Materiały źródłowe

• #1 Prophylaxis and treatment of influenza virus infection – PubMed

  https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11437694/

  Influenza virus infections remain an important cause of morbidity and mortality. […] There are now effective ways to both prevent and treat influenza. Prevention of infection is most effectively accomplished by vaccination. Vaccination with the inactivated, intramuscular influenza vaccine has been clearly demonstrated to reduce serious morbidity and mortality associated with influenza infection, especially in groups of patients at high risk (e.g. the elderly). […] Live, attenuated influenza vaccines administered intranasally have been studied in clinical trials and shown to elicit stronger mucosal and cell-mediated immune responses. […] Additionally, novel vaccine methodologies employing conserved components of influenza virus or viral DNA are being developed. […] Because of the limitations of vaccination, antiviral therapy continues to play an important role in the control of influenza.

• #1 Preventing Seasonal Flu | Influenza (Flu) | CDC

  https://www.cdc.gov/flu/prevention/index.html

  The best way to reduce your risk from seasonal flu and its potentially serious complications is to get a flu vaccine every year. […] CDC recommends a yearly flu vaccine as the first and most important action in reducing your risk of flu and its potentially serious outcomes. […] Everyone 6 months and older should get an annual flu vaccine, ideally by the end of October but people should continue to get vaccinated as long as flu viruses pose a threat to their community. […] Vaccination of people at higher risk of developing serious flu complications is especially important to decrease their risk of severe flu illness. […] Vaccination also is important for health care workers and other people who live with or care for people at higher risk of serious flu illness to keep from spreading flu to them.

• #1 Healthy Habits to Prevent Flu | Influenza (Flu) | CDC

  https://www.cdc.gov/flu/prevention/actions-prevent-flu.html

  Good health habits like covering your cough and washing your hands often can help stop the spread of germs and prevent respiratory illnesses like the flu. […] The single best way to reduce the risk of seasonal flu and its potentially serious complications is to get vaccinated each year, but preventive actions like avoiding people who are sick, covering your cough and washing your hands also can help stop the spread of germs and prevent respiratory illnesses like flu. […] Cover your mouth and nose when coughing or sneezing. It may prevent those around you from getting sick. […] Washing your hands often will help protect you from germs. […] You

• #1 Flu prevention and vaccine information | Mass.gov

  https://www.mass.gov/info-details/flu-prevention-and-vaccine-information

  Flu vaccination reduces the prevalence and severity of illness caused by flu, reducing symptoms that might be confused with those of COVID-19 […] Yes, a flu vaccine offers the best defense against getting the flu and spreading it to others. […] Find out where you can get a flu vaccine by visiting vaccines.gov/flu, or asking your health care provider, or going to a local pharmacy. […] Although the flu vaccine won’t prevent every case of the flu, getting an annual vaccination is the best way to reduce your risk of serious illness. […] While vaccine effectiveness can vary, studies show that flu vaccination reduces the risk of flu illness by between 40% and 60% among the overall population during seasons when most circulating flu viruses are well-matched to the flu vaccine. […] Different flu vaccines are approved for use in different groups of people. […] Yes, you can get a flu vaccine and a COVID-19 vaccine at the same time if you are eligible and the timing for each vaccine is right. […] Remember, protect yourself, your loved ones, as well as all those around you by getting a flu vaccine!

• #1 Influenza Treatment & Management: Approach Considerations, Prevention, Prehospital Care

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/219557-treatment

  Vaccination of high-risk pregnant patients also provides some protective immunity for newborns and reduces subsequent hospitalizations in the infants. […] The CDC recommends influenza vaccine be administered during pregnancy (all trimesters); vaccination during pregnancy is shown to decrease risk of illness in the mother, as well as the risk for influenza and influenza hospitalization in their infants during the first 6 months of life. […] Vaccination may provide less protection against influenza in patients older than 65 years. The CDC recommends higher-dose and adjuvanted influenza vaccines (ie, Fluzone High-Dose, Flublok, and Fluad) for individuals aged 65 years and older. […] To improve the immunogenicity of influenza virus vaccine in elderly adults, a high-dose inactivated influenza vaccine (Fluzone High-Dose) was developed.

• #1 Flu symptoms, treatment and prevention | OHSU

  https://www.ohsu.edu/health/flu-symptoms-treatment-and-prevention

  But people who get flu shots are less likely to: Have serious symptoms or complications if they get the flu. Spread the flu. Have the flu and COVID -19 at the same time. […] Age and health conditions affect a persons risk of flu complications. The CDC says people at higher risk include: Children younger than 2, Adults 65 and older, People who are pregnant or were recently pregnant (within two weeks), People in nursing homes and long-term care, People who have: Asthma, Blood disorders, Chronic lung disease, Diabetes, Chronic heart disease, Kidney disorders, Liver disorders, Metabolic disorders, Obesity (a body mass index of 40 or higher), Weakened immune systems (immunocompromised), Neurologic conditions such as cerebral palsy, epilepsy, stroke, muscular dystrophy or spinal cord injury, Developmental delays.

• #1 Influenza in Pregnancy: Prevention and Treatment | ACOG

  https://www.acog.org/clinical/clinical-guidance/committee-statement/articles/2024/02/influenza-in-pregnancy-prevention-and-treatment

  The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (ACOG) recommend that all adults receive an annual influenza vaccine and that individuals who are or will be pregnant during influenza season receive an inactivated or recombinant influenza vaccine as soon as it is available. […] Ideally, influenza vaccination should be given by the end of October, but vaccination at any time during the influenza season is encouraged to ensure protection during the period that virus is circulating in the community. […] Obstetriciangynecologists and other obstetric health care professionals should confidently recommend influenza vaccination and counsel pregnant individuals about the benefits of influenza vaccination for themselves as well as advocate for the benefits of passive immunity for their newborns conferred by maternal immunization.

• #1 What’s New

  https://www.cdph.ca.gov/Programs/CID/DCDC/pages/immunization/influenza.aspx

  Flu can be a serious illness that is easily spread from person to person. CDC estimates that flu causes millions of illnesses, hundreds of thousands of hospitalizations and thousands of deaths each year in the United States. The best way to protect yourself and your family against flu is by getting vaccinated. Everyone six months of age and older should receive the flu vaccine every year. […] Flu vaccines help keep you from getting very sick from flu. Flu vaccines lower chances of illness and hospitalization. […] Flu vaccines lower the risk of serious flu complications. Especially among older adults or those with chronic health conditions such as asthma, diabetes, and heart disease. […] Flu vaccines during pregnancy help protect people who are pregnant and their babies from flu complications. This includes early delivery, low birth weight of the baby, and stillbirth.

• #1 Prophylaxis and treatment of influenza: options, antiviral susceptibility, and existing recommendations

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8165743/

  Neuraminidase inhibitors (NAI) are a class of antiviral agents acting against influenza A and B viruses by selectively inhibiting the viral neuraminidase and, thus, preventing the release of new viruses from infected cells as well as virus spread. […] In an outbreak situation, the use of neuraminidase inhibitors (NAI) might act as post-exposure prophylaxis in already infected individuals during the incubation period, or even as pre-exposure prophylaxis. […] Patients with native, acquired, or treatment-induced immunodeficiency are at a particular risk for complications due to influenza. […] NAI, especially oseltamivir, remain the drug of choice for influenza treatment and prevention today. […] Baloxavir marboxil presents a new therapeutic option with a single-dose oral regimen. […] Antivirals used as pre- and post-exposure prophylaxis represent an essential tool to stop outbreaks in institutions such as hospitals or nursery homes.

