Materiały źródłowe

• #1 Hashimoto Thyroiditis – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK459262/

  Hashimoto thyroiditis, also known as chronic autoimmune thyroiditis or chronic lymphocytic thyroiditis, is an autoimmune disease that leads to the destruction of thyroid follicular cells through immune-mediated processes. This autoimmune condition is the most common cause of hypothyroidism in developed countries and is characterized by the formation of antithyroid antibodies and T-cell activation, which result in progressive fibrosis of the thyroid gland. Individuals with Hashimoto thyroiditis present with varying thyroid function states, including euthyroidism, subclinical hypothyroidism, overt hypothyroidism, and, in some cases, transient hyperthyroidism. […] This activity for healthcare professionals is designed to enhance the learner’s competence in identifying Hashimoto thyroiditis, performing the recommended evaluation, and implementing an appropriate interprofessional approach when managing this condition.

• #2 Hypothyroidism: Diagnosis and Treatment | AAFP

  https://www.aafp.org/pubs/afp/issues/2021/0515/p605.html

  Clinical hypothyroidism occurs in 0.3% of the U.S. general population, with a higher prevalence in people older than 65 years. It is seven times more common in females than in males (40 out of 10,000 vs. six out of 10,000). Other risk factors include autoimmune disease (e.g., type 1 diabetes mellitus, celiac disease, autoimmune gastric atrophy, multiple autoimmune endocrinopathies), Down syndrome, and Turner syndrome. […] Clinical hypothyroidism complicates two to 10 per 1,000 pregnancies; Hashimoto thyroiditis is the most common cause. Untreated hypothyroidism can result in spontaneous abortion, preeclampsia, preterm birth, abruptio placentae, and fetal death. TSH should be evaluated in pregnant patients with symptoms of hypothyroidism, a goiter, a history of thyroid disease, TPO antibody positivity, or autoimmune disease. Patients with a TSH level greater than 2.5 mIU per L who are TPO antibody-positive have a higher risk of pregnancy-related complications, including preterm birth and pregnancy loss.

• #3 Hashimoto’s disease

  https://www.ito-hospital.jp/english/02_thyroid_disease/02_5_1about_hashimoto.html

  Hashimotos disease is characterized by chronic inflammation of the thyroid gland. It is also called chronic thyroiditis. Among thyroid diseases, Hashimotos disease is much more common in women than men, with a male-to-female ratio of between 1:20 and 1:30. Hashimotos disease is an autoimmune disorder. However, it is still not clear what triggers the autoimmune dysfunction. Inflammation due to an autoimmune disorder can cause thyroid swelling and lead to thyroid dysfunction. […] Not all patients with Hashimotos disease develop hypothyroidism. While chronic inflammation of the thyroid gland is Hashimotos disease, thyroid function may remain normal when inflammation is mild. However, if inflammation progresses, thyroid function worsens, leading to hypothyroidism. For patients with Hashimotos disease, approximately 10% have clear symptoms of hypothyroidism, 20% have asymptomatic mild hypothyroidism, and the remaining 70% have normal thyroid function.

• #4 Hashimoto Thyroiditis – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK459262/

  Hashimoto thyroiditis, also known as chronic autoimmune thyroiditis or chronic lymphocytic thyroiditis, is an autoimmune disease that leads to the destruction of thyroid follicular cells through immune-mediated processes. This autoimmune condition is the most common cause of hypothyroidism in developed countries and is characterized by the formation of antithyroid antibodies and T-cell activation, which result in progressive fibrosis of the thyroid gland. Individuals with Hashimoto thyroiditis present with varying thyroid function states, including euthyroidism, subclinical hypothyroidism, overt hypothyroidism, and, in some cases, transient hyperthyroidism. […] This activity for healthcare professionals is designed to enhance the learner’s competence in identifying Hashimoto thyroiditis, performing the recommended evaluation, and implementing an appropriate interprofessional approach when managing this condition.

• #5 Hashimoto’s Thyroiditis | American Thyroid Association

  https://www.thyroid.org/hashimotos-thyroiditis/

  Hashimotos thyroiditis is also known as chronic lymphocytic thyroiditis or autoimmune thyroiditis. It is an autoimmune disorder. This means you develop antibodies [thyroid peroxidase (TPO) and/or thyroglobulin (Tg) antibodies] that damage your thyroid gland. These antibodies cause inflammation in your thyroid gland. Over time, the inflammation can cause your thyroid gland to have trouble making enough thyroid hormone (hypothyroidism). […] In the United States, Hashimotos thyroiditis is the most common cause of hypothyroidism. […] Hashimotos thyroiditis often progresses very slowly over many years. You may not have any symptoms early on, even if thyroid antibodies are detected in your blood tests. […] If you have clinical hypothyroidism (elevated TSH and low thyroid hormone levels), treatment is thyroid hormone replacement with levothyroxine. Most people with hypothyroidism due to Hashimotos thyroiditis will need lifelong treatment with thyroid hormone replacement (levothyroxine).

• #6 Hashimoto’s Thyroiditis | American Thyroid Association

  https://www.thyroid.org/hashimotos-thyroiditis/

  Hashimotos thyroiditis is also known as chronic lymphocytic thyroiditis or autoimmune thyroiditis. It is an autoimmune disorder. This means you develop antibodies [thyroid peroxidase (TPO) and/or thyroglobulin (Tg) antibodies] that damage your thyroid gland. These antibodies cause inflammation in your thyroid gland. Over time, the inflammation can cause your thyroid gland to have trouble making enough thyroid hormone (hypothyroidism). […] In the United States, Hashimotos thyroiditis is the most common cause of hypothyroidism. […] Hashimotos thyroiditis often progresses very slowly over many years. You may not have any symptoms early on, even if thyroid antibodies are detected in your blood tests. […] If you have clinical hypothyroidism (elevated TSH and low thyroid hormone levels), treatment is thyroid hormone replacement with levothyroxine. Most people with hypothyroidism due to Hashimotos thyroiditis will need lifelong treatment with thyroid hormone replacement (levothyroxine).

• #7

  https://myhealth.alberta.ca/Health/aftercareinformation/pages/conditions.aspx?hwid=ut2702

  Hashimoto’s thyroiditis is a problem with the thyroid gland. The thyroid gland, which is in your neck, controls the way your body uses energy. Sometimes the disease causes the gland to make too much thyroid hormone (thyrotoxicosis). This can make you feel nervous, lose weight, and have many loose bowel movements. You may also have a fast heartbeat. […] But as the disease progresses, the gland usually does not make enough thyroid hormone. This can cause you to feel tired and have dry skin and thinning hair. Most people with Hashimoto’s are diagnosed when they have these symptoms. […] You may need to take medicine if you have symptoms or if your thyroid hormone level is not normal. Most people with Hashimoto’s thyroiditis need to take medicine for the rest of their lives. […] Follow-up care is a key part of your treatment and safety. Be sure to make and go to all appointments, and call your doctor or nurse advice line (811 in most provinces and territories) if you are having problems. It’s also a good idea to know your test results and keep a list of the medicines you take.

• #8 Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Hashimoto’s Thyroiditis | Free NURSING.com Courses

  https://nursing.com/lesson/nursing-care-plan-ncp-for-hashimotos-thyroiditis

  To provide nursing professionals with comprehensive knowledge and effective strategies for managing patients with Hashimotos Thyroiditis, focusing on understanding the condition, recognizing its symptoms, and implementing appropriate interventions for symptom management and patient education. […] Maintenance of euthyroid state with appropriate medication. […] Alleviation of symptoms associated with hypothyroidism, such as fatigue, weight gain, and cold intolerance. […] Patient understanding of the disease process and adherence to lifelong therapy. […] Monitoring and prevention of potential complications. […] Fatigue related to hypothyroidism due to Hashimotos Thyroiditis. […] Imbalanced Nutrition: More Than Body Requirements related to metabolic changes. […] Risk for Impaired Skin Integrity related to dry skin.

• #9 Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Hashimoto’s Thyroiditis | Free NURSING.com Courses

  https://nursing.com/lesson/nursing-care-plan-ncp-for-hashimotos-thyroiditis

  To provide nursing professionals with comprehensive knowledge and effective strategies for managing patients with Hashimotos Thyroiditis, focusing on understanding the condition, recognizing its symptoms, and implementing appropriate interventions for symptom management and patient education. […] Maintenance of euthyroid state with appropriate medication. […] Alleviation of symptoms associated with hypothyroidism, such as fatigue, weight gain, and cold intolerance. […] Patient understanding of the disease process and adherence to lifelong therapy. […] Monitoring and prevention of potential complications. […] Fatigue related to hypothyroidism due to Hashimotos Thyroiditis. […] Imbalanced Nutrition: More Than Body Requirements related to metabolic changes. […] Risk for Impaired Skin Integrity related to dry skin.

