Materiały źródłowe

• #1 Nonmelanoma Skin Cancer

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC3339125/

  Nonmelanoma skin cancer (NMSC) represents the most common form of cancer in Caucasians, with continuing increase in incidence worldwide. Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) accounts for 75% of cases of NMSC, and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) accounts for the remaining majority of NMSC cases. Whilst metastasis from BCC is extremely rare, metastasis from high-risk SCC may be fatal. […] Nonmelanoma skin cancer (NMSC) is the commonest cancer in Caucasians. Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) accounts for 75% of cases, and is a slow-growing, locally invasive epidermal tumour with a metastatic rate of 0.1%. Cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) accounts for the majority of the remainder of cases of NMSC and arises from dysplastic epidermal keratinocytes. In contrast to BCC, SCC has a significant recognised rate of metastasis (0.33-3.7%), the majority of which occur from within a subgroup of high-risk SCC.

• #2 Nonmelanoma skin cancer. Symptoms, signs and treatment | Medicine Today

  https://medicinetoday.com.au/mt/2018/january/feature-article/nonmelanoma-skin-cancer-symptoms-signs-and-treatment

  Without treatment, Bowens disease progresses to invasive SCC in 2 to 5% of cases. Invasive SCC presents as an erythematous, keratotic papule or nodule, which is often tender. […] Diagnosis of SCC is confirmed with a biopsy. […] Poor prognostic factors include immunosuppression and lesions arising in scar tissue and ear, lip, mucosal, anogenital, head and neck sites. […] The four main histological signs for poor prognosis are lesion size greater than 2cm, poorly differentiated histology, invasion beyond subcutaneous fat and perineurial involvement. […] Treatment of SCC is by margin-controlled surgical excision, with the margins varying between 2 and 10mm depending on lesion characteristics. […] As incomplete excision carries up to a 50% risk of recurrence, lesions with histological margins of less than 1mm must be considered for further therapy. […] BCC is the most common skin cancer in Australia. […] BCC has multiple clinical presentations, with the most common being nodular BCCs. […] Diagnosis of BCC is confirmed with a biopsy. […] Treatment is determined by the subtype and site of BCC.

• #3 Skin cancer (non-melanoma) | NHS inform

  https://www.nhsinform.scot/illnesses-and-conditions/cancer/cancer-types-in-adults/skin-cancer-non-melanoma/

  The first sign of non-melanoma skin cancer is usually the appearance of a lump or patch on the skin that doesn’t heal after a few weeks. […] In most cases, cancerous lumps are red and firm, while cancerous patches are often flat and scaly. […] The main symptom of non-melanoma skin cancer is the appearance of a lump or discoloured patch on the skin that doesn’t heal. […] Non-melanoma skin cancer most often appears on areas of skin which are regularly exposed to the sun, such as the face, ears, hands and shoulders. […] Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) usually appears as a small red or pink lump, although it can be pearly-white or ‘waxy’ looking. It can also look like a red, scaly patch. The lump slowly grows and may become crusty, bleed or develop into a painless ulcer. […] Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) appears as a firm pink lump and may have a flat, scaly and crusted surface. The lump is often tender to touch, bleeds easily and may develop into an ulcer.

• #4

  https://www2.hse.ie/conditions/non-melanoma-skin-cancer/

  Non-melanoma skin cancer is also known as keratinocyte cancer. It is one of the most common cancers in the world. More than 13,000 people are diagnosed with it each year in Ireland. […] Non-melanoma skin cancer is much more common than melanoma skin cancer. […] The first sign of non-melanoma skin cancer is usually a lump or crusted area of skin that has not healed. It does not go away and slowly progresses over months or sometimes years. […] Non-melanoma skin cancer often develops on areas of skin that are in the sun a lot. […] Non-melanoma skin cancers usually develop in the outer layer of skin (epidermis). […] The 2 most common types of non-melanoma skin cancer are: basal cell carcinoma (BCC) and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). […] BCC starts in the cells lining the bottom of the epidermis. It usually appears as a small, shiny pink or pearly-white lump – sometimes with bits of brown or black in it. The lump grows slowly. It may become crusty or bleed and does not heal. Or it may develop into a painless ulcer (broken area of skin). […] SCC starts in the cells lining the top of the epidermis. It appears as a firm pink or skin-coloured lump with a rough or crusted surface. Sometimes there is a spiky horn sticking up from the surface.