• #1 Influenza (Flu) | New Hampshire Department of Health and Human Services

  https://www.dhhs.nh.gov/programs-services/disease-prevention/infectious-disease-control/influenza-flu

  Residents of nursing homes and other long-term care facilities should get a flu vaccine each year. […] You may be able to get a flu vaccine at your healthcare provider’s office, your local pharmacy, local urgent care center, or a local VNA/Home Health community clinic. […] For more information about the flu – symptoms, prevention, treatment, and flu activity – visit www.cdc.gov/flu/

• #1

  https://www.henryschein.com/us-es/medical/resource-center/flu-prevention.aspx

  Flu Prevention […] The first and most important step in preventing flu is vaccination. The Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) recommends routine annual influenza vaccination for everyone 6 months and older who do not have contraindications. […] Yearly flu vaccination should begin soon after the flu vaccine is available, and ideally by October. However, getting vaccinated even later can be protective, as long as flu viruses are circulating. […] Because it takes about two weeks after vaccination for antibodies to develop in the body that protect against influenza virus infection, it is best that people get vaccinated so they are protected before influenza begins spreading in their community. […] Henry Schein offers the following tools to prevent flu outbreaks and protect patients:

• #1

  https://www.henryschein.com/us-en/medical/resource-center/flu-prevention.aspx

  Flu Prevention […] The first and most important step in preventing flu is vaccination. The Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) recommends routine annual influenza vaccination for everyone 6 months and older who do not have contraindications.1 […] The benefits of flu vaccination are obvious, but the CDC reported that by early November 2016, only 2 out of 5 people in the U.S. reported having gotten the flu vaccine for that season.2 […] Yearly flu vaccination should begin soon after the flu vaccine is available, and ideally by October. However, getting vaccinated even later can be protective, as long as flu viruses are circulating. While seasonal influenza outbreaks can happen as early as October, most of the time influenza activity peaks in January or later. […] Because it takes about two weeks after vaccination for antibodies to develop in the body that protect against influenza virus infection, it is best that people get vaccinated so they are protected before influenza begins spreading in their community. […] Henry Schein can provide vaccines for other patient immunizations as well such as Pneumovax23, Prevnar 13, Td vaccine and many more! […] Henry Schein offers the following tools to prevent flu outbreaks and protect patients:

• #1 Influenza: Optimizing Prevention and Treatment Strategies

  https://www-staging.uspharmacist.com/article/influenza-optimizing-prevention-and-treatment-strategies

  Immunization against influenza infection is paramount in reducing disease burden. Currently, there are three types of influenza vaccine available in the U.S., including trivalent and quadrivalent inactivated influenza vaccines (IIVs) and live attenuated influenza vaccine (LAIV). […] Dosing of IIV in adults is 0.5 mL given as an IM injection once yearly during influenza season; pediatric dosing is 0.25 mL IM in children aged 6 to 35 months. […] In otherwise healthy individuals aged 65 years, TIV is approximately 90% effective in preventing illness. […] Another option for immunization of healthy, nonpregnant individuals aged 2 to 49 years is LAIV. […] Contraindications to the influenza vaccine are few. […] Although vaccination is the preferred method for prevention of illness caused by the influenza virus, antivirals can play an adjunctive role in prophylaxis.

• #1 Flu (Influenza)

  https://www.nfid.org/infectious-disease/flu/

  Flu is a contagious viral infection that can cause mild to severe symptoms, even in healthy children and adults. […] The best way to prevent flu and protect against serious illness is to get a flu vaccine every year. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) recommends that everyone age 6 months and older get vaccinated annually. […] Flu vaccines are updated each year to protect against the influenza viruses expected to spread during the upcoming season. […] Annual flu vaccination is the best way to prevent flu. […] Treatment of flu with antiviral drugs can make symptoms milder, shorten the duration of illness by 1-2 days, and prevent serious complications, like pneumonia.

• #1 Flu symptoms, treatment and prevention | OHSU

  https://www.ohsu.edu/health/flu-symptoms-treatment-and-prevention

  OHSU experts say everyone who is eligible should get the flu vaccine each year. […] OHSU experts say the best way to prevent flu is to get a flu shot, available for ages 6 months and older. People who are pregnant or have babies under 6 months can protect their babies by getting a flu shot for themselves. […] Health experts also suggest: Covering coughs and sneezes. Avoiding sick people. Washing your hands often. Not touching your face. Cleaning and disinfecting often-used surfaces. Wearing a face mask. […] Flu vaccines are updated every year. Researchers pick the flu viruses they think will be most common in the next flu season. Vaccines use weakened or killed versions of those viruses. Vaccines cannot give you the flu. […] This year’s flu vaccine is quadrivalent, meaning it protects against four of the most common flu viruses.

• #1 Preventing Flu | American Lung Association

  https://www.lung.org/lung-health-diseases/lung-disease-lookup/influenza/preventing-influenza

  The flu shot is safe and provides protection against severe flu illness and hospitalization. […] You cannot get the flu from the flu shot as it is made from either inactivated (killed) viruses or parts of the virus. […] Protect yourself, your loved ones and your community by getting the best available flu protection, a flu shot.

• #1 Flu Patient Education – American Osteopathic AssociationSearchSearch

  https://osteopathic.org/practicing-medicine/flu-prevention-toolkit/flu-patient-education/

  Eat a healthy diet, exercise and get plenty of rest. […] Osteopathic physicians and their teams must be ready to respond to individuals who may be hesitant about the vaccine and discuss concerns with patients. […] Many individuals have no side effects from the flu shot and most side effects from the vaccine are mild and resolve within a few days. […] The CDC estimates that there have been 12,000 – 52,000 deaths from the flu annually between 2010 and 2020 and that the flu vaccination prevented over 6,300 influenza-associated deaths during the 2019-2020 flu season. […] The flu vaccine prevents millions of individuals from becoming ill each year and the need for many flu-related doctor’s visits. […] If an individual feels any side effects from the flu vaccine, they usual are very mild and may consist of one of more of the following: soreness, redness, swelling in the arm; headache; muscle aches; fatigue; fever; and nausea. […] The following resources and materials are free to download and print for distribution to patients.

• #1 Prophylaxis and treatment of influenza: options, antiviral susceptibility, and existing recommendations

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8165743/

  Influenza is a serious and frequently underestimated viral disease. […] Although non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPI) such as face masks and intensified hand hygiene may be effective in preventing influenza infection mainly in clinical settings or households, vaccination is considered the most effective way to prevent influenza. […] Most international and national public health institutions as well as medical and scientific societies recommend antiviral treatment of influenza at least for patients who are at high risk of developing serious influenza complications. […] This review summarizes the recommendations available in Germany for the use of antiviral drugs for prophylaxis and treatment of influenza considering specific circumstances and groups of patients in statements and guidelines of medical societies as well as the German pandemic preparedness plan.

