Materiały źródłowe

• #1 How Can You Prevent Anorexia Nervosa?

  https://withinhealth.com/learn/articles/can-you-prevent-anorexia

  Anorexia nervosa (AN) is a complex eating disorder, developing from a mixture of factors rooted in someones physical and mental health as well as their environment and medical history. Its the reason why AN can be challenging to treat and, likewise, unfortunately, why theres no known way to prevent anorexia nervosa. […] Without a primary prevention method, the focus generally shifts to early detection and swift interventions meant not to help prevent anorexia, per se, but to prevent the disease from inflicting serious damage on someones mental, physical, and emotional health. […] Sadly, there’s no way to prevent eating disorders. However, many options exist for stopping these harmful conditions before they cause irreversible damage. […] Treatment for anorexia nervosa can help prevent physical symptoms from getting worse and mental complications from spiraling.

• #2

  https://myhealth.alberta.ca/Health/pages/conditions.aspx?hwid=hw46497

  There is no known way to prevent an eating disorder. But knowing the early signs and seeking treatment right away can help prevent problems caused by an eating disorder. Early treatment may be the best way to prevent it from getting worse. […] Getting early treatment improves your chances of overcoming anorexia.

• #3 Primary Prevention

  https://nedc.com.au/eating-disorders/preventing-eating-disorders/primary-prevention

  Primary prevention interventions aim to prevent the onset or development of an eating disorder and may be universal, selective or indicated. […] These goals include: Improving general health, nutrition and psychological wellbeing, such as self-esteem and positive body image […] Enhancing media literacy, which provides education on the media’s promotion of unrealistic standards. This enables people to critically analyse media messages, thus reducing the risk of developing an eating disorder […] Reducing teasing and bullying, including weight-based teasing. […] Universal prevention efforts target whole communities (e.g. national, local, community, school classroom) and aim to promote general health and wellbeing, foster resilience and reduce the risk of eating disorders among non-symptomatic populations.

• #4 Eating Disorder Prevention – National Eating Disorders Association

  https://www.nationaleatingdisorders.org/prevention/

  Prevention is a planned attempt to change the factors that promote and initiate problems like eating disorders. […] Prevention programs are policies, systems, and interventions developed in order to prevent eating disorder onset in a population. […] Universal prevention programs are aimed at all people in a large to very large population. […] Selective prevention programs are designed to prevent EDs in individuals who do not yet have symptoms but are at risk for an ED due to biological, psychological, or sociocultural factors. […] Indicated/targeted prevention focuses on individuals who are at high or very high risk because they already have mild to moderate ED symptoms. […] Prevention works when well-designed research indicates that a set of changes or a program reduces risk factors, increases protective factors, and over a long period of time significantly reduces the incidence of EDs.

• #5 Primary Prevention

  https://nedc.com.au/eating-disorders/preventing-eating-disorders/primary-prevention

  Primary prevention interventions aim to prevent the onset or development of an eating disorder and may be universal, selective or indicated. […] These goals include: Improving general health, nutrition and psychological wellbeing, such as self-esteem and positive body image […] Enhancing media literacy, which provides education on the media’s promotion of unrealistic standards. This enables people to critically analyse media messages, thus reducing the risk of developing an eating disorder […] Reducing teasing and bullying, including weight-based teasing. […] Universal prevention efforts target whole communities (e.g. national, local, community, school classroom) and aim to promote general health and wellbeing, foster resilience and reduce the risk of eating disorders among non-symptomatic populations.

• #6 Primary Prevention

  https://nedc.com.au/eating-disorders/preventing-eating-disorders/primary-prevention

  Primary prevention interventions aim to prevent the onset or development of an eating disorder and may be universal, selective or indicated. […] These goals include: Improving general health, nutrition and psychological wellbeing, such as self-esteem and positive body image […] Enhancing media literacy, which provides education on the media’s promotion of unrealistic standards. This enables people to critically analyse media messages, thus reducing the risk of developing an eating disorder […] Reducing teasing and bullying, including weight-based teasing. […] Universal prevention efforts target whole communities (e.g. national, local, community, school classroom) and aim to promote general health and wellbeing, foster resilience and reduce the risk of eating disorders among non-symptomatic populations.

• #7 Primary Prevention

  https://nedc.com.au/eating-disorders/preventing-eating-disorders/primary-prevention

  In the short-term, universal prevention programs may increase resilience and decrease risk factors for the development of eating disorders. In the long-term, it is expected that those changes will lead to fewer eating problems and fewer cases of eating disorders in society. […] Selective prevention programs are more discerning in their approach. Instead of targeting the whole population (as with universal prevention), they target those who may be at higher risk of developing disordered eating habits. […] The aims of selective interventions can include: Helping the person identify the costs of pursuing the Western cultural body ideal of ‘thin’ (for girls) or ‘muscular/lean’ (for boys) […] Promoting the adoption of healthy, balanced attitudes towards eating, body, weight, and shape […] Providing education on the unhelpful physical and psychological effects of dieting and extreme dietary restriction.

• #8 Primary Prevention

  https://nedc.com.au/eating-disorders/preventing-eating-disorders/primary-prevention

  Indicated prevention programs are more targeted in their approach. They are designed to maximise early detection and treatment for people with symptoms of eating disorders, who do not meet threshold diagnostic criteria, but who are at high risk of developing an eating disorder. […] The aims of indicated prevention are highly similar to those listed under ‘selective interventions’ above. However, indicated interventions can also work to teach someone with an eating disorder how to engage in non-disordered ways of eating and maintain a healthy weight.

• #9 Prevention Programs

  https://nedc.com.au/eating-disorders/preventing-eating-disorders/prevention-programs

  Eating disorder prevention refers to specific programs or interventions designed to reduce risk factors, enhance protective factors, and ultimately stop the increasing rate of disordered eating and eating disorders in our society. […] Prevention programs have been shown to be cost-effective in reducing the onset of eating disorders and lowering the rates of related concerns such as disordered eating and body image distress. […] Prevention interventions linked to these risk factors include school-based programs to address self-esteem, pressures to conform to sociocultural appearance ideals, body dissatisfaction, media, and social media literacy, dieting and body change behaviours, and interventions involving parents which aim to prevent eating disorders in children. […] Research has shown that the most effective eating disorder prevention programs: Use a health promotion approach, focusing on building self-esteem, positive body image, and a balanced approach to nutrition and physical activity.

• #10 Prevention Programs

  https://nedc.com.au/eating-disorders/preventing-eating-disorders/prevention-programs

  Programs designed to increase positive body image and self esteem should focus on risk factors that can be changed (i.e. thin ideal internalisation, body dissatisfaction, peer pressure, bullying, perfectionism) and on increasing protective factors (i.e. self esteem, social support, respect for diversity).

• #11 Prevention Programs

  https://nedc.com.au/eating-disorders/preventing-eating-disorders/prevention-programs

  Eating disorder prevention refers to specific programs or interventions designed to reduce risk factors, enhance protective factors, and ultimately stop the increasing rate of disordered eating and eating disorders in our society. […] Prevention programs have been shown to be cost-effective in reducing the onset of eating disorders and lowering the rates of related concerns such as disordered eating and body image distress. […] Prevention interventions linked to these risk factors include school-based programs to address self-esteem, pressures to conform to sociocultural appearance ideals, body dissatisfaction, media, and social media literacy, dieting and body change behaviours, and interventions involving parents which aim to prevent eating disorders in children. […] Research has shown that the most effective eating disorder prevention programs: Use a health promotion approach, focusing on building self-esteem, positive body image, and a balanced approach to nutrition and physical activity.

• #12 Prevention and early intervention in eating disorders: findings from a rapid review

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9999654/

  Eating disorders (EDs) are complex psychological disorders, with low rates of detection and early intervention. […] Given high rates of morbidity and mortality, low treatment uptake, and significant rates of relapse, it is important to examine prevention, early intervention, and early recognition initiatives. […] The aim of this review is to identify and evaluate literature on preventative and early intervention programs in EDs. […] There is reasonable evidence to support prevention programs reducing risk factors, particularly as part of school or university-based programs, with established feasibility and relatively high acceptance among students. […] Few longitudinal studies assessing incident cases following participation in a prevention program exist. […] One of the most targeted risk factors, body dissatisfaction, is found in girls as young as 6 years old, indicating a need for further research implementing prevention initiatives at younger ages.

• #13 Prevention and early intervention in eating disorders: findings from a rapid review

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9999654/

  Greater attention should be paid to the implementation of prevention and early intervention programs in identified high-risk cohorts or diverse groups, where a more targeted approach may be necessary. […] Research has shown preventative and early intervention programs can significantly reduce ED risk factors, increase self-awareness and motivation to seek help and treatment. […] To reduce the duration of untreated illness and increase treatment uptake, extensive efforts are needed to bridge the gap between early symptom recognition and timely access to evidence-based specialist services. […] Early intervention aims to target prodromal or at-risk individuals to prevent or delay onset of illness and increase chances of recovery. […] Early, timely access to intervention and enhanced help-seeking behaviour can shorten DUED, hence helping prevent prolonged illness and unnecessary suffering.