• #5 Symptoms of non-melanoma skin cancer – NHS

  https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/non-melanoma-skin-cancer/symptoms/

  The main symptom of non-melanoma skin cancer is a growth or unusual patch on the skin. […] Any part of your skin can be affected, but it’s most common in areas exposed to the sun, such as the head, face and ears, neck and shoulders, back, hands, and lower legs. […] The growths or patches can vary in colour, size and texture. […] Cancerous patches can be a range of colours, including purple, brown and red. […] A dry, crusty patch on white skin. The patch is yellow and brown, has an irregular border and looks like a scab. Sometimes the patches may look crusty and feel rough or itchy. […] You have a growth on your skin that’s getting bigger or has changed colour or texture. […] You have a growth or area of skin that hurts, itches, bleeds, crusts or scabs for more than 4 weeks. […] Finding non-melanoma skin cancer early can mean it’s easier to treat.

• #6 Nonmelanoma skin cancer – Symptoms and causes – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/nonmelanoma-skin-cancer/symptoms-causes/syc-20355397

  Symptoms of nonmelanoma skin cancer often develop on parts of the body that are exposed to the sun. Examples include the scalp, face, ears, neck, chest, arms and hands. But nonmelanoma skin cancer can happen on other parts of the body too. This includes the lips, fingers, fingernails and genital areas. […] Nonmelanoma skin cancer symptoms appear as a change in the skin, including: A new growth on the skin. Changes to an existing skin spot, such as changes in shape or color. Itching, pain, crusting or bleeding of a skin spot. A sore that won’t heal or one that keeps coming back. […] Nonmelanoma skin cancer develops when changes happen in the DNA of skin cells. A cell’s DNA holds the instructions that tell the cell what to do. In healthy cells, the DNA tells the cells to grow and multiply at a set rate. The DNA also tells the cells to die at a set time.

• #7 Symptoms of Non-Melanoma Skin Cancer | Stanford Health Care

  https://stanfordhealthcare.org/medical-conditions/cancer/non-melanoma/about-this-condition/symptoms.html

  Nonmelanoma skin cancer includes all skin cancer types that arent melanoma. […] Nonmelanoma skin cancers comprise most skin cancer cases. When caught early, they are usually curable. The most common types of nonmelanoma skin cancer are basal cell carcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma. […] Nonmelanoma skin cancer typically appears as unusual spots or sores on areas of the skin exposed to the sun. However, nonmelanoma can also develop in unexposed areas, including the palms of the hands, soles of the feet, fingernails, or toenails. […] Other than an unusual-looking spot on your skin, you may or may not experience symptoms with nonmelanoma skin cancer. Symptoms may include: Bleeding at the spot or sore, A scab or crust that doesnt heal after bleeding, A mole that is growing faster than others.

• #8 Non-melanoma Skin Cancer | BCC & SCC

  https://patient.info/cancer/skin-cancer-types/non-melanoma-skin-cancer

  Non-melanoma skin cancer symptoms […] Medical advice should be sought where a new skin lesion develops which does not go away within a few weeks. […] A BCC typically develops on a sun-exposed area of the skin such as the scalp or face. However, one can develop on any area of skin. The first sign is often a small red, pink or pearly lump which appears on previously normal skin. The lump is often dome-shaped. They usually grow very slowly and it can take many months for one to grow to a centimetre or more. They are not usually painful. […] Over time, the lump on the skin may crust over, ulcerate or bleed from time to time. A skin ulcer caused by a BCC (which is sometimes called a rodent ulcer) often looks like a small crater with a raised edge. BCCs very rarely spread (metastasise) to other parts of the body. However, if left untreated they continue to grow locally and can cause damage to nearby structures. For example, a BCC on the face may erode and damage the nose or an ear.

