Materiały źródłowe

• #1 Preventing Cystitis: 7 Ways Women Can Keep Bladder Infections at Bay — Norman Urology Associates

  https://www.normanurology.com/blog/preventing-cystitis-7-ways-women-can-keep-bladder-infections-at-bay

  Cystitis is a painful condition characterized by inflammation of the bladder, usually caused by an infection. […] The most common cause of cystitis is a lower urinary tract infection (UTI)— an infection in the urinary tract which includes the ureters, kidney, urethra, and sometimes in more than one of these organs at once. […] Approximately 60% of all women will experience Cystitis during their lifetime, and of those women, around 20-40% are more likely to have one again. […] Luckily, there are a number of effective methods to help prevent this condition. […] Drink plenty of water. Not only is it good for your body and skin, but drinking water also helps flush bacteria out of the bladder. […] Urinate frequently— the good news is you wont have to worry about this if youre drinking enough water!

• #1 Azthena logo with the word Azthena

  https://www.news-medical.net/health/Cystitis-Prevention.aspx

  Like urinary tract infections, cystitis is a preventable condition that can be avoided by following simple precautions. […] Some of the steps that can be taken to prevent cystitis and other urinary tract infections include: […] Maintaining personal hygiene and keeping the genital area clear. Women should remember to wipe from front to back to reduce the risk of contaminating the urinary tract with bacteria from the anus and rectum. […] Increasing fluid intake to increase the frequency of urination and flush out bacteria from the bladder. […] Refraining from urinating despite the urge to do so increases the risk of cystitis and urinary tract infections as this allows the bacteria time to multiply. […] Exposing the genital area to chemicals such as those present in soap, bubble bath, and talcum powder can raise the risk of cystitis.

• #1 Azthena logo with the word Azthena

  https://www.news-medical.net/health/Cystitis-Prevention.aspx

  It is best to empty the bladder after sexual intercourse. This helps flush out the bacteria and reduces the risk of cystitis. […] Underwear should be loose and made of cotton. Tight nylon underwear should be avoided. Similarly, it is best to avoid tight jeans and trousers. […] Some foods such as coffee and spicy foods may make cystitis worse and should be avoided as much as possible by susceptible individuals. […] Drinking cranberry juice has been shown to be beneficial in preventing urinary tract infections. This prevents bacteria from attaching to the walls of the urinary bladder and reduces the risk of infection. Cranberry extract tablets are available that provide the same benefits that the juice provides.

• #1 Cystitis – Symptoms and causes – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/cystitis/symptoms-causes/syc-20371306

  Self-care measures to prevent repeated bladder infections aren’t well studied. But some providers recommend these tips for prevention: […] Drink plenty of liquids, especially water. Drinking lots of fluids is especially important after chemotherapy or radiation therapy, particularly on treatment days. […] Urinate frequently. If you feel the urge to urinate, don’t delay using the toilet. […] Wipe from front to back after a bowel movement. This prevents bacteria in the anal region from spreading to the vagina and urethra. […] Take showers rather than tub baths. If you’re prone to infections, showering rather than taking a bath may help prevent them. […] Gently wash the skin around the genitals. Do this daily, but don’t use harsh soaps or wash too vigorously. The delicate skin in this area can become irritated.

• #1 Cystitis – Symptoms and causes – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/cystitis/symptoms-causes/syc-20371306

  Empty your bladder as soon as possible after sex. Drink a full glass of water to help flush bacteria. […] Avoid using deodorant sprays or hygiene products in the genital area. These products can irritate the urethra and bladder. […] Cranberry juice or tablets containing proanthocyanidin are often recommended to help reduce the risk of recurrent bladder infections. Although research in this area is inconsistent, there is some evidence that cranberry may work to prevent recurrent infections for some people.

• #1 Does cranberry juice stop cystitis?

  https://www.bbc.com/future/article/20130415-cranberry-juice-to-stop-cystitis

  Its a well-known remedy for easing or preventing painful bladder infections. But the evidence for whether cranberry juice actually works isnt quite so clear. […] Many women swear by the healing powers of cranberry juice, saying it not only helps cure painful bladder infections, including cystitis, but also helps prevent future outbreaks as well. […] So it is plausible that drinking cranberry juice could help to prevent cystitis. […] A systematic review of studies published last year found that products containing cranberries reduced the risk of infection, particularly in those who repeatedly had infections and those who drank the juice at least twice a day. […] Cranberry juice might prevent infections, but if it does the effect seems to be minor at best and it requires a lot of commitment.

• #1 Bladder Infection (bacterial cystitis): Treatment

  https://www.urology-textbook.com/bladder-infection-treatment.html

  Sexual intercourse is a strong risk factor for bladder infection (honeymoon cystitis). The following measures reduce the risk of bladder infection: micturition after sexual intercourse, high diuresis, no diaphragm or spermicide for contraception, and avoidance of anal intercourse. […] If the prevention mentioned above is ineffective, a single dose of antibiotics (cephalosporine, cotrimoxazole, or nitrofurantoin) after sex reduces the incidence of bladder infection. […] Regular consumption of cranberry juice or concentrate (twice daily) reduces the incidence of urinary tract infections (relative risk reduction of 0.6). […] Estrogen deficiency in postmenopausal women is a risk factor for recurrent urinary tract infections. Estrogen replacement therapy leads to a reduction of urinary tract infections.

