Materiały źródłowe

• #1 Nasal & Paranasal Tumors: Symptoms, Causes & Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/24927-nasal-tumors

  Nasal and paranasal tumors begin in your nasal cavity or paranasal sinuses. These tumors may be cancerous or noncancerous. Treatment depends on the situation, but often includes surgery to remove the tumor. Other treatments include radiation therapy and chemotherapy. […] Nose tumors are rare. Nasal and paranasal tumors account for approximately 3% to 5% of all head and neck cancers in the U.S. […] First, a healthcare provider will perform a physical examination and ask you about your symptoms in detail. Next, theyll recommend testing based on your specific situation. These tests may include: Nasal endoscopy. During this procedure, a healthcare provider will use a thin, flexible tube with a tiny light and camera to look at the inside of your nasal passages and sinuses. Blood tests. Your provider may take a small sample of your blood, then test it in a lab for signs of cancer. Imaging tests. These tests may include X-rays, MRI (magnetic resonance imaging) or CT (computed tomography) scans. Biopsy. During this procedure, a healthcare provider takes a small sample of tissue from the tumor. Then, theyll send the tissue sample to a lab for analysis.

• #2 Nasal Cavity and Paranasal Sinus Cancer

  https://www.rwjbh.org/treatment-care/neuroscience/neurosurgery/conditions-treated/nasal-paranasal-tumors/

  Most cancers of the nasal and paranasal sinuses arent found until they have grown to a certain size and begin to produce unpleasant symptoms. Currently, there is no early screening test to find these types of tumors. […] To come to a diagnosis, a physical exam is necessary to check the parts of the nose and/or sinuses causing problems. Your doctor will check for numbness, pain, or signs of swelling or firmness of the face and lymph nodes in the neck. Your doctor may examine your nasal cavity to see inside your nasal passages. If your doctor thinks you could have a tumor in the nasal cavity or paranasal sinuses, they will likely refer you to an otolaryngologist (a physician who specializes in conditions affecting the ear, nose, and throat, also called an ENT). […] Usually, these tumors are diagnosed after taking imaging tests, such as MRI and CT scans. These imaging tests create pictures of the inside of the body to help look for a tumor if your doctor suspects one, and to see if the tumor is operable without too much risk of permanent nerve damage. These imaging tests can also help your doctor see if the tumor has spread or if it has come back after treatment.

• #3 Paranasal sinus cancer – PubMed

  https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23523040/

  Paranasal sinus cancers are rare, aggressive tumours that are usually diagnosed at an advanced stage. […] The diagnosis should be suspected in the presence of unilateral and continuous nasal sinus symptoms or bone lysis or a heterogeneous opacity on imaging. […] The definitive positive diagnosis is based on histological examination. […] Staging must comprise face, brain, neck and chest CT as well as face and brain MRI. […] These tumours must be managed in reference centres experienced in all of the various treatment modalities. […] Treatment decisions must be based on a multidisciplinary approach comprising local, regional and national REFCOR expertise (French rare head and neck cancer network). […] Optimal treatment is surgical resection with clear margins associated with adjuvant intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT).

• #4 Nasal and paranasal tumors – Diagnosis and treatment – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/nasal-paranasal-tumors/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20354137

  Tests and procedures used to diagnose nasal and paranasal tumors include: […] Nasal endoscopy is a procedure to look inside the nose. It uses a thin tube with a light and camera. […] A biopsy is a procedure to collect a sample of tissue for testing. […] Imaging tests capture pictures of the inside of the body. The pictures can show the size and location of a tumor. […] Your healthcare team may suggest more tests and procedures based on your condition. […] If you might have a nasal or paranasal tumor, you may be referred to a doctor who specializes in diseases that affect the ears, nose and throat, called an ENT specialist. […] For nasal and paranasal tumors, some basic questions to ask include: Do I have cancer? Where is my tumor? What other tests do I need? What are my treatment options? Is there one treatment that’s best for my type of tumor? What are the potential side effects for each treatment? Should I seek a second opinion? Can you give me names of specialists you recommend? Am I eligible for clinical trials?

• #5 Diagnosis of nasal cavity and paranasal sinus cancer | Canadian Cancer Society

  https://cancer.ca/en/cancer-information/cancer-types/nasal-and-paranasal-sinus/diagnosis

  Diagnosis is the process of finding out the cause of a health problem. Diagnosing nasal cavity or paranasal sinus cancer usually begins with a visit to your family doctor. Your doctor will ask you about any symptoms you have and do a physical exam. Based on this information, your doctor will refer you to a specialist or order tests to check for nasal cavity or paranasal sinus cancer or other health problems. […] The following tests are usually used to rule out or diagnose nasal cavity and paranasal sinus cancer. Many of the same tests used to diagnose cancer are used to find out the stage (how far the cancer has spread). Your doctor may also order other tests, including a dental exam, to check your general health and to help plan your treatment. […] A physical exam allows your doctor to look for any signs of nasal cavity and paranasal sinus cancer.

• #6 Nasal and paranasal tumors – Diagnosis and treatment – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/nasal-paranasal-tumors/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20354137

  Be prepared to answer questions about your symptoms and your health, such as: When did you begin experiencing symptoms? Have your symptoms been continuous or occasional? How severe are your symptoms? What, if anything, seems to improve your symptoms? What, if anything, appears to worsen your symptoms?

