Materiały źródłowe

• #1 Oral Cavity (Mouth) Cancer Treatment Options, by Stage | American Cancer Society

  https://www.cancer.org/cancer/types/oral-cavity-and-oropharyngeal-cancer/treating/by-stage.html

  Treatment for oral cavity cancer is based largely on the stage (extent) of the cancer, but other factors can also be important. […] Most patients with stage I or II oral cavity cancers do well when treated with surgery and/or radiation therapy. Chemotherapy (chemo) given along with radiation (called chemoradiation) is another option. […] For cancers of the floor of the mouth, front of the tongue, inside of the cheek, gums, and hard palate, surgery is the main treatment. […] If it looks like surgery hasn’t completely removed the cancer or if there is a high chance of it coming back, radiation alone or chemoradiation might be added. […] Surgery is usually done first and includes taking out some of the neck lymph nodes (lymph node dissection). Surgery is most often followed by radiation alone or chemoradiation.

• #1 Floor of the mouth cancer – Diagnosis and treatment – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/floor-mouth-cancer/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20446340

  Treatment for floor of the mouth cancer often begins with surgery. Surgery might be followed by radiation, chemotherapy or both. […] Surgery is the most common treatment for floor of the mouth cancer. Operations used to treat floor of the mouth cancer include: […] Surgery to remove the cancer. The surgeon removes the cancer and some of the healthy tissue around it. This ensures that all the cancer cells are removed. […] Surgery to remove lymph nodes in the neck. When floor of the mouth cancer spreads, it often goes to the lymph nodes in the neck first. […] Other forms of treatment may include: […] Radiation therapy uses powerful energy beams to kill cancer cells. […] Chemotherapy uses strong medicines to kill cancer cells. […] Targeted therapy uses medicines that attack specific chemicals in the cancer cells.

• #1 Lip and Oral Cavity Cancer Treatment (PDQ®) – NCI

  https://www.cancer.gov/types/head-and-neck/hp/adult/lip-mouth-treatment-pdq

  Advanced cancers (stage III and stage IV) of the lip, floor of the mouth, and retromolar trigone represent a wide spectrum of challenges for the surgeon and radiation oncologists. Most patients with stage III or stage IV tumors are candidates for treatment with a combination of surgery and radiation therapy. […] Treatment options for stage I small lesions of the floor of the mouth include: Surgery for patients with T1 lesions. Radiation therapy is used to treat T1 lesions. Excision alone is generally adequate to treat lesions smaller than 0.5 cm if there is a margin of normal mucosa between the lesion and the gingiva. Surgery is often used if the lesion is attached to the periosteum. Radiation therapy is often used if the lesion encroaches on the tongue. […] Treatment options for stage II small lesions of the floor of the mouth include: Surgery is often used for patients with small T2 lesions (3 cm) if the lesion is attached to the periosteum. Radiation therapy is often used to treat patients with small T2 lesions (3 cm) if the lesion encroaches on the tongue.

• #1 Floor of the mouth cancer: Symptoms, treatment and prognosis | CURAPROX

  https://curaprox.co.nz/blog/post/interesting-facts-about-floor-of-the-mouth-cancer?srsltid=AfmBOooH2wiL2J1Mln11X2u1rGm6zsAMs0AXL3vF7Z8SNc_z2KYf6bTc

  Treatment of floor of the mouth cancer may vary significantly depending on its location, size, form of progression and stage. […] The most common forms of treatment for squamous cell carcinomas of the floor of the mouth are presented below: Surgery, Radiotherapy, Chemotherapy. […] Various therapies can be used either alone or in combination, depending on individual needs. […] If the tumour needs to be removed surgically, chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy treatment may be prescribed either before or after surgery. […] During surgery for floor of the mouth cancer, the surgeon excises not only the tumour but also clinically healthy surrounding tissue with a margin of at least one centimetre to prevent invisible tumour cells from remaining in the floor of the mouth and forming a new tumour.

• #1 Mouth Cancer Surgery | Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center

  https://www.mskcc.org/cancer-care/types/mouth/mouth-cancer-treatment/mouth-cancer-surgery

  Surgery is the main treatment for most people with mouth cancer. Usually these tumors can be removed through the opening of the oral cavity, but some may require a more extensive approach. Which surgery is right for you depends on such factors as the size, stage, and location of your tumor. […] MSKs head and neck surgeons place a strong emphasis on removing the cancer completely while preserving your quality of life. Achieving this delicate balance is our goal. It allows us to provide you with the best option for control of the disease while being highly attentive to your ability to speak, eat, and swallow. […] Mouth cancers often spread to the lymph nodes in the neck first. Removing the lymph nodes in the neck (and other nearby tissue) may be done at the same time as the surgery to remove the mouth cancer. The goal of this procedure is to remove lymph nodes shown to contain, or that are likely to contain, cancer and to reduce the chance that the cancer may return in the future. Lymph node removal is most commonly recommended for cancers that begin in the tongue, the floor of the mouth, or the lower gums.

• #1 Radiation therapy for oral cancer | Canadian Cancer Society

  https://cancer.ca/en/cancer-information/cancer-types/oral/treatment/radiation-therapy

  Radiation therapy uses high-energy rays or particles to destroy cancer cells. It is sometimes used to treat oral cancer. Your healthcare team will consider your personal needs to plan the type and amount of radiation, and when and how it is given. You may also receive other treatments. […] Advantages of radiation therapy for oral cancer are that the normal look and functions of the mouth are maintained and general anesthesia is not needed. If radiation therapy is not successful in treating the oral cancer, salvage surgery (surgery to remove any cancer that remains after treatment) is still possible. […] Disadvantages of radiation therapy for oral cancer are the side effects. Radiation therapy is not as effective as surgery for large tumours and surgery after radiation therapy is often more difficult and more dangerous.

• #1 Radiation Therapy for Oral Cavity and Oropharyngeal Cancer | American Cancer Society

  https://www.cancer.org/cancer/types/oral-cavity-and-oropharyngeal-cancer/treating/radiation-therapy.html

  Radiation therapy uses high-energy x-rays or particles to destroy cancer cells or slow their growth. Depending on the stage of the oral cavity or oropharyngeal cancer and other factors, radiation therapy might be used: […] Alone as the main treatment for small cancers or for people who can’t have surgery. […] After surgery (adjuvant therapy), either alone or with chemotherapy (chemoradiation), to try to kill any cancer cells that might have been left behind because they were too small to be seen with the naked eye during surgery. Radiation after surgery can also help lower the chance the cancer will come back in the same spot. […] Before surgery (neoadjuvant therapy) with chemotherapy (chemoradiation) or after chemotherapy to try to shrink some larger cancers. In some cases, this might make it possible to use less extensive surgery and remove less tissue.

