Materiały źródłowe

• #1 Fungal Nail Infections — DermNet

  https://dermnetnz.org/topics/fungal-nail-infections

  Fungal nail infections are also known as tinea unguium in the case of dermatophyte infections. […] Onychomycosis is common in older aged adults (over 65 years), diabetics, immunocompromised patients (especially those with HIV disease), and athletes. […] Predisposing patient factors include: chronic paronychia, hyperhidrosis (eg, with occlusive footwear), nail trauma, and using communal bathing or changing facilities. […] Onychomycosis can be due to infection with dermatophytes or non-dermatophytes such as moulds and yeasts. […] Emerging evidence of the role of biofilm in fungal nail disease may account for antifungal drug resistance and increased virulence. […] Onychomycosis may complicate other nail pathology such as trauma or psoriasis. […] Fungal nail infections are often regarded as a trivial cosmetic problem. However, the effect it may have on ones quality of life is undervalued as it can cause significant pain affecting full mobility and activities, and social stigma.

• #2 Toenail Fungus (Onychomycosis/Tinea Unguium): Symptoms & Causes

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/11303-toenail-fungus

  Toenail fungus is a widespread fungal infection that affects your toenails. […] Toenail fungus happens when fungi get between your toenail and your toenail bed (the tissue right underneath your toenail). […] When a dermatophyte causes toenail fungus, the condition is called tinea unguium. […] Dermatophytes cause 90% of toenail fungal infections. […] Toenail fungus is very common, especially as people start to age. […] Toenail fungus can be unsightly to look at, but it usually isn’t painful. […] Yes, many types of toenail fungi, including tinea unguium, are quite contagious. […] Toenail fungus is notoriously tricky to treat. […] You may need to treat tinea unguium for several months to get rid of the fungus. […] Tinea unguium treatment options include oral antifungal medication, topical medication, and laser treatments.

• #3

  https://myhealth.alberta.ca/Health/aftercareinformation/pages/conditions.aspx?hwid=ut3071

  A nail that is infected by a fungus usually turns white or yellow. As the fungus spreads, the nail turns a darker colour and gets thicker. And the nail edges start to turn ragged and crumble. A bad infection can cause pain, and the nail may pull away from the toe or finger. […] Nails that are exposed to moisture and warmth a lot are more likely to get infected by a fungus. This can happen from wearing sweaty shoes often and from walking barefoot on shower floors. Or it can happen if you share personal things, such as towels and nail clippers. […] It’s hard to treat nail fungus. And the infection can return after it has cleared up. But medicines can sometimes get rid of nail fungus for good. If the infection is very bad, or if it causes a lot of pain, you may need to have the nail removed.

• #4 Onychomycosis: Practice Essentials, Pathophysiology, Etiology

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1105828-overview

  Onychomycosis (OM) refers to a fungal infection that affects the toenails or the fingernails. It may involve any component of the nail unit, including the nail matrix, nail bed, or nail plate. Although OM is not life-threatening, it can cause pain, discomfort, and disfigurement and may produce serious physical and occupational limitations. Psychosocial and emotional effects resulting from onychomycosis are widespread and may have a significant impact on quality of life. […] Medications for onychomycosis can be administered topically or orally. A combination of topical and systemic treatment increases the cure rate. Adjunctive surgical measures may also be used. […] Topical therapy for onychomycosis is as follows: Ciclopirox olamine 8% nail lacquer solution, Amorolfine or bifonazole/urea (available outside the United States), Efinaconazole 10% topical solution, Tavaborole 0.5% topical solution, an oxaborole solution (boron-containing compound).

• #5 Fungal Nail Infections — DermNet

  https://dermnetnz.org/topics/fungal-nail-infections

  Fungal nail infections are also known as tinea unguium in the case of dermatophyte infections. […] Onychomycosis is common in older aged adults (over 65 years), diabetics, immunocompromised patients (especially those with HIV disease), and athletes. […] Predisposing patient factors include: chronic paronychia, hyperhidrosis (eg, with occlusive footwear), nail trauma, and using communal bathing or changing facilities. […] Onychomycosis can be due to infection with dermatophytes or non-dermatophytes such as moulds and yeasts. […] Emerging evidence of the role of biofilm in fungal nail disease may account for antifungal drug resistance and increased virulence. […] Onychomycosis may complicate other nail pathology such as trauma or psoriasis. […] Fungal nail infections are often regarded as a trivial cosmetic problem. However, the effect it may have on ones quality of life is undervalued as it can cause significant pain affecting full mobility and activities, and social stigma.

• #6 Fungal Nail Infections — DermNet

  https://dermnetnz.org/topics/fungal-nail-infections

  Fungal nail infections are also known as tinea unguium in the case of dermatophyte infections. […] Onychomycosis is common in older aged adults (over 65 years), diabetics, immunocompromised patients (especially those with HIV disease), and athletes. […] Predisposing patient factors include: chronic paronychia, hyperhidrosis (eg, with occlusive footwear), nail trauma, and using communal bathing or changing facilities. […] Onychomycosis can be due to infection with dermatophytes or non-dermatophytes such as moulds and yeasts. […] Emerging evidence of the role of biofilm in fungal nail disease may account for antifungal drug resistance and increased virulence. […] Onychomycosis may complicate other nail pathology such as trauma or psoriasis. […] Fungal nail infections are often regarded as a trivial cosmetic problem. However, the effect it may have on ones quality of life is undervalued as it can cause significant pain affecting full mobility and activities, and social stigma.

• #7 Fungal Nail Infections — DermNet

  https://dermnetnz.org/topics/fungal-nail-infections

  Fungal nail infections are also known as tinea unguium in the case of dermatophyte infections. […] Onychomycosis is common in older aged adults (over 65 years), diabetics, immunocompromised patients (especially those with HIV disease), and athletes. […] Predisposing patient factors include: chronic paronychia, hyperhidrosis (eg, with occlusive footwear), nail trauma, and using communal bathing or changing facilities. […] Onychomycosis can be due to infection with dermatophytes or non-dermatophytes such as moulds and yeasts. […] Emerging evidence of the role of biofilm in fungal nail disease may account for antifungal drug resistance and increased virulence. […] Onychomycosis may complicate other nail pathology such as trauma or psoriasis. […] Fungal nail infections are often regarded as a trivial cosmetic problem. However, the effect it may have on ones quality of life is undervalued as it can cause significant pain affecting full mobility and activities, and social stigma.

• #8 Fungal Nail Infection (Onychomycosis) Condition, Treatments and Pictures for Adults – Skinsight

  https://skinsight.com/skin-conditions/onychomycosis/

  Onychomycosis, commonly known as a fungal nail infection, is an infection of fingernails and toenails by forms of fungi, mold, and yeast. Fungal nail infections are quite common and account for nearly half of all nail disorders. In the most common form of fungal nail infections, fungus grows under the nail and spreads along the nail bed and the grooves on the sides of the nails. […] Fungal nail infection may occur at any age but is more common in older adults. It is also more common in males. People with diabetes and certain other medical conditions may be more likely than others to develop a fungal nail infection. Other predisposing factors include being immunosuppressed or having eczema, psoriasis, or Down syndrome. Fungal nail infections are also more common in people who wear tight shoes habitually, those who are obese, and those with excessive sweating (hyperhidrosis).

• #9 Fungal nail infection: MedlinePlus Medical EncyclopediaLock

  https://medlineplus.gov/ency/article/001330.htm

  Fungal nail infection is a fungus growing in and around your fingernail or toenail. […] Fungal nail infections often start after a fungal infection on the feet. They occur more often in toenails than in fingernails. They are most often seen in adults as they age. […] You are at higher risk of getting a fungal nail infection if you have any of the following: Diabetes, Peripheral vascular disease, Peripheral neuropathies, Minor skin or nail injuries, Deformed nail or nail disease, Moist skin for a long time, Immune system problems, Family history, Wear footwear that does not allow air to reach your feet. […] Symptoms include nail changes on one or more nails (usually toenails), such as: Brittleness, Change in nail shape, Crumbling of the outside edges of the nail, Debris trapped under the nail, Loosening or lifting of the nail, Loss of luster and shine on the nail surface, Thickening of the nail, White or yellow streaks on the side of the nail.

• #10

  https://myhealth.alberta.ca/Health/aftercareinformation/pages/conditions.aspx?hwid=ut3071

  A nail that is infected by a fungus usually turns white or yellow. As the fungus spreads, the nail turns a darker colour and gets thicker. And the nail edges start to turn ragged and crumble. A bad infection can cause pain, and the nail may pull away from the toe or finger. […] Nails that are exposed to moisture and warmth a lot are more likely to get infected by a fungus. This can happen from wearing sweaty shoes often and from walking barefoot on shower floors. Or it can happen if you share personal things, such as towels and nail clippers. […] It’s hard to treat nail fungus. And the infection can return after it has cleared up. But medicines can sometimes get rid of nail fungus for good. If the infection is very bad, or if it causes a lot of pain, you may need to have the nail removed.

• #11 Fungal nail infection: MedlinePlus Medical EncyclopediaLock

  https://medlineplus.gov/ency/article/001330.htm

  Fungal nail infection is a fungus growing in and around your fingernail or toenail. […] Fungal nail infections often start after a fungal infection on the feet. They occur more often in toenails than in fingernails. They are most often seen in adults as they age. […] You are at higher risk of getting a fungal nail infection if you have any of the following: Diabetes, Peripheral vascular disease, Peripheral neuropathies, Minor skin or nail injuries, Deformed nail or nail disease, Moist skin for a long time, Immune system problems, Family history, Wear footwear that does not allow air to reach your feet. […] Symptoms include nail changes on one or more nails (usually toenails), such as: Brittleness, Change in nail shape, Crumbling of the outside edges of the nail, Debris trapped under the nail, Loosening or lifting of the nail, Loss of luster and shine on the nail surface, Thickening of the nail, White or yellow streaks on the side of the nail.

• #12 Fungal Nail Infection (Onychomycosis) Condition, Treatments and Pictures for Adults – Skinsight

  https://skinsight.com/skin-conditions/onychomycosis/

  Fungal nail infection commonly starts as nail thickening, yellowish discoloration of the nail, and nail lifting from the nail bed (called onycholysis). When there is nail lifting, you may be able to see debris under the nails. The nails may eventually start to crumble, and you may lose the nail. […] To prevent spreading fungal nail infection to others and to avoid reinfection: Keep your nails clean and dry. Keep your nails short. Disinfect nail clippers after each use, and wash your hands after clipping infected nails. Avoid going to the nail salon. Do not apply nail polish or artificial nails to the infected nails. […] Your medical professional may perform testing, such as by scraping or clipping the nail and looking for fungal growth under a microscope. They may also recommend seeing a podiatrist to cut back long or thick nails.

• #13

  https://myhealth.alberta.ca/Health/aftercareinformation/pages/conditions.aspx?hwid=ut3071

  A nail that is infected by a fungus usually turns white or yellow. As the fungus spreads, the nail turns a darker colour and gets thicker. And the nail edges start to turn ragged and crumble. A bad infection can cause pain, and the nail may pull away from the toe or finger. […] Nails that are exposed to moisture and warmth a lot are more likely to get infected by a fungus. This can happen from wearing sweaty shoes often and from walking barefoot on shower floors. Or it can happen if you share personal things, such as towels and nail clippers. […] It’s hard to treat nail fungus. And the infection can return after it has cleared up. But medicines can sometimes get rid of nail fungus for good. If the infection is very bad, or if it causes a lot of pain, you may need to have the nail removed.