• #10 Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Hashimoto’s Thyroiditis | Free NURSING.com Courses

  https://nursing.com/lesson/nursing-care-plan-ncp-for-hashimotos-thyroiditis

  To provide nursing professionals with comprehensive knowledge and effective strategies for managing patients with Hashimotos Thyroiditis, focusing on understanding the condition, recognizing its symptoms, and implementing appropriate interventions for symptom management and patient education. […] Maintenance of euthyroid state with appropriate medication. […] Alleviation of symptoms associated with hypothyroidism, such as fatigue, weight gain, and cold intolerance. […] Patient understanding of the disease process and adherence to lifelong therapy. […] Monitoring and prevention of potential complications. […] Fatigue related to hypothyroidism due to Hashimotos Thyroiditis. […] Imbalanced Nutrition: More Than Body Requirements related to metabolic changes. […] Risk for Impaired Skin Integrity related to dry skin.

• #11 Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Hashimoto’s Thyroiditis | Free NURSING.com Courses

  https://nursing.com/lesson/nursing-care-plan-ncp-for-hashimotos-thyroiditis

  To provide nursing professionals with comprehensive knowledge and effective strategies for managing patients with Hashimotos Thyroiditis, focusing on understanding the condition, recognizing its symptoms, and implementing appropriate interventions for symptom management and patient education. […] Maintenance of euthyroid state with appropriate medication. […] Alleviation of symptoms associated with hypothyroidism, such as fatigue, weight gain, and cold intolerance. […] Patient understanding of the disease process and adherence to lifelong therapy. […] Monitoring and prevention of potential complications. […] Fatigue related to hypothyroidism due to Hashimotos Thyroiditis. […] Imbalanced Nutrition: More Than Body Requirements related to metabolic changes. […] Risk for Impaired Skin Integrity related to dry skin.

• #12 6 Hypothyroidism (Myxedema) Nursing Care Plans

  https://nurseslabs.com/hypothyroidism-nursing-care-plans/

  Hypothyroidism is a common endocrine disorder that can have a significant impact on a patients health. As a nurse, you play a crucial role in managing this condition and improving patient outcomes. With these nursing care plans, youll be better equipped to provide effective care for Hypothyroidism patients. […] The nursing care plan for clients with hypothyroidism includes providing information about disease process/prognosis and therapy needs, guiding the client to meet their nutritional requirement, planning activities with a rest period, and preventing complications. […] The following are the nursing priorities for patients with hypothyroidism: Perform assessments to identify signs and symptoms of hypothyroidism. Administer prescribed thyroid hormone replacement medications to patients. Monitor patients response to medication therapy. Educate patients about the importance of medication adherence and potential side effects. Assess and manage symptoms associated with hypothyroidism, such as fatigue, weight gain, and cold intolerance.

• #13 Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Hashimoto’s Thyroiditis | Free NURSING.com Courses

  https://nursing.com/lesson/nursing-care-plan-ncp-for-hashimotos-thyroiditis

  Knowledge Deficit related to the chronic nature of the disease and need for ongoing therapy. […] Medication Administration and Monitoring: Administer thyroid hormone replacement as prescribed and monitor for effectiveness and side effects. […] Adequate thyroid hormone replacement is essential to manage symptoms and prevent complications. […] Skin Care Guidance: Advise on skin care routines to manage dry skin. […] Proper skin care prevents skin breakdown and maintains skin integrity. […] Constipation Management: Provide dietary recommendations and encourage physical activity. […] Diet and exercise can help improve gastrointestinal motility and relieve constipation. […] Patient Education: Educate about the need for lifelong medication, regular thyroid function tests, and recognition of symptom changes.

• #14 Hashimoto’s disease – Diagnosis & treatment – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/hashimotos-disease/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20351860

  Once the best dosage is determined, you will continue to take the medication once a day. […] Because levothyroxine acts like natural T-4 in the body, there are generally no side effects as long as the treatment is resulting in „natural” levels of T-4 for your body. […] Too much thyroid hormone can worsen bone loss that causes weak, brittle bones (osteoporosis) or cause irregular heartbeats (arrhythmias). […] Talk to your doctor about any of the following: Soy products, High-fiber foods, Iron supplements, including multivitamins that contain iron, Cholestyramine (Prevalite), a medication used to lower blood cholesterol levels, Aluminum hydroxide, which is found in some antacids, Sucralfate, an ulcer medication, Calcium supplements. […] For people who need better symptom control, a doctor also may prescribe a synthetic T-3 hormone (Cytomel) or a synthetic T-4 and T-3 combination.

• #15 Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Hashimoto’s Thyroiditis | Free NURSING.com Courses

  https://nursing.com/lesson/nursing-care-plan-ncp-for-hashimotos-thyroiditis

  Knowledge Deficit related to the chronic nature of the disease and need for ongoing therapy. […] Medication Administration and Monitoring: Administer thyroid hormone replacement as prescribed and monitor for effectiveness and side effects. […] Adequate thyroid hormone replacement is essential to manage symptoms and prevent complications. […] Skin Care Guidance: Advise on skin care routines to manage dry skin. […] Proper skin care prevents skin breakdown and maintains skin integrity. […] Constipation Management: Provide dietary recommendations and encourage physical activity. […] Diet and exercise can help improve gastrointestinal motility and relieve constipation. […] Patient Education: Educate about the need for lifelong medication, regular thyroid function tests, and recognition of symptom changes.

• #16 Hypothyroidism and nursing care – American Nurse Today

  https://www.myamericannurse.com/hypothyroidism-nursing-care/

  Hypothyroidism, also known as myxedema, is second to diabetes mellitus as the most common endocrine disorder in the United States. […] This article reviews the pathophysiology of hypothyroidism, as well as its causes, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment, and nursing care. […] The most common cause of hypothyroidism is autoimmune thyroiditis, or Hashimotos thyroiditis; damage to the thyroid through surgery, ablation, or radiation treatment are less common causes. […] Teach patients about the many drug interactions with levothyroxine and about the importance of establishing a daily routine to help maintain even hormone levels. […] Levothyroxine should be taken on an empty stomach with water, at least 1 hour before eating. […] After beginning levothyroxine, symptom improvement can take up to 6 weeks, and dosing may need to be titrated, which is usually done at 3- to 6-week intervals. […] Your astute call enabled her to get the treatment she needed to improve her quality of life.

• #17 Hashimoto’s Thyroiditis: Care Instructions | Kaiser Permanente

  https://healthy.kaiserpermanente.org/health-wellness/health-encyclopedia/he.hashimoto’s-thyroiditis-care-instructions.ut2702

  Take your medicines exactly as prescribed. Call your doctor if you think you are having a problem with your medicine. You will get more details on the specific medicines your doctor prescribes. […] Watch closely for changes in your health, and be sure to contact your doctor if: You gain weight even though you are eating normally or less than usual. You feel extremely weak or tired. You have new changes in your skin, nails, or hair, or the changes get worse. You notice that your thyroid gland has grown or changed in size. You have constipation that is new or that gets worse. You cannot stand cold temperatures. You have heavy or irregular menstrual periods. You have other new symptoms.

• #18

  https://myhealth.alberta.ca/Health/aftercareinformation/pages/conditions.aspx?hwid=ut2702

  Take your medicines exactly as prescribed. Call your doctor or nurse advice line if you think you are having a problem with your medicine. You will get more details on the specific medicines your doctor prescribes. […] Watch closely for changes in your health, and be sure to contact your doctor or nurse advice line if: You gain weight even though you are eating normally or less than usual. You feel extremely weak or tired. You have new changes in your skin, nails, or hair, or the changes get worse. You notice that your thyroid gland has grown or changed in size. You have constipation that is new or that gets worse. You cannot stand cold temperatures. You have heavy or irregular menstrual periods. You have other new symptoms.