• #1 Oral Cavity (Mouth) Cancer Treatment Options, by Stage | American Cancer Society

  https://www.cancer.org/cancer/types/oral-cavity-and-oropharyngeal-cancer/treating/by-stage.html

  People with stage IVB cancers that cannot be removed by surgery or who are too weak for surgery might be treated with radiation alone. […] Stage IVC cancers are usually treated with chemo, cetuximab, or both. Immunotherapy, alone or with chemo, might be another option. […] Treatment options for recurrent cancers depend on the location and size of the cancer, what treatments have already been used, and the persons general health. […] If the cancer comes back in the same area and radiation therapy was used as the first treatment, surgery is often the next treatment, if the cancer can be removed completely and the patient is healthy enough for surgery. […] If the cancer comes back in the lymph nodes in the neck, the nodes are often removed with surgery (lymph node dissection). This may be followed by radiation or chemoradiation. […] If the cancer comes back in a distant area, chemo (and/or cetuximab) is often used. Immunotherapy with or without chemo might be an option as well.

• #1 Radiation Therapy for Oral Cavity and Oropharyngeal Cancer | American Cancer Society

  https://www.cancer.org/cancer/types/oral-cavity-and-oropharyngeal-cancer/treating/radiation-therapy.html

  With a targeted drug for larger cancers, if chemotherapy is not an option. […] To help ease symptoms of advanced cancer, such as pain, bleeding, trouble swallowing, and problems caused by cancer spread to lungs or bones. […] To treat cancer that has come back after treatment (recurrence). […] Chemoradiation (radiation given at the same time as chemotherapy) often works better than radiation alone, but it also has more side effects. […] External beam radiation therapy (EBRT) is the type of radiation therapy most often used to treat oral cavity or oropharyngeal cancer or its spread to other organs. It focuses radiation from a source outside the body onto the cancer. […] Brachytherapy is rarely used to treat oral cavity or oropharyngeal cancers as a first treatment, but it might be used if the cancer recurs (comes back).

• #1 Radiation therapy for oral cancer | Canadian Cancer Society

  https://cancer.ca/en/cancer-information/cancer-types/oral/treatment/radiation-therapy

  Radiation therapy is often used after surgery for oral cancer. It may be used as the main treatment for oral cancer in certain situations where surgery is not an option. […] Radiation therapy is sometimes combined with chemotherapy to treat oral cancer. This is called chemoradiation. The 2 treatments are given during the same time period. […] Radiation therapy is given for different reasons. You may have radiation therapy or chemoradiation to: destroy the cancer cells in the body, shrink a tumour before other treatments such as surgery or chemotherapy (called neoadjuvant therapy), destroy cancer cells that may be left behind after surgery or chemotherapy to reduce the risk that the cancer will come back (called adjuvant therapy), relieve pain or control the symptoms of advanced oral cancer (called palliative therapy). […] Brachytherapy may sometimes be used for small tumours in the mouth, including those on the tongue, lip, floor of the mouth and inner lining of the cheek (buccal mucosa). […] Brachytherapy may be used in combination with external beam radiation therapy.

• #1 Dose escalation in advanced floor of the mouth cancer: a pilot study using a combination of IMRT and stereotactic boost | Radiation Oncology | Full Text

  https://ro-journal.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s13014-021-01842-1

  We evaluated the efficiency and toxicity of stereotactic hypofractionated boost in combination with conventionally fractionated radiotherapy in the treatment of advanced floor of the mouth cancer. […] The combination of EBRT and stereotactic hypofractionated boost is safe and seems to be an effective option for dose escalation in patients with advanced floor of the mouth tumors who are ineligible for surgical treatment and require a non-invasive approach. […] Patients were indicated for radical radiochemotherapy or hyperfractionated radiotherapy in combination with the stereotactic hypofractionated boost to the primary tumor. […] The conventional EBRT protocol was based on intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) with simultaneous integrated boost (SIB). […] The stereotactic hypofractionated boost continuously followed the course of conventional EBRT.

• #1 Mouth cancer – Diagnosis and treatment – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/mouth-cancer/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20351002

  Surgery carries a risk of bleeding and infection. Surgery for mouth cancer may affect your appearance. It also may affect the ability to speak, eat and swallow. Physical therapy and other rehabilitation services can help you cope with these changes. […] Radiation therapy treats cancer with powerful energy beams. The energy can come from X-rays, protons or other sources. Radiation therapy for mouth cancer is most often delivered by a machine that moves around the body. The machine aims radiation to precise points. This kind of radiation therapy is called external beam radiation. […] Chemotherapy treats cancer with strong medicines. Chemotherapy is often used after surgery to kill any cancer cells that remain. Chemotherapy may increase the effectiveness of radiation therapy, so the two treatments are often combined. If the cancer spreads to other parts of the body, chemotherapy can help control it.

• #1 Mouth Cancer (oral cancer) – Head and Neck Cancer Australia

  https://www.headandneckcancer.org.au/types-of-head-neck-cancer/oral-cancer/

  Neo-adjuvant […] This is when chemotherapy is given before surgery or radiation therapy to help shrink large cancers, making them easier to remove during surgery, or target with radiation therapy. This is very rarely used for oral cancer but may be used for sarcomas. […] Palliative […] This is used when the cancer is incurable. The cancer may be too large or has spread too much to be removed by surgery. Palliative chemotherapy helps to slow the growth of cancer and reduce symptoms. It is important to remember that palliative chemotherapy is not as intense as other types and is much less likely to have significant side effects.

• #1 Treatment – Oral Cancer Foundation | Information and Resources about Oral Head and Neck Cancer

  https://oralcancerfoundation.org/cdc/treatment/

  Chemotherapy has been used in attempts to improve survival or to reduce the incidence of distant metastases, to serve as an adjunct to radiotherapy for organ preservation, and to select patients for subsequent therapy based on their response to chemotherapy. […] Chemotherapy has been applied as induction (so-called neoadjuvant therapy), concurrently with radiotherapy and as post-treatment adjuvant therapy. […] Neoadjuvant therapy has been widely studied in recent years; a number of drug regimens have been used. […] The combination of cisplatin and fluorouracil (5-FU) has achieved considerable popularity because of high rates of response with acceptable rates of toxicity. […] Immunologic response modifiers such as alpha interferon and interleukin have been used in combination with other therapies to boost the patient’s own immune response against oral carcinoma.

• #1 Oral cancer – Wikipedia

  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oral_cancer

  Monoclonal antibody therapy (with agents such as cetuximab) have been shown to be effective in the treatment of squamous cell head and neck cancers, and are likely to have an increasing role in the future management of this condition when used in conjunction with other established treatment modalities, although it is not a replacement for chemotherapy in head and neck cancers.