• #14 Fungal Nail Infections | Kaiser Permanente

  https://healthy.kaiserpermanente.org/health-wellness/health-encyclopedia/he.fungal-nail-infections.hw268101

  A fungal nail infection is an infection that occurs when a fungus gets into your fingernail, toenail, or nail bed. […] A fungal nail infection usually isn’t painful. But over time, you may be uncomfortable or even have pain when you wear shoes, walk, or stand for a long time. […] Treatment often starts with antifungal medicine. […] For a mild fungal nail infection, try an antifungal cream, gel, or polish that you put on your nail. […] To stop the infection from coming back, keep your nails clean and dry. Change socks often. Don’t go barefoot in public places. And try not to share personal things like towels and nail clippers. […] Applying a topical antifungal medicine may help prevent repeat infections. […] Dry skin and nails are less likely to get infected. Put powder on your dry feet or hands after you take a shower or bath. […] Let your shoes air out for at least 24 hours before you wear them again. […] Change them if your feet get damp or sweaty. […] Let them dry between uses. […] Avoid injuring your nail. Cutting nails too short is a common cause of nail injury.

• #15 Onychomycosis: Rapid Evidence Review | AAFP

  https://www.aafp.org/pubs/afp/issues/2021/1000/p359.html

  Onychomycosis is a chronic fungal infection of the fingernail or toenail bed leading to brittle, discolored, and thickened nails. Onychomycosis is not just a cosmetic problem. Untreated onychomycosis can cause pain, discomfort, and physical impairment, negatively impacting quality of life. […] Accurate diagnosis is important before initiating treatment because therapy is lengthy and can cause adverse effects. […] Treatment decisions should be based on severity, comorbidities, and patient preference. Oral terbinafine is preferred over topical therapy because of better effectiveness and shorter treatment duration. […] Nail trimming and debridement used concurrently with pharmacologic therapy improve treatment response. […] Preventive measures such as avoiding walking barefoot in public places and disinfecting shoes and socks are thought to reduce the 25% relapse rate.

• #16 Nail fungus – Diagnosis and treatment – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/nail-fungus/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20353300

  Your health care provider will examine your nails and perhaps take some nail clippings or scrape debris from under your nail. These samples are sent to a lab to identify the cause of your symptoms. […] Treatment for toenail fungus isn’t always needed. And sometimes self-care and nonprescription products clear up the infection. Talk with your health care provider if your condition doesn’t improve. Treatment depends on the severity of your condition and the type of fungus causing it. It can take months to see results. And even if your nail condition improves, repeat infections are common. […] Your health care provider may prescribe antifungal drugs that you take by mouth (orally) or apply to the nail. […] Your health care provider might suggest temporary removal of the nail so that the antifungal drug can be applied directly to the infection under the nail.

• #17

  https://bpac.org.nz/2025/fungal-nails.aspx

  Fungal nail infection (onychomycosis) is a common clinical problem, especially in older adults, and can significantly impact quality of life. Laboratory confirmation is recommended before initiating treatment. Both oral and topical antifungals are available for patients who wish to proceed with treatment; prescribing decisions are determined by severity of infection, co-morbidities, potential for medicines interactions and preference. […] Laboratory diagnosis of onychomycosis with microscopy and culture of nail clippings is recommended before starting oral or topical treatment. Microscopy results are usually available within a few days. However, culture can take up to four weeks to confirm the causative organism. […] Treatment may not be necessary for all patients and specific medicines may be inappropriate in some cases, e.g. patients with frailty, co-morbidities, taking multiple medicines or with limited mobility (to apply treatment to toenails).

• #18

  https://bpac.org.nz/2025/fungal-nails.aspx

  Microscopy of a sample of the affected nail plate can identify fungal elements and mycological culture determines the causative organism. […] The goal of treatment is to eliminate the causative organism and restore normal nail appearance, however, specific treatment options may not always be necessary or appropriate, e.g. patients with frailty, multiple co-morbidities, limited mobility or taking multiple medicines. […] Oral antifungal treatment (terbinafine, itraconazole) is typically prescribed in preference to topical treatment (amorolfine, ciclopirox) in most clinical situations as it is more effective, and treatment duration is shorter. […] Terbinafine is the first-line treatment for patients with confirmed dermatophyte onychomycosis. […] Oral antifungal resistance is rising. […] Topical treatments can be considered when onychomycosis does not involve the nail matrix (i.e. superficial white onychomycosis, early distal or lateral subungual onychomycosis) and only affects one or two nails. […] Monitor treatment response as nail grows. […] Address insufficient treatment response. […] Ongoing prophylaxis to reduce recurrence. […] Provide lifestyle advice to reduce recurrence.

• #19

  https://bpac.org.nz/2025/fungal-nails.aspx

  Fungal nail infection (onychomycosis) is a common clinical problem, especially in older adults, and can significantly impact quality of life. Laboratory confirmation is recommended before initiating treatment. Both oral and topical antifungals are available for patients who wish to proceed with treatment; prescribing decisions are determined by severity of infection, co-morbidities, potential for medicines interactions and preference. […] Laboratory diagnosis of onychomycosis with microscopy and culture of nail clippings is recommended before starting oral or topical treatment. Microscopy results are usually available within a few days. However, culture can take up to four weeks to confirm the causative organism. […] Treatment may not be necessary for all patients and specific medicines may be inappropriate in some cases, e.g. patients with frailty, co-morbidities, taking multiple medicines or with limited mobility (to apply treatment to toenails).

• #20 Staying one step ahead of toenail fungus – Harvard Health

  https://www.health.harvard.edu/diseases-and-conditions/staying-one-step-ahead-of-toenail-fungus

  Toenail fungus isn’t a pressing health problem. Yet a fungal infection can ruin the appearance of your nails and cause pain as it lifts the nail away from the nail bed. And fungal infections are notoriously difficult to get rid of. Most often, you should consider fungal toenail a condition to be managed rather than cured. […] A number of conditions can masquerade as fungal infections. […] You should see a health care professional as soon as you notice your nail changing. […] Only a lab test on a scraping from your toenail can show for certain that fungus is responsible for your nail distortion. […] Whether you’re trying to clear up a fungal infection or hoping to avoid getting one, the following can help. […] There are a myriad of treatments for fungal infections, which vary widely in cost and effectiveness.

• #21 Nursing Care Plan For Onychomycosis – Made For Medical

  https://www.madeformedical.com/nursing-care-plan-for-onychomycosis/

  Onychomycosis, commonly known as fungal nail infection, is a prevalent and often chronic condition affecting the nails, primarily the toenails. […] The nursing care plan for onychomycosis focuses on holistic assessment, evidence-based interventions, and patient education to promote effective management and improve outcomes for individuals with this condition. […] Key components of the nursing care plan for onychomycosis include assessment of nail changes, identification of risk factors, implementation of topical and systemic antifungal therapies, patient education on foot hygiene and self-care practices, and monitoring for treatment response and adverse effects. […] By conducting a comprehensive nursing assessment for onychomycosis, nurses can gather essential information to inform diagnosis, treatment planning, and patient education.

• #22 Nursing Care Plan For Onychomycosis – Made For Medical

  https://www.madeformedical.com/nursing-care-plan-for-onychomycosis/

  Onychomycosis, commonly known as fungal nail infection, is a prevalent and often chronic condition affecting the nails, primarily the toenails. […] The nursing care plan for onychomycosis focuses on holistic assessment, evidence-based interventions, and patient education to promote effective management and improve outcomes for individuals with this condition. […] Key components of the nursing care plan for onychomycosis include assessment of nail changes, identification of risk factors, implementation of topical and systemic antifungal therapies, patient education on foot hygiene and self-care practices, and monitoring for treatment response and adverse effects. […] By conducting a comprehensive nursing assessment for onychomycosis, nurses can gather essential information to inform diagnosis, treatment planning, and patient education.

• #23 Nursing Care Plan For Onychomycosis – Made For Medical

  https://www.madeformedical.com/nursing-care-plan-for-onychomycosis/

  Onychomycosis, commonly known as fungal nail infection, is a prevalent and often chronic condition affecting the nails, primarily the toenails. […] The nursing care plan for onychomycosis focuses on holistic assessment, evidence-based interventions, and patient education to promote effective management and improve outcomes for individuals with this condition. […] Key components of the nursing care plan for onychomycosis include assessment of nail changes, identification of risk factors, implementation of topical and systemic antifungal therapies, patient education on foot hygiene and self-care practices, and monitoring for treatment response and adverse effects. […] By conducting a comprehensive nursing assessment for onychomycosis, nurses can gather essential information to inform diagnosis, treatment planning, and patient education.

• #24 Toenail Fungus: Care Instructions | Kaiser Permanente

  https://healthy.kaiserpermanente.org/health-wellness/health-encyclopedia/he.toenail-fungus-care-instructions.ut3071

  A nail that is infected by a fungus usually turns white or yellow. As the fungus spreads, the nail turns a darker color and gets thicker. And the nail edges start to turn ragged and crumble. A bad infection can cause pain, and the nail may pull away from the toe or finger. […] It’s hard to treat nail fungus. And the infection can return after it has cleared up. But medicines can sometimes get rid of nail fungus for good. If the infection is very bad, or if it causes a lot of pain, you may need to have the nail removed. […] Follow-up care is a key part of your treatment and safety. Be sure to make and go to all appointments, and call your doctor if you are having problems. It’s also a good idea to know your test results and keep a list of the medicines you take. […] Take your medicines exactly as prescribed. Call your doctor if you have any problems with your medicine.

• #25 Onychomycosis: Rapid Evidence Review | AAFP

  https://www.aafp.org/pubs/afp/issues/2021/1000/p359.html

  Although topical therapy is less effective and more expensive than oral therapy, it can be used as an alternative first-line treatment in patients with superficial onychomycosis or early distal lateral subungual onychomycosis because of low risks of adverse effects and minimal drug-drug interactions. […] Nail trimming and debridement can be used with oral or topical pharmacologic therapy to increase treatment effectiveness. […] Dual-wavelength infrared and fractional carbon-dioxide laser therapy are FDA approved for temporary cosmetic improvement of nails based on low-level evidence and small RCTs. […] The relapse rate of onychomycosis is 20% to 25%, with the condition likely to recur within two years of successful therapy. […] Based on expert opinion, avoiding walking barefoot in public places may help prevent recurrence.

• #26 Fungal Nail Infections — DermNet

  https://dermnetnz.org/topics/fungal-nail-infections

  Treatment aims to eliminate the offending organism and restore the nail to health and a normal appearance. […] Mild infections affecting less than 50% of one or two nails may respond to topical antifungal medication, but cure usually requires an oral antifungal medication for several months. […] Treatment should be individualised, and the patient should be counselled for the estimated time to cure. […] Strategies to prevent recurrence include: Keeping feet cool and dry; avoid using occlusive footwear and excessive sweating. […] Approximately 2025% of treated onychomycosis unfortunately relapse due to patient or pathogen factors such as poor circulation, advancing age, diabetes, immunosuppression, severe fungal nail clinical findings, mixed infections, and incomplete treatment.