• #14 Prevention and early intervention in eating disorders: findings from a rapid review | Journal of Eating Disorders | Full Text

  https://jeatdisord.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s40337-023-00758-3

  Although several prevention and early intervention programs have been shown to significantly reduce risk factors, promote symptom recognition, and encourage help-seeking behaviour, most of these studies have been conducted in older adolescent and university aged students, past the age of peak ED onset. One of the most targeted risk factors, body dissatisfaction, is found in girls as young as 6 years old, indicating a need for further research implementing prevention initiatives at younger ages. […] […] Early intervention aims to target prodromal or at-risk individuals to prevent or delay onset of illness and increase chances of recovery. However, the time from illness onset to first intervention and duration of illness are often conflated in the literature especially for EDs, highlighting the need for more early intervention studies. […]

• #15 Prevention and early intervention in eating disorders: findings from a rapid review

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9999654/

  Greater attention should be paid to the implementation of prevention and early intervention programs in identified high-risk cohorts or diverse groups, where a more targeted approach may be necessary. […] Research has shown preventative and early intervention programs can significantly reduce ED risk factors, increase self-awareness and motivation to seek help and treatment. […] To reduce the duration of untreated illness and increase treatment uptake, extensive efforts are needed to bridge the gap between early symptom recognition and timely access to evidence-based specialist services. […] Early intervention aims to target prodromal or at-risk individuals to prevent or delay onset of illness and increase chances of recovery. […] Early, timely access to intervention and enhanced help-seeking behaviour can shorten DUED, hence helping prevent prolonged illness and unnecessary suffering.

• #16 Prevention and early intervention in eating disorders: findings from a rapid review

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9999654/

  Greater attention should be paid to the implementation of prevention and early intervention programs in identified high-risk cohorts or diverse groups, where a more targeted approach may be necessary. […] Research has shown preventative and early intervention programs can significantly reduce ED risk factors, increase self-awareness and motivation to seek help and treatment. […] To reduce the duration of untreated illness and increase treatment uptake, extensive efforts are needed to bridge the gap between early symptom recognition and timely access to evidence-based specialist services. […] Early intervention aims to target prodromal or at-risk individuals to prevent or delay onset of illness and increase chances of recovery. […] Early, timely access to intervention and enhanced help-seeking behaviour can shorten DUED, hence helping prevent prolonged illness and unnecessary suffering.

• #17 Prevention and early intervention in eating disorders: findings from a rapid review | Journal of Eating Disorders | Full Text

  https://jeatdisord.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s40337-023-00758-3

  Prevention and early intervention in eating disorders: findings from a rapid review […] Eating disorders (EDs) are complex psychological disorders, with low rates of detection and early intervention. They can lead to significant mental and physical health complications, especially if intervention is delayed. Given high rates of morbidity and mortality, low treatment uptake, and significant rates of relapse, it is important to examine prevention, early intervention, and early recognition initiatives. The aim of this review is to identify and evaluate literature on preventative and early intervention programs in EDs. […] […] Research has shown preventative and early intervention programs can significantly reduce ED risk factors, increase self-awareness and motivation to seek help and treatment. Greater allocation of time and resources is important to explore the long-term effectiveness and reach of these interventions within this population, to reduce the prevalence of EDs, particularly within individuals at a greater risk. To reduce the duration of untreated illness and increase treatment uptake, extensive efforts are needed to bridge the gap between early symptom recognition and timely access to evidence-based specialist services. […]

• #18 Prevention and early intervention in eating disorders: findings from a rapid review | Journal of Eating Disorders | Full Text

  https://jeatdisord.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s40337-023-00758-3

  This rapid review aims to identify and evaluate the literature on prevention and early intervention programs in EDs, with a focus on preventing ED onset or reducing existing ED pathology by specifically targeting prodromal ED and the first three years of illness. […] […] Evidence from three reviews identified by the RR suggest that early intervention initiatives provided within the first three years of onset of ED symptomatology may reduce delays in help-seeking by: (1) targeting parents and helping them recognise early signs of ED during peak time of onset in adolescence; (2) increasing motivation for change among patients with ED; and (3) addressing stigma and shame associated with ED pathology. […] […] A public health intervention ‘Psychnet’ delivered in Germany with the objective of facilitating early recognition and treatment in individuals with AN consisted of several different components delivered over a year. These included a public health literacy campaign; an internet-based treatment guide for individuals with ED, their families, and healthcare professionals; a CD prevention program delivered in schools to adolescents; establishment of multidisciplinary networks of practitioners meeting quarterly to discuss the intervention and present ED cases; and implementation of a specialist AN outpatient service. […]

• #19 Anorexia Nervosa

  https://www.nationwidechildrens.org/family-resources-education/family-resources-library/anorexia-nervosa

  Experts dont know how to prevent anorexia. […] It may help if family members have healthy attitudes and actions around weight, food, exercise, and appearance. […] Adults can help children and teens build self-esteem in many ways. This includes academics, hobbies, and volunteer work. Focus on activities that arent related to the way a person looks.

• #20 Anorexia Nervosa: What It Is, Causes, Symptoms & Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/9794-anorexia-nervosa

  Its not always possible to prevent anorexia. But its helpful to start treatment as soon as you develop signs of it. […] In addition, encouraging healthy eating habits and realistic attitudes about food and body image during childhood might help prevent the development or worsening of eating disorders.

• #21 Prevention – Kelty Eating Disorders

  https://keltyeatingdisorders.ca/prevention/prevention-resources/

  Talk to all people about eating disorders and unhealthy attitudes or activities. […] Help others to develop self-esteem based on qualities other than physical appearance. […] Get rid of your scale! Numbers can be deceiving and are only one piece of information. […] Avoid calling a food “good” or “bad.” Food is just food. […] Avoid terms like “junk food”. Consider “treat” or “sometimes” foods. […] Teach others that their self-worth is not related to how they look or how they eat. […] Get rid of your diet! […] Criticize the culture that promotes unhealthy body image. Do not criticize yourself. […] Be aware of advertising, toys, television shows, or even clothing store ads which only show an ‘ideal’ body shape. […] Model positive behaviour towards eating including the social benefits of eating together, enjoyment of eating, and the excitement of trying new foods.

• #22 Eating Disorder Prevention Tips for Parents | The Renfrew Center

  https://renfrewcenter.com/eating-disorder-prevention-tips-for-parents/

  Because we live in a culture obsessed with thinness and dieting, it can be challenging for parents to recognize when their child’s thinking or behavior around food becomes dangerous. Prevention is critical and starts at home. […] While it’s not always possible to prevent an eating disorder, creating a healthy environment at home can significantly reduce the risk. Parents play a critical role in shaping their children’s attitudes toward food, weight, and body image. By fostering a balanced approach to eating and exercise and modeling positive self-esteem, you can lay a strong foundation for your child to develop a healthy relationship with food. […] Prevention also involves being proactive. Educate yourself about eating disorders, their warning signs, and risk factors. Early detection can make a world of difference, so if you notice concerning behaviors, such as excessive dieting, an unusual focus on calories, or frequent negative body talk, don’t hesitate to address these issues with care and compassion. […] Preventing eating disorders starts with education, open communication, and fostering a culture of acceptance. By modeling healthy attitudes toward food and body image, and by addressing harmful behaviors early, you can help create a supportive environment for your children.

• #23 Anorexia Prevention – Eating Disorder Recovery Specialists

  https://eatingdisorderspecialists.com/anorexia-prevention/

  Today, we will look at anorexia prevention. […] The Mayo Clinic says that although there is no way for a parent to guarantee their child will not develop anorexia nervosa or another type of eating disorder. However, they suggest some ways to help foster healthy habits and thought processes. These include: […] Talking to your child. This is especially important because your child could be seeing dangerous ideas on the internet; you can correct any misconceptions your child has and explain the risks of eating choices that are unhealthy to them. […] Help cultivate and reinforce health body image. You can talk to your child about their self-image and explain that bodies vary in shape and sizes. Also, it is important to resist criticizing your own body in front of them, while offering respect and acceptance which can help promote resilience and health self-esteem.

• #24 Anorexia Prevention – Eating Disorder Recovery Specialists

  https://eatingdisorderspecialists.com/anorexia-prevention/

  Avoid dieting around your child. Your food-related habits could influence your childs relationship with food. Eating meals together is a way you can teach your child about eating reasonable portions, having a balanced diet, and avoiding the dangers of dieting. […] Get help from their doctor. Doctors might be able to identify behaviors that suggest the development of an eating disorder; they can also ask your children questions that will help shed light on their situation, as well as keep track of their body mass index to ensure it is healthy.

• #25 Anorexia Prevention – Eating Disorder Recovery Specialists

  https://eatingdisorderspecialists.com/anorexia-prevention/

  Avoid dieting around your child. Your food-related habits could influence your childs relationship with food. Eating meals together is a way you can teach your child about eating reasonable portions, having a balanced diet, and avoiding the dangers of dieting. […] Get help from their doctor. Doctors might be able to identify behaviors that suggest the development of an eating disorder; they can also ask your children questions that will help shed light on their situation, as well as keep track of their body mass index to ensure it is healthy.