• #1 Floor of the mouth cancer – Diagnosis and treatment – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/floor-mouth-cancer/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20446340

  Immunotherapy is a treatment with medicine that helps your body’s immune system kill cancer cells. […] Photodynamic therapy uses a medicine that makes cancer cells sensitive to light. […] Treatment for advanced floor of the mouth cancer can affect your ability to speak and eat. Working with a skilled rehabilitation team can help you cope with changes that result from cancer treatment.

• #1 Mouth Cancer Treatment Without Surgery: What’re the Options?

  https://www.medicoexperts.com/mouth-cancer-treatment-without-surgery/

  In immunotherapy, checkpoint inhibitors, which are a type of medication, are used to treat mouth cancer that cannot be operated on or is in its advanced stage. […] Targeted cancer drugs focus on specific features in cancer cells that boost their growth and survival. […] Your doctor may recommend photodynamic therapy (PDT) if you have mouth lesions (damage through injury or disease) that are at risk of developing cancer or if the cancer is discovered very early and is only present on the surface of your mouth. […] Some advanced non-surgical treatments for mouth cancer help you treat the disease effectively. […] It is always better to consult an oncologist regarding non-surgical treatment options. […] If your cancer is diagnosed at an early stage, radiotherapy can cure it. But in advanced stages, non-surgical treatment may not work effectively and you will need surgery to remove the cancer.

• #1 Lip and Oral Cavity Cancer Treatment (PDQ®) – NCI

  https://www.cancer.gov/types/head-and-neck/hp/adult/lip-mouth-treatment-pdq

  Early cancers (stage I and stage II) of the lip and oral cavity are highly curable by surgery or radiation therapy. The choice of treatment is dictated by the anticipated functional and cosmetic results of treatment and by the availability of a surgeon or radiation oncologist with the required expertise. […] Advanced cancers (stage III and stage IV) of the lip and oral cavity represent a wide spectrum of challenges for the surgeon and radiation oncologist. Most patients with stage III or stage IV tumors are candidates for treatment by a combination of surgery and radiation therapy. […] Early cancers (stage I and stage II) of the lip, floor of the mouth, and retromolar trigone are highly curable by surgery or radiation therapy. The choice of treatment is dictated by the anticipated functional and cosmetic results.

• #1 Treatments for early-stage oral cancer | Canadian Cancer Society

  https://cancer.ca/en/cancer-information/cancer-types/oral/treatment/early-stage

  The following are treatment options for early-stage (stage 1 or stage 2) oral cancer. Your healthcare team will suggest treatments based on your needs and work with you to develop a treatment plan. […] Early-stage oral cancers are usually treated with surgery as the main therapy. In certain situations, surgery may be followed with radiation therapy, with or without chemotherapy. […] Surgery to remove the tumour is the most common treatment used for early-stage oral cancers. […] Radiation therapy may be used after surgery. Radiation therapy may be given as external beam radiation therapy, brachytherapy or both. Sometimes chemotherapy is given along with radiation therapy (called chemoradiation). […] Radiation therapy may also be used to treat the lymph nodes in the neck for tumours that involve the oral tongue or floor of the mouth and are 4 mm or thicker.

• #1 Treatment – Oral Cancer Foundation | Information and Resources about Oral Head and Neck Cancer

  https://oralcancerfoundation.org/cdc/treatment/

  Although radiotherapy may work as well as surgery for early malignant lesions in several of these subsites, such as the floor of mouth, concern about complication rates has made surgery the choice for most of these lesions. […] Advanced primary tumors adjacent to the mandible may require a rim mandibulectomy, and those tumors that frankly invade the mandible are treated with a segmental mandibulectomy. […] Most radiotherapy for carcinoma of the oral cavity uses an interstitial implant either alone or combined with external beam. […] Recurrence rates vary by primary site and increase with increasing primary stage. For lesions on the floor of the mouth, 5-year cause-specific survival rates by stage are as follows: I: 90%, II: 80%, III: 70%, favorable IV: 40-50%, and unfavorable IV: 20%.

• #1 Lip and Oral Cavity Cancer Treatment (PDQ®) – NCI

  https://www.cancer.gov/types/head-and-neck/hp/adult/lip-mouth-treatment-pdq

  Treatment options for stage III moderately advanced lesions of the floor of the mouth include: Surgery using rim resection plus neck dissection or partial mandibulectomy with neck dissection, as appropriate. Radiation therapy using EBRT alone or EBRT plus an interstitial implant. […] Treatment options for stage IV advanced lesions of the floor of the mouth include: A combination of surgery and radiation therapy, which is generally administered postoperatively, is often used. Preoperative radiation therapy is often used for fixed nodes (5 cm). […] Treatment options for metastatic and recurrent lip and oral cavity cancer include: Surgery is the preferred treatment if radiation therapy was used initially. Surgery, radiation therapy, or a combination of these treatments may be considered if surgery was used to treat the lesion initially.

• #1 Radiation Therapy for Oral Cavity and Oropharyngeal Cancer | American Cancer Society

  https://www.cancer.org/cancer/types/oral-cavity-and-oropharyngeal-cancer/treating/radiation-therapy.html

  If you are going to get radiation therapy, it’s important to ask your doctor about the possible side effects so you know what to expect. […] Radiation to the mouth and throat area can cause several short-term side effects depending on where the radiation is aimed and can include: Skin changes like a sunburn or suntan in the treated area, Hoarseness, Loss of taste, Redness, soreness, or even pain in the mouth and throat, Dry mouth, Trouble swallowing, Feeling tired, Open sores in the mouth and throat. […] Many people treated with radiation to the oral cavity and throat area have painful sores in the mouth and throat that can make it very hard to eat and drink. This can lead to weight loss and poor nutrition. […] Damage to the salivary (spit) glands from radiation can cause a dry mouth that doesn’t get better with time. This can lead to discomfort and problems eating and swallowing, as well as damage to the jaw bone.

• #1 Radiation Therapy for Oral Cavity and Oropharyngeal Cancer | American Cancer Society

  https://www.cancer.org/cancer/types/oral-cavity-and-oropharyngeal-cancer/treating/radiation-therapy.html

  This problem, known as osteoradionecrosis of the jaw, can be a serious side effect of radiation treatment. […] Radiation might damage your thyroid gland. Your doctor will do blood tests regularly to see how well your thyroid is working. You may need treatment if it’s been damaged and is not working well. […] Some people treated with radiation therapy might be at risk of developing lymphedema in the head and neck areas that were treated. […] Radiation to the neck area might increase a person’s risk of stroke many years after treatment.

