Materiały źródłowe

• #1 Anorexia Nervosa – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK459148/

  All-cause mortality is greater in anorexia nervosa compared to the rest of the population. It has one of the highest mortality rates of all eating disorders due to medical complications, substance abuse, and suicide. Patients with anorexia nervosa have increased rates of suicide, and this accounts for 25% of deaths associated with the disorder.

• #2 Why are eating disorders on the rise? | OHSU

  https://www.ohsu.edu/womens-health/why-are-eating-disorders-rise

  Eating disorders are more common than many think. According to the National Eating Disorder Association (NEDA), 28.8 million people in the United States will experience an eating disorder in their lifetime. They can affect anyone, regardless of age, race or gender. However, data shows eating disorders are twice as prevalent among females than males. Transgender and nonbinary people also experience eating disorders at higher rates. […] Eating disorders are now on the rise worldwide. Between 2000 and 2018, prevalence more than doubled (3.4% to 7.8% of all people). […] The most common types of eating disorders are anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa and binge eating disorder. Other eating disorders include Avoidant Restrictive Food Intake Disorder (ARFID) and orthrexia. These conditions can be serious and life-threatening. Of all mental health conditions, anorexia nervosa has the highest death rate. […] In March and April of 2020, the National Eating Disorders Association saw a 75% rise in messages to their helpline, compared to the same window the previous year.

• #3 Incidence, prevalence and mortality of anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8500372/

  To review the recent literature on the epidemiology of anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa in terms of incidence, prevalence and mortality. […] Although the overall incidence rate of anorexia nervosa is considerably stable over the past decades, the incidence among younger persons (aged 15 years) has increased. […] The lifetime prevalence rates of anorexia nervosa might be up to 4% among females and 0.3% among males. […] Anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa occur worldwide among females and males of all age groups and are associated with an increased mortality risk. […] The overall incidence rate of anorexia nervosa in Dutch females and males of all ages in primary care was fairly constant during three decades: in 1985-1989 it was 7.4 (95% CI 5.6-9.7) per 100000 person-years, in 1995-1999 7.8 (95% CI 6.0-10.1) and in 2005-2009 6.0 (95% CI 4.3-8.1).

• #4 Anorexia Nervosa – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK459148/

  Anorexia nervosa is more common in females than males. Onset is late adolescence and early adulthood. Lifetime prevalence is 0.3% to 1% (European studies have demonstrated a prevalence of 2% to 4%), irrespective of culture, ethnicity, and race. Risk factors for eating disorders include childhood obesity, female sex, mood disorders, personality traits (impulsivity and perfectionism), sexual abuse, or weight-related concerns from family or peer environments. […] Remission in anorexia nervosa varies. Three-fourths of patients treated in out-patient settings remit within five years and the same percentage experience intermediate-good outcomes, including weight gain. Relapse is more common in patients who are older with a longer duration of disease or lower body fat/weight at the end of treatment, have co-morbid psychiatric disorders, or receive therapy outside of a specialized clinic.

• #5 Anorexia nervosa – Wikipedia

  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anorexia_nervosa

  Anorexia is estimated to occur in 0.9% to 4.3% of women and 0.2% to 0.3% of men in Western countries at some point in their life. […] About 0.4% of young females are affected in a given year and it is estimated to occur three to ten times less commonly in males. […] The cause of this disparity is not well-established but is thought to be linked to both biological and socio-cultural factors. […] Rates in most of the developing world are unclear. […] Often it begins during the teen years or young adulthood. […] Medical students are a high risk group, with an overall estimated prevalence of 10.4% globally. […] The lifetime rate of atypical anorexia nervosa, a form of ED-NOS in which the person loses a significant amount of weight and is at risk for serious medical complications despite having a higher body-mass index, is much higher, at 5-12%.

• #6 Anorexia Nervosa: Practice Essentials, Background, Pathophysiology

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/912187-overview

  Anorexia nervosa is found in all developed countries and in all socioeconomic classes, occurring around the world at similar rates (0.3-1% in women, 0.10.3% in men). It is also found in developing countries such as China and Brazil. […] According to Mehler et al, certain groups are especially at risk for anorexia nervosa, including dancers, long-distance runners, skaters, models, actors, wrestlers, gymnasts, flight attendants, college sorority members, and others for whom thinness is emphasized and overly rewarded. […] In a European study, a 0.48% lifetime incidence of anorexia nervosa was reported among 21,425 respondents. […] The lifetime prevalence of anorexia nervosa in the United States is estimated to be 0.31%; however, some studies have shown rates as high as 4% among women. The rates among men are estimated at 0.10.3%. As many as 5% of young women exhibit symptoms of anorexia but do not meet the full diagnostic criteria, and some studies show disordered eating behavior in 13% of adolescent girls in the United States.

• #7 Anorexia Nervosa Facts & Statistics | Prevalence of Anorexia | Learn More

  https://www.therecoveryvillage.com/mental-health/anorexia/anorexia-statistics/

  Anorexia nervosa statistics reveal that its one of the most common eating disorders. […] The lifetime prevalence of anorexia is estimated to be 1% in women and less than 0.5% in men in high-income countries. In the U.S., the lifetime prevalence of anorexia is 0.80% in both men and women. […] Anorexia has been referred to as a Western condition since rates are much higher in Western countries than in middle or low-income countries. However, anorexia is becoming increasingly common worldwide as the internalization of the thin ideal becomes more prevalent internationally. […] Although anorexia in men is less common, rates are also higher among adolescent males than in other life stages. […] Symptoms of anorexia typically emerge for the first time in early to mid-adolescence. […] The average time of onset for anorexia is early to mid-adolescence, and anorexia in teens is thought to have some basis in the hormonal changes that occur during this time.

• #8 Eating Disorder Statistics – National Eating Disorders Association

  https://www.nationaleatingdisorders.org/statistics/

  9% of the US population, or 30 million Americans will have an eating disorder in their lifetime. […] The overall lifetime prevalence of eating disorders is estimated to be 8.60% among females and 4.07% among males. […] One-year prevalence of anorexia nervosa is 0.16% for females and 0.09% for males. […] A meta analysis found that atypical anorexia nervosa (AAN) occurs more frequently than anorexia nervosa in community samples, however fewer individuals with AAN are referred or admitted to special care for eating disorders.

• #9 Anorexia Nervosa: Practice Essentials, Background, Pathophysiology

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/912187-overview

  Anorexia nervosa is found in all developed countries and in all socioeconomic classes, occurring around the world at similar rates (0.3-1% in women, 0.10.3% in men). It is also found in developing countries such as China and Brazil. […] According to Mehler et al, certain groups are especially at risk for anorexia nervosa, including dancers, long-distance runners, skaters, models, actors, wrestlers, gymnasts, flight attendants, college sorority members, and others for whom thinness is emphasized and overly rewarded. […] In a European study, a 0.48% lifetime incidence of anorexia nervosa was reported among 21,425 respondents. […] The lifetime prevalence of anorexia nervosa in the United States is estimated to be 0.31%; however, some studies have shown rates as high as 4% among women. The rates among men are estimated at 0.10.3%. As many as 5% of young women exhibit symptoms of anorexia but do not meet the full diagnostic criteria, and some studies show disordered eating behavior in 13% of adolescent girls in the United States.

• #10 Eating Disorder Statistics & Key Research | Eating Disorders Victoria

  https://eatingdisorders.org.au/eating-disorders-a-z/eating-disorder-statistics-and-key-research/

  The lifetime prevalence for eating disorders is approximately 10.46% of the Australian population. This estimates that 2,754,446 Australians had an eating disorder at any time within their life (Deloitte Access Economics, 2024, p.30). This is an increase of 1.46% from conservative estimates in 2012 (NEDC, 2017). […] A recent review found that worldwide, lifetime prevalence of eating disorders was 8.4% (3.3-18.6%) for women and 2.2% (0.8-6.5%) for men. The results also showed that the prevalence has been increasing over time (Galmiche et.al., 2019). […] The lifetime prevalence of Anorexia Nervosa in the Australian population is 1.8% (Deloitte Access Economics, 2024, p.30). […] The average onset of Anorexia Nervosa is 16-17 years, although more and more younger children are becoming affected (Keski-Rahkonen at al., 2018).

• #11 Eating Disorder Statistics & Key Research | Eating Disorders Victoria

  https://eatingdisorders.org.au/eating-disorders-a-z/eating-disorder-statistics-and-key-research/

  The lifetime prevalence for eating disorders is approximately 10.46% of the Australian population. This estimates that 2,754,446 Australians had an eating disorder at any time within their life (Deloitte Access Economics, 2024, p.30). This is an increase of 1.46% from conservative estimates in 2012 (NEDC, 2017). […] A recent review found that worldwide, lifetime prevalence of eating disorders was 8.4% (3.3-18.6%) for women and 2.2% (0.8-6.5%) for men. The results also showed that the prevalence has been increasing over time (Galmiche et.al., 2019). […] The lifetime prevalence of Anorexia Nervosa in the Australian population is 1.8% (Deloitte Access Economics, 2024, p.30). […] The average onset of Anorexia Nervosa is 16-17 years, although more and more younger children are becoming affected (Keski-Rahkonen at al., 2018).

• #12 Children in Need—Diagnostics, Epidemiology, Treatment and Outcome of Early Onset Anorexia Nervosa

  https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/11/8/1932

  Knowledge of anorexia nervosa (AN) in childhood is scarce. This review gives a state-of-the-art overview on the definition, classification, epidemiology and etiology of this serious disorder. […] Although childhood AN has long been recognized and described in several case studies, knowledge of the diagnosis and treatment has become increasingly important due to the rising admission rates of childhood AN in several European countries. […] Generally, there are great differences in prevalence of AN in different regions of the world. Compared to Western countries such as Europe and the US, but also to China and Japan, there is a very low prevalence of AN in Latin America and Africa, but also among Hispanics in the USA. […] There is preliminary evidence that the age of onset of juvenile AN decreased during the last decade.

• #13 Anorexia Nervosa Facts & Statistics | Prevalence of Anorexia | Learn More

  https://www.therecoveryvillage.com/mental-health/anorexia/anorexia-statistics/

  Anorexia nervosa statistics reveal that its one of the most common eating disorders. […] The lifetime prevalence of anorexia is estimated to be 1% in women and less than 0.5% in men in high-income countries. In the U.S., the lifetime prevalence of anorexia is 0.80% in both men and women. […] Anorexia has been referred to as a Western condition since rates are much higher in Western countries than in middle or low-income countries. However, anorexia is becoming increasingly common worldwide as the internalization of the thin ideal becomes more prevalent internationally. […] Although anorexia in men is less common, rates are also higher among adolescent males than in other life stages. […] Symptoms of anorexia typically emerge for the first time in early to mid-adolescence. […] The average time of onset for anorexia is early to mid-adolescence, and anorexia in teens is thought to have some basis in the hormonal changes that occur during this time.