• #1 Recurrent Cystitis in Women: Treatment and Prevention

  https://patient.info/womens-health/lower-urinary-tract-symptoms-in-women-luts/recurrent-cystitis-in-women

  Some women have recurring bouts of cystitis, sometimes defined as two proven infections within six months, or three infections in a year. […] What can I do to help prevent cystitis? […] There is some evidence that increased fluid intake, in those who tend to get recurrent UTIs, reduces the risk of getting another UTI. […] There is some evidence to support cranberry products in to reduce the risk of future UTIs in women with recurrent UTIs, in children and in those who are more likely to have a UTI after a medical procedure. […] D-mannose is a naturally occurring simple sugar that can be bought in health food shops. Research has shown that taking it daily helps prevent recurrent urine infections. […] Researchers are also studying the effects of probiotics (such as lactobacillus) on preventing cystitis.

• #1 Role of D-Mannose in the Prevention of Recurrent Uncomplicated Cystitis: State of the Art and Future Perspectives

  https://www.mdpi.com/2079-6382/10/4/373

  D-mannose represents a promising nonantibiotic prevention strategy. It is an inert monosaccharide that is metabolized and excreted in urine and acts by inhibiting bacterial adhesion to the urothelium. […] D-mannose can prevent the adhesion of several uropathogens involved in the UTI to the urothelium. […] D-mannose alone or in combination with several dietary supplements or Lactobacillus has a potential role in the non antimicrobial prophylaxis or recurrent UTI in women. […] D-mannose is effective and safe in the non-antimicrobial prophylaxis of rUTIs in women. […] D-mannose should be preferred to PAC for a non-antimicrobial prophylaxis of women with rUTIs.

• #1 Bladder Infection (bacterial cystitis): Treatment

  https://www.urology-textbook.com/bladder-infection-treatment.html

  Oral vaccination with inactivated but immunogenic E. coli strains (e.g., Uro-Vaxom) shows a reduction of UTI recurrence within 612 months by 2265%. […] A nutritional supplement to reduce UTI, 2 g d-mannose daily reduces (RR 0,24) the recurrence of UTI. […] Low-dose antibiotic prophylaxis is considered an effective method for preventing recurrent urinary tract infections in patients with high levels of distress or complications.

• #1 Cystitis

  https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/cystitis/

  do not rush when going for a pee try to fully empty your bladder […] do not drink lots of alcoholic drinks or coffee they may irritate your bladder […] do not have lots of sugary foods or drinks they may encourage bacteria to grow […] If you keep getting cystitis, there is some evidence you may find it helpful to take: […] D-mannose a sugar you can buy as a powder or tablets to take every day […] cranberry products available as juice, tablets or capsules to take every day.

• #1 Gym Cystitis: Symptoms and prevention | Top Doctors

  https://www.topdoctors.co.uk/medical-articles/preventing-gym-cystitis-working-out-without-the-worry

  Having a shower and emptying the bladder immediately after the class will also help. […] Using a tampon during the class: Some women (particularly after a vaginal birth) have reported that using a tampon can help with reducing bladder prolapse and thus help prevent cystitis. […] In addition to antibiotics, the following measures can help manage and prevent bladder infections: Increase fluid intake: Drinking plenty of water and staying hydrated can help flush out bacteria from the urinary system. […] Urinate regularly and completely: Emptying your bladder frequently and ensuring you fully empty your bladder during each urination can help prevent the accumulation of bacteria. […] Urinate before and after sexual activity, or after any exercise: It can assist in flushing out bacteria which may have entered the urethra. […] Practice good hygiene: Keep the genital area clean and wipe from front to back after using the toilet to prevent the spread of bacteria. […] Over the counter medication like cranberry tablets can also prevent and help with bladder infections.

• #1 Recurrent simple cystitis in women – UpToDate

  https://www.uptodate.com/contents/recurrent-simple-cystitis-in-women

  Recurrent urinary tract infection (UTI) refers to ≥2 infections in six months or ≥3 infections in one year. […] The epidemiology, pathogenesis, and prevention of recurrent simple cystitis in nonpregnant women will be reviewed here. […] Changes in behavior: Liberal fluid intake, Contraception modification, Postcoital voiding, Hygiene. […] Topical estrogen for postmenopausal women. […] Antimicrobial prophylaxis in selected cases: Options: Continuous prophylaxis, Postcoital prophylaxis. […] Antibiotic dosing for continuous or postcoital prophylaxis of recurrent cystitis in women.