• #1 Oral Cancers: Risk Factors, Diagnosis, and Treatment

  https://www.healthline.com/health/oral-cancer

  Nutrition is also an important part of your oral cancer treatment. Many treatments make it difficult or painful to eat and swallow, and poor appetite and weight loss are common. Make sure you discuss your diet with your doctor. […] Keeping your mouth healthy during cancer treatments is a crucial part of treatment. Make sure to keep your mouth moist and your teeth and gums clean. […] People who are diagnosed with advanced oral cancer will likely need reconstructive surgery and some rehabilitation to assist with eating and speaking during recovery. […] Reconstruction can involve dental implants or grafts to repair the missing bones and tissues in the mouth or face. Artificial palates are used to replace any missing tissue or teeth. […] Rehabilitation is also necessary for cases of advanced cancer. Speech therapy can be provided from the time you get out of surgery until you reach the maximum level of improvement.

• #1 Oral cancer – UF Health

  https://ufhealth.org/conditions-and-treatments/oral-cancer

  Surgery to remove the tumor is recommended if the tumor is small enough. […] If the tumor has spread to more tissue or nearby lymph nodes, a larger surgery is done. The amount of tissue and the number of lymph nodes that are removed depend on how far the cancer has spread. […] Surgery may be used together with radiation therapy and chemotherapy for larger tumors. […] Other treatments may include: Targeted therapy, which uses drugs to stop cancer from growing and spreading. […] Immunotherapy, which uses substances made by the body or in a lab to help the immune system work harder or in a more targeted way to fight cancer. […] Depending on what type of treatment you require, supportive treatments that may be needed include: Speech therapy. […] Therapy to help with chewing and swallowing. […] Learning to eat enough protein and calories to keep your weight up. Ask your provider about liquid food supplements that can help. […] Help with dry mouth.

• #1 Floor of the mouth cancer: Symptoms, treatment and prognosis | CURAPROX

  https://curaprox.co.nz/blog/post/interesting-facts-about-floor-of-the-mouth-cancer?srsltid=AfmBOooH2wiL2J1Mln11X2u1rGm6zsAMs0AXL3vF7Z8SNc_z2KYf6bTc

  If metastases have formed in the cervical lymph nodes or are suspected, they also have to be excised. […] Treatment for squamous cell carcinomas of the floor of the mouth is usually followed by rehabilitation also known as rehab. […] If the jaw and tongue had to be completely or partially removed during surgery, it represents a deleterious effect on the patients quality of life. […] The prognosis depends significantly on how advanced the cancer is at the time of diagnosis: If the lymph nodes have not yet been affected, the average five-year survival rate is around 70 percent. […] However, if metastases have formed in the lymph nodes, the survival rate drops to about 20 to 25 percent.

• #1 Analysis of treatment results for floor-of-mouth cancer – PubMed

  https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11037841/

  Objective: This study reports the results of treating floor-of-mouth cancer with five different treatment modalities with long-term follow-up. […] Methods: Patients with biopsy-proven squamous cell carcinoma of the floor of mouth who were previously untreated were treated with curative intent by one of five modalities and were all eligible for 5-year follow-up. The treatment modalities included local resection alone, composite resection alone (with neck dissection), radiation therapy alone, local resection with radiation therapy, and composite resection with radiation therapy. […] Results: The overall 5-year disease-specific survival (DSS) was 56% with death due to tumor in 44% of patients. The DSS by treatment modality included local resection (76%), composite resection (63%), radiation therapy (43%), local resection with radiation therapy (61%), and composite resection with radiation therapy (55%).

• #1 Analysis of treatment results for floor-of-mouth cancer – PubMed

  https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11037841/

  Conclusions: Significantly improved 5-year DSS was seen in the patients with clear margins, early clinical tumor stage, and negative nodes. Significantly decreased 5-year survival was seen in the patients with involved margins, advanced clinical tumor stage, positive nodes, and tumor recurrence. Patients with no clinically positive nodes (cNO) can be observed safely for regional nodal disease and subsequent positive nodes can be treated as they occur with no adverse affect on survival. Because of high recurrence rates at the primary site and neck, and an increased rate of both distant metastasis and the development of second primary cancers, patients should be monitored closely for a minimum of at least 5 years.

• #1 Oral Cancer | Types | MedStar Health

  https://www.medstarhealth.org/services/mouth-cancer-oral-cancer

  Cancer can develop in different cell types found in the mouth, but squamous cell carcinoma (cancer) is the most common type of mouth cancer. Your treatment depends on the exact location of cancer within the oral cavity, as cancerous cells can begin in the following areas: […] Treatment options for oral cancer depend on: […] If you have cancer in the oral cavity, your doctors will work together to review your best treatment options and help you understand the pros and cons of each. We’re committed to delivering personalized, comprehensive care that considers both treatment effectiveness and your quality of life. […] Early-stage oral tumors usually get treated with surgery or radiation, or a combination of the two (sometimes lymph nodes also need radiation). Removing smaller tumors from the back of the tongue is often done with a minimally invasive approach, through robotic-assisted surgery.

• #1 Mouth cancer | Causes, Symptoms & Treatments | Cancer Council

  https://www.cancer.org.au/cancer-information/types-of-cancer/mouth-cancer

  Palliative care aims to improve your quality of life without trying to cure the cancer. It may be recommended by your doctor to alleviate the symptoms of cancer or the side-effects of treatment. […] Depending on your treatment, your treatment team may consist of a number of different health professionals, such as GP (General Practitioner), Ear, nose and throat (ENT) specialist, Head and neck surgeon, Oral surgeon, Reconstructive (plastic) surgeon, Dentist, Radiation oncologist, Medical oncologist, Cancer nurse, Dietitian, Speech pathologist, and other allied health professionals.

• #1 Oral Cancer: Causes, Symptoms, & Treatment

  https://www.webmd.com/oral-health/oral-cancer

  Treatment for oral cancer can change your appearance and affect your ability to eat and speak. While you’re recovering, you’ll need help managing pain and other side effects, plus nutritional and emotional support. […] You’ll have follow-up visits with your doctor and tests every few months for the first 3 years to check your recovery and make sure the cancer hasn’t come back. […] Oral cancer treatments can damage healthy tissue and cause new health problems. Ask your doctor what side effects you can expect. […] Oral cancer and treatments for it can make eating a challenge. On top of mouth pain and trouble chewing and swallowing, food may taste different, and you may just not feel like eating. […] A speech therapist can help you manage both speech problems and trouble swallowing. If treatment has caused hearing loss, an audiologist can help you find a solution. […] It’s common to have anxiety and depression while you’re going through cancer treatment. Connecting with others through a support group, either in person or online, can be helpful.