• #14 Anorexia Nervosa: Practice Essentials, Background, Pathophysiology

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/912187-overview

  Using nationally representative, face-to-face interview surveys of 10,123 adolescents in the continental United States, Swanson et al found the following 12-month prevalence rates for eating disorders: Anorexia nervosa (0.2%). […] Anorexia nervosa is diagnosed more often in the white (95%) adolescent (75%) populations of the middle and upper socioeconomic classes, although it can be observed in either sex and in people of any race, age, or social stratum. […] A study of adults in the United States found that, after adjusting for income, lifetime rates of anorexia nervosa were lower for non-Hispanic black and Hispanic respondents than for white respondents. […] Anorexia nervosa is more common in women than in men, with a female-to-male ratio of 10-20:1 in developed countries. […] Anorexia nervosa has been observed in both the very young and very old, but the disorder is primarily a phenomenon of puberty and early adulthood. Eighty-five percent of patients have onset of the disorder between the ages of 13 and 18 years.

• #15

  https://journals.lww.com/co-psychiatry/fulltext/2006/07000/incidence,_prevalence_and_mortality_of_anorexia.10.aspx

  General-practice studies show that the overall incidence rates of anorexia nervosa remained stable during the 1990s, compared with the 1980s. […] Anorexia nervosa is a common disorder among young white females, but is extremely rare among black females. […] Recent studies confirm previous findings of the high mortality rate within the anorexia nervosa population. […] The incidence of anorexia nervosa is around eight per 100 000 persons per year. […] An upward trend has been observed in the incidence of anorexia nervosa in the past century till the 1970s. […] The most substantial increase was among females aged 15-24 years, for whom a significant increase was observed from 1935 to 1999. […] The average prevalence rates for anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa among young females are 0.3 and 1%, respectively. […] Only a minority of people with eating disorders, especially with bulimia nervosa, are treated in mental healthcare.

• #16 Incidence, prevalence and mortality of anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8500372/

  To review the recent literature on the epidemiology of anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa in terms of incidence, prevalence and mortality. […] Although the overall incidence rate of anorexia nervosa is considerably stable over the past decades, the incidence among younger persons (aged 15 years) has increased. […] The lifetime prevalence rates of anorexia nervosa might be up to 4% among females and 0.3% among males. […] Anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa occur worldwide among females and males of all age groups and are associated with an increased mortality risk. […] The overall incidence rate of anorexia nervosa in Dutch females and males of all ages in primary care was fairly constant during three decades: in 1985-1989 it was 7.4 (95% CI 5.6-9.7) per 100000 person-years, in 1995-1999 7.8 (95% CI 6.0-10.1) and in 2005-2009 6.0 (95% CI 4.3-8.1).

• #17

  https://journals.lww.com/co-psychiatry/fulltext/2021/11000/incidence,_prevalence_and_mortality_of_anorexia.2.aspx

  To review the recent literature on the epidemiology of anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa in terms of incidence, prevalence and mortality. […] Although the overall incidence rate of anorexia nervosa is considerably stable over the past decades, the incidence among younger persons (aged 15 years) has increased. […] The lifetime prevalence rates of anorexia nervosa might be up to 4% among females and 0.3% among males. […] Anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa occur worldwide among females and males of all age groups and are associated with an increased mortality risk. […] The overall incidence rate of anorexia nervosa in Dutch females and males of all ages in primary care was fairly constant during three decades: in 1985-1989 it was 7.4 (95% CI 5.6-9.7) per 100 000 person-years, in 1995-1999 7.8 (95% CI 6.0-10.1) and in 2005-2009 6.0 (95% CI 4.3-8.1).

• #18

  https://journals.lww.com/co-psychiatry/fulltext/2021/11000/incidence,_prevalence_and_mortality_of_anorexia.2.aspx

  To review the recent literature on the epidemiology of anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa in terms of incidence, prevalence and mortality. […] Although the overall incidence rate of anorexia nervosa is considerably stable over the past decades, the incidence among younger persons (aged 15 years) has increased. […] The lifetime prevalence rates of anorexia nervosa might be up to 4% among females and 0.3% among males. […] Anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa occur worldwide among females and males of all age groups and are associated with an increased mortality risk. […] The overall incidence rate of anorexia nervosa in Dutch females and males of all ages in primary care was fairly constant during three decades: in 1985-1989 it was 7.4 (95% CI 5.6-9.7) per 100 000 person-years, in 1995-1999 7.8 (95% CI 6.0-10.1) and in 2005-2009 6.0 (95% CI 4.3-8.1).

• #19

  https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11920-012-0282-y

  Anorexia nervosa is relatively common among young women. While the overall incidence rate remained stable over the past decades, there has been an increase in the high risk-group of 15-19 year old girls. […] All eating disorders have an elevated mortality risk; anorexia nervosa the most striking. […] The incidence rate of anorexia nervosa among females aged 15-19 years increased significantly from 56.4 per 100,000 person-years in 1985-1989 to 109.2 per 100,000 person-years in 1995-1999. […] In a meta-analysis of excess mortality in the 1990s, anorexia nervosa was associated with the highest rate of mortality among all mental disorders. […] The overall standardized mortality ratio for anorexia nervosa was 5.86 (95 % CI: 4.17-8.26) with a mean follow-up period of 14 years. […] In a Swedish study, a significantly higher mortality rate (4.4 % vs. 1.2 %) was found among female patients hospitalized due to anorexia nervosa in 1977-1981 compared with those hospitalized in 1987-1991.

• #20 Incidence of anorexia nervosa in young people in the UK and Ireland: a national surveillance study | BMJ Open

  https://bmjopen.bmj.com/content/9/10/e027339

  Objectives This study aimed to estimate the incidence of DSM5 anorexia nervosa in young people in contact with child and adolescent mental health services in the UK and Ireland. […] Results 305 incident cases of anorexia nervosa were reported over the 8-month surveillance period and assessed as eligible for inclusion. The majority were young women (91%), from England (70%) and of white ethnicity (92%). Mean age was 14.6 years (1.66) and mean percentage of median expected body mass index for age and sex was 83.23% (10.99%). The overall IR, adjusted for missing data, was estimated to be 13.68 per 100000 population (95%CI 12.88 to 14.52), with rates of 25.66 (95%CI 24.09 to 27.30) for young women and 2.28 (95%CI 1.84 to 2.79) for young men. Incidence increased steadily with age, peaking at 15 (57.77, 95%CI 50.41 to 65.90) for young women and 16 (5.14, 95%CI 3.20 to 7.83) for young men. Comparison with earlier estimates suggests IRs for children aged 12 and under have increased over the last 10 years. […] Conclusion These results provide new estimates of the incidence of anorexia nervosa in young people. Service providers and commissioners should consider evidence to suggest an increase in incidence in younger children.

• #21

  https://ujms.net/index.php/ujms/article/view/6323

  Aims To study the 1-year outcome and to analyse predictors of outcome of a cohort of adolescent girls with anorexia nervosa (AN) or restrictive eating disorders not otherwise specified (EDNOSr) treated as out-patients in a family-based programme at a specialized eating disorder service. To calculate the incidence of anorexia nervosa among treatment-seeking girls younger than 18 in Uppsala County from 2004 to 2006. […] The incidence of AN was 18/100,000 person-years in girls younger than 12 and 63/100,000 in girls younger than 18.

• #22 Epidemiology of anorexia nervosa in a French community-based sample of 39,542 adolescents

  https://file.scirp.org/Html/4-1890035_31847.htm

  Epidemiology of anorexia nervosa in a French community-based sample of 39,542 adolescents […] Among females, 0.5% (n = 105) met criteria for anorexia nervosa between the ages of 12 and 17 years, whereas among males, the prevalence was 0.03% (n = 6). […] The highest incidence of anorexia nervosa was at 16 years. […] This study is the first to report the prevalence of AN on such a large community sample of adolescents. […] The prevalence of AN in girls is 0.5% (N = 105), 2 to 6 times lower than prevalence rates for the sub-threshold AN subgroups. […] More than 70% of AN and sub-threshold AN subgroups reported onset between the ages of 15 and 16 years. […] The incidence of AN was highest at age 16. […] To our knowledge, our study is the first epidemiological research in the general population that found a larger proportion of higher SES individuals in AN subgroups. […] Overall, we confirm a marked prevalence of AN in the period since the 12th birthday among girls assessed at age 17.

• #23 Incidence of Anorexia Nervosa in Women: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

  https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/17/11/3824

  A total of 31 articles were included in the study. The incidence rate of AN ranged from 0.5 to 318.0 cases per 100,000 women–years. The incidence in studies based on outpatient healthcare services (OHS) was higher than those based on hospital admissions (HA) (8.8 95% CI: 7.83–9.80 vs. 5.0 95% CI: 4.87–5.05). In young women, the incidence in OHS was higher than HA (63.7, 95% CI 61.21–66.12 vs. 8.1 95% CI 7.60–8.53). The linear trend in the incidence of AN was increasing in all ages of women and young women, both in studies with hospital admission records, and in those based on outpatient healthcare services. […] The incidence of AN depends on the methodology, the type of population and the diagnostic criteria used. […] The incidence of AN in our results ranges from 0.5 to 318.9 cases per 100,000 women–years, and in young women from 0.6 to 37.1 cases per 100,000 women–years, with significant variations depending on the source of the cases.

• #24 Anorexia Nervosa: Practice Essentials, Background, Pathophysiology

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/912187-overview

  Using nationally representative, face-to-face interview surveys of 10,123 adolescents in the continental United States, Swanson et al found the following 12-month prevalence rates for eating disorders: Anorexia nervosa (0.2%). […] Anorexia nervosa is diagnosed more often in the white (95%) adolescent (75%) populations of the middle and upper socioeconomic classes, although it can be observed in either sex and in people of any race, age, or social stratum. […] A study of adults in the United States found that, after adjusting for income, lifetime rates of anorexia nervosa were lower for non-Hispanic black and Hispanic respondents than for white respondents. […] Anorexia nervosa is more common in women than in men, with a female-to-male ratio of 10-20:1 in developed countries. […] Anorexia nervosa has been observed in both the very young and very old, but the disorder is primarily a phenomenon of puberty and early adulthood. Eighty-five percent of patients have onset of the disorder between the ages of 13 and 18 years.

