Rak podjęzykowy
Charakterystyka, pielęgnacja i opieka

Rak podjęzykowy to złośliwy nowotwór jamy ustnej rozwijający się w tkance pod językiem, pomiędzy żuchwą a kością gnykową. Charakteryzuje się inwazyjnym wzrostem komórek niszczących zdrowe tkanki, a jego wczesne objawy to niegojące się rany, zmiany barwnikowe błony śluzowej, ból oraz wyczuwalny guzek na szyi. Leczenie standardowe obejmuje chirurgię, często uzupełnianą radioterapią i/lub chemioterapią, a plan terapii zależy od lokalizacji, tempa wzrostu, stopnia zaawansowania oraz stanu ogólnego pacjenta. Pięcioletni wskaźnik przeżycia wynosi około 70% w przypadku braku zajęcia węzłów chłonnych, natomiast dla raka miejscowego 73%, regionalnego 41%, a z przerzutami odległymi 23%. Wczesna diagnoza i interdyscyplinarne podejście terapeutyczne, obejmujące otolaryngologów, chirurgów, onkologów oraz specjalistów rehabilitacji, są kluczowe dla poprawy rokowania i jakości życia pacjenta.

Wprowadzenie do raka podjęzykowego

Rak podjęzykowy (ang. floor of the mouth cancer) to złośliwy nowotwór, który rozwija się w tkance jamy ustnej zlokalizowanej pod językiem, w obszarze pomiędzy żuchwą a kością gnykową. Jest to jedna z form nowotworów jamy ustnej, która charakteryzuje się wzrostem nieprawidłowych, inwazyjnych komórek niszczących zdrowe tkanki.123

Nowotwór ten często bywa mylony z aftami lub wrzodami jamy ustnej, które nie goją się przez dłuższy czas. Najczęstszym objawem raka podjęzykowego jest właśnie rana w jamie ustnej, która się powiększa. Inne objawy mogą obejmować białe, czerwone lub ciemne plamy w jamie ustnej, ból, a także wyczuwalny guzek na szyi.12

Rak podjęzykowy jest dobrze uleczalny, gdy zostanie wcześnie zdiagnozowany. Standardowe leczenie obejmuje zabieg chirurgiczny, po którym może nastąpić radioterapia, chemioterapia lub obie te metody. Dokładny plan leczenia zależy od wielu czynników, w tym lokalizacji nowotworu, tempa jego wzrostu, stopnia zaawansowania oraz ogólnego stanu zdrowia pacjenta.12

Opieka pielęgniarska u pacjentów z rakiem podjęzykowym

Ocena stanu pacjenta przed leczeniem

Skuteczna opieka pielęgniarska w przypadku raka podjęzykowego rozpoczyna się od dokładnej oceny stanu pacjenta. Pielęgniarka powinna przeprowadzić szczegółowy wywiad zdrowotny oraz badanie fizykalne, koncentrując się na ocenie warg, błony śluzowej policzków, języka, dna jamy ustnej, podniebienia twardego i miękkiego oraz gardła.12

Ważnym elementem opieki jest wczesne włączenie multidyscyplinarnego zespołu specjalistów, w tym logopedy, dietetyka oraz innych specjalistów rehabilitacji. Wczesna ocena pozwala logopedzie zidentyfikować potencjalne problemy z mową i połykaniem, które mogą pojawić się podczas lub po leczeniu, oraz zapewnić sposoby zapobiegania tym problemom lub ich złagodzenia.12

Opieka około- i pooperacyjna

Pooperacyjna opieka pielęgniarska zależy od rodzaju i zakresu przeprowadzonej procedury chirurgicznej. Podstawowymi celami opieki są: zapewnienie drożności dróg oddechowych, zapobieganie krwawieniu i zakażeniom, zapewnienie optymalnego odżywiania oraz promowanie komfortu pacjenta. Jest to szczególnie istotne u pacjentów poddanych operacjom usunięcia guza, procedurze Mohsa, glossektomii, mandibulektomii, mandibulotomii, laryngektomii i wycięciu węzłów chłonnych.1

Większość pacjentów po wycięciu węzłów chłonnych jest hospitalizowana przez co najmniej kilka dni. Czasowo może być konieczne zastosowanie tracheostomii i przezskórnej endoskopowej gastrostomii w celu zapewnienia optymalnej wymiany gazowej i odżywiania w trakcie gojenia się ran operacyjnych.12

Głowa łóżka pacjenta powinna być uniesiona o co najmniej 30 stopni, aby ułatwić oddychanie i zapobiec aspiracji. Pacjenci mogą mieć liczne nacięcia oraz różnego rodzaju opatrunki z pianki absorpcyjnej i rurki próżniowe w okolicy głowy i szyi. Należy monitorować drenaż ran i opatrunki pod kątem nadmiernego krwawienia.1

Pacjent powinien unikać manewru Valsalvy, aby zapobiec napięciu tętnicy szyjnej i dobrze unaczynionego przeszczepu, co mogłoby prowadzić do krwotoku. Po wycięciu węzłów chłonnych może wystąpić drętwienie szyi, barku i ucha z powodu uszkodzenia nerwu dodatkowego i nerwów twarzowych. Dysfunkcja barku zazwyczaj wymaga intensywnej fizjoterapii.1

Monitorowanie powikłań pooperacyjnych

Pielęgniarka powinna oceniać pacjenta pod kątem wycieku chłonki, która jest produktem ubocznym trawienia i wchłaniania tłuszczu i pojawia się jako mlecznobiała substancja w systemach drenażu i opatrunkach. Wyciek chłonki powstaje w wyniku uszkodzenia przewodu piersiowego podczas operacji i może prowadzić do odwodnienia, zaburzeń elektrolitowych, niedoboru białka, utraty tkanki, złego gojenia się ran i niedoboru odporności.1

W przypadku wystąpienia wycieku chłonki wdrażana jest dieta o bardzo niskiej zawartości tłuszczu. Inne interwencje obejmują podniesienie wezgłowia łóżka, stosowanie środków zmiękczających stolec, aby zapobiec napinaniu się, opatrunki uciskowe oraz uzupełnianie płynów i elektrolitów.1