• #2 Mouth cancer – Diagnosis and treatment – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/mouth-cancer/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20351002

  Treatments for mouth cancer include surgery, radiation therapy and medicines. Medicines that help treat mouth cancer include chemotherapy, targeted therapy and immunotherapy. You may have just one type of treatment, or you may undergo a combination of cancer treatments. […] Your healthcare team considers many factors when creating a mouth cancer treatment plan. These may include the cancer’s location and how fast it’s growing. The team also may look at whether the cancer has spread to other parts of the body and the results of tests on the cancer cells. Your team also considers your overall health and personal preferences. […] During mouth cancer surgery, the surgeon removes the cancer and some of the healthy cells around it, called a margin. Removing the margin helps ensure that all the cancer cells are removed. The extent of the surgery depends on the size of the cancer. If cancer has spread into bone, the surgeon may remove some bone tissue.

• #2 Lip and Oral Cavity Cancer Treatment (PDQ®) – NCI

  https://www.cancer.gov/types/head-and-neck/hp/adult/lip-mouth-treatment-pdq

  Early cancers (stage I and stage II) of the lip and oral cavity are highly curable by surgery or radiation therapy. The choice of treatment is dictated by the anticipated functional and cosmetic results of treatment and by the availability of a surgeon or radiation oncologist with the required expertise. […] Advanced cancers (stage III and stage IV) of the lip and oral cavity represent a wide spectrum of challenges for the surgeon and radiation oncologist. Most patients with stage III or stage IV tumors are candidates for treatment by a combination of surgery and radiation therapy. […] Early cancers (stage I and stage II) of the lip, floor of the mouth, and retromolar trigone are highly curable by surgery or radiation therapy. The choice of treatment is dictated by the anticipated functional and cosmetic results.

• #2 Lip and Oral Cavity Cancer Treatment – NCI

  https://www.cancer.gov/types/head-and-neck/patient/adult/lip-mouth-treatment-pdq

  Treatment of stage I lip and oral cavity cancer depends on where cancer is found in the lip and oral cavity. […] If cancer is in the floor (bottom) of the mouth, treatment may include: surgery (wide local excision) for tumors smaller than centimeter; surgery (wide local excision) or radiation therapy for larger tumors. […] If cancer is in the floor (bottom) of the mouth, treatment may include: surgery (wide local excision); radiation therapy; surgery (wide local excision) followed by external radiation therapy, with or without internal radiation therapy, for large tumors. […] If cancer is in the floor (bottom) of the mouth, treatment may include surgery before or after radiation therapy. […] Treatment of metastatic (IVC) and recurrent lip and oral cavity cancer may include: surgery, if radiation therapy was used before; surgery and/or radiation therapy, if surgery was used before; immunotherapy (nivolumab or pembrolizumab).

• #2 Floor of the mouth cancer: Symptoms, treatment and prognosis | CURAPROX

  https://curaprox.co.nz/blog/post/interesting-facts-about-floor-of-the-mouth-cancer?srsltid=AfmBOooH2wiL2J1Mln11X2u1rGm6zsAMs0AXL3vF7Z8SNc_z2KYf6bTc

  If metastases have formed in the cervical lymph nodes or are suspected, they also have to be excised. […] Treatment for squamous cell carcinomas of the floor of the mouth is usually followed by rehabilitation also known as rehab. […] If the jaw and tongue had to be completely or partially removed during surgery, it represents a deleterious effect on the patients quality of life. […] The prognosis depends significantly on how advanced the cancer is at the time of diagnosis: If the lymph nodes have not yet been affected, the average five-year survival rate is around 70 percent. […] However, if metastases have formed in the lymph nodes, the survival rate drops to about 20 to 25 percent.

• #2

  https://content.irisoncology.com/library/floor-of-the-mouth-cancer

  Floor of the mouth cancer treatments include surgery, radiation therapy and chemotherapy. […] Treatment for floor of the mouth cancer often begins with surgery. Surgery might be followed by radiation, chemotherapy or both. […] Surgery is the most common treatment for floor of the mouth cancer. […] Other forms of treatment may include: […] Radiation therapy uses powerful energy beams to kill cancer cells. […] Chemotherapy uses strong medicines to kill cancer cells. […] Targeted therapy uses medicines that attack specific chemicals in the cancer cells. […] Immunotherapy is a treatment with medicine that helps your body’s immune system kill cancer cells. […] Photodynamic therapy uses a medicine that makes cancer cells sensitive to light. […] Treatment for advanced floor of the mouth cancer can affect your ability to speak and eat. Working with a skilled rehabilitation team can help you cope with changes that result from cancer treatment.

• #2 Treatments for early-stage oral cancer | Canadian Cancer Society

  https://cancer.ca/en/cancer-information/cancer-types/oral/treatment/early-stage

  The following are treatment options for early-stage (stage 1 or stage 2) oral cancer. Your healthcare team will suggest treatments based on your needs and work with you to develop a treatment plan. […] Early-stage oral cancers are usually treated with surgery as the main therapy. In certain situations, surgery may be followed with radiation therapy, with or without chemotherapy. […] Surgery to remove the tumour is the most common treatment used for early-stage oral cancers. […] Radiation therapy may be used after surgery. Radiation therapy may be given as external beam radiation therapy, brachytherapy or both. Sometimes chemotherapy is given along with radiation therapy (called chemoradiation). […] Radiation therapy may also be used to treat the lymph nodes in the neck for tumours that involve the oral tongue or floor of the mouth and are 4 mm or thicker.

• #2 Radiation Therapy for Oral Cavity and Oropharyngeal Cancer | American Cancer Society

  https://www.cancer.org/cancer/types/oral-cavity-and-oropharyngeal-cancer/treating/radiation-therapy.html

  With a targeted drug for larger cancers, if chemotherapy is not an option. […] To help ease symptoms of advanced cancer, such as pain, bleeding, trouble swallowing, and problems caused by cancer spread to lungs or bones. […] To treat cancer that has come back after treatment (recurrence). […] Chemoradiation (radiation given at the same time as chemotherapy) often works better than radiation alone, but it also has more side effects. […] External beam radiation therapy (EBRT) is the type of radiation therapy most often used to treat oral cavity or oropharyngeal cancer or its spread to other organs. It focuses radiation from a source outside the body onto the cancer. […] Brachytherapy is rarely used to treat oral cavity or oropharyngeal cancers as a first treatment, but it might be used if the cancer recurs (comes back).