• #25

  https://journals.lww.com/co-psychiatry/fulltext/2021/11000/incidence,_prevalence_and_mortality_of_anorexia.2.aspx

  The male to female ratio was found to be 1 : 13 for narrowly defined anorexia nervosa and 1 : 14 for broadly defined anorexia nervosa. […] The incidence of anorexia nervosa is increasing in younger girls (15 years) has important implications for future research into risk factors, the development of prevention programs for younger subjects, and the planning of healthcare services. […] In conclusion, there is a decline in incidence rates of bulimia nervosa over time. […] Anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa occur among females and males of all age groups worldwide and are associated with an increased mortality risk.

• #26

  https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s40519-021-01162-z

  The lifetime prevalence rates of eating disorders in females reached 2.58% (95% CI, 1.06-4.74) and 0.74% (95% CI, 0.24-1.52) in males. Regardless of overall eating disorders or various types, the prevalence in females was evidently several times that in males. The lifetime eating disorder prevalence rates at 12 months and 4 weeks in females were 3.5, 4.2 and 3.1 times those in males, respectively. The ratios of females to males in the lifetime prevalence of AN, BN and BED were 15.5, 3.2 and 2.1, respectively, and 3, 3.2 and 1.8 in the 12-month prevalence. Compared with the classic types AN and BN, the ratio was lower for BED.

• #27 Anorexia nervosa – Wikipedia

  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anorexia_nervosa

  Anorexia is estimated to occur in 0.9% to 4.3% of women and 0.2% to 0.3% of men in Western countries at some point in their life. […] About 0.4% of young females are affected in a given year and it is estimated to occur three to ten times less commonly in males. […] The cause of this disparity is not well-established but is thought to be linked to both biological and socio-cultural factors. […] Rates in most of the developing world are unclear. […] Often it begins during the teen years or young adulthood. […] Medical students are a high risk group, with an overall estimated prevalence of 10.4% globally. […] The lifetime rate of atypical anorexia nervosa, a form of ED-NOS in which the person loses a significant amount of weight and is at risk for serious medical complications despite having a higher body-mass index, is much higher, at 5-12%.

• #28 Anorexia Nervosa: Symptoms, Causes, Diagnosis and Treatment

  https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/267432

  Statistics show that females with anorexia outnumber males with the disorder at a ratio of 10 to 1. The effects of the disorder are more likely to be life threatening among males than among females. The reason for this is that males often receive a later diagnosis due to the mistaken belief that it does not affect them. […] Anorexia nervosa often appears during a persons teenage years or early adulthood, but it can sometimes begin in the preteen years or later in life. […] Research suggests that the risk of eating disorders may be higher among transgender people than cisgender people. […] In 2015, researchers found that people with anorexia nervosa may have different gut microbial communities than those without the condition. This could contribute to anxiety, depression, and further weight loss. […] According to the National Eating Disorders Association, prevention programs aimed at reducing factors for eating disorders could also be beneficial.

• #29 Anorexia Statistics and Studies – Center For Discovery

  https://centerfordiscovery.com/blog/anorexia-statistics-and-studies/

  Unfortunately, the anorexia statistics and studies we have available fall short of giving us a full picture. […] More inclusive anorexia statistics and studies are sorely needed to understand what causes anorexia in different populations how anorexia nervosa affects people of all gender identities, races, economic status, and weights. […] One of the interesting things we know about men with anorexia is that many patients developed anorexia later in life, and were previously higher weight in childhood and young adulthood. […] The diagnostic criteria has made progress in removing some language that made it far easier to diagnose anorexia in women (such as missing menstrual periods) but the criteria is still biased against individuals with higher body weights.

• #30 Epidemiology of Anorexia Nervosa in Men: A Nationwide Study of Finnish Twins | PLOS One

  https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0004402

  To examine the epidemiology of anorexia nervosa in men, we screened Finnish male twins born in 197579. […] The incidence rate of anorexia nervosa for the presumed peak age of risk (1024y) was 15.7 per 100 000 person-years; its lifetime prevalence was 0.24%. […] Anorexia nervosa in males in the community is more common, transient and accompanied by more substantial comorbidity than previously thought. […] We found five participants with DSM-IV lifetime anorexia nervosa. […] Lifetime prevalence rate was 0.24% (95% CI 0.030.44%). The incidence rate for 1024.9 y was 15.7 (95% CI 6.637.8) per 100 000 person-years. […] Our study has four important findings. First, although anorexia nervosa in adolescent and young men from the community was transient, it was accompanied by significant psychiatric comorbidity, which also manifested in their co-twins.

• #31 Epidemiology of Anorexia Nervosa in Men: A Nationwide Study of Finnish Twins | PLOS One

  https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0004402

  Second, compared to young males from the general population, symptoms of body dysmorphic disorder were frequent in the co-twins, suggesting a common familial diathesis for anorexia nervosa and body dysmorphic disorder. […] Third, anorexia nervosa in young men was more common than suggested by previous reports. […] According to our study, approximately 1 out of 400 boys suffer from anorexia nervosa by young adulthood. […] In our study, anorexia nervosa in boys and young men from the general population was more common, transient and accompanied by more substantial co-morbidity than previously thought.

• #32 Anorexia Statistics – Gender, Race & Socioeconomics  | The Bulimia Project

  https://bulimia.com/anorexia/statistics/

  Eating disorders impact around 9% of the global population. They result in more than 10,000 deaths in the U.S. every year, representing one of the deadliest mental illnesses. Anorexia can impact people of every gender identity, race, and socioeconomic status. It is one of the most common eating disorders involving food and calorie restriction, fear of gaining weight, and distorted body image. […] Anorexia is more common in women than men. As a result, it is often stigmatized, overlooked, and underdiagnosed in men. Anorexia is likely very underreported in men. […] Women have anorexia at rates three times higher than males: 0.9% of the population versus 0.3% of the population. […] An estimated 0.5% to 3.7% of women will develop anorexia at some point in their lifetime. […] Men make up approximately 20% of all people with anorexia.

• #33 Eating Disorder Statistics & Key Research | Eating Disorders Victoria

  https://eatingdisorders.org.au/eating-disorders-a-z/eating-disorder-statistics-and-key-research/

  Eating disorders are the third most common chronic illness in young women (Yeo Hughes, 2011). […] 67% of people with eating disorders in Australia are female and 33% male (Deloitte Access Economics, 2024, p.28). […] Approximately 80-85% of individuals diagnosed with Anorexia Nervosa or Bulimia Nervosa are female and 15-20% are male (Hay et al., 2008). […] Eating disorders can affect people of all ages and have been diagnosed in those younger than 5 years and older than 80 years (NEDC, 2017). […] Research shows that adolescents are at greatest risk, with the average age of onset for an eating disorder between 12 and 25 years (Volpe et al., 2016). […] The highest prevalence is found in 15-19 year olds, where up to 12% of adolescents in this age bracket had an eating disorder in 2023 (Deloitte Access Economics, 2024, p.29).

• #34 Anorexia Nervosa: Practice Essentials, Background, Pathophysiology

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/912187-overview

  Using nationally representative, face-to-face interview surveys of 10,123 adolescents in the continental United States, Swanson et al found the following 12-month prevalence rates for eating disorders: Anorexia nervosa (0.2%). […] Anorexia nervosa is diagnosed more often in the white (95%) adolescent (75%) populations of the middle and upper socioeconomic classes, although it can be observed in either sex and in people of any race, age, or social stratum. […] A study of adults in the United States found that, after adjusting for income, lifetime rates of anorexia nervosa were lower for non-Hispanic black and Hispanic respondents than for white respondents. […] Anorexia nervosa is more common in women than in men, with a female-to-male ratio of 10-20:1 in developed countries. […] Anorexia nervosa has been observed in both the very young and very old, but the disorder is primarily a phenomenon of puberty and early adulthood. Eighty-five percent of patients have onset of the disorder between the ages of 13 and 18 years.

• #35 Anorexia Nervosa – Psychiatric Disorders – MSD Manual Professional Edition

  https://www.msdmanuals.com/professional/psychiatric-disorders/eating-disorders/anorexia-nervosa

  Anorexia nervosa occurs predominantly in girls and young women. Onset is usually during adolescence and rarely after age 40. […] Mortality rates are high, approaching 10% per decade among affected people who come to clinical attention; unrecognized mild disease probably rarely leads to death. […] Children and adolescents treated for anorexia nervosa have better outcomes than adults. […] In adults, BMI is significantly low (usually BMI of 17 kg/m2), and in adolescents, BMI percentile is low (usually 5th percentile) or does not increase as expected for normal growth. […] Endocrine or electrolyte abnormalities or cardiac arrhythmias may develop, and death can occur.

• #36 Anorexia Nervosa: Practice Essentials, Background, Pathophysiology

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/912187-overview

  Using nationally representative, face-to-face interview surveys of 10,123 adolescents in the continental United States, Swanson et al found the following 12-month prevalence rates for eating disorders: Anorexia nervosa (0.2%). […] Anorexia nervosa is diagnosed more often in the white (95%) adolescent (75%) populations of the middle and upper socioeconomic classes, although it can be observed in either sex and in people of any race, age, or social stratum. […] A study of adults in the United States found that, after adjusting for income, lifetime rates of anorexia nervosa were lower for non-Hispanic black and Hispanic respondents than for white respondents. […] Anorexia nervosa is more common in women than in men, with a female-to-male ratio of 10-20:1 in developed countries. […] Anorexia nervosa has been observed in both the very young and very old, but the disorder is primarily a phenomenon of puberty and early adulthood. Eighty-five percent of patients have onset of the disorder between the ages of 13 and 18 years.

• #37 Incidence of anorexia nervosa in young people in the UK and Ireland: a national surveillance study | BMJ Open

  https://bmjopen.bmj.com/content/9/10/e027339

  Objectives This study aimed to estimate the incidence of DSM5 anorexia nervosa in young people in contact with child and adolescent mental health services in the UK and Ireland. […] Results 305 incident cases of anorexia nervosa were reported over the 8-month surveillance period and assessed as eligible for inclusion. The majority were young women (91%), from England (70%) and of white ethnicity (92%). Mean age was 14.6 years (1.66) and mean percentage of median expected body mass index for age and sex was 83.23% (10.99%). The overall IR, adjusted for missing data, was estimated to be 13.68 per 100000 population (95%CI 12.88 to 14.52), with rates of 25.66 (95%CI 24.09 to 27.30) for young women and 2.28 (95%CI 1.84 to 2.79) for young men. Incidence increased steadily with age, peaking at 15 (57.77, 95%CI 50.41 to 65.90) for young women and 16 (5.14, 95%CI 3.20 to 7.83) for young men. Comparison with earlier estimates suggests IRs for children aged 12 and under have increased over the last 10 years. […] Conclusion These results provide new estimates of the incidence of anorexia nervosa in young people. Service providers and commissioners should consider evidence to suggest an increase in incidence in younger children.