• #1 Flu (Influenza): Causes, Symptoms, Types & Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/4335-influenza-flu

  Getting vaccinated every year is the best way to avoid getting sick with the flu. […] The best way to reduce your risk is to get the flu vaccine yearly. You can get it as a shot or a mist sprayed into your nose. The influenza virus can change (mutate) over time, so you need to get vaccinated every year. […] Other ways to reduce your risk of getting the flu include: Wash your hands often with soap and water. If you cant use soap and water, use an alcohol-based hand sanitizer. Cover your nose and mouth when you sneeze or cough. Cough or sneeze into your elbow or a tissue rather than your bare hand. Avoid being around other people when you or they are sick with the flu or other infectious diseases. Consider wearing a mask if youre sick and cant avoid being around others. Avoid touching your face, eyes, nose and mouth. Dont share food or eating utensils (forks, spoons, cups) with others.

• #1 Flu Symptoms | Flu Prevention | American Red Cross

  https://www.redcross.org/get-help/how-to-prepare-for-emergencies/types-of-emergencies/flu-safety.html?srsltid=AfmBOop3nOIoRKZw8b9SMaaHZg0wzI2lQLXzyMLNl9VjfDSUA0nZTxZv

  If you are at high risk, have your vaccinations updated every year, as directed by your physician. […] A flu vaccine is available in the U.S. every year. Get your flu shot as soon as it is available for the best chance of protection. […] Proper and consistent hand washing is one of the easiest ways to prevent the spread of flu. […] Teach kids how to wash their hands. […] Wash hands frequently with soap and water or an alcohol-based hand sanitizer. […] Avoid or minimize contact with sick people (a minimum three feet distancing is recommended). […] Cover your mouth and nose with tissues when you cough and sneeze. If you don’t have a tissue, cough or sneeze into the crook of your elbow. […] Stay away from others as much as possible when you are sick. […] Adopt business/school practices that encourage employees/students to stay home when they have flu symptoms.

• #1 Flu (influenza): Prevention and risks – Canada.ca

  https://www.canada.ca/en/public-health/services/diseases/flu-influenza/prevention-risks.html

  The flu vaccine (flu shot) is the best way to prevent the flu. Most people don’t have any side effects. Severe reactions are very rare. […] Almost everyone 6 months of age and older should get the flu vaccine. […] In addition to getting the flu vaccine, you can reduce your risk of getting or spreading the flu by: staying home when you’re sick, wearing a well-fitting mask, opening windows and doors when possible to improve indoor air ventilation, washing your hands often with soap and water for at least 20 seconds, coughing and sneezing into a tissue or your elbow instead of your hand, avoiding touching your eyes, nose or mouth with unclean hands, cleaning and disinfecting surfaces and objects regularly that are often touched by others. […] If you get the flu vaccine during pregnancy, you pass on protection to your baby. This is especially important as babies younger than 6 months can’t get vaccinated against the flu. Getting your flu vaccine can help protect your baby from the flu, both before and after birth. This is when they’re at highest risk of complications. […] The flu vaccine is particularly recommended for Indigenous Peoples based on studies showing more severe outcomes.

• #1 Influenza (Flu): Diagnosis, Treatment and Prevention | Nationwide Children’s Hospital

  https://www.nationwidechildrens.org/conditions/influenza

  Prevent the Flu With the Flu Vaccine […] The best way to help prevent the flu or keep you and your child from getting a bad case of it, is to get a flu vaccine each year. […] Anyone who is 6 months or older should have a flu vaccine each year. […] If your child is younger than 8 years old and getting the vaccine for the first time, they should get 2 doses in early fall, as soon as it’s available. […] There are other things you and your child can do to keep from getting the flu. […] Avoid touching your eyes, nose, and mouth whenever possible. […] Cover your nose and mouth with a tissue when coughing or sneezing. […] Frequent and good hand washing is very important. […] If you do not have access to soap and water, clean hands with alcohol-based hand wipes or gel hand sanitizer that is at least 60% alcohol. […] Wipe down hard surfaces that may have virus germs on them. […] Stay away from people who are sick. […] Stay home when you are sick. […] Practice good health habits. Eat a balanced diet, drink plenty of water, and get enough rest to keep your immune system strong.

• #1 Step Up to Prevent Flu – National Center for Health Promotion and Disease Prevention

  https://www.prevention.va.gov/flu/prevention/index.asp

  Step 3: Know the symptoms of flu […] Symptoms include a fever (100F or higher), body and muscle aches, headache, feeling tired or weak, cough, sore throat, runny or stuffy nose, nausea and vomiting. Find out more about flu, including the differences between colds and flu. […] Step 4: Clean your hands and surfaces around you […] Clean hands often by washing with soap and water or by using hand sanitizers. Clean hands before eating or preparing food, before and after caring for someone who is sick, after coughing or sneezing, and after using the bathroom. […] Clean surfaces that are touched often such as phones, faucets, light switches, countertops, door and cabinet handles, keyboard and mouse, and TV remotes. Flu virus can live on surfaces for up to 48 hours. […] Step 5: Cover your coughs and sneezes

• #1 Prevention of influenza – Wikipedia

  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prevention_of_influenza

  The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDCP) recommends that businesses promote and administer annual flu vaccination within the workplace. Additional measures include reducing potential for exposure through increasing awareness of flu symptoms, using good cough and sneeze etiquette, staying home when ill, and frequent hand washing. […] According to the WHO, the following steps can decrease one’s chance of contracting the flu virus: Getting vaccinated if 6 months or older against current strains of influenza, if possible. […] The CDCP lists these as important ways to lower the risk of transmission: Cover the nose and mouth with a tissue when coughing or sneezing. Throw tissues in the trash after use; Wash hands often with soap and water, especially after coughing or sneezing. Alcohol-based hand cleaners are also effective; Avoid touching the eyes, nose, or mouth. Germs spread this way; Try to avoid close contact with sick people; Those sick with flu-like illness are recommended to stay home for at least 24 hours after their fever is gone, except to get medical care or for other necessities.

• #1 Protect yourself against flu: Learn more about preventive measures

  https://www.ecdc.europa.eu/en/seasonal-influenza/prevention-and-control/personal-protective-measures

  Respiratory hygiene and cough etiquette mean preventing other people from being exposed to your own potentially infectious nasal and oral discharge. […] If you are sick, you should cover your nose and mouth with a tissue or a mask (but not a hand) when coughing or sneezing, followed by appropriately disposing of used tissues, and proper hand hygiene. […] Given that influenza and other respiratory viruses can survive on some surfaces for prolonged periods, cleaning or disinfection can effectively reduce or inactivate them from surfaces and objects. […] Increase the frequency of cleaning frequently touched surfaces (e.g. door handles, keyboards, screens, etc) with soap and water or alcohol wipes as per the manufacturers instructions for electronic equipment. […] In addition to the hygiene measures described above, people who are diagnosed with influenza by a physician or who have respiratory symptoms with or without fever during a period of increased influenza activity in the community should remain at home, if possible, at least 4-5 days after symptoms onset to avoid exposing other people. […] If symptomatic people cannot stay home during the acute phase of their illness, they should consider wearing a medical face mask or FFP2 respirator in public places when they may have close contact with others.