• #2 Oral Cancer | Types | MedStar Health

  https://www.medstarhealth.org/services/mouth-cancer-oral-cancer

  More advanced cancers may receive a similar approach, or we may recommend a clinical trial, including chemotherapy, before or after surgery or chemotherapy with radiation. We also have clinical trials for targeted therapy. […] Surgery is one of the primary approaches to treating mouth cancer. Many oral tumors can be removed through the mouth but others require a more complex approach. […] Chemotherapy uses powerful medications to kill cancer cells. It may be used to treat oral cancer before or after surgery, alongside radiation, or alone, depending on the cancer’s stage, your overall health, and other factors. […] Certain patients, such as those with oral tumors that come back after previous treatment, may benefit from newer, innovative therapies. […] Radiation therapy is an advanced treatment option that may be used after surgery or in place of surgery, depending on various factors. […] Clinical trials may provide access to new, innovative therapies or therapy combinations that may offer safer or more effective treatments for patients with oral cancer.

• #2 Radiation therapy for oral cancer | Canadian Cancer Society

  https://cancer.ca/en/cancer-information/cancer-types/oral/treatment/radiation-therapy

  Radiation therapy is often used after surgery for oral cancer. It may be used as the main treatment for oral cancer in certain situations where surgery is not an option. […] Radiation therapy is sometimes combined with chemotherapy to treat oral cancer. This is called chemoradiation. The 2 treatments are given during the same time period. […] Radiation therapy is given for different reasons. You may have radiation therapy or chemoradiation to: destroy the cancer cells in the body, shrink a tumour before other treatments such as surgery or chemotherapy (called neoadjuvant therapy), destroy cancer cells that may be left behind after surgery or chemotherapy to reduce the risk that the cancer will come back (called adjuvant therapy), relieve pain or control the symptoms of advanced oral cancer (called palliative therapy). […] Brachytherapy may sometimes be used for small tumours in the mouth, including those on the tongue, lip, floor of the mouth and inner lining of the cheek (buccal mucosa). […] Brachytherapy may be used in combination with external beam radiation therapy.

• #2 Mouth cancer – Diagnosis and treatment – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/mouth-cancer/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20351002

  Surgery carries a risk of bleeding and infection. Surgery for mouth cancer may affect your appearance. It also may affect the ability to speak, eat and swallow. Physical therapy and other rehabilitation services can help you cope with these changes. […] Radiation therapy treats cancer with powerful energy beams. The energy can come from X-rays, protons or other sources. Radiation therapy for mouth cancer is most often delivered by a machine that moves around the body. The machine aims radiation to precise points. This kind of radiation therapy is called external beam radiation. […] Chemotherapy treats cancer with strong medicines. Chemotherapy is often used after surgery to kill any cancer cells that remain. Chemotherapy may increase the effectiveness of radiation therapy, so the two treatments are often combined. If the cancer spreads to other parts of the body, chemotherapy can help control it.

• #2 Treatment – Oral Cancer Foundation | Information and Resources about Oral Head and Neck Cancer

  https://oralcancerfoundation.org/cdc/treatment/

  Chemotherapy has been used in attempts to improve survival or to reduce the incidence of distant metastases, to serve as an adjunct to radiotherapy for organ preservation, and to select patients for subsequent therapy based on their response to chemotherapy. […] Chemotherapy has been applied as induction (so-called neoadjuvant therapy), concurrently with radiotherapy and as post-treatment adjuvant therapy. […] Neoadjuvant therapy has been widely studied in recent years; a number of drug regimens have been used. […] The combination of cisplatin and fluorouracil (5-FU) has achieved considerable popularity because of high rates of response with acceptable rates of toxicity. […] Immunologic response modifiers such as alpha interferon and interleukin have been used in combination with other therapies to boost the patient’s own immune response against oral carcinoma.

• #2 Mouth cancer | Macmillan Cancer Support

  https://www.macmillan.org.uk/cancer-information-and-support/head-and-neck-cancer/mouth-cancer

  Treatment for mouth cancers include surgery, radiotherapy and chemotherapy. Sometimes targeted therapies and immunotherapies might be used. […] Surgery is the main treatment for early-stage mouth cancer. It is often the only treatment needed to remove an early-stage mouth cancer. Sometimes some lymph nodes in the neck may also be removed. […] Radiotherapy uses high-energy rays to destroy the cancer cells, while doing as little harm as possible to normal cells. Radiotherapy is often used after surgery to reduce the risk of the cancer coming back. If surgery is not possible, you usually have radiotherapy instead of surgery. It can be used on its own but is often given with chemotherapy (called chemoradiation). […] Chemotherapy uses anti-cancer (cytotoxic) drugs to destroy cancer cells. The chemotherapy drugs most often used to treat mouth cancer are cisplatin and fluorouracil (5FU).

• #2 Mouth cancer – Diagnosis and treatment – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/mouth-cancer/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20351002

  Targeted therapy for cancer is a treatment that uses medicines to attack specific chemicals in the cancer cells. By blocking these chemicals, targeted therapy can cause cancer cells to die. […] For mouth cancer, immunotherapy might be used when mouth cancer comes back or spreads to other parts of the body.

• #2 logo–sylvester

  https://umiamihealth.org/en/sylvester-comprehensive-cancer-center/treatments-and-services/head-and-neck-cancers/lip-and-oral-cavity-(mouth)-cancer-

  Radiation is a primary treatment for small head and neck cancers of the oral cavity. Cancer cells remaining are removed by a surgeon. […] The high level of experience of Sylvester’s medical oncology team allows our physicians to choose and deliver the most advanced chemotherapy approaches. […] This treatment uses medicines that target specific parts of cancer cells. For example, a protein called EGFR may accelerate the growth of head and neck cancer cells. The most commonly used medicine that targets these cells is called cetuximab. It blocks EGFR, so the cancer cell growth often slows or stops.

• #2 Lip and Oral Cavity Cancer Treatment (PDQ®) – NCI

  https://www.cancer.gov/types/head-and-neck/hp/adult/lip-mouth-treatment-pdq

  Pembrolizumab is a monoclonal antibody and an inhibitor of the programmed death-1 (PD-1) pathway. Studies have evaluated pembrolizumab in patients with incurable metastatic or recurrent head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). […] Nivolumab is a fully human immunoglobulin G4 antiPD-1 monoclonal antibody.

• #2 Lip and Oral Cavity Cancer Treatment (PDQ®): Treatment – Health Professional Information [NCI] | Kaiser Permanente

  https://healthy.kaiserpermanente.org/health-wellness/health-encyclopedia/he.lip-and-oral-cavity-cancer-treatment-pdq%C2%AE-treatment-health-professional-information-nci.ncicdr0000062930

  Early cancers (stage I and stage II) of the lip and oral cavity are highly curable by surgery or radiation therapy. The choice of treatment is dictated by the anticipated functional and cosmetic results of treatment and by the availability of a surgeon or radiation oncologist with the required expertise. […] Advanced cancers (stage III and stage IV) of the lip and oral cavity represent a wide spectrum of challenges for the surgeon and radiation oncologist. Most patients with stage III or stage IV tumors are candidates for treatment by a combination of surgery and radiation therapy. […] Early cancers (stage I and stage II) of the lip, floor of the mouth, and retromolar trigone are highly curable by surgery or radiation therapy. The choice of treatment is dictated by the anticipated functional and cosmetic results.