• #7 How is Nasal Cancer and Sinus Cancer Diagnosed? | American Cancer Society

  https://www.cancer.org/cancer/types/nasal-cavity-and-paranasal-sinus-cancer/detection-diagnosis-staging/how-diagnosed.html

  Nasal cavity and paranasal sinus cancers are usually found because of signs or symptoms a person is having. If cancer is suspected, tests will be done, sometimes by specialists, to confirm the diagnosis. […] If your doctor thinks you might have cancer of the nasal cavity or paranasal sinuses, you’ll be sent to see an otolaryngologist (a doctor who specializes in diseases of the ear, nose, and throat; also called an ENT doctor). This doctor will carefully check your nasal passages and the rest of your head and neck. […] A biopsy (a piece of tissue) may be removed during the endoscopy if an abnormal area is seen. […] In a biopsy, a doctor takes out a small piece of tissue (a sample) from the suspicious area to be checked closely in the lab. It’s the only way to know for sure if you have nasal cavity or paranasal sinus cancer. If cancer is found, testing in the lab can also show what kind of cancer it is and how aggressive it is (how fast it will grow and spread). This information is needed to help plan the best treatment. […] Biopsy samples (from endoscopy or surgery) are sent to a lab where they are looked at closely. If cancer is found, more lab tests may be done on the biopsy samples to help better classify the cancer and possibly find specific treatment options.

• #8 Paranasal Sinus and Nasal Cavity Cancer Library

  https://more.navigatingcare.com/library/paranasalsinus

  Tests that examine the sinuses and nasal cavity are used to diagnose paranasal sinus and nasal cavity cancer. […] In addition to asking about your personal and family health history and doing a physical exam, your doctor may perform the following tests and procedures: […] Physical exam of the nose, face, and neck: An exam in which the doctor looks into the nose with a small, long-handled mirror to check for abnormal areas and checks the face and neck for lumps or swollen lymph nodes. […] X-rays of the head and neck: An x-ray is a type of energy beam that can go through the body and onto film, making a picture of areas inside the body. […] MRI (magnetic resonance imaging): A procedure that uses a magnet, radio waves, and a computer to make a series of detailed pictures of areas inside the body. This procedure is also called nuclear magnetic resonance imaging (NMRI).

• #9 Paranasal Sinus Tumors | Cedars-Sinai

  https://www.cedars-sinai.org/health-library/diseases-and-conditions/p/paranasal-sinus-tumors.html

  A healthcare provider will talk with you about your health history and do a physical exam. The physical exam will include looking at your eyes, ears, nose, mouth, face, neck, and throat. Any details you can give about your symptoms can help with the diagnosis. This includes details about pain, such as is it sharp, burning, dull, or achy, where it is, and when you have it. […] Your provider might order an endoscopy of your sinuses. This is a procedure in which a thin, flexible tube with a tiny light and a video camera on the end is put into your sinuses. Looking inside your sinuses will help your provider figure out the location and size of the tumor. […] Your provider might also order these tests: Blood tests, Imaging tests of your skull, such as X-rays, CT scans, or MRI of the sinuses, Imaging tests of your chest, Biopsy. This is when a tiny piece of the tumor is taken out and tested in a lab for cancer.

• #10 Diagnosis of nasal cavity and paranasal sinus cancer | Canadian Cancer Society

  https://cancer.ca/en/cancer-information/cancer-types/nasal-and-paranasal-sinus/diagnosis

  A nasal endoscopy allows the doctor to look inside the nose, nasopharynx and throat. […] During a biopsy, the doctor removes tissues or cells from the body so they can be tested in a lab. A report from a pathologist will show whether or not cancer cells are found in the sample. […] A CT scan is used to find a tumour in the nasal cavity or paranasal sinuses. […] An MRI is used to find a tumour in the nasal cavity or paranasal sinuses. […] A PET scan may be used to look for cancer that has spread to other areas of the body.

• #11 Diagnosing Sinonasal Cancer | NYU Langone Health

  https://nyulangone.org/conditions/sinonasal-cancer/diagnosis

  Nasal endoscopy allows doctors to examine the nasal and paranasal cavities. During the procedure, the doctor inserts a nasal endoscope a thin, lighted tube with a lens at the tip that transmits images to a monitor through the nose to look for tumors. […] If your doctor identifies a suspicious growth during a nasal endoscopy, he or she may perform a biopsy sometimes on the same day. A biopsy can often be performed in the doctor’s office. […] After you have received a diagnosis, your NYU Langone doctor may use CT scans and MRI scans to determine the extent of the tumor and whether sinonasal cancer has spread.

• #12

• #13 Paranasal Sinus and Nasal Cavity Cancer Library

  https://more.navigatingcare.com/library/paranasalsinus

  CT scan (CAT scan): A procedure that makes a series of detailed pictures of areas inside the body, taken from different angles. The pictures are made by a computer linked to an x-ray machine. A dye may be injected into a vein or swallowed to help the organs or tissues show up more clearly. This procedure is also called computed tomography, computerized tomography, or computerized axial tomography. […] Biopsy: The removal of cells or tissues so they can be viewed under a microscope by a pathologist to check for signs of cancer. There are three types of biopsy: […] Fine-needle aspiration (FNA) biopsy: The removal of tissue or fluid using a thin needle. […] Incisional biopsy: The removal of part of an area of tissue that doesn’t look normal. […] Excisional biopsy: The removal of an entire area of tissue that doesn’t look normal.