• #27 Onychomycosis: Rapid Evidence Review | AAFP

  https://www.aafp.org/pubs/afp/issues/2021/1000/p359.html

  Onychomycosis is a chronic fungal infection of the fingernail or toenail bed leading to brittle, discolored, and thickened nails. Onychomycosis is not just a cosmetic problem. Untreated onychomycosis can cause pain, discomfort, and physical impairment, negatively impacting quality of life. […] Accurate diagnosis is important before initiating treatment because therapy is lengthy and can cause adverse effects. […] Treatment decisions should be based on severity, comorbidities, and patient preference. Oral terbinafine is preferred over topical therapy because of better effectiveness and shorter treatment duration. […] Nail trimming and debridement used concurrently with pharmacologic therapy improve treatment response. […] Preventive measures such as avoiding walking barefoot in public places and disinfecting shoes and socks are thought to reduce the 25% relapse rate.

• #28 Fungal Nail Infections — DermNet

  https://dermnetnz.org/topics/fungal-nail-infections

  Treatment aims to eliminate the offending organism and restore the nail to health and a normal appearance. […] Mild infections affecting less than 50% of one or two nails may respond to topical antifungal medication, but cure usually requires an oral antifungal medication for several months. […] Treatment should be individualised, and the patient should be counselled for the estimated time to cure. […] Strategies to prevent recurrence include: Keeping feet cool and dry; avoid using occlusive footwear and excessive sweating. […] Approximately 2025% of treated onychomycosis unfortunately relapse due to patient or pathogen factors such as poor circulation, advancing age, diabetes, immunosuppression, severe fungal nail clinical findings, mixed infections, and incomplete treatment.

• #29 Onychomycosis: Practice Essentials, Pathophysiology, Etiology

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1105828-overview

  Onychomycosis (OM) refers to a fungal infection that affects the toenails or the fingernails. It may involve any component of the nail unit, including the nail matrix, nail bed, or nail plate. Although OM is not life-threatening, it can cause pain, discomfort, and disfigurement and may produce serious physical and occupational limitations. Psychosocial and emotional effects resulting from onychomycosis are widespread and may have a significant impact on quality of life. […] Medications for onychomycosis can be administered topically or orally. A combination of topical and systemic treatment increases the cure rate. Adjunctive surgical measures may also be used. […] Topical therapy for onychomycosis is as follows: Ciclopirox olamine 8% nail lacquer solution, Amorolfine or bifonazole/urea (available outside the United States), Efinaconazole 10% topical solution, Tavaborole 0.5% topical solution, an oxaborole solution (boron-containing compound).

• #30 Nail fungus: Diagnosis and treatment

  https://www.aad.org/public/diseases/a-z/nail-fungus-treatment

  The US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has approved the following medicines that you apply to the nail to treat nail fungus: Amorolfine, Ciclopirox, Efinaconazole, Tavaborole. […] If you need more-aggressive treatment, your dermatologist may prescribe antifungal pills. These have a higher cure rate than medicine you apply to your nails. […] Antifungal pills also work more quickly than medicine applied to the nails. Taking antifungal pills for two months can cure an infection under the fingernails. Usually three months of treatment cures a toenail fungal infection. […] Sometimes, nail fungus is hard to clear. Studies show that taking antifungal pills and applying medicine to your nails can be more effective than using either treatment alone. […] If you have a severe infection or other treatments just dont work, your dermatologist may recommend removing the nail(s) to get rid of the infection.

• #31 Nail fungus: Diagnosis and treatment

  https://www.aad.org/public/diseases/a-z/nail-fungus-treatment

  To find out if a patient has nail fungus, a dermatologist examines your nails and nearby skin. Its important to check the skin because the fungus can spread. You may already have a skin infection caused by fungus like athletes foot. […] Treatment usually begins with your dermatologist trimming your infected nail(s), cutting back each infected nail to the place where it attaches to your finger or toe. Your dermatologist may also scrape away debris under the nail. This helps get rid of some fungus. […] To completely get rid of the infection, most people also need one or more of the following treatments: […] If you have a mild infection, a medicine that you apply to your nails may get rid of the infection. This treatment helps keep new fungus out while the nails grow. Fingernails typically grow out in four to six months. Toenails take longer, usually takes 12 to 18 months.

• #32 Fungal nail infection | NHS inform

  https://www.nhsinform.scot/illnesses-and-conditions/skin-hair-and-nails/fungal-nail-infection/

  A fungal nail infection is when the the nail becomes thick, discoloured and easy to break. Its not a serious infection but it can take a long time to treat. […] A pharmacist can help if you think you have a fungal nail infection. You should speak to a pharmacist if the look of your nail bothers you or its painful. […] A fungal nail infection is unlikely to get better without treatment. However, treatments can take a long time and can sometimes cause side effects. […] A pharmacist may suggest an antifungal nail medicine that you brush onto the nail. […] You should keep using the treatment until youre told to stop. Stopping too early could cause the infection to return. […] If treatments from a pharmacy dont work, your GP may prescribe antifungal tablets. […] Sometimes badly infected nails need to be removed. This is a small procedure thats done while the area is numbed under local anaesthetic.

• #33 Onychomycosis: Rapid Evidence Review | AAFP

  https://www.aafp.org/pubs/afp/issues/2021/1000/p359.html

  Although topical therapy is less effective and more expensive than oral therapy, it can be used as an alternative first-line treatment in patients with superficial onychomycosis or early distal lateral subungual onychomycosis because of low risks of adverse effects and minimal drug-drug interactions. […] Nail trimming and debridement can be used with oral or topical pharmacologic therapy to increase treatment effectiveness. […] Dual-wavelength infrared and fractional carbon-dioxide laser therapy are FDA approved for temporary cosmetic improvement of nails based on low-level evidence and small RCTs. […] The relapse rate of onychomycosis is 20% to 25%, with the condition likely to recur within two years of successful therapy. […] Based on expert opinion, avoiding walking barefoot in public places may help prevent recurrence.

• #34 Onychomycosis: Rapid Evidence Review | AAFP

  https://www.aafp.org/pubs/afp/issues/2021/1000/p359.html

  Onychomycosis can have a significant impact on quality of life and will progress if left untreated. […] Oral therapy is the most effective treatment for onychomycosis of any severity. […] Terbinafine is the most effective oral agent based on its high clinical cure rate (complete nail clearance) and mycologic cure rate (negative microscopy and culture results) and should be recommended as first-line therapy. […] Continuous itraconazole (Sporanox) therapy is FDA approved for toenail onychomycosis, and a pulse-dosing regimen (i.e., interval treatment cycles) is approved for fingernail onychomycosis. […] It is important for clinicians to counsel patients about realistic expectations for complete cure because fingernails typically take three to six months to completely regrow and toenails can take up to 18 months.

• #35 Onychomycosis: Rapid Evidence Review | AAFP

  https://www.aafp.org/pubs/afp/issues/2021/1000/p359.html

  Onychomycosis can have a significant impact on quality of life and will progress if left untreated. […] Oral therapy is the most effective treatment for onychomycosis of any severity. […] Terbinafine is the most effective oral agent based on its high clinical cure rate (complete nail clearance) and mycologic cure rate (negative microscopy and culture results) and should be recommended as first-line therapy. […] Continuous itraconazole (Sporanox) therapy is FDA approved for toenail onychomycosis, and a pulse-dosing regimen (i.e., interval treatment cycles) is approved for fingernail onychomycosis. […] It is important for clinicians to counsel patients about realistic expectations for complete cure because fingernails typically take three to six months to completely regrow and toenails can take up to 18 months.

• #36 Onychomycosis: Practice Essentials, Pathophysiology, Etiology

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1105828-overview

  Oral therapy for onychomycosis is as follows: Terbinafine, Itraconazole, Fluconazole and posaconazole are off-label alternatives. […] Nonpharmacologic approaches include the following: Laser treatment, Photodynamic therapy, Mechanical, chemical, or surgical nail avulsion, Chemical removal with a 40-50% urea compound in patients with very thick nails, Removal of the nail plate as an adjunct to oral therapy. […] Patients should be educated about the use of appropriate footwear, especially in high-exposure areas such as communal bathing facilities and health clubs. Following treatment, patients must be advised that nails may not appear normal for up to 1 year, and prophylactic antifungal therapy may be required to prevent reinfection of the skin and the nails.

• #37 Nail fungus: Diagnosis and treatment

  https://www.aad.org/public/diseases/a-z/nail-fungus-treatment

  The US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has approved the following medicines that you apply to the nail to treat nail fungus: Amorolfine, Ciclopirox, Efinaconazole, Tavaborole. […] If you need more-aggressive treatment, your dermatologist may prescribe antifungal pills. These have a higher cure rate than medicine you apply to your nails. […] Antifungal pills also work more quickly than medicine applied to the nails. Taking antifungal pills for two months can cure an infection under the fingernails. Usually three months of treatment cures a toenail fungal infection. […] Sometimes, nail fungus is hard to clear. Studies show that taking antifungal pills and applying medicine to your nails can be more effective than using either treatment alone. […] If you have a severe infection or other treatments just dont work, your dermatologist may recommend removing the nail(s) to get rid of the infection.

• #38 Fungal Nail Infection (Onychomycosis) Condition, Treatments and Pictures for Adults – Skinsight

  https://skinsight.com/skin-conditions/onychomycosis/

  Depending on the severity of infection, your medical professional may prescribe: Topical therapy with ciclopirox nail lacquer or efinaconazole nail solution, which requires daily application for many months. Prescription-strength urea cream to thin out the nail, which also requires application for many months. Oral antifungal treatments offer the best chance for curing fungal nail infection. The most commonly used agents are terbinafine, itraconazole, and fluconazole. The medications may cause liver problems or may affect blood cell counts; therefore, blood tests are usually performed before starting therapy and during therapy. […] See your medical professional if you think you may have nail fungus so they can discuss further treatment approaches and look for possible underlying conditions.

• #39 Fungal Nail Treatment in Bedford | MyFootMedic

  https://myfootmedic.com/services/fungal-nail-treatment/

  If you’re seeking the best treatment for fungal nails, it’s essential to have a professional diagnosis first. Optimised treatment first requires an accurate diagnosis of the type of infection present, there are multiple types of fungal infection that can impact the nails and the treatment will vary depending on the type of infection. […] My Foot Medic provides a range of services to treat fungal nail infections and prevent their recurrence. These services include prescription and non-prescription medication, antibiotics, reduction or resection of the nail, nail plate micro-penetration, nail surgery, and advice on foot care and footwear to prevent further fungal nail infections. […] The most effective treatment for fungal nails often involves a comprehensive approach that addresses the infection at multiple levels. This may include a combination of topical antifungal medications, and in some cases, surgical intervention to remove the infected nail.

• #40 Nail fungus: Diagnosis and treatment

  https://www.aad.org/public/diseases/a-z/nail-fungus-treatment

  The US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has approved the following medicines that you apply to the nail to treat nail fungus: Amorolfine, Ciclopirox, Efinaconazole, Tavaborole. […] If you need more-aggressive treatment, your dermatologist may prescribe antifungal pills. These have a higher cure rate than medicine you apply to your nails. […] Antifungal pills also work more quickly than medicine applied to the nails. Taking antifungal pills for two months can cure an infection under the fingernails. Usually three months of treatment cures a toenail fungal infection. […] Sometimes, nail fungus is hard to clear. Studies show that taking antifungal pills and applying medicine to your nails can be more effective than using either treatment alone. […] If you have a severe infection or other treatments just dont work, your dermatologist may recommend removing the nail(s) to get rid of the infection.

