunocompromised individuals. […] Recommendations for standard excision of cSCC are summarized in Table VIII. […] The work group recommends MMS for the treatment of high-risk cSCC. […] If surgical therapy is not feasible or elected, nonsurgical approaches may be considered when tumors are low risk, with the understanding that the cure rate may be lower.
  • #13 Squamous Cell Carcinoma (SCC) Symptoms, Stages, Risk Factors and Treatment | Saint John’s Cancer Institute
    https://www.saintjohnscancer.org/melanoma/conditions/squamous-cell-carcinoma-of-the-skin/
    Squamous Cell Carcinoma cases are reviewed by a multi-disciplinary tumor board to personalize effective treatment plans at Saint Johns Cancer Institute and Health Center. […] In order to diagnose squamous cell carcinoma of the skin, a biopsy is required. […] SCCs that are detected and promptly removed at an early stage are almost always curable, causing minimal impact to the skin. However, if SCCs are left untreated, they may grow to the point of being very difficult to remove and treat. […] When seeking care for squamous cell carcinoma, the whole body is examined for lesions not just the affected area. […] A diagnosis of squamous cell carcinoma can only be confirmed with a biopsy. […] Treatment options are based on: Type of cancer, Size of the tumorous tissue, Location of the BCC, Depth of the tumor (does it extend to the dermis and beyond), The patients age and general health, The likely cosmetic outcome of specific treatments.
  • #14 Guidelines of care for the management of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma
    https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC6652228/
    Cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) is the second most common form of human cancer and has an increasing annual incidence. […] This document provides evidence-based recommendations for the management of patients with cSCC. […] The primary focus of these recommendations is on evaluation and management of primary cSCC and localized disease, but where relevant, applicability to recurrent cSCC is noted, as is general information on the management of patients with metastatic disease. […] The treatment of cSCC has long been a substantial component of the clinical practice of dermatologists, who are well versed in the numerous available therapeutic options. […] These clinical practice guidelines provide evidence-based recommendations for clinical treatment and management of patients with cSCC.
  • #15 Squamous cell carcinoma of the skin | UM Health-Sparrow
    https://www.uofmhealthsparrow.org/departments-conditions/conditions/squamous-cell-carcinoma-skin
    Make an appointment with a health care professional for a sore or scab that doesn’t heal in about two months or a flat patch of scaly skin that won’t go away. […] Squamous cell carcinoma of the skin occurs when the squamous cells in the skin get changes in their DNA. Cells’ DNA holds the instructions that tell cells what to do. The changes tell the squamous cells to multiply quickly. The cells continue living when healthy cells would die as part of their natural life cycle. […] Factors that can increase the risk of squamous cell carcinoma of the skin include: Having skin that sunburns easily. Anyone of any skin color can get squamous cell carcinoma of the skin. But it’s more common in people who have low levels of melanin in their skin. Melanin is a substance that gives color to skin. It also helps protect the skin from damaging ultraviolet (UV) radiation. People with Black or brown skin have more melanin than people with white skin.
  • #16 Squamous cell carcinoma of the skin | UM Health-Sparrow
    https://www.uofmhealthsparrow.org/departments-conditions/conditions/squamous-cell-carcinoma-skin
    Make an appointment with a health care professional for a sore or scab that doesn’t heal in about two months or a flat patch of scaly skin that won’t go away. […] Squamous cell carcinoma of the skin occurs when the squamous cells in the skin get changes in their DNA. Cells’ DNA holds the instructions that tell cells what to do. The changes tell the squamous cells to multiply quickly. The cells continue living when healthy cells would die as part of their natural life cycle. […] Factors that can increase the risk of squamous cell carcinoma of the skin include: Having skin that sunburns easily. Anyone of any skin color can get squamous cell carcinoma of the skin. But it’s more common in people who have low levels of melanin in their skin. Melanin is a substance that gives color to skin. It also helps protect the skin from damaging ultraviolet (UV) radiation. People with Black or brown skin have more melanin than people with white skin.
  • #17
    http://www.bccancer.bc.ca/books/skin-cancer-prevention-early-diagnosis-courses/course-readings/skin-cancer-prevention-readings/sunlight-exposure-squamous-cell-carcinoma
    Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the skin is a common cancer in white populations, and the incidence appears to be increasing. Sun exposure is thought to be the most important environmental risk factor for the disease, and a number of studies have confirmed this association, without assessing how character, duration and timing of exposure relates to risk. Age is also strongly associated with risk. […] The results show: An elevated risk of squamous cell carcinoma among subjects: With light skin and red hair. Who burn rather than tan when first exposed to the sun, and are unable to develop a tan even after a week or more of exposure. […] These results reflect previous study findings, and suggest people with light skin, blond or red hair, who tend to burn rather than tan, are at greater risk of SCC. A propensity to freckle has also been reported as more common in individuals with SCC. Another study found a history of severe sunburn is characteristic of patients with SCC.
  • #18 Squamous Cell Carcinoma Risk Factors | Mass General Brigham
    https://www.massgeneralbrigham.org/en/about/newsroom/articles/squamous-cell-carcinoma-risk-factors
    Squamous cell carcinoma of the skin is easy to mistake for an age spot or acne. If you have a sore or scab that wont heal for a month or two, you should talk to your primary care provider (PCP) or dermatologist. The sooner we find skin cancer, the easier it is for us to treat and remove it. […] Squamous cell carcinoma of the skin is easy to mistake for an age spot or acne. If you have a sore or scab that wont heal for a month or two, you should talk to your primary care provider (PCP) or dermatologist, affirms Dr. Demehri. The sooner we find skin cancer, the easier it is for us to treat and remove it. […] Depending on your risk factors, your care team may recommend an annual skin screening. Its also a good idea to check your skin each month for any concerning changes, says Dr. Demehri.
  • #19 Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf
    https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK441939/
    Squamous cell carcinoma is the second most common skin malignancy in the United States, and its incidence steadily rises each year, posing a significant public health concern. […] Timely surveillance, early diagnosis, and prompt treatment are critical to minimize morbidity and mortality risks. […] Regular skin examinations and frequent follow-ups are recommended by healthcare providers, particularly for high-risk patients, to facilitate early detection and treatment, highlighting the importance of collaborative care for optimal management. […] This activity emphasizes the critical role of photoprotection in reducing the risk of developing cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma due to its strong association with UV radiation. Therefore, this activity underscores the importance of interprofessional collaboration among healthcare providers in counseling patients on preventive measures, such as practicing photoprotection through sun avoidance, using SPF 30 sunscreen, and wearing protective clothing and sunglasses.