• #14 Nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses | Oncoclínicas Group Nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses | Oncoclínicas Group

  https://grupooncoclinicas.com/en/all-about-cancer/types-of-cancer/nasal-cavity-and-paranasal-sinuses/

  If cancer is found, laboratory tests can determine how aggressive the cancer is. […] Biopsies are often done in the doctor’s office or clinic under local anesthesia. If the tumor is in an area that is difficult to reach or can bleed profusely, the biopsy will be done in the operating room. […] Deep tumors can be reached by endoscopic biopsy. Long, thin surgical tools are passed through the endoscope to obtain a biopsy sample. […] Finally, for tumors within the sinuses, the doctor may have to cut through the skin near the nose and the underlying bones to reach them, in a procedure called an open (surgical) biopsy.

• #15 Nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses | Oncoclínicas Group Nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses | Oncoclínicas Group

  https://grupooncoclinicas.com/en/all-about-cancer/types-of-cancer/nasal-cavity-and-paranasal-sinuses/

  Cancer of the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses is a tumor that affects the region from the roof of the mouth to the passage that joins the mouth to the throat, and also the cavities around or near the nose. Nasal congestion and pain near the eyes are some of the symptoms. […] Tumors of the nasal cavity and sinuses are diagnosed based on the symptoms they cause – diagnosis in a person who does not have symptoms is very rare. […] After a clinical examination or a radiological examination, if the doctor suspects cancer, they will order a biopsy. Once the disease is confirmed, tests are carried out to verify the local and distant extension of the disease, through imaging tests. […] To close the diagnosis, it is necessary to perform a biopsy. In this procedure, a small piece of tissue is removed to be examined under a microscope, and this is the only way to know for sure whether the tumor can be determined as cancer of the nasal cavity or paranasal sinuses.

• #16

• #17 Malignant Tumors of the Nasal Cavity Workup: Imaging Studies, Diagnostic Procedures, Histologic Findings

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/846995-workup

  Imaging is essential to staging the tumor locally and to ruling out the presence of metastases. Computer tomography (CT) scanning and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) have replaced plain radiographs because of the fine anatomic detail provided by these imaging modalities. Each has its own advantages and limitations, but in most cases they are considered complementary. […] CT scanning is superior for the evaluation of the bony architecture of the sinonasal tract and skull base. It helps to assess bony erosion or remodeling in critical areas such as the orbital walls, cribriform plate, fovea ethmoidalis, pterygoid plates, pterygopalatine fossa, and the walls of the sinuses. […] MRI is the best modality for defining soft tissue detail. It can differentiate adjacent tumor from soft tissue (eg, gadolinium enhances tumor diffusely to an intermediate degree, whereas inflamed mucosa enhances more intensely in a peripheral fashion), differentiate tumor from secretions in an opacified sinus, demonstrate perineural spread (especially adenoid cystic carcinoma), and demonstrate invasion of the dura, orbit, or brain parenchymal.

• #18 Malignant Tumors of the Sinuses Workup: Laboratory Studies, Imaging Studies, Diagnostic Procedures

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/847189-workup

  As with other head and neck cancers, additional tests are usually obtained to evaluate for distant organ disease (eg, liver enzymes) or pulmonary metastasis (eg, chest radiographs, computed tomography [CT] scans). […] In the case of a nasal cavity or paranasal sinus mass or erosion, an antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA) test for possible granulomatosis with polyangiitis should be considered. […] Consultation with multiple specialties should be considered because sinonasal tumors involve complex structures throughout the face and skull base. […] Imaging studies depend on the differential diagnosis. […] MRI is vital in the establishing the presence or absence of factors that determine resectability, such as orbital invasion, perineural spread, skull base invasion, intracranial extension, and invasion of the masticator and parapharyngeal spaces by tumor.

• #19

  https://www.americanoncology.com/cancer-we-treat/diagnosis/paranasal-sinus-and-nasal-cavity-cancer

  MRI: It uses strong magnetic forces and radio waves to create detailed images of the bones, organs, tissues, and blood vessels. […] PET scan: This technique uses a radioactive sugar derivative as an energy source, especially for cancer cells. […] Biopsy: It involves taking samples of abnormal cells from the paranasal sinuses, nasal cavities, and other organs (suspected to have cancer) and sending them to the laboratory to determine the presence of cancer cells.

• #20 Sinus Cancer Diagnosis: Tests, Scans and Biopsies

  https://www.cancercenter.com/cancer-types/sinus-cancer/diagnosis-and-detection

  A thorough and accurate cancer diagnosis is the first step in developing a sinus cancer treatment plan. Sinus cancer experts use a variety of tests and tools designed for diagnosing sinus cancer, evaluating the disease and developing an individualized treatment plan. […] A biopsy is used to confirm the presence of cancer in the nasal cavity or paranasal sinus. A sample of tissues or cells is required for a biopsy, which must be collected before treatment begins. […] The following imaging tests may help the care team diagnose sinus cancer. […] An MRI may help study the soft tissue and identify cancers in the paranasal sinuses and nasal cavities. It also may offer insight into whether sinus cancer has spread to the eye or brain.