Współpraca multidyscyplinarna

W procesie rekonwalescencji i planowania wypisu pacjenta ważna jest współpraca specjalistów z zakresu logopedii, żywienia, fizjoterapii i terapii oddechowej z pielęgniarką i lekarzem. Edukacja pacjenta przed wypisem powinna obejmować informacje dotyczące zgłaszania krwawienia z ran, zaczerwienienia lub obrzęku ran, trudności w oddychaniu, nowego kaszlu oraz trudności w jedzeniu lub piciu.12

Pacjenci powinni angażować się w aktywności zgodnie z tolerancją, aby zapobiec zapaleniu płuc i zakrzepicy. Mobilność, wystarczająca ilość płynów i błonnik w diecie są niezbędne, aby uniknąć zaparć, co mogłoby powodować napinanie się i napięcie w miejscach operowanych.1

Opieka w trakcie i po różnych metodach leczenia

Opieka podczas chemioterapii

Powikłania chemioterapii obejmują zapalenie i owrzodzenia błon śluzowych, neuropatię, infekcje i suchość skóry. Picie dużej ilości wody, stosowanie substytutów śliny, ssanie kostek lodu, płukanie jamy ustnej roztworem sody oczyszczonej i soli oraz używanie twardych cukierków lub gumy bez cukru łagodzi dolegliwości błon śluzowych.12

Pacjent powinien zgłaszać drętwienie, mrowienie, siniaki i gorączkę. Mogą być przepisane leki na ból neuropatyczny i infekcje. Pacjenci powinni utrzymywać dobrą higienę ciała i unikać grup ludzi, aby zapobiec infekcjom.1

Opieka podczas immunoterapii i terapii celowanej

Powikłania immunoterapii i terapii celowanych obejmują patologie sercowo-płucne, endokrynologiczne i skórne. Pacjenci powinni zgłaszać ból w klatce piersiowej, duszność, zwiększone zmęczenie, zmiany nastroju oraz pojawienie się nowych zmian skórnych, wysypek lub pęcherzy.12

Opieka podczas radioterapii

Pacjenci poddawani radioterapii powinni zgłaszać wysypkę podobną do oparzenia słonecznego w obszarze leczonym, zaczerwienienie, ból i bolesność w jamie ustnej lub gardle, chrypkę, trudności w połykaniu oraz silne zmęczenie.1

U pacjentów poddawanych chemioterapii, immunoterapii, terapii celowanej i radioterapii niezwykle ważna jest skrupulatna pielęgnacja skóry. Pielęgniarki muszą również edukować pacjenta na temat wpływu spożywania tytoniu i alkoholu, praktyk seksualnych oraz odżywiania na rozwój i zapobieganie rakowi jamy ustnej i gardła. Czynniki te wpływają na to, jak pacjent reaguje na leczenie.1

Edukacja pacjenta i profilaktyka

Dieta i odżywianie

Zrównoważona dieta pomaga zapobiegać rakowi jamy ustnej i gardła oraz jest niezbędna podczas leczenia nowotworów. Powinna składać się z węglowodanów, białek, tłuszczów oraz dużej ilości owoców i warzyw.12

W przypadku pacjentów z rakiem jamy ustnej normalnym zjawiskiem jest utrata apetytu, nudności, wymioty, biegunka, zaparcia, suchość jamy ustnej, pęcherze w jamie ustnej lub inne problemy z układem pokarmowym w trakcie walki z nowotworem. Ważne jest, aby przeciwdziałać drastycznej utracie wagi, ponieważ może to negatywnie wpłynąć na skuteczność leczenia onkologicznego i zdolność organizmu do walki z rakiem.1

Spożywanie odpowiednich pokarmów we właściwy sposób może pomóc pacjentowi lepiej się czuć, lepiej wyglądać i funkcjonować fizycznie i psychicznie w codziennym życiu.1

Higiena jamy ustnej

Codzienna higiena jamy ustnej jest działaniem zarówno profilaktycznym, jak i niezbędnym podczas leczenia. Pacjenci powinni szczotkować zęby miękką szczoteczką i delikatnie nitkować dwukrotnie dziennie, aby zapobiec infekcjom i próchnicy zębów.12

Należy uczyć pacjentów, aby unikali dużych grup ludzi, nosili maseczki i dbali o optymalną higienę rąk w celu zmniejszenia ryzyka infekcji.1

Samobadanie i regularne kontrole

Rak podjęzykowy można wcześnie wykryć poprzez comiesięczne samobadanie. Należy delikatnie odchylić język do tyłu, aby zobaczyć dno jamy ustnej. Następnie delikatnie naciskać palcem wzdłuż dna jamy ustnej i spodniej strony języka, aby wyczuć wszelkie guzki, obrzęki lub owrzodzenia.12

Fundacja Raka Jamy Ustnej zaleca, aby każda osoba po ukończeniu 16 roku życia miała raz w roku profesjonalne badanie pod kątem wczesnych objawów raka jamy ustnej, przeprowadzane przez dentystę.1

Regularne kontrole stomatologiczne są ważne i wysoce zalecane. Dentysta może natychmiast rozpoznać wszelkie nieprawidłowości, zapewniając tym samym, że rak podjęzykowy zostanie wykryty i leczony jak najwcześniej.12

Postępowanie w zaawansowanym raku podjęzykowym

Rehabilitacja mowy i funkcji połykania

Leczenie zaawansowanego raka podjęzykowego może wpłynąć na zdolność mówienia i jedzenia. Współpraca z wykwalifikowanym zespołem rehabilitacyjnym może pomóc pacjentowi poradzić sobie ze zmianami wynikającymi z leczenia nowotworowego.12

Pacjenci mogą mieć trudności z mówieniem i połykaniem pokarmów i płynów, co wymaga terapii logopedycznej, w tym badań połykania. Logopedzi, dietetycy i inni członkowie zespołu rehabilitacyjnego powinni być zaangażowani od samego początku, co może pomóc zmniejszyć skutki uboczne leczenia.12