• #1

  https://bpac.org.nz/2021/uti.aspx

  Self-care strategies should be discussed with all patients who have a UTI to help reduce the risk of future infections, e.g. sufficient fluid intake, improving hygiene and toileting practices and voiding after sexual intercourse. […] Non-antibiotic prophylactic strategies can be considered in patients who experience recurrent UTIs but are not routinely recommended in current guidelines due to low-quality evidence of benefit. […] Patients with recurrent UTIs are over six times less likely to experience another UTI if they take prophylactic antibiotics. […] Low-dose antibiotic prophylaxis should generally be a last resort. […] Prophylactic strategies for UTIs include: Topical vaginal oestrogen, Consumption of cranberry products, Products/supplements containing D-mannose, Lactobacillus containing probiotics. […] There is no compelling evidence for early investigation with imaging or cystoscopy in females aged less than 65 years with lower UTI symptoms unless other risk factors are present.

• #1 Recurrent Cystitis in Women: Treatment and Prevention

  https://patient.info/womens-health/lower-urinary-tract-symptoms-in-women-luts/recurrent-cystitis-in-women

  This means taking a low dose of an antibiotic regularly. One dose each night will usually reduce the number of bouts of cystitis. […] Vaginal oestrogen has been shown to reduce the number of bouts of cystitis in postmenopausal women who get recurrent cystitis and has a low risk profile compared to antibiotics. […] Taking a single dose of antibiotic within two hours after having sex has been proven to reduce the chance of you getting cystitis if you are prone to getting it after sex.

• #1 Recurrent Urinary Tract Infections in Women: Diagnosis and Management | AAFP

  https://www.aafp.org/pubs/afp/issues/2010/0915/p638.html

  Women with previous UTIs who are able to recognize the symptoms can be treated effectively with self-started antibiotic therapy. […] Cranberry products seem to notably reduce the recurrence of symptomatic cystitis. […] Patients also may be counseled about the theory and anecdotal evidence behind postcoital voiding, although no controlled studies support this intervention. […] Several studies of postmenopausal women have demonstrated the effectiveness of using topical estrogen, but adverse effects are common.

• #1 Recurrent UTIs and cystitis symptoms in women

  https://www1.racgp.org.au/ajgp/2021/april/recurrent-utis-and-cystitis-symptoms-in-women

  C. Antibiotic treatment options for women with confirmed recurrent UTIs […] Antibiotic prophylaxis is a highly effective way of managing rUTIs. […] D. Non-antibiotic treatment options for women with confirmed recurrent UTIs […] Vaginal oestrogen The use of topical vaginal oestrogen in postmenopausal women helps reduce the rate of rUTIs. Vaginal oestrogen protects against colonisation by uropathogens via an increase in protective vaginal lactobacilli. […] Methenamine hippurate This has a bacteriostatic effect in the urine. A Cochrane review in 2012 showed that short-term usage prevented rUTIs in women without urinary tract abnormalities or neuropathic bladder and was well tolerated with few adverse effects. […] Cranberry products The evidence for use of cranberry products is conflicting and may reflect the extreme variability in products and dosage and lack of standardised regimen.

• #1 Recurrent Cystitis

  https://mobile.fpnotebook.com/Uro/ID/RcrntCysts.htm

  Recurrent Urinary Tract Infections occurring 3 or more times annually […] Continuous UTI Prophylaxis (Average Course: Taken daily for 6 months, up to 12 months) […] Preferred first-line continuous prophylaxis (choose one) Nitrofurantoin 50-100 mg once daily […] Trimethoprim Sulfamethoxazole 40/200 daily or three times per week […] Postcoital Prophylaxis […] One dose taken within 2 hours of intercourse […] Preferred first-line post-coital prophylaxis (choose one) Nitrofurantoin 100 mg once […] Trimethoprim Sulfamethoxazole 40/200 to 80/400 once […] Topical Estrogen for Atrophic Vaginitis […] Estriol Cream 0.5 mg intravaginal daily for 2 weeks initially, then twice weekly […] Probiotics […] Lactobacillus Probiotics used orally or vaginally reduce Recurrent UTI frequency in premenopausal women […] Measures that may offer benefit […] Women should empty Bladder before and after intercourse […] Increased hydration (1.5 extra Liters/day)

• #1 Antibiotic prophylaxis for urinary tract infection | The College of Family Physicians of Canada

  https://www.cfp.ca/content/68/12/896

  Antibiotic prophylaxis lowers the risk of recurrent UTIs (12% vs 66% placebo) over 6 to 12 months. Yet, more women have adverse events with antibiotics (15% vs 8% placebo). Long-term bacterial resistance and its individual clinical impact have not been well studied. This does not apply to asymptomatic bacteriuria. […] A reasonable trial of prophylaxis may be 6 months. Alternative interventions include increasing fluid intake by 1.5 L per day in those with lower baseline fluid intake, which is associated with approximately 1.5 fewer UTIs and antibiotic prescriptions per person at 1 year. Similarly, vaginal estrogen (ring or cream) may reduce the risk of recurrent UTIs in postmenopausal women (by 34% to 61% vs 72% to 94% placebo at 6 months).

