Materiały źródłowe

• #1 Home-based nursing for improvement of quality of life and depression in patients with postpartum depression

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC7642553/

  Postpartum depression is a common mental illness in puerpera, with an incidence of approximately 3.5%-33.0% abroad, and the incidence of postpartum depression in China is higher than the international level, reaching 10.0%-38.0%. Providing effective nursing care in clinical nursing activities is one of the key points of obstetrical care. […] However, little research has been designed to investigate the positive role of home-based nursing in the prevention of postpartum depression. […] To study the effect of home-based nursing for postpartum depression patients on their quality of life and depression. […] The SAS and SDS scores of the home-based nursing group were significantly lower than those of the basic nursing group (P 0.05). The E2 and 5-HT levels of the home-based nursing group were significantly higher than those of the basic nursing group, but the PRGE level was significantly lower than that of the basic nursing group. The GQOLI-74 scores (material, social, somatic, and psychological) and nursing satisfaction were significantly higher in the home-based nursing group (P 0.05).

• #2 How to treat postpartum depression : Life Kit : NPR

  https://www.npr.org/2020/01/27/800139124/what-is-postpartum-depression-recognizing-the-signs-and-getting-help

  One in seven women experiences depression during or after pregnancy. The good news is that perinatal depression is treatable. […] Left untreated, depression during this time can have serious consequences on the health of the mother, the baby and the entire family. […] So, it’s important that women seek treatment, says Payne, because depression during and after pregnancy (called perinatal depression) is treatable, and women with the right treatment do recover. […] „Postpartum depression is actually the most common complication of childbirth,” Payne says. […] Women who have previously struggled with anxiety and depression are at a greater risk of developing depression or anxiety during this time period, Payne says. […] Recent medical guidelines, including from the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists, recommend that physicians proactively screen pregnant women and new mothers for depression and help women at risk get treatment.

• #3

  https://www.nursingcenter.com/cearticle?an=00000446-202107000-00025&Journal_ID=54030&Issue_ID=5949238

  ABSTRACT: Despite extensive research, the etiology behind postpartum depression (PPD) remains a mystery. […] This article provides foundational information about PPD, reviewing the risk factors for and the consequences of this mood disorder. […] Screening and treatment options are explained, and nursing implications for practice are presented. […] PPD is a debilitating condition characterized by such feelings as extreme sadness, anxiety, despair, irritability, anger, indifference, loss of pleasure, and hopelessness. […] PPD has profound consequences, affecting the mother, the baby, and the family. […] Because postpartum blues and postpartum psychosis have symptoms that overlap with those of PPD, initial assessment can be challenging. […] Nursing responsibilities include educating mothers and their partners on the signs and symptoms of postpartum blues, explaining that it’s a common condition, and encouraging them to seek further evaluation if symptoms worsen or persist beyond two weeks. […] If postpartum psychosis is suspected, the patient should be referred for psychiatric consult immediately.

• #4 Treating Postpartum Depression – Whole Health Library

  https://www.va.gov/WHOLEHEALTHLIBRARY/tools/treating-postpartum-depression.asp

  Women with postpartum depression have intense feelings of sadness, anxiety, or despair that can interfere with their ability to do their daily tasks. It can occur up to one year after having a baby, but it most commonly starts about one to three weeks after childbirth. The term postpartum depression commonly includes major and minor depression, which differ in severity and prognosis, and have a combined incidence of 12% in healthy women, who gave birth to full-term infants. […] Risk factors for postpartum depression include a history of postpartum major depression with a previous pregnancy, antenatal depressive symptoms (relative risk [RR] = 5.6), a history of major depressive disorder (RR = 4.5), poor social support (RR = 2.6), major life events or stressors during pregnancy (RR = 2.5), and a family history of postpartum major depression (RR = 2.4).

• #5 Postpartum Depression: Causes, Symptoms & Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/9312-postpartum-depression

  Postpartum depression