Wczesna ocena pozwala logopedom zidentyfikować potencjalne problemy z mową i połykaniem, które mogą rozwinąć się podczas lub po leczeniu, oraz zapewnić sposoby zapobiegania tym problemom lub ich złagodzenia, koncentrując się na funkcjonalności i jakości życia.1

Wsparcie emocjonalne i psychologiczne

Życie z rakiem jamy ustnej stanowi wyjątkowe wyzwania, ale przy odpowiednim planie opieki i wsparciu pacjenci mogą zarządzać swoim stanem i poprawić jakość życia. Ważne jest zapewnienie wsparcia emocjonalnego i zachęty w trakcie całego procesu leczenia.12

Pielęgniarki onkologiczne mogą pełnić funkcję osobistych przewodników i rzeczników, towarzysząc pacjentom i ich rodzinom podczas walki z nowotworem. Mogą zapewnić edukację i informacje na temat diagnozy, opcji leczenia i planu opieki, pomoc w terminowych wizytach, kwestiach ubezpieczeniowych i dostępie do zasobów, a także wsparcie emocjonalne i zachętę.1

Jakość życia i opieka paliatywna

Problemy społeczne związane z powikłaniami w obrębie jamy ustnej mogą być najtrudniejszymi problemami, z jakimi muszą się zmierzyć pacjenci z chorobą nowotworową. Zapobieganie i kontrola powikłań w jamie ustnej może pomóc pacjentowi w kontynuowaniu leczenia przeciwnowotworowego i poprawa jakości życia.1

Kontrola bólu pomaga poprawić jakość życia pacjenta. Ważne jest również, aby zapobiegać zakażeniom jamy ustnej, które mogą rozprzestrzeniać się do krwiobiegu przez uszkodzoną śluzówkę jamy ustnej.1

Wyniki leczenia i rokowania

Istnieje duża szansa na wyleczenie z raka podjęzykowego. Rokowanie zależy jednak w znacznym stopniu od tego, jak zaawansowany jest nowotwór w momencie diagnozy. Jeśli węzły chłonne nie zostały jeszcze zajęte, średni pięcioletni wskaźnik przeżycia wynosi około 70 procent.1

Według American Cancer Society, pięcioletnie względne wskaźniki przeżycia dla raka podjęzykowego wynoszą:1

  • Rak miejscowy: 73 procent
  • Rak regionalny (rozprzestrzeniający się do pobliskich struktur): 41 procent
  • Rak odległy (z przerzutami do odległych narządów): 23 procent
  • Wszystkie stadia łącznie: 52 procent

Większość pacjentów z rakiem jamy ustnej w stadium I lub II dobrze reaguje na leczenie chirurgiczne i/lub radioterapię. Chemioterapia podawana wraz z radioterapią (tzw. chemioradioterapia) jest kolejną opcją. Zarówno chirurgia, jak i radioterapia działają równie dobrze w leczeniu tych nowotworów.1

W przypadku zaawansowanych raków podjęzykowych, które obejmują większe nowotwory, te, które wrosły w pobliskie tkanki, i/lub te, które rozprzestrzeniły się do pobliskich węzłów chłonnych szyi, najpierw zwykle wykonuje się operację obejmującą usunięcie niektórych węzłów chłonnych szyi (wycięcie węzłów chłonnych). Po operacji zwykle następuje sama radioterapia lub chemioradioterapia.1

Znaczenie multidyscyplinarnego podejścia w opiece

Pacjenci z rakiem podjęzykowym potrzebują opieki zaplanowanej przez zespół lekarzy i specjalistów. Zespół opieki onkologicznej obejmuje specjalistów z każdej dziedziny onkologii, w tym otolaryngologów (lekarzy ucha, nosa i gardła), chirurgów, onkologów radioterapeutów, onkologów medycznych i pielęgniarki specjalizujące się w opiece onkologicznej.12

Interdyscyplinarny zespół onkologiczny współpracuje z pacjentem, aby opracować spersonalizowany plan leczenia raka jamy ustnej w sposób odpowiadający indywidualnym potrzebom i celom pacjenta.1

Zespół powinien również obejmować specjalistów, którzy mogą pomóc poprawić jakość życia pacjenta podczas i po leczeniu. Należą do nich logopedzi, którzy mogą pomóc zmaksymalizować zdolność mówienia, żucia i połykania. Ważni są także dentyści, którzy specjalizują się w opiece nad pacjentami z chorobą nowotworową. Oceniają oni pacjentów z rakiem jamy ustnej i przeprowadzają wszelkie procedury przedlecznicze niezbędne dla ich długoterminowego zdrowia jamy ustnej. Opieka stomatologiczna po leczeniu raka jamy ustnej może być szczególnie wymagająca, dlatego te zabiegi są niezbędne dla jakości życia pacjenta.1

Zespół dentystyczny może również wykonywać niestandardowe protezy dla pacjentów, którym usunięto części szczęki lub innych kości w ramach leczenia onkologicznego.1

Kolejne rozdziały

Zapraszamy do dalszego czytania naszego leksykonu.

Wybierz kolejny rozdział z menu poniżej, aby otworzyć nową podstronę kompedium wiedzy i uzyskać szczegółowe informację o leku, substancji lub chorobie.