• #19 Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Hashimoto’s Thyroiditis | Free NURSING.com Courses

  https://nursing.com/lesson/nursing-care-plan-ncp-for-hashimotos-thyroiditis

  Understanding the disease process and treatment regimen ensures better compliance and early detection of complications. […] Cardiac Monitoring: Monitor heart rate and report significant changes. […] Early detection of cardiac abnormalities can prevent serious complications. […] This care plan provides a structured approach for managing Hashimotos Thyroiditis, emphasizing medication management, symptom relief, patient education, and emotional support. Tailoring these interventions to individual patient needs is crucial for effective management and quality of life improvement.

• #20 6 Hypothyroidism (Myxedema) Nursing Care Plans

  https://nurseslabs.com/hypothyroidism-nursing-care-plans/

  Goals and expected outcomes may include: The client will maintain a stable weight and takes in necessary nutrients. The client and family members will verbalize correct information about hypothyroidism and taking thyroid hormone replacement. The client will identify the basis of fatigue and individual areas of control. The client will verbalize a reduction of fatigue and increased ability to complete desired activities. […] Therapeutic interventions and nursing actions for patients with hypothyroidism may include: Assess the clients weight. Due to excess fluid volume and low basal metabolic rate, clients with hypothyroidism experience weight gain and difficulty losing extra weight. Assess the clients appetite. Clients with hypothyroidism have decreased appetite. This opposite relationship between weight gain and decreased appetite is a manifestation finding in hypothyroidism. Provide a food diary to the client. Looking into the clients food intake over the 24 hours will provide baseline data for an individualized nutritional plan for the clients changing metabolic needs. Educate the client and family regarding body weight changes in hypothyroidism. Teaching the client and family will make them understand the opposite relationship between appetite and weight gain in hypothyroidism. During the start of thyroid hormone replacement therapy, the client can experience loss of weight. However, there will be an increase in appetite. This change may require a calorie-controlled diet to prevent additional weight gain. Collaborate with a dietician to determine clients caloric needs. The dietician can calculate the appropriate caloric requirements to maintain nutrient intake and achieve a stable weight. Encourage the client to eat six small meals throughout the day. This will make sure that the client has an adequate intake of nutrients in the client with decreased energy levels. Provide assistance and encouragement as needed during mealtime. Due to a decrease in energy levels, the client will need support to ensure an adequate intake of essential nutrients. Encourage the intake of foods rich in fiber. Hypothyroidism slows the action of the digestive tract causing constipation. Encourage the client to follow a low-cholesterol, low-calorie, low-saturated-fat diet. When thyroid hormone levels are low, the body doesnt break down and remove bad cholesterol as efficiently as usual; Also, since the client has a slow metabolism, he/she requires fewer calories to support the metabolic need.

• #21 6 Hypothyroidism (Myxedema) Nursing Care Plans

  https://nurseslabs.com/hypothyroidism-nursing-care-plans/

  Goals and expected outcomes may include: The client will maintain a stable weight and takes in necessary nutrients. The client and family members will verbalize correct information about hypothyroidism and taking thyroid hormone replacement. The client will identify the basis of fatigue and individual areas of control. The client will verbalize a reduction of fatigue and increased ability to complete desired activities. […] Therapeutic interventions and nursing actions for patients with hypothyroidism may include: Assess the clients weight. Due to excess fluid volume and low basal metabolic rate, clients with hypothyroidism experience weight gain and difficulty losing extra weight. Assess the clients appetite. Clients with hypothyroidism have decreased appetite. This opposite relationship between weight gain and decreased appetite is a manifestation finding in hypothyroidism. Provide a food diary to the client. Looking into the clients food intake over the 24 hours will provide baseline data for an individualized nutritional plan for the clients changing metabolic needs. Educate the client and family regarding body weight changes in hypothyroidism. Teaching the client and family will make them understand the opposite relationship between appetite and weight gain in hypothyroidism. During the start of thyroid hormone replacement therapy, the client can experience loss of weight. However, there will be an increase in appetite. This change may require a calorie-controlled diet to prevent additional weight gain. Collaborate with a dietician to determine clients caloric needs. The dietician can calculate the appropriate caloric requirements to maintain nutrient intake and achieve a stable weight. Encourage the client to eat six small meals throughout the day. This will make sure that the client has an adequate intake of nutrients in the client with decreased energy levels. Provide assistance and encouragement as needed during mealtime. Due to a decrease in energy levels, the client will need support to ensure an adequate intake of essential nutrients. Encourage the intake of foods rich in fiber. Hypothyroidism slows the action of the digestive tract causing constipation. Encourage the client to follow a low-cholesterol, low-calorie, low-saturated-fat diet. When thyroid hormone levels are low, the body doesnt break down and remove bad cholesterol as efficiently as usual; Also, since the client has a slow metabolism, he/she requires fewer calories to support the metabolic need.

• #22 6 Hypothyroidism (Myxedema) Nursing Care Plans

  https://nurseslabs.com/hypothyroidism-nursing-care-plans/

  Goals and expected outcomes may include: The client will maintain a stable weight and takes in necessary nutrients. The client and family members will verbalize correct information about hypothyroidism and taking thyroid hormone replacement. The client will identify the basis of fatigue and individual areas of control. The client will verbalize a reduction of fatigue and increased ability to complete desired activities. […] Therapeutic interventions and nursing actions for patients with hypothyroidism may include: Assess the clients weight. Due to excess fluid volume and low basal metabolic rate, clients with hypothyroidism experience weight gain and difficulty losing extra weight. Assess the clients appetite. Clients with hypothyroidism have decreased appetite. This opposite relationship between weight gain and decreased appetite is a manifestation finding in hypothyroidism. Provide a food diary to the client. Looking into the clients food intake over the 24 hours will provide baseline data for an individualized nutritional plan for the clients changing metabolic needs. Educate the client and family regarding body weight changes in hypothyroidism. Teaching the client and family will make them understand the opposite relationship between appetite and weight gain in hypothyroidism. During the start of thyroid hormone replacement therapy, the client can experience loss of weight. However, there will be an increase in appetite. This change may require a calorie-controlled diet to prevent additional weight gain. Collaborate with a dietician to determine clients caloric needs. The dietician can calculate the appropriate caloric requirements to maintain nutrient intake and achieve a stable weight. Encourage the client to eat six small meals throughout the day. This will make sure that the client has an adequate intake of nutrients in the client with decreased energy levels. Provide assistance and encouragement as needed during mealtime. Due to a decrease in energy levels, the client will need support to ensure an adequate intake of essential nutrients. Encourage the intake of foods rich in fiber. Hypothyroidism slows the action of the digestive tract causing constipation. Encourage the client to follow a low-cholesterol, low-calorie, low-saturated-fat diet. When thyroid hormone levels are low, the body doesnt break down and remove bad cholesterol as efficiently as usual; Also, since the client has a slow metabolism, he/she requires fewer calories to support the metabolic need.

• #23 Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Hashimoto’s Thyroiditis | Free NURSING.com Courses

  https://nursing.com/lesson/nursing-care-plan-ncp-for-hashimotos-thyroiditis

  Knowledge Deficit related to the chronic nature of the disease and need for ongoing therapy. […] Medication Administration and Monitoring: Administer thyroid hormone replacement as prescribed and monitor for effectiveness and side effects. […] Adequate thyroid hormone replacement is essential to manage symptoms and prevent complications. […] Skin Care Guidance: Advise on skin care routines to manage dry skin. […] Proper skin care prevents skin breakdown and maintains skin integrity. […] Constipation Management: Provide dietary recommendations and encourage physical activity. […] Diet and exercise can help improve gastrointestinal motility and relieve constipation. […] Patient Education: Educate about the need for lifelong medication, regular thyroid function tests, and recognition of symptom changes.

• #24 Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Hashimoto’s Thyroiditis | Free NURSING.com Courses

  https://nursing.com/lesson/nursing-care-plan-ncp-for-hashimotos-thyroiditis

  Knowledge Deficit related to the chronic nature of the disease and need for ongoing therapy. […] Medication Administration and Monitoring: Administer thyroid hormone replacement as prescribed and monitor for effectiveness and side effects. […] Adequate thyroid hormone replacement is essential to manage symptoms and prevent complications. […] Skin Care Guidance: Advise on skin care routines to manage dry skin. […] Proper skin care prevents skin breakdown and maintains skin integrity. […] Constipation Management: Provide dietary recommendations and encourage physical activity. […] Diet and exercise can help improve gastrointestinal motility and relieve constipation. […] Patient Education: Educate about the need for lifelong medication, regular thyroid function tests, and recognition of symptom changes.