• #26 Anorexia Treatment in New Jersey

  https://www.rwjbh.org/treatment-care/mental-health-and-behavioral-health/conditions/eating-disorders/anorexia-nervosa/

  There is no definitive way to prevent anorexia, but there are steps to take to develop healthy eating habits and lifestyle behaviors. Instilling healthy habits in children can help them lower the risk of developing an eating disorder. Here are some ways to help: […] Foster and reinforce a healthy body image in your children, no matter their size or shape. Help them build confidence in ways other than their appearance. […] Have regular, enjoyable family meals. […] Avoid talking about weight at home. Focus instead on having a healthy lifestyle. […] Discourage dieting, especially when it involves unhealthy weight-control behaviors, such as fasting, using weight-loss supplements, laxatives or self-induced vomiting. […] If you have concerns about your eating behaviors or those of your children, talk to your health care provider who can guide you.

• #27 Anorexia Nervosa

  https://www.nationwidechildrens.org/family-resources-education/family-resources-library/anorexia-nervosa

  Experts dont know how to prevent anorexia. […] It may help if family members have healthy attitudes and actions around weight, food, exercise, and appearance. […] Adults can help children and teens build self-esteem in many ways. This includes academics, hobbies, and volunteer work. Focus on activities that arent related to the way a person looks.

• #28 Anorexia Nervosa

  http://healthlibrary.gradyhealth.org/Library/Wellness/Prevention/134,1

  Experts dont know how to prevent anorexia. It may help if family members have healthy attitudes and actions around weight, food, exercise, and appearance. […] Adults can help children and teens build self-esteem in many ways. This includes academics, hobbies, and volunteer work. Focus on activities that arent related to the way a person looks.

• #29 Prevention – Kelty Eating Disorders

  https://keltyeatingdisorders.ca/prevention/prevention-resources/

  Talk to all people about eating disorders and unhealthy attitudes or activities. […] Help others to develop self-esteem based on qualities other than physical appearance. […] Get rid of your scale! Numbers can be deceiving and are only one piece of information. […] Avoid calling a food “good” or “bad.” Food is just food. […] Avoid terms like “junk food”. Consider “treat” or “sometimes” foods. […] Teach others that their self-worth is not related to how they look or how they eat. […] Get rid of your diet! […] Criticize the culture that promotes unhealthy body image. Do not criticize yourself. […] Be aware of advertising, toys, television shows, or even clothing store ads which only show an ‘ideal’ body shape. […] Model positive behaviour towards eating including the social benefits of eating together, enjoyment of eating, and the excitement of trying new foods.

• #30 Prevention – Kelty Eating Disorders

  https://keltyeatingdisorders.ca/prevention/prevention-resources/

  Talk to all people about eating disorders and unhealthy attitudes or activities. […] Help others to develop self-esteem based on qualities other than physical appearance. […] Get rid of your scale! Numbers can be deceiving and are only one piece of information. […] Avoid calling a food “good” or “bad.” Food is just food. […] Avoid terms like “junk food”. Consider “treat” or “sometimes” foods. […] Teach others that their self-worth is not related to how they look or how they eat. […] Get rid of your diet! […] Criticize the culture that promotes unhealthy body image. Do not criticize yourself. […] Be aware of advertising, toys, television shows, or even clothing store ads which only show an ‘ideal’ body shape. […] Model positive behaviour towards eating including the social benefits of eating together, enjoyment of eating, and the excitement of trying new foods.

• #31 Prevention and early intervention in eating disorders: findings from a rapid review

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9999654/

  Eating disorders (EDs) are complex psychological disorders, with low rates of detection and early intervention. […] Given high rates of morbidity and mortality, low treatment uptake, and significant rates of relapse, it is important to examine prevention, early intervention, and early recognition initiatives. […] The aim of this review is to identify and evaluate literature on preventative and early intervention programs in EDs. […] There is reasonable evidence to support prevention programs reducing risk factors, particularly as part of school or university-based programs, with established feasibility and relatively high acceptance among students. […] Few longitudinal studies assessing incident cases following participation in a prevention program exist. […] One of the most targeted risk factors, body dissatisfaction, is found in girls as young as 6 years old, indicating a need for further research implementing prevention initiatives at younger ages.

• #32 Eating Disorders and the School Setting

  https://www.aap.org/en/patient-care/school-health/mental-health-in-schools/eating-disorders-and-the-school-setting/?srsltid=AfmBOorc55jWt2ocexWUAj0wd0YtenyMJkxhCubInNw5ZMW2pPXcqeKs

  Early identification and treatment are associated with improved outcomes for young people struggling with eating disorders. […] School staff can play an important role in prevention and identification. […] Coaches and athletic staff, especially in sports that place an emphasis on weight through classifications (eg, wrestling) or perceived performance benefits/ideals (eg, dance, distance running, gymnastics) should be well educated on prevention and identification. […] Create a school environment where all students of all body sizes feel safe and welcome. […] Address healthy habits, not weight. […] Discuss media literacy, use of enhanced images. […] Incorporate eating disorder education into health education classes. […] Ensure nutrition education uses sensitive, non-stigmatizing language.

• #33 Eating Disorders and the School Setting

  https://www.aap.org/en/patient-care/school-health/mental-health-in-schools/eating-disorders-and-the-school-setting/?srsltid=AfmBOorc55jWt2ocexWUAj0wd0YtenyMJkxhCubInNw5ZMW2pPXcqeKs

  Early identification and treatment are associated with improved outcomes for young people struggling with eating disorders. […] School staff can play an important role in prevention and identification. […] Coaches and athletic staff, especially in sports that place an emphasis on weight through classifications (eg, wrestling) or perceived performance benefits/ideals (eg, dance, distance running, gymnastics) should be well educated on prevention and identification. […] Create a school environment where all students of all body sizes feel safe and welcome. […] Address healthy habits, not weight. […] Discuss media literacy, use of enhanced images. […] Incorporate eating disorder education into health education classes. […] Ensure nutrition education uses sensitive, non-stigmatizing language.

• #34 Eating Disorders and the School Setting

  https://www.aap.org/en/patient-care/school-health/mental-health-in-schools/eating-disorders-and-the-school-setting/?srsltid=AfmBOorc55jWt2ocexWUAj0wd0YtenyMJkxhCubInNw5ZMW2pPXcqeKs

  Early identification and treatment are associated with improved outcomes for young people struggling with eating disorders. […] School staff can play an important role in prevention and identification. […] Coaches and athletic staff, especially in sports that place an emphasis on weight through classifications (eg, wrestling) or perceived performance benefits/ideals (eg, dance, distance running, gymnastics) should be well educated on prevention and identification. […] Create a school environment where all students of all body sizes feel safe and welcome. […] Address healthy habits, not weight. […] Discuss media literacy, use of enhanced images. […] Incorporate eating disorder education into health education classes. […] Ensure nutrition education uses sensitive, non-stigmatizing language.

• #35 Eating Disorders and the School Setting

  https://www.aap.org/en/patient-care/school-health/mental-health-in-schools/eating-disorders-and-the-school-setting/?srsltid=AfmBOorc55jWt2ocexWUAj0wd0YtenyMJkxhCubInNw5ZMW2pPXcqeKs

  Early identification and treatment are associated with improved outcomes for young people struggling with eating disorders. […] School staff can play an important role in prevention and identification. […] Coaches and athletic staff, especially in sports that place an emphasis on weight through classifications (eg, wrestling) or perceived performance benefits/ideals (eg, dance, distance running, gymnastics) should be well educated on prevention and identification. […] Create a school environment where all students of all body sizes feel safe and welcome. […] Address healthy habits, not weight. […] Discuss media literacy, use of enhanced images. […] Incorporate eating disorder education into health education classes. […] Ensure nutrition education uses sensitive, non-stigmatizing language.

• #36 Eating Disorders and the School Setting

  https://www.aap.org/en/patient-care/school-health/mental-health-in-schools/eating-disorders-and-the-school-setting/?srsltid=AfmBOorc55jWt2ocexWUAj0wd0YtenyMJkxhCubInNw5ZMW2pPXcqeKs

  Early identification and treatment are associated with improved outcomes for young people struggling with eating disorders. […] School staff can play an important role in prevention and identification. […] Coaches and athletic staff, especially in sports that place an emphasis on weight through classifications (eg, wrestling) or perceived performance benefits/ideals (eg, dance, distance running, gymnastics) should be well educated on prevention and identification. […] Create a school environment where all students of all body sizes feel safe and welcome. […] Address healthy habits, not weight. […] Discuss media literacy, use of enhanced images. […] Incorporate eating disorder education into health education classes. […] Ensure nutrition education uses sensitive, non-stigmatizing language.