  1. 09.04.2026
  2. www.leksykon.com.pl

Materiały źródłowe

  • #1
    https://www.portea.com/nursing/mouth-cancer/
    One of the most common forms of cancer is mouth cancer. The mouth cancer definition states that it is a particular growth or a sore in the mouth that just refuses to go away. […] This particular type of cancer can be fatal to the patients if they dont opt for mouth cancer care at the nearest hospital. […] There are credible companies like Portea that also provide options of mouth cancer treatment at home. It is perfect for those who want to have the convenience of mouth cancer care at home. The doctors and nurses for mouth cancer treatment are provided by the centers to provide mouth cancer care. […] Depending on the mouth cancer stages, the Portea doctors devise a plan for the mouth cancer treatment at home. Mouth cancer screening tests can be done for the determination of the stage and the types. It is critical for the people to go for quick and proper mouth cancer care at home or hospital so that the condition doesnt worsen.
  • #1 Floor of Mouth Cancer | Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center
    https://www.mskcc.org/cancer-care/types/mouth/types-mouth/floor-mouth
    Floor of mouth cancer is a type of head and neck cancer that begins when the cells that make up the floor of the mouth (the horseshoe-shaped area under the tongue) grow out of control and form lesions or tumors. These cancers are often mistaken for canker sores. […] Using tobacco products, particularly chewing tobacco, and regularly drinking too much alcohol can increase your chances of developing cancer in the floor of your mouth. Dentists are typically the first to notice signs of floor of mouth cancer, often during a routine exam. […] The most common symptom of floor of mouth cancer is a sore in your mouth that keeps growing larger. Other signs of cancer in the floor of the mouth include: white, red, or dark patches in the mouth, mouth pain, a lump in your neck. […] Floor of mouth cancer is highly curable when diagnosed early. Treatment often involves surgery performed by a head and neck cancer surgeon.
  • #1
    https://www.nursingcenter.com/cearticle?an=00152193-202309000-00008&Journal_ID=54016&Issue_ID=6758416
    Nursing interventions […] The nurse should conduct a health history interview and head-to-toe physical assessment focusing on inspecting the lips, buccal mucosa, tongue, floor of the mouth, hard and soft palate, and pharynx. […] Postoperative care depends on the type and extent of a surgical procedure. […] Managing the airway, preventing hemorrhage, preventing infection, ensuring optimal nutrition, and promoting comfort are common priority goals in patients undergoing excision of a tumor, Mohs procedure, glossectomy, mandibulectomy, mandibulotomy, laryngectomy, and LND. […] For example, most patients after LND will be hospitalized for at least a few days. […] Tracheostomy and percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy tube, usually temporary, may be necessary to ensure optimal gas exchange and nutrition while the surgical sites heal.
  • #1 Mouth Cancer – UChicago Medicine
    https://www.uchicagomedicine.org/cancer/types-treatments/head-neck-cancers/mouth-cancer
    At UChicago Medicine, our speech pathologists, nutritionists and other rehabilitation team members get involved in your care from the very beginning. This can help reduce treatment side effects. […] Early evaluation allows the speech pathologists to identify any potential speech and swallowing problems that you may develop during or after treatment, and provide ways to prevent or lessen these issues with the focus on function and quality of life. […] If you smoke, it is important that you stop smoking during and after treatment for mouth cancer. UChicago Medicines No Smoker Left Behind program can provide you with the support you need to stop the habit.
  • #1
    https://www.nursingcenter.com/cearticle?an=00152193-202309000-00008&Journal_ID=54016&Issue_ID=6758416
    The head of the patient’s bed should be elevated 30 degrees or higher to promote oxygenation and prevent aspiration. […] Patients may have multiple incisions and a variety of absorbent foam mould dressings and vacuum suction tubes in the head and neck region. […] Wound drainage and dressings should be monitored for excessive bleeding. […] The patient should avoid the Valsalva maneuver to prevent tension on the carotid artery and a well-vascularized graft to avoid hemorrhage. […] Numbness in the neck, shoulder, and ear may occur following LND from damage to the spinal accessory and facial nerves. […] Shoulder dysfunction usually requires extensive physical therapy. […] Patients may have difficulty speaking and swallowing food and liquids requiring speech therapy, including swallowing studies.
  • #1
    https://www.nursingcenter.com/cearticle?an=00152193-202309000-00008&Journal_ID=54016&Issue_ID=6758416
    The patient should be assessed for a chyle leak. […] Chyle is a by-product of digestion and absorption of fat and appears as a milky-white substance in drainage systems and dressings. […] It occurs from injury to the thoracic duct during surgery and can lead to dehydration, electrolyte imbalances, protein deficiency, tissue loss, poor wound healing, and immunodeficiency. […] A very low-fat diet is implemented. […] Other interventions include elevating the head of the bed, stool softeners to prevent straining, pressure dressings, and fluid and electrolyte replacement. […] Speech, nutritional, physical, and respiratory therapy collaborate with the nurse and physician in the patient’s recovery and discharge planning. […] Postoperative discharge teaching includes reporting bleeding from the wounds, redness or swelling of wounds, difficulty breathing, a new cough, and difficulty eating or drinking.
  • #1
    https://www.nursingcenter.com/cearticle?an=00152193-202309000-00008&Journal_ID=54016&Issue_ID=6758416
    Patients should engage in activities as tolerated to prevent pneumonia and thrombosis. […] Mobility, sufficient fluids, and dietary fiber are necessary to avoid constipation, causing stool strain and tension on the surgical sites. […] Complications of chemotherapy include inflammation and ulcers in mucous membranes, neuropathy, infection, and dry skin. […] Drinking plenty of water, using a saliva substitute, sucking on ice chips, mouth rinses with baking soda and salt, and using hard candy or sugarless gum is soothing to the mucous membranes. […] The patient should report numbness, tingling, bruising, and fever. […] Medications for neuropathic pain and infection may be prescribed. […] Patients should maintain good body hygiene and avoid groups of people to prevent infection. […] Complications of immunotherapy and targeted therapies include cardiopulmonary, endocrine, and cutaneous pathologies.
  • #1
    https://www.nursingcenter.com/cearticle?an=00152193-202309000-00008&Journal_ID=54016&Issue_ID=6758416