• #9 Signs and symptoms of non-melanoma skin cancer | Canadian Cancer Society

  https://cancer.ca/en/cancer-information/cancer-types/skin-non-melanoma/signs-and-symptoms

  The signs and symptoms of non-melanoma skin cancer vary depending on the type of cancer. Other health conditions can cause the same signs and symptoms as non-melanoma skin cancer. See your doctor if you have any changes on your skin. […] Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) usually develops on areas of skin exposed to the sun, especially the head, face and neck. It can also develop on the central part of the body (called trunk). BCC may look like: a sore that doesnt heal or comes back after healing, pale white or yellow flat areas that look like scars, raised and scaly red patches, small, smooth and shiny lumps that are pearly white, pink or red and may have blue, brown or black areas, a pink growth with raised edges and indents in the centre, a growth that has small blood vessels on the surface, a sore that bleeds, a growth or area that is itchy.

• #10 Basal and Squamous Cell Skin Cancer Symptoms | Skin Cancer Signs | American Cancer Society

  https://www.cancer.org/cancer/types/basal-and-squamous-cell-skin-cancer/detection-diagnosis-staging/signs-and-symptoms.html

  Skin cancer, including basal and squamous cell skin cancers, often don’t cause bothersome symptoms until they have grown quite large. Then, skin cancer symptoms may include itching, bleeding, or even pain. But if you know what to look for, you can spot signs of skin cancer when its still small and easier to treat. […] Not all skin cancers look the same. In fact, skin cancers can show up in many shapes and sizes. Sometimes they might even look like other non-cancerous skin conditions. Its important to check your skin regularly and ask your doctor about any of the following signs of skin cancer: A new, expanding, or changing growth, spot, or bump on the skin; A sore that bleeds and/or doesnt heal after several weeks; A rough or scaly red patch, which might crust or bleed; A wart-like growth; A mole (or other spot on the skin) thats new or changing in size, shape, or color; A mole with an odd shape, irregular borders, or areas of different colors.

• #11 Nonmelanoma Skin Cancer: Symptoms

  https://encyclopedia.nm.org/Conditions/Cancer/Specific/SkinCancerNonMelanoma/Overview/34,17584-1

  Nonmelanoma skin cancer may appear as a new growth. Or it may start as a change in the size or in the color of a growth you already have. These changes can happen slowly or quickly. Here are things to watch for. […] This type of skin cancer often develops on skin exposed to the sun. This includes skin on the head, face, neck, arms, and hands. The cancer may be: […] A small, raised bump that’s pink, red, shiny, or pearly. There may be black, brown, or blue areas in it. […] A pink raised growth with a lower center. It may have small blood vessels in it. […] A firm, flat, spot that looks a lot like a scar. It may look waxy or have pale or yellow areas in it. […] An open sore that bleeds easily and briefly. It might heal up and seem to go away, but then bleeds again in a few weeks. […] Bleeding, oozing, or crusting sores that don’t heal

• #12 Skin Cancer Symptoms: Everything You Need to Know

  https://www.molemap.net.au/skin-cancer/symptoms

  Australia and New Zealand have one of the highest rates of skin cancer globally. Non-melanoma skin cancers are the most common. There are two main types: basal cell carcinoma (BCC) which accounts for about 70% of non-melanoma skin cancers and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). […] Melanoma tends to get most of the airtime when it comes to skin cancer talk. Yet, basal cell carcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma are more common. Plus, like melanoma, they can be fatal if not spotted and treated early. Here are the symptoms of skin cancer to be on the lookout for. […] Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is characterised by skin growths. These are, typically, reddish (ulcer like) patches or pearl-shaped lumps, which are pink, red, or brown colour. This type of cancer usually appears on the areas of the skin that get the most sun exposure, such as the face and the arms.

• #13 Basal and Squamous Cell Skin Cancer Symptoms | Skin Cancer Signs | American Cancer Society

  https://www.cancer.org/cancer/types/basal-and-squamous-cell-skin-cancer/detection-diagnosis-staging/signs-and-symptoms.html

  Basal cell cancers (BCCs) usually develop on areas exposed to the sun, especially the face, head, neck, and arms, but they can occur anywhere on the body. […] Basal cell cancers are often fragile and might bleed after shaving or after a minor injury. If you have a sore or cut that is taking longer than a week or so to heal, check with your doctor, because it could be a sign of basal cell skin cancer. […] In people with lighter-colored skin, squamous cell cancers (SCCs) tend to occur on sun-exposed areas of the body such as the face, ear, neck, lip, and back of the hands. These cancers are less common in people with darker skin color, in whom theyre more likely to appear in areas that arent often exposed to the sun. […] These cancers can appear as: Rough or scaly red (or darker) patches, which might crust or bleed; Raised growths or lumps, sometimes with a lower area in the center; Open sores (which may have oozing or crusted areas) that dont heal, or that heal and then come back; Wart-like growths.