• #2 Lip and Oral Cavity Cancer Treatment (PDQ®) – NCI

  https://www.cancer.gov/types/head-and-neck/hp/adult/lip-mouth-treatment-pdq

  Advanced cancers (stage III and stage IV) of the lip, floor of the mouth, and retromolar trigone represent a wide spectrum of challenges for the surgeon and radiation oncologists. Most patients with stage III or stage IV tumors are candidates for treatment with a combination of surgery and radiation therapy. […] Treatment options for stage I small lesions of the floor of the mouth include: Surgery for patients with T1 lesions. Radiation therapy is used to treat T1 lesions. Excision alone is generally adequate to treat lesions smaller than 0.5 cm if there is a margin of normal mucosa between the lesion and the gingiva. Surgery is often used if the lesion is attached to the periosteum. Radiation therapy is often used if the lesion encroaches on the tongue. […] Treatment options for stage II small lesions of the floor of the mouth include: Surgery is often used for patients with small T2 lesions (3 cm) if the lesion is attached to the periosteum. Radiation therapy is often used to treat patients with small T2 lesions (3 cm) if the lesion encroaches on the tongue.

• #2 Lip and Oral Cavity Cancer Treatment (PDQ®) – NCI

  https://www.cancer.gov/types/head-and-neck/hp/adult/lip-mouth-treatment-pdq

  Treatment options for stage III moderately advanced lesions of the floor of the mouth include: Surgery using rim resection plus neck dissection or partial mandibulectomy with neck dissection, as appropriate. Radiation therapy using EBRT alone or EBRT plus an interstitial implant. […] Treatment options for stage IV advanced lesions of the floor of the mouth include: A combination of surgery and radiation therapy, which is generally administered postoperatively, is often used. Preoperative radiation therapy is often used for fixed nodes (5 cm). […] Treatment options for metastatic and recurrent lip and oral cavity cancer include: Surgery is the preferred treatment if radiation therapy was used initially. Surgery, radiation therapy, or a combination of these treatments may be considered if surgery was used to treat the lesion initially.

• #2 Side Effects Of Radiotherapy For Mouth And Oropharyngeal Cancer | Cancer Research UK

  https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/about-cancer/mouth-cancer/treatment/radiotherapy/side-effects

  Radiotherapy uses high energy waves similar to x-rays to kill cancer cells. You usually have external beam radiotherapy for mouth and oropharyngeal cancer. […] Your treatment depends on where in your mouth or oropharynx your cancer is, the type, how big it is, whether it has spread anywhere else in your body and your general health. […] Mouth soreness and throat soreness with head and neck radiotherapy is very common unfortunately. If the soreness is on the outside on your skin, they might recommend particular creams that you can use to help with that. If the pain is internal, you may be referred to the doctor and the doctor will suggest some medication to help control the pain. […] Radiotherapy can cause damage to the salivary glands. There are lots of things you can do to help with that. Small sips of water can ensure that your mouth stays moist. Little spritzer sprays or nebulisers, steam treatments can also help.

• #2 Side Effects Of Radiotherapy For Mouth And Oropharyngeal Cancer | Cancer Research UK

  https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/about-cancer/mouth-cancer/treatment/radiotherapy/side-effects

  Occasionally the radiotherapy can have a real impact on how easily you can swallow and if it starts to become very problematic, they may suggest they use feeding tubes to help ensure you are getting the right nutrients. […] Radiotherapy can cause some bone weakening, so as a result of that, we would recommend you are referred to a dentist before you start a course of radiotherapy. […] Your saliva normally forms a protective film over your teeth. Having a permanently dry mouth increases the chance of tooth decay. So, you need to take special care and do regular mouth care throughout the day. […] Lymphoedema is easier to control if treated early. It’s important that you are referred to a lymphoedema specialist if you have signs of swelling. This is usually a nurse or physiotherapist. […] Unfortunately, it is not possible to cure lymphoedema. But things can be done to reduce the swelling and help you feel better. For example, positioning and lymphoedema exercises can help.

• #2 Oral Cancer: Symptoms, Diagnosis & Treatment | Atrium Health Wake Forest Baptist

  https://www.wakehealth.edu/condition/o/oral-cancer

  Receiving a cancer diagnosis is scary. Our head and neck cancer experts at Wake Forest Baptist are committed to providing the best possible surgical, medical and radiation care possible. […] Surgery to remove the tumor is usually recommended if the tumor is small enough. Surgery may be used together with radiation therapy and chemotherapy for larger tumors. […] We will work closely with you to diagnose the type of swallowing problem you have and recommend how to treat the swallowing problem, possibly referring you to our voice and swallowing program. […] Chemotherapy […] Conformal External Beam Radiation Therapy […] Image-Guided Radiotherapy […] Microvascular Head and Neck Reconstruction […] Precision Medicine […] Radiation […] Removal of Head and Neck Tumors […] Speech and/or Language Therapy

• #2 Oral Cancers: Risk Factors, Diagnosis, and Treatment

  https://www.healthline.com/health/oral-cancer

  Nutrition is also an important part of your oral cancer treatment. Many treatments make it difficult or painful to eat and swallow, and poor appetite and weight loss are common. Make sure you discuss your diet with your doctor. […] Keeping your mouth healthy during cancer treatments is a crucial part of treatment. Make sure to keep your mouth moist and your teeth and gums clean. […] People who are diagnosed with advanced oral cancer will likely need reconstructive surgery and some rehabilitation to assist with eating and speaking during recovery. […] Reconstruction can involve dental implants or grafts to repair the missing bones and tissues in the mouth or face. Artificial palates are used to replace any missing tissue or teeth. […] Rehabilitation is also necessary for cases of advanced cancer. Speech therapy can be provided from the time you get out of surgery until you reach the maximum level of improvement.