• #41 Onychomycosis: Rapid Evidence Review | AAFP

  https://www.aafp.org/pubs/afp/issues/2021/1000/p359.html

  Onychomycosis is a chronic fungal infection of the fingernail or toenail bed leading to brittle, discolored, and thickened nails. Onychomycosis is not just a cosmetic problem. Untreated onychomycosis can cause pain, discomfort, and physical impairment, negatively impacting quality of life. […] Accurate diagnosis is important before initiating treatment because therapy is lengthy and can cause adverse effects. […] Treatment decisions should be based on severity, comorbidities, and patient preference. Oral terbinafine is preferred over topical therapy because of better effectiveness and shorter treatment duration. […] Nail trimming and debridement used concurrently with pharmacologic therapy improve treatment response. […] Preventive measures such as avoiding walking barefoot in public places and disinfecting shoes and socks are thought to reduce the 25% relapse rate.

• #42 Nail fungus – Diagnosis and treatment – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/nail-fungus/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20353300

  Often, you can take care of a fungal nail infection at home: […] Trim and thin the nails. This helps reduce pain by reducing pressure on the nails. Also, if you do this before applying an antifungal, the drug can reach deeper layers of the nail. […] Before trimming or using a nail file to thin thick nails, soften them with urea-containing creams. See a health care provider for foot care if you have a condition that causes poor blood flow to your feet.

• #43 Onychomycosis: Practice Essentials, Pathophysiology, Etiology

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1105828-overview

  Oral therapy for onychomycosis is as follows: Terbinafine, Itraconazole, Fluconazole and posaconazole are off-label alternatives. […] Nonpharmacologic approaches include the following: Laser treatment, Photodynamic therapy, Mechanical, chemical, or surgical nail avulsion, Chemical removal with a 40-50% urea compound in patients with very thick nails, Removal of the nail plate as an adjunct to oral therapy. […] Patients should be educated about the use of appropriate footwear, especially in high-exposure areas such as communal bathing facilities and health clubs. Following treatment, patients must be advised that nails may not appear normal for up to 1 year, and prophylactic antifungal therapy may be required to prevent reinfection of the skin and the nails.

• #44 Onychomycosis: Rapid Evidence Review | AAFP

  https://www.aafp.org/pubs/afp/issues/2021/1000/p359.html

  Although topical therapy is less effective and more expensive than oral therapy, it can be used as an alternative first-line treatment in patients with superficial onychomycosis or early distal lateral subungual onychomycosis because of low risks of adverse effects and minimal drug-drug interactions. […] Nail trimming and debridement can be used with oral or topical pharmacologic therapy to increase treatment effectiveness. […] Dual-wavelength infrared and fractional carbon-dioxide laser therapy are FDA approved for temporary cosmetic improvement of nails based on low-level evidence and small RCTs. […] The relapse rate of onychomycosis is 20% to 25%, with the condition likely to recur within two years of successful therapy. […] Based on expert opinion, avoiding walking barefoot in public places may help prevent recurrence.

• #45 Fungal nail infection | NHS inform

  https://www.nhsinform.scot/illnesses-and-conditions/skin-hair-and-nails/fungal-nail-infection/

  A fungal nail infection is when the the nail becomes thick, discoloured and easy to break. Its not a serious infection but it can take a long time to treat. […] A pharmacist can help if you think you have a fungal nail infection. You should speak to a pharmacist if the look of your nail bothers you or its painful. […] A fungal nail infection is unlikely to get better without treatment. However, treatments can take a long time and can sometimes cause side effects. […] A pharmacist may suggest an antifungal nail medicine that you brush onto the nail. […] You should keep using the treatment until youre told to stop. Stopping too early could cause the infection to return. […] If treatments from a pharmacy dont work, your GP may prescribe antifungal tablets. […] Sometimes badly infected nails need to be removed. This is a small procedure thats done while the area is numbed under local anaesthetic.

• #46 What Are The Best Toenail Fungus Treatments? – Scripps Health

  https://www.scripps.org/news_items/7235-which-toenail-fungus-treatment-is-best

  If your symptoms do not get better with home treatment, make an appointment with your primary care physician or a podiatrist. […] In severe cases that do not respond to treatment, the infected nail may be surgically removed in order to treat the nail bed; a healthy nail can then grow back. […] Unfortunately, toenail fungus can be stubborn the recurrence rate can be as high as 40 percent. […] If your toenail fungus keeps coming back despite taking preventive measures, see your primary care doctor or podiatrist, says Dr. Ly. Something else may be causing it, or you may need a different approach. Your doctor can get to the root of the problem and determine the best course of action.

• #47 Nursing Care Plan For Onychomycosis – Made For Medical

  https://www.madeformedical.com/nursing-care-plan-for-onychomycosis/

  These nursing diagnoses provide a framework for addressing the multifaceted needs of individuals with onychomycosis, guiding the development of tailored interventions to promote nail health, prevent complications, and improve overall well-being. […] By implementing these nursing interventions, nurses can support patients in managing onychomycosis effectively, promoting nail health, and improving overall well-being. […] In conclusion, the nursing care plan for onychomycosis is designed to address the complex needs of individuals affected by fungal nail infection, with the overarching goal of promoting nail health, preventing complications, and enhancing overall well-being. […] Key components of the nursing care plan include the provision of topical and systemic antifungal therapy, nail debridement, foot hygiene education, footwear modification, patient education, and counseling. […] In implementing the nursing care plan for onychomycosis, nurses also play a vital role in empowering patients to take an active role in their care, promoting self-management strategies, and enhancing adherence to treatment regimens.

• #48 Nursing Care Plan For Onychomycosis – Made For Medical

  https://www.madeformedical.com/nursing-care-plan-for-onychomycosis/

  These nursing diagnoses provide a framework for addressing the multifaceted needs of individuals with onychomycosis, guiding the development of tailored interventions to promote nail health, prevent complications, and improve overall well-being. […] By implementing these nursing interventions, nurses can support patients in managing onychomycosis effectively, promoting nail health, and improving overall well-being. […] In conclusion, the nursing care plan for onychomycosis is designed to address the complex needs of individuals affected by fungal nail infection, with the overarching goal of promoting nail health, preventing complications, and enhancing overall well-being. […] Key components of the nursing care plan include the provision of topical and systemic antifungal therapy, nail debridement, foot hygiene education, footwear modification, patient education, and counseling. […] In implementing the nursing care plan for onychomycosis, nurses also play a vital role in empowering patients to take an active role in their care, promoting self-management strategies, and enhancing adherence to treatment regimens.

• #49 Fungal Skin Disease Nursing Management – RNpedia

  https://www.rnpedia.com/nursing-notes/medical-surgical-nursing-notes/fungal-skin-disease-nursing-management/

  Is a chronic fungal infection of the toenails and less commonly of the fingernails. Usually caused by Trichophyton species or Candida albicans, it may represent lifetime fungal infection of the feet. […] Provide nursing care for the client with tinea unguium. […] Administer prescribed medications, including griseofulvin, an antifungal, orally for up to 1 year. […] Advise the client that response to medication is poor at best; frequently when the treatment is stopped, the infection returns.

• #50 Nursing Care Plan For Onychomycosis – Made For Medical

  https://www.madeformedical.com/nursing-care-plan-for-onychomycosis/

  These nursing diagnoses provide a framework for addressing the multifaceted needs of individuals with onychomycosis, guiding the development of tailored interventions to promote nail health, prevent complications, and improve overall well-being. […] By implementing these nursing interventions, nurses can support patients in managing onychomycosis effectively, promoting nail health, and improving overall well-being. […] In conclusion, the nursing care plan for onychomycosis is designed to address the complex needs of individuals affected by fungal nail infection, with the overarching goal of promoting nail health, preventing complications, and enhancing overall well-being. […] Key components of the nursing care plan include the provision of topical and systemic antifungal therapy, nail debridement, foot hygiene education, footwear modification, patient education, and counseling. […] In implementing the nursing care plan for onychomycosis, nurses also play a vital role in empowering patients to take an active role in their care, promoting self-management strategies, and enhancing adherence to treatment regimens.

• #51

  https://myhealth.alberta.ca/Health/aftercareinformation/pages/conditions.aspx?hwid=ut3071

  Follow-up care is a key part of your treatment and safety. Be sure to make and go to all appointments, and call your doctor or nurse advice line (811 in most provinces and territories) if you are having problems. It’s also a good idea to know your test results and keep a list of the medicines you take. […] Take your medicines exactly as prescribed. Call your doctor or nurse advice line if you have any problems with your medicine. […] If your doctor gave you a cream or liquid to put on your nail, use it exactly as directed. […] Wash your hands and feet often, and wash your hands after touching your feet. […] Keep your nails clean and dry. Dry your feet completely after you bathe and before you put on shoes and socks. […] Keep your nails trimmed. […] Change socks often. Wear dry socks that absorb moisture.

• #52 Nail fungus – Diagnosis and treatment – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/nail-fungus/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20353300

  Often, you can take care of a fungal nail infection at home: […] Trim and thin the nails. This helps reduce pain by reducing pressure on the nails. Also, if you do this before applying an antifungal, the drug can reach deeper layers of the nail. […] Before trimming or using a nail file to thin thick nails, soften them with urea-containing creams. See a health care provider for foot care if you have a condition that causes poor blood flow to your feet.

• #53

  https://myhealth.alberta.ca/Health/aftercareinformation/pages/conditions.aspx?hwid=ut3071

  Follow-up care is a key part of your treatment and safety. Be sure to make and go to all appointments, and call your doctor or nurse advice line (811 in most provinces and territories) if you are having problems. It’s also a good idea to know your test results and keep a list of the medicines you take. […] Take your medicines exactly as prescribed. Call your doctor or nurse advice line if you have any problems with your medicine. […] If your doctor gave you a cream or liquid to put on your nail, use it exactly as directed. […] Wash your hands and feet often, and wash your hands after touching your feet. […] Keep your nails clean and dry. Dry your feet completely after you bathe and before you put on shoes and socks. […] Keep your nails trimmed. […] Change socks often. Wear dry socks that absorb moisture.

• #54 Toenail Fungus: Care Instructions | Kaiser Permanente

  https://healthy.kaiserpermanente.org/health-wellness/health-encyclopedia/he.toenail-fungus-care-instructions.ut3071

  If your doctor gave you a cream or liquid to put on your nail, use it exactly as directed. […] Wash your hands and feet often, and wash your hands after touching your feet. […] Keep your nails clean and dry. Dry your feet completely after you bathe and before you put on shoes and socks. […] Keep your nails trimmed. […] Change socks often. Wear dry socks that absorb moisture. […] Don’t go barefoot in public places. […] Use a spray or powder that fights fungus on your feet and in your shoes. […] Don’t pick at the skin around your nails. […] Don’t use nail polish or fake nails on your nails. […] Don’t share personal things, such as towels and nail clippers. […] Call your doctor now or seek immediate medical care if: You have signs of infection, such as: Increased pain, swelling, warmth, or redness. Red streaks leading from the site. Pus draining from the site. A fever. […] You have new or increased toe pain. […] Watch closely for changes in your health, and be sure to contact your doctor if: You do not get better as expected.

• #55 Fungal nail infection

  https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/fungal-nail-infection/

  You’re more likely to get an infection if you wear trainers for a long time and have hot, sweaty feet. […] treat athlete’s foot as soon as possible to avoid it spreading to nails. […] keep your nails short. […] keep your feet clean and dry. […] wear clean socks every day. […] wear flip-flops in showers at the gym or pool. […] wear shoes that fit well and do not have high heels or narrow toes. […] do not wear shoes that make your feet hot and sweaty. […] do not share towels. […] do not wear other people’s shoes. […] do not share nail clippers or scissors.