• #21 Malignant Tumors of the Nasal Cavity Workup: Imaging Studies, Diagnostic Procedures, Histologic Findings

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/846995-workup

  Apparent Diffusion Coefficient (ADC) mapping shows potential as an additional MRI tool to effectively differentiate benign/inflammatory lesions from malignant tumors in the sinonasal area. […] Metastatic workup should be performed should an extensive resection be considered in a patient with advanced stages, especially those with tumors that have invaded the soft tissues of the face and in tumors with a propensity for hematogenous metastasis, such as sarcomas. […] Biopsy of the lesion is commonly performed using a rods lens endoscope in the office under topical or local anesthesia. Alternatively, the sampling can be performed in the more controlled environment of an operating room when a deep biopsy is required of if profuse bleeding is anticipated. […] Treatment of SCC and most other sinonasal malignancies is based on the stage of the disease. In general, early lesions (T1-T2) are treated by either surgery or radiation therapy. Advanced diseases (T3-T4) are treated with multi-modal therapy (surgical extirpation followed by postoperative radiation or chemoradiation therapy).

• #22 Malignant Tumors of the Sinuses Workup: Laboratory Studies, Imaging Studies, Diagnostic Procedures

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/847189-workup

  The authors opinion is that both CT scanning and MRI should be performed prior to surgical intervention to help assist in preliminary staging, surgical planning, and defining respectability in close consultation with the neuroradiologist. […] Biopsy is the only 100% accurate means of obtaining a tissue diagnosis. […] Staging of nasal cavity and paranasal sinus carcinomas is not as well established as for other head and neck tumors. […] The Kadish staging system is used specifically for esthesioneuroblastoma because this malignancy often involves the skull base and intracranial extension. […] For cancer of the maxillary sinus, the nasal cavity, and the ethmoid sinus, the American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) has designated staging by TNM classification. […] In the setting of ENB, positron emission tomography (PET)-CT scanning is useful for staging and detecting distant metastases when used in conjunction with conventional imaging.

• #23 Nasal Cavity & Paranasal Sinus Cancer Symptoms & Diagnosis | Baptist Health Miami Cancer Institute

  https://baptisthealth.net/services/cancer-care/miami-cancer-institute/our-approach/adult-cancers/head-and-neck-cancers/nasal-cavity-and-paranasal-sinus-cancer/symptoms-and-diagnosis

  When you are diagnosed with Nasal Cavity and Paranasal Sinus Cavity Cancer, our expert healthcare team uses a variety of personalized tests, depending on what is right for you. […] This can include: Biopsy to examine tumor tissues and determine the specific kind of cancer present, Imaging studies that may include X-rays, CT (Computed Tomography), MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging) or PET (Photo Emission Tomography), Endoscopy to view the upper airways and inside the nostrils, throat and vocal cords, Laryngoscopy, which enables the specialists to use a mirror or a thin, flexible, lighted tube to view areas of concern, Esophagoscopy to view the esophagus, Bronchoscopy to view the bronchial tubes and lungs.

• #24

  https://www.americanoncology.com/cancer-we-treat/diagnosis/paranasal-sinus-and-nasal-cavity-cancer

  The diagnosis of paranasal sinus and nasal cavity cancer can be made through the following methods: […] Medical history and physical examination: Paranasal sinus and nasal cavity cancer affect various organs, such as the eyes and nose, and the patients usually present with multiple symptoms. […] Blood tests: Blood tests are not specifically used to detect paranasal sinus and nasal cavity cancer. […] Nasal endoscopy: Nasal endoscopy is performed to closely examine the tissues of the nasal cavity and throat. […] CT scan: CT scan uses X-rays to create detailed 3D images of the paranasal sinus and nasal cavity, including the bones, tissues, and blood vessels. […] X-ray: X-rays are less commonly used for evaluating paranasal sinus and nasal cavity cancer because of clearer and more detailed images provided by the CT scan.

• #25 Paranasal Sinus & Nasal Cavity Cancer | Huntsman Cancer Institute | University of Utah Health

  https://healthcare.utah.edu/huntsmancancerinstitute/head-neck-cancer/paranasal-sinus-nasal-cavity-cancer

  Paranasal sinus and nasal cavity cancer is a disease in which cancerous cells form in the tissues of the nose. […] These tests are used to diagnose paranasal sinus and nasal cavity cancer: Tissue sampling: The health care provider removes cells or tissues with a small scope so they can be viewed under a microscope to check for signs of cancer. Physical exam and history: A health care provider examines your body for signs of disease. Your personal health habits, past illnesses, and symptoms help guide the exam. Imaging tests: Using dyes, x-rays, magnets, radio waves, and/or computer technology, your health care provider can create detailed images of internal organs. Your health care provider may inject or have you swallow a dye to help see the images. Biopsy: The health care provider removes cell or tissue samples so they can be viewed under a microscope to check for signs of cancer.

• #26 What are the Stages of Nasal and Paranasal Sinus Cancer? | American Cancer Society

  https://www.cancer.org/cancer/types/nasal-cavity-and-paranasal-sinus-cancer/detection-diagnosis-staging/staging.html

  After someone is diagnosed with a nasal cavity or paranasal sinus cancer, doctors will try to figure out if it has spread, and if so, how far. This process is called staging. The stage of a cancer describes how much cancer is in the body. It helps determine how serious the cancer is and how best to treat it. Doctors also use a cancer’s stage when talking about survival statistics. […] The staging system most often used for nasal cavity and paranasal sinus cancers is the American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) TNM system, which is based on 3 key pieces of information: […] Nasal cavity and paranasal sinus cancers are typically given a clinical stage based on the results of any exams, biopsies, and imaging tests that might have been done. If surgery has been done, the pathologic stage (also called the surgical stage) can be determined.