  • #20 Squamous cell carcinoma of the skin – Symptoms and causes – Mayo Clinic
    https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/squamous-cell-carcinoma/symptoms-causes/syc-20352480
    Symptoms of squamous cell carcinoma of the skin include: A firm bump on the skin, called a nodule. The nodule might be the same color as the skin, or it might look different. It can look pink, red, black or brown, depending on skin color. A flat sore with a scaly crust. A new sore or raised area on an old scar or sore. A rough, scaly patch on the lip that may become an open sore. A sore or rough patch inside the mouth. A raised patch or wartlike sore on or in the anus or on the genitals. […] Make an appointment with a health care professional for a sore or scab that doesn’t heal in about two months or a flat patch of scaly skin that won’t go away. […] Most squamous cell carcinomas of the skin can be prevented. To protect yourself: Stay out of the sun during the middle of the day. Wear sunscreen year-round. Wear protective clothing. Don’t use tanning beds. Check your skin often and report changes to your health care team.
  • #21 Spot Check | Squamous cell carcinoma
    https://spotcheck.clinic/conditions/skin-cancers/scc/
    If untreated, squamous cell carcinoma will usually enlarge gradually, leading to bleeding and ulceration. […] Squamous cell carcinoma is usually treated effectively with surgical removal (also called excision). The entire cancer must be removed with a margin of at least 2mm (but sometimes more) of normal skin around its edges. […] In most cases, once a squamous cell carcinoma is excised, no further treatment is required. […] Regular skin checks will help detect evidence of the cancer returning and allow detection of new skin cancers. […] Because the majority of squamous cell carcinomas are caused by ultraviolet radiation, avoiding excessive sun exposure is the most important measure for prevention. […] Daily use of sunscreen significantly reduces the risk of squamous cell carcinoma in people who have already had one.
  • #22 Spot Check | Squamous cell carcinoma
    https://spotcheck.clinic/conditions/skin-cancers/scc/
    Vitamin B3 (taken in the form of nicotinamide 1000mg daily) reduces the development of future squamous and basal cell carcinomas by 23 per cent. […] There are case studies of HPV vaccine being successfully used to treat and prevent the recurrence of SCC in patients unsuitable for surgical treatment.
  • #23 Squamous cell carcinomas – BAD Patient Hub
    https://www.skinhealthinfo.org.uk/condition/squamous-cell-carcinomas/
    Your medical team may wish to follow you closely after certain SCC treatments to ensure the treatment is successful and to detect complications, if any, sooner. Current guidelines state that patients with SCC who are at low risk of getting a second one do not need a specialist following them up. Higher risk SCCs should be followed up regularly for 1-2 years by the specialist or their team. […] Reducing ultraviolet exposure will reduce the risk of getting an SCC. […] Treatment of areas of scaly sun damage (actinic keratosis and Bowen disease) may reduce your risk of an SCC.
  • #24
  • #25 Skin cancer types: Squamous cell carcinoma self-care
    https://www.aad.org/public/diseases/skin-cancer/types/common/scc/self-care
    Protecting your skin from the sun can greatly reduce your risk of getting another skin cancer. […] Once you’ve had squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the skin, you have the following risks: The cancer can return. Another squamous cell carcinoma of the skin can develop. Another type of skin cancer, including melanoma (the most serious skin cancer), can appear. […] To help patients reduce these risks and find skin cancer early, dermatologists recommend the following to their patients who have had squamous cell carcinoma: Keep all your dermatology appointments. Your dermatologist will tell you how often to return. During these appointments, your dermatologist will examine your skin and lymph nodes for signs of cancer. Keeping these appointments helps to find skin cancer early when it’s highly treatable.
  • #26 Skin cancer types: Squamous cell carcinoma self-care
    https://www.aad.org/public/diseases/skin-cancer/types/common/scc/self-care
    Learn to examine your skin and lymph nodes for signs of cancer and do these exams as often as your dermatologist recommends. These exams can be lifesaving. If you find any sign of cancer during your exam, call your dermatologist’s office, and tell them that you’ve been treated for squamous cell carcinoma. […] Protect your skin from the sun. Protecting your skin from the sun prevents further damage and may allow your body to repair some of the existing damage, which can reduce your risk of getting another skin cancer. Avoiding the sun after treatment for skin cancer will also help your skin to heal and reduce scarring. […] For these reasons, dermatologists recommend that you protect your skin from the sun every day, even in winter and on cloudy days. […] The best defense against another skin cancer continues to be sun protection and never using tanning beds.
  • #27 Guidelines of care for the management of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma
    https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC6652228/
    Patients who have had cSCC should be counseled regarding the risk for new primary skin cancers, the need for in-office screening, and the potential benefits of self-screening. […] The recommendations for the follow-up and reducing risk for future tumors are shown in Table XIV, and the level of evidence/strength of the recommendations is presented in Table XV.
  • #28 Squamous cell carcinomas – BAD Patient Hub
    https://www.skinhealthinfo.org.uk/condition/squamous-cell-carcinomas/
    Your medical team may wish to follow you closely after certain SCC treatments to ensure the treatment is successful and to detect complications, if any, sooner. Current guidelines state that patients with SCC who are at low risk of getting a second one do not need a specialist following them up. Higher risk SCCs should be followed up regularly for 1-2 years by the specialist or their team. […] Reducing ultraviolet exposure will reduce the risk of getting an SCC. […] Treatment of areas of scaly sun damage (actinic keratosis and Bowen disease) may reduce your risk of an SCC.
  • #29 Squamous Cell Carcinoma | Skin Cancer Types | Zitelli & Brodland | Pittsburgh, PA
    https://www.mohs.md/skin-cancer-conditions/squamous-cell-carcinoma
    Squamous cell carcinoma, the second most prevalent skin cancer, is a diagnosis for over 200,000 Americans each year. […] The specialized care offered by Zitelli Brodland proves instrumental in improving outcomes for individuals affected by squamous cell carcinoma. Their expertise not only focuses on addressing the immediate concerns but also on preventing metastasis and enhancing the overall prognosis. […] Specialized care is particularly crucial in preventing metastasis, especially in cases where SCC is large, ulcerated, or located on specific areas with an increased risk. […] Early detection is paramount for effective treatment and improved outcomes. Regular skin examinations, both self-checks and professional evaluations, are vital in identifying suspicious lesions or changes. The commitment to early detection ensures timely intervention and optimal care for individuals affected by SCC. […] To properly diagnose and treat skin cancer, it is essential to schedule with your dermatologist. Our certified experts can provide you with the best treatments options for your skin cancer.
  • #30 Squamous cell carcinoma of the skin – Diagnosis and treatment – Mayo Clinic
    https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/squamous-cell-carcinoma/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20352486
    Our caring team of Mayo Clinic experts can help you with your squamous cell carcinoma of the skin-related health concerns […] Most squamous cell carcinomas of the skin can be removed with minor surgery. Some are removed with a medicine applied to the skin. The treatment depends on where the cancer is, how large it is, how fast it’s growing and what you prefer. […] If you have a skin sore that concerns you, make an appointment with a doctor or other health care professional. You may be referred to a doctor who specializes in the diagnosis and treatment of skin conditions, called a dermatologist. […] If you’ve already had skin cancer, you have an increased risk of a second cancer. Talk with your dermatologist about how often to have a skin exam to look for signs of another skin cancer.