• #25 Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Hashimoto’s Thyroiditis | Free NURSING.com Courses

  https://nursing.com/lesson/nursing-care-plan-ncp-for-hashimotos-thyroiditis

  Knowledge Deficit related to the chronic nature of the disease and need for ongoing therapy. […] Medication Administration and Monitoring: Administer thyroid hormone replacement as prescribed and monitor for effectiveness and side effects. […] Adequate thyroid hormone replacement is essential to manage symptoms and prevent complications. […] Skin Care Guidance: Advise on skin care routines to manage dry skin. […] Proper skin care prevents skin breakdown and maintains skin integrity. […] Constipation Management: Provide dietary recommendations and encourage physical activity. […] Diet and exercise can help improve gastrointestinal motility and relieve constipation. […] Patient Education: Educate about the need for lifelong medication, regular thyroid function tests, and recognition of symptom changes.

• #26 Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Hashimoto’s Thyroiditis | Free NURSING.com Courses

  https://nursing.com/lesson/nursing-care-plan-ncp-for-hashimotos-thyroiditis

  Knowledge Deficit related to the chronic nature of the disease and need for ongoing therapy. […] Medication Administration and Monitoring: Administer thyroid hormone replacement as prescribed and monitor for effectiveness and side effects. […] Adequate thyroid hormone replacement is essential to manage symptoms and prevent complications. […] Skin Care Guidance: Advise on skin care routines to manage dry skin. […] Proper skin care prevents skin breakdown and maintains skin integrity. […] Constipation Management: Provide dietary recommendations and encourage physical activity. […] Diet and exercise can help improve gastrointestinal motility and relieve constipation. […] Patient Education: Educate about the need for lifelong medication, regular thyroid function tests, and recognition of symptom changes.

• #27 Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Hashimoto’s Thyroiditis | Free NURSING.com Courses

  https://nursing.com/lesson/nursing-care-plan-ncp-for-hashimotos-thyroiditis

  Knowledge Deficit related to the chronic nature of the disease and need for ongoing therapy. […] Medication Administration and Monitoring: Administer thyroid hormone replacement as prescribed and monitor for effectiveness and side effects. […] Adequate thyroid hormone replacement is essential to manage symptoms and prevent complications. […] Skin Care Guidance: Advise on skin care routines to manage dry skin. […] Proper skin care prevents skin breakdown and maintains skin integrity. […] Constipation Management: Provide dietary recommendations and encourage physical activity. […] Diet and exercise can help improve gastrointestinal motility and relieve constipation. […] Patient Education: Educate about the need for lifelong medication, regular thyroid function tests, and recognition of symptom changes.

• #28 6 Hypothyroidism (Myxedema) Nursing Care Plans

  https://nurseslabs.com/hypothyroidism-nursing-care-plans/

  Hypothyroidism is a common endocrine disorder that can have a significant impact on a patients health. As a nurse, you play a crucial role in managing this condition and improving patient outcomes. With these nursing care plans, youll be better equipped to provide effective care for Hypothyroidism patients. […] The nursing care plan for clients with hypothyroidism includes providing information about disease process/prognosis and therapy needs, guiding the client to meet their nutritional requirement, planning activities with a rest period, and preventing complications. […] The following are the nursing priorities for patients with hypothyroidism: Perform assessments to identify signs and symptoms of hypothyroidism. Administer prescribed thyroid hormone replacement medications to patients. Monitor patients response to medication therapy. Educate patients about the importance of medication adherence and potential side effects. Assess and manage symptoms associated with hypothyroidism, such as fatigue, weight gain, and cold intolerance.

• #29 Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Hashimoto’s Thyroiditis | Free NURSING.com Courses

  https://nursing.com/lesson/nursing-care-plan-ncp-for-hashimotos-thyroiditis

  Understanding the disease process and treatment regimen ensures better compliance and early detection of complications. […] Cardiac Monitoring: Monitor heart rate and report significant changes. […] Early detection of cardiac abnormalities can prevent serious complications. […] This care plan provides a structured approach for managing Hashimotos Thyroiditis, emphasizing medication management, symptom relief, patient education, and emotional support. Tailoring these interventions to individual patient needs is crucial for effective management and quality of life improvement.

• #30 Autoimmune disease patients hit hurdles in diagnosis, costs and care : Shots – Health News : NPR

  https://www.npr.org/sections/health-shots/2023/11/18/1213946352/autoimmune-disease-patients-hit-hurdles-in-diagnosis-costs-and-care

  VanOrden, who has been active on Reddit, has this advice for other patients: „Don’t give up. Continue to advocate for yourself. Somewhere out there is a doctor who will listen to you.” […] Research of autoimmune thyroid disease gets little funding, so the underlying causes of immune dysfunction are not well studied, Henderson said.

• #31 Many Autoimmune Disease Patients Struggle With Diagnosis, Costs, Inattentive Care

  https://kffhealthnews.org/news/article/autoimmune-disease-patients-diagnosis-hurdles-thyroid-hashimoto/

  Research of autoimmune thyroid disease gets little funding, so the underlying causes of immune dysfunction are not well studied, Henderson said. […] The medical establishment hasnt fully recognized hard-to-treat hypothyroid patients, but increased acknowledgment of them and their symptoms would help fund research, Bianco said.

• #32 Hashimoto’s Thyroiditis Self Care – Dr. Izabella Wentz

  https://thyroidpharmacist.com/articles/hashimotos-self-care/

  Stress is almost always a precursor to autoimmunity! […] I had started to see the effects of stress beginning to take a toll on my body all of the diets and supplements in the world wont make up for your bodys response to constant stress. […] I forgot about the things I wanted to do, and all I thought about were things I needed to do (get a local bank account, cancel car insurance, answer emails, etc.). […] Because stress breaks us down and makes us susceptible to triggers that can cause a relapse of autoimmunity. […] I encourage you to practice self-care, whether its being a little nicer to yourself today or going out and getting a massage every day for the next month! You are worth it. Take time to care for yourself. […] I recommend self-management stress-reducing habits like mindfulness, yoga, and meditation.

• #33 Hashimoto Thyroiditis Treatment & Management: Approach Considerations, Pregnancy, Myxedema Coma

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/120937-treatment

  The treatment of choice for Hashimoto thyroiditis (or hypothyroidism from any cause) is thyroid hormone replacement. The drug of choice is orally administered levothyroxine sodium, usually for life. […] Tailor and titrate the dose of levothyroxine sodium to meet the individual patient’s requirements. The goal of therapy is to restore a clinically and biochemically euthyroid state. […] Patients younger than 50 years who have no history or evidence of cardiac disease can usually be started on full replacement doses. […] Start patients older than age 50 years and younger patients with cardiac disease on a low dose of 25 mcg (0.025 mg) per day, with clinical and biochemical reevaluation in 6-8 weeks. […] Elderly patients usually require a smaller replacement dose of levothyroxine, sometimes less than 1 mcg/kg lean body weight per day.

• #34 Hashimoto’s disease

  https://johnsonmemorial.org/jmh-health/disease-conditions/con-20164034

  Hashimoto’s disease is an autoimmune disorder affecting the thyroid gland. The primary treatment is thyroid hormone replacement. […] Most people with Hashimoto’s disease take medication to treat hypothyroidism. Hypothyroidism associated with Hashimoto’s disease is treated with a synthetic hormone called levothyroxine (Levoxyl, Synthroid, others). The treatment goal is to restore and maintain adequate T-4 hormone levels and improve symptoms of hypothyroidism. […] Your health care provider will determine a dosage of levothyroxine that’s appropriate for your age, weight, current thyroid production, other medical conditions and other factors. Your provider will retest your TSH levels about 6 to 10 weeks later and adjust the dosage as necessary. […] Because levothyroxine acts like natural T-4 in the body, there are generally no side effects as long as the treatment is resulting in „natural” levels of T-4 for your body.