• #1 Recurrent Cystitis in Women: Optimal Recommended Diagnostic Evaluation, Management and Prevention Options | IntechOpen

  https://www.intechopen.com/chapters/87150

  Women suffering from RC who use a contraceptive method containing a spermicide should be offered an alternative form of contraception. […] The rationale behind non antimicrobial therapy results from two main drawbacks of the antimicrobial prophylaxis: (i) the emergence of resistant strains in the urine and (ii) the failure to fully eradicate microorganisms with antimicrobial therapy in RC. […] Overall, commonly prescribed forms of vaginal estrogen with contemporary dosing schedules can prevent UTIs in postmenopausal women with RC. […] Continuous methenamine prophylaxis avoids the risks of long-term prophylactic antibiotic treatment including the development of antibiotic resistance. […] A Cochrane review of 19 trials indicated that antibiotics were more effective than placebo in reducing the number of clinical and microbiological recurrences in premenopausal and postmenopausal women with RC.

• #1 Recurrent UTIs and cystitis symptoms in women

  https://www1.racgp.org.au/ajgp/2021/april/recurrent-utis-and-cystitis-symptoms-in-women

  D-mannose D-mannose is thought to have an antibacterial activity by inhibiting the adherence of bacteria to urothelial cells and has been shown in limited randomised prophylaxis trials to reduce with the rate of UTI recurrence in women. […] Vaccines against urinary tract bacteria There are various oral, nasal and intravaginally administered vaccines that have been developed against E. coli. These have shown variable efficacy. OM-89 is an oral preparation of 18 different serotypes of heat-killed uropathogenic E. coli. It is the only vaccine recommended in guidelines as it has been shown to be more effective than placebo in reducing the rate of rUTIs in women in several randomised trials; however, its long-term efficacy is unclear. […] […] […] Women with rUTIs benefit from the use of non-antibiotic measures to prevent infection as well as the considered use of antibiotic prophylaxis.

• #1 Honeymoon Cystitis

  https://dreminozbek.com/en/honeymoon-cystitis/

  Honeymoon cystitis is a colloquial term used to describe urinary tract infections (UTIs) that occur shortly after sexual intercourse, particularly in women. […] Preventive measures for honeymoon cystitis include staying hydrated, urinating before and after sexual activity to flush out bacteria, practicing good genital hygiene, and using lubricants during intercourse to reduce friction. […] Urinate Before and After Sexual Activity: Emptying your bladder before and after sexual activity can help flush out bacteria that may have entered the urinary tract during intercourse. […] Practice Good Hygiene: Maintain good genital hygiene by washing the genital area with mild soap and water before and after sexual activity. […] Stay Hydrated: Drinking plenty of water helps to dilute urine and flush out bacteria from the urinary tract.

• #1 Recurrent UTIs and cystitis symptoms in women

  https://www1.racgp.org.au/ajgp/2021/april/recurrent-utis-and-cystitis-symptoms-in-women

  B. General advice for prevention of recurrent UTIs […] It is recommended that the patient and doctor engage in a shared decision-making process that includes a discussion of the risks and benefits of all management options before embarking on a management plan tailored to the individual woman. […] Increased fluid intake […] While the advice to increase fluid intake to prevent infection is frequently given, there is little evidence to support it. It is, however, a low-cost and low-risk intervention. […] Sexual practices […] Postcoital voiding The relationship between intercourse and UTI is controversial, with variable study findings. A simple measure such as postcoital voiding can be recommended in women who note intercourse as a trigger for their UTIs. […] Contraceptive use Spermicide or diaphragm contraceptive device usage should be avoided as these have been shown to increase UTI risk.

• #1 Prevention of Urinary Tract Infection (UTI) in Women: General Guidelines and Suggestions, Sterilizing Washcloths for Home Use, Summary of Tips

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1958794-overview

  Extremely effective is avoiding long intervals between urinating. Try to empty the bladder at least every 4 hours during the day while awake, even if the need or urge to void is absent. […] Drink more water. Start with 1 extra glass with each meal. If the urine appears any darker than a very pale yellow, this means not enough liquid is being ingested; increase the fluid intake. […] A study of 140 women with recurrent UTIs showed that increased fluid intake reduces the risk of repeat infections. […] Cranberry juice and cranberry pills may have benefit in reducing urinary infections. They appear to be most effective in younger women. […] Take special precautions after sexual activity; such activity may also increase risk because it can introduce bacteria into the bladder area. The bladder should be emptied after intercourse; drink 2 extra glasses of water.

• #1 Self-help information for women suffering recurrent attacks of cystitis: Frequently asked questions | CUH

  https://www.cuh.nhs.uk/patient-information/self-help-information-for-women-suffering-recurrent-attacks-of-cystitis-frequently-asked-questions/

  Drink plenty (2 litres) of fluid (water) each day. […] Use plain water for washing around the perineum and vaginal area – always wipe from front to back. […] Avoid bubble baths, talcum powder, all personal (vaginal) deodorants and feminine wipes. […] If your symptoms are related to sexual intercourse, you should wash carefully with plain water before having intercourse. It is helpful to empty out your bladder immediately after intercourse to flush out any germs which may have entered the urethra. […] Some women, however, continue to suffer problems despite these measures experiencing recurrent cystitis after sexual activity. In this situation, it is best to take a single antibiotic tablet (nitrofurantoin, trimethoprim or cephalexin) immediately after intercourse and to take regular cranberry juice or tablets. […] Cranberry preparations (tablets) can help prevent infections.