  • #31 Treating Squamous Cell Carcinoma | Squamous Cell Cancer Treatment | American Cancer Society
    https://www.cancer.org/cancer/types/basal-and-squamous-cell-skin-cancer/treating/squamousl-cell-carcinoma.html
    Treatment options for squamous cell cancer (SCC) of the skin depend on the risk of the cancer coming back, which is based on factors like the size and location of the tumor and how the cancer cells look under a microscope, as well as if a person has a weakened immune system. […] Most SCCs are found and treated at an early stage, when they can be removed or destroyed with local treatments such as surgery or radiation therapy. […] While its not common, SCC can sometimes spread to lymph nodes or distant parts of the body. If this happens, treatments such as radiation therapy, immunotherapy, and/or chemotherapy may be needed. […] Different types of surgery can be used to treat squamous cell skin cancers (SCCs). […] Mohs surgery is especially useful for SCCs that are at higher risk for coming back, such as larger tumors, tumors with poorly defined edges, cancers that have come back after other treatments, cancers that are spreading along nerves under the skin, and cancers on certain areas of the face or genital area.
  • #32 Squamous Cell Carcinoma Treatment
    https://www.skincancer.org/skin-cancer-information/squamous-cell-carcinoma/scc-treatment-options/
    Most squamous cell carcinomas (SCCs) of the skin can be cured when found and treated early. Treatment should happen as soon as possible after diagnosis, since more advanced SCCs of the skin are more difficult to treat and can become dangerous, spreading to local lymph nodes, distant tissues and organs. […] If you’ve been diagnosed with an SCC that has not spread (in situ), there are several effective treatments that can usually be performed on an outpatient basis. The choices available to you depend on the tumor type, size, location and depth, as well as your age and overall health. […] Options include: Excisional surgery, Mohs surgery, Cryosurgery, Curettage and electrodesiccation (electrosurgery), Laser surgery, Radiation, Photodynamic therapy (PDT), Topical medications. […] Ask your dermatologist to clearly explain the options that might work best for you, including details about the risks and benefits.
  • #33 Treatments for squamous cell carcinoma | Canadian Cancer Society
    https://cancer.ca/en/cancer-information/cancer-types/skin-non-melanoma/treatment/squamous-cell-carcinoma
    The following are treatment options for squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the skin. Your healthcare team will suggest treatments based on the risk group. They will work with you to develop a treatment plan. […] SCC is most often treated with local therapy. This means that only the cancer on the skin and the area around it are treated. Surgery is the main local therapy used for SCC. […] Surgery is usually offered for SCC. The type of surgery done depends on the risk group, where the cancer is located and the size of the cancer. […] Surgical excision removes the cancer along with some normal tissue around it (called the surgical margin). It is a common treatment for most types of SCC. […] Mohs surgery removes the cancer in layers, little by little, until no cancer remains. It is mainly done for high-risk SCC or SCC that comes back after treatment (called recurrent SCC). It can also be used when SCC could not be completely removed by surgical excision. Mohs surgery is often used for cancers with a border that is uneven, especially on the face, hands or feet.
  • #34 Squamous Cell Carcinoma Treatment
    https://www.skincancer.org/skin-cancer-information/squamous-cell-carcinoma/scc-treatment-options/
    For small, early SCCs that have not spread, excisional surgery is frequently the only treatment required. […] Mohs surgery is the most effective technique for removing SCCs, sparing the greatest amount of healthy tissue while achieving the highest possible cure rate – up to 97 percent for tumors treated for the first time. […] Curettage and electrodesiccation can be effective for most small, superficial or minimally invasive SCCs. […] Cryosurgery is effective for superficial SCCs, especially for patients with bleeding disorders, implantable cardiac devices or problems tolerating anesthesia. […] Radiation therapy is primarily used for SCCs that are hard to treat surgically, and in elderly patients or people in poor health for whom surgery is not advised. […] PDT can be used for some superficial SCCs on the face and scalp but is not recommended for invasive SCCs. […] While these topical medications are not yet FDA-approved for treating SCCs, they are sometimes used for superficial tumors.
  • #35 Treatment for Squamous Cell Carcinoma | Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center
    https://www.mskcc.org/cancer-care/types/squamous-cell-carcinoma/treatment-squamous-cell-carcinoma
    Most cases of squamous cell carcinoma can be cured when found early and treated properly. […] Its important not to delay treatment for too long, since this can make the cancer more difficult to cure. […] Surgery is often recommended to remove squamous cell lesions, particularly those classified as high risk. […] Mohs surgery has the highest cure rate of all therapies for squamous cell carcinomas. […] This very common treatment for squamous cell carcinoma is most effective for low-risk tumors. […] Radiation therapy with x-rays or high-energy particles can be useful for treating tumors in areas that are difficult to treat with surgery, or in older people and others at a higher risk for complications with surgery. […] Some skin cancers that do not require very deep radiation may be treated with a new form of radiation therapy applied directly to the skin, called electronic skin surface brachytherapy (ESSB).
  • #36 Treatments for squamous cell carcinoma | Canadian Cancer Society
    https://cancer.ca/en/cancer-information/cancer-types/skin-non-melanoma/treatment/squamous-cell-carcinoma
    Curettage and electrodesiccation (CE) uses a sharp tool (called a curette) to scrape the cancer and remove it from the body. Then the area is treated with an electrical current to destroy any remaining cancer cells. It is commonly used for low-risk SCC, including SCC in situ. […] Cryosurgery uses extreme cold to freeze and destroy tissue. It is often used to treat small tumours on the surface of the skin with clear and smooth borders, such as SCC in situ. It is usually offered when other types of surgery can’t be done. […] A skin graft or a skin flap may be done to repair the skin and nearby area after SCC is removed. Skin from another area of the body is removed and placed over the surgical area to cover the open wound and repair the skin. It may be done if a large area of skin is removed to make sure the cancer is completely gone.
  • #37 Treatments for squamous cell carcinoma | Canadian Cancer Society
    https://cancer.ca/en/cancer-information/cancer-types/skin-non-melanoma/treatment/squamous-cell-carcinoma
    Curettage and electrodesiccation (CE) uses a sharp tool (called a curette) to scrape the cancer and remove it from the body. Then the area is treated with an electrical current to destroy any remaining cancer cells. It is commonly used for low-risk SCC, including SCC in situ. […] Cryosurgery uses extreme cold to freeze and destroy tissue. It is often used to treat small tumours on the surface of the skin with clear and smooth borders, such as SCC in situ. It is usually offered when other types of surgery can’t be done. […] A skin graft or a skin flap may be done to repair the skin and nearby area after SCC is removed. Skin from another area of the body is removed and placed over the surgical area to cover the open wound and repair the skin. It may be done if a large area of skin is removed to make sure the cancer is completely gone.