• #38 Incidence of anorexia nervosa in young people in the UK and Ireland: a national surveillance study | BMJ Open

  https://bmjopen.bmj.com/content/9/10/e027339

  Objectives This study aimed to estimate the incidence of DSM5 anorexia nervosa in young people in contact with child and adolescent mental health services in the UK and Ireland. […] Results 305 incident cases of anorexia nervosa were reported over the 8-month surveillance period and assessed as eligible for inclusion. The majority were young women (91%), from England (70%) and of white ethnicity (92%). Mean age was 14.6 years (1.66) and mean percentage of median expected body mass index for age and sex was 83.23% (10.99%). The overall IR, adjusted for missing data, was estimated to be 13.68 per 100000 population (95%CI 12.88 to 14.52), with rates of 25.66 (95%CI 24.09 to 27.30) for young women and 2.28 (95%CI 1.84 to 2.79) for young men. Incidence increased steadily with age, peaking at 15 (57.77, 95%CI 50.41 to 65.90) for young women and 16 (5.14, 95%CI 3.20 to 7.83) for young men. Comparison with earlier estimates suggests IRs for children aged 12 and under have increased over the last 10 years. […] Conclusion These results provide new estimates of the incidence of anorexia nervosa in young people. Service providers and commissioners should consider evidence to suggest an increase in incidence in younger children.

• #39 Children in Need—Diagnostics, Epidemiology, Treatment and Outcome of Early Onset Anorexia Nervosa

  https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/11/8/1932

  Knowledge of anorexia nervosa (AN) in childhood is scarce. This review gives a state-of-the-art overview on the definition, classification, epidemiology and etiology of this serious disorder. […] Although childhood AN has long been recognized and described in several case studies, knowledge of the diagnosis and treatment has become increasingly important due to the rising admission rates of childhood AN in several European countries. […] Generally, there are great differences in prevalence of AN in different regions of the world. Compared to Western countries such as Europe and the US, but also to China and Japan, there is a very low prevalence of AN in Latin America and Africa, but also among Hispanics in the USA. […] There is preliminary evidence that the age of onset of juvenile AN decreased during the last decade.

• #40 Anorexia Nervosa Statistics 2024: 14 Shocking Facts

  https://breakbingeeating.com/anorexia-nervosa-statistics/

  Anorexia nervosa is an eating disorder on the rise, and the seriousness of this illness is underscored by the fact that anorexia nervosa is associated with the highest mortality rates of all psychiatric disorders. […] Based on international data, the lifetime prevalence of anorexia nervosa for females ranges from 0.3%-1.5% and for males range from 0.1%-0.5%. […] Anorexia nervosa has a mortality rate that is around 12 times higher than the mortality rates from all other causes. […] Females with anorexia nervosa outnumber males with anorexia nervosa on a 10:1 ratio. […] The standardized mortality ratio (SMR) for anorexia nervosa, which is the percentage of observed deaths in the study population divided by the percentage of expected deaths in the entire population of origin, is 5.9. […] In the Netherlands, from 1985-2019, the incidence of Anorexia Nervosa among 10- to 14-year-old females increased significantly from 8.6 to 38.6 per 100,000 people.

• #41 Anorexia nervosa

  https://womenshealth.gov/mental-health/mental-health-conditions/eating-disorders/anorexia-nervosa

  Anorexia affects more girls and women than boys and men. […] Anorexia is also more common among girls and younger women than older women. On average, girls develop anorexia at 16 or 17. Teen girls between 13 and 19 and young women in their early 20s are most at risk. […] In one study, 13% of American women over 50 had signs of an eating disorder. […] Among women and girls, anorexia is second only to opioid abuse as a leading cause of death due to a serious mental health problem. […] Long-term studies of 20 years or more show that women who had an eating disorder in the past usually reach and maintain a healthy weight after treatment.

• #42 Children in Need—Diagnostics, Epidemiology, Treatment and Outcome of Early Onset Anorexia Nervosa

  https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/11/8/1932

  Knowledge of anorexia nervosa (AN) in childhood is scarce. This review gives a state-of-the-art overview on the definition, classification, epidemiology and etiology of this serious disorder. […] Although childhood AN has long been recognized and described in several case studies, knowledge of the diagnosis and treatment has become increasingly important due to the rising admission rates of childhood AN in several European countries. […] Generally, there are great differences in prevalence of AN in different regions of the world. Compared to Western countries such as Europe and the US, but also to China and Japan, there is a very low prevalence of AN in Latin America and Africa, but also among Hispanics in the USA. […] There is preliminary evidence that the age of onset of juvenile AN decreased during the last decade.

• #43 Children in Need—Diagnostics, Epidemiology, Treatment and Outcome of Early Onset Anorexia Nervosa

  https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/11/8/1932

  Knowledge of anorexia nervosa (AN) in childhood is scarce. This review gives a state-of-the-art overview on the definition, classification, epidemiology and etiology of this serious disorder. […] Although childhood AN has long been recognized and described in several case studies, knowledge of the diagnosis and treatment has become increasingly important due to the rising admission rates of childhood AN in several European countries. […] Generally, there are great differences in prevalence of AN in different regions of the world. Compared to Western countries such as Europe and the US, but also to China and Japan, there is a very low prevalence of AN in Latin America and Africa, but also among Hispanics in the USA. […] There is preliminary evidence that the age of onset of juvenile AN decreased during the last decade.

• #44 Anorexia Nervosa Facts & Statistics | Prevalence of Anorexia | Learn More

  https://www.therecoveryvillage.com/mental-health/anorexia/anorexia-statistics/

  Anorexia nervosa statistics reveal that its one of the most common eating disorders. […] The lifetime prevalence of anorexia is estimated to be 1% in women and less than 0.5% in men in high-income countries. In the U.S., the lifetime prevalence of anorexia is 0.80% in both men and women. […] Anorexia has been referred to as a Western condition since rates are much higher in Western countries than in middle or low-income countries. However, anorexia is becoming increasingly common worldwide as the internalization of the thin ideal becomes more prevalent internationally. […] Although anorexia in men is less common, rates are also higher among adolescent males than in other life stages. […] Symptoms of anorexia typically emerge for the first time in early to mid-adolescence. […] The average time of onset for anorexia is early to mid-adolescence, and anorexia in teens is thought to have some basis in the hormonal changes that occur during this time.

• #45 Comparison of the burden of anorexia nervosa in the Middle East and North Africa region between 1990 and 2019 | Journal of Eating Disorders | Full Text

  https://jeatdisord.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s40337-022-00718-3

  Anorexia nervosa (AN) is a complex and heritable psychiatric disorder, which imposes significant mortality and morbidity on sufferers globally. We aimed to report the prevalence, incidence and disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) attributable to AN in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region by age, sex and socio-demographic index (SDI), between 1990 and 2019. […] In 2019, the estimated age-standardised point prevalence and incidence rate of AN (per 100,000) in MENA were 49.3 (95% UI: 34.670.4) and 16.0 (11.322.0), which were 11.4% (7.315.4) and 5.9% (2.69.1) higher than in 1990, respectively. Furthermore, the regional age-standardised DALY rate was 10.6 (6.317.0) per 100,000 in 2019, which was 11.8% (5.219.1) higher than in 1990. […] The burden of AN in the MENA region increased between 1990 and 2019, which indicates that it is likely to become a more serious public health issue in the future. Up-to-date information about the epidemiological trends in the region would allow health policymakers to make informed and appropriate decisions to help address this issue.

• #46 Comparison of the burden of anorexia nervosa in the Middle East and North Africa region between 1990 and 2019 | Journal of Eating Disorders | Full Text

  https://jeatdisord.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s40337-022-00718-3

  The findings of the present study showed that the point prevalence and incidence rate of anorexia nervosa have increased in the Middle East and North Africa region between 1990 and 2019. […] In addition, between 1990 and 2019 Iran had the largest increase in the point prevalence of anorexia nervosa. Also in 2019, anorexia nervosa was more prevalent in females and peaked in the 1519 age group for males and the 2024 age group for females. Furthermore, as the level of socioeconomic development increased, so did the burden attributable to anorexia nervosa.

• #47 Anorexia Nervosa: Practice Essentials, Background, Pathophysiology

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/912187-overview

  Anorexia nervosa is found in all developed countries and in all socioeconomic classes, occurring around the world at similar rates (0.3-1% in women, 0.10.3% in men). It is also found in developing countries such as China and Brazil. […] According to Mehler et al, certain groups are especially at risk for anorexia nervosa, including dancers, long-distance runners, skaters, models, actors, wrestlers, gymnasts, flight attendants, college sorority members, and others for whom thinness is emphasized and overly rewarded. […] In a European study, a 0.48% lifetime incidence of anorexia nervosa was reported among 21,425 respondents. […] The lifetime prevalence of anorexia nervosa in the United States is estimated to be 0.31%; however, some studies have shown rates as high as 4% among women. The rates among men are estimated at 0.10.3%. As many as 5% of young women exhibit symptoms of anorexia but do not meet the full diagnostic criteria, and some studies show disordered eating behavior in 13% of adolescent girls in the United States.

• #48 Anorexia Nervosa: Practice Essentials, Background, Pathophysiology

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/912187-overview

  Anorexia nervosa is found in all developed countries and in all socioeconomic classes, occurring around the world at similar rates (0.3-1% in women, 0.10.3% in men). It is also found in developing countries such as China and Brazil. […] According to Mehler et al, certain groups are especially at risk for anorexia nervosa, including dancers, long-distance runners, skaters, models, actors, wrestlers, gymnasts, flight attendants, college sorority members, and others for whom thinness is emphasized and overly rewarded. […] In a European study, a 0.48% lifetime incidence of anorexia nervosa was reported among 21,425 respondents. […] The lifetime prevalence of anorexia nervosa in the United States is estimated to be 0.31%; however, some studies have shown rates as high as 4% among women. The rates among men are estimated at 0.10.3%. As many as 5% of young women exhibit symptoms of anorexia but do not meet the full diagnostic criteria, and some studies show disordered eating behavior in 13% of adolescent girls in the United States.