• #1 Urinary Tract Infections in Pregnant Individuals | ACOG

  https://www.acog.org/clinical/clinical-guidance/clinical-consensus/articles/2023/08/urinary-tract-infections-in-pregnant-individuals

  Clinicians should screen for ASB with a urine culture once at a visit early in prenatal care. There is insufficient evidence to recommend for or against repeat screening during pregnancy after a negative initial culture result. […] Screening for ASB has become accepted clinical practice to prevent pyelonephritis in pregnancy. […] Screening for ASB should be performed at a visit early in prenatal care. […] Routine urine dipstick testing for infection at each prenatal visit does not have benefit and is not sufficiently sensitive to detect ASB. A midstream urine culture is recommended for ASB screening. […] After an initial negative screening urine culture result, additional screening is likely not indicated, because the residual risk of pyelonephritis is low. […] Clinicians should prescribe a 57-day course of targeted antibiotics to treat ASB with colony counts of 100,000 CFU/mL or higher. There is insufficient evidence to recommend for or against repeat screening after appropriate treatment of an initial episode of ASB.

• #1 Urinary Tract Infections in Pregnant Individuals | ACOG

  https://www.acog.org/clinical/clinical-guidance/clinical-consensus/articles/2023/08/urinary-tract-infections-in-pregnant-individuals

  After treating a recurrent acute infection, clinicians may consider initiating antimicrobial urinary suppression for the remainder of the pregnancy, preferably using a lower single daily dose of an antibacterial drug to which the bacterium isolated was susceptible. […] There is insufficient evidence to guide management after recurrent UTI in pregnancy. After treating a recurrent acute infection, clinicians may consider initiating antimicrobial urinary suppression for the remainder of the pregnancy, preferably using a lower single daily dose of an antibacterial drug to which the bacterium isolated was susceptible.

• #1 Bacterial Urinary Tract Infections – Genitourinary Disorders – Merck Manual Professional Edition

  https://www.merckmanuals.com/professional/genitourinary-disorders/urinary-tract-infections-utis/bacterial-urinary-tract-infections

  Continuous prophylaxis commonly begins with a 6-month trial. If UTI recurs after 6 months of prophylactic therapy, prophylaxis may be reinstituted for 2 or 3 years. […] Postcoital prophylaxis in women may be more effective if UTIs are temporally related to sexual intercourse. […] In pregnant women, effective prophylaxis of UTI is similar to that in nonpregnant women, including use of postcoital prophylaxis. […] In postmenopausal women, antibiotic prophylaxis is similar to that described previously. Additionally, topical estrogen therapy markedly reduces the incidence of recurrent UTI in women with atrophic vaginitis or atrophic urethritis.

• #1 Preventative Measures – Bladder Health UK

  https://bladderhealthuk.org/cystitis-utis-fowlerssyndrome/bc-treatments/preventative-measures

  Sometimes a low dose of antibiotics is prescribed for three to six months to reduce the risk of infection. […] If you get cystitis after sexual intercourse you may be advised to take a single dose of antibiotics immediately afterwards to prevent an attack. […] There are natural products such as D-Mannose which may be useful in clearing gram-negative organisms such as E-Coli from the bladder. […] Recurring infections should be investigated and a referral to a urologist may be recommended.

• #2 Cystitis- Prevention tips- when You’re Trying To Conceive

  https://fertilityacupuncture.ie/blog/natural-remedies-cystitis-trying-conceive/

  Cystitis can sometimes occur because things can get quite busy down south when youre having intercourse every other day. […] Recurring Cystitis, also known as Urinary Tract Infections UTI while trying to conceive can become a big problem for some women, I see it often enough in my patients. […] Taking antibiotics isnt the only way to get over the distressing painful symptoms of cystitis / bladder infection / urinary tract infection. There are very specific supplements and simple and easy lifestyle changes you can make. […] The supplement D-Mannose is one of the best. […] Conclusions: The results of this study suggest that D-mannose can be an effective aid in acute cystitis management and also a successful prophylactic agent in a selected population; however, more studies will certainly be needed to confirm the results of our pilot study.