• #1 Step Up to Prevent Flu – National Center for Health Promotion and Disease Prevention

  https://www.prevention.va.gov/flu/prevention/index.asp

  Use clean tissues and discard after each use. Cough or sneeze into your sleeve when you don’t have a tissue. […] Always clean your hands after coughing or sneezing. […] Step 6: Stay home when sick […] Because flu spreads easily from person to person, stay home when you are sick. Studies show you are most contagious and likely to spread flu virus to others for at least 5 days after your first symptoms start and at least 48 hours after your last fever. […] Treat flu by getting plenty of rest, drinking fluids, and using medicines that reduce fevers. Find out more about treating flu and when to seek medical care.

• #1 Preventing Seasonal Flu | Influenza (Flu) | CDC

  https://www.cdc.gov/flu/prevention/index.html

  Children younger than 6 months are at higher risk of serious flu illness but are too young to be vaccinated. People who care for infants should be vaccinated instead. […] Take actions every day to help stop the spread of germs. Getting a flu vaccine is the most important. […] Avoid close contact with people who are sick. […] If you are sick, limit contact with others as much as possible to keep from infecting them. […] Cover your nose and mouth with a tissue when you cough or sneeze. […] Wearing a mask is an additional prevention strategy that you can choose to further protect yourself and others. […] Wash your hands often with soap and water. […] You can improve air quality by bringing in fresh outside air, purifying indoor air, or gathering outdoors. Cleaner air can reduce the risk of exposure to viruses.

• #1 Flu Prevention: Protect Yourself Against the Flu | Banner Health

  https://www.bannerhealth.com/staying-well/health-and-wellness/wellness/flu/prevention

  If someone near you is sick, stay away from them as much as you can to lower your risk of getting infected. […] Regularly clean and disinfect frequently touched surfaces at home, school and work, such as countertops, door handles, light switches, keyboards and phones. […] Stay up to date about flu activity in your community and follow guidelines from your local public health authority and the CDC to prevent flu outbreaks. […] Talk to your health care provider immediately if you experience flu-like symptoms or believe youve been exposed to the flu. If taken within 48 hours of catching the virus, antiviral medications may help you feel better more quickly. […] By taking these easy steps, you can protect yourself, your loved ones and your neighbors, especially those at higher risk of flu-related complications.

• #1 Patient education: Influenza prevention (Beyond the Basics) – UpToDate

  https://www.uptodate.com/contents/influenza-prevention-beyond-the-basics/print

  Cover your mouth and nose while coughing or sneezing, and throw away dirty tissues immediately. […] If you are sick with the flu or another respiratory illness, you should stay home for at least 24 hours after your fever is gone, except to get medical care or for other necessities. Do not return to work or school until you have been fever-free for 24 hours without the use of a fever-reducing medicine. […] More information about preventing the spread of flu is available from the United States Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) website.

• #1 Flu Prevention Tips | Prevent Influenza From Spreading

  https://www.nationaljewish.org/education/health-information/living-with-an-infectious-disease/flu-prevention-tips

  Flu risk reduced by vaccine. […] Influenza can be prevented through vaccination. […] Wash hands by washing with soap and water or use hand sanitizer. […] Cover Your Mouth and Nose with a tissue when you cough or sneeze. […] Don’t Touch Your Face with unwashed hands; its the easiest way for germs to enter your body. […] Stay Home until your fever is gone for 24 hours without using fever-reducing medicine.

• #1 Influenza (Flu) Prevention | Texas DSHS

  https://www.dshs.texas.gov/influenza-flu/influenza-flu-prevention

  Influenza (Flu) Prevention […] Learn ways to protect yourself and your family from the flu virus. […] In addition to getting a flu shot, you can help prevent the spread of flu by: […] Washing your hands often. […] Covering your coughs and sneezes. […] Staying home from school or work if you are feeling ill. […] Cleaning common surfaces like doorknobs, handles, and keyboards.

• #1

  https://www.boystownpediatrics.org/knowledge-center/flu-prevention

  Use hand sanitizers when soap and water are not available. […] Encourage children to cover their mouths and noses when coughing or sneezing to decrease the number of germs in the air. […] Keep the air in your home clean by using a HEPA filter, a device that can remove 99 percent of pollen, dust, dander and bacteria from the air. […] Children with the flu should stay away from public places, but once a child’s fever is gone and energy level is up, he or she can return to daycare or school. […] Vaccinating against the flu is important because it is really the only way to prevent getting the flu in the flu season. […] So we recommend flu vaccine for all children zero to eighteen years of age. […] In general we will start looking at vaccinating between September and November is probably the best time. […] Washing your hands during flu season, getting a good night’s rest at night, good nutrition is always a good bet, staying away from others who are sick at that time.

• #1 Prevention of influenza – Wikipedia

  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prevention_of_influenza

  Influenza prevention involves taking steps that one can use to decrease their chances of contracting flu viruses, such as the Pandemic H1N1/09 virus, responsible for the 2009 flu pandemic. […] Reasonably effective ways to reduce the transmission of influenza include good personal health and hygiene habits such as: not touching your eyes, nose or mouth; frequent hand washing (with soap and water, or with alcohol-based hand rubs); eating a diet rich in fruits and vegetables; covering coughs and sneezes; avoiding close contact with sick people; and staying home yourself if you are sick. Avoiding spitting is also recommended. […] Although face masks might help prevent transmission when caring for the sick, there is mixed evidence on beneficial effects in the community. […] Since influenza spreads through both aerosols and contact with contaminated surfaces, surface sanitizing may help prevent some infections.

• #1 Flu Prevention: Protect Yourself Against the Flu | Banner Health

  https://www.bannerhealth.com/staying-well/health-and-wellness/wellness/flu/prevention

  The best way to stop the flu is to get an annual flu shot. The flu vaccine stimulates your bodys immune response to develop protection against the most common flu strains each year. […] The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) recommends that all adults and children over six months old get flu shots, especially those in high-risk groups. […] Washing your hands is very important to reduce the spread of viruses during cold and flu season. […] Stay home if you develop flu symptoms, such as fever, cough, sore throat, body aches, tiredness or headache. Its not just better for you – it also helps stop the spread of the flu in your community. […] A strong immune system can help your body fight infections like the flu virus. Eat a balanced diet with lots of fruits and vegetables, exercise regularly, manage stress and do your best to get enough sleep each night.

• #1 Flu Prevention Tips | Emergency Management | CSUSM

  https://www.csusm.edu/em/procedures/flutips.html

  Get enough sleep and manage your stress. Lack of sleep and high levels of stress can reduce immune functioning, thus lowering the bodys ability to fend off colds and flu. […] Maintain a moderate exercise program 3-4 days a week. It will strengthen the immune system and increase the bodys natural ability to fight infection. […] Finally, listen to your body. Stay home if you have a fever and are coughing. You will feel better, recover faster if you rest and reduce the risk of infecting others.

• #1

  https://www.oregon.gov/oha/ph/preventionwellness/fluprevention/pages/index.aspx

  Getting vaccinated is a safe, easy way to prevent seasonal flu, which can lead to severe health issues, missed workdays and even hospitalization in serious cases. […] The best way to prevent the flu is to get vaccinated every year. […] The flu vaccine is recommended for everyone 6 months of age and older. […] Ask your family, friends and health providers to get a flu vaccination. […] People who smoke get the flu more easily and get sicker from the virus.