• #27 Paranasal Sinus Tumors | Cedars-Sinai

  https://www.cedars-sinai.org/health-library/diseases-and-conditions/p/paranasal-sinus-tumors.html

  After a diagnosis of paranasal sinus cancer, you’ll need to have more tests done. These help your healthcare providers learn more about the cancer. They’ll show how much and how far the cancer has spread (metastasized) in your body. A stage grouping is then assigned. […] The stage of a cancer tells your provider how much cancer there is and how far it has spread in your body. The stage of a cancer is one of the most important things to know when deciding how to treat it. […] Your healthcare provider will talk with you about what your cancer stage means for your treatment. Ask any questions or talk about your concerns.

• #28 Nasal cavity and paranasal sinus cancers | EBSCO Research Starters

  https://www.ebsco.com/research-starters/health-and-medicine/nasal-cavity-and-paranasal-sinus-cancers

  Nasal cavity and paranasal sinus cancers are rare malignancies that arise in the nasal passages and the sinuses surrounding them. […] Diagnosis typically involves imaging tests such as CT or MRI scans and may include biopsy procedures. […] No routine screening is performed for nasal or paranasal sinus cancers because of their rarity. Methods of diagnosis include physical examination, nasal endoscopy, computed tomography (CT) scan of the nose and sinuses, or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the sinuses and orbits. If there is a visible mass, it is biopsied (a slice of tissue is removed for microscopic examination) to determine whether it is cancer and, if so, what type. […] Only esthesioneuroblastomas and cancers of the maxillary sinuses, nasal cavity, and ethmoid sinuses are staged. The sinus cancers are staged using the American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) staging system, which uses the TNM (tumor/lymph node/metastasis) groupings.

• #29 Diagnosis and Staging of Nasal/Paranasal Cancer – Canadian Cancer Survivor Network

  https://survivornet.ca/cancer-type/head-neck-cancer/types-of-head-and-neck-cancer__trashed/nasal-and-paranasal-cancers__trashed/diagnosis-and-staging-of-nasal-paranasal-cancer/

  Staging refers to a cancer classification system that tells the physician how far along the disease is. The TNM system of the American Joint Committee on Cancer is widely accepted and used across the world. T stands for size of the tumour; N refers to the spread to the lymph nodes; and M means metastasis or spread to distant organs.

• #30 What are the Stages of Nasal and Paranasal Sinus Cancer? | American Cancer Society

  https://www.cancer.org/cancer/types/nasal-cavity-and-paranasal-sinus-cancer/detection-diagnosis-staging/staging.html

  Nasal cavity and paranasal sinus cancer staging can be complex. If you have questions about the stage of your cancer and what it might mean for you, ask your doctor to explain it to you in a way you understand. […] The stages of nasal cavity and paranasal sinus cancers are slightly different, based on where the cancer starts. They are grouped together as: Cancers that start in the nasal cavity or ethmoid sinus, Cancers that start in the maxillary sinus.

• #31 Paranasal Sinus and Nasal Cavity Cancer Treatment – NCI

  https://www.cancer.gov/types/head-and-neck/patient/adult/paranasal-sinus-treatment-pdq

  Paranasal sinus and nasal cavity cancer is a disease in which malignant (cancer) cells form in the tissues of the paranasal sinuses and nasal cavity. […] Tests that examine the sinuses and nasal cavity are used to diagnose paranasal sinus and nasal cavity cancer. […] Signs and symptoms of paranasal sinus and nasal cavity cancer include sinus problems and nosebleeds. […] Certain factors affect prognosis (chance of recovery) and treatment options. […] After paranasal sinus and nasal cavity cancer has been diagnosed, tests are done to find out if cancer cells have spread within the paranasal sinuses and nasal cavity or to other parts of the body. […] The process used to find out if cancer has spread within the paranasal sinuses and nasal cavity or to other parts of the body is called staging.

• #32 Paranasal Sinus and Nasal Cavity Cancer Treatment – NCI

  https://www.cancer.gov/types/head-and-neck/patient/adult/paranasal-sinus-treatment-pdq

  There is no standard staging system for cancer of the sphenoid and frontal sinuses. […] After surgery, the stage of the cancer may change and more treatment may be needed. […] Paranasal sinus and nasal cavity cancer can recur (come back) after it has been treated. […] Tests that examine the sinuses and nasal cavity are used to diagnose paranasal sinus and nasal cavity cancer.

• #33 About Nasal & Sinus Cancer | University Hospitals

  https://www.uhhospitals.org/services/cancer-services/head-and-neck-cancer/diagnosis-and-treatments/nasal-and-sinus-cancer/about-nasal-and-sinus-cancer

  Paranasal sinus and nasal cavity cancer is a disease in which malignant (cancer) cells form in the tissues of the paranasal sinuses and nasal cavity. […] Tests that examine the sinuses and nasal cavity are used to diagnose paranasal sinus and nasal cavity cancer. […] Signs and symptoms of paranasal sinus and nasal cavity cancer include sinus problems and nosebleeds. […] Being exposed to certain chemicals or dust in the workplace can increase the risk of paranasal sinus and nasal cavity cancer. […] After paranasal sinus and nasal cavity cancer has been diagnosed, tests are done to find out if cancer cells have spread within the paranasal sinuses and nasal cavity or to other parts of the body. […] There is no standard staging system for cancer of the sphenoid and frontal sinuses. […] After surgery, the stage of the cancer may change and more treatment may be needed. […] Paranasal sinus and nasal cavity cancer can recur (come back) after it has been treated. […] Tests that examine the sinuses and nasal cavity are used to diagnose paranasal sinus and nasal cavity cancer.