• #56 Fungal Infections of Fingernails and Toenails | AAFP

  https://www.aafp.org/pubs/afp/issues/2001/0215/p677.html

  Here are some things you can do to take care of your nails while you have a fungal nail infection: Keep your nails cut short and file down any thick areas. Don’t use the same nail trimmer or file on healthy and infected nails. If you have your nails professionally manicured, you should bring your own nail files and trimmers from home. Wear waterproof gloves for wet work (like washing dishes or floors). To protect your fingers, wear 100 percent cotton gloves for dry work. Wear 100 percent cotton socks. Change your socks when they are damp from sweat or if your feet get wet. Put on clean, dry socks every day. You can put over-the-counter antifungal foot powder inside your socks to help keep your feet dry. Wear shoes with good support and a wide toe area. Don’t wear pointed shoes that press your toes together.

• #57 Nursing Care Plan For Onychomycosis – Made For Medical

  https://www.madeformedical.com/nursing-care-plan-for-onychomycosis/

  These nursing diagnoses provide a framework for addressing the multifaceted needs of individuals with onychomycosis, guiding the development of tailored interventions to promote nail health, prevent complications, and improve overall well-being. […] By implementing these nursing interventions, nurses can support patients in managing onychomycosis effectively, promoting nail health, and improving overall well-being. […] In conclusion, the nursing care plan for onychomycosis is designed to address the complex needs of individuals affected by fungal nail infection, with the overarching goal of promoting nail health, preventing complications, and enhancing overall well-being. […] Key components of the nursing care plan include the provision of topical and systemic antifungal therapy, nail debridement, foot hygiene education, footwear modification, patient education, and counseling. […] In implementing the nursing care plan for onychomycosis, nurses also play a vital role in empowering patients to take an active role in their care, promoting self-management strategies, and enhancing adherence to treatment regimens.

• #58 Onychomycosis: Practice Essentials, Pathophysiology, Etiology

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1105828-overview

  Oral therapy for onychomycosis is as follows: Terbinafine, Itraconazole, Fluconazole and posaconazole are off-label alternatives. […] Nonpharmacologic approaches include the following: Laser treatment, Photodynamic therapy, Mechanical, chemical, or surgical nail avulsion, Chemical removal with a 40-50% urea compound in patients with very thick nails, Removal of the nail plate as an adjunct to oral therapy. […] Patients should be educated about the use of appropriate footwear, especially in high-exposure areas such as communal bathing facilities and health clubs. Following treatment, patients must be advised that nails may not appear normal for up to 1 year, and prophylactic antifungal therapy may be required to prevent reinfection of the skin and the nails.

• #59 Nursing Care Plan For Onychomycosis – Made For Medical

  https://www.madeformedical.com/nursing-care-plan-for-onychomycosis/

  These nursing diagnoses provide a framework for addressing the multifaceted needs of individuals with onychomycosis, guiding the development of tailored interventions to promote nail health, prevent complications, and improve overall well-being. […] By implementing these nursing interventions, nurses can support patients in managing onychomycosis effectively, promoting nail health, and improving overall well-being. […] In conclusion, the nursing care plan for onychomycosis is designed to address the complex needs of individuals affected by fungal nail infection, with the overarching goal of promoting nail health, preventing complications, and enhancing overall well-being. […] Key components of the nursing care plan include the provision of topical and systemic antifungal therapy, nail debridement, foot hygiene education, footwear modification, patient education, and counseling. […] In implementing the nursing care plan for onychomycosis, nurses also play a vital role in empowering patients to take an active role in their care, promoting self-management strategies, and enhancing adherence to treatment regimens.

• #60 Nursing Care Plan For Onychomycosis – Made For Medical

  https://www.madeformedical.com/nursing-care-plan-for-onychomycosis/

  These nursing diagnoses provide a framework for addressing the multifaceted needs of individuals with onychomycosis, guiding the development of tailored interventions to promote nail health, prevent complications, and improve overall well-being. […] By implementing these nursing interventions, nurses can support patients in managing onychomycosis effectively, promoting nail health, and improving overall well-being. […] In conclusion, the nursing care plan for onychomycosis is designed to address the complex needs of individuals affected by fungal nail infection, with the overarching goal of promoting nail health, preventing complications, and enhancing overall well-being. […] Key components of the nursing care plan include the provision of topical and systemic antifungal therapy, nail debridement, foot hygiene education, footwear modification, patient education, and counseling. […] In implementing the nursing care plan for onychomycosis, nurses also play a vital role in empowering patients to take an active role in their care, promoting self-management strategies, and enhancing adherence to treatment regimens.

• #61

  https://myhealth.alberta.ca/Health/aftercareinformation/pages/conditions.aspx?hwid=ut3071

  Follow-up care is a key part of your treatment and safety. Be sure to make and go to all appointments, and call your doctor or nurse advice line (811 in most provinces and territories) if you are having problems. It’s also a good idea to know your test results and keep a list of the medicines you take. […] Take your medicines exactly as prescribed. Call your doctor or nurse advice line if you have any problems with your medicine. […] If your doctor gave you a cream or liquid to put on your nail, use it exactly as directed. […] Wash your hands and feet often, and wash your hands after touching your feet. […] Keep your nails clean and dry. Dry your feet completely after you bathe and before you put on shoes and socks. […] Keep your nails trimmed. […] Change socks often. Wear dry socks that absorb moisture.

• #62 Nail fungus: Diagnosis and treatment

  https://www.aad.org/public/diseases/a-z/nail-fungus-treatment

  With treatment, many people can get rid of nail fungus. Even when the fungus clears, your nail(s) may look unhealthy until the infected nail grows out. A fingernail grows out in 4 to 6 months and a toenail in 12 to 18 months. […] To clear the fungus, its important to: Use the treatment exactly as prescribed, Apply (or take) the medicine for as long as prescribed, Keep all follow-up appointments with your dermatologist. […] Nail fungus can be stubborn. If you had a severe infection, its possible to clear the infection. A healthy looking nail, however, may be unrealistic, but you can expect the nail to look better and feel more comfortable.

• #63

  https://myhealth.alberta.ca/Health/aftercareinformation/pages/conditions.aspx?hwid=bo1465

  Before bed, wash and dry your child’s feet or hands well. If the doctor has said to use a topical antifungal medicine, put this medicine directly on your child’s skin or nail. […] Keep your child’s feet and hands dry. Dry skin and nails are less likely to get infected. Put powder on dry feet or hands after a shower or bath. […] Have your child wear dry cotton socks. Change them 2 or 3 times a day if needed. […] Have your child wear sandals or dry roomy shoes made of materials that allow moisture to escape. Avoid tight shoes. […] Have your child wear shower sandals or shoes at a public pool or shower. Let them dry between uses. […] Don’t let your child share shoes, socks, nail clippers, or nail files with others. […] Help your child avoid nail injury. For example, don’t cut the nails too short.

• #64 Toenail Fungus: Care Instructions | Kaiser Permanente

  https://healthy.kaiserpermanente.org/health-wellness/health-encyclopedia/he.toenail-fungus-care-instructions.ut3071

  If your doctor gave you a cream or liquid to put on your nail, use it exactly as directed. […] Wash your hands and feet often, and wash your hands after touching your feet. […] Keep your nails clean and dry. Dry your feet completely after you bathe and before you put on shoes and socks. […] Keep your nails trimmed. […] Change socks often. Wear dry socks that absorb moisture. […] Don’t go barefoot in public places. […] Use a spray or powder that fights fungus on your feet and in your shoes. […] Don’t pick at the skin around your nails. […] Don’t use nail polish or fake nails on your nails. […] Don’t share personal things, such as towels and nail clippers. […] Call your doctor now or seek immediate medical care if: You have signs of infection, such as: Increased pain, swelling, warmth, or redness. Red streaks leading from the site. Pus draining from the site. A fever. […] You have new or increased toe pain. […] Watch closely for changes in your health, and be sure to contact your doctor if: You do not get better as expected.

• #65

  https://myhealth.alberta.ca/Health/aftercareinformation/pages/conditions.aspx?hwid=bo1465

  Before bed, wash and dry your child’s feet or hands well. If the doctor has said to use a topical antifungal medicine, put this medicine directly on your child’s skin or nail. […] Keep your child’s feet and hands dry. Dry skin and nails are less likely to get infected. Put powder on dry feet or hands after a shower or bath. […] Have your child wear dry cotton socks. Change them 2 or 3 times a day if needed. […] Have your child wear sandals or dry roomy shoes made of materials that allow moisture to escape. Avoid tight shoes. […] Have your child wear shower sandals or shoes at a public pool or shower. Let them dry between uses. […] Don’t let your child share shoes, socks, nail clippers, or nail files with others. […] Help your child avoid nail injury. For example, don’t cut the nails too short.

• #66 Fungal Infections of Fingernails and Toenails | AAFP

  https://www.aafp.org/pubs/afp/issues/2001/0215/p677.html

  Here are some things you can do to take care of your nails while you have a fungal nail infection: Keep your nails cut short and file down any thick areas. Don’t use the same nail trimmer or file on healthy and infected nails. If you have your nails professionally manicured, you should bring your own nail files and trimmers from home. Wear waterproof gloves for wet work (like washing dishes or floors). To protect your fingers, wear 100 percent cotton gloves for dry work. Wear 100 percent cotton socks. Change your socks when they are damp from sweat or if your feet get wet. Put on clean, dry socks every day. You can put over-the-counter antifungal foot powder inside your socks to help keep your feet dry. Wear shoes with good support and a wide toe area. Don’t wear pointed shoes that press your toes together.

• #67 Fungal nail infection

  https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/fungal-nail-infection/

  You’re more likely to get an infection if you wear trainers for a long time and have hot, sweaty feet. […] treat athlete’s foot as soon as possible to avoid it spreading to nails. […] keep your nails short. […] keep your feet clean and dry. […] wear clean socks every day. […] wear flip-flops in showers at the gym or pool. […] wear shoes that fit well and do not have high heels or narrow toes. […] do not wear shoes that make your feet hot and sweaty. […] do not share towels. […] do not wear other people’s shoes. […] do not share nail clippers or scissors.

• #68

  https://myhealth.alberta.ca/Health/aftercareinformation/pages/conditions.aspx?hwid=bo1465

  Before bed, wash and dry your child’s feet or hands well. If the doctor has said to use a topical antifungal medicine, put this medicine directly on your child’s skin or nail. […] Keep your child’s feet and hands dry. Dry skin and nails are less likely to get infected. Put powder on dry feet or hands after a shower or bath. […] Have your child wear dry cotton socks. Change them 2 or 3 times a day if needed. […] Have your child wear sandals or dry roomy shoes made of materials that allow moisture to escape. Avoid tight shoes. […] Have your child wear shower sandals or shoes at a public pool or shower. Let them dry between uses. […] Don’t let your child share shoes, socks, nail clippers, or nail files with others. […] Help your child avoid nail injury. For example, don’t cut the nails too short.