• #1 Prophylaxis and treatment of influenza virus infection – PubMed

  https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11437694/

  Two major classes of antivirals have demonstrated ability to prevent or treat influenza in clinical trials: the adamantanes and the neuraminidase inhibitors. […] The neuraminidase inhibitors were designed to interfere with the conserved sialic acid binding site of the viral neuraminidase and act against both influenza A and B with a high degree of specificity when administered by the oral (oseltamivir) or inhaled (zanamivir) route. […] Further advances in vaccination and antiviral therapy of influenza should remain a high priority.

• #1 The Medical Letter Home Page | The Medical Letter, Inc.

  https://secure.medicalletter.org/TML-article-1717a

  Antiviral treatment is recommended for patients with suspected or confirmed influenza who are hospitalized, have severe, complicated, or progressive illness, or are at increased risk for complications, even if it is started more than 48 hours after illness onset. […] Post-exposure prophylaxis with oseltamivir, zanamivir, or baloxavir should be considered within 48 hours for persons at very high risk of complications who have not received an annual influenza vaccine or when influenza vaccination may be ineffective; it is not recommended for healthy persons exposed to influenza. […] Oseltamivir, zanamivir, and baloxavir are FDA-approved for chemoprophylaxis of influenza. […] Antiviral chemoprophylaxis with oral oseltamivir or inhaled zanamivir is recommended by the CDC for control of institutional influenza outbreaks.

• #1 Influenza in Pregnancy: Prevention and Treatment | ACOG

  https://www.acog.org/clinical/clinical-guidance/committee-statement/articles/2024/02/influenza-in-pregnancy-prevention-and-treatment

  Clinicians should initiate empiric antiviral treatment as soon as possible, ideally within 48 hours of symptom onset, for all pregnant individuals with suspected influenza. […] Antiviral treatment should not be delayed while awaiting respiratory infection test results, and a patient’s vaccination status should not affect the decision to treat. […] If there is suspected or confirmed co-infection with influenza and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), both oseltamivir (Tamiflu) and nirmatrelvir and ritonavir (Paxlovid) should be prescribed and can be taken together. […] Because of the high potential for morbidity and mortality related to influenza infection for pregnant and postpartum patients, postexposure antiviral chemoprophylaxis for influenza can be considered for pregnant individuals and those who are up to 2 weeks postpartum (including after pregnancy loss) who have had close contact with infectious individuals.

• #1 The Medical Letter Home Page | The Medical Letter, Inc.

  https://secure.medicalletter.org/TML-article-1717a

  A meta-analysis of 33 trials found that prompt post-exposure prophylaxis with zanamivir, oseltamivir, or baloxavir can reduce the risk of symptomatic seasonal influenza in patients at high risk for severe disease. […] When indicated, chemoprophylaxis with oseltamivir or zanamivir should be started no later than 48 hours after exposure and continued for 7 days after the last known exposure.

• #1 Post-Exposure Prophylaxis | XOFLUZA® (baloxavir marboxil)

  https://www.xofluza-hcp.com/efficacy/post-exposure-prophylaxis.html

  XOFLUZA is the first and only single-dose post-exposure prophylaxis medication for influenza (patients aged 5 years). […] In patients (aged 5 years) who were given single-dose XOFLUZA, their risk of contracting the flu after contact with an infected household member was reduced by 87% compared with patients who received placebo. […] XOFLUZA may be prescribed to patients 5 years and older who have been exposed to the flu. […] Post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) of influenza in patients 5 years of age and older following contact with an individual who has influenza.

• #1 Seasonal influenza in adults: Role of antiviral prophylaxis for prevention – UpToDate

  https://www.uptodate.com/contents/seasonal-influenza-in-adults-role-of-antiviral-prophylaxis-for-prevention

  Seasonal influenza is an acute respiratory illness caused by influenza A or B viruses. Vaccination is the most important intervention for prevention of influenza. Antiviral drugs may be useful adjunctive tools for patients at high risk of influenza complications for whom influenza vaccine is contraindicated, unavailable, or expected to have low effectiveness (eg, due to immunosuppression or mismatch between vaccine antigens and circulating virus strains); however, they should not be used as a substitute for vaccination. […] The role of antiviral drugs for prevention of seasonal influenza will be reviewed here. […] Issues related to antiviral drugs for prevention of seasonal influenza in hematopoietic cell transplant and lung transplant recipients are discussed separately.

• #1 Influenza Exposure

  https://www.seattlechildrens.org/conditions/a-z/influenza-exposure/

  Getting a flu shot is the best way to protect your family from flu. […] Influenza vaccines are strongly advised for all children over 6 months of age. (AAP) […] Adults should also get the shot. […] The flu shot most often prevents the disease. […] Even if your child gets the flu, the shot helps to reduce the symptoms. […] A new flu shot is needed every year. Reason: flu viruses keep changing. […] After the flu shot, it takes 2 weeks to fully protect from flu. But then, the protection lasts for the full flu season. An antiviral medicine only protects from flu while taking it. […] The drug Tamiflu may help prevent flu after close contact. But, it is only advised for some very High-Risk patients (CDC). See the High-Risk list. […] The CDC recommends early treatment if flu symptoms occur, not preventive treatment. Reasons: even after close contact, some children don’t get flu.

• #1 Preventing Flu | American Lung Association

  https://www.lung.org/lung-health-diseases/lung-disease-lookup/influenza/preventing-influenza

  Make sure you are protecting yourself and others from the flu by practicing good health habits and getting your annual vaccination. […] The best way to prevent influenza is to get a flu vaccine every year. […] It is recommended that everyone over the age of 6 months receive an annual influenza vaccine. […] The best time to get the flu vaccine is before flu starts circulating in your community in September or October. However, later vaccination can still be beneficial. […] One way to prevent influenza is by getting your flu shot. The flu shot is recommended for everyone 6 months and older and should be received every year. […] When you get your flu shot, you may help stop the spread of disease and protect those more vulnerable to serious flu illness, including babies under six months of age who cannot receive a flu shot.

• #1 Influenza Treatment & Management: Approach Considerations, Prevention, Prehospital Care

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/219557-treatment

  Antiviral treatment is recommended as soon as possible for outpatients with confirmed or suspected influenza who are at higher risk for influenza complications on the basis of their age or underlying medical conditions; clinical judgment should be an important component of outpatient treatment decisions. […] Currently recommended antiviral medications include oseltamivir, zanamivir, peramivir, and baloxavir marboxil. […] Prompt use of antiviral drugs during the 2009 H1N1 influenza pandemic improved survival among severely ill pregnant women. […] This analysis reaffirms the importance of prevention (ie, vaccination of pregnant women regardless of trimester) and prompt treatment with a neuraminidase inhibitor (ie, within 2 days of symptom onset) if influenza occurs during pregnancy.

• #1 Flu and Infection Prevention – Flu and Infection Prevention – MGH Guides at Massachusetts General Hospital

  https://libguides.massgeneral.org/c.php?g=812487

  Take a look at these materials to help your patients, clients, and caregivers learn about flu and other infection prevention. […] Protect Against Flu: Caregivers of Infants and Young Children A short document offering advice for caregiver such as when to get the vaccine, everyday preventative steps, and more. […] Flu and People with Diabetes Provides preventative information for people with diabetes including vaccinations and other actions, as well as treatment. […] Key Facts About Seasonal Flu Vaccine Information about who should be vaccinated, who should not be vaccinated, when to get vaccinated, and more information related to season influenza vaccination. […] A National Network of Public Health and Faith-Based Organizations to Increase Influenza Prevention Among Hard-to-Reach Populations. […] Understanding the Barriers and Attitudes toward Influenza Vaccine Uptake in the Adult General Population: A Rapid Review. […] Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Indirect Protection Afforded by Vaccinating Children Against Seasonal Influenza: Implications for Policy.