• #35 Hashimoto’s disease – Diagnosis & treatment – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/hashimotos-disease/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20351860

  A number of conditions may lead to the signs and symptoms of Hashimoto’s disease. If you’re experiencing any of these symptoms, your health care provider will conduct a thorough physical exam, review your medical history and ask questions about your symptoms. […] To determine if Hashimoto’s disease is the cause of hypothyroidism, your health care provider will order an antibody test. […] Most people with Hashimoto’s disease take medication to treat hypothyroidism. […] Hypothyroidism associated with Hashimoto’s disease is treated with a synthetic hormone called levothyroxine (Levoxyl, Synthroid, others). […] The treatment goal is to restore and maintain adequate T-4 hormone levels and improve symptoms of hypothyroidism. You will need this treatment for the rest of your life. […] Your heath care provider will determine a dosage of levothyroxine that’s appropriate for your age, weight, current thyroid production, other medical conditions and other factors.

• #36 Patient Journey Thyroid – Planning and Treatment – Hashimoto’s Disease | American Association of Clinical Endocrinology

  https://www.aace.com/patient-journey/thyroid/planning-and-treatment/hashimotos-disease-treatment

  Treatment Monitoring […] How is your Hashimotos treatment monitored? […] If you start taking levothyroxine thyroid hormone medication for Hashimotos disease, your doctor will schedule regular blood tests to check on whether the dose youve been prescribed is right for you. Different people need different amounts of thyroid hormone, so determining your own personal just-right daily dose often requires monitoring and adjustment. […] Your doctor monitors your thyroid treatment by performing blood tests to measure the amount of TSH and T4 in your blood. Generally, doctors recommend blood tests about 6-8 weeks after you begin taking levothyroxine for Hashimotos. If your doctor needs to adjust your dose, they typically recommend another round of blood testing 6-8 weeks later. Dont be surprised if you need several dose adjustments to get to the right levothyroxine dose thats not unusual.

• #37 Hashimoto Thyroiditis Treatment & Management: Approach Considerations, Pregnancy, Myxedema Coma

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/120937-treatment

  The treatment of choice for Hashimoto thyroiditis (or hypothyroidism from any cause) is thyroid hormone replacement. The drug of choice is orally administered levothyroxine sodium, usually for life. […] Tailor and titrate the dose of levothyroxine sodium to meet the individual patient’s requirements. The goal of therapy is to restore a clinically and biochemically euthyroid state. […] Patients younger than 50 years who have no history or evidence of cardiac disease can usually be started on full replacement doses. […] Start patients older than age 50 years and younger patients with cardiac disease on a low dose of 25 mcg (0.025 mg) per day, with clinical and biochemical reevaluation in 6-8 weeks. […] Elderly patients usually require a smaller replacement dose of levothyroxine, sometimes less than 1 mcg/kg lean body weight per day.

• #38 Hashimoto Thyroiditis Treatment & Management: Approach Considerations, Pregnancy, Myxedema Coma

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/120937-treatment

  The treatment of choice for Hashimoto thyroiditis (or hypothyroidism from any cause) is thyroid hormone replacement. The drug of choice is orally administered levothyroxine sodium, usually for life. […] Tailor and titrate the dose of levothyroxine sodium to meet the individual patient’s requirements. The goal of therapy is to restore a clinically and biochemically euthyroid state. […] Patients younger than 50 years who have no history or evidence of cardiac disease can usually be started on full replacement doses. […] Start patients older than age 50 years and younger patients with cardiac disease on a low dose of 25 mcg (0.025 mg) per day, with clinical and biochemical reevaluation in 6-8 weeks. […] Elderly patients usually require a smaller replacement dose of levothyroxine, sometimes less than 1 mcg/kg lean body weight per day.

• #39 Patient Journey Thyroid – Planning and Treatment – Hashimoto’s Disease | American Association of Clinical Endocrinology

  https://www.aace.com/patient-journey/thyroid/planning-and-treatment/hashimotos-disease-treatment

  Treatment Monitoring […] How is your Hashimotos treatment monitored? […] If you start taking levothyroxine thyroid hormone medication for Hashimotos disease, your doctor will schedule regular blood tests to check on whether the dose youve been prescribed is right for you. Different people need different amounts of thyroid hormone, so determining your own personal just-right daily dose often requires monitoring and adjustment. […] Your doctor monitors your thyroid treatment by performing blood tests to measure the amount of TSH and T4 in your blood. Generally, doctors recommend blood tests about 6-8 weeks after you begin taking levothyroxine for Hashimotos. If your doctor needs to adjust your dose, they typically recommend another round of blood testing 6-8 weeks later. Dont be surprised if you need several dose adjustments to get to the right levothyroxine dose thats not unusual.

• #40 Hashimoto Thyroiditis Treatment & Management: Approach Considerations, Pregnancy, Myxedema Coma

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/120937-treatment

  Patients who have undergone bowel resection and have short-bowel syndrome (or malabsorption for any reason) often require increased doses of levothyroxine to maintain the euthyroid state. […] Consultation with an endocrinologist is recommended. […] Pregnancy induces a state of increased need for levothyroxine. […] Patients with hypothyroidism are best followed up by monitoring the TSH and free T4 levels. […] In pregnant patients with hypothyroidism who are undergoing levothyroxine treatment, a goal TSH of below 2.5 mIU/L during the first trimester is recommended, with less than 3 mIU/L being the goal during the second trimester, and less than 3.5 mIU/L representing the goal during the third trimester. […] Patients who are diagnosed with Hashimoto thyroiditis or hypothyroidism from any cause during pregnancy should be started on a levothyroxine dose close to their replacement requirement, and the TSH level should be normalized as soon as possible.

• #41 Patient Journey Thyroid – Planning and Treatment – Hashimoto’s Disease | American Association of Clinical Endocrinology

  https://www.aace.com/patient-journey/thyroid/planning-and-treatment/hashimotos-disease-treatment

  Once your doctor settles on a dose that brings your TSH and T4 into the normal range, they will likely recommend follow-up blood testing every 6-12 months to make sure your dosage stays on track long-term. […] What can you do to monitor your Hashimotos treatment? […] Blood tests can determine whether your levothyroxine dose is right for you. However, symptoms can also indicate whether your dosage is too high or too low. Let your doctor know if you start experiencing any of following side effects: […] Bowel movement changes (diarrhea or constipation) […] Changes in energy levels, sleep habits, or tiredness […] Changes in heart rate, including a pounding heart […] Feeling unusually cold or warm […] Feelings of depression, anxiety, or irritability […] Menstrual changes […] Muscle aches or weakness

• #42 Hashimoto’s disease – Diagnosis & treatment – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/hashimotos-disease/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20351860

  Once the best dosage is determined, you will continue to take the medication once a day. […] Because levothyroxine acts like natural T-4 in the body, there are generally no side effects as long as the treatment is resulting in „natural” levels of T-4 for your body. […] Too much thyroid hormone can worsen bone loss that causes weak, brittle bones (osteoporosis) or cause irregular heartbeats (arrhythmias). […] Talk to your doctor about any of the following: Soy products, High-fiber foods, Iron supplements, including multivitamins that contain iron, Cholestyramine (Prevalite), a medication used to lower blood cholesterol levels, Aluminum hydroxide, which is found in some antacids, Sucralfate, an ulcer medication, Calcium supplements. […] For people who need better symptom control, a doctor also may prescribe a synthetic T-3 hormone (Cytomel) or a synthetic T-4 and T-3 combination.

• #43 Hashimoto’s disease – Diagnosis & treatment – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/hashimotos-disease/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20351860

  Once the best dosage is determined, you will continue to take the medication once a day. […] Because levothyroxine acts like natural T-4 in the body, there are generally no side effects as long as the treatment is resulting in „natural” levels of T-4 for your body. […] Too much thyroid hormone can worsen bone loss that causes weak, brittle bones (osteoporosis) or cause irregular heartbeats (arrhythmias). […] Talk to your doctor about any of the following: Soy products, High-fiber foods, Iron supplements, including multivitamins that contain iron, Cholestyramine (Prevalite), a medication used to lower blood cholesterol levels, Aluminum hydroxide, which is found in some antacids, Sucralfate, an ulcer medication, Calcium supplements. […] For people who need better symptom control, a doctor also may prescribe a synthetic T-3 hormone (Cytomel) or a synthetic T-4 and T-3 combination.