• #2 Cystitis

  https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/cystitis/

  If you get cystitis frequently, there are some things you can try to help prevent it returning. […] wipe from front to back when you go to the toilet […] pee as soon as possible after sex […] drink plenty of fluids, especially water so that you pee regularly during the day and do not feel thirsty […] have a shower rather than a bath this stops exposing your genitals to cleaning products for too long […] wash the skin outside the vagina (vulva) with water before and after sex […] change soiled nappies or incontinence pads promptly […] keep the genital area clean and dry […] do not use scented soap, bubble bath or talcum powder […] do not use spermicide with diaphragm or condoms try non-spermicidal lube or different type of contraception […] do not hold your pee in if you feel the urge to go

• #2 Prevention of Urinary Tract Infection (UTI) in Women: General Guidelines and Suggestions, Sterilizing Washcloths for Home Use, Summary of Tips

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1958794-overview

  Extremely effective is avoiding long intervals between urinating. Try to empty the bladder at least every 4 hours during the day while awake, even if the need or urge to void is absent. […] Drink more water. Start with 1 extra glass with each meal. If the urine appears any darker than a very pale yellow, this means not enough liquid is being ingested; increase the fluid intake. […] A study of 140 women with recurrent UTIs showed that increased fluid intake reduces the risk of repeat infections. […] Cranberry juice and cranberry pills may have benefit in reducing urinary infections. They appear to be most effective in younger women. […] Take special precautions after sexual activity; such activity may also increase risk because it can introduce bacteria into the bladder area. The bladder should be emptied after intercourse; drink 2 extra glasses of water.

• #2 FloridaHealthFinder | Prevention of cystitis | Health Encyclopedia | FloridaHealthFinder

  https://quality.healthfinder.fl.gov/health-encyclopedia/HIE//2/19094

  Appropriate hygiene and cleanliness of the genital area may help reduce the chances of introducing bacteria through the urethra. Females are especially vulnerable to this, because the urethra is in close proximity to the rectum. The genitals should be cleaned and wiped from front to back to reduce the chance of dragging E. coli bacteria from the rectal area to the urethra.

• #2 Gym Cystitis: Symptoms and prevention | Top Doctors

  https://www.topdoctors.co.uk/medical-articles/preventing-gym-cystitis-working-out-without-the-worry

  Having a shower and emptying the bladder immediately after the class will also help. […] Using a tampon during the class: Some women (particularly after a vaginal birth) have reported that using a tampon can help with reducing bladder prolapse and thus help prevent cystitis. […] In addition to antibiotics, the following measures can help manage and prevent bladder infections: Increase fluid intake: Drinking plenty of water and staying hydrated can help flush out bacteria from the urinary system. […] Urinate regularly and completely: Emptying your bladder frequently and ensuring you fully empty your bladder during each urination can help prevent the accumulation of bacteria. […] Urinate before and after sexual activity, or after any exercise: It can assist in flushing out bacteria which may have entered the urethra. […] Practice good hygiene: Keep the genital area clean and wipe from front to back after using the toilet to prevent the spread of bacteria. […] Over the counter medication like cranberry tablets can also prevent and help with bladder infections.

• #2 12 natural ways to prevent cystitis

  https://www.avogel.co.uk/health/cystitis/prevention/12-natural-ways-to-prevent-cystitis/

  Knickers made from synthetic fabric like nylon and polyester are not breathable. They can feel sweaty, and any moist environment can promote cystitis-causing bacteria. Using natural fabrics (like cotton) will keep you cool and fresh-feeling. […] Dehydration causes urine to become very concentrated. If your pee is darker than a pale yellow then you are not drinking enough water. Concentrated urine will contain more bacteria. This increases the chances of getting cystitis. Drink plenty (at least one litre and a half a day) of plain water. Keep that urine flowing! […] Cranberry can stop bacteria sticking to the wall of the bladder. For that reason, it is useful for helping to prevent cystitis. It doesn’t act like an antiseptic, so it won’t kill off bacteria. It will just act as a deterrent – the bacteria will get flushed out of the bladder more easily if they have nothing to stick onto.

• #2 Cystitis

  https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/cystitis/

  do not rush when going for a pee try to fully empty your bladder […] do not drink lots of alcoholic drinks or coffee they may irritate your bladder […] do not have lots of sugary foods or drinks they may encourage bacteria to grow […] If you keep getting cystitis, there is some evidence you may find it helpful to take: […] D-mannose a sugar you can buy as a powder or tablets to take every day […] cranberry products available as juice, tablets or capsules to take every day.

• #2 Recurrent Cystitis in Women: Treatment and Prevention

  https://patient.info/womens-health/lower-urinary-tract-symptoms-in-women-luts/recurrent-cystitis-in-women

  Some women have recurring bouts of cystitis, sometimes defined as two proven infections within six months, or three infections in a year. […] What can I do to help prevent cystitis? […] There is some evidence that increased fluid intake, in those who tend to get recurrent UTIs, reduces the risk of getting another UTI. […] There is some evidence to support cranberry products in to reduce the risk of future UTIs in women with recurrent UTIs, in children and in those who are more likely to have a UTI after a medical procedure. […] D-mannose is a naturally occurring simple sugar that can be bought in health food shops. Research has shown that taking it daily helps prevent recurrent urine infections. […] Researchers are also studying the effects of probiotics (such as lactobacillus) on preventing cystitis.

• #2 Cystitis | Better Health Channel

  https://www.betterhealth.vic.gov.au/health/conditionsandtreatments/cystitis

  Cranberries (usually as cranberry juice) have been used to prevent UTIs. Cranberries contain a substance that can prevent the E. coli bacteria from sticking to the urinary tract lining cells. However, recent research has shown that cranberry juice does not have a significant benefit in preventing UTIs, and most people are unable to continue drinking the juice on a long-term basis.