  • #38 Treating Squamous Cell Carcinoma | Squamous Cell Cancer Treatment | American Cancer Society
    https://www.cancer.org/cancer/types/basal-and-squamous-cell-skin-cancer/treating/squamousl-cell-carcinoma.html
    Radiation therapy might be an option for people with large SCCs, especially for tumors in areas where surgery would be hard to do (such as the eyelids, ears, or nose), or for people who cant have (or dont want) surgery. […] Cryotherapy (cryosurgery) might be an option for some early squamous cell cancers that are at low risk for coming back, especially in people who cant have surgery, but its typically not recommended for larger SCCs or those on certain parts of the nose, ears, eyelids, scalp, or legs. […] Treatment options for SCC that remains after treatment or that comes back later depend on where the tumor is, what the first treatment was, and other factors. […] If the cancer comes back in nearby lymph nodes or in other parts of the body, systemic treatments such as immunotherapy or chemotherapy drugs might be an option.
  • #39 Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf
    https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK441939/
    The preferred therapeutic intervention for cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma is surgical excision. […] For patients who are not suitable for surgery, options for treating cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma include superficial radiation therapy, 5-fluorouracil cream, imiquimod cream, cryotherapy, photodynamic therapy, and/or ablative laser. […] Due to the strong association with UV radiation, photoprotection is crucial in reducing the risk of developing cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma. Healthcare professionals should advise patients on photoprotective measures. Annual full-body skin exams are recommended, with more frequent exams advised for patients with significant risk factors.
  • #40 Squamous Cell Carcinoma Treatment
    https://www.skincancer.org/skin-cancer-information/squamous-cell-carcinoma/scc-treatment-options/
    For small, early SCCs that have not spread, excisional surgery is frequently the only treatment required. […] Mohs surgery is the most effective technique for removing SCCs, sparing the greatest amount of healthy tissue while achieving the highest possible cure rate – up to 97 percent for tumors treated for the first time. […] Curettage and electrodesiccation can be effective for most small, superficial or minimally invasive SCCs. […] Cryosurgery is effective for superficial SCCs, especially for patients with bleeding disorders, implantable cardiac devices or problems tolerating anesthesia. […] Radiation therapy is primarily used for SCCs that are hard to treat surgically, and in elderly patients or people in poor health for whom surgery is not advised. […] PDT can be used for some superficial SCCs on the face and scalp but is not recommended for invasive SCCs. […] While these topical medications are not yet FDA-approved for treating SCCs, they are sometimes used for superficial tumors.
  • #41 Treating Squamous Cell Carcinoma | Squamous Cell Cancer Treatment | American Cancer Society
    https://www.cancer.org/cancer/types/basal-and-squamous-cell-skin-cancer/treating/squamousl-cell-carcinoma.html
    Radiation therapy might be an option for people with large SCCs, especially for tumors in areas where surgery would be hard to do (such as the eyelids, ears, or nose), or for people who cant have (or dont want) surgery. […] Cryotherapy (cryosurgery) might be an option for some early squamous cell cancers that are at low risk for coming back, especially in people who cant have surgery, but its typically not recommended for larger SCCs or those on certain parts of the nose, ears, eyelids, scalp, or legs. […] Treatment options for SCC that remains after treatment or that comes back later depend on where the tumor is, what the first treatment was, and other factors. […] If the cancer comes back in nearby lymph nodes or in other parts of the body, systemic treatments such as immunotherapy or chemotherapy drugs might be an option.
  • #42 Basal & Squamous Cell Local Treatment | Skin Cancer Local Treatments | American Cancer Society
    https://www.cancer.org/cancer/types/basal-and-squamous-cell-skin-cancer/treating/other-than-surgery.html
    Cryotherapy is used most often for pre-cancerous skin conditions such as actinic keratosis. It might also be used for squamous cell carcinoma in situ (Bowen disease) or for small basal cell and squamous cell carcinomas. […] PDT can be used to treat actinic keratoses. It might also be an option to treat some small, low risk basal cell skin cancers, as well as very early forms of squamous cell cancer (known as squamous cell carcinoma in situ, or Bowen disease). […] Topical chemotherapy means that an anti-cancer medicine is put directly on the skin (usually in a cream or ointment) rather than being taken by mouth or given as an IV into a vein. […] Some drugs can boost the body’s immune response against the cancer, causing it to shrink and go away. […] This approach uses a beam of laser light to destroy the top layers of the skin. It might be an option for actinic keratosis, squamous cell carcinoma in situ (Bowen disease), or for very superficial basal cell cancers (those only on the surface of the skin). […] For this treatment, the doctor applies a chemical such as trichloroacetic acid (TCA) to the skin tumor, killing the tumor cells.
  • #43 Squamous Cell Carcinoma Treatment
    https://www.skincancer.org/skin-cancer-information/squamous-cell-carcinoma/scc-treatment-options/
    For small, early SCCs that have not spread, excisional surgery is frequently the only treatment required. […] Mohs surgery is the most effective technique for removing SCCs, sparing the greatest amount of healthy tissue while achieving the highest possible cure rate – up to 97 percent for tumors treated for the first time. […] Curettage and electrodesiccation can be effective for most small, superficial or minimally invasive SCCs. […] Cryosurgery is effective for superficial SCCs, especially for patients with bleeding disorders, implantable cardiac devices or problems tolerating anesthesia. […] Radiation therapy is primarily used for SCCs that are hard to treat surgically, and in elderly patients or people in poor health for whom surgery is not advised. […] PDT can be used for some superficial SCCs on the face and scalp but is not recommended for invasive SCCs. […] While these topical medications are not yet FDA-approved for treating SCCs, they are sometimes used for superficial tumors.
  • #44 Treatments for squamous cell carcinoma | Canadian Cancer Society
    https://cancer.ca/en/cancer-information/cancer-types/skin-non-melanoma/treatment/squamous-cell-carcinoma
    Targeted therapy uses drugs to target specific molecules (such as proteins) on or inside cancer cells to stop the growth and spread of cancer cells. The targeted therapy drug used for SCC is cetuximab (Erbitux). […] Systemic chemotherapy is not usually offered for SCC. But it may be used for metastatic SCC. The most common chemotherapy drug used is cisplatin.
  • #45 Treating Squamous Cell Carcinoma | Squamous Cell Cancer Treatment | American Cancer Society
    https://www.cancer.org/cancer/types/basal-and-squamous-cell-skin-cancer/treating/squamousl-cell-carcinoma.html
    Different types of treatments might be used for SCCs that have spread beyond the skin. […] Removing regional (nearby) lymph nodes might be recommended for some SCCs that are very large or have grown deeply into the skin, as well as if the lymph nodes feel enlarged and/or hard. […] For advanced SCCs that cant be cured with surgery or radiation therapy, one option might be using an immunotherapy drug such as cemiplimab (Libtayo), pembrolizumab (Keytruda), or cosibelimab (Unloxcyt).