• #1 Seasonal Flu – Worker Guidance Precautions for Healthcare Workers during Flu Season | Occupational Safety and Health Administration

  http://www.osha.gov/seasonal-flu/healthcare-workers

  This guidance provides baseline infection control procedures for seasonal flu. […] The main strategies to prevent flu transmission include: Getting vaccinated, Strictly following the steps for hand hygiene and cough etiquette, and encouraging coworkers, patients, and visitors to follow them also, Staying home if you are ill and encouraging ill coworkers to obtain permission to leave work, Strictly following infection control practices at work, Using the gloves, gowns, surgical masks, and other protective equipment that your employer gives you and following the steps for putting them on (donning) and taking them off (doffing) correctly. […] Get vaccinated! Vaccination is the most important way to prevent the spread of the flu. […] Your employer should use a combination of the workplace engineering controls, work practices, and personal protective equipment listed below to reduce your exposure to the flu.

• #1 Prevent the Spread of Influenza | Department of Infection Prevention

  https://www.vumc.org/infection-prevention/prevent-spread-influenza

  VUMC policy requires annual influenza vaccination or exemption. […] In order to protect yourself, your colleagues, and our patients, we strongly encourage everyone working at VUMC to receive an annual influenza vaccine. […] Vaccinating healthcare workers against influenza has been associated in several studies with a reduced risk of patient mortality.

• #1 Seasonal Flu – Worker Guidance Precautions for Healthcare Workers during Flu Season | Occupational Safety and Health Administration

  http://www.osha.gov/seasonal-flu/healthcare-workers

  Use a surgical mask when entering a flu patient’s room. A surgical mask is not a respirator. It will not protect you during aerosol-generating procedures, which may create very fine aerosol sprays. A surgical mask can only be used to protect workers from contact with the large droplets made by patients when they cough, sneeze, talk or breathe. […] Use a respirator during aerosol-generating procedures; a fit tested N95 disposable respirator or better is needed.

• #1 Prevent the Spread of Influenza | Department of Infection Prevention

  https://www.vumc.org/infection-prevention/prevent-spread-influenza

  People who work in healthcare, no matter the job type or setting, can unknowingly spread influenza virus to his or her close contacts, which may include our patients. […] To prevent the spread of influenza at VUMC, everyone should follow these key steps: Wash your hands, Cover your cough, Dont work when sick if you have respiratory symptoms (cough, runny nose) and a fever, please stay home, Wear a surgical mask when seeing patients if you have respiratory symptoms and no fever, Identify patients who may have influenza infection on arrival to VUMC and use appropriate isolation precautions, Place a surgical mask on patients with confirmed or suspected influenza infection, Ask visitors not to visit their loved ones if they have fever and respiratory symptoms, Vaccinate your patients against influenza, Get your annual flu vaccination!

• #1 Influenza Treatment & Management: Approach Considerations, Prevention, Prehospital Care

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/219557-treatment

  Prevention is the most effective management strategy for influenza. To prevent seasonal flu, the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) of the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) recommend routine annual influenza vaccination for all persons aged 6 months or older, preferably before the onset of influenza activity in the community. […] The ACIP also publishes recommendations on the use of antiviral agents for prevention and treatment of influenza. […] Public health measures are effective in limiting influenza transmission in closed environments. […] Enhanced surveillance with daily temperature taking and prompt reporting with isolation through home medical leave and segregation of smaller subgroups decrease the spread of influenza. In one study, symptomatic illness attributable to influenza decreased from 12% to about 4% with the use of these measures.

• #1

  https://www.pta.org/home/family-resources/health/flu-prevention

  Flu Prevention […] The best way to prevent the flu is to get a flu shot every year. An annual flu vaccine is recommended for everyone 6 months and older. Everyone should have their flu shot by Oct. 31 every year. […] Children are at higher risk for severe flu related complications, including death, so its important that families and schools work together to prevent flu and stop the spread of an outbreak once it occurs. […] Get every member of your family vaccinated annually. Its the most effective way to prevent the flu. Search for locations in your community that offer immunizations. […] Keep Flu Out of School (National School Nurses Association): Provides information and resources about flu prevention, including annual vaccination, to school nurses, parents, teachers and students. […] Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC): Provide information about flu prevention, symptoms and treatment.

• #1 Flu Prevention Tips | Emergency Management | CSUSM

  https://www.csusm.edu/em/procedures/flutips.html

  Its that time of year when coughs, colds and seasonal flu seem to spread easily. As students begin to return to campus for the spring semester please take a few minutes and review the preventive measures/tips to help avoid the influenza virus. […] If you have not done so, we encourage students, faculty and staff to get your flu shot. […] Wash your hands frequently using warm water and soap, scrubbing all surfaces for about 15-20 seconds. […] Avoid touching your face, unless you have clean hands. The eyes, nose and mouth are entry ports for flu viruses. […] Cover your mouth with a disposable tissue when coughing and sneezing. Dispose of tissues and wash your hands immediately. […] Avoid sharing objects (cups, utensils, etc.). Wipe down shared equipment such as phones and keyboards.

• #1 Flu Prevention | Yakima County, WA

  https://www.yakimacounty.us/281/Flu-Prevention

  Some people, including young children, older adults, pregnant people and people with certain health conditions, are at higher risk of becoming very sick. We can protect ourselves and others by getting a yearly vaccine and stopping the spread of flu viruses. […] The single best way to protect against seasonal flu and its potential severe complications is for children to get their flu shot each year. Flu vaccination is recommended for all children aged 6 months and older. Making healthy choices at school and at home can help prevent the flu and spreading flu to others. […] Encourage employees to get a flu shot every fall. […] Advise employees to stay home if sick until at least 24 hours after their fever is gone without the use of fever-reducing medicines.

• #1 OCWR – Flu Prevention

  https://www.ocwr.gov/publications/fast-facts/flu-prevention/

  All employees should follow basic hygiene practices to prevent illness. […] The CDC recommends that all individuals get the flu vaccination and encourages employers to host flu vaccination clinics in the workplace. […] Employers can establish a variety of internal policies and practices to protect employees and constituents, including: […] Encouraging flu shots. […] Providing hand sanitizer dispensers. […] Establishing work policies or physical barriers that minimize contact between employees and the public. […] Using personal protective equipment such as gloves, face shields, or surgical masks, if appropriate.

• #1

  https://www.idsociety.org/public-health/influenza/influenza-main-page/

  There are several core prevention strategies that everyone can use to help protect themselves and others from respiratory viruses, including influenza. These include good hygiene (covering your coughs and sneezes, washing or sanitizing your hands often and cleaning frequently touched surfaces), taking steps for cleaner air and staying home when sick. […] The best way to prevent influenza is by getting a flu vaccine every year, ideally in September or October, before the beginning of flu season. The flu vaccine is recommended for everyone ages 6 months and older. Flu vaccination has been shown to reduce the risk of flu illnesses, hospitalizations and flu-related deaths. […] Annual flu vaccination is recommended as long as flu activity is ongoing. Several types of flu vaccines are available.