• #14 Non-melanoma Skin Cancer | BCC & SCC

  https://patient.info/cancer/skin-cancer-types/non-melanoma-skin-cancer

  An SCC typically develops on the face – most commonly on or around the ears or lips. But, again, any area of skin can be affected. It typically starts as a small crusted or scaly area of skin with a red or pink base. It may grow into a lump. An SCC may ulcerate or bleed from time to time. Unlike BCCs, SCCs are often painful. […] As an SCC grows larger and deeper, it damages nearby structures. For example, if left untreated, an SCC next to a nose or ear can grow into, erode and then completely destroy the nose or ear. An SCC may also spread to other areas of the body. However, this is uncommon in the early stages and most are treated before any spread occurs.

• #15 Non-melanoma skin cancer

  https://info.health.nz/conditions-treatments/cancer/non-melanoma-skin-cancer

  Non-melanoma skin cancers can usually be treated successfully and cured. […] Basal cell carcinomas are usually slow-growing lumps that can be skin-coloured or pink, can be pigmented (darker than your skin), can bleed, can ulcerate (be raw and not heal), and are a few millimetres to several centimetres in diameter. […] Basal cell carcinomas grow but do not spread around the body. They are rarely a cause of death. […] Squamous cell carcinomas are skin lumps that are scaly or crusty, can ulcerate (be raw and not heal), can be tender or painful, and are a few millimetres to several centimetres in diameter. […] Squamous cell carcinomas can grow more quickly than basal cell carcinomas. They can spread over weeks to months. Sometimes they are life-threatening. […] Treatment of non-melanoma skin cancer is very often a cure, but these cancers can return. It is important to keep checking your own skin and to attend follow-up appointments with your healthcare provider.

• #16 Signs and symptoms of non-melanoma skin cancer | Canadian Cancer Society

  https://cancer.ca/en/cancer-information/cancer-types/skin-non-melanoma/signs-and-symptoms

  Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) usually develops on areas of skin exposed to the sun, but it can also be found on the skin around the genitals and anus. It can develop on the skin of scars, sores, ulcers and burns. SCC may appear on the skin as: a sore that doesnt heal or comes back after healing, rough or scaly red patches with irregular borders, raised lumps that indent in the centre, a growth that looks like a wart, a sore that is crusty or bleeds easily.

• #17 Nonmelanoma Skin Cancer: Symptoms

  https://encyclopedia.nm.org/Conditions/Cancer/Specific/SkinCancerNonMelanoma/Overview/34,17584-1

  A reddish growth with raised edges that might itch […] Like basal cell cancer, it often starts in skin exposed to the sun. This includes skin on the face, head, ear, lips, neck, and hands. But it can also start in other parts of the body, like in scars or the skin in the genital area. The cancer may be: […] A rough or scaly bump that appears, then grows quickly […] A wart-like growth that might bleed or crust over […] Flat, rough, red patches on the skin that are irregularly shaped. They may or may not bleed and crust. […] An open sore that doesn’t heal or heals and then comes back […] Merkel cell cancer tumors are most often found on sun-exposed areas of skin, such as the face, neck, and arms. But they can start anywhere on the body. They can look like: […] A firm, shiny skin lump that doesn’t hurt and grows very quickly

• #18 Non-Melanoma Skin Cancer Types, Signs, Symptoms & Stages

  https://iconcancercentre.com.au/cancer/non-melanoma/

  Squamous cell carcinomas can grow quickly over weeks or months. […] Symptoms include: A sore that doesn’t seem to heal, Tender or painful to touch, A lump that grows quickly, Thick, scaly red spot, Changes to sensation of skin around the lesion. […] Basal cell carcinomas can grow slowly and often display little or no symptoms. […] Symptoms include: Scaly patches of skin (pale and shiny or bright pink), Flesh-coloured lump.