• #44 Patient Journey Thyroid – Planning and Treatment – Hashimoto’s Disease | American Association of Clinical Endocrinology

  https://www.aace.com/patient-journey/thyroid/planning-and-treatment/hashimotos-disease-treatment

  Once your doctor settles on a dose that brings your TSH and T4 into the normal range, they will likely recommend follow-up blood testing every 6-12 months to make sure your dosage stays on track long-term. […] What can you do to monitor your Hashimotos treatment? […] Blood tests can determine whether your levothyroxine dose is right for you. However, symptoms can also indicate whether your dosage is too high or too low. Let your doctor know if you start experiencing any of following side effects: […] Bowel movement changes (diarrhea or constipation) […] Changes in energy levels, sleep habits, or tiredness […] Changes in heart rate, including a pounding heart […] Feeling unusually cold or warm […] Feelings of depression, anxiety, or irritability […] Menstrual changes […] Muscle aches or weakness

• #45 Hashimoto Thyroiditis Treatment & Management: Approach Considerations, Pregnancy, Myxedema Coma

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/120937-treatment

  Patients who have undergone bowel resection and have short-bowel syndrome (or malabsorption for any reason) often require increased doses of levothyroxine to maintain the euthyroid state. […] Consultation with an endocrinologist is recommended. […] Pregnancy induces a state of increased need for levothyroxine. […] Patients with hypothyroidism are best followed up by monitoring the TSH and free T4 levels. […] In pregnant patients with hypothyroidism who are undergoing levothyroxine treatment, a goal TSH of below 2.5 mIU/L during the first trimester is recommended, with less than 3 mIU/L being the goal during the second trimester, and less than 3.5 mIU/L representing the goal during the third trimester. […] Patients who are diagnosed with Hashimoto thyroiditis or hypothyroidism from any cause during pregnancy should be started on a levothyroxine dose close to their replacement requirement, and the TSH level should be normalized as soon as possible.

• #46 Hypothyroidism: Diagnosis and Treatment | AAFP

  https://www.aafp.org/pubs/afp/issues/2021/0515/p605.html

  Clinical hypothyroidism occurs in 0.3% of the U.S. general population, with a higher prevalence in people older than 65 years. It is seven times more common in females than in males (40 out of 10,000 vs. six out of 10,000). Other risk factors include autoimmune disease (e.g., type 1 diabetes mellitus, celiac disease, autoimmune gastric atrophy, multiple autoimmune endocrinopathies), Down syndrome, and Turner syndrome. […] Clinical hypothyroidism complicates two to 10 per 1,000 pregnancies; Hashimoto thyroiditis is the most common cause. Untreated hypothyroidism can result in spontaneous abortion, preeclampsia, preterm birth, abruptio placentae, and fetal death. TSH should be evaluated in pregnant patients with symptoms of hypothyroidism, a goiter, a history of thyroid disease, TPO antibody positivity, or autoimmune disease. Patients with a TSH level greater than 2.5 mIU per L who are TPO antibody-positive have a higher risk of pregnancy-related complications, including preterm birth and pregnancy loss.

• #47 Thyroid disease: Long-term management of hyperthyroidism and hypothyroidism

  https://www1.racgp.org.au/ajgp/2021/january-february/thyroid-disease-long-term-management-of-hyperthyro

  Because many symptoms of hypothyroidism are nonspecific, patients often think that their LT4 dose is inadequate, such as when they feel excessively tired or gain weight. This can lead to an individual requesting an LT4 dose escalation or self-escalating their dose, causing a suppressed serum TSH level. […] The risk for low bone density and fractures is also elevated in postmenopausal women taking excessive LT4. […] Patients with overt hypothyroidism should generally have the LT4 dose adjusted to achieve a normal TSH level to avoid these potential adverse effects. […] Thyroxine production increases early in gestation by 25-50% in response to human chorionic gonadotrophin (hCG) stimulation of the normal thyroid gland and increased oestrogen-stimulated synthesis of thyroid hormone-binding proteins. Accordingly, patients with hypothyroidism who are maintained on LT4 therapy should increase the dosage of their medication initially by approximately 25% as soon as pregnancy has been confirmed. […] Females with a history of thyroiditis should be encouraged to have TSH checked prior to attempting conception and during the first trimester of pregnancy as they are at risk of developing hypothyroidism during pregnancy.

• #48 Hypothyroidism: Diagnosis and Treatment | AAFP

  https://www.aafp.org/pubs/afp/issues/2021/0515/p605.html

  Clinical hypothyroidism occurs in 0.3% of the U.S. general population, with a higher prevalence in people older than 65 years. It is seven times more common in females than in males (40 out of 10,000 vs. six out of 10,000). Other risk factors include autoimmune disease (e.g., type 1 diabetes mellitus, celiac disease, autoimmune gastric atrophy, multiple autoimmune endocrinopathies), Down syndrome, and Turner syndrome. […] Clinical hypothyroidism complicates two to 10 per 1,000 pregnancies; Hashimoto thyroiditis is the most common cause. Untreated hypothyroidism can result in spontaneous abortion, preeclampsia, preterm birth, abruptio placentae, and fetal death. TSH should be evaluated in pregnant patients with symptoms of hypothyroidism, a goiter, a history of thyroid disease, TPO antibody positivity, or autoimmune disease. Patients with a TSH level greater than 2.5 mIU per L who are TPO antibody-positive have a higher risk of pregnancy-related complications, including preterm birth and pregnancy loss.

• #49 Breastfeeding and Thyroidism – La Leche League International

  https://llli.org/breastfeeding-info/breastfeeding-and-thyroidism/

  The most common form is Hashimoto’s disease. […] Thyroid hormone replacement is a common form of treatment especially during pregnancy and breastfeeding. […] Mothers with hypothyroidism are at risk for delayed or insufficient milk production. […] Thyroid issues often cause difficulty with milk supply and with milk removal. […] Regular follow-up with physician, regular screening for hypothyroidism in first year. […] Important to work on improving milk removal. […] Pitocine/oxytocin nasal spray – may provide the extra hormone needed to eject milk. […] Galactagogues – effective only if milk can be removed and thyroid levels are in balance, then can be useful as supportive treatment. […] Continue with any thyroid medications as prescribed. […] Check thyroid levels frequently to maintain levels at the upper part of the normal range.

• #50 Hashimoto’s disease – Symptoms & causes – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/hashimotos-disease/symptoms-causes/syc-20351855

  Hashimoto’s disease is an autoimmune disorder affecting the thyroid gland. The primary treatment is thyroid hormone replacement. […] Signs and symptoms of Hashimoto’s disease vary widely and are not specific to the disorder. Because these symptoms could result from any number of disorders, it’s important to see your health care provider as soon as possible for a timely and accurate diagnosis. […] Thyroid hormones are essential for the healthy function of many body systems. Therefore, when Hashimoto’s disease and hypothyroidism are left untreated, many complications can occur.

• #51 Special Populations

  https://www.nursingcenter.com/clinical-resources/nursing-pocket-cards/understanding-hypothyroidism-and-hyperthyroidism

  Hypothyroidism results in the slowing down of many physical and mental processes. Myxedema coma, the decompensated severe form of hypothyroidism, is a medical emergency that warrants immediate treatment with thyroid hormone and intensive care unit admission (Ross, 2024a). […] Causes of Hypothyroidism include Hashimoto disease (autoimmune thyroiditis). […] Neurologic: mild cognitive impairment, Hashimoto encephalopathy, myxedema coma. […] Inform patient that thyroid replacement treatment will likely continue for life. […] Screen patients with depression, anxiety, and cognitive problems for thyroid disease.

• #52 Med-Surg Nursing: Hypothyroidism & Myxedema Coma – LevelUpRN

  https://leveluprn.com/blogs/medical-surgical-nursing/endocrine-system-14-hypothyroidism-myxedema-coma?srsltid=AfmBOoomRgEaHbRI-_lJ0Bi86I2KSzprcdccyaJJ4xLOtIXF1JEPKd7w

  Hypothyroidism is a disease marked by inadequate production of T3 and T4, which are thyroid hormones from the thyroid gland. […] The leading cause of primary hypothyroidism is Hashimotos disease. […] Hashimotos disease, also called chronic lymphocytic thyroiditis, is an autoimmune disorder that causes antibodies to attack and destroy the thyroid tissue. […] For patients with hypothyroidism there are some nursing care and patient teaching tactics you can employ. Encourage frequent rest periods (to help with their lethargy). Encourage a low-calorie, high-fiber diet to promote weight loss and prevent constipation. Increase the patient’s room temperature and provide blankets (to help with their cold intolerance). […] In terms of nursing care priorities, we’re going to want to maintain a patent airway, right? So our ABC priorities, airway is most important. There’s a chance that this patient will need to be intubated and receive mechanical ventilation, so you’re going to want to assist with that. Monitor the patient’s cardiac rhythm. Administer large doses of thyroid medications, like the aforementioned levothyroxine, as ordered. And you will need to warm this patient, since they have hypothermia with this condition.