• #2 Treatment for mouth cancer – NHS

  https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/mouth-cancer/treatment/

  The treatment you’ll have for mouth cancer depends on: […] You may be offered a combination of treatments including surgery, chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and targeted medicines and immunotherapy. […] Surgery is usually needed to remove mouth cancer. […] Sometimes an area around the cancer may also need to be removed to stop the cancer coming back. […] If a large part of your jaw or tongue is removed, you may need surgery to rebuild the area using skin or bone from another part of your body (reconstructive surgery). […] Radiotherapy is often used to treat mouth cancer. It may be the only treatment you need if your cancer is found early. […] Chemotherapy is medicine that kills cancer cells. It is sometimes given with radiotherapy for mouth cancer. […] Targeted medicines or immunotherapy are sometimes used to treat mouth cancer that:

• #2 Oral Cancer | Conditions | UCSF Health

  https://www.ucsfhealth.org/conditions/oral-cancer

  Oral cancer includes cancer of the lips, tongue, cheeks, floor of mouth, hard palate, gums and minor salivary glands. […] UCSF offers cutting-edge diagnostic and treatment options for all types of oral cancer, delivered in a comfortable and supportive environment. Our goal is to treat the cancer while preserving speech and swallowing functions as much as possible. […] The extent of treatment for oral cancer depends on a number of factors. Among them are the location, size, type and extent of the tumor and stage of the disease. Your doctor also considers your age and general health. Treatment may involve surgery, radiation therapy or a combination. You also may receive chemotherapy, or treatment with anticancer drugs. […] Surgery to remove the tumor in the mouth is the usual treatment for patients with oral cancer. […] Radiation therapy, also called radiotherapy, is the use of high-energy rays to damage cancer cells and stop them from growing. […] Chemotherapy is the use of drugs to kill cancer cells. Researchers are looking for effective drugs or drug combinations to treat oral cancer.

• #2 Analysis of treatment results for floor-of-mouth cancer – PubMed

  https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11037841/

  Conclusions: Significantly improved 5-year DSS was seen in the patients with clear margins, early clinical tumor stage, and negative nodes. Significantly decreased 5-year survival was seen in the patients with involved margins, advanced clinical tumor stage, positive nodes, and tumor recurrence. Patients with no clinically positive nodes (cNO) can be observed safely for regional nodal disease and subsequent positive nodes can be treated as they occur with no adverse affect on survival. Because of high recurrence rates at the primary site and neck, and an increased rate of both distant metastasis and the development of second primary cancers, patients should be monitored closely for a minimum of at least 5 years.

• #3 Floor of the mouth cancer: Symptoms, treatment and prognosis | CURAPROX

  https://curaprox.co.nz/blog/post/interesting-facts-about-floor-of-the-mouth-cancer?srsltid=AfmBOooH2wiL2J1Mln11X2u1rGm6zsAMs0AXL3vF7Z8SNc_z2KYf6bTc

  Treatment of floor of the mouth cancer may vary significantly depending on its location, size, form of progression and stage. […] The most common forms of treatment for squamous cell carcinomas of the floor of the mouth are presented below: Surgery, Radiotherapy, Chemotherapy. […] Various therapies can be used either alone or in combination, depending on individual needs. […] If the tumour needs to be removed surgically, chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy treatment may be prescribed either before or after surgery. […] During surgery for floor of the mouth cancer, the surgeon excises not only the tumour but also clinically healthy surrounding tissue with a margin of at least one centimetre to prevent invisible tumour cells from remaining in the floor of the mouth and forming a new tumour.

• #3 Floor of Mouth Cancer: Symptoms, Risk Factors, Diagnosis, Treatment

  https://www.healthline.com/health/floor-of-mouth-cancer

  Treatment options include surgery, radiation, and chemotherapy. […] Surgery is typically the first step, and its sometimes the only treatment needed for early stage cancer. A surgeon might need to remove tissue around the tumor or even parts of the jaw to ensure that the entire tumor is removed. […] Chemotherapy can help kill remaining cancer cells and prevent them from spreading. […] This cancer is most treatable and has a better outlook when diagnosed in its early stages. If you receive a diagnosis of floor of the mouth cancer, you may need surgery and chemotherapy.

• #3 Mouth Cancer Surgery | Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center

  https://www.mskcc.org/cancer-care/types/mouth/mouth-cancer-treatment/mouth-cancer-surgery

  Surgery is the main treatment for most people with mouth cancer. Usually these tumors can be removed through the opening of the oral cavity, but some may require a more extensive approach. Which surgery is right for you depends on such factors as the size, stage, and location of your tumor. […] MSKs head and neck surgeons place a strong emphasis on removing the cancer completely while preserving your quality of life. Achieving this delicate balance is our goal. It allows us to provide you with the best option for control of the disease while being highly attentive to your ability to speak, eat, and swallow. […] Mouth cancers often spread to the lymph nodes in the neck first. Removing the lymph nodes in the neck (and other nearby tissue) may be done at the same time as the surgery to remove the mouth cancer. The goal of this procedure is to remove lymph nodes shown to contain, or that are likely to contain, cancer and to reduce the chance that the cancer may return in the future. Lymph node removal is most commonly recommended for cancers that begin in the tongue, the floor of the mouth, or the lower gums.

• #3

  https://content.irisoncology.com/library/floor-of-the-mouth-cancer

  Floor of the mouth cancer treatments include surgery, radiation therapy and chemotherapy. […] Treatment for floor of the mouth cancer often begins with surgery. Surgery might be followed by radiation, chemotherapy or both. […] Surgery is the most common treatment for floor of the mouth cancer. […] Other forms of treatment may include: […] Radiation therapy uses powerful energy beams to kill cancer cells. […] Chemotherapy uses strong medicines to kill cancer cells. […] Targeted therapy uses medicines that attack specific chemicals in the cancer cells. […] Immunotherapy is a treatment with medicine that helps your body’s immune system kill cancer cells. […] Photodynamic therapy uses a medicine that makes cancer cells sensitive to light. […] Treatment for advanced floor of the mouth cancer can affect your ability to speak and eat. Working with a skilled rehabilitation team can help you cope with changes that result from cancer treatment.

• #3 Mouth Cancer Treatment Without Surgery: What’re the Options?

  https://www.medicoexperts.com/mouth-cancer-treatment-without-surgery/

  In immunotherapy, checkpoint inhibitors, which are a type of medication, are used to treat mouth cancer that cannot be operated on or is in its advanced stage. […] Targeted cancer drugs focus on specific features in cancer cells that boost their growth and survival. […] Your doctor may recommend photodynamic therapy (PDT) if you have mouth lesions (damage through injury or disease) that are at risk of developing cancer or if the cancer is discovered very early and is only present on the surface of your mouth. […] Some advanced non-surgical treatments for mouth cancer help you treat the disease effectively. […] It is always better to consult an oncologist regarding non-surgical treatment options. […] If your cancer is diagnosed at an early stage, radiotherapy can cure it. But in advanced stages, non-surgical treatment may not work effectively and you will need surgery to remove the cancer.

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