  • #46 Treatments for squamous cell carcinoma | Canadian Cancer Society
    https://cancer.ca/en/cancer-information/cancer-types/skin-non-melanoma/treatment/squamous-cell-carcinoma
    A lymph node dissection removes lymph nodes from the body. It is not done very often, but may be offered for SCC that has spread to lymph nodes. Imaging tests or a physical exam will be done to see which lymph nodes need to be removed. […] Radiation therapy uses high-energy rays or particles to destroy cancer cells. You may be offered radiation therapy to treat SCC that can’t be removed with surgery or if surgery will change your appearance or how the area functions. […] Drug therapy uses drugs to treat SCC. The type of drug therapy used depends on where the cancer is located. […] Topical therapy is given as a cream or ointment that contains drugs and is applied on the skin. It may be offered to treat SCC in situ. In some cases, topical therapy is used for low-risk SCC. […] Immunotherapy helps to strengthen or restore the immune system’s ability to fight cancer. The immunotherapy drugs that may be used for SCC are: cemiplimab (Libtayo) and pembrolizumab (Keytruda).
  • #47 Squamous Cell Carcinoma | Symptoms & Treatment | MedStar Health
    https://www.medstarhealth.org/services/squamous-cell-carcinoma
    Early detection is important, as squamous cell carcinoma can easily be treated when it’s found early. If you notice something unusual on your skin, always get it checked out sooner rather than later. And, if you have a high risk of skin cancer, you should talk to your doctor about how frequently you should get your skin evaluated by a dermatologist. […] Most of the time, we can easily remove squamous cell tumors using surgery. Sometimes, these abnormal growths are removed using a shape or punch biopsy during the diagnostic process. Other times, the tumor has grown deeper into the skin and we need to use one of the following surgical options: Mohs micrographic surgery, Cryosurgery, Curettage and electrodessication, Laser therapy. […] We offer all of the latest surgical and nonsurgical treatment options, including breakthrough clinical trials. We consider your diagnosis and preferences as we design an individualized treatment plan that uses the most effective approach for both eliminating your cancer and preserving your cosmetic appearance.
  • #48 SOLUTION: Squamous Cell Carcinoma (SCC) NURSING CARE PLAN – Studypool
    https://www.studypool.com/documents/12918888/squamous-cell-carcinoma-scc-nursing-care-plan
    NURSING CARE PLAN Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) Nursing Diagnosis: Impaired skin integrity related to cutaneous lesions Expected Outcomes: The patient will be able to: – Identify interventions appropriate for specific condition. – Participate in techniques to prevent complications/promote healing as appropriate. Signs and Symptoms: Squamous cell carcinoma of the skin most often occurs on sun-exposed skin, such as your scalp, the backs of your hands, your ears or your lips. But it can occur anywhere on your body, including inside your mouth, the bottoms of your feet and on your genitals. Signs and symptoms of squamous cell carcinoma of the skin include: A firm, red nodule A flat sore with a scaly crust A new sore or raised area on an old scar or ulcer A rough, scaly patch on your lip that may evolve to an open sore A red sore or rough patch inside your mouth A red, raised patch or wartlike sore on or in the anus or on your genitals
  • #49 SOLUTION: Squamous Cell Carcinoma (SCC) NURSING CARE PLAN – Studypool
    https://www.studypool.com/documents/12918888/squamous-cell-carcinoma-scc-nursing-care-plan
    NURSING CARE PLAN Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) Nursing Diagnosis: Impaired skin integrity related to cutaneous lesions Expected Outcomes: The patient will be able to: – Identify interventions appropriate for specific condition. – Participate in techniques to prevent complications/promote healing as appropriate. Signs and Symptoms: Squamous cell carcinoma of the skin most often occurs on sun-exposed skin, such as your scalp, the backs of your hands, your ears or your lips. But it can occur anywhere on your body, including inside your mouth, the bottoms of your feet and on your genitals. Signs and symptoms of squamous cell carcinoma of the skin include: A firm, red nodule A flat sore with a scaly crust A new sore or raised area on an old scar or ulcer A rough, scaly patch on your lip that may evolve to an open sore A red sore or rough patch inside your mouth A red, raised patch or wartlike sore on or in the anus or on your genitals
  • #50 SOLUTION: Squamous Cell Carcinoma (SCC) NURSING CARE PLAN – Studypool
    https://www.studypool.com/documents/12918888/squamous-cell-carcinoma-scc-nursing-care-plan
    NURSING CARE PLAN Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) Nursing Diagnosis: Impaired skin integrity related to cutaneous lesions Expected Outcomes: The patient will be able to: – Identify interventions appropriate for specific condition. – Participate in techniques to prevent complications/promote healing as appropriate. Signs and Symptoms: Squamous cell carcinoma of the skin most often occurs on sun-exposed skin, such as your scalp, the backs of your hands, your ears or your lips. But it can occur anywhere on your body, including inside your mouth, the bottoms of your feet and on your genitals. Signs and symptoms of squamous cell carcinoma of the skin include: A firm, red nodule A flat sore with a scaly crust A new sore or raised area on an old scar or ulcer A rough, scaly patch on your lip that may evolve to an open sore A red sore or rough patch inside your mouth A red, raised patch or wartlike sore on or in the anus or on your genitals
  • #51
  • #52 Malignant Wounds – Squamous Cell Carcinoma (SCC) | AccessMedicine Network
    https://www.accessmedicinenetwork.com/posts/malignant-wounds-squamous-cell-carcinoma-scc
    This type of SCC is usually very aggressive and requires excision beyond its margins in addition to radiation therapy. […] Diagnosis of SCC is made with a sufficiently deep-shave biopsy. Smaller, low-risk SCCs are treated with surgical excision, electrodessication and curettage, or cryotherapy; larger, high-risk lesions are best treated with Mohs micrographic surgery which has the highest overall cure rate. […] Because of the chemotherapy and radiation of affected tissue, wounds are not uncommon after excision of SCC. Supportive wound care is required, including infection control, pain management, lymphedema management, and frequent inspection for new lesions. Absorbent antimicrobial dressings are useful in preventing secondary infections, in managing drainage, and in preventing further skin maceration at the wound site. […] In summary, SCC can be either cutaneous or from a deeper malignancy. Early diagnosis and treatment is critical in order to prevent metastasis to the lymphatic system and deeper tissues.