• #37 Eating Disorders and the School Setting

  https://www.aap.org/en/patient-care/school-health/mental-health-in-schools/eating-disorders-and-the-school-setting/?srsltid=AfmBOorc55jWt2ocexWUAj0wd0YtenyMJkxhCubInNw5ZMW2pPXcqeKs

  Early identification and treatment are associated with improved outcomes for young people struggling with eating disorders. […] School staff can play an important role in prevention and identification. […] Coaches and athletic staff, especially in sports that place an emphasis on weight through classifications (eg, wrestling) or perceived performance benefits/ideals (eg, dance, distance running, gymnastics) should be well educated on prevention and identification. […] Create a school environment where all students of all body sizes feel safe and welcome. […] Address healthy habits, not weight. […] Discuss media literacy, use of enhanced images. […] Incorporate eating disorder education into health education classes. […] Ensure nutrition education uses sensitive, non-stigmatizing language.

• #38 Eating Disorders and the School Setting

  https://www.aap.org/en/patient-care/school-health/mental-health-in-schools/eating-disorders-and-the-school-setting/?srsltid=AfmBOorc55jWt2ocexWUAj0wd0YtenyMJkxhCubInNw5ZMW2pPXcqeKs

  Early identification and treatment are associated with improved outcomes for young people struggling with eating disorders. […] School staff can play an important role in prevention and identification. […] Coaches and athletic staff, especially in sports that place an emphasis on weight through classifications (eg, wrestling) or perceived performance benefits/ideals (eg, dance, distance running, gymnastics) should be well educated on prevention and identification. […] Create a school environment where all students of all body sizes feel safe and welcome. […] Address healthy habits, not weight. […] Discuss media literacy, use of enhanced images. […] Incorporate eating disorder education into health education classes. […] Ensure nutrition education uses sensitive, non-stigmatizing language.

• #39 Eating Disorder Prevention – National Eating Disorders Association

  https://www.nationaleatingdisorders.org/prevention/

  Although universal ED prevention programs have had some success, in general, selective and indicated/targeted prevention programs have shown more robust and lasting positive effects. […] We also need much more program development and research into applying well-established prevention science approaches to EDs. […] Researchers have identified certain elements of prevention programs which can indicate whether they will be successful. […] The Body Project is a group-based intervention that provides a forum for girls and women to confront unrealistic beauty ideals and develop healthy body image through verbal, written, and behavioral exercises.

• #40 Prevention of eating disorders: current evidence-base for dissonance-based programmes and future directions | Eating and Weight Disorders – Studies on Anorexia, Bulimia and Obesity

  https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s40519-019-00719-3

  As noted, the most empirical support has accumulated for dissonance-based ED prevention programmes, often referred to as the Body Project, which has included numerous randomized trials and rigorous tests of the intervention theory carried out by multiple, independent research labs/teams. […] This prevention approach is based on the social psychological principle of cognitive-dissonance theory, which holds that people are motivated to maintain consistency between their attitudes and behaviours, and when people engage in behaviours that are inconsistent with their attitudes, they experience psychological discomfort that prompts them to align their attitude with their behaviour. […] Over the past 2 decades, the ED field has made significant strides in successfully translating basic ED risk factor research into preventive interventions with documented effectiveness and efficacy in reducing ED risk factors and symptomatology, as well as future ED onset in multiple randomized controlled trials. […] It is important that large-scale randomized controlled trials test the hypothesis that the Body Project reduces future onset of women’s EDs in Europe, translating principles that have proven effective in another culture and addressing a major public health problem.

• #41 Prevention – Kelty Eating Disorders

  https://keltyeatingdisorders.ca/prevention/prevention-resources/

  We can all help to prevent eating disorders. There are many different ways to bring about powerful and positive changes in your home, workplace, school – anywhere! […] Here are a few ideas that you can use today to help prevent eating disorders: […] Take steps to learn more about eating disorders and how to prevent them. […] Speak out about the “thin ideal” and the negative impact it can have. […] Be a positive role model and choose to live a healthy, well-rounded lifestyle. […] Recognize that health and well-being comes in all shapes and sizes. […] Become aware of the factors that can contribute to the development of eating disorders. […] Do not engage in “fat” talk! Change the conversation or remind yourself not to use it. […] Start to notice and to question the messaging about “beauty” and “ideal body types” that we all receive daily from the media and the people around us. Refuse to accept what the media presents as “beautiful”.

• #42 Prevention – Kelty Eating Disorders

  https://keltyeatingdisorders.ca/prevention/prevention-resources/

  We can all help to prevent eating disorders. There are many different ways to bring about powerful and positive changes in your home, workplace, school – anywhere! […] Here are a few ideas that you can use today to help prevent eating disorders: […] Take steps to learn more about eating disorders and how to prevent them. […] Speak out about the “thin ideal” and the negative impact it can have. […] Be a positive role model and choose to live a healthy, well-rounded lifestyle. […] Recognize that health and well-being comes in all shapes and sizes. […] Become aware of the factors that can contribute to the development of eating disorders. […] Do not engage in “fat” talk! Change the conversation or remind yourself not to use it. […] Start to notice and to question the messaging about “beauty” and “ideal body types” that we all receive daily from the media and the people around us. Refuse to accept what the media presents as “beautiful”.

• #43 Prevention – Kelty Eating Disorders

  https://keltyeatingdisorders.ca/prevention/prevention-resources/

  We can all help to prevent eating disorders. There are many different ways to bring about powerful and positive changes in your home, workplace, school – anywhere! […] Here are a few ideas that you can use today to help prevent eating disorders: […] Take steps to learn more about eating disorders and how to prevent them. […] Speak out about the “thin ideal” and the negative impact it can have. […] Be a positive role model and choose to live a healthy, well-rounded lifestyle. […] Recognize that health and well-being comes in all shapes and sizes. […] Become aware of the factors that can contribute to the development of eating disorders. […] Do not engage in “fat” talk! Change the conversation or remind yourself not to use it. […] Start to notice and to question the messaging about “beauty” and “ideal body types” that we all receive daily from the media and the people around us. Refuse to accept what the media presents as “beautiful”.

• #44 Prevention – Kelty Eating Disorders

  https://keltyeatingdisorders.ca/prevention/prevention-resources/

  Talk to all people about eating disorders and unhealthy attitudes or activities. […] Help others to develop self-esteem based on qualities other than physical appearance. […] Get rid of your scale! Numbers can be deceiving and are only one piece of information. […] Avoid calling a food “good” or “bad.” Food is just food. […] Avoid terms like “junk food”. Consider “treat” or “sometimes” foods. […] Teach others that their self-worth is not related to how they look or how they eat. […] Get rid of your diet! […] Criticize the culture that promotes unhealthy body image. Do not criticize yourself. […] Be aware of advertising, toys, television shows, or even clothing store ads which only show an ‘ideal’ body shape. […] Model positive behaviour towards eating including the social benefits of eating together, enjoyment of eating, and the excitement of trying new foods.

• #45 Prevention – Kelty Eating Disorders

  https://keltyeatingdisorders.ca/prevention/prevention-resources/

  Talk to all people about eating disorders and unhealthy attitudes or activities. […] Help others to develop self-esteem based on qualities other than physical appearance. […] Get rid of your scale! Numbers can be deceiving and are only one piece of information. […] Avoid calling a food “good” or “bad.” Food is just food. […] Avoid terms like “junk food”. Consider “treat” or “sometimes” foods. […] Teach others that their self-worth is not related to how they look or how they eat. […] Get rid of your diet! […] Criticize the culture that promotes unhealthy body image. Do not criticize yourself. […] Be aware of advertising, toys, television shows, or even clothing store ads which only show an ‘ideal’ body shape. […] Model positive behaviour towards eating including the social benefits of eating together, enjoyment of eating, and the excitement of trying new foods.

• #46 Prevention – Kelty Eating Disorders

  https://keltyeatingdisorders.ca/prevention/prevention-resources/

  Help parents and teachers to think about their own attitudes. Their behaviour, language, eating and physical activities influence children immensely. […] Make time and space for meals at school or the workplace. Model taking breaks to eat to those around you. […] Empower others to feel good about themselves for who they are, not how they look. […] Promote understanding of the natural gain in weight that happens during puberty. […] Encourage self-awareness and critical thinking skills. […] Provide others with alternative images of healthy bodies. […] Help those around you to interpret and apply messaging from other areas of health, such as obesity prevention, healthy lifestyle habits. […] Families can nurture healthy eating habits and encourage children to have positive relationships with food: From managing picky eating at mealtimes and taking the pressure off everyone, to promoting a positive body image, parents and caregivers will find practical tips and resources on the Kelty Mental Health website to eating well.

• #47 Eating Disorder Prevention – Eating Disorders Families Australia

  https://edfa.org.au/eating-disorders/how-to-prevent-eating-disorders/

  The good news is prevention is possible and early intervention is the key to a full recovery and shorter duration of illness. […] Eating Disorder Prevention is possible […] Let’s start by learning to adapt healthy attitudes around body shape and weight. […] Be a positive role model for your children. Make an effort to maintain positive, healthy attitudes and behaviours ie; refrain from making comments, evaluations or judgements, negative or positive on the physical appearance of others. […] Manage and educate children on the dangers of social media images and messages. […] Educate boys and girls about various forms of prejudice, including weightism, and help them understand their responsibilities for preventing them. […] Butterfly Body Bright takes a whole school approach to support positive body image in children. Developed by Butterfly’s Prevention Team, Body Bright is a strength-based, evidence-informed program designed for Australian primary schools.