• #19

  https://www2.hse.ie/conditions/non-melanoma-skin-cancer/

  There are pre-cancerous growths that may develop into non-melanoma skin cancer if they are not treated. […] The main sign is a red, scaly patch on the skin. It may be itchy. It can appear on any area of the skin. […] Your GP can examine your skin for signs of skin cancer. […] SCC needs more urgent attention than BCC or pre-cancerous skin changes. […] If you have BCC, it is very unlikely that the cancer will spread. You will not usually need more tests. […] But if you have SCC, it can spread. This is rare. If the cancer spreads, it may cause your lymph nodes to swell.

• #20 Nonmelanoma skin cancer. Symptoms, signs and treatment | Medicine Today

  https://medicinetoday.com.au/mt/2018/january/feature-article/nonmelanoma-skin-cancer-symptoms-signs-and-treatment

  GPs are at the forefront of the detection and early management of nonmelanoma skin cancers, which are the most common skin cancers encountered in general practice. […] Actinic keratoses can develop into squamous cell carcinomas. […] Squamous cell carcinomas can metastasise and lesions with histological margins less than 1mm require further treatment. […] AK has varied clinical presentations, with a lesion classically described as a scaly macule or papule on an erythematous base that is 3 to 6mm in diameter, often with rough yellow or white scale. However, AK can also present as hyperkeratotic, pigmented, lichenoid or atrophic lesions. The lesions are often asymptomatic but may sting or itch. […] The primary concern with SCC is its ability to metastasise, which accounts for about 20% of deaths from skin cancer.

• #21 Skin cancer (non-melanoma) | NHS inform

  https://www.nhsinform.scot/illnesses-and-conditions/cancer/cancer-types-in-adults/skin-cancer-non-melanoma/

  Bowen’s disease is a very early form of skin cancer, sometimes referred to as ‘squamous cell carcinoma in situ’. It develops slowly and is easily treated. The main sign is a red, scaly patch on the skin which may itch. It most commonly affects elderly women and is often found on the lower leg. However, it can appear on any area of the skin. […] If you develop a lump, lesion or skin discolouration that hasn’t healed after 4 weeks, speak to your GP. While it is unlikely to be cancer, it is best to be sure.

• #22 Nonmelanoma skin cancer. Symptoms, signs and treatment | Medicine Today

  https://medicinetoday.com.au/mt/2018/january/feature-article/nonmelanoma-skin-cancer-symptoms-signs-and-treatment

  Without treatment, Bowens disease progresses to invasive SCC in 2 to 5% of cases. Invasive SCC presents as an erythematous, keratotic papule or nodule, which is often tender. […] Diagnosis of SCC is confirmed with a biopsy. […] Poor prognostic factors include immunosuppression and lesions arising in scar tissue and ear, lip, mucosal, anogenital, head and neck sites. […] The four main histological signs for poor prognosis are lesion size greater than 2cm, poorly differentiated histology, invasion beyond subcutaneous fat and perineurial involvement. […] Treatment of SCC is by margin-controlled surgical excision, with the margins varying between 2 and 10mm depending on lesion characteristics. […] As incomplete excision carries up to a 50% risk of recurrence, lesions with histological margins of less than 1mm must be considered for further therapy. […] BCC is the most common skin cancer in Australia. […] BCC has multiple clinical presentations, with the most common being nodular BCCs. […] Diagnosis of BCC is confirmed with a biopsy. […] Treatment is determined by the subtype and site of BCC.

• #23 Skin cancer: Types, signs, and more

  https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/skin-cancer

  The first sign of skin cancer is usually a change in the skin, such as an emerging lump, a new mole, or alterations to an existing mole. Identifying any changes early can facilitate a prompt diagnosis of cancer, which may improve a persons outlook. […] Non-melanoma skin cancers are less likely to spread. Basal cell carcinoma usually does not migrate to other parts of the body, but there is a small chance that squamous cell cancer will do so. […] Melanoma skin cancer spreads more readily than non-melanoma, making it more dangerous. It can spread to the lymph nodes and, from there, to other organs in the body. […] The most common sign of skin cancer is a change in the skin. This can be a new growth, an open sore that does not heal, or a change in an existing mole.