• #69

  https://bpac.org.nz/2025/fungal-nails.aspx

  Antifungal treatment selection depends on the causative organism and patient factors: Oral terbinafine is first-line treatment for dermatophyte onychomycosis. […] Ensure the patient has realistic expectations regarding long-term outcomes. Successful antifungal treatment can take years and nail appearance may never completely return to normal. […] It is recommended to confirm onychomycosis via laboratory diagnosis prior to initiating oral antifungal treatment. […] Ask about any prescription or over-the-counter treatments the patient has already trialled. Antifungals may persist in the specimen even after treatment has ceased, inhibiting fungal growth and leading to false negative cultures and delaying confirmation. […] Collect nail clippings at presentation or refer the patient to a laboratory for specimen collection.

• #70 Nail fungus: Diagnosis and treatment

  https://www.aad.org/public/diseases/a-z/nail-fungus-treatment

  With treatment, many people can get rid of nail fungus. Even when the fungus clears, your nail(s) may look unhealthy until the infected nail grows out. A fingernail grows out in 4 to 6 months and a toenail in 12 to 18 months. […] To clear the fungus, its important to: Use the treatment exactly as prescribed, Apply (or take) the medicine for as long as prescribed, Keep all follow-up appointments with your dermatologist. […] Nail fungus can be stubborn. If you had a severe infection, its possible to clear the infection. A healthy looking nail, however, may be unrealistic, but you can expect the nail to look better and feel more comfortable.

• #71 Fungal Nail Infection: Causes, Symptoms, and Treatment

  https://patient.info/infections/fungal-nail-infection-tinea-unguium

  Fungal infection of nails (tinea unguium) is common, particularly in toenails in the elderly. The infection causes thickened and unsightly nails which sometimes become painful. Medication often works well to clear the infection but you may need to take medication for several months or longer. […] Treatment is usually advised if: Symptoms are troublesome. For example, if walking is uncomfortable due to an affected nail. […] Medication needs to be taken as directed. […] Tips on nail care with a fungal nail infection, with or without taking medication, include the following: Keeping the nails cut short and file down any thickened nail. […] Studies suggest that in about 1 in 4 cases where the fungal nail infection (tinea unguium) has been cleared from the nail, the infection returns within three years. One way to help prevent a further bout of nail infection is to treat athlete’s foot (tinea pedis) as early as possible to stop the infection spreading to the nail.

• #72 Fungal Nail Infections | Kaiser Permanente

  https://healthy.kaiserpermanente.org/health-wellness/health-encyclopedia/he.fungal-nail-infections.hw268101

  A fungal nail infection is an infection that occurs when a fungus gets into your fingernail, toenail, or nail bed. […] A fungal nail infection usually isn’t painful. But over time, you may be uncomfortable or even have pain when you wear shoes, walk, or stand for a long time. […] Treatment often starts with antifungal medicine. […] For a mild fungal nail infection, try an antifungal cream, gel, or polish that you put on your nail. […] To stop the infection from coming back, keep your nails clean and dry. Change socks often. Don’t go barefoot in public places. And try not to share personal things like towels and nail clippers. […] Applying a topical antifungal medicine may help prevent repeat infections. […] Dry skin and nails are less likely to get infected. Put powder on your dry feet or hands after you take a shower or bath. […] Let your shoes air out for at least 24 hours before you wear them again. […] Change them if your feet get damp or sweaty. […] Let them dry between uses. […] Avoid injuring your nail. Cutting nails too short is a common cause of nail injury.

• #73

  https://myhealth.alberta.ca/Health/aftercareinformation/pages/conditions.aspx?hwid=bo1465

  A nail that is infected by a fungus usually turns white or yellow. As the fungus spreads, the nail turns a darker colour and gets thicker. And its edges start to turn ragged and crumble. A bad infection can cause pain, and the nail may pull away from the toe or finger. […] It is hard to treat nail fungus. And the infection can return after it has cleared up. But medicines can sometimes get rid of nail fungus for good. If the infection is very bad, or if it causes a lot of pain, your child may need to have the nail removed. […] Follow-up care is a key part of your child’s treatment and safety. Be sure to make and go to all appointments, and call your doctor or nurse advice line (811 in most provinces and territories) if your child is having problems. It’s also a good idea to know your child’s test results and keep a list of the medicines your child takes.

• #74

  https://myhealth.alberta.ca/Health/aftercareinformation/pages/conditions.aspx?hwid=bo1465

  Before bed, wash and dry your child’s feet or hands well. If the doctor has said to use a topical antifungal medicine, put this medicine directly on your child’s skin or nail. […] Keep your child’s feet and hands dry. Dry skin and nails are less likely to get infected. Put powder on dry feet or hands after a shower or bath. […] Have your child wear dry cotton socks. Change them 2 or 3 times a day if needed. […] Have your child wear sandals or dry roomy shoes made of materials that allow moisture to escape. Avoid tight shoes. […] Have your child wear shower sandals or shoes at a public pool or shower. Let them dry between uses. […] Don’t let your child share shoes, socks, nail clippers, or nail files with others. […] Help your child avoid nail injury. For example, don’t cut the nails too short.

• #75

  https://myhealth.alberta.ca/Health/aftercareinformation/pages/conditions.aspx?hwid=bo1465

  If you take your child to get their fingernails or toenails done, ask the nail salon if they disinfect tools and basins between guests. You might want to think about bringing your own tools. […] Call your doctor or nurse advice line now or seek immediate medical care if your child has signs of infection, such as: Increased pain, swelling, warmth, or redness. Red streaks leading from the site. Pus draining from the site. A fever. […] Watch closely for changes in your child’s health, and be sure to contact your doctor or nurse advice line if your child does not get better as expected.

• #76

  https://myhealth.alberta.ca/Health/aftercareinformation/pages/conditions.aspx?hwid=bo1465

  If you take your child to get their fingernails or toenails done, ask the nail salon if they disinfect tools and basins between guests. You might want to think about bringing your own tools. […] Call your doctor or nurse advice line now or seek immediate medical care if your child has signs of infection, such as: Increased pain, swelling, warmth, or redness. Red streaks leading from the site. Pus draining from the site. A fever. […] Watch closely for changes in your child’s health, and be sure to contact your doctor or nurse advice line if your child does not get better as expected.

• #77

  https://bpac.org.nz/2025/fungal-nails.aspx

  Microscopy of a sample of the affected nail plate can identify fungal elements and mycological culture determines the causative organism. […] The goal of treatment is to eliminate the causative organism and restore normal nail appearance, however, specific treatment options may not always be necessary or appropriate, e.g. patients with frailty, multiple co-morbidities, limited mobility or taking multiple medicines. […] Oral antifungal treatment (terbinafine, itraconazole) is typically prescribed in preference to topical treatment (amorolfine, ciclopirox) in most clinical situations as it is more effective, and treatment duration is shorter. […] Terbinafine is the first-line treatment for patients with confirmed dermatophyte onychomycosis. […] Oral antifungal resistance is rising. […] Topical treatments can be considered when onychomycosis does not involve the nail matrix (i.e. superficial white onychomycosis, early distal or lateral subungual onychomycosis) and only affects one or two nails. […] Monitor treatment response as nail grows. […] Address insufficient treatment response. […] Ongoing prophylaxis to reduce recurrence. […] Provide lifestyle advice to reduce recurrence.

• #78 Fungal nail infection

  https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/fungal-nail-infection/

  You may have a fungal nail infection if your nail is brittle, discoloured or thicker than usual. These types of infections are not serious but they can take a long time to treat. […] Speak to a pharmacist if the look of your nail bothers you or it’s painful. […] They may suggest trying an antifungal nail medicine that you brush onto the affected nail. […] The infection is cured when you see healthy nail growing back at the base. […] A GP can prescribe antifungal tablets if you have a fungal nail infection and treatments from a pharmacy have not worked. […] You may need to take antifungal tablets for up to 6 months. […] Badly infected nails sometimes need to be removed. It’s a small procedure done while the area is numbed (under local anaesthetic). […] You can get a fungal nail infection if your feet are constantly warm and damp.

• #79 Nail fungus: Diagnosis and treatment

  https://www.aad.org/public/diseases/a-z/nail-fungus-treatment

  With treatment, many people can get rid of nail fungus. Even when the fungus clears, your nail(s) may look unhealthy until the infected nail grows out. A fingernail grows out in 4 to 6 months and a toenail in 12 to 18 months. […] To clear the fungus, its important to: Use the treatment exactly as prescribed, Apply (or take) the medicine for as long as prescribed, Keep all follow-up appointments with your dermatologist. […] Nail fungus can be stubborn. If you had a severe infection, its possible to clear the infection. A healthy looking nail, however, may be unrealistic, but you can expect the nail to look better and feel more comfortable.

• #80 Nail fungus: Diagnosis and treatment

  https://www.aad.org/public/diseases/a-z/nail-fungus-treatment

  With treatment, many people can get rid of nail fungus. Even when the fungus clears, your nail(s) may look unhealthy until the infected nail grows out. A fingernail grows out in 4 to 6 months and a toenail in 12 to 18 months. […] To clear the fungus, its important to: Use the treatment exactly as prescribed, Apply (or take) the medicine for as long as prescribed, Keep all follow-up appointments with your dermatologist. […] Nail fungus can be stubborn. If you had a severe infection, its possible to clear the infection. A healthy looking nail, however, may be unrealistic, but you can expect the nail to look better and feel more comfortable.

• #81 Fungal nail infection

  https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/fungal-nail-infection/

  You may have a fungal nail infection if your nail is brittle, discoloured or thicker than usual. These types of infections are not serious but they can take a long time to treat. […] Speak to a pharmacist if the look of your nail bothers you or it’s painful. […] They may suggest trying an antifungal nail medicine that you brush onto the affected nail. […] The infection is cured when you see healthy nail growing back at the base. […] A GP can prescribe antifungal tablets if you have a fungal nail infection and treatments from a pharmacy have not worked. […] You may need to take antifungal tablets for up to 6 months. […] Badly infected nails sometimes need to be removed. It’s a small procedure done while the area is numbed (under local anaesthetic). […] You can get a fungal nail infection if your feet are constantly warm and damp.

• #82

  https://myhealth.alberta.ca/Health/aftercareinformation/pages/conditions.aspx?hwid=ut3071

  Don’t go barefoot in public places. […] Use a spray or powder that fights fungus on your feet and in your shoes. […] Don’t pick at the skin around your nails. […] Don’t use nail polish or fake nails on your nails. […] Don’t share personal things, such as towels and nail clippers. […] Call your doctor or nurse advice line now or seek immediate medical care if: You have signs of infection, such as: Increased pain, swelling, warmth, or redness. Red streaks leading from the site. Pus draining from the site. A fever. […] You have new or increased toe pain. […] Watch closely for changes in your health, and be sure to contact your doctor or nurse advice line if: You do not get better as expected.

• #83 Toenail Fungus: Care Instructions | Kaiser Permanente

  https://healthy.kaiserpermanente.org/health-wellness/health-encyclopedia/he.toenail-fungus-care-instructions.ut3071

  If your doctor gave you a cream or liquid to put on your nail, use it exactly as directed. […] Wash your hands and feet often, and wash your hands after touching your feet. […] Keep your nails clean and dry. Dry your feet completely after you bathe and before you put on shoes and socks. […] Keep your nails trimmed. […] Change socks often. Wear dry socks that absorb moisture. […] Don’t go barefoot in public places. […] Use a spray or powder that fights fungus on your feet and in your shoes. […] Don’t pick at the skin around your nails. […] Don’t use nail polish or fake nails on your nails. […] Don’t share personal things, such as towels and nail clippers. […] Call your doctor now or seek immediate medical care if: You have signs of infection, such as: Increased pain, swelling, warmth, or redness. Red streaks leading from the site. Pus draining from the site. A fever. […] You have new or increased toe pain. […] Watch closely for changes in your health, and be sure to contact your doctor if: You do not get better as expected.