• #2 Role of D-Mannose in the Prevention of Recurrent Uncomplicated Cystitis: State of the Art and Future Perspectives

  https://www.mdpi.com/2079-6382/10/4/373

  D-mannose represents a promising nonantibiotic prevention strategy. It is an inert monosaccharide that is metabolized and excreted in urine and acts by inhibiting bacterial adhesion to the urothelium. […] D-mannose can prevent the adhesion of several uropathogens involved in the UTI to the urothelium. […] D-mannose alone or in combination with several dietary supplements or Lactobacillus has a potential role in the non antimicrobial prophylaxis or recurrent UTI in women. […] D-mannose is effective and safe in the non-antimicrobial prophylaxis of rUTIs in women. […] D-mannose should be preferred to PAC for a non-antimicrobial prophylaxis of women with rUTIs.

• #2 Recurrent Cystitis

  https://mobile.fpnotebook.com/Uro/ID/RcrntCysts.htm

  Recurrent Urinary Tract Infections occurring 3 or more times annually […] Continuous UTI Prophylaxis (Average Course: Taken daily for 6 months, up to 12 months) […] Preferred first-line continuous prophylaxis (choose one) Nitrofurantoin 50-100 mg once daily […] Trimethoprim Sulfamethoxazole 40/200 daily or three times per week […] Postcoital Prophylaxis […] One dose taken within 2 hours of intercourse […] Preferred first-line post-coital prophylaxis (choose one) Nitrofurantoin 100 mg once […] Trimethoprim Sulfamethoxazole 40/200 to 80/400 once […] Topical Estrogen for Atrophic Vaginitis […] Estriol Cream 0.5 mg intravaginal daily for 2 weeks initially, then twice weekly […] Probiotics […] Lactobacillus Probiotics used orally or vaginally reduce Recurrent UTI frequency in premenopausal women […] Measures that may offer benefit […] Women should empty Bladder before and after intercourse […] Increased hydration (1.5 extra Liters/day)

• #2 Recurrent Cystitis in Women: Treatment and Prevention

  https://patient.info/womens-health/lower-urinary-tract-symptoms-in-women-luts/recurrent-cystitis-in-women

  This means taking a low dose of an antibiotic regularly. One dose each night will usually reduce the number of bouts of cystitis. […] Vaginal oestrogen has been shown to reduce the number of bouts of cystitis in postmenopausal women who get recurrent cystitis and has a low risk profile compared to antibiotics. […] Taking a single dose of antibiotic within two hours after having sex has been proven to reduce the chance of you getting cystitis if you are prone to getting it after sex.

• #2 Preventative Measures – Bladder Health UK

  https://bladderhealthuk.org/cystitis-utis-fowlerssyndrome/bc-treatments/preventative-measures

  Sometimes a low dose of antibiotics is prescribed for three to six months to reduce the risk of infection. […] If you get cystitis after sexual intercourse you may be advised to take a single dose of antibiotics immediately afterwards to prevent an attack. […] There are natural products such as D-Mannose which may be useful in clearing gram-negative organisms such as E-Coli from the bladder. […] Recurring infections should be investigated and a referral to a urologist may be recommended.

• #2 Recurrent UTIs and cystitis symptoms in women

  https://www1.racgp.org.au/ajgp/2021/april/recurrent-utis-and-cystitis-symptoms-in-women

  C. Antibiotic treatment options for women with confirmed recurrent UTIs […] Antibiotic prophylaxis is a highly effective way of managing rUTIs. […] D. Non-antibiotic treatment options for women with confirmed recurrent UTIs […] Vaginal oestrogen The use of topical vaginal oestrogen in postmenopausal women helps reduce the rate of rUTIs. Vaginal oestrogen protects against colonisation by uropathogens via an increase in protective vaginal lactobacilli. […] Methenamine hippurate This has a bacteriostatic effect in the urine. A Cochrane review in 2012 showed that short-term usage prevented rUTIs in women without urinary tract abnormalities or neuropathic bladder and was well tolerated with few adverse effects. […] Cranberry products The evidence for use of cranberry products is conflicting and may reflect the extreme variability in products and dosage and lack of standardised regimen.

• #2 Cystitis – Symptoms and causes – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/cystitis/symptoms-causes/syc-20371306

  Empty your bladder as soon as possible after sex. Drink a full glass of water to help flush bacteria. […] Avoid using deodorant sprays or hygiene products in the genital area. These products can irritate the urethra and bladder. […] Cranberry juice or tablets containing proanthocyanidin are often recommended to help reduce the risk of recurrent bladder infections. Although research in this area is inconsistent, there is some evidence that cranberry may work to prevent recurrent infections for some people.