• #24 Symptoms of Non-Melanoma Skin Cancer | Stanford Health Care

  https://stanfordhealthcare.org/medical-conditions/cancer/non-melanoma/about-this-condition/symptoms.html

  Some skin cancers grow faster than others and may spread into nearby tissues or other parts of the body (metastasize). Its important to see a doctor if you see any unusual spot on your skin, even if you have no other symptoms. […] Many skin cancers dont have symptoms beyond an unusual spot on the skin. Sometimes the skin spot also has other symptoms: Bleeding at the spot, A scab or crust that doesnt heal after bleeding, A mole that is growing faster than others.

• #25 Basal Cell and Squamous Cell Skin Cancer Stages & Survival Rate

  https://www.cancercenter.com/cancer-types/skin-cancer/stages

  Making an informed treatment decision begins with the stage, or progression, of the disease. The stage of skin cancer is one of the most important factors in evaluating treatment options. Non-melanoma skin cancers, such as basal cell carcinomas rarely spread and may not be staged. The chance that squamous cell carcinomas will spread is slightly higher. […] Treatment options vary depending on the stage of skin cancer. They can range from topical treatments applied directly to the skin for early-stage cancers to more internal treatments such as radiation, chemotherapy and surgery for advanced-stage cancers. […] In general, stage 0 squamous or basal cell cancers may be removed via a surgical procedure or destroyed using other noninvasive methods, such as topical chemotherapy sometimes combined with photodynamic therapy (light therapy).

• #26 Non-Melanoma Skin Cancers | Huntsman Cancer Institute | University of Utah Health

  https://healthcare.utah.edu/huntsmancancerinstitute/skin-cancer/non-melanoma-skin-cancers

  These are signs of skin cancer: A sore that does not heal […] Unusual areas of the skin: Raised, smooth, shiny, and pearly […] Firm and like a scar; may be white, yellow, or waxy […] Raised and red or reddish-brown […] Scaly, bleeding, or crusty. Many other health problems can also cause these signs. If you have any of these signs, see your doctor as soon as possible. […] Cancer stages show whether cancer has spread within the skin or to other parts of the body. Cancer spreads in the body in three ways: through tissue, the lymph system, or the blood. […] These are the stages used for skin cancer: Stage 0 (carcinoma in situ): Abnormal cells are in the squamous cell or basal cell layer of the epidermis. […] Stage 1: Cancer has formed, and the tumor is smaller than 2 centimeters at its widest point or has one high-risk feature.

• #27 Non-Melanoma Skin Cancers | Huntsman Cancer Institute | University of Utah Health

  https://healthcare.utah.edu/huntsmancancerinstitute/skin-cancer/non-melanoma-skin-cancers

  Stage 2: Tumor is either larger than 2 centimeters at the widest point, or of any size with more high-risk features. […] Stage 3: Tumor has spread to the jaw, eye socket, side of the skull, or one lymph node with the lymph node no larger than 3 centimeters. […] Stage 4: The tumor is any size and has spread to other parts of the body and/or lymph nodes. […] When cancer spreads from where it started to another part of the body, it is called metastasis. These metastatic cancer cells are the same type of cancer as the primary tumor. For example, if skin cancer spreads to the bone, the cancer cells in the bone are actually skin cancer cells. The disease is metastatic skin cancer, not bone cancer.

• #28 Overview of Non-Melanoma Skin Cancer | Nebraska Hematology Oncology – Cancer Care Treatment Blood Disorders Clinical Trials Lincoln Nebraska (NE)

  https://www.yourcancercare.com/types-of-cancer/skin-cancer/overview-of-non-melanoma-skin-cancer

  A change to the skin is likely to be the first sign of skin cancer. This may be a sore that doesn’t heal, a new growth, or a change in an old growth. […] When non-melanoma skin cancer is suspected, a patient will commonly undergo a complete skin examination. Information about medical history and history of sun exposure will also be collected. If the skin inspection identifies areas that are suspicious for cancer, a physician will conduct a biopsy to remove a sample of the tissue for further examination. A biopsy allows the physician to determine whether cancer is present. […] Stage describes the extent of cancer. Determining cancer stage allows a physician to pick the most appropriate treatment. Skin cancer stage is based on the size of the cancer, the depth of the cancer, and the extent of spread to lymph nodes and beyond.