• #84

  https://myhealth.alberta.ca/Health/aftercareinformation/pages/conditions.aspx?hwid=bo1465

  If you take your child to get their fingernails or toenails done, ask the nail salon if they disinfect tools and basins between guests. You might want to think about bringing your own tools. […] Call your doctor or nurse advice line now or seek immediate medical care if your child has signs of infection, such as: Increased pain, swelling, warmth, or redness. Red streaks leading from the site. Pus draining from the site. A fever. […] Watch closely for changes in your child’s health, and be sure to contact your doctor or nurse advice line if your child does not get better as expected.

• #85 Fungal Nail Infections: Symptoms Causes, Treatment, and Prevention

  https://www.webmd.com/skin-problems-and-treatments/fungal-nail-infections

  A fungal nail infection is a common condition that can leave you with brittle, discolored nails, usually on your toes. […] Symptoms are different, depending on which type of fungal nail infection you have. They usually start mild and get more serious. […] See your doctor if you think you have nail fungus. You may need a prescription to treat it, whether that means taking a medicine by mouth or using a special cream. […] Treatments include: Oral antifungals. The doctor may give you a pill to kill fungus in your whole body. This is usually the best way to get rid of a nail infection. […] To prevent an infection, wash your hands and feet often. Use soap, and make sure you get between your fingers and toes. […] Its especially important to take care of a fungal nail infection if you have diabetes. You’re at greater risk of getting a serious skin infection.

• #86 Nail fungus – Symptoms and causes – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/nail-fungus/symptoms-causes/syc-20353294

  Nail fungus can cause the nail to become thick, ragged and discolored. An infected nail may separate from the nail bed. […] If your nail fungus is painful and has caused thickened nails, self-care steps and medications may help. But even if treatment is successful, nail fungus often comes back. […] You may want to see a health care provider if self-care steps haven’t helped and the nail becomes increasingly discolored, thickened or misshapen. […] A severe case of nail fungus can be painful and may cause permanent damage to your nails. And it may lead to other serious infections that spread beyond your feet if you have a suppressed immune system due to medication, diabetes or other conditions. […] The following habits can help prevent nail fungus or reinfections and athlete’s foot, which can lead to nail fungus: Keep your nails clean and dry. Wash your hands and feet regularly. Wash your hands after touching an infected nail. Dry well, apply an antifungal foot powder and moisturize your nails. Consider applying a nail hardener, which might help strengthen nails and cuticles. […] If you have athlete’s foot, treat it with an antifungal product.

• #87 Onychomycosis: Rapid Evidence Review | AAFP

  https://www.aafp.org/pubs/afp/issues/2021/1000/p359.html

  Although topical therapy is less effective and more expensive than oral therapy, it can be used as an alternative first-line treatment in patients with superficial onychomycosis or early distal lateral subungual onychomycosis because of low risks of adverse effects and minimal drug-drug interactions. […] Nail trimming and debridement can be used with oral or topical pharmacologic therapy to increase treatment effectiveness. […] Dual-wavelength infrared and fractional carbon-dioxide laser therapy are FDA approved for temporary cosmetic improvement of nails based on low-level evidence and small RCTs. […] The relapse rate of onychomycosis is 20% to 25%, with the condition likely to recur within two years of successful therapy. […] Based on expert opinion, avoiding walking barefoot in public places may help prevent recurrence.

• #88 Fungal Nail Infections — DermNet

  https://dermnetnz.org/topics/fungal-nail-infections

  Treatment aims to eliminate the offending organism and restore the nail to health and a normal appearance. […] Mild infections affecting less than 50% of one or two nails may respond to topical antifungal medication, but cure usually requires an oral antifungal medication for several months. […] Treatment should be individualised, and the patient should be counselled for the estimated time to cure. […] Strategies to prevent recurrence include: Keeping feet cool and dry; avoid using occlusive footwear and excessive sweating. […] Approximately 2025% of treated onychomycosis unfortunately relapse due to patient or pathogen factors such as poor circulation, advancing age, diabetes, immunosuppression, severe fungal nail clinical findings, mixed infections, and incomplete treatment.

• #89 Nail fungus – Symptoms and causes – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/nail-fungus/symptoms-causes/syc-20353294

  Nail fungus can cause the nail to become thick, ragged and discolored. An infected nail may separate from the nail bed. […] If your nail fungus is painful and has caused thickened nails, self-care steps and medications may help. But even if treatment is successful, nail fungus often comes back. […] You may want to see a health care provider if self-care steps haven’t helped and the nail becomes increasingly discolored, thickened or misshapen. […] A severe case of nail fungus can be painful and may cause permanent damage to your nails. And it may lead to other serious infections that spread beyond your feet if you have a suppressed immune system due to medication, diabetes or other conditions. […] The following habits can help prevent nail fungus or reinfections and athlete’s foot, which can lead to nail fungus: Keep your nails clean and dry. Wash your hands and feet regularly. Wash your hands after touching an infected nail. Dry well, apply an antifungal foot powder and moisturize your nails. Consider applying a nail hardener, which might help strengthen nails and cuticles. […] If you have athlete’s foot, treat it with an antifungal product.

• #90 Onychomycosis: Practice Essentials, Pathophysiology, Etiology

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1105828-overview

  Oral therapy for onychomycosis is as follows: Terbinafine, Itraconazole, Fluconazole and posaconazole are off-label alternatives. […] Nonpharmacologic approaches include the following: Laser treatment, Photodynamic therapy, Mechanical, chemical, or surgical nail avulsion, Chemical removal with a 40-50% urea compound in patients with very thick nails, Removal of the nail plate as an adjunct to oral therapy. […] Patients should be educated about the use of appropriate footwear, especially in high-exposure areas such as communal bathing facilities and health clubs. Following treatment, patients must be advised that nails may not appear normal for up to 1 year, and prophylactic antifungal therapy may be required to prevent reinfection of the skin and the nails.

• #91 Fungal Nail Infection: Causes, Symptoms, and Treatment

  https://patient.info/infections/fungal-nail-infection-tinea-unguium

  Fungal infection of nails (tinea unguium) is common, particularly in toenails in the elderly. The infection causes thickened and unsightly nails which sometimes become painful. Medication often works well to clear the infection but you may need to take medication for several months or longer. […] Treatment is usually advised if: Symptoms are troublesome. For example, if walking is uncomfortable due to an affected nail. […] Medication needs to be taken as directed. […] Tips on nail care with a fungal nail infection, with or without taking medication, include the following: Keeping the nails cut short and file down any thickened nail. […] Studies suggest that in about 1 in 4 cases where the fungal nail infection (tinea unguium) has been cleared from the nail, the infection returns within three years. One way to help prevent a further bout of nail infection is to treat athlete’s foot (tinea pedis) as early as possible to stop the infection spreading to the nail.

• #92 Twelve ways to prevent another nail infection

  https://www.aad.org/public/diseases/a-z/prevent-another-nail-infection

  Fungal infections are contagious, so you can get another one. Taking the following precautions can reduce your risk. […] If you just finished treating nail fungus, throw away shoes, boots, skates, and other footwear that you wore before you started treatment. […] Sprinkle antifungal powder in your shoes. These products cannot treat a fungal nail infection, but they can help prevent fungus from growing in your shoes. […] If you get athletes foot, treat it right away. Fungi also cause athletes foot. This fungal infection can spread to your nails. […] Following these precautions will reduce your risk of getting another infection. Fungal infection, however, are very common. You can get another one. Early treatment delivers the best outcome. […] If you notice any signs of infection, make an appointment to see your dermatologist.

• #93 Fungal nail infection

  https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/fungal-nail-infection/

  You’re more likely to get an infection if you wear trainers for a long time and have hot, sweaty feet. […] treat athlete’s foot as soon as possible to avoid it spreading to nails. […] keep your nails short. […] keep your feet clean and dry. […] wear clean socks every day. […] wear flip-flops in showers at the gym or pool. […] wear shoes that fit well and do not have high heels or narrow toes. […] do not wear shoes that make your feet hot and sweaty. […] do not share towels. […] do not wear other people’s shoes. […] do not share nail clippers or scissors.

• #94 Fungal Nail Infections | Kaiser Permanente

  https://healthy.kaiserpermanente.org/health-wellness/health-encyclopedia/he.fungal-nail-infections.hw268101

  A fungal nail infection is an infection that occurs when a fungus gets into your fingernail, toenail, or nail bed. […] A fungal nail infection usually isn’t painful. But over time, you may be uncomfortable or even have pain when you wear shoes, walk, or stand for a long time. […] Treatment often starts with antifungal medicine. […] For a mild fungal nail infection, try an antifungal cream, gel, or polish that you put on your nail. […] To stop the infection from coming back, keep your nails clean and dry. Change socks often. Don’t go barefoot in public places. And try not to share personal things like towels and nail clippers. […] Applying a topical antifungal medicine may help prevent repeat infections. […] Dry skin and nails are less likely to get infected. Put powder on your dry feet or hands after you take a shower or bath. […] Let your shoes air out for at least 24 hours before you wear them again. […] Change them if your feet get damp or sweaty. […] Let them dry between uses. […] Avoid injuring your nail. Cutting nails too short is a common cause of nail injury.

• #95 Fungal nail infection

  https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/fungal-nail-infection/

  You’re more likely to get an infection if you wear trainers for a long time and have hot, sweaty feet. […] treat athlete’s foot as soon as possible to avoid it spreading to nails. […] keep your nails short. […] keep your feet clean and dry. […] wear clean socks every day. […] wear flip-flops in showers at the gym or pool. […] wear shoes that fit well and do not have high heels or narrow toes. […] do not wear shoes that make your feet hot and sweaty. […] do not share towels. […] do not wear other people’s shoes. […] do not share nail clippers or scissors.

• #96 Twelve ways to prevent another nail infection

  https://www.aad.org/public/diseases/a-z/prevent-another-nail-infection

  Fungal infections are contagious, so you can get another one. Taking the following precautions can reduce your risk. […] If you just finished treating nail fungus, throw away shoes, boots, skates, and other footwear that you wore before you started treatment. […] Sprinkle antifungal powder in your shoes. These products cannot treat a fungal nail infection, but they can help prevent fungus from growing in your shoes. […] If you get athletes foot, treat it right away. Fungi also cause athletes foot. This fungal infection can spread to your nails. […] Following these precautions will reduce your risk of getting another infection. Fungal infection, however, are very common. You can get another one. Early treatment delivers the best outcome. […] If you notice any signs of infection, make an appointment to see your dermatologist.

• #97 Fungal Nail Infections | Kaiser Permanente

  https://healthy.kaiserpermanente.org/health-wellness/health-encyclopedia/he.fungal-nail-infections.hw268101

  A fungal nail infection is an infection that occurs when a fungus gets into your fingernail, toenail, or nail bed. […] A fungal nail infection usually isn’t painful. But over time, you may be uncomfortable or even have pain when you wear shoes, walk, or stand for a long time. […] Treatment often starts with antifungal medicine. […] For a mild fungal nail infection, try an antifungal cream, gel, or polish that you put on your nail. […] To stop the infection from coming back, keep your nails clean and dry. Change socks often. Don’t go barefoot in public places. And try not to share personal things like towels and nail clippers. […] Applying a topical antifungal medicine may help prevent repeat infections. […] Dry skin and nails are less likely to get infected. Put powder on your dry feet or hands after you take a shower or bath. […] Let your shoes air out for at least 24 hours before you wear them again. […] Change them if your feet get damp or sweaty. […] Let them dry between uses. […] Avoid injuring your nail. Cutting nails too short is a common cause of nail injury.