  • #53
    https://myhealth.alberta.ca/Health/aftercareinformation/pages/conditions.aspx?hwid=abp7900
    Excision of non-melanoma skin cancer is a treatment to remove, or excise, basal cell and squamous cell cancers (carcinomas) from your skin. […] Follow-up care is a key part of your treatment and safety. Be sure to make and go to all appointments, and call your doctor or nurse advice line if you are having problems. […] If your doctor told you how to care for your wound, follow your doctor’s instructions. […] Call your doctor or nurse advice line now or seek immediate medical care if you have signs of infection, such as: Increased pain, swelling, warmth, or redness near the area. […] Watch closely for changes in your health, and be sure to contact your doctor or nurse advice line if you see a change in your skin, such as a growth or mole that grows bigger.
  • #54 Guide to Squamous Cell Carcinoma | Divine DermatologyAccessibility ToolsIncrease TextDecrease TextGrayscaleHigh ContrastNegative ContrastLight BackgroundLinks UnderlineReadable FontReset
    https://divinedermatology.com/comprehensive-guide-to-squamous-cell-carcinoma-self-care/
    Squamous cell carcinoma is a common type of skin cancer that arises from the squamous cells, which make up the outer layer of the skin. Early detection and treatment are crucial for effective management and recovery. In addition to medical treatments, self-care plays a vital role in managing and preventing the recurrence of Squamous cell carcinoma. This article provides a comprehensive guide on self-care strategies for individuals with squamous cell carcinoma. […] One of the most critical aspects of self-care for Squamous cell carcinoma is protecting your skin from UV radiation, which is a major risk factor for developing and exacerbating skin cancer. […] Performing regular skin checks is vital for early detection of any new or recurring skin issues. […] A healthy lifestyle can strengthen your immune system and improve your body’s ability to fight cancer.
  • #55 Guide to Squamous Cell Carcinoma | Divine DermatologyAccessibility ToolsIncrease TextDecrease TextGrayscaleHigh ContrastNegative ContrastLight BackgroundLinks UnderlineReadable FontReset
    https://divinedermatology.com/comprehensive-guide-to-squamous-cell-carcinoma-self-care/
    Proper skin care can help your skin heal and reduce the risk of irritation or infection. […] Medical treatments for Squamous cell carcinoma can cause side effects such as redness, swelling, and discomfort. Managing these side effects is crucial for your comfort and recovery. […] Dealing with a cancer diagnosis can be emotionally challenging. Taking care of your mental health is an important aspect of self-care. […] Preventing the recurrence of Squamous cell carcinoma involves ongoing vigilance and proactive measures. […] Squamous cell carcinoma is a serious condition, but with the right self-care strategies, you can manage your health effectively and reduce the risk of recurrence. Protecting your skin from UV radiation, maintaining a healthy lifestyle, performing regular skin checks, and managing side effects are all crucial components of self-care. Additionally, taking care of your emotional well-being and staying vigilant with follow-up care will support your journey to recovery and long-term health.
  • #56 Squamous Cell Carcinoma | Skin Cancer Care | Mercy Health
    https://www.mercy.com/health-care-services/cancer-care-oncology/specialties/skin-cancer-treatment/conditions/squamous-cell-carcinoma
    Most people with squamous cell carcinoma recover completely following treatment, according to the American Cancer Society. Treatments can remove the cancer cells completely. […] Once you’ve had squamous cell carcinoma, it’s common for it to come back again. This is especially true if you spend a lot of time in the sun without proper protection. It’s very important to talk to your doctor about the most effective ways to protect your skin when you’re outdoors. You should also perform monthly skin exams at home to look for changes.
  • #57 Squamous cell skin cancer: MedlinePlus Medical EncyclopediaLock
    https://medlineplus.gov/ency/article/000829.htm
    Squamous cell skin cancer is the second most common type of cancer in the United States. […] Squamous cell cancer may occur in undamaged skin. It can also occur in skin that has been injured or inflamed. Most squamous cell cancers occur on skin that is regularly exposed to sunlight or other ultraviolet radiation. […] A sore that does not heal can be a sign of squamous cell cancer. Any change in an existing wart, mole, or other skin lesion could be a sign of skin cancer. […] A skin biopsy must be done to confirm squamous cell skin cancer or other skin cancers. […] Treatment depends on the size and location of the skin cancer, how far it has spread, and your overall health. Some squamous cell skin cancers may be more difficult to treat. […] You can ease the stress of illness by joining a cancer support group. Sharing with others who have common experiences and problems can help you not feel alone.
  • #58 Squamous cell skin cancer Information | Mount Sinai – New York
    https://www.mountsinai.org/health-library/diseases-conditions/squamous-cell-skin-cancer
    Squamous cell skin cancer is the second most common type of cancer in the United States. […] Squamous cell cancer may occur in undamaged skin. It can also occur in skin that has been injured or inflamed. Most squamous cell cancers occur on skin that is regularly exposed to sunlight or other ultraviolet radiation. […] A skin biopsy must be done to confirm squamous cell skin cancer or other skin cancers. […] Treatment depends on the size and location of the skin cancer, how far it has spread, and your overall health. Some squamous cell skin cancers may be more difficult to treat. […] You can ease the stress of illness by joining a cancer support group. Sharing with others who have common experiences and problems can help you not feel alone. […] How well a person does depends on many things, including how soon the cancer was diagnosed, the location, and whether or not you have a weakened immune system. Most of these cancers are cured when treated early. […] Contact your provider for an appointment if you have a sore or spot on your skin that changes in: Appearance, Color, Size, Texture. […] The best way to prevent skin cancer is to reduce your exposure to sunlight. Always use sunscreen.
  • #59 Treating Squamous Cell Carcinoma | Squamous Cell Cancer Treatment | American Cancer Society
    https://www.cancer.org/cancer/types/basal-and-squamous-cell-skin-cancer/treating/squamousl-cell-carcinoma.html
    Radiation therapy might be an option for people with large SCCs, especially for tumors in areas where surgery would be hard to do (such as the eyelids, ears, or nose), or for people who cant have (or dont want) surgery. […] Cryotherapy (cryosurgery) might be an option for some early squamous cell cancers that are at low risk for coming back, especially in people who cant have surgery, but its typically not recommended for larger SCCs or those on certain parts of the nose, ears, eyelids, scalp, or legs. […] Treatment options for SCC that remains after treatment or that comes back later depend on where the tumor is, what the first treatment was, and other factors. […] If the cancer comes back in nearby lymph nodes or in other parts of the body, systemic treatments such as immunotherapy or chemotherapy drugs might be an option.
  • #60 Squamous Cell Carcinoma: Pictures, Symptoms, and More
    https://www.healthline.com/health/squamous-cell-skin-cancer
    Symptoms of cSCC can include: an open sore that can have raised borders, a scaly, reddish patch of skin, a brown spot resembling an age spot, a wart-like growth, new growth on an old scar, birthmark, or mole, a horn-shaped growth, a firm and dome-shaped growth. […] If cSCC is caught early, the condition can usually be successfully treated. It becomes harder to cure once it has spread. […] Many treatments can be performed as in-office procedures. Treatments may include: Mohs micrographic surgery, excisional surgery, electrosurgery, cryosurgery, radiation, photodynamic therapy, systemic drugs. […] Once cSCC has been treated, it’s critical to attend all follow-up visits with your doctor. cSCC can return, and it’s important to monitor your skin for any precancerous or cancerous areas at least once per month.