• #34 Nasal Cavity and Paranasal Sinus Cancer

  https://www.rwjbh.org/treatment-care/neuroscience/neurosurgery/conditions-treated/nasal-paranasal-tumors/

  In order to make a definitive diagnosis, a tissue sample must be taken and examined under a microscope by a neuropathologist (biopsy). If cancer is found, the neuropathologist who examines the tissue sample will be able to discern the type and aggressiveness of the cancer. This information helps the patients medical team devise the best treatment. […] Part of the diagnosis process is staging. This indicates how advanced and aggressive the cancer is, and it helps your medical team come up with the best treatment plan for you.

• #35 Cancer of the nose: Facts about nasal cavity and paranasal sinus cancer | MD Anderson Cancer Center

  https://www.mdanderson.org/cancerwise/what-is-nose-cancer.h00-159619434.html

  Reaching the correct diagnosis is critically important to choosing the right treatment. But because nose and sinus cancers are so rare, the average pathologist may only see a handful of cases in their lifetime, which increases the risk of misdiagnosis. […] The study also revealed that patients who did not have their diagnosis revised had higher curability and survival rates. […] In other words, getting the diagnosis right from the beginning saves lives, says Hanna.

• #36 Sinus Cancer | Cancer of the Sinuses | Paranasal Sinus Cancer | Nasal Cavity Cancer | University of Michigan Rogel Cancer Center

  https://www.rogelcancercenter.org/head-and-neck-cancer/sinus

  Sinus cancer is better defined as paranasal sinus and nasal cavity cancer. […] The most common type of paranasal sinus and nasal cavity cancer is squamous cell carcinoma. This type of cancer forms in the squamous cells (thin, flat cells) lining the inside of the paranasal sinuses and the nasal cavity. […] Our patients with sinus cancer have their situation discussed not only by our head and neck oncologists, but also by team surgeons and pathologists. By having everyone involved, a personalized treatment plan is developed. In most cases, this discussion happens the same day as the appointment. […] We know patients with HPV-related tumors respond differently to treatment, and our clinical trials seek to understand how we can deliver the most effective treatments with the fewest side effects.

• #37 Nasal and Sinus Cancer Causes and Diagnoses | Northwestern Medicine

  https://www.nm.org/conditions-and-care-areas/cancer-care/head-and-neck-cancers/nasal-and-sinus-cancer/causes-and-diagnoses

  You may also require an evaluation by a neurosurgeon (if the tumor extends into the cranial cavity) or an oculoplastic surgeon (if tumor extends into the eye cavity) for purposes of surgical planning. […] For patients with tumor of the maxillary sinus that requires removal of portions of the hard palate, an evaluation by a prosthodontist for creating a dental and palatal obturator (an appliance that fits in the mouth to restore a defect) and a reconstructive surgeon (for consideration of repairing the defect with plastic surgery) may be necessary.

• #38 Nose and Paranasal Sinus Tumors | Penn State Health

  https://www.pennstatehealth.org/services-treatments/nose-paranasal-sinus-tumors

  Your doctor may also perform a nasopharyngoscopy during your visit. He or she will use a local anesthesia, usually a spray in your nostrils, to numb the feeling in your nose, and insert a small, flexible, lighted tube into your nose. […] If abnormalities are found, you will have a biopsy, in which a small tissue sample is taken from the area to confirm the diagnosis and check for the extent of the cancer. […] Your doctor may also order the following tests: X-ray: a picture of the facial bones, nose and sinuses. […] Computed tomography (CT or CAT) scan: takes detailed images of internal organs, bones, soft tissue and blood vessels. Your physician is able to use the cross-sectional images to confirm the presence, size and location of a tumor. […] Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan: takes detailed pictures to help diagnose cancer and monitor the effectiveness of treatments.

• #39 Nasal Cavity & Paranasal Sinus Cancer Symptoms & Diagnosis | Baptist Health Miami Cancer Institute

  https://baptisthealth.net/services/cancer-care/miami-cancer-institute/our-approach/adult-cancers/head-and-neck-cancers/nasal-cavity-and-paranasal-sinus-cancer/symptoms-and-diagnosis

  Nasal Cavity and Paranasal Sinus Cavity Cancer symptoms can vary and can often seem similar to those of other chronic diseases, so if you do have any symptoms, especially those that last longer than two weeks, its important to see your doctor. […] At Miami Cancer Institute, our internationally recognized Nasal Cavity and Paranasal Sinus Cavity Cancer experts work together across many medical disciplines (known as a multidisciplinary approach) to provide you with the most advanced, comprehensive diagnostics available today all under one roof and all conveniently located in South Florida. […] Our expert multidisciplinary team begins by determining your complete family history and providing you with a thorough physical examination. This includes blood tests and state-of-the-art advanced imaging and laboratory tests, all with a compassionate, patient-centered focus.

• #40 Sinus, Nasal and Skull-Base Cancer of Wisconsin

  https://www.froedtert.com/head-neck-cancers/sinus-nasal-cancer

  As part of the initial visit, the following tests may be used to detect, diagnose and/or stage a sinus, nasal or skull base cancer. […] Discussion of current symptoms, past medical history, and health habits […] Physical examination: an exam to check the eyes, nose, face, mouth and neck […] Endoscopy: a slender camera may be used after appropriate numbing through the nose to look into the nasal cavity and/or paranasal sinuses […] Biopsy: to obtain a definitive diagnosis, which may require a brief outpatient trip to the operating room […] Imaging: may include CT scan, MRI and/or PET scan. […] It is critical to go to an experienced team when dealing with nasal cavity and skull-base cancers because, number one, they are rare. And, number two, it is really high stakes. We need to be very precise, very thoughtful and very experienced about approaching treatment in a multidisciplinary fashion.