• #2 Cystitis | Better Health Channel

  https://www.betterhealth.vic.gov.au/health/conditionsandtreatments/cystitis

  In some women, one bout of cystitis allows their urinary system to build up a type of immunity and further bouts are rare. For other women, cystitis can occur regularly. […] Although not always backed up by research, some women have found that useful suggestions include: […] Drink plenty of water every day to flush your urinary system. […] Wipe yourself from front to back (urethra to anus) after going to the toilet. […] Wash your genitals before sex and encourage your partner to do the same. […] Urinate after sex. […] Wear cotton rather than nylon underwear. […] Avoid wearing nylon pantyhose, tight pants or tight jeans. […] Dont use perfumed soaps, talcum powder or any type of deodorant around your genitals. […] Avoid bubble baths. […] Treat vaginal infections such as thrush or trichomoniasis promptly, since these organisms can encourage cystitis.

• #2 Honeymoon Cystitis

  https://dreminozbek.com/en/honeymoon-cystitis/

  Seek Prompt Treatment for UTIs: If you experience symptoms of a UTI, such as frequent urination, burning during urination, or cloudy urine, seek medical attention promptly. Early treatment can help prevent the infection from worsening and reduce the risk of complications. […] Antibiotic Prophylaxis: In some cases, healthcare providers may prescribe a short course of antibiotics to be taken after sexual activity as a preventive measure against UTIs. […] Its essential to discuss the potential benefits and risks of prophylactic measures with your Urologist before initiating any treatment.

• #3 Recurrent Cystitis in Women: Treatment and Prevention

  https://patient.info/womens-health/lower-urinary-tract-symptoms-in-women-luts/recurrent-cystitis-in-women

  Some women have recurring bouts of cystitis, sometimes defined as two proven infections within six months, or three infections in a year. […] What can I do to help prevent cystitis? […] There is some evidence that increased fluid intake, in those who tend to get recurrent UTIs, reduces the risk of getting another UTI. […] There is some evidence to support cranberry products in to reduce the risk of future UTIs in women with recurrent UTIs, in children and in those who are more likely to have a UTI after a medical procedure. […] D-mannose is a naturally occurring simple sugar that can be bought in health food shops. Research has shown that taking it daily helps prevent recurrent urine infections. […] Researchers are also studying the effects of probiotics (such as lactobacillus) on preventing cystitis.

• #3 Patient education: Urinary tract infections in adults (Beyond the Basics) – UpToDate

  https://www.uptodate.com/contents/urinary-tract-infections-in-adults-beyond-the-basics

  Antibiotics — Preventive antibiotics may be recommended if you repeatedly develop bladder infections and have not responded to other preventive measures. […] Continuous antibiotics — You can take a low dose of an antibiotic once per day or three times per week. […] Antibiotics following intercourse — In females who develop UTIs after sex, taking a single low-dose antibiotic after intercourse can help to prevent bladder infections. […] Self-treatment — A plan to begin antibiotics at the first sign of a bladder infection may be recommended in some situations.

• #3 Recurrent Urinary Tract Infections in Women: Diagnosis and Management | AAFP

  https://www.aafp.org/pubs/afp/issues/2010/0915/p638.html

  Antimicrobial prophylaxis has proved effective in reducing the risk of recurrent UTIs in women with two episodes of infection in the previous year. Continuous prophylaxis for six to 12 months reduces the rate of UTIs during the prophylaxis period, with no difference between the six-month and 12-month treatment groups after cessation of prophylaxis. […] Prophylactic antibiotic selection should be made on the basis of community resistance patterns, side effects, and local costs. […] Various dosages of prophylactic antibiotics have been suggested, but no conclusive evidence supports selection of a particular drug, dosage, or duration or schedule of treatment. […] Postcoital prophylaxis may be preferable in women with UTIs temporally related to intercourse. […] Although not strictly a preventive strategy, self-initiated treatment is an option for some patients.

• #3 Recurrent Uncomplicated Urinary Tract Infections in Women: AUA/CUA/SUFU Guideline (2022) – American Urological Association

  https://www.auanet.org/guidelines-and-quality/guidelines/recurrent-uti

  Clinicians may offer patient-initiated treatment (self-start treatment) to select rUTI patients with acute episodes while awaiting urine cultures. (Moderate Recommendation; Evidence Level: Grade C) […] Following discussion of the risks, benefits, and alternatives, clinicians may prescribe antibiotic prophylaxis to decrease the risk of future UTIs in women of all ages previously diagnosed with UTIs. (Conditional Recommendation; Evidence Level: Grade B) […] Clinicians should omit surveillance urine testing, including urine culture, in asymptomatic patients with rUTIs. (Moderate Recommendation; Evidence Level: Grade C) […] Clinicians should not treat ASB in patients. (Strong Recommendation; Evidence Level: Grade B) […] Clinicians may offer cranberry prophylaxis for women with rUTIs. (Conditional Recommendation; Evidence Level: Grade C) […] In peri- and post-menopausal women with rUTIs, clinicians should recommend vaginal estrogen therapy to reduce the risk of future UTIs if there is no contraindication to estrogen therapy. (Moderate Recommendation; Evidence Level: Grade B)

Zobacz więcej