    Patients should report chest pain, dyspnea, increased fatigue, mood changes, and the onset of new lesions, rashes, or blisters. […] Patients receiving radiation therapy should report a sunburn-like rash in the treated area; redness, pain, and soreness in the mouth or throat; hoarseness; trouble swallowing; and severe fatigue. […] Meticulous skin care is crucial in patients receiving chemotherapy, immunotherapy, targeted therapy, and radiation therapy. […] Nurses must teach the patient about the impact of tobacco and alcohol consumption, sexual practices, and nutrition in developing and preventing oral and oropharyngeal cancer. […] These risk factors influence how the patient responds to treatment. […] A well-balanced diet helps prevent oral and oropharyngeal cancer and is necessary during cancer treatment consisting of carbohydrates, protein, fat, and plenty of fruits and vegetables.
  • #1 What to Eat During and After Oral Cancer Treatment | Sarah Cannon
    https://sarahcannon.com/blog/entry/what-to-eat-during-and-after-oral-cancer-treatment
    What to eat and what not to eat before, during, and after treatment can be confusing for any person going through a cancer journey. It is important to talk to your doctor or nurse navigator about the types of foods you should avoid and/or add into your diet, especially if you are fighting or recovering from oral cancer treatment. The right nutrients in your food can assist your body in rebuilding damaged (cancer) cells, and help you fight cancer. […] For oral cancer patients, it is normal to develop loss of appetite, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, constipation, dry mouth, blistered mouth, or other oral or digestive issues during the cancer journey. It is important to fight any drastic weight loss, as it can negatively affect the effectiveness of the cancer treatment and your body’s ability to fight cancer. […] By eating the correct foods the right way, it can help you feel, look, and operate better physically and mentally throughout your day-to-day life.
  • #1
    https://www.nursingcenter.com/cearticle?an=00152193-202309000-00008&Journal_ID=54016&Issue_ID=6758416
    Daily oral hygiene is preventive and necessary during treatment. […] Patients should brush their teeth with a soft bristle toothbrush and gently floss twice daily to prevent infection and dental decay. […] Teach patients to avoid large groups of people, wear masks, and perform optimal hand hygiene.
  • #1 Mouth Cancer Self – Check Guide – Mouth Cancer Foundation
    https://www.mouthcancerfoundation.org/self-examination/
    Lift your tongue up and look underneath then look at the floor of your mouth for any colour changes that are unusual. Gently press your finger along the floor of your mouth and underside your tongue to feel for any lumps, swellings or ulcers. […] The Mouth Cancer Foundation recommends that everyone over the age of 16 has a professional examination for early signs of mouth cancer, once a year, at their dentist.
  • #1 Floor of the mouth cancer: Symptoms, treatment and prognosis | CURAPROX
    https://curaprox.us/blog/post/interesting-facts-about-floor-of-the-mouth-cancer?srsltid=AfmBOoo136GVU6ez0xM8tsZmwLkRk1g-erxoB-ZpVt6Vv-RCeTjge0xs
    There is a good chance of recovery from floor of the mouth cancer. However, the prognosis depends significantly on how advanced the cancer is at the time of diagnosis: If the lymph nodes have not yet been affected, the average five-year survival rate is around 70 percent. […] Routine dental check-ups are important and highly recommended: On the one hand, your dentist can immediately recognise any abnormalities, thereby ensuring that floor of the mouth cancer is detected and treated as early as possible. […] If the jaw and tongue had to be completely or partially removed during surgery, it represents a deleterious effect on the patients quality of life.
  • #1 Floor of the mouth cancer – Diagnosis and treatment – Mayo Clinic
    https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/floor-mouth-cancer/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20446340
    Sometimes it’s possible to remove only a few lymph nodes for testing. This is called a sentinel node biopsy. It involves removing the lymph nodes to which cancer is most likely to spread. The lymph nodes are tested for cancer. If there’s no cancer detected, it’s likely that the cancer hasn’t spread. Sentinel node biopsy isn’t an option for everyone with floor of the mouth cancer. It’s only used in certain situations. […] Reconstructive surgery may be used for people who had parts of the face, jaw or neck taken out during surgery. Healthy bone or tissue may be taken from other parts of the body and used to fill gaps. This tissue can replace part of the lip, tongue, palate or jaw, face, throat, or skin. Reconstructive surgery is often done at the same time as surgery to remove the cancer. […] Treatment for advanced floor of the mouth cancer can affect your ability to speak and eat. Working with a skilled rehabilitation team can help you cope with changes that result from cancer treatment.
  • #1 Oral Cancer: Symptoms, Causes, And Treatment | Oral Cancer Institute
    https://oralcancer.com/oral-cancer/
    Oral cancer refers to cancerous growths that develop in the mouth or throat, affecting areas such as the lips, tongue, cheeks, gums, the floor of the mouth, and the hard and soft palate. […] Areas included in a routine oral cancer exam: […] Both the floor and roof of your mouth […] Treatment plans are customized based on the stage, location, and type of oral cancer. […] Surgery is considered first line treatment for oral cavity cancers […] Rebuilding affected areas for functional and aesthetic recovery, including speech and swallowing therapy. […] Living with oral cancer presents unique challenges, but with the right care plan and support, patients can manage their condition and enhance their quality of life. […] Rehabilitation Services: Speech and swallowing therapy can help restore oral functions affected by surgery or treatment. […] Oral Hygiene: Rigorous and frequent dental visits and oral hygiene is especially important in patients that have undergone radiation therapy.
  • #1 Oral Cancer | Franciscan Health
    https://www.franciscanhealth.org/conditions-and-services/cancer-care/oral-cancer
    Our oncologists and oncology nurse navigators can walk you through treatment options for oral cancer based on your specific diagnosis. […] A common treatment for oral cancer is surgery, which will remove the cancerous tissue in the mouth and, if necessary, lymph nodes in the neck. In some cases, when larger tumors are present, parts of the jaw or tongue may be removed. […] Oral cancer, or mouth cancer, is the growth of abnormal, invasive cells that damage healthy cells on the lips, tongue, inside of the cheeks, gums, or the roof of the mouth and floor of the mouth. […] Franciscan Health Oncology Nurse Navigators serve a special and important role. As registered nurses specially trained in cancer care, they serve as personal guides and advocates, walking alongside our patients and their families during their cancer journey by providing: […] Education and information about your diagnosis, treatment options and care plan. […] Assistance with timely appointments, insurance issues and access to resources. […] Emotional support and encouragement.