• #49 Anorexia nervosa – Wikipedia

  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anorexia_nervosa

  Anorexia is estimated to occur in 0.9% to 4.3% of women and 0.2% to 0.3% of men in Western countries at some point in their life. […] About 0.4% of young females are affected in a given year and it is estimated to occur three to ten times less commonly in males. […] The cause of this disparity is not well-established but is thought to be linked to both biological and socio-cultural factors. […] Rates in most of the developing world are unclear. […] Often it begins during the teen years or young adulthood. […] Medical students are a high risk group, with an overall estimated prevalence of 10.4% globally. […] The lifetime rate of atypical anorexia nervosa, a form of ED-NOS in which the person loses a significant amount of weight and is at risk for serious medical complications despite having a higher body-mass index, is much higher, at 5-12%.

• #50 Why are eating disorders on the rise? | OHSU

  https://www.ohsu.edu/womens-health/why-are-eating-disorders-rise

  Eating disorders are more common than many think. According to the National Eating Disorder Association (NEDA), 28.8 million people in the United States will experience an eating disorder in their lifetime. They can affect anyone, regardless of age, race or gender. However, data shows eating disorders are twice as prevalent among females than males. Transgender and nonbinary people also experience eating disorders at higher rates. […] Eating disorders are now on the rise worldwide. Between 2000 and 2018, prevalence more than doubled (3.4% to 7.8% of all people). […] The most common types of eating disorders are anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa and binge eating disorder. Other eating disorders include Avoidant Restrictive Food Intake Disorder (ARFID) and orthrexia. These conditions can be serious and life-threatening. Of all mental health conditions, anorexia nervosa has the highest death rate. […] In March and April of 2020, the National Eating Disorders Association saw a 75% rise in messages to their helpline, compared to the same window the previous year.

• #51 Anorexia Nervosa: Symptoms, Causes, Diagnosis and Treatment

  https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/267432

  Statistics show that females with anorexia outnumber males with the disorder at a ratio of 10 to 1. The effects of the disorder are more likely to be life threatening among males than among females. The reason for this is that males often receive a later diagnosis due to the mistaken belief that it does not affect them. […] Anorexia nervosa often appears during a persons teenage years or early adulthood, but it can sometimes begin in the preteen years or later in life. […] Research suggests that the risk of eating disorders may be higher among transgender people than cisgender people. […] In 2015, researchers found that people with anorexia nervosa may have different gut microbial communities than those without the condition. This could contribute to anxiety, depression, and further weight loss. […] According to the National Eating Disorders Association, prevention programs aimed at reducing factors for eating disorders could also be beneficial.

• #52 Anorexia Nervosa – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK459148/

  Anorexia nervosa is more common in females than males. Onset is late adolescence and early adulthood. Lifetime prevalence is 0.3% to 1% (European studies have demonstrated a prevalence of 2% to 4%), irrespective of culture, ethnicity, and race. Risk factors for eating disorders include childhood obesity, female sex, mood disorders, personality traits (impulsivity and perfectionism), sexual abuse, or weight-related concerns from family or peer environments. […] Remission in anorexia nervosa varies. Three-fourths of patients treated in out-patient settings remit within five years and the same percentage experience intermediate-good outcomes, including weight gain. Relapse is more common in patients who are older with a longer duration of disease or lower body fat/weight at the end of treatment, have co-morbid psychiatric disorders, or receive therapy outside of a specialized clinic.

• #53 Anorexia Nervosa – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK459148/

  Anorexia nervosa is more common in females than males. Onset is late adolescence and early adulthood. Lifetime prevalence is 0.3% to 1% (European studies have demonstrated a prevalence of 2% to 4%), irrespective of culture, ethnicity, and race. Risk factors for eating disorders include childhood obesity, female sex, mood disorders, personality traits (impulsivity and perfectionism), sexual abuse, or weight-related concerns from family or peer environments. […] Remission in anorexia nervosa varies. Three-fourths of patients treated in out-patient settings remit within five years and the same percentage experience intermediate-good outcomes, including weight gain. Relapse is more common in patients who are older with a longer duration of disease or lower body fat/weight at the end of treatment, have co-morbid psychiatric disorders, or receive therapy outside of a specialized clinic.

• #54 Anorexia nervosa – Wikipedia

  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anorexia_nervosa

  Anorexia is estimated to occur in 0.9% to 4.3% of women and 0.2% to 0.3% of men in Western countries at some point in their life. […] About 0.4% of young females are affected in a given year and it is estimated to occur three to ten times less commonly in males. […] The cause of this disparity is not well-established but is thought to be linked to both biological and socio-cultural factors. […] Rates in most of the developing world are unclear. […] Often it begins during the teen years or young adulthood. […] Medical students are a high risk group, with an overall estimated prevalence of 10.4% globally. […] The lifetime rate of atypical anorexia nervosa, a form of ED-NOS in which the person loses a significant amount of weight and is at risk for serious medical complications despite having a higher body-mass index, is much higher, at 5-12%.

• #55 Eating Disorder Statistics – National Eating Disorders Association

  https://www.nationaleatingdisorders.org/statistics/

  9% of the US population, or 30 million Americans will have an eating disorder in their lifetime. […] The overall lifetime prevalence of eating disorders is estimated to be 8.60% among females and 4.07% among males. […] One-year prevalence of anorexia nervosa is 0.16% for females and 0.09% for males. […] A meta analysis found that atypical anorexia nervosa (AAN) occurs more frequently than anorexia nervosa in community samples, however fewer individuals with AAN are referred or admitted to special care for eating disorders.

• #56 Anorexia nervosa – Wikipedia

  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anorexia_nervosa

  Additionally, a UCSF study showed severity of illness is independent of current BMI, and „patients with large, rapid, or long-duration of weight loss were more severely ill regardless of their current weight.” […] While anorexia became more commonly diagnosed during the 20th century it is unclear if this was due to an increase in its frequency or simply better diagnosis. […] Most studies show that since at least 1970 the incidence of AN in adult women is fairly constant, while there is some indication that the incidence may have been increasing for girls aged between 14 and 20.

• #57 Anorexia Nervosa Facts & Statistics | Prevalence of Anorexia | Learn More

  https://www.therecoveryvillage.com/mental-health/anorexia/anorexia-statistics/

  Anorexia is often described as a disorder of control and perfectionism. […] Nearly three-quarters of patients with anorexia nervosa report having had a lifetime mood disorder, mainly depression, and approximately 25-75% have a lifetime history of anxiety. […] The prognosis for anorexia varies based on gender, age of onset and severity of symptoms. […] The long-term prognosis for anorexia can look different for adolescents and adults. In general, adolescents have a higher recovery and lower mortality rate than adults.

• #58 Genome-wide analysis of anorexia nervosa and major psychiatric disorders and related traits reveals genetic overlap and identifies novel risk loci for anorexia nervosa | Translational Psychiatry

  https://www.nature.com/articles/s41398-023-02585-1

  Anorexia nervosa (AN) is a heritable eating disorder (5060%) with an array of commonly comorbid psychiatric disorders and related traits. […] We investigated the shared genetic architecture of AN and schizophrenia (SCZ), bipolar disorder (BIP), major depression (MD), mood instability (Mood), neuroticism (NEUR), and intelligence (INT). […] In conclusion, we demonstrated genetic overlap between AN and major psychiatric disorders and related traits, and identified novel risk loci for AN by leveraging this overlap. […] The estimated lifetime prevalence is 0.62% among females and 0.04% among males, but prevalence has increased in recent decades, particularly during the Covid-19 pandemic. […] Genetic variation substantially influences risk for AN, with twin-based heritability estimates of 5060%.

• #59 Anorexia Statistics and Studies – Center For Discovery

  https://centerfordiscovery.com/blog/anorexia-statistics-and-studies/

  Anorexia nervosa is an eating disorder that affects millions of people in the United States, but it’s very misunderstood. […] Anorexia statistics can help us understand anorexia nervosa better, identify the causes and risk factors of anorexia, and ultimately provide better support and treatment from those who with anorexia. […] At least 30 million people in the United States have an eating disorder. […] People with anorexia nervosa are more likely to die by suicide than the general population. […] Anorexia nervosa is more likely to cause death than other eating disorders. […] 1.2% of people 15 and older meet the criteria for anorexia nervosa in their lives. […] Transgender college students are more likely to have eating disorders like anorexia. […] Latinx people are at a slightly elevated risk of anorexia nervosa and extreme dieting. […] Anorexia is slightly less prevalent among Black people, but when present, it takes longer for them to receive a diagnosis. […] 50-80% of the risk of an eating disorder like anorexia is genetic. […] 67% of people with anorexia have a traumatic event that precipitates their eating disorder. […] The best known contributor to anorexia nervosa is body dissatisfaction. […] Eating disorders like anorexia are the most common chronic illness in adolescent females. […] Only one-third of individuals with anorexia receive treatment for it. […] Anorexia nervosa has the highest mortality rate of any mental illness.

• #60 Genome-wide analysis of anorexia nervosa and major psychiatric disorders and related traits reveals genetic overlap and identifies novel risk loci for anorexia nervosa | Translational Psychiatry

  https://www.nature.com/articles/s41398-023-02585-1

  Recent genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified the first genetic risk loci for AN and highlighted significant positive genetic correlations between AN and other psychiatric disorders, including obsessive-compulsive disorder, SCZ, MD, and bipolar disorder (BIP). […] Our findings suggest that at least part of the co-occurrence of these disorders is due to shared genetic liabilities, mirroring results from twin studies. […] Our study also demonstrated genetic overlap between AN and the psychological traits Mood, NEUR, and INT. […] By leveraging the genetic overlap between AN and the included psychiatric disorders and psychological traits, we identified risk loci associated with AN conditional on each of the phenotypes. […] Across all analyses, 58 novel risk loci for AN were identified.

• #61 Anorexia Statistics and Studies – Center For Discovery

  https://centerfordiscovery.com/blog/anorexia-statistics-and-studies/

  Anorexia nervosa is an eating disorder that affects millions of people in the United States, but it’s very misunderstood. […] Anorexia statistics can help us understand anorexia nervosa better, identify the causes and risk factors of anorexia, and ultimately provide better support and treatment from those who with anorexia. […] At least 30 million people in the United States have an eating disorder. […] People with anorexia nervosa are more likely to die by suicide than the general population. […] Anorexia nervosa is more likely to cause death than other eating disorders. […] 1.2% of people 15 and older meet the criteria for anorexia nervosa in their lives. […] Transgender college students are more likely to have eating disorders like anorexia. […] Latinx people are at a slightly elevated risk of anorexia nervosa and extreme dieting. […] Anorexia is slightly less prevalent among Black people, but when present, it takes longer for them to receive a diagnosis. […] 50-80% of the risk of an eating disorder like anorexia is genetic. […] 67% of people with anorexia have a traumatic event that precipitates their eating disorder. […] The best known contributor to anorexia nervosa is body dissatisfaction. […] Eating disorders like anorexia are the most common chronic illness in adolescent females. […] Only one-third of individuals with anorexia receive treatment for it. […] Anorexia nervosa has the highest mortality rate of any mental illness.