• #29 Overview of Non-Melanoma Skin Cancer | Nebraska Hematology Oncology – Cancer Care Treatment Blood Disorders Clinical Trials Lincoln Nebraska (NE)

  https://www.yourcancercare.com/types-of-cancer/skin-cancer/overview-of-non-melanoma-skin-cancer

  Because non-melanoma skin cancer very rarely metastasizes, the prognosis is generally very good. There are certain cancer characteristics, however, that are linked with an increased risk of cancer recurrence or metastasis. […] During the first five years after a diagnosis of non-melanoma skin cancer, between 30% and 50% of patients will develop another non-melanoma skin cancer. Individuals who have had non-melanoma skin cancer are also at increased risk of developing melanoma.

• #30 Skin cancer – Wikipedia

  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Skin_cancer

  Basal-cell skin cancer (BCC) usually presents as a raised, smooth, pearly bump on the sun-exposed skin of the head, neck, torso or shoulders. Sometimes small blood vessels (called telangiectasia) can be seen within the tumor. Crusting and bleeding in the center of the tumor frequently develops. It is often mistaken for a sore that does not heal. This form of skin cancer is the least deadly, and with proper treatment can be eliminated, often without significant scarring. […] Squamous-cell skin cancer (SCC) is commonly a red, scaling, thickened patch on sun-exposed skin. Some are firm hard nodules and dome shaped like keratoacanthomas. Ulceration and bleeding may occur. When SCC is not treated, it may develop into a large mass. Squamous-cell is the second most common skin cancer. It is dangerous, but not nearly as dangerous as a melanoma.

• #31

  https://111.wales.nhs.uk/encyclopaedia/c/article/canceroftheskinnonmelanoma/

  The chance of non-melanoma skin cancer returning is increased if your previous cancer was large in size and high grade (severe). […] It’s also important to be aware that if you’ve had a non-melanoma skin cancer, your risk of developing another one in the future is increased because these cancers are often multiple. […] Non-melanoma skin cancer isn’t always preventable, but you can reduce your chances of developing it by avoiding overexposure to UV light. […] Overall, treatment is successful for at least 9 out of 10 people with non-melanoma skin cancer.

• #32 Nonmelanoma Skin Cancer

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC3339125/

  Incidence of NMSC has significantly increased up to 10% per annum, and currently 23 million new cases of NMSC are diagnosed worldwide every year. […] The diagnosis of NMSC in classical cases can be made clinically. With the exception of BCC of the superficial subtype, the majority of NMSC arises over sun-exposed skin. SCC tends to present as rapidly growing pink or red nodules, which may be hyperkeratotic or ulcerated. The clinical features of BCC depend upon the subtype. Nodular BCC is the commonest subtype accounting for over 60% of cases of BCC, and presents as pink nodules, with rolled edges, surface telangiectasia and ulceration or crusting. […] 95% of recurrences for SCC occur within 5 years, with 70-80% of these recurrences occurring within the first 2 years.

• #33 Non-melanoma skin cancer | Canadian Cancer Society

  https://cancer.ca/en/cancer-information/cancer-types/skin-non-melanoma

  Common signs and symptoms of non-melanoma skin cancer include a sore that doesn’t heal, a sore that bleeds and scaly red patches on the skin. […] When non-melanoma is found early the chances of successful treatment are better. […] Most non-melanoma skin cancers don’t spread to other parts of the body. If they do, they can spread to nearby lymph nodes, lungs or bone. […] Prognosis estimates the outcome for non-melanoma skin cancer. It depends on many factors including the location, size and depth of the cancer.

• #34 Skin cancer

  https://dermnetnz.org/topics/skin-cancer

  Skin cancers generally appear as a progressive lump or nodule, an ulcer, or a changing lesion. […] Skin cancer can usually be treated and cured before complications occur. Signs of advanced, aggressive, or neglected skin cancer may include: Ulceration, Bleeding, Local invasion and destruction of adjacent tissues and structures, Distant spread of a tumour to lymph glands and other organs such as liver and brain (metastasis). […] Most skin cancer can be completely cured with early treatment. Advanced skin cancers are more difficult to treat and can lead to death.