• #41 Paranasal Sinus Cancer | Mays Cancer Center

  https://cancer.uthscsa.edu/cancer-care/types-and-treatments/paranasal-sinus-cancer

  Paranasal sinus cancer occurs in the nose and nearby structures. […] We offer advanced testing and leading therapies that help us deliver precise care. […] Our nurse navigator coordinates the many tests and treatments you may need so you can focus on your health. […] Tests we use to diagnose paranasal sinus cancer include: Physical examination, where our head and neck cancer experts evaluate symptoms and check for abnormal growths in nearby areas such as the cheeks and gums; Imaging studies, such as computed tomography (CT) scans, to help us pinpoint the location of the cancer; Nasal endoscopy to examine the surfaces of the sinuses and inside the nasal area using a thin tube we guide through your nasal passages; Biopsy, a sample of suspicious tissue we take during a nasal endoscopy procedure. […] Doctors specializing in diagnosing medical problems (pathologists) examine biopsy tissue under a microscope. […] Our head and neck cancer team holds weekly tumor board meetings. We review test findings together, making it easier to coordinate therapies and tailor them to your needs.

• #42 Nasal cancer | Diagnosis, treatment & doctor search

  https://www.leading-medicine-guide.com/en/illness/tumors/otolaryngological-tumors

  Nasal cancer usually develops in the area of the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses, extending into the maxillary sinuses. […] How is nasal cancer diagnosed? Nasal cancer is diagnosed following a medical history interview in combination with an ear, nose and throat examination. In addition to nasal endoscopy, other imaging procedures are often used, such as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) or computer tomography (CT). […] A tissue sample (biopsy) is used to examine the fine tissue of the nasal tumor in the laboratory. This allows the type of cancer (often squamous cell carcinoma or adenocarcinoma) and the stage of the disease to be determined. […] Nasal cancer is treatable in the vast majority of cases. However, the methods that can be used also depend on the stage of the tumor. […] The treatment of choice for nasal cancer is surgery and therefore the complete removal of the entire tumor if possible. […] Nasal cancer is rarely fatal. If detected early, it is usually even curable. […] Experts in nasal cancer usually come from the fields of ENT surgery, neurosurgery, radiotherapy, internal oncology and radiology.

• #43

  https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11912-024-01566-x

  The purpose of this review is to analyze the diagnosis and treatments of the sinonasal malignant tumors throw systematic reviewed literature. […] The diagnosis and treatment of sinonasal cancers require a interdisciplinary approach and multimodality treatment.

• #44 Nasal & Paranasal Tumors: Symptoms, Causes & Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/24927-nasal-tumors

  Treatment for a nose tumor depends on several factors, including your medical history, whether the tumor is cancerous and your personal preferences. Healthcare providers typically recommend surgical removal for noncancerous nose tumors. For cancerous nasal tumors, the most common approach includes surgery in combination with radiation therapy. […] If you have a noncancerous nose tumor, then your provider will likely recommend surgery to remove it. Noncancerous nose tumors generally arent life-threatening. If you have a cancerous nose tumor, your healthcare provider will design a treatment plan tailored to your specific needs. This may include surgery, radiation therapy, chemotherapy or a combination of treatments. […] Many cancerous nose tumors are curable, especially if detected early. Like most types of cancer, the longer a nasal tumor goes undetected, the more likely it is to grow and spread. […] Schedule an appointment with your healthcare provider if you develop nose tumor symptoms, such as frequent nosebleeds, lack of sense of smell or nasal congestion that doesnt go away.

• #45 Nose and Paranasal Sinus Tumors | Penn State Health

  https://www.pennstatehealth.org/services-treatments/nose-paranasal-sinus-tumors

  Positron emission tomography (PET) scan: generally used in later-stage cancers to determine if cancer has spread to other organs. PET scans are sometimes combined with CT scans to provide a more precise and accurate diagnosis. […] Cancer is often described in stages that rate the severity of the cancer and help your doctor determine the best treatment plan for you. Nose and paranasal sinus cancer stages range from I, which is the least severe, to stage IVC, where the cancer has spread. […] Patients with early-stage nose or paranasal sinus cancer have long-term survival rates of up to 100% after treatment. […] Advanced stage cancer patients have the lowest survival rates. […] When the cancer has spread to other body organs, such as the lungs, cancer is not usually curable. […] At Penn State Cancer Institute, we diagnose and treat all types of nose and paranasal sinus tumors.

• #46 Sinus Cancer: Symptoms, Treatment, Prognosis

  https://www.verywellhealth.com/sinus-cancer-5197527

  Sinus cancer is a malignancy that develops in the open spaces behind your nose, called sinuses. […] Each year, about 2,000 people are diagnosed with nasal cavity or paranasal sinus cancer in the United States. […] In this article, you will learn the signs and symptoms to be aware of if you suspect sinus cancer so that you can seek prompt treatment, as research has shown that early diagnosis and treatment better your chances of beating cancer. […] If your doctor suspects sinus cancer, he or she will perform an endoscopy to access whether or not there are cancerous growths in your nasal and paranasal passageways. […] If your healthcare provider suspects sinus cancer, they will refer you to an otolaryngologist, a doctor who specializes in diseases of the ear, nose, and throat. […] During this procedure, your ENT may remove a small piece of abnormal tissue to further examine. […] The sooner you get a diagnosis and start treatment, the better your chances of beating the cancer are likely to be. […] Early detection and treatment increases the likelihood of complete removal of the tumor and decreases the chances of the cancer returning.