  • #61 Skin cancer types: Squamous cell carcinoma self-care
    https://www.aad.org/public/diseases/skin-cancer/types/common/scc/self-care
    Protecting your skin from the sun can greatly reduce your risk of getting another skin cancer. […] Once you’ve had squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the skin, you have the following risks: The cancer can return. Another squamous cell carcinoma of the skin can develop. Another type of skin cancer, including melanoma (the most serious skin cancer), can appear. […] To help patients reduce these risks and find skin cancer early, dermatologists recommend the following to their patients who have had squamous cell carcinoma: Keep all your dermatology appointments. Your dermatologist will tell you how often to return. During these appointments, your dermatologist will examine your skin and lymph nodes for signs of cancer. Keeping these appointments helps to find skin cancer early when it’s highly treatable.
  • #62 Treating Squamous Cell Carcinoma | Squamous Cell Cancer Treatment | American Cancer Society
    https://www.cancer.org/cancer/types/basal-and-squamous-cell-skin-cancer/treating/squamousl-cell-carcinoma.html
    Radiation therapy might be an option for people with large SCCs, especially for tumors in areas where surgery would be hard to do (such as the eyelids, ears, or nose), or for people who cant have (or dont want) surgery. […] Cryotherapy (cryosurgery) might be an option for some early squamous cell cancers that are at low risk for coming back, especially in people who cant have surgery, but its typically not recommended for larger SCCs or those on certain parts of the nose, ears, eyelids, scalp, or legs. […] Treatment options for SCC that remains after treatment or that comes back later depend on where the tumor is, what the first treatment was, and other factors. […] If the cancer comes back in nearby lymph nodes or in other parts of the body, systemic treatments such as immunotherapy or chemotherapy drugs might be an option.
  • #63 Skin cancer types: Squamous cell carcinoma treatment
    https://www.aad.org/diseases/skin-cancer/squamous-cell-carcinoma-treatment
    Radiation therapy may be given as a second type of treatment when there is a high risk that the cancer will spread. In this case, radiation therapy often follows surgical removal. […] Palliative care: Rather than treating the cancer, this care offers relief from the symptoms or stress of having cancer. […] When found early, this cancer is highly treatable. Left untreated, however, the cancer can spread deep into the skin and travel to other parts of the body, making treatment difficult. […] While treatment can remove the cancer, its important to know that this cancer can return. You also have a greater risk of developing another skin cancer. That’s why it’s so important to see your dermatologist for routine full-body skin exams.
  • #64 Guide to Squamous Cell Carcinoma | Divine DermatologyAccessibility ToolsIncrease TextDecrease TextGrayscaleHigh ContrastNegative ContrastLight BackgroundLinks UnderlineReadable FontReset
    https://divinedermatology.com/comprehensive-guide-to-squamous-cell-carcinoma-self-care/
    Proper skin care can help your skin heal and reduce the risk of irritation or infection. […] Medical treatments for Squamous cell carcinoma can cause side effects such as redness, swelling, and discomfort. Managing these side effects is crucial for your comfort and recovery. […] Dealing with a cancer diagnosis can be emotionally challenging. Taking care of your mental health is an important aspect of self-care. […] Preventing the recurrence of Squamous cell carcinoma involves ongoing vigilance and proactive measures. […] Squamous cell carcinoma is a serious condition, but with the right self-care strategies, you can manage your health effectively and reduce the risk of recurrence. Protecting your skin from UV radiation, maintaining a healthy lifestyle, performing regular skin checks, and managing side effects are all crucial components of self-care. Additionally, taking care of your emotional well-being and staying vigilant with follow-up care will support your journey to recovery and long-term health.
  • #65
    https://myhealth.alberta.ca/Health/aftercareinformation/pages/conditions.aspx?hwid=abp7900
    Excision of non-melanoma skin cancer is a treatment to remove, or excise, basal cell and squamous cell cancers (carcinomas) from your skin. […] Follow-up care is a key part of your treatment and safety. Be sure to make and go to all appointments, and call your doctor or nurse advice line if you are having problems. […] If your doctor told you how to care for your wound, follow your doctor’s instructions. […] Call your doctor or nurse advice line now or seek immediate medical care if you have signs of infection, such as: Increased pain, swelling, warmth, or redness near the area. […] Watch closely for changes in your health, and be sure to contact your doctor or nurse advice line if you see a change in your skin, such as a growth or mole that grows bigger.
  • #66 Malignant Wounds – Squamous Cell Carcinoma (SCC) | AccessMedicine Network
    https://www.accessmedicinenetwork.com/posts/malignant-wounds-squamous-cell-carcinoma-scc
    This type of SCC is usually very aggressive and requires excision beyond its margins in addition to radiation therapy. […] Diagnosis of SCC is made with a sufficiently deep-shave biopsy. Smaller, low-risk SCCs are treated with surgical excision, electrodessication and curettage, or cryotherapy; larger, high-risk lesions are best treated with Mohs micrographic surgery which has the highest overall cure rate. […] Because of the chemotherapy and radiation of affected tissue, wounds are not uncommon after excision of SCC. Supportive wound care is required, including infection control, pain management, lymphedema management, and frequent inspection for new lesions. Absorbent antimicrobial dressings are useful in preventing secondary infections, in managing drainage, and in preventing further skin maceration at the wound site. […] In summary, SCC can be either cutaneous or from a deeper malignancy. Early diagnosis and treatment is critical in order to prevent metastasis to the lymphatic system and deeper tissues.
  • #67 Skin cancer types: Squamous cell carcinoma treatment
    https://www.aad.org/diseases/skin-cancer/squamous-cell-carcinoma-treatment
    Radiation therapy may be given as a second type of treatment when there is a high risk that the cancer will spread. In this case, radiation therapy often follows surgical removal. […] Palliative care: Rather than treating the cancer, this care offers relief from the symptoms or stress of having cancer. […] When found early, this cancer is highly treatable. Left untreated, however, the cancer can spread deep into the skin and travel to other parts of the body, making treatment difficult. […] While treatment can remove the cancer, its important to know that this cancer can return. You also have a greater risk of developing another skin cancer. That’s why it’s so important to see your dermatologist for routine full-body skin exams.