• #35 Non-melanoma skin cancer | informedhealth.org

  https://www.informedhealth.org/non-melanoma-skin-cancer.html

  Non-melanoma cancer can take on very different forms so it can have a number of different symptoms too: The affected area of skin may become scaly, lumpy, or change color. This makes it difficult to tell the difference between non-melanoma skin cancer and other skin changes. […] On light skin, it usually looks like a shiny, slightly see-through lump at first. The surface may look similar to candle wax. […] This may look like a scaly, red or brownish-yellow patch of skin or a scabby or crusted sore. […] People sometimes notice non-melanoma skin cancer because an area of skin is itchy or starts to bleed. It doesn’t cause any other symptoms for a long time. But if it grows larger, enters deeper layers of tissue or spreads inside the body, it causes other symptoms mostly pain in the affected area.

• #36 Basal Cell and Squamous Cell Skin Cancer Stages & Survival Rate

  https://www.cancercenter.com/cancer-types/skin-cancer/stages

  If the tumor is large or has spread to lymph nodes, bones or other organs, systemic treatments can help destroy more cancer cells beyond the tumor. These typically include those listed below. […] Systemic chemotherapy (which involves administering drugs to destroy fast-growing cancer cells), is rarely used for basal cell carcinomas, but in some cases, it may be recommended after other therapies for patients with advanced squamous cell skin cancer.

• #37 Photos of skin cancer | Cancer Research UK

  https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/about-cancer/skin-cancer/symptoms/photos

  Non melanoma skin cancer tends to develop most often on skin exposed to the sun. […] Symptoms of skin cancer can include: a sore that doesn’t heal, an area of skin that looks unusual, red, itchy, bleeds or scabs for more than 4 weeks. […] You should see your doctor if you have: a spot or sore that doesn’t heal within 4 weeks, a spot or sore that hurts, is itchy, crusty, scabs over, or bleeds for more than 4 weeks, areas where the skin has broken down (an ulcer) and doesn’t heal within 4 weeks, and you can’t think of a reason for this change. […] Non melanoma skin cancer includes basal cell skin cancer, squamous cell skin cancer and other rare types. […] Non melanoma skin cancer includes basal cell carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma and other rare types. They tend to develop most often on skin that has been exposed to the sun.

• #38 Overview of Non-Melanoma Skin Cancer – Virginia Cancer Institute

  https://www.vacancer.com/cancer/skin-cancer/overview-of-non-melanoma-skin-cancer/

  Surgery is the mainstay of treatment for non-melanoma skin cancers. There are several different types of surgery, and the choice of which to use will depend in part on the location and characteristics of the cancer. Other treatment options include radiation therapy, photodynamic therapy, and topical therapy.

• #39 Non-Melanoma: Symptoms, Treatment and Causes | MyHealthcare Clinic

  https://myhealthcareclinic.com/conditions/skin-cancer-non-melanoma/

  The first sign of non-melanoma skin cancer is usually the appearance of a lump or discoloured patch on the skin that persists after a few weeks and slowly progresses over months or sometimes years. This is the cancer, or tumour. […] In most cases, cancerous lumps are red and firm and sometimes turn into ulcers, while cancerous patches are usually flat and scaly. […] Non-melanoma skin cancer most often develops on areas of skin regularly exposed to the sun, such as the face, ears, hands, shoulders, upper chest and back. […] For both SCC and BCC there can sometimes be considerable skin damage if the tumour is not treated. […] Treatment for non-melanoma skin cancer is usually successful as, unlike most other types of cancer, theres a considerably lower risk that the cancer will spread to other parts of the body. […] However, for both BCC and SCC there can sometimes be considerable skin damage if the tumour is not treated. […] At least 9 out of 10 non-melanoma skin cancer cases are successfully cured.

• #40 What to Expect of Non Melanoma | Stanford Health Care

  https://stanfordhealthcare.org/medical-conditions/cancer/non-melanoma/patient-care-resources/what-to-expect.html

  There are two primary approaches to non-melanoma treatment. As we develop treatment recommendations for you, we consider whether the cancer is confined to the skin or has spread to other parts of your body. […] After you complete your non-melanoma treatment, your care team works with you to develop an ongoing care plan. Regular follow-up care, also known as surveillance, is important to: Monitor your overall health, Manage any remaining side effects, Check for possible signs of the cancer coming back (recurring). […] Our palliative care specialists work closely with your care team to maintain your quality of life and achieve your personal goals after cancer treatment.

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