• #48 Bulimia Nervosa Treatment & Management: Approach Considerations, Medical Care, Nonpharmacologic Interventions

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/286485-treatment

  A dissonance-based thin-ideal internalization reduction program has been studied in the past as an eating disorder prevention program. That prevention intervention led to greater decreases in thin-ideal internalization and weight than did a control condition. Dissonance program participants showed significantly greater decreases in thin-ideal internalization, body dissatisfaction, negative affect, eating disorder symptoms, and psychosocial impairment and lower risk for eating pathology onset through 2- to 3-year follow-up than did assessment-only controls.

• #49 Prevention and early intervention in eating disorders: findings from a rapid review

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9999654/

  Greater attention should be paid to the implementation of prevention and early intervention programs in identified high-risk cohorts or diverse groups, where a more targeted approach may be necessary. […] Research has shown preventative and early intervention programs can significantly reduce ED risk factors, increase self-awareness and motivation to seek help and treatment. […] To reduce the duration of untreated illness and increase treatment uptake, extensive efforts are needed to bridge the gap between early symptom recognition and timely access to evidence-based specialist services. […] Early intervention aims to target prodromal or at-risk individuals to prevent or delay onset of illness and increase chances of recovery. […] Early, timely access to intervention and enhanced help-seeking behaviour can shorten DUED, hence helping prevent prolonged illness and unnecessary suffering.

• #50 Anorexia Treatment in New Jersey

  https://www.rwjbh.org/treatment-care/mental-health-and-behavioral-health/conditions/eating-disorders/anorexia-nervosa/

  Eating disorders can affect people of all ages, but they often start in the teen and young adult years. Be mindful of certain risk factors that may increase the risk of developing an eating disorder such as family history, mental health issues, stress, frequent dieting, and a history of being teased or bullied for having a larger body.

• #51 Primary Prevention

  https://nedc.com.au/eating-disorders/preventing-eating-disorders/primary-prevention

  Indicated prevention programs are more targeted in their approach. They are designed to maximise early detection and treatment for people with symptoms of eating disorders, who do not meet threshold diagnostic criteria, but who are at high risk of developing an eating disorder. […] The aims of indicated prevention are highly similar to those listed under ‘selective interventions’ above. However, indicated interventions can also work to teach someone with an eating disorder how to engage in non-disordered ways of eating and maintain a healthy weight.

• #52 Indicated Web-Based Prevention for Women With Anorexia Nervosa Symptoms: Randomized Controlled Efficacy Trial

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9204567/

  This is the first study to evaluate the efficacy of an indicated preventive web-based intervention (SB-AN) for young women at risk for AN in reducing risk factors and symptoms of AN as well as syndrome progression of pre-existing, and onset of newly emerging subclinical syndromes of, AN compared with a wait-list CG. […] The results from this study suggest that the guided web-based intervention SB-AN is the first indicated prevention program to significantly reduce risk factors and symptom progression of AN symptoms such as restrained eating and low body weight. The intervention also shows promise for late onset of newly emerging full-syndrome and subclinical AN syndromes.

• #53 Journal of Medical Internet Research – Indicated Web-Based Prevention for Women With Anorexia Nervosa Symptoms: Randomized Controlled Efficacy Trial

  https://www.jmir.org/2022/6/e35947/

  Background: Although preventive interventions for eating disorders in general have shown promise, interventions specifically targeting individuals at risk for anorexia nervosa (AN) are lacking. […] The major objective of this study was to determine the efficacy of this web-based intervention for women at risk for AN in reducing core risk factors; early symptoms; or syndrome progression of pre-existing, or onset of newly emerging subclinical syndromes of AN compared with a wait-list control group (CG). […] The intervention was specifically developed to target early symptoms and potential risk factors for AN that distinguishes SB-AN from other preventive interventions for EDs. […] The results from this study suggest that the guided web-based intervention SB-AN is the first indicated prevention program to significantly reduce risk factors and symptom progression of AN symptoms such as restrained eating and low body weight. […] The intervention also shows promise for late onset of newly emerging full-syndrome and subclinical AN syndromes.

• #54 Prevention of eating disorders: current evidence-base for dissonance-based programmes and future directions | Eating and Weight Disorders – Studies on Anorexia, Bulimia and Obesity

  https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s40519-019-00719-3

  As noted, the most empirical support has accumulated for dissonance-based ED prevention programmes, often referred to as the Body Project, which has included numerous randomized trials and rigorous tests of the intervention theory carried out by multiple, independent research labs/teams. […] This prevention approach is based on the social psychological principle of cognitive-dissonance theory, which holds that people are motivated to maintain consistency between their attitudes and behaviours, and when people engage in behaviours that are inconsistent with their attitudes, they experience psychological discomfort that prompts them to align their attitude with their behaviour. […] Over the past 2 decades, the ED field has made significant strides in successfully translating basic ED risk factor research into preventive interventions with documented effectiveness and efficacy in reducing ED risk factors and symptomatology, as well as future ED onset in multiple randomized controlled trials. […] It is important that large-scale randomized controlled trials test the hypothesis that the Body Project reduces future onset of women’s EDs in Europe, translating principles that have proven effective in another culture and addressing a major public health problem.

• #55 Journal of Medical Internet Research – Efficacy of a Parent-Based, Indicated Prevention for Anorexia Nervosa: Randomized Controlled Trial

  https://www.jmir.org/2018/12/e296/

  Despite a significant increase in girls EBW percentage, parental participation and adherence to the intervention were low. […] Overall, parent-based, indicated prevention for children at risk for AN does not seem very promising, although it might be useful for parents who engage in the intervention. […] Given the seriousness of the disorder, the poor prognosis, and the associated burden and costs, early preventive interventions are of crucial importance. […] A preventive approach, targeting risk factors and early symptoms for AN combined with elements of FBT, could therefore be beneficial in preventing the onset of the disorder in high-risk adolescents. […] The intervention E@T consists of a 6-session Web-based program for parents accessible over the course of 6 weeks and moderated by eating disorder experts. […] Preventive interventions for ED may generally need to educate parents more explicitly about the potential dangers of early signs of disordered eating, such as dieting or weight loss in a child.

• #56 Eating Disorder Prevention Laws – KLRD

  https://klrd.gov/2024/02/01/eating-disorder-prevention-laws/

  21st Century Cures Act. In 2016, the U.S. Congress enacted the 21st Century Cures Act (Cures Act), which includes two main provisions of an ED prevention bill known as the Anna Westin Act. The first provision creates grants for health care workers who train in ED prevention, detection, or treatment. The second provision amends the mental health parity law to ensure that insurers cover residential ED treatment services at a comparable rate to their coverage of residential treatment for physical ailments. […] Eating Disorders Prevention in Schools Act. In May 2020, the Eating Disorders Prevention in Schools Act was introduced in the U.S. House of Representatives but was not enacted. If enacted, it would have required school districts to develop nutrition programs and physical activity programs to prevent disordered eating.

• #57 Eating Disorder Prevention Laws – KLRD

  https://klrd.gov/2024/02/01/eating-disorder-prevention-laws/

  Prevention in education. In 2022, Louisiana and West Virginia enacted laws requiring public schools to educate students on ED awareness, prevention, and treatment. […] Prevention councils. In 2020, the Kentucky Legislature established an Eating Disorder Council to, among other duties, oversee the development and implementation of ED education and prevention programs and to identify strategies for improving access to services. […] ED treatment. In 2023, the Colorado Legislature enacted broad ED prevention laws to close gaps in treatment services. One law established the Disordered Eating Prevention Program, which is charged with many of the same duties as those mentioned in the previous subsection, with the additional duty of dismantling discrimination and bias with regard to weight. […] Another Colorado prevention law prohibits health benefit plans from using the body mass index (BMI) or other similar standards when determining the appropriate level of care for individuals diagnosed with certain EDs. However, the BMI may be considered in determining the level of care for patients with anorexia, though it may not be the determining factor. Other factors that must be considered when determining a patient’s level of care include the individual’s need for supervised meals, support interventions, and any co-occurring disorders. In an effort to curb the potential development of disordered eating habits, Colorado ED prevention laws prohibit retail establishments from selling over-the-counter diet pills to persons under the age of 18.

• #58 Eating Disorder Prevention Laws – KLRD

  https://klrd.gov/2024/02/01/eating-disorder-prevention-laws/

  Prevention in education. In 2022, Louisiana and West Virginia enacted laws requiring public schools to educate students on ED awareness, prevention, and treatment. […] Prevention councils. In 2020, the Kentucky Legislature established an Eating Disorder Council to, among other duties, oversee the development and implementation of ED education and prevention programs and to identify strategies for improving access to services. […] ED treatment. In 2023, the Colorado Legislature enacted broad ED prevention laws to close gaps in treatment services. One law established the Disordered Eating Prevention Program, which is charged with many of the same duties as those mentioned in the previous subsection, with the additional duty of dismantling discrimination and bias with regard to weight. […] Another Colorado prevention law prohibits health benefit plans from using the body mass index (BMI) or other similar standards when determining the appropriate level of care for individuals diagnosed with certain EDs. However, the BMI may be considered in determining the level of care for patients with anorexia, though it may not be the determining factor. Other factors that must be considered when determining a patient’s level of care include the individual’s need for supervised meals, support interventions, and any co-occurring disorders. In an effort to curb the potential development of disordered eating habits, Colorado ED prevention laws prohibit retail establishments from selling over-the-counter diet pills to persons under the age of 18.