  • #1 Oral Complications of Cancer Therapies – NCIFacebookFollow on XInstagramYoutubeLinkedin
    https://www.cancer.gov/about-cancer/treatment/side-effects/mouth-throat/oral-complications-pdq
    Oral complications are common in cancer patients, especially those with head and neck cancer. […] Preventing and controlling oral complications can help you continue cancer treatment and have a better quality of life. […] Patients receiving treatments that affect the head and neck should have their care planned by a team of doctors and specialists. […] The most common oral complications from cancer treatment include the following: Oral mucositis (inflamed mucous membranes in the mouth). […] Oral complications caused by chemotherapy include the following: Inflammation and ulcers of the mucous membranes in the stomach or intestines. […] Oral complications caused by radiation therapy to the head and neck include the following: Fibrosis (growth of fibrous tissue) in the mucous membrane in the mouth.
  • #1 Oral Complications of Cancer Therapies – NCIFacebookFollow on XInstagramYoutubeLinkedin
    https://www.cancer.gov/about-cancer/treatment/side-effects/mouth-throat/oral-complications-pdq
    The following are ways to treat mucositis during chemotherapy, stem cell transplant, or radiation therapy: Cleaning the mouth. […] Pain control helps improve the patient’s quality of life. […] Oral mucositis breaks down the lining of the mouth, which lets bacteria and viruses get into the blood. […] Oral care during radiation therapy will depend on the following: Specific needs of the patient. […] Regular dental treatments, including cleaning and polishing, should wait until the transplant patient’s immune system returns to normal. […] Cancer survivors who received chemotherapy or a transplant or who underwent radiation therapy are at risk of developing a second cancer later in life. […] The social problems related to oral complications can be the hardest problems for cancer patients to cope with.
  • #1 Mouth Cancers: Gum, Palate, Inner Cheek & Floor of Mouth
    https://www.cancercenter.com/cancer-types/oral-cancer/types/mouth-cancer
    Floor of the mouth cancer occurs when cancer cells form in the tissue under the tongue. This type of cancer often appears as a mouth ulcer that doesn’t heal, and it may be confused with a canker sore. […] Other signs of floor of the mouth cancer may include: […] White or red patch or ulcerative lesion on the floor of the mouth […] Pain or numbness in the mouth […] Neck lump. […] Your multidisciplinary team will work with you to develop a personalized plan to treat your oral cancer in a way that fits your individual needs and goals. […] According to the ACS, the five-year relative survival rates for floor of the mouth cancer are: […] Local: 73 percent […] Regional: 41 percent […] Distant: 23 percent […] All stages combined: 52 percent.
  • #1 Oral Cavity (Mouth) Cancer Treatment Options, by Stage | American Cancer Society
    https://www.cancer.org/cancer/types/oral-cavity-and-oropharyngeal-cancer/treating/by-stage.html
    Most patients with stage I or II oral cavity cancers do well when treated with surgery and/or radiation therapy. Chemotherapy (chemo) given along with radiation (called chemoradiation) is another option. Both surgery and radiation work equally well in treating these cancers. The choice depends on your preferences and the expected side effects, including how the treatment might affect how you look and how you swallow and speak. […] For cancers of the floor of the mouth, front of the tongue, inside of the cheek, gums, and hard palate, surgery is the main treatment. Lymph nodes in the neck might be removed (called lymph node dissection) to check them for cancer spread. If it looks like surgery hasn’t completely removed the cancer or if there is a high chance of it coming back, radiation alone or chemoradiation might be added.
  • #1 Oral Cavity (Mouth) Cancer Treatment Options, by Stage | American Cancer Society
    https://www.cancer.org/cancer/types/oral-cavity-and-oropharyngeal-cancer/treating/by-stage.html
    These cancers in the floor of the mouth, front of the tongue, inside of the cheek, gums, and hard palate include bigger cancers, those that have grown into nearby tissues, and/or those that have spread to nearby lymph nodes in the neck. Surgery is usually done first and includes taking out some of the neck lymph nodes (lymph node dissection). Surgery is most often followed by radiation alone or chemoradiation.
  • #1 Oral Cancer – Facts, Diagnosis & Treatment | MD Anderson Cancer Center
    https://www.mdanderson.org/cancer-types/oral-cancer.html
    Oral cancer (also known as mouth cancer or oral cavity cancer) is most often found in the tongue, the lips and the floor of the mouth. […] A cancerous lesion on the floor of the mouth, under the tongue. The image shows a swollen white patch with distinct borders. […] Oral cancer care teams also include specialists who can help improve your quality of life during and after treatment. These include speech pathologists who can help you maximize your ability to speak, chew and swallow. […] MD Anderson also has dentists who specialize in caring for cancer patients. They evaluate patients with oral cancer and conduct any pre-treatment procedures necessary for their long-term oral health. Dental care after oral cancer treatment can be particularly challenging, so these treatments are essential to your quality of life. Our dental team also crafts custom-made prosthetics for patients who have portions of their jaw or other bones removed as part of cancer treatment.
  • #2 Floor of the mouth cancer: Symptoms, treatment and prognosis | CURAPROX
    https://curaprox.us/blog/post/interesting-facts-about-floor-of-the-mouth-cancer?srsltid=AfmBOoo136GVU6ez0xM8tsZmwLkRk1g-erxoB-ZpVt6Vv-RCeTjge0xs
    Floor of the mouth cancer is a malignant tumour that forms on the oral mucosa between the lower jaw and the hyoid bone. […] Treatment of floor of the mouth cancer may vary significantly depending on its location, size, form of progression and stage. […] If you have the slightest suspicion that you might be suffering from floor of the mouth cancer, consult your family doctor or an ENT specialist as early as possible. […] During surgery for floor of the mouth cancer, the surgeon excises not only the tumour but also clinically healthy surrounding tissue with a margin of at least one centimetre to prevent invisible tumour cells from remaining in the floor of the mouth and forming a new tumour. […] Treatment for squamous cell carcinomas of the floor of the mouth is usually followed by rehabilitation also known as rehab.
  • #2 Mouth Cancers: Gum, Palate, Inner Cheek & Floor of Mouth
    https://www.cancercenter.com/cancer-types/oral-cancer/types/mouth-cancer