• #53 Hashimoto Thyroiditis Treatment & Management: Approach Considerations, Pregnancy, Myxedema Coma

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/120937-treatment

  Therapy should be conducted in an acute care unit, where patients may require the following: Ventilatory support for hypoventilation and carbon dioxide retention, Electrocardiographic monitoring and a Swan-Ganz catheter for hemodynamic monitoring, Judicious rewarming to avoid excessive vasodilatation, which would increase oxygen consumption and could lead to worsening of hypotension and vascular collapse, Steroids, preferably hydrocortisone in stress doses, Treatment of infection or any other precipitating causes, Fluid restriction with or without hypertonic saline and Lasix to promote water diuresis, Levothyroxine. […] Upon the initiation of the levothyroxine replacement therapy, check thyroid function tests, specifically TSH, initially every 6-8 weeks as dose adjustments are made. […] Follow-up care should include clinical evaluation for symptoms of hypothyroidism or iatrogenic hyperthyroidism.

• #54 Hashimoto Thyroiditis – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK459262/

  The mainstay of treatment for hypothyroidism that develops due to Hashimoto thyroiditis is thyroid hormone replacement. The drug of choice is titrated levothyroxine sodium administered orally, which has a half-life of 7 days and can be given daily. […] Some experts will recommend initiating levothyroxine in women with TSH 2.5 with or without a history of pregnancy loss and in women using assisted reproductive measures. […] Maintenance of normal iron and vitamin D levels might improve thyroid function and reduce antibodies in Hashimoto thyroiditis. Selenium supplementation can be considered in individuals with autoimmune thyroid living in areas with selenium-deficient soil. […] Effective management of Hashimoto thyroiditis requires a collaborative, interprofessional approach to ensure patient-centered care, improve outcomes, and enhance patient safety. […] By fostering teamwork and prioritizing comprehensive, patient-centered care, the healthcare team can effectively manage Hashimoto thyroiditis as a lifelong condition, ensuring that patients receive the necessary support to maintain thyroid function and overall well-being.

• #55 Hashimoto’s Thyroiditis | Cooper University Health Care

  https://www.cooperhealth.org/services/hashimotos-thyroiditis

  Hashimotos thyroiditis, also called Hashimotos disease, chronic lymphocytic thyroiditis, or autoimmune thyroiditis, is an autoimmune disorder that causes hypothyroidism, or an underactive thyroid. […] If Hashimotos disease has damaged your thyroid enough to cause hypothyroidism, treatment involves taking a synthetic hormone in daily pill form to replace the hormone that your thyroid can no longer make. […] Because Hashimotos thyroiditis can be confused with other medical conditions and be challenging to diagnose, its important to see an endocrinology specialist for a timely, accurate diagnosis and appropriate treatment. […] A multidisciplinary team approach to care Because Hashimotos disease can affect multiple body systems, including the heart, digestion and cognition, effective care can require many specialists.

• #56 Endocrinology – Hypothyroidism and Hashimoto’s Disease | Endocrinology | Patient Care | Montefiore Einstein

  https://montefioreeinstein.org/patient-care/services/endocrinology/thyroid-program/diseases-conditions/hypothyroidism-hashimotos

  Hashimoto’s disease, also known as Hashimoto’s thyroiditis or chronic lymphocytic thyroiditis, is the most common cause of hypothyroidism in the United States. […] Those with Hashimoto’s disease may also develop a goiter and subsequent bulging neck. […] In the case of Hashimoto’s, this approach usually alleviates the goiter condition, when present. However, if the goiter does not improve and is causing other problems such as pain or difficulty swallowing, breathing or speaking, surgery to remove it may be required.

• #57 Hashimoto’s Thyroiditis | Cooper University Health Care

  https://www.cooperhealth.org/services/hashimotos-thyroiditis

  Hashimotos thyroiditis, also called Hashimotos disease, chronic lymphocytic thyroiditis, or autoimmune thyroiditis, is an autoimmune disorder that causes hypothyroidism, or an underactive thyroid. […] If Hashimotos disease has damaged your thyroid enough to cause hypothyroidism, treatment involves taking a synthetic hormone in daily pill form to replace the hormone that your thyroid can no longer make. […] Because Hashimotos thyroiditis can be confused with other medical conditions and be challenging to diagnose, its important to see an endocrinology specialist for a timely, accurate diagnosis and appropriate treatment. […] A multidisciplinary team approach to care Because Hashimotos disease can affect multiple body systems, including the heart, digestion and cognition, effective care can require many specialists.

• #58 Hashimoto’s Disease: What It Is, Symptoms & Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/17665-hashimotos-disease

  Hashimotos disease is treatable with medication. […] If Hashimotos disease leads to hypothyroidism, the go-to treatment is a medication called levothyroxine. Its a synthetic (manufactured) form of the hormone T4 that your thyroid makes. […] This medication helps restore the normal levels of thyroid hormone your body needs. You’ll need to take it every day for the rest of your life. […] Eating well and having a healthy lifestyle exercising, sleeping well and managing stress can help your immune system. But no matter what, you’ll need to keep taking your medications if you have hypothyroidism. […] The good news is that Hashimotos disease is a manageable and treatable condition. If you’re experiencing symptoms of Hashimotos or have certain risk factors, such as a family history of thyroid disease, be sure to contact your healthcare provider.

• #59 Hashimoto’s Thyroiditis Self Care – Dr. Izabella Wentz

  https://thyroidpharmacist.com/articles/hashimotos-self-care/

  While I was searching for the root cause of my Hashimotos, I began to take on excellent self-care methods. […] I made an effort to reduce the stress in my life and put myself in a positive healing mind frame. […] I stopped feeling bad for putting my own needs before the needs of other people and began to dive into research, journal and started doing yoga five days per week. […] I stopped stressing myself out at work and being an overachiever, and established firm boundaries and took advantage of lunches, breaks, days off, flex time, working from home, and the companys policy that allowed to schedule sick days. […] I stopped feeling bad for spending money on myself and fully invested in my health. […] I dove into more innovative research and implemented it. My body was ever so grateful for taking care of it, and my Hashimotos went into remission.

• #60 Hashimoto Diet: Overview, Foods, Supplements, and Tips

  https://www.healthline.com/nutrition/hashimoto-diet

  Lactose intolerance is very common among people with Hashimotos thyroiditis. […] If you suspect lactose intolerance, cutting out dairy may aid digestive issues, as well as thyroid function and medication absorption. […] Inflammation may be a driving force behind Hashimotos thyroiditis. […] A study of 218 women with Hashimotos thyroiditis found that markers of oxidative stress a condition that causes chronic inflammation were lower in those who ate fruits and vegetables more frequently. […] Following a diet low in added sugar and highly processed foods but rich in whole, nutrient-dense foods may help improve ones health, manage ones weight, and reduce Hashimotos-related symptoms. […] Several supplements may help lower inflammation and thyroid antibodies in people with Hashimotos thyroiditis.

• #61 Hashimoto Diet: Overview, Foods, Supplements, and Tips

  https://www.healthline.com/nutrition/hashimoto-diet

  If you have Hashimotos thyroiditis, a nutrient-dense diet may help reduce the severity of your symptoms and improve your overall health. […] Eliminating or restricting the following foods may help reduce Hashimotos symptoms and improve your overall health. […] A study done in 60 women with Hashimotos found that engaging in stress reduction practices helped to reduce their depression and anxiety, improve overall quality of life, and lower thyroid antibodies. […] As Hashimotos symptoms may significantly affect your quality of life and mental health, be sure to find a healthcare team that you trust.

• #62 Many Autoimmune Disease Patients Struggle With Diagnosis, Costs, Inattentive Care

  https://kffhealthnews.org/news/article/autoimmune-disease-patients-diagnosis-hurdles-thyroid-hashimoto/

  After years of debilitating bouts of fatigue, Beth VanOrden finally thought she had an answer to her problems in 2016 when she was diagnosed with Hashimotos disease, an autoimmune disorder. […] Theres no cure for Hashimotos or hypothyroidism. But VanOrden, who lives in Athens, Texas, started taking levothyroxine, a much-prescribed synthetic thyroid hormone used to treat common symptoms, like fatigue, weight gain, hair loss, and sensitivity to cold. […] Most patients do well on levothyroxine and their symptoms resolve. Yet for others, like VanOrden, the drug is not as effective. […] For her, that meant floating from doctor to doctor, test to test, and treatment to treatment, spending about $5,000 a year. […] Patients feel dismissed, Elizabeth McAninch, an endocrinologist and thyroid expert at Stanford University, said of some patients who come to her for help.