• #62 Anorexia Statistics and Studies – Center For Discovery

  https://centerfordiscovery.com/blog/anorexia-statistics-and-studies/

  Anorexia nervosa is an eating disorder that affects millions of people in the United States, but it’s very misunderstood. […] Anorexia statistics can help us understand anorexia nervosa better, identify the causes and risk factors of anorexia, and ultimately provide better support and treatment from those who with anorexia. […] At least 30 million people in the United States have an eating disorder. […] People with anorexia nervosa are more likely to die by suicide than the general population. […] Anorexia nervosa is more likely to cause death than other eating disorders. […] 1.2% of people 15 and older meet the criteria for anorexia nervosa in their lives. […] Transgender college students are more likely to have eating disorders like anorexia. […] Latinx people are at a slightly elevated risk of anorexia nervosa and extreme dieting. […] Anorexia is slightly less prevalent among Black people, but when present, it takes longer for them to receive a diagnosis. […] 50-80% of the risk of an eating disorder like anorexia is genetic. […] 67% of people with anorexia have a traumatic event that precipitates their eating disorder. […] The best known contributor to anorexia nervosa is body dissatisfaction. […] Eating disorders like anorexia are the most common chronic illness in adolescent females. […] Only one-third of individuals with anorexia receive treatment for it. […] Anorexia nervosa has the highest mortality rate of any mental illness.

• #63

  https://journals.lww.com/co-psychiatry/fulltext/2006/07000/incidence,_prevalence_and_mortality_of_anorexia.10.aspx

  General-practice studies show that the overall incidence rates of anorexia nervosa remained stable during the 1990s, compared with the 1980s. […] Anorexia nervosa is a common disorder among young white females, but is extremely rare among black females. […] Recent studies confirm previous findings of the high mortality rate within the anorexia nervosa population. […] The incidence of anorexia nervosa is around eight per 100 000 persons per year. […] An upward trend has been observed in the incidence of anorexia nervosa in the past century till the 1970s. […] The most substantial increase was among females aged 15-24 years, for whom a significant increase was observed from 1935 to 1999. […] The average prevalence rates for anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa among young females are 0.3 and 1%, respectively. […] Only a minority of people with eating disorders, especially with bulimia nervosa, are treated in mental healthcare.

• #64

  https://journals.lww.com/co-psychiatry/fulltext/2006/07000/incidence,_prevalence_and_mortality_of_anorexia.10.aspx

  General-practice studies show that the overall incidence rates of anorexia nervosa remained stable during the 1990s, compared with the 1980s. […] Anorexia nervosa is a common disorder among young white females, but is extremely rare among black females. […] Recent studies confirm previous findings of the high mortality rate within the anorexia nervosa population. […] The incidence of anorexia nervosa is around eight per 100 000 persons per year. […] An upward trend has been observed in the incidence of anorexia nervosa in the past century till the 1970s. […] The most substantial increase was among females aged 15-24 years, for whom a significant increase was observed from 1935 to 1999. […] The average prevalence rates for anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa among young females are 0.3 and 1%, respectively. […] Only a minority of people with eating disorders, especially with bulimia nervosa, are treated in mental healthcare.

• #65 Incidence, prevalence and mortality of anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8500372/

  The incidence of anorexia nervosa is increasing in younger girls (15 years) has important implications for future research into risk factors, the development of prevention programs for younger subjects, and the planning of healthcare services. […] In summary, recent findings accentuate high mortality rates for anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa, with highest rates among those who received inpatient treatment for anorexia nervosa.

• #66 Anorexia nervosa | Radiology Reference Article | Radiopaedia.org

  https://radiopaedia.org/articles/anorexia-nervosa?lang=us

  The lifetime prevalence of anorexia nervosa is 0.66-1.9% based on geographical location, with a higher prevalence in developed countries. […] Females are ten times more likely to be diagnosed with anorexia nervosa compared to men. […] The lifetime incidence of anorexia nervosa has increased from 0.1 to 5.4 per 100,000 over the last fifty years. In females aged 15-19 years, the incidence has increased from 56.4 to 109 per 100,000 person-years 1.

• #67 Why are eating disorders on the rise? | OHSU

  https://www.ohsu.edu/womens-health/why-are-eating-disorders-rise

  Eating disorders are more common than many think. According to the National Eating Disorder Association (NEDA), 28.8 million people in the United States will experience an eating disorder in their lifetime. They can affect anyone, regardless of age, race or gender. However, data shows eating disorders are twice as prevalent among females than males. Transgender and nonbinary people also experience eating disorders at higher rates. […] Eating disorders are now on the rise worldwide. Between 2000 and 2018, prevalence more than doubled (3.4% to 7.8% of all people). […] The most common types of eating disorders are anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa and binge eating disorder. Other eating disorders include Avoidant Restrictive Food Intake Disorder (ARFID) and orthrexia. These conditions can be serious and life-threatening. Of all mental health conditions, anorexia nervosa has the highest death rate. […] In March and April of 2020, the National Eating Disorders Association saw a 75% rise in messages to their helpline, compared to the same window the previous year.

• #68 Incidence and outcomes of eating disorders during the COVID-19 pandemic | The British Journal of Psychiatry | Cambridge Core

  https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/the-british-journal-of-psychiatry/article/incidence-and-outcomes-of-eating-disorders-during-the-covid19-pandemic/ACFCF65FF7B1D07CCF1DDC628C50C7CA

  There are concerns that eating disorders have become commoner during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. […] The increase occurred solely in females, and primarily related to teenagers and anorexia nervosa. […] The incidence of a first diagnosis of an eating disorder has increased during the pandemic. […] The increased risk of eating disorders during the pandemic period was limited to females, was greatest for 10- to 19-year-olds, and mostly affected anorexia nervosa diagnoses. […] These data show an increased incidence of eating disorders during the COVID-19 pandemic, and with higher rates of suicidal behaviour among those diagnosed. […] The finding that the increase was seen only in females, and was greater in teenagers and for anorexia nervosa, may help focus future investigations. […] Our findings support the view that the incidence and outcomes of eating disorders have been adversely affected by the COVID-19 pandemic.

• #69 Why are eating disorders on the rise? | OHSU

  https://www.ohsu.edu/womens-health/why-are-eating-disorders-rise

  Eating disorders are more common than many think. According to the National Eating Disorder Association (NEDA), 28.8 million people in the United States will experience an eating disorder in their lifetime. They can affect anyone, regardless of age, race or gender. However, data shows eating disorders are twice as prevalent among females than males. Transgender and nonbinary people also experience eating disorders at higher rates. […] Eating disorders are now on the rise worldwide. Between 2000 and 2018, prevalence more than doubled (3.4% to 7.8% of all people). […] The most common types of eating disorders are anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa and binge eating disorder. Other eating disorders include Avoidant Restrictive Food Intake Disorder (ARFID) and orthrexia. These conditions can be serious and life-threatening. Of all mental health conditions, anorexia nervosa has the highest death rate. […] In March and April of 2020, the National Eating Disorders Association saw a 75% rise in messages to their helpline, compared to the same window the previous year.

• #70 Trends in the Incidence of Eating Disorders Among Active Component Service Members, 2017 to 2021 | Health.mil

  https://www.health.mil/News/Articles/2023/01/01/Incidence-of-Eating-Disorders?type=FAQs

  During this study’s 5-year surveillance period, from 2017 through 2021, annual incidence rates of eating disorders increased from 2.8 cases per 10,000 person-years (p-yrs) to 5.0 cases per 10,000 p-yrs. Periodic Health Assessment (PHA) forms completed in the 1-year period before and 1-year period after eating disorder diagnosis indicated increased prevalence of major life stressors, depression, and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) following diagnosis. […] Increased incidence of eating disorders suggests need for promoting prevention and treatment among service members to improve medical readiness. PHA forms may provide greater insight into service members physical and mental well-being before and after eating disorder diagnoses. […] In this study, annual incidence rates of total eating disorders increased by approximately 79% between 2017 and 2021, with OUED accounting for the highest rates in military personnel when analyzed by type of eating disorder. Rates of BN and BED also notably increased throughout the surveillance period. Although rates of AN remained relatively stable in this study, it increased in 2021 among female service members.

• #71 Trends in the Incidence of Eating Disorders Among Active Component Service Members, 2017 to 2021 | Health.mil

  https://www.health.mil/News/Articles/2023/01/01/Incidence-of-Eating-Disorders?type=FAQs

  The surveillance period includes the COVID-19 pandemic, during which this study documented a temporal increase of eating disorder diagnoses among military personnel. While incidence rates of eating disorders were rising from 2017 to 2019, a marked shift in rates occurred from 2020 to 2021. These results are similar to findings among civilian populations demonstrating increased incidence of eating disorders during the COVID-19 pandemic, as aspects of pandemic life exacerbated eating disorder behaviors, due to multiple factors. […] Although women in military service are more likely to be diagnosed with an eating disorder, the rise in eating disorders attributable to OUED and BED among men in this study is noteworthy. Increased incidence of male eating disorders was most prominent in 2021. Higher prevalence increases of reported major life stressors (PD: 2.6%), PTSD (PD: 2.0%), and depression (PD: 1.1%) occurred in men diagnosed with an eating disorder in 2021 compared to those diagnosed in 2020.

• #72 Anorexia Nervosa – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK459148/

  All-cause mortality is greater in anorexia nervosa compared to the rest of the population. It has one of the highest mortality rates of all eating disorders due to medical complications, substance abuse, and suicide. Patients with anorexia nervosa have increased rates of suicide, and this accounts for 25% of deaths associated with the disorder.