    Floor of the mouth cancer occurs when cancer cells form in the tissue under the tongue. This type of cancer often appears as a mouth ulcer that doesn’t heal, and it may be confused with a canker sore. […] Other signs of floor of the mouth cancer may include: […] White or red patch or ulcerative lesion on the floor of the mouth […] Pain or numbness in the mouth […] Neck lump. […] Your multidisciplinary team will work with you to develop a personalized plan to treat your oral cancer in a way that fits your individual needs and goals. […] According to the ACS, the five-year relative survival rates for floor of the mouth cancer are: […] Local: 73 percent […] Regional: 41 percent […] Distant: 23 percent […] All stages combined: 52 percent.
  • #2 Floor of the mouth cancer – Diagnosis and treatment – Mayo Clinic
    https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/floor-mouth-cancer/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20446340
    Our caring team of Mayo Clinic experts can help you with your floor of the mouth cancer-related health concerns […] Treatment for floor of the mouth cancer often begins with surgery. Surgery might be followed by radiation, chemotherapy or both. […] Your health care team considers many factors when creating a treatment plan. These might include the cancer’s location and how fast it’s growing. The team also may look at whether the cancer has spread to other parts of your body and the results of tests on the cancer cells. Your care team also considers your age and your overall health. […] Surgery is the most common treatment for floor of the mouth cancer. Operations used to treat floor of the mouth cancer include: […] Surgery to remove the cancer. The surgeon removes the cancer and some of the healthy tissue around it. This ensures that all the cancer cells are removed. If the cancer grows to involve the jaw or tongue, the surgeon may remove parts of those structures. Sometimes surgery causes trouble with speaking and swallowing. Physical therapy and other rehabilitation services can help you cope with these changes.
  • #2 Mouth Cancer Self – Check Guide – Mouth Cancer Foundation
    https://www.mouthcancerfoundation.org/self-examination/
    Lift your tongue up and look underneath then look at the floor of your mouth for any colour changes that are unusual. Gently press your finger along the floor of your mouth and underside your tongue to feel for any lumps, swellings or ulcers. […] The Mouth Cancer Foundation recommends that everyone over the age of 16 has a professional examination for early signs of mouth cancer, once a year, at their dentist.
  • #2 Nursing Care Plan For Oral Cancer
    https://royalimplant.com/blogs/nursing-care-plan-for-oral-cancer/
    Dealing with oral cancer can be challenging, but having a well-organized nursing care plan for oral cancer can make a significant difference in managing symptoms and improving overall quality of life. Oral cancer refers to cancer that develops in any part of the oral cavity, including the lips, gums, tongue, cheeks, floor of the mouth, and roof of the mouth. Effective nursing care is crucial for managing symptoms, side effects of treatment, and overall well-being. This care plan includes collaborating with a dentist to address specific oral health needs and ensure comprehensive patient care. […] Lets walk through how nurses can provide the best care for patients with oral cancer, ensuring they receive the support they need every step of the way. […] By following a detailed nursing care plan for oral cancer and including regular consultations with an oral surgeon, we can address the physical, emotional, and practical needs of patients. This approach helps improve their quality of life and ensures they receive the comprehensive support necessary for managing their condition.
  • #2 Floor of the mouth cancer | Beacon Health System
    https://www.beaconhealthsystem.org/library/diseases-and-conditions/floor-of-the-mouth-cancer?content_id=CON-20198288
    Floor of the mouth cancer treatments include surgery, radiation and chemotherapy. […] Floor of the mouth cancer treatments include surgery, radiation therapy and chemotherapy. […] Treatment for floor of the mouth cancer often begins with surgery. Surgery might be followed by radiation, chemotherapy or both. […] Surgery is the most common treatment for floor of the mouth cancer. […] Operations used to treat floor of the mouth cancer include: […] Surgery to remove the cancer. The surgeon removes the cancer and some of the healthy tissue around it. This ensures that all the cancer cells are removed. […] Surgery to remove lymph nodes in the neck. […] Reconstructive surgery may be used for people who had parts of the face, jaw or neck taken out during surgery. […] Other forms of treatment may include:
  • #2 Oral Cavity (Mouth) Cancer | Durham, Raleigh, North Carolina | Duke Health
    https://www.dukehealth.org/treatments/cancer/oral-cancer
    Because oral cancer can cause problems with speaking, breathing, and swallowing, we partner with speech, physical, and occupational therapists to improve those functions. […] We work together to ensure you receive the best possible care. Specially trained nurses and therapists help you maintain or regain your ability to talk, eat, swallow, and perform other daily functions.
  • #2 Floor of the mouth cancer | Beacon Health System
    https://www.beaconhealthsystem.org/library/diseases-and-conditions/floor-of-the-mouth-cancer?content_id=CON-20198288
    Radiation therapy uses powerful energy beams to kill cancer cells. […] Chemotherapy uses strong medicines to kill cancer cells. […] Targeted therapy uses medicines that attack specific chemicals in the cancer cells. […] Immunotherapy is a treatment with medicine that helps your body’s immune system kill cancer cells. […] Photodynamic therapy uses a medicine that makes cancer cells sensitive to light. […] Treatment for advanced floor of the mouth cancer can affect your ability to speak and eat. Working with a skilled rehabilitation team can help you cope with changes that result from cancer treatment.
  • #2 What to Eat During and After Oral Cancer Treatment | Sarah Cannon
    https://sarahcannon.com/blog/entry/what-to-eat-during-and-after-oral-cancer-treatment
    What to eat and what not to eat before, during, and after treatment can be confusing for any person going through a cancer journey. It is important to talk to your doctor or nurse navigator about the types of foods you should avoid and/or add into your diet, especially if you are fighting or recovering from oral cancer treatment. The right nutrients in your food can assist your body in rebuilding damaged (cancer) cells, and help you fight cancer. […] For oral cancer patients, it is normal to develop loss of appetite, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, constipation, dry mouth, blistered mouth, or other oral or digestive issues during the cancer journey. It is important to fight any drastic weight loss, as it can negatively affect the effectiveness of the cancer treatment and your body’s ability to fight cancer. […] By eating the correct foods the right way, it can help you feel, look, and operate better physically and mentally throughout your day-to-day life.
  • #2 Oral Complications of Cancer Therapies – NCIFacebookFollow on XInstagramYoutubeLinkedin