• #59 Eating Disorder Prevention Laws – KLRD

  https://klrd.gov/2024/02/01/eating-disorder-prevention-laws/

  Prevention in education. In 2022, Louisiana and West Virginia enacted laws requiring public schools to educate students on ED awareness, prevention, and treatment. […] Prevention councils. In 2020, the Kentucky Legislature established an Eating Disorder Council to, among other duties, oversee the development and implementation of ED education and prevention programs and to identify strategies for improving access to services. […] ED treatment. In 2023, the Colorado Legislature enacted broad ED prevention laws to close gaps in treatment services. One law established the Disordered Eating Prevention Program, which is charged with many of the same duties as those mentioned in the previous subsection, with the additional duty of dismantling discrimination and bias with regard to weight. […] Another Colorado prevention law prohibits health benefit plans from using the body mass index (BMI) or other similar standards when determining the appropriate level of care for individuals diagnosed with certain EDs. However, the BMI may be considered in determining the level of care for patients with anorexia, though it may not be the determining factor. Other factors that must be considered when determining a patient’s level of care include the individual’s need for supervised meals, support interventions, and any co-occurring disorders. In an effort to curb the potential development of disordered eating habits, Colorado ED prevention laws prohibit retail establishments from selling over-the-counter diet pills to persons under the age of 18.

• #60 New state laws aim to tackle surge in eating disorders | PBS News

  https://www.pbs.org/newshour/health/new-state-laws-aim-to-tackle-surge-in-eating-disorders

  California lawmakers are targeting social media with a bill prohibiting social media platforms from having algorithms or features that expose children to diet products or lead them to develop an eating disorder. […] Another California bill would expand the list of approved facilities that can provide inpatient treatment to people with eating disorders similar to a Texas proposal that would expand Medicaid coverage for mental health services, including eating disorders.

• #61 New state laws aim to tackle surge in eating disorders | PBS News

  https://www.pbs.org/newshour/health/new-state-laws-aim-to-tackle-surge-in-eating-disorders

  California lawmakers are targeting social media with a bill prohibiting social media platforms from having algorithms or features that expose children to diet products or lead them to develop an eating disorder. […] Another California bill would expand the list of approved facilities that can provide inpatient treatment to people with eating disorders similar to a Texas proposal that would expand Medicaid coverage for mental health services, including eating disorders.

• #62 Prevention and early intervention in eating disorders: findings from a rapid review | Journal of Eating Disorders | Full Text

  https://jeatdisord.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s40337-023-00758-3

  This rapid review aims to identify and evaluate the literature on prevention and early intervention programs in EDs, with a focus on preventing ED onset or reducing existing ED pathology by specifically targeting prodromal ED and the first three years of illness. […] […] Evidence from three reviews identified by the RR suggest that early intervention initiatives provided within the first three years of onset of ED symptomatology may reduce delays in help-seeking by: (1) targeting parents and helping them recognise early signs of ED during peak time of onset in adolescence; (2) increasing motivation for change among patients with ED; and (3) addressing stigma and shame associated with ED pathology. […] […] A public health intervention ‘Psychnet’ delivered in Germany with the objective of facilitating early recognition and treatment in individuals with AN consisted of several different components delivered over a year. These included a public health literacy campaign; an internet-based treatment guide for individuals with ED, their families, and healthcare professionals; a CD prevention program delivered in schools to adolescents; establishment of multidisciplinary networks of practitioners meeting quarterly to discuss the intervention and present ED cases; and implementation of a specialist AN outpatient service. […]

• #63 Prevention and early intervention in eating disorders: findings from a rapid review | Journal of Eating Disorders | Full Text

  https://jeatdisord.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s40337-023-00758-3

  This rapid review aims to identify and evaluate the literature on prevention and early intervention programs in EDs, with a focus on preventing ED onset or reducing existing ED pathology by specifically targeting prodromal ED and the first three years of illness. […] […] Evidence from three reviews identified by the RR suggest that early intervention initiatives provided within the first three years of onset of ED symptomatology may reduce delays in help-seeking by: (1) targeting parents and helping them recognise early signs of ED during peak time of onset in adolescence; (2) increasing motivation for change among patients with ED; and (3) addressing stigma and shame associated with ED pathology. […] […] A public health intervention ‘Psychnet’ delivered in Germany with the objective of facilitating early recognition and treatment in individuals with AN consisted of several different components delivered over a year. These included a public health literacy campaign; an internet-based treatment guide for individuals with ED, their families, and healthcare professionals; a CD prevention program delivered in schools to adolescents; establishment of multidisciplinary networks of practitioners meeting quarterly to discuss the intervention and present ED cases; and implementation of a specialist AN outpatient service. […]

• #64 Prevention and early intervention in eating disorders: findings from a rapid review | Journal of Eating Disorders | Full Text

  https://jeatdisord.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s40337-023-00758-3

  This rapid review aims to identify and evaluate the literature on prevention and early intervention programs in EDs, with a focus on preventing ED onset or reducing existing ED pathology by specifically targeting prodromal ED and the first three years of illness. […] […] Evidence from three reviews identified by the RR suggest that early intervention initiatives provided within the first three years of onset of ED symptomatology may reduce delays in help-seeking by: (1) targeting parents and helping them recognise early signs of ED during peak time of onset in adolescence; (2) increasing motivation for change among patients with ED; and (3) addressing stigma and shame associated with ED pathology. […] […] A public health intervention ‘Psychnet’ delivered in Germany with the objective of facilitating early recognition and treatment in individuals with AN consisted of several different components delivered over a year. These included a public health literacy campaign; an internet-based treatment guide for individuals with ED, their families, and healthcare professionals; a CD prevention program delivered in schools to adolescents; establishment of multidisciplinary networks of practitioners meeting quarterly to discuss the intervention and present ED cases; and implementation of a specialist AN outpatient service. […]

• #65 Prevention and early intervention in eating disorders: findings from a rapid review | Journal of Eating Disorders | Full Text

  https://jeatdisord.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s40337-023-00758-3

  This rapid review aims to identify and evaluate the literature on prevention and early intervention programs in EDs, with a focus on preventing ED onset or reducing existing ED pathology by specifically targeting prodromal ED and the first three years of illness. […] […] Evidence from three reviews identified by the RR suggest that early intervention initiatives provided within the first three years of onset of ED symptomatology may reduce delays in help-seeking by: (1) targeting parents and helping them recognise early signs of ED during peak time of onset in adolescence; (2) increasing motivation for change among patients with ED; and (3) addressing stigma and shame associated with ED pathology. […] […] A public health intervention ‘Psychnet’ delivered in Germany with the objective of facilitating early recognition and treatment in individuals with AN consisted of several different components delivered over a year. These included a public health literacy campaign; an internet-based treatment guide for individuals with ED, their families, and healthcare professionals; a CD prevention program delivered in schools to adolescents; establishment of multidisciplinary networks of practitioners meeting quarterly to discuss the intervention and present ED cases; and implementation of a specialist AN outpatient service. […]

• #66 Prevention and early intervention in eating disorders: findings from a rapid review | Journal of Eating Disorders | Full Text

  https://jeatdisord.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s40337-023-00758-3

  This rapid review aims to identify and evaluate the literature on prevention and early intervention programs in EDs, with a focus on preventing ED onset or reducing existing ED pathology by specifically targeting prodromal ED and the first three years of illness. […] […] Evidence from three reviews identified by the RR suggest that early intervention initiatives provided within the first three years of onset of ED symptomatology may reduce delays in help-seeking by: (1) targeting parents and helping them recognise early signs of ED during peak time of onset in adolescence; (2) increasing motivation for change among patients with ED; and (3) addressing stigma and shame associated with ED pathology. […] […] A public health intervention ‘Psychnet’ delivered in Germany with the objective of facilitating early recognition and treatment in individuals with AN consisted of several different components delivered over a year. These included a public health literacy campaign; an internet-based treatment guide for individuals with ED, their families, and healthcare professionals; a CD prevention program delivered in schools to adolescents; establishment of multidisciplinary networks of practitioners meeting quarterly to discuss the intervention and present ED cases; and implementation of a specialist AN outpatient service. […]

• #67 Prevention and early intervention in eating disorders: findings from a rapid review | Journal of Eating Disorders | Full Text

  https://jeatdisord.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s40337-023-00758-3

  This rapid review aims to identify and evaluate the literature on prevention and early intervention programs in EDs, with a focus on preventing ED onset or reducing existing ED pathology by specifically targeting prodromal ED and the first three years of illness. […] […] Evidence from three reviews identified by the RR suggest that early intervention initiatives provided within the first three years of onset of ED symptomatology may reduce delays in help-seeking by: (1) targeting parents and helping them recognise early signs of ED during peak time of onset in adolescence; (2) increasing motivation for change among patients with ED; and (3) addressing stigma and shame associated with ED pathology. […] […] A public health intervention ‘Psychnet’ delivered in Germany with the objective of facilitating early recognition and treatment in individuals with AN consisted of several different components delivered over a year. These included a public health literacy campaign; an internet-based treatment guide for individuals with ED, their families, and healthcare professionals; a CD prevention program delivered in schools to adolescents; establishment of multidisciplinary networks of practitioners meeting quarterly to discuss the intervention and present ED cases; and implementation of a specialist AN outpatient service. […]

• #68 Home – Guideline Relapse Prevention Anorexia Nervosa

  https://relapse-an.com/

  In the leading guidelines in the field of eating disorders, general consensus exists that relapse prevention in patients with AN is essential. […] A recent cohort study in 2016 (See: More Links, at the bottom of this website) showed that while working with the Guideline Relapse Prevention, the rate of full relapse was 11%. This rate of full relapse is much lower than in other studies, indicating that the Guideline Relapse Prevention offers a promising form of intervention for reducing relapse in patients with anorexia nervosa.