• #63 Autoimmune disease patients hit hurdles in diagnosis, costs and care : Shots – Health News : NPR

  https://www.npr.org/sections/health-shots/2023/11/18/1213946352/autoimmune-disease-patients-hit-hurdles-in-diagnosis-costs-and-care

  After years of debilitating bouts of fatigue, Beth VanOrden finally thought she had an answer to her problems in 2016 when she was diagnosed with Hashimoto’s disease, an autoimmune disorder. […] For her and millions of other Americans, that’s the most common cause of hypothyroidism, a condition in which the thyroid, a butterfly-shaped gland in the neck, doesn’t produce enough of the hormones needed for the body to regulate metabolism. […] There’s no cure for Hashimoto’s or hypothyroidism. But VanOrden, who lives in Athens, Texas, started taking levothyroxine, a much-prescribed synthetic thyroid hormone used to treat common symptoms, like fatigue, weight gain, hair loss, and sensitivity to cold. […] Most patients do well on levothyroxine and their symptoms resolve. Yet for others, like VanOrden, the drug is not as effective.

• #64 Hashimoto’s Disease: 9 Things Doctors Want You to Know

  https://resources.healthgrades.com/right-care/thyroid-disorders/hashimotos-disease-9-things-doctors-want-you-to-know

  1. „Knowing you are at risk can help you keep an eye out for symptoms so you can see your doctor if they occur.” […] „But they can help you manage the disease and prevent complications.” […] 2. „If you have several of these symptoms, if they continue, or if they don’t seem likely to be caused by anything else, see your doctor to check for possible thyroid problems, she advises.” […] 3. „After you get a Hashimoto’s disease diagnosis (usually following a physical exam and blood tests), your doctor likely will prescribe a medicine—levothyroxine—to replace your thyroid hormone.” […] 4. „If you are trying to have a baby or are already pregnant, you need to make sure your thyroid levels are adequate and stable.” […] 5. „Check with your doctor if you have any questions about supplements so that you don’t take anything that’s unnecessary—or even harmful.” […] 6. „Dr. Jonklaas says sometimes people with hypothyroidism stop taking their medication—apparently not realizing that 'most cases of hyperthyroidism are lifelong and do not resolve by themselves.'”

• #65 Many Autoimmune Disease Patients Struggle With Diagnosis, Costs, Inattentive Care

  https://kffhealthnews.org/news/article/autoimmune-disease-patients-diagnosis-hurdles-thyroid-hashimoto/

  Some patients become angry when their symptoms dont respond to standard treatments, either levothyroxine or that drug in combination with another hormone, said Douglas Ross, an endocrinologist at Massachusetts General Hospital in Boston. […] Doctors did not recommend thyroid hormone medication for the Huntsville, Alabama, resident diagnosed with Hashimotos after years of fatigue and weight gain because her levels appeared normal. […] And health insurers typically deny coverage of novel hypothyroidism treatments, said Brittany Henderson, an endocrinologist and founder of the Charleston Thyroid Center in South Carolina, which sees patients from all 50 states. […] VanOrden, who has been active on Reddit, has this advice for other patients: Dont give up. Continue to advocate for yourself.

• #66 Many Autoimmune Disease Patients Struggle With Diagnosis, Costs, Inattentive Care

  https://kffhealthnews.org/news/article/autoimmune-disease-patients-diagnosis-hurdles-thyroid-hashimoto/

  After years of debilitating bouts of fatigue, Beth VanOrden finally thought she had an answer to her problems in 2016 when she was diagnosed with Hashimotos disease, an autoimmune disorder. […] Theres no cure for Hashimotos or hypothyroidism. But VanOrden, who lives in Athens, Texas, started taking levothyroxine, a much-prescribed synthetic thyroid hormone used to treat common symptoms, like fatigue, weight gain, hair loss, and sensitivity to cold. […] Most patients do well on levothyroxine and their symptoms resolve. Yet for others, like VanOrden, the drug is not as effective. […] For her, that meant floating from doctor to doctor, test to test, and treatment to treatment, spending about $5,000 a year. […] Patients feel dismissed, Elizabeth McAninch, an endocrinologist and thyroid expert at Stanford University, said of some patients who come to her for help.

• #67 Many Autoimmune Disease Patients Struggle With Diagnosis, Costs, Inattentive Care

  https://kffhealthnews.org/news/article/autoimmune-disease-patients-diagnosis-hurdles-thyroid-hashimoto/

  After years of debilitating bouts of fatigue, Beth VanOrden finally thought she had an answer to her problems in 2016 when she was diagnosed with Hashimotos disease, an autoimmune disorder. […] Theres no cure for Hashimotos or hypothyroidism. But VanOrden, who lives in Athens, Texas, started taking levothyroxine, a much-prescribed synthetic thyroid hormone used to treat common symptoms, like fatigue, weight gain, hair loss, and sensitivity to cold. […] Most patients do well on levothyroxine and their symptoms resolve. Yet for others, like VanOrden, the drug is not as effective. […] For her, that meant floating from doctor to doctor, test to test, and treatment to treatment, spending about $5,000 a year. […] Patients feel dismissed, Elizabeth McAninch, an endocrinologist and thyroid expert at Stanford University, said of some patients who come to her for help.

• #68 Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Hashimoto’s Thyroiditis | Free NURSING.com Courses

  https://nursing.com/lesson/nursing-care-plan-ncp-for-hashimotos-thyroiditis

  Understanding the disease process and treatment regimen ensures better compliance and early detection of complications. […] Cardiac Monitoring: Monitor heart rate and report significant changes. […] Early detection of cardiac abnormalities can prevent serious complications. […] This care plan provides a structured approach for managing Hashimotos Thyroiditis, emphasizing medication management, symptom relief, patient education, and emotional support. Tailoring these interventions to individual patient needs is crucial for effective management and quality of life improvement.

• #69 6 Hypothyroidism (Myxedema) Nursing Care Plans

  https://nurseslabs.com/hypothyroidism-nursing-care-plans/

  Fatigue is a common symptom of hypothyroidism due to the slower metabolic rate and reduced energy production in the body. Nursing care plans for hypothyroidism patients should consider this risk and focus on promoting rest and adequate sleep, conserving energy during activities of daily living, and optimizing thyroid hormone replacement therapy to improve energy levels and reduce fatigue. […] Patients with hypothyroidism often require lifelong medication management and lifestyle changes. The complexity of this chronic condition, coupled with potential cognitive effects such as fatigue and brain fog, can lead to a lack of knowledge regarding disease management and self-care. Therefore, nursing care plans for hypothyroidism patients should prioritize patient education to ensure they have a thorough understanding of their condition and treatment plan.

• #70 6 Hypothyroidism (Myxedema) Nursing Care Plans

  https://nurseslabs.com/hypothyroidism-nursing-care-plans/

  Adherence to treatment is crucial for optimal management of hypothyroidism. Patients should take their medication consistently and as prescribed. Skipping doses or stopping medication abruptly can disrupt hormone levels and lead to suboptimal treatment outcomes. It is essential for healthcare providers to educate patients about the importance of adherence and provide information about potential side effects or interactions with other medications. […] Assessing and monitoring for potential complications in patients with hypothyroidism is of utmost importance for ensuring their well-being and providing timely interventions. These measures are crucial for early detection, prevention of severe events, optimization of treatment, individualized care, and patient empowerment.

• #71 Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Hashimoto’s Thyroiditis | Free NURSING.com Courses

  https://nursing.com/lesson/nursing-care-plan-ncp-for-hashimotos-thyroiditis

  Understanding the disease process and treatment regimen ensures better compliance and early detection of complications. […] Cardiac Monitoring: Monitor heart rate and report significant changes. […] Early detection of cardiac abnormalities can prevent serious complications. […] This care plan provides a structured approach for managing Hashimotos Thyroiditis, emphasizing medication management, symptom relief, patient education, and emotional support. Tailoring these interventions to individual patient needs is crucial for effective management and quality of life improvement.

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