    https://www.cancer.gov/about-cancer/treatment/side-effects/mouth-throat/oral-complications-pdq
    The following are ways to treat mucositis during chemotherapy, stem cell transplant, or radiation therapy: Cleaning the mouth. […] Pain control helps improve the patient’s quality of life. […] Oral mucositis breaks down the lining of the mouth, which lets bacteria and viruses get into the blood. […] Oral care during radiation therapy will depend on the following: Specific needs of the patient. […] Regular dental treatments, including cleaning and polishing, should wait until the transplant patient’s immune system returns to normal. […] Cancer survivors who received chemotherapy or a transplant or who underwent radiation therapy are at risk of developing a second cancer later in life. […] The social problems related to oral complications can be the hardest problems for cancer patients to cope with.
  • #2 Oral Cancer: Causes, Symptoms & Treatment
    https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/11184-oral-cancer
    The floor of your mouth (the part under your tongue) is included in the oral cavity. […] The most common surgeries for oral cancer are: […] Reconstruction: Surgery that removes large areas of tissue might be followed by reconstructive surgery to fill gaps left by the tumor or replace part of your lips, tongue, palate or jaw. […] You can detect oral cancer early by doing a monthly self-examination. […] Gently push your tongue back so you can see the floor of your mouth.
  • #2 Mouth cancer | Better Health Channel
    https://www.betterhealth.vic.gov.au/health/conditionsandtreatments/mouth-cancer
    The most common sites of mouth cancer are the lips, tongue and floor of the mouth, but it can also develop in the gums, the inside lining of the cheeks, roof of the mouth, hard and soft palate, tonsils and salivary glands. […] Treatment depends on the size, type and location of the cancer and whether it has spread, but can include: […] Ongoing care this may include speech therapy, dietary advice, regular medical follow-up and counselling. […] Having regular check-ups with your oral health professional and notifying them of any changes to your mouth is important, especially if you have had a lump or mouth ulcer for more than two weeks. […] These are ways you can reduce your risk of mouth cancer: […] Following this advice doesnt mean that you will never get mouth cancer, but it can reduce your risk and has other health benefits too.
  • #2 Floor of the mouth cancer // Middlesex Health
    https://middlesexhealth.org/learning-center/diseases-and-conditions/floor-of-the-mouth-cancer
    Chemotherapy uses strong medicines to kill cancer cells. Chemotherapy may be used after surgery to kill any remaining cells. […] Treatment for advanced floor of the mouth cancer can affect your ability to speak and eat. Working with a skilled rehabilitation team can help you cope with changes that result from cancer treatment.
  • #2 Mouth Cancer – UChicago Medicine
    https://www.uchicagomedicine.org/cancer/types-treatments/head-neck-cancers/mouth-cancer
    At UChicago Medicine, our speech pathologists, nutritionists and other rehabilitation team members get involved in your care from the very beginning. This can help reduce treatment side effects. […] Early evaluation allows the speech pathologists to identify any potential speech and swallowing problems that you may develop during or after treatment, and provide ways to prevent or lessen these issues with the focus on function and quality of life. […] If you smoke, it is important that you stop smoking during and after treatment for mouth cancer. UChicago Medicines No Smoker Left Behind program can provide you with the support you need to stop the habit.
  • #2 Oral Cancer | Franciscan Health
    https://www.franciscanhealth.org/conditions-and-services/cancer-care/oral-cancer
    Our oncologists and oncology nurse navigators can walk you through treatment options for oral cancer based on your specific diagnosis. […] A common treatment for oral cancer is surgery, which will remove the cancerous tissue in the mouth and, if necessary, lymph nodes in the neck. In some cases, when larger tumors are present, parts of the jaw or tongue may be removed. […] Oral cancer, or mouth cancer, is the growth of abnormal, invasive cells that damage healthy cells on the lips, tongue, inside of the cheeks, gums, or the roof of the mouth and floor of the mouth. […] Franciscan Health Oncology Nurse Navigators serve a special and important role. As registered nurses specially trained in cancer care, they serve as personal guides and advocates, walking alongside our patients and their families during their cancer journey by providing: […] Education and information about your diagnosis, treatment options and care plan. […] Assistance with timely appointments, insurance issues and access to resources. […] Emotional support and encouragement.
  • #2 Mouth Cancer Treatment – San Diego – Scripps Health
    https://www.scripps.org/services/cancer-care/mouth-cancer-treatment
    Scripps Cancer Center is a leader in caring for people with cancer of the mouth, also known as oral cavity cancer and oropharyngeal cancer. Our oncology specialists treat mouth cancer with advanced therapies designed to eliminate cancer and prevent recurrence, including minimally invasive surgery that uses small incisions, potentially resulting in shorter hospital stays and a faster recovery. […] Our multidisciplinary, collaborative board of cancer specialists reviews complex care plans to ensure patients receive the best possible care from diagnosis to recovery. […] Your Scripps cancer care team includes professionals from every area of oncology, including otolaryngologists (ear, nose and throat doctors or ENTs), surgeons, radiation oncologists, medical oncologists and nurses who specialize in cancer care.
  • #3 Floor of the mouth cancer: Symptoms, treatment and prognosis | CURAPROX
    https://curaprox.co.uk/blog/post/interesting-facts-about-floor-of-the-mouth-cancer?srsltid=AfmBOoqweVo_Bz43soE96U9HxpK6Z_3olrFcy57B7f_FBqLiMqpMr4Us
    Floor of the mouth cancer is a malignant tumour that forms on the oral mucosa between the lower jaw and the hyoid bone. […] This article provides a basic overview of the symptoms, causes, prognosis and treatment of floor of the mouth cancer. […] Treatment of floor of the mouth cancer may vary significantly depending on its location, size, form of progression and stage. […] The most common forms of treatment for squamous cell carcinomas of the floor of the mouth are presented below: Surgery, Radiotherapy, Chemotherapy. […] If the tumour needs to be removed surgically, chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy treatment may be prescribed either before or after surgery. […] During surgery for floor of the mouth cancer, the surgeon excises not only the tumour but also clinically healthy surrounding tissue with a margin of at least one centimetre to prevent invisible tumour cells from remaining in the floor of the mouth and forming a new tumour.