• #69 Internet-based relapse prevention for anorexia nervosa: nine- month follow-up | Journal of Eating Disorders | Full Text

  https://jeatdisord.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/2050-2974-1-23

  To study the longer term effects of an internet-based CBT intervention for relapse prevention (RP) in anorexia nervosa. […] Considering the high chronicity of AN, internet-based relapse prevention following intensive treatment appears to be promising. […] However, we also need more effective programs for maintaining an improved level of mental health that was achieved through face-to-face therapy; effective relapse prevention over longer periods of time following intensive treatment is truly essential for AN patients. […] Internet-based programs can also reach patients or persons at risk who can only be reached with great difficulties by more traditional approaches. […] Such programs, however, must not replace traditional service delivery; rather, they should complement and extend the options for medical and psychotherapeutic treatment in situations where there still is a great need.

• #70 Internet-based relapse prevention for anorexia nervosa: nine- month follow-up | Journal of Eating Disorders | Full Text

  https://jeatdisord.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/2050-2974-1-23

  The aim of our study was to evaluate the longer-term efficacy of our internet-based CBT relapse intervention program (RP) for AN compared to a control group of AN patients who did not receive additional treatment from us. […] In conclusion, our follow-up data indicate that RP as well as controls showed further improvement in body weight (BMI), eating attitudes, and eating behaviors. […] For practical purposes based on our data, it would be advisable to offer internet-based relapse prevention programs to patients truly motivated for maintaining the changes achieved through a preceding intensive treatment.

• #71 Internet-based relapse prevention for anorexia nervosa: nine- month follow-up | Journal of Eating Disorders | Full Text

  https://jeatdisord.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/2050-2974-1-23

  The aim of our study was to evaluate the longer-term efficacy of our internet-based CBT relapse intervention program (RP) for AN compared to a control group of AN patients who did not receive additional treatment from us. […] In conclusion, our follow-up data indicate that RP as well as controls showed further improvement in body weight (BMI), eating attitudes, and eating behaviors. […] For practical purposes based on our data, it would be advisable to offer internet-based relapse prevention programs to patients truly motivated for maintaining the changes achieved through a preceding intensive treatment.

• #72 Internet-based relapse prevention for anorexia nervosa: nine- month follow-up | Journal of Eating Disorders | Full Text

  https://jeatdisord.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/2050-2974-1-23

  To study the longer term effects of an internet-based CBT intervention for relapse prevention (RP) in anorexia nervosa. […] Considering the high chronicity of AN, internet-based relapse prevention following intensive treatment appears to be promising. […] However, we also need more effective programs for maintaining an improved level of mental health that was achieved through face-to-face therapy; effective relapse prevention over longer periods of time following intensive treatment is truly essential for AN patients. […] Internet-based programs can also reach patients or persons at risk who can only be reached with great difficulties by more traditional approaches. […] Such programs, however, must not replace traditional service delivery; rather, they should complement and extend the options for medical and psychotherapeutic treatment in situations where there still is a great need.

• #73 Home – Guideline Relapse Prevention Anorexia Nervosa

  https://relapse-an.com/

  In the leading guidelines in the field of eating disorders, general consensus exists that relapse prevention in patients with AN is essential. […] A recent cohort study in 2016 (See: More Links, at the bottom of this website) showed that while working with the Guideline Relapse Prevention, the rate of full relapse was 11%. This rate of full relapse is much lower than in other studies, indicating that the Guideline Relapse Prevention offers a promising form of intervention for reducing relapse in patients with anorexia nervosa.

• #74 Home – Guideline Relapse Prevention Anorexia Nervosa

  https://relapse-an.com/

  In the leading guidelines in the field of eating disorders, general consensus exists that relapse prevention in patients with AN is essential. […] A recent cohort study in 2016 (See: More Links, at the bottom of this website) showed that while working with the Guideline Relapse Prevention, the rate of full relapse was 11%. This rate of full relapse is much lower than in other studies, indicating that the Guideline Relapse Prevention offers a promising form of intervention for reducing relapse in patients with anorexia nervosa.

• #75 Metabolic Diet for Relapse Prevention in Anorexia Nervosa | Mount Sinai – New York

  https://www.mountsinai.org/clinical-trials/metabolic-diet-for-relapse-prevention-in-anorexia-nervosa

  This is an interventional study that will test the safety, tolerability, and efficacy of the Metabolic Diet, which was designed as a treatment for women with anorexia nervosa to remain weight-stable after they have been restored from low weight. […] Participants will be adult women with anorexia nervosa who have been recently restored to normal weight and adult women with no history of eating disorders. […] After enrollment, participants will start meeting weekly with a registered dietitian to implement the Metabolic Diet in their daily lives, and will receive medical monitoring for adherence, side effects, changes in metabolic or psychological parameters, and weight stability.

• #76 Metabolic Diet for Relapse Prevention in Anorexia Nervosa | Mount Sinai – New York

  https://www.mountsinai.org/clinical-trials/metabolic-diet-for-relapse-prevention-in-anorexia-nervosa

  This is an interventional study that will test the safety, tolerability, and efficacy of the Metabolic Diet, which was designed as a treatment for women with anorexia nervosa to remain weight-stable after they have been restored from low weight. […] Participants will be adult women with anorexia nervosa who have been recently restored to normal weight and adult women with no history of eating disorders. […] After enrollment, participants will start meeting weekly with a registered dietitian to implement the Metabolic Diet in their daily lives, and will receive medical monitoring for adherence, side effects, changes in metabolic or psychological parameters, and weight stability.

• #77 Beyond Drive for Thinness: Drive for Leanness in Anorexia Nervosa Prevention and Recovery

  https://www.mdpi.com/2673-4184/4/4/39

  Anorexia nervosa is classified by the American Psychological Association as an eating-related mental disorder, which affects mostly young adult women and adolescent girls. […] The present paper proposes that replacing the drive for thinness in anorexia nervosa with a drive for leanness may help patient recovery, especially when guided by easily accessible body-composition estimates. […] Additionally, replacing a dysfunctional dieting strategy in anorexia nervosa with knowledge, skills, and experience in proper weight management has a potential preventive effect against the disorder. […] More research is needed to investigate the applied effects of the drive for leanness, body-composition assessments, resistance-training programs, and weight-management skills associated with the recovery and prevention of anorexia nervosa.

• #78 Beyond Drive for Thinness: Drive for Leanness in Anorexia Nervosa Prevention and Recovery

  https://www.mdpi.com/2673-4184/4/4/39

  Anorexia nervosa is classified by the American Psychological Association as an eating-related mental disorder, which affects mostly young adult women and adolescent girls. […] The present paper proposes that replacing the drive for thinness in anorexia nervosa with a drive for leanness may help patient recovery, especially when guided by easily accessible body-composition estimates. […] Additionally, replacing a dysfunctional dieting strategy in anorexia nervosa with knowledge, skills, and experience in proper weight management has a potential preventive effect against the disorder. […] More research is needed to investigate the applied effects of the drive for leanness, body-composition assessments, resistance-training programs, and weight-management skills associated with the recovery and prevention of anorexia nervosa.

• #79 Beyond Drive for Thinness: Drive for Leanness in Anorexia Nervosa Prevention and Recovery

  https://www.mdpi.com/2673-4184/4/4/39

  Furthermore, successful application of the information in this paper may be adapted to peer role model programs to prevent anorexia nervosa. […] The paper concludes with a section on physical activity and weight-management programs for AN. Based on an analysis of the reviewed evidence, the paper suggests use of the drive for leanness scale, fat-free mass index, and body-composition equations as potentially valuable intervention tools for individual AN recovery and prevention. […] A comprehensive program that provides knowledge, skills, and experience in proper weight management, and prevents loss of FFM, avoids disordered eating, and modifies hyperactivity, may be vital to long-term AN recovery. […] More research is needed to investigate dysfunctional weight-loss strategies in the etiology of AN, and the incorporation of sound weight management in treatment programs. […] Eventually, successful application of the information in this paper may be adapted to peer role model programs for preventing eating disorders, including AN.