  • #68 Guidelines of care for the management of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma
    https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC6652228/
    The recommendations for nonsurgical treatments are shown in Table X. […] The risk for metastasis in cSCC is reported to be approximately 4%. […] Among immunosuppressed individuals, particularly for SOTRs, the metastatic risk may be 2 to 3 times higher. […] The available literature on management of intransit and lymph node metastases is largely limited to retrospective reviews and case series of patients with head and neck cSCC. […] For patients with advanced disease, it is also appropriate to provide or refer to best supportive and palliative care to optimize symptom management and maximize quality of life. […] Once an cSCC has been diagnosed, in-office screening for new primary skin cancers, including BCC, cSCC, and melanoma, should be performed at least once per year, adjusting frequency on the basis of individual patient risk.
  • #69 Malignant Wounds – Squamous Cell Carcinoma (SCC) | AccessMedicine Network
    https://www.accessmedicinenetwork.com/posts/malignant-wounds-squamous-cell-carcinoma-scc
    This type of SCC is usually very aggressive and requires excision beyond its margins in addition to radiation therapy. […] Diagnosis of SCC is made with a sufficiently deep-shave biopsy. Smaller, low-risk SCCs are treated with surgical excision, electrodessication and curettage, or cryotherapy; larger, high-risk lesions are best treated with Mohs micrographic surgery which has the highest overall cure rate. […] Because of the chemotherapy and radiation of affected tissue, wounds are not uncommon after excision of SCC. Supportive wound care is required, including infection control, pain management, lymphedema management, and frequent inspection for new lesions. Absorbent antimicrobial dressings are useful in preventing secondary infections, in managing drainage, and in preventing further skin maceration at the wound site. […] In summary, SCC can be either cutaneous or from a deeper malignancy. Early diagnosis and treatment is critical in order to prevent metastasis to the lymphatic system and deeper tissues.
  • #70 Guidelines of care for the management of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma
    https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC6652228/
    The recommendations for nonsurgical treatments are shown in Table X. […] The risk for metastasis in cSCC is reported to be approximately 4%. […] Among immunosuppressed individuals, particularly for SOTRs, the metastatic risk may be 2 to 3 times higher. […] The available literature on management of intransit and lymph node metastases is largely limited to retrospective reviews and case series of patients with head and neck cSCC. […] For patients with advanced disease, it is also appropriate to provide or refer to best supportive and palliative care to optimize symptom management and maximize quality of life. […] Once an cSCC has been diagnosed, in-office screening for new primary skin cancers, including BCC, cSCC, and melanoma, should be performed at least once per year, adjusting frequency on the basis of individual patient risk.
  • #71 Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf
    https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK441939/
    Squamous cell carcinoma is the second most common skin malignancy in the United States, and its incidence steadily rises each year, posing a significant public health concern. […] Timely surveillance, early diagnosis, and prompt treatment are critical to minimize morbidity and mortality risks. […] Regular skin examinations and frequent follow-ups are recommended by healthcare providers, particularly for high-risk patients, to facilitate early detection and treatment, highlighting the importance of collaborative care for optimal management. […] This activity emphasizes the critical role of photoprotection in reducing the risk of developing cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma due to its strong association with UV radiation. Therefore, this activity underscores the importance of interprofessional collaboration among healthcare providers in counseling patients on preventive measures, such as practicing photoprotection through sun avoidance, using SPF 30 sunscreen, and wearing protective clothing and sunglasses.
  • #72
    https://www.accc-cancer.org/home/learn/cancer-types/skin-cancer/advanced-non-melanoma-skin-cancers/advanced-nmsc-practices
    Cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) is the second most common skin cancer in the U.S.; however, optimal identification and management of patients with high-risk features associated with recurrence or advanced cSCC can be complex and requires the expertise of multiple specialists. […] This publication maps out effective practices in multidisciplinary cSCC management. Included are three care models from regionally diverse cancer programs located in areas of high cSCC prevalence. […] One of the most important things that health care providers can do for patients with non-melanoma skin cancer is coordinate treatment. Multidisciplinary teams in non-melanoma skin cancer care can help determine the best care plan for each patient and improve the quality of care. […] In recognition of May as skin cancer awareness month, a disease that affects one in five Americans by 70 years of age, ACCC has developed new resources to support advanced skin cancer care.
  • #73 Squamous Cell Carcinoma | Symptoms & Treatment | MedStar Health
    https://www.medstarhealth.org/services/squamous-cell-carcinoma
    Squamous cell carcinoma is a slow-growing skin cancer that can develop in the top layer of the skin, called the epidermis. It often arises on parts of the body that are damaged from too much ultraviolet (UV) radiation exposure, like the head, face, neck, hands, and arms. It’s considered a nonmelanoma skin cancer, like basal cell carcinoma, and is easily curable when caught early. […] We understand that a skin cancer diagnosis can be unsettling, so we work quickly to plan the best possible treatment. We do this by uniting the strengths of our world-class doctors and healthcare professionals with expertise and training in different fields. Together, we determine the right approach for care that will lead to the most successful results, based on the latest research. While this type of cancer is often easy to treat, more advanced cases need the skill and experience only found at certain cancer centers like ours. Here, you’ll benefit from a complete range of treatment options, from Mohs surgery to breakthrough therapies offered in clinical trials through our research engine, Georgetown Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center.
  • #74
    https://www.accc-cancer.org/home/learn/cancer-types/skin-cancer/advanced-non-melanoma-skin-cancers/advanced-nmsc-practices
    Cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) is the second most common skin cancer in the U.S.; however, optimal identification and management of patients with high-risk features associated with recurrence or advanced cSCC can be complex and requires the expertise of multiple specialists. […] This publication maps out effective practices in multidisciplinary cSCC management. Included are three care models from regionally diverse cancer programs located in areas of high cSCC prevalence. […] One of the most important things that health care providers can do for patients with non-melanoma skin cancer is coordinate treatment. Multidisciplinary teams in non-melanoma skin cancer care can help determine the best care plan for each patient and improve the quality of care. […] In recognition of May as skin cancer awareness month, a disease that affects one in five Americans by 70 years of age, ACCC has developed new resources to support advanced skin cancer care.
  • #75 Squamous cell skin cancer Types, Symptoms and Diagnosis
    https://www.ahn.org/services/cancer/types/squamous-cell-skin-cancer
    Squamous cell skin cancer is the second most common type of skin cancer and has a higher risk of spreading. […] Squamous cell skin cancer (SCC) develops in the flat, thin cells that make up the outer layer of your skin. It is the second most common type of skin cancer after basal cell carcinoma but is generally more aggressive. […] Squamous cell skin cancer presents differently than other skin cancers. It often appears as a firm, red, scaly bump that might bleed or crust over and might feel sore or tender. It can also appear as an open sore or as a wart-like growth. […] AHN is here to treat your unique case with precision and care. […] At the AHN Cancer Institute, you’re never alone. We see you as not only a patient, but as a person who needs individualized treatment and care. This means you can expect care for your Squamous cell skin cancer treatment that is: Personalized: Our skilled team of dermatologists, oncologists, pathologists, and surgeons offer the latest targeted, minimally invasive surgeries or therapies pinpointed to the type of skin cancer you have.