• #98 Twelve ways to prevent another nail infection

  https://www.aad.org/public/diseases/a-z/prevent-another-nail-infection

  Fungal infections are contagious, so you can get another one. Taking the following precautions can reduce your risk. […] If you just finished treating nail fungus, throw away shoes, boots, skates, and other footwear that you wore before you started treatment. […] Sprinkle antifungal powder in your shoes. These products cannot treat a fungal nail infection, but they can help prevent fungus from growing in your shoes. […] If you get athletes foot, treat it right away. Fungi also cause athletes foot. This fungal infection can spread to your nails. […] Following these precautions will reduce your risk of getting another infection. Fungal infection, however, are very common. You can get another one. Early treatment delivers the best outcome. […] If you notice any signs of infection, make an appointment to see your dermatologist.

• #99 Fungal Nail Infection: Overview, Causes & Treatments

  https://www.healthline.com/health/fungal-nail-infection

  Over-the-counter products arent usually recommended to treat nail infections since they dont provide reliable results. Instead, your doctor may prescribe an oral antifungal medication. […] Treatment isnt guaranteed to completely rid your body of the fungal infection. Complications from fungal infection are also possible. […] Making a few simple lifestyle changes can help prevent a fungal infection of the nails. Taking good care of your nails by keeping them well trimmed and clean is a good way to prevent infections. […] Its especially important to see your doctor if you have diabetes and a fungal nail infection. People with diabetes have a greater risk for developing potentially serious complications caused by these infections.

• #100 Onychomycosis – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK441853/

  The most effective treatments for onychomycosis are systemic antifungals. Due to an increased risk of subungual ulceration, one also should consider oral antifungal therapy in moderate to severe disease, especially in patients with diabetes mellitus. Combination therapy with topical agents, periodic debridement, or chemical nail avulsion may produce better results than systemic medication alone. […] To control symptoms and reduce the risks of subungual ulceration and secondary bacterial infection, clinicians can use periodic debridement to successfully manage severe onychomycosis in patients who elect to avoid systemic therapy or cannot apply topical antifungals. […] The effective management of onychomycosis requires an interprofessional approach. While the fungal infection is not life-threatening, this condition has enormous morbidity, and the key to success is patient education. […] Even though antifungal drugs are available, the treatment often takes months or years before one sees an obvious improvement.

• #101 Nails – fingernail and toenail problems | Better Health Channel

  https://www.betterhealth.vic.gov.au/health/conditionsandtreatments/nails-fingernail-and-toenail-problems

  People with diabetes or compromised immune systems have a higher risk of fungal nail infections. […] Fungal infections, such as tinea, are spread from one person to another and can affect the fingernails or toenails. Without treatment, the nail bed itself can become infected. People with diabetes or with compromised immune systems are at higher risk of fungal infection. […] Treatment for fungal infection includes: Antifungal preparations applied topically (directly to the nail) or taken orally (by mouth) […] Professional trimming, shaping and care of the toenail by your podiatrist.

• #102 Fungal Nail Infections — DermNet

  https://dermnetnz.org/topics/fungal-nail-infections

  Fungal nail infections are also known as tinea unguium in the case of dermatophyte infections. […] Onychomycosis is common in older aged adults (over 65 years), diabetics, immunocompromised patients (especially those with HIV disease), and athletes. […] Predisposing patient factors include: chronic paronychia, hyperhidrosis (eg, with occlusive footwear), nail trauma, and using communal bathing or changing facilities. […] Onychomycosis can be due to infection with dermatophytes or non-dermatophytes such as moulds and yeasts. […] Emerging evidence of the role of biofilm in fungal nail disease may account for antifungal drug resistance and increased virulence. […] Onychomycosis may complicate other nail pathology such as trauma or psoriasis. […] Fungal nail infections are often regarded as a trivial cosmetic problem. However, the effect it may have on ones quality of life is undervalued as it can cause significant pain affecting full mobility and activities, and social stigma.

• #103 Fungal nail infection: MedlinePlus Medical EncyclopediaLock

  https://medlineplus.gov/ency/article/001330.htm

  Fungal nail infection is a fungus growing in and around your fingernail or toenail. […] Fungal nail infections often start after a fungal infection on the feet. They occur more often in toenails than in fingernails. They are most often seen in adults as they age. […] You are at higher risk of getting a fungal nail infection if you have any of the following: Diabetes, Peripheral vascular disease, Peripheral neuropathies, Minor skin or nail injuries, Deformed nail or nail disease, Moist skin for a long time, Immune system problems, Family history, Wear footwear that does not allow air to reach your feet. […] Symptoms include nail changes on one or more nails (usually toenails), such as: Brittleness, Change in nail shape, Crumbling of the outside edges of the nail, Debris trapped under the nail, Loosening or lifting of the nail, Loss of luster and shine on the nail surface, Thickening of the nail, White or yellow streaks on the side of the nail.

• #104 Can a RN work with a fungal nail infection? – General Nursing Support

  https://allnurses.com/can-rn-work-fungal-nail-t420407/

  I have a finger nail infection that is probably fungal. […] I understand that the oral medication takes months to work and this is a slow process to a healthy nail. […] I would tell employee health about it and offer to wear gloves while doing patient care and wipe down your keyboard at the end of your shift with whatever disinfectant your hospital uses. […] You have a nail infection. […] You have a pre-employment physical coming up. […] Go to your physical, tell them you have a nail infection that is being treated and ask what you will need to do in order to be able to work. […] If I were you, this is the option I would pick. […] Again, only the facility’s occupational health department can tell you how the facility will view the matter. […] I’d show up and be honest. You have far less to lose because by going to the physical, at least you have a chance of keeping the job.

• #105 Can a RN work with a fungal nail infection? – General Nursing Support

  https://allnurses.com/can-rn-work-fungal-nail-t420407/

  I have a finger nail infection that is probably fungal. […] I understand that the oral medication takes months to work and this is a slow process to a healthy nail. […] I would tell employee health about it and offer to wear gloves while doing patient care and wipe down your keyboard at the end of your shift with whatever disinfectant your hospital uses. […] You have a nail infection. […] You have a pre-employment physical coming up. […] Go to your physical, tell them you have a nail infection that is being treated and ask what you will need to do in order to be able to work. […] If I were you, this is the option I would pick. […] Again, only the facility’s occupational health department can tell you how the facility will view the matter. […] I’d show up and be honest. You have far less to lose because by going to the physical, at least you have a chance of keeping the job.

• #106 Nursing Care Plan For Onychomycosis – Made For Medical

  https://www.madeformedical.com/nursing-care-plan-for-onychomycosis/

  These nursing diagnoses provide a framework for addressing the multifaceted needs of individuals with onychomycosis, guiding the development of tailored interventions to promote nail health, prevent complications, and improve overall well-being. […] By implementing these nursing interventions, nurses can support patients in managing onychomycosis effectively, promoting nail health, and improving overall well-being. […] In conclusion, the nursing care plan for onychomycosis is designed to address the complex needs of individuals affected by fungal nail infection, with the overarching goal of promoting nail health, preventing complications, and enhancing overall well-being. […] Key components of the nursing care plan include the provision of topical and systemic antifungal therapy, nail debridement, foot hygiene education, footwear modification, patient education, and counseling. […] In implementing the nursing care plan for onychomycosis, nurses also play a vital role in empowering patients to take an active role in their care, promoting self-management strategies, and enhancing adherence to treatment regimens.

• #107 Nursing Care Plan For Onychomycosis – Made For Medical

  https://www.madeformedical.com/nursing-care-plan-for-onychomycosis/

  These nursing diagnoses provide a framework for addressing the multifaceted needs of individuals with onychomycosis, guiding the development of tailored interventions to promote nail health, prevent complications, and improve overall well-being. […] By implementing these nursing interventions, nurses can support patients in managing onychomycosis effectively, promoting nail health, and improving overall well-being. […] In conclusion, the nursing care plan for onychomycosis is designed to address the complex needs of individuals affected by fungal nail infection, with the overarching goal of promoting nail health, preventing complications, and enhancing overall well-being. […] Key components of the nursing care plan include the provision of topical and systemic antifungal therapy, nail debridement, foot hygiene education, footwear modification, patient education, and counseling. […] In implementing the nursing care plan for onychomycosis, nurses also play a vital role in empowering patients to take an active role in their care, promoting self-management strategies, and enhancing adherence to treatment regimens.

• #108 Onychomycosis – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK441853/

  The most effective treatments for onychomycosis are systemic antifungals. Due to an increased risk of subungual ulceration, one also should consider oral antifungal therapy in moderate to severe disease, especially in patients with diabetes mellitus. Combination therapy with topical agents, periodic debridement, or chemical nail avulsion may produce better results than systemic medication alone. […] To control symptoms and reduce the risks of subungual ulceration and secondary bacterial infection, clinicians can use periodic debridement to successfully manage severe onychomycosis in patients who elect to avoid systemic therapy or cannot apply topical antifungals. […] The effective management of onychomycosis requires an interprofessional approach. While the fungal infection is not life-threatening, this condition has enormous morbidity, and the key to success is patient education. […] Even though antifungal drugs are available, the treatment often takes months or years before one sees an obvious improvement.

• #109 Onychomycosis – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK441853/

  The most effective treatments for onychomycosis are systemic antifungals. Due to an increased risk of subungual ulceration, one also should consider oral antifungal therapy in moderate to severe disease, especially in patients with diabetes mellitus. Combination therapy with topical agents, periodic debridement, or chemical nail avulsion may produce better results than systemic medication alone. […] To control symptoms and reduce the risks of subungual ulceration and secondary bacterial infection, clinicians can use periodic debridement to successfully manage severe onychomycosis in patients who elect to avoid systemic therapy or cannot apply topical antifungals. […] The effective management of onychomycosis requires an interprofessional approach. While the fungal infection is not life-threatening, this condition has enormous morbidity, and the key to success is patient education. […] Even though antifungal drugs are available, the treatment often takes months or years before one sees an obvious improvement.

• #110 Nursing Care Plan For Onychomycosis – Made For Medical

  https://www.madeformedical.com/nursing-care-plan-for-onychomycosis/

  These nursing diagnoses provide a framework for addressing the multifaceted needs of individuals with onychomycosis, guiding the development of tailored interventions to promote nail health, prevent complications, and improve overall well-being. […] By implementing these nursing interventions, nurses can support patients in managing onychomycosis effectively, promoting nail health, and improving overall well-being. […] In conclusion, the nursing care plan for onychomycosis is designed to address the complex needs of individuals affected by fungal nail infection, with the overarching goal of promoting nail health, preventing complications, and enhancing overall well-being. […] Key components of the nursing care plan include the provision of topical and systemic antifungal therapy, nail debridement, foot hygiene education, footwear modification, patient education, and counseling. […] In implementing the nursing care plan for onychomycosis, nurses also play a vital role in empowering patients to take an active role in their care, promoting self-management strategies, and enhancing adherence to treatment regimens.

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