• #80 Anorexia Prevention – Eating Disorder Recovery Specialists

  https://eatingdisorderspecialists.com/anorexia-prevention/

  Today, we will look at anorexia prevention. […] The Mayo Clinic says that although there is no way for a parent to guarantee their child will not develop anorexia nervosa or another type of eating disorder. However, they suggest some ways to help foster healthy habits and thought processes. These include: […] Talking to your child. This is especially important because your child could be seeing dangerous ideas on the internet; you can correct any misconceptions your child has and explain the risks of eating choices that are unhealthy to them. […] Help cultivate and reinforce health body image. You can talk to your child about their self-image and explain that bodies vary in shape and sizes. Also, it is important to resist criticizing your own body in front of them, while offering respect and acceptance which can help promote resilience and health self-esteem.

• #81 Anorexia Prevention – Eating Disorder Recovery Specialists

  https://eatingdisorderspecialists.com/anorexia-prevention/

  Today, we will look at anorexia prevention. […] The Mayo Clinic says that although there is no way for a parent to guarantee their child will not develop anorexia nervosa or another type of eating disorder. However, they suggest some ways to help foster healthy habits and thought processes. These include: […] Talking to your child. This is especially important because your child could be seeing dangerous ideas on the internet; you can correct any misconceptions your child has and explain the risks of eating choices that are unhealthy to them. […] Help cultivate and reinforce health body image. You can talk to your child about their self-image and explain that bodies vary in shape and sizes. Also, it is important to resist criticizing your own body in front of them, while offering respect and acceptance which can help promote resilience and health self-esteem.

• #82 Eating Disorders in Primary Care: Diagnosis and Management | AAFP

  https://www.aafp.org/pubs/afp/issues/2021/0101/p22.html

  For patients of all weight strata, caregivers and clinicians should support healthy, sustainable lifestyle choices such as optimizing family meals, physical activity, and consumption of fruits, vegetables, whole grains, legumes, and water, while limiting sweetened beverages, refined carbohydrates, and entertainment-based screen time. […] Caregivers should be counseled to refrain from commenting on dieting or on weight or other appearance-related attributes. Body dissatisfaction should not serve as the impetus for weight-loss efforts; instead, health and specific health-related goals should be emphasized. […] Acceptance of larger body size may be an important therapeutic target. […] Weight-based victimization should be assessed and confronted because it may contribute to eating pathology and weight gain.

• #83 Eating Disorders in Primary Care: Diagnosis and Management | AAFP

  https://www.aafp.org/pubs/afp/issues/2021/0101/p22.html

  For patients of all weight strata, caregivers and clinicians should support healthy, sustainable lifestyle choices such as optimizing family meals, physical activity, and consumption of fruits, vegetables, whole grains, legumes, and water, while limiting sweetened beverages, refined carbohydrates, and entertainment-based screen time. […] Caregivers should be counseled to refrain from commenting on dieting or on weight or other appearance-related attributes. Body dissatisfaction should not serve as the impetus for weight-loss efforts; instead, health and specific health-related goals should be emphasized. […] Acceptance of larger body size may be an important therapeutic target. […] Weight-based victimization should be assessed and confronted because it may contribute to eating pathology and weight gain.

• #84 Eating Disorders in Primary Care: Diagnosis and Management | AAFP

  https://www.aafp.org/pubs/afp/issues/2021/0101/p22.html

  For patients of all weight strata, caregivers and clinicians should support healthy, sustainable lifestyle choices such as optimizing family meals, physical activity, and consumption of fruits, vegetables, whole grains, legumes, and water, while limiting sweetened beverages, refined carbohydrates, and entertainment-based screen time. […] Caregivers should be counseled to refrain from commenting on dieting or on weight or other appearance-related attributes. Body dissatisfaction should not serve as the impetus for weight-loss efforts; instead, health and specific health-related goals should be emphasized. […] Acceptance of larger body size may be an important therapeutic target. […] Weight-based victimization should be assessed and confronted because it may contribute to eating pathology and weight gain.

• #85 Preventing Chronic Disease: October 2008: 07_0164

  https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2008/oct/07_0164.htm

  Early identification and treatment of disordered eating and weight control behaviors may prevent progression and reduce the risk of chronic health consequences. […] Population screening for eating disorders in high schools may identify at-risk students who would benefit from early intervention, which could prevent acute and long-term complications of disordered eating and weight control behaviors. […] Early identification and intervention for a range of mental health problems may reduce risk of progression of the illness, relapse, and comorbid conditions. […] A shorter period between symptom onset and start of treatment may improve prognosis for recovery from anorexia and bulimia nervosa. […] NEDSP results indicate that school-based screening for eating disorders is appropriate and needed, both in schools that are racially/ethnically diverse and in those that are not diverse.

• #86 Preventing Chronic Disease: October 2008: 07_0164

  https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2008/oct/07_0164.htm

  These findings underscore the suitability of population screening in high schools as a strategy to identify youth in need of clinical evaluation for eating disorders. […] For many of these adolescents, beginning treatment during high school or earlier would improve treatment effectiveness and mitigate acute and chronic complications of disordered eating and weight control behaviors.

• #87 Eating Disorder Prevention – Eating Disorders Families Australia

  https://edfa.org.au/eating-disorders/how-to-prevent-eating-disorders/

  The good news is prevention is possible and early intervention is the key to a full recovery and shorter duration of illness. […] Eating Disorder Prevention is possible […] Let’s start by learning to adapt healthy attitudes around body shape and weight. […] Be a positive role model for your children. Make an effort to maintain positive, healthy attitudes and behaviours ie; refrain from making comments, evaluations or judgements, negative or positive on the physical appearance of others. […] Manage and educate children on the dangers of social media images and messages. […] Educate boys and girls about various forms of prejudice, including weightism, and help them understand their responsibilities for preventing them. […] Butterfly Body Bright takes a whole school approach to support positive body image in children. Developed by Butterfly’s Prevention Team, Body Bright is a strength-based, evidence-informed program designed for Australian primary schools.

• #88 Anorexia Nervosa: Symptoms, Causes, Diagnosis and Treatment

  https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/267432

  Eating disorders can be caused by a variety of factors and there is currently no known way to prevent the development of anorexia nervosa. […] However, recognizing the symptoms and seeking treatment early can help improve the chances of recovery. […] According to the National Eating Disorders Association, prevention programs aimed at reducing factors for eating disorders could also be beneficial. […] These programs typically involve changing public policy, encouraging people to question diet culture and the media, promoting body acceptance, and replacing restrictive diets with practices like intuitive eating.

• #89 Anorexia Nervosa: Symptoms, Causes, Diagnosis and Treatment

  https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/267432

  Eating disorders can be caused by a variety of factors and there is currently no known way to prevent the development of anorexia nervosa. […] However, recognizing the symptoms and seeking treatment early can help improve the chances of recovery. […] According to the National Eating Disorders Association, prevention programs aimed at reducing factors for eating disorders could also be beneficial. […] These programs typically involve changing public policy, encouraging people to question diet culture and the media, promoting body acceptance, and replacing restrictive diets with practices like intuitive eating.

• #90 What Is Anorexia Nervosa? Symptoms, Causes, Diagnosis, Treatment, and Prevention

  https://www.everydayhealth.com/anorexia-nervosa/guide/

  Because a variety of physical, emotional, and social issues lead to eating disorders, all of these areas need to be addressed in order to help prevent disorders from developing. […] This may involve reducing negative risk factors such as body dissatisfaction, depression, and basing self-esteem on appearance and at the same time boosting protective factors, like eating a well-balanced diet and understanding how the body works. […] Parents should encourage healthy attitudes about food and body image.

• #91 What Is Anorexia Nervosa? Symptoms, Causes, Diagnosis, Treatment, and Prevention

  https://www.everydayhealth.com/anorexia-nervosa/guide/

  Because a variety of physical, emotional, and social issues lead to eating disorders, all of these areas need to be addressed in order to help prevent disorders from developing. […] This may involve reducing negative risk factors such as body dissatisfaction, depression, and basing self-esteem on appearance and at the same time boosting protective factors, like eating a well-balanced diet and understanding how the body works. […] Parents should encourage healthy attitudes about food and body image.

• #92 Prevention of eating disorders: current evidence-base for dissonance-based programmes and future directions | Eating and Weight Disorders – Studies on Anorexia, Bulimia and Obesity

  https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s40519-019-00719-3

  Despite the encouraging evidence-base for the Body Project, we feel it is important to evaluate alterations that might enhance its efficacy, such as adding intervention elements that focus on reducing self-objectification, as this extremely potent and newly emerged risk factor for DSM-5 ED onset is not addressed in its current version. […] Another direction would be to design additional ED prevention programmes that target distinct ED risk factors, if we are to achieve the goal of decreasing the population prevalence of female EDs.

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