• #73 Eating Disorder Statistics & Key Research | Eating Disorders Victoria

  https://eatingdisorders.org.au/eating-disorders-a-z/eating-disorder-statistics-and-key-research/

  75% of people diagnosed with Anorexia Nervosa and 83% of people diagnosed with Bulimia Nervosa are between 12 and 25 years (Volpe et al., 2016). […] Though research is limited, it has been estimated that eating disorders incidence is much higher in Indigenous populations with estimates that up to 27% are affected (Burt, et al., 2020). […] A recent research study found that 28% of Indigenous high school students have an eating disorder compared to 22% of other Australian teens (Burt et al., 2020). […] Eating disorders, along with substance use disorders, have the highest mortality rate of all psychiatric disorders (Chesney, Goodwin Fazel, 2014). […] The mortality rate of those with Anorexia Nervosa is higher than other eating disorders (Fichter Quadflieg, 2016). […] People with Anorexia Nervosa are more than 31 times more likely to attempt suicide and those with Bulimia Nervosa 7.5 times more likely to attempt suicide than the general population (Preti et.al, 2011).

• #74

  https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11920-012-0282-y

  Anorexia nervosa is relatively common among young women. While the overall incidence rate remained stable over the past decades, there has been an increase in the high risk-group of 15-19 year old girls. […] All eating disorders have an elevated mortality risk; anorexia nervosa the most striking. […] The incidence rate of anorexia nervosa among females aged 15-19 years increased significantly from 56.4 per 100,000 person-years in 1985-1989 to 109.2 per 100,000 person-years in 1995-1999. […] In a meta-analysis of excess mortality in the 1990s, anorexia nervosa was associated with the highest rate of mortality among all mental disorders. […] The overall standardized mortality ratio for anorexia nervosa was 5.86 (95 % CI: 4.17-8.26) with a mean follow-up period of 14 years. […] In a Swedish study, a significantly higher mortality rate (4.4 % vs. 1.2 %) was found among female patients hospitalized due to anorexia nervosa in 1977-1981 compared with those hospitalized in 1987-1991.

• #75 Anorexia Nervosa Statistics 2024: 14 Shocking Facts

  https://breakbingeeating.com/anorexia-nervosa-statistics/

  Anorexia nervosa is an eating disorder on the rise, and the seriousness of this illness is underscored by the fact that anorexia nervosa is associated with the highest mortality rates of all psychiatric disorders. […] Based on international data, the lifetime prevalence of anorexia nervosa for females ranges from 0.3%-1.5% and for males range from 0.1%-0.5%. […] Anorexia nervosa has a mortality rate that is around 12 times higher than the mortality rates from all other causes. […] Females with anorexia nervosa outnumber males with anorexia nervosa on a 10:1 ratio. […] The standardized mortality ratio (SMR) for anorexia nervosa, which is the percentage of observed deaths in the study population divided by the percentage of expected deaths in the entire population of origin, is 5.9. […] In the Netherlands, from 1985-2019, the incidence of Anorexia Nervosa among 10- to 14-year-old females increased significantly from 8.6 to 38.6 per 100,000 people.

• #76 Anorexia Nervosa: What It Is, Causes, Symptoms & Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/9794-anorexia-nervosa

  Anorexia nervosa affects 0.3% to 1% of people in the United States. It can affect anyone of any age. But it more commonly affects females. […] A person with anorexia or any eating disorder will have the best recovery outcome if they receive an early diagnosis. If you or someone you know is experiencing signs and symptoms of anorexia, be sure to talk to a provider as soon as possible. […] Without treatment, anorexia is potentially life-threatening. Eating disorders, including anorexia, are among the deadliest mental health conditions. People with anorexia are five times more likely to die prematurely and 18 times more likely to die by suicide.

• #77 Anorexia Nervosa – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK459148/

  All-cause mortality is greater in anorexia nervosa compared to the rest of the population. It has one of the highest mortality rates of all eating disorders due to medical complications, substance abuse, and suicide. Patients with anorexia nervosa have increased rates of suicide, and this accounts for 25% of deaths associated with the disorder.

• #78 Eating Disorder Statistics & Key Research | Eating Disorders Victoria

  https://eatingdisorders.org.au/eating-disorders-a-z/eating-disorder-statistics-and-key-research/

  75% of people diagnosed with Anorexia Nervosa and 83% of people diagnosed with Bulimia Nervosa are between 12 and 25 years (Volpe et al., 2016). […] Though research is limited, it has been estimated that eating disorders incidence is much higher in Indigenous populations with estimates that up to 27% are affected (Burt, et al., 2020). […] A recent research study found that 28% of Indigenous high school students have an eating disorder compared to 22% of other Australian teens (Burt et al., 2020). […] Eating disorders, along with substance use disorders, have the highest mortality rate of all psychiatric disorders (Chesney, Goodwin Fazel, 2014). […] The mortality rate of those with Anorexia Nervosa is higher than other eating disorders (Fichter Quadflieg, 2016). […] People with Anorexia Nervosa are more than 31 times more likely to attempt suicide and those with Bulimia Nervosa 7.5 times more likely to attempt suicide than the general population (Preti et.al, 2011).

• #79

  https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11920-012-0282-y

  Anorexia nervosa is relatively common among young women. While the overall incidence rate remained stable over the past decades, there has been an increase in the high risk-group of 15-19 year old girls. […] All eating disorders have an elevated mortality risk; anorexia nervosa the most striking. […] The incidence rate of anorexia nervosa among females aged 15-19 years increased significantly from 56.4 per 100,000 person-years in 1985-1989 to 109.2 per 100,000 person-years in 1995-1999. […] In a meta-analysis of excess mortality in the 1990s, anorexia nervosa was associated with the highest rate of mortality among all mental disorders. […] The overall standardized mortality ratio for anorexia nervosa was 5.86 (95 % CI: 4.17-8.26) with a mean follow-up period of 14 years. […] In a Swedish study, a significantly higher mortality rate (4.4 % vs. 1.2 %) was found among female patients hospitalized due to anorexia nervosa in 1977-1981 compared with those hospitalized in 1987-1991.

• #80 Anorexia Nervosa – Psychiatric Disorders – MSD Manual Professional Edition

  https://www.msdmanuals.com/professional/psychiatric-disorders/eating-disorders/anorexia-nervosa

  Anorexia nervosa occurs predominantly in girls and young women. Onset is usually during adolescence and rarely after age 40. […] Mortality rates are high, approaching 10% per decade among affected people who come to clinical attention; unrecognized mild disease probably rarely leads to death. […] Children and adolescents treated for anorexia nervosa have better outcomes than adults. […] In adults, BMI is significantly low (usually BMI of 17 kg/m2), and in adolescents, BMI percentile is low (usually 5th percentile) or does not increase as expected for normal growth. […] Endocrine or electrolyte abnormalities or cardiac arrhythmias may develop, and death can occur.

• #81 Anorexia Nervosa – Psychiatric Disorders – MSD Manual Professional Edition

  https://www.msdmanuals.com/professional/psychiatric-disorders/eating-disorders/anorexia-nervosa

  Anorexia nervosa occurs predominantly in girls and young women. Onset is usually during adolescence and rarely after age 40. […] Mortality rates are high, approaching 10% per decade among affected people who come to clinical attention; unrecognized mild disease probably rarely leads to death. […] Children and adolescents treated for anorexia nervosa have better outcomes than adults. […] In adults, BMI is significantly low (usually BMI of 17 kg/m2), and in adolescents, BMI percentile is low (usually 5th percentile) or does not increase as expected for normal growth. […] Endocrine or electrolyte abnormalities or cardiac arrhythmias may develop, and death can occur.

• #82 Anorexia Nervosa: What It Is, Causes, Symptoms & Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/9794-anorexia-nervosa

  Anorexia nervosa affects 0.3% to 1% of people in the United States. It can affect anyone of any age. But it more commonly affects females. […] A person with anorexia or any eating disorder will have the best recovery outcome if they receive an early diagnosis. If you or someone you know is experiencing signs and symptoms of anorexia, be sure to talk to a provider as soon as possible. […] Without treatment, anorexia is potentially life-threatening. Eating disorders, including anorexia, are among the deadliest mental health conditions. People with anorexia are five times more likely to die prematurely and 18 times more likely to die by suicide.

• #83 Anorexia Nervosa – Psychiatric Disorders – MSD Manual Professional Edition

  https://www.msdmanuals.com/professional/psychiatric-disorders/eating-disorders/anorexia-nervosa

  Anorexia nervosa occurs predominantly in girls and young women. Onset is usually during adolescence and rarely after age 40. […] Mortality rates are high, approaching 10% per decade among affected people who come to clinical attention; unrecognized mild disease probably rarely leads to death. […] Children and adolescents treated for anorexia nervosa have better outcomes than adults. […] In adults, BMI is significantly low (usually BMI of 17 kg/m2), and in adolescents, BMI percentile is low (usually 5th percentile) or does not increase as expected for normal growth. […] Endocrine or electrolyte abnormalities or cardiac arrhythmias may develop, and death can occur.

• #84 Epidemiology of eating disorders: population, prevalence, disease burden and quality of life informing public policy in Australia—a rapid review | Journal of Eating Disorders | Full Text

  https://jeatdisord.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s40337-023-00738-7

  Similarly, limited evidence on First Australians (Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander) suggests prevalence rates similar to non-Indigenous Australians. […] Global disease burden of any eating disorder was 43.4 age-standardised disability-adjusted-life-years per 100,000; increasing by 9.4% between 2007 and 2017. […] Australians total economic cost was estimated at $84 billion from years-of-life lost due to disability and death, and annual lost earnings ~ $1.646 billion. […] There is no doubt that eating disorder prevalence and impact are on the rise, particularly in at-risk and understudied populations. […] Future research should examine more representative samples. […] There is an urgent need for more refined epidemiological methods to better understand these complex illnesses over time, to guide health policy and development-of-care.

• #85 Eating Disorders Public Health Surveillance | Policy Translation Overview | Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health

  https://hsph.harvard.edu/research/eating-disorders-striped/policy-translation/eating-disorders-public-health-surveillance/

  The Eating Disorders Public Health Surveillance Working Group is a multi-state, interdisciplinary group of researchers and professionals united by a shared goal of advancing the surveillance of eating disorders in the U.S., with a particular focus on surveillance through the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)s Youth Risk Behavior Survey (YRBS). […] Most recently, STRIPED has been focusing its efforts on the CDCs Youth Risk Behavior Survey (YRBS), a representative survey of high school students in the U.S. For many years, the YRBS was one of the few sources of national data on the prevalence of disordered eating behaviors among youth. […] In summer 2024, the CDC announced that an item assessing binge eating will be included in the 2025 National Youth Risk Behavior Survey (YRBS) Questionnaire, marking the first time in over a decade that such data will be collected. This is a huge win for improving the surveillance of eating disorders in the U.S., and it was the result of years of advocating by STRIPED and its Eating Disorders Public Health Surveillance Working Group, the Eating Disorders Coalition (EDC), the Academy for Eating Disorders (AED), and many other incredible organizations!