• #47 How Fast Does Nasal Cancer Grow?

  https://www.healthline.com/health/cancer/how-fast-does-nasal-cancer-grow

  Nasal cancer is rare, but it can be aggressive. Early diagnosis and treatment can often help keep it from spreading. […] Regardless of the kind of tumor you have, getting treatment as soon as possible gives you the best chance of preventing it from spreading to other parts of your body. […] Diagnosing nasal cancer usually starts with a physical examination of your head and neck. Your doctor will look and feel for any lumps, masses, or signs of suspicious tissue in your nose, sinuses, ears, and mouth. […] The most accurate diagnostic tool is a biopsy of tissue that may be cancerous. Your doctor will remove a small amount of tissue that they will send to a lab to determine if it is cancerous and to identify the cancer type. […] As with any cancer, the faster the diagnosis and treatment of nasal cancer, the better your outlook.

• #48 Diagnosing Sinonasal Cancer | NYU Langone Health

  https://nyulangone.org/conditions/sinonasal-cancer/diagnosis

  NYU Langone doctors can diagnose all types of sinonasal cancer, which develop in the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses. […] Early sinonasal cancer may cause no symptoms, which is why most tumors are found when they are advanced. When symptoms do occur, they may include recurrent nosebleeds, headaches, and unexplained nasal congestion especially on one side. […] Based on your symptoms and medical history, your doctor may perform a physical exam, in which he or she examines the face and the area around the nose for possible masses and swelling under the skin. […] NYU Langone doctors may also conduct a variety of tests to determine the cause of your symptoms. Most commonly, sinonasal cancers are diagnosed using nasal endoscopy and biopsy. Imaging tests may be performed to determine the extent of the tumor and whether the cancer has spread.

• #49 logo–sylvester

  https://umiamihealth.org/en/sylvester-comprehensive-cancer-center/treatments-and-services/head-and-neck-cancers/paranasal-sinus-and-nasal-cavity-cancer

  There are several paranasal sinus and nasal (nose) cancers. They get their names from the bones that surround them, including: […] Squamous cell carcinoma is often diagnosed in the paranasal sinuses and nasal cavity. […] At Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, each cancer has a wide range of treatments that can be used alone or in combination to give the best outcome for your specific cancer, including standard therapies and novel therapies only available in clinical trials. […] Most paranasal sinus and nasal cavity cancers get diagnosed at advanced stages. […] Treatments for these cancers include: […] In addition to a complete medical history and physical examination, procedures for diagnosing head and neck cancers may include the following: […] A biopsy, taking a sample of the suspicious tissue, is the only sure way to know if you have cancer. […] A procedure to look inside the nose for abnormal areas. […] The biopsy is removed from the primary tumor site in the head/neck area.

• #50 Modern diagnostic and treatment methods in paranasal sinus malignant tumors | Ulianova | South Russian Journal of Cancer

  https://www.cancersp.com/jour/article/view/143?locale=en_US

  Malignant tumors of the head and neck are still one of the most challenging problems of treatment in modern oncology. […] This article provides the most complete information about the causes, frequency and special features of the course of paranasal sinus cancer, as well as about modern methods of its diagnosis and combination treatment. […] Earlier detection of the disease requires primary care physicians to be trained to diagnose tumor lesions of the paranasal sinuses, and highly specialized physicians (dentists, otorhinolaryngologists, maxillofacial surgeons, dermatologists) to express their cancer alertness.

• #51 Nasal and sinus cancer | Macmillan Cancer Support

  https://www.macmillan.org.uk/cancer-information-and-support/head-and-neck-cancer/nasal-and-sinus-cancer

  Radiotherapy uses high-energy rays to destroy cancer cells. […] Chemotherapy uses anti-cancer drugs to destroy cancer cells. […] You will have regular follow-up appointments with your specialist doctor. These may continue for several years. […] If you have any problems or notice new symptoms between appointments, let your doctor or nurse know as soon as possible.

• #52 Paranasal Sinus Tumors | UMass Memorial Health

  https://www.ummhealth.org/health-library/paranasal-sinus-tumors

  Paranasal sinus tumors and their treatment may lead to these complications: Scarring from surgery, Long-term changes in vision, breathing, speech, chewing, or swallowing, caused by the tumor and/or surgery, Changes in the way you look, Nerve damage that can affect sensation in your face and movement in your face, shoulder, or arms, Side effects from treatment, such as pain, nausea, trouble eating, mouth sores, loss of teeth, and changes in taste, Cancer spreading to other parts of your body (metastasis). […] If you have a follow-up appointment, write down the date, time, and purpose for that visit.

• #53 Nose and Paranasal Sinus Tumors | Penn State Health

  https://www.pennstatehealth.org/services-treatments/nose-paranasal-sinus-tumors

  Surgery is usually the recommended treatment for nose and paranasal sinus tumors. […] Your doctor may recommend radiation, with or without chemotherapy, depending upon the extent of the cancer or if surgical treatment is not appropriate. […] After successful treatment, careful follow up is important. Your doctor needs to make sure no other head and neck cancer develops.

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