• #2 Prophylaxis and treatment of influenza: options, antiviral susceptibility, and existing recommendations

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8165743/

  Influenza is a serious and frequently underestimated viral disease. […] Although non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPI) such as face masks and intensified hand hygiene may be effective in preventing influenza infection mainly in clinical settings or households, vaccination is considered the most effective way to prevent influenza. […] Most international and national public health institutions as well as medical and scientific societies recommend antiviral treatment of influenza at least for patients who are at high risk of developing serious influenza complications. […] This review summarizes the recommendations available in Germany for the use of antiviral drugs for prophylaxis and treatment of influenza considering specific circumstances and groups of patients in statements and guidelines of medical societies as well as the German pandemic preparedness plan.

• #2 Patient education: Influenza prevention (Beyond the Basics) – UpToDate

  https://www.uptodate.com/contents/influenza-prevention-beyond-the-basics/print

  The most effective way to prevent influenza (flu) is by getting a yearly influenza vaccine (ie, a flu shot or nasal spray) and using simple infection control measures such as handwashing. Antiviral medicines can also help prevent infection if you are exposed to the flu. […] Getting the influenza vaccine is the most effective way to reduce the chance of becoming infected with the flu. People who get the influenza vaccine have a lower chance of illness and death from influenza compared with people who are not vaccinated. […] The flu vaccine is recommended for all people six months of age and older. […] Infection control measures, like handwashing and covering your mouth when you cough, can help to prevent the spread of influenza. […] Frequent handwashing with soap and water can help limit the spread of influenza. You can use alcohol-based hand sanitizers when soap and water are not available.

• #2 Flu Facts – Families Fighting Flu

  https://familiesfightingflu.org/flu-facts/

  Influenza is one of the deadliest vaccine-preventable diseases in America. […] Flu vaccines can reduce the chances of getting sick with the flu by up to 60%. […] Keep yourself and your family healthy with these simple steps: […] Get vaccinated […] Avoid touching your face […] Wash your hands […] Cough in your elbow […] Wear a mask […] Disinfect surfaces […] If you need to leave your home or be in contact with others, wear a mask. […] Ask to get tested for flu. Flu symptoms can look like many other illnesses and testing is the only way to know for certain. […] Take antiviral medications if prescribed. […] Know when to seek medical attention – Most people with flu will recover without complications. However, if you are in a high risk group or are very sick or worried about your condition, seek medical attention.

• #2 Preventing Flu | American Lung Association

  https://www.lung.org/lung-health-diseases/lung-disease-lookup/influenza/preventing-influenza

  Make sure you are protecting yourself and others from the flu by practicing good health habits and getting your annual vaccination. […] The best way to prevent influenza is to get a flu vaccine every year. […] It is recommended that everyone over the age of 6 months receive an annual influenza vaccine. […] The best time to get the flu vaccine is before flu starts circulating in your community in September or October. However, later vaccination can still be beneficial. […] One way to prevent influenza is by getting your flu shot. The flu shot is recommended for everyone 6 months and older and should be received every year. […] When you get your flu shot, you may help stop the spread of disease and protect those more vulnerable to serious flu illness, including babies under six months of age who cannot receive a flu shot.

• #2 Influenza Treatment & Management: Approach Considerations, Prevention, Prehospital Care

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/219557-treatment

  Vaccination of high-risk pregnant patients also provides some protective immunity for newborns and reduces subsequent hospitalizations in the infants. […] The CDC recommends influenza vaccine be administered during pregnancy (all trimesters); vaccination during pregnancy is shown to decrease risk of illness in the mother, as well as the risk for influenza and influenza hospitalization in their infants during the first 6 months of life. […] Vaccination may provide less protection against influenza in patients older than 65 years. The CDC recommends higher-dose and adjuvanted influenza vaccines (ie, Fluzone High-Dose, Flublok, and Fluad) for individuals aged 65 years and older. […] To improve the immunogenicity of influenza virus vaccine in elderly adults, a high-dose inactivated influenza vaccine (Fluzone High-Dose) was developed.

• #2 Prevent the Spread of Influenza | Department of Infection Prevention

  https://www.vumc.org/infection-prevention/prevent-spread-influenza

  VUMC policy requires annual influenza vaccination or exemption. […] In order to protect yourself, your colleagues, and our patients, we strongly encourage everyone working at VUMC to receive an annual influenza vaccine. […] Vaccinating healthcare workers against influenza has been associated in several studies with a reduced risk of patient mortality.

• #2 Influenza in Pregnancy: Prevention and Treatment | ACOG

  https://www.acog.org/clinical/clinical-guidance/committee-statement/articles/2024/02/influenza-in-pregnancy-prevention-and-treatment

  The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (ACOG) recommend that all adults receive an annual influenza vaccine and that individuals who are or will be pregnant during influenza season receive an inactivated or recombinant influenza vaccine as soon as it is available. […] Ideally, influenza vaccination should be given by the end of October, but vaccination at any time during the influenza season is encouraged to ensure protection during the period that virus is circulating in the community. […] Obstetriciangynecologists and other obstetric health care professionals should confidently recommend influenza vaccination and counsel pregnant individuals about the benefits of influenza vaccination for themselves as well as advocate for the benefits of passive immunity for their newborns conferred by maternal immunization.

• #2 Influenza: Optimizing Prevention and Treatment Strategies

  https://www-staging.uspharmacist.com/article/influenza-optimizing-prevention-and-treatment-strategies

  Immunization against influenza infection is paramount in reducing disease burden. Currently, there are three types of influenza vaccine available in the U.S., including trivalent and quadrivalent inactivated influenza vaccines (IIVs) and live attenuated influenza vaccine (LAIV). […] Dosing of IIV in adults is 0.5 mL given as an IM injection once yearly during influenza season; pediatric dosing is 0.25 mL IM in children aged 6 to 35 months. […] In otherwise healthy individuals aged 65 years, TIV is approximately 90% effective in preventing illness. […] Another option for immunization of healthy, nonpregnant individuals aged 2 to 49 years is LAIV. […] Contraindications to the influenza vaccine are few. […] Although vaccination is the preferred method for prevention of illness caused by the influenza virus, antivirals can play an adjunctive role in prophylaxis.

• #2 Flu prevention and vaccine information | Mass.gov

  https://www.mass.gov/info-details/flu-prevention-and-vaccine-information

  What you need to know this flu season to stay healthy and prevent the spread of influenza. […] CDC recommends you „Take Action to Prevent Flu” […] Take time to get a flu vaccine for yourself and your family […] Everyone 6 months of age and older should be vaccinated for flu. It is especially important that the people in one of the groups listed below get a flu shot every year as they are more likely to get severely ill with flu. […] People 65 years of age or older are recommended to receive the following three preferential flu vaccines: Fluzone High-Dose Seasonal Influenza Vaccine, Recombinant Influenza Vaccine, and Adjuvanted Influenza vaccine. […] It is especially important to get the flu vaccine during this upcoming respiratory season when we anticipate COVID-19 and RSV will circulate as well.