• #86 Eating Disorders Public Health Surveillance | Policy Translation Overview | Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health

  https://hsph.harvard.edu/research/eating-disorders-striped/policy-translation/eating-disorders-public-health-surveillance/

  The Eating Disorders Public Health Surveillance Working Group is a multi-state, interdisciplinary group of researchers and professionals united by a shared goal of advancing the surveillance of eating disorders in the U.S., with a particular focus on surveillance through the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)s Youth Risk Behavior Survey (YRBS). […] Most recently, STRIPED has been focusing its efforts on the CDCs Youth Risk Behavior Survey (YRBS), a representative survey of high school students in the U.S. For many years, the YRBS was one of the few sources of national data on the prevalence of disordered eating behaviors among youth. […] In summer 2024, the CDC announced that an item assessing binge eating will be included in the 2025 National Youth Risk Behavior Survey (YRBS) Questionnaire, marking the first time in over a decade that such data will be collected. This is a huge win for improving the surveillance of eating disorders in the U.S., and it was the result of years of advocating by STRIPED and its Eating Disorders Public Health Surveillance Working Group, the Eating Disorders Coalition (EDC), the Academy for Eating Disorders (AED), and many other incredible organizations!

• #87 Bodywhys | Statistics

  https://www.bodywhys.ie/media-research/statistics/

  According to the Health Service Executives (HSE), National Clinical Programme for Eating Disorders launched January 2018: […] Based on epidemiological projections, an estimated 188,895 people in Ireland will experience an eating disorder at some point in their lives. […] It is estimated that approximately 1,757 new cases occur in Ireland each year in the 10-49 age group. […] For the first time, eating disorders accounted for the highest proportion of all under 18 admissions along with depressive disorders. Both disorders accounted for 24% each of all under 18 admissions. […] The proportion of admissions for all under 18s with a primary admission diagnosis of eating disorder has progressively increased from 11% in 2019, 18% in 2020, 23% in 2021, 22% in 2022, to 24% in 2023. […] In July 2023, the Health Research Board (HRB) reported that the number of child and adolescent admissions for eating disorders more than doubled in the last 5 years, from 33 in 2018 to 80 in 2022. […] The number of admissions related to eating disorders among children and adolescents continues to rise: cases have increased from 33 in 2018 to 116 in 2021, with females accounting for 96% of admissions for this diagnosis. […] Overall, eating disorders represented 18% of admissions for under 18s.

• #88 Bodywhys | Statistics

  https://www.bodywhys.ie/media-research/statistics/

  According to the Health Service Executives (HSE), National Clinical Programme for Eating Disorders launched January 2018: […] Based on epidemiological projections, an estimated 188,895 people in Ireland will experience an eating disorder at some point in their lives. […] It is estimated that approximately 1,757 new cases occur in Ireland each year in the 10-49 age group. […] For the first time, eating disorders accounted for the highest proportion of all under 18 admissions along with depressive disorders. Both disorders accounted for 24% each of all under 18 admissions. […] The proportion of admissions for all under 18s with a primary admission diagnosis of eating disorder has progressively increased from 11% in 2019, 18% in 2020, 23% in 2021, 22% in 2022, to 24% in 2023. […] In July 2023, the Health Research Board (HRB) reported that the number of child and adolescent admissions for eating disorders more than doubled in the last 5 years, from 33 in 2018 to 80 in 2022. […] The number of admissions related to eating disorders among children and adolescents continues to rise: cases have increased from 33 in 2018 to 116 in 2021, with females accounting for 96% of admissions for this diagnosis. […] Overall, eating disorders represented 18% of admissions for under 18s.

• #89 Trends in the Incidence of Eating Disorders Among Active Component Service Members, 2017 to 2021 | Health.mil

  https://www.health.mil/News/Articles/2023/01/01/Incidence-of-Eating-Disorders?type=FAQs

  Several limitations to this study should be noted. Due to the secretive nature of eating disorders and fear of military reprimand, incidence of eating disorders is likely underreported within this population. Additionally, differing presentations of eating disorders in men and women may result in underestimation of incidence in male service members, as male presentations may not adhere to a largely female-oriented diagnostic framework.

• #90 Trends in the Incidence of Eating Disorders Among Active Component Service Members, 2017 to 2021 | Health.mil

  https://www.health.mil/News/Articles/2023/01/01/Incidence-of-Eating-Disorders?type=FAQs

  Several limitations to this study should be noted. Due to the secretive nature of eating disorders and fear of military reprimand, incidence of eating disorders is likely underreported within this population. Additionally, differing presentations of eating disorders in men and women may result in underestimation of incidence in male service members, as male presentations may not adhere to a largely female-oriented diagnostic framework.

• #91 Epidemiology of eating disorders: population, prevalence, disease burden and quality of life informing public policy in Australia—a rapid review | Journal of Eating Disorders | Full Text

  https://jeatdisord.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s40337-023-00738-7

  Similarly, limited evidence on First Australians (Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander) suggests prevalence rates similar to non-Indigenous Australians. […] Global disease burden of any eating disorder was 43.4 age-standardised disability-adjusted-life-years per 100,000; increasing by 9.4% between 2007 and 2017. […] Australians total economic cost was estimated at $84 billion from years-of-life lost due to disability and death, and annual lost earnings ~ $1.646 billion. […] There is no doubt that eating disorder prevalence and impact are on the rise, particularly in at-risk and understudied populations. […] Future research should examine more representative samples. […] There is an urgent need for more refined epidemiological methods to better understand these complex illnesses over time, to guide health policy and development-of-care.

• #92 Comparison of the burden of anorexia nervosa in the Middle East and North Africa region between 1990 and 2019 | Journal of Eating Disorders | Full Text

  https://jeatdisord.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s40337-022-00718-3

  Anorexia nervosa (AN) is a complex and heritable psychiatric disorder, which imposes significant mortality and morbidity on sufferers globally. We aimed to report the prevalence, incidence and disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) attributable to AN in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region by age, sex and socio-demographic index (SDI), between 1990 and 2019. […] In 2019, the estimated age-standardised point prevalence and incidence rate of AN (per 100,000) in MENA were 49.3 (95% UI: 34.670.4) and 16.0 (11.322.0), which were 11.4% (7.315.4) and 5.9% (2.69.1) higher than in 1990, respectively. Furthermore, the regional age-standardised DALY rate was 10.6 (6.317.0) per 100,000 in 2019, which was 11.8% (5.219.1) higher than in 1990. […] The burden of AN in the MENA region increased between 1990 and 2019, which indicates that it is likely to become a more serious public health issue in the future. Up-to-date information about the epidemiological trends in the region would allow health policymakers to make informed and appropriate decisions to help address this issue.

• #93 Epidemiology of eating disorders: population, prevalence, disease burden and quality of life informing public policy in Australia—a rapid review | Journal of Eating Disorders | Full Text

  https://jeatdisord.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s40337-023-00738-7

  Similarly, limited evidence on First Australians (Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander) suggests prevalence rates similar to non-Indigenous Australians. […] Global disease burden of any eating disorder was 43.4 age-standardised disability-adjusted-life-years per 100,000; increasing by 9.4% between 2007 and 2017. […] Australians total economic cost was estimated at $84 billion from years-of-life lost due to disability and death, and annual lost earnings ~ $1.646 billion. […] There is no doubt that eating disorder prevalence and impact are on the rise, particularly in at-risk and understudied populations. […] Future research should examine more representative samples. […] There is an urgent need for more refined epidemiological methods to better understand these complex illnesses over time, to guide health policy and development-of-care.

• #94 Cancer Incidence among Patients with Anorexia Nervosa from Sweden, Denmark and Finland | PLOS One

  https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0128018

  A diet with restricted energy content reduces the occurrence of cancer in animal experiments. To determine whether cancer incidence is reduced among patients with anorexia nervosa who tend to have a low intake of energy, we carried out a retrospective cohort study of 22 654 women and 1678 men diagnosed with anorexia nervosa at ages 10-50 years during 1968-2010 according to National Hospital Registers in Sweden, Denmark and Finland. […] In total, 366 cases of cancer (excluding non-melanoma skin cancer) were seen among women with anorexia nervosa, and the IRR for all cancer sites was 0.97 (95% CI = 0.87-1.08) adjusted for age, parity and age at first child. […] There seems to be no general reduction in cancer occurrence among patients with anorexia nervosa, giving little support to the energy restriction hypothesis.

• #95 Cancer Incidence among Patients with Anorexia Nervosa from Sweden, Denmark and Finland | PLOS One

  https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0128018

  The overall cancer incidence among patients with anorexia nervosa from three Nordic countries resembled that of population comparisons. […] Our study does not provide evidence to support that energy restriction reduces cancer occurrence among human beings as we found no general deficit of cancer across various cancer sites in female patients with anorexia nervosa.

• #96 Epidemiology of eating disorders: population, prevalence, disease burden and quality of life informing public policy in Australia—a rapid review | Journal of Eating Disorders | Full Text

  https://jeatdisord.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s40337-023-00738-7

  Similarly, limited evidence on First Australians (Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander) suggests prevalence rates similar to non-Indigenous Australians. […] Global disease burden of any eating disorder was 43.4 age-standardised disability-adjusted-life-years per 100,000; increasing by 9.4% between 2007 and 2017. […] Australians total economic cost was estimated at $84 billion from years-of-life lost due to disability and death, and annual lost earnings ~ $1.646 billion. […] There is no doubt that eating disorder prevalence and impact are on the rise, particularly in at-risk and understudied populations. […] Future research should examine more representative samples. […] There is an urgent need for more refined epidemiological methods to better understand these complex illnesses over time, to guide health policy and development-of-care.

• #97 Anorexia Statistics and Studies – Center For Discovery

  https://centerfordiscovery.com/blog/anorexia-statistics-and-studies/

  Unfortunately, the anorexia statistics and studies we have available fall short of giving us a full picture. […] More inclusive anorexia statistics and studies are sorely needed to understand what causes anorexia in different populations how anorexia nervosa affects people of all gender identities, races, economic status, and weights. […] One of the interesting things we know about men with anorexia is that many patients developed anorexia later in life, and were previously higher weight in childhood and young adulthood. […] The diagnostic criteria has made progress in removing some language that made it far easier to diagnose anorexia in women (such as missing menstrual periods) but the criteria is still biased against individuals with higher body weights.

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