• #2 Seasonal Flu – NYC Health

  https://www.nyc.gov/site/doh/health/health-topics/flu-seasonal.page

  The flu vaccine is usually given by an injection (shot), but there is also a nasal spray flu vaccine. […] The flu vaccines are very safe. […] Flu vaccines are made using killed flu viruses (for inactivated vaccines), or without flu virus at all (for recombinant vaccines). You cannot get the flu from a flu vaccine. […] In addition to getting vaccinated, follow these tips to help avoid getting and spreading flu: Wear a well-fitting mask in public indoor spaces and crowded places, and when you are sick and unable to separate from others. […] If you feel sick, or test positive for flu, stay home until, for at least 24 hours, your symptoms are improving and you have not had a fever without using fever-reducing medicines.

• #2 Protect yourself against flu: Learn more about preventive measures

  https://www.ecdc.europa.eu/en/seasonal-influenza/prevention-and-control/personal-protective-measures

  During periods of high community transmission of respiratory viruses such as SARS-CoV-2, influenza and RSV, ECDC recommends the use of face masks by healthcare staff, visitors and patients in primary and secondary healthcare settings. […] If used correctly, face masks can help reduce the risk of infection due to exposure to infectious droplets and aerosol, particularly if used along with other preventive measures, such as avoiding close contact and maintaining good hand hygiene. […] People with influenza-like symptoms should isolate and avoid close contact with other people. […] If this is not possible, the use of a facemask by people who are ill with influenza symptoms may help contain infectious respiratory secretions when the person coughs or sneezes and lower the risk for infection among close contacts.

• #2 Step Up to Prevent Flu – National Center for Health Promotion and Disease Prevention

  https://www.prevention.va.gov/flu/prevention/index.asp

  Use clean tissues and discard after each use. Cough or sneeze into your sleeve when you don’t have a tissue. […] Always clean your hands after coughing or sneezing. […] Step 6: Stay home when sick […] Because flu spreads easily from person to person, stay home when you are sick. Studies show you are most contagious and likely to spread flu virus to others for at least 5 days after your first symptoms start and at least 48 hours after your last fever. […] Treat flu by getting plenty of rest, drinking fluids, and using medicines that reduce fevers. Find out more about treating flu and when to seek medical care.

• #2 Influenza (Seasonal Flu) Prevention – Strategies to Keep You Healthy

  https://www.webmd.com/cold-and-flu/cold_flu_stopping_germs_work

  In addition to everything else smoking does to your body — from boosting your cancer risk to giving you premature wrinkles — it could make you more likely to get the flu. […] All these steps should keep you pretty well-armed against the flu. Still, even the best defense isn’t perfect. […] In case you do get sick, ask your doctor about antiviral flu drugs like baloxavir (Xofluza), oseltamivir (Tamiflu), peramivir (Rapivab), or zanamivir (Relenza). They can help you get better faster. But you need to take them within the first 2 days of getting sick. […] Stay home until you feel better and your fever has been gone (without the help of medicine) for at least 24 hours.

• #2 Prevention and treatment for seasonal influenza

  https://www.ecdc.europa.eu/en/seasonal-influenza/prevention-and-control

  In addition to vaccination, there are a number of personal measures that people may take to reduce their risk of acquiring influenza. […] Although vaccination is the preferred option for preventing influenza, antivirals can be useful when the vaccine fails.

• #2 Prophylaxis and treatment of influenza: options, antiviral susceptibility, and existing recommendations

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8165743/

  Neuraminidase inhibitors (NAI) are a class of antiviral agents acting against influenza A and B viruses by selectively inhibiting the viral neuraminidase and, thus, preventing the release of new viruses from infected cells as well as virus spread. […] In an outbreak situation, the use of neuraminidase inhibitors (NAI) might act as post-exposure prophylaxis in already infected individuals during the incubation period, or even as pre-exposure prophylaxis. […] Patients with native, acquired, or treatment-induced immunodeficiency are at a particular risk for complications due to influenza. […] NAI, especially oseltamivir, remain the drug of choice for influenza treatment and prevention today. […] Baloxavir marboxil presents a new therapeutic option with a single-dose oral regimen. […] Antivirals used as pre- and post-exposure prophylaxis represent an essential tool to stop outbreaks in institutions such as hospitals or nursery homes.

• #2 Flu Prevention | American Heart Association

  https://www.heart.org/en/health-topics/flu-prevention

  September and October are the best times for most people to get vaccinated. Try to get vaccinated by the end of October, but vaccination after October can still provide protection during the height of flu season. […] Getting a flu shot will help protect your health and the people you care about. […] Even if you get the flu vaccine, you can still get the flu, but it won’t be as severe. […] Antiviral drugs aren’t a substitute for the flu vaccine. […] Avoiding the flu is easier than you think, with these simple tips.

• #2 What’s New

  https://www.cdph.ca.gov/Programs/CID/DCDC/pages/immunization/influenza.aspx

  Flu can be a serious illness that is easily spread from person to person. CDC estimates that flu causes millions of illnesses, hundreds of thousands of hospitalizations and thousands of deaths each year in the United States. The best way to protect yourself and your family against flu is by getting vaccinated. Everyone six months of age and older should receive the flu vaccine every year. […] Flu vaccines help keep you from getting very sick from flu. Flu vaccines lower chances of illness and hospitalization. […] Flu vaccines lower the risk of serious flu complications. Especially among older adults or those with chronic health conditions such as asthma, diabetes, and heart disease. […] Flu vaccines during pregnancy help protect people who are pregnant and their babies from flu complications. This includes early delivery, low birth weight of the baby, and stillbirth.

• #2 Flu (influenza): Prevention and risks – Canada.ca

  https://www.canada.ca/en/public-health/services/diseases/flu-influenza/prevention-risks.html

  The flu vaccine (flu shot) is the best way to prevent the flu. Most people don’t have any side effects. Severe reactions are very rare. […] Almost everyone 6 months of age and older should get the flu vaccine. […] In addition to getting the flu vaccine, you can reduce your risk of getting or spreading the flu by: staying home when you’re sick, wearing a well-fitting mask, opening windows and doors when possible to improve indoor air ventilation, washing your hands often with soap and water for at least 20 seconds, coughing and sneezing into a tissue or your elbow instead of your hand, avoiding touching your eyes, nose or mouth with unclean hands, cleaning and disinfecting surfaces and objects regularly that are often touched by others. […] If you get the flu vaccine during pregnancy, you pass on protection to your baby. This is especially important as babies younger than 6 months can’t get vaccinated against the flu. Getting your flu vaccine can help protect your baby from the flu, both before and after birth. This is when they’re at highest risk of complications. […] The flu vaccine is particularly recommended for Indigenous Peoples based on studies showing more severe outcomes.

• #2 OCWR – Flu Prevention

  https://www.ocwr.gov/publications/fast-facts/flu-prevention/

  All employees should follow basic hygiene practices to prevent illness. […] The CDC recommends that all individuals get the flu vaccination and encourages employers to host flu vaccination clinics in the workplace. […] Employers can establish a variety of internal policies and practices to protect employees and constituents, including: […] Encouraging flu shots. […] Providing hand sanitizer dispensers. […] Establishing work policies or physical barriers that minimize contact between employees and the public. […] Using personal protective equipment such as gloves, face shields, or surgical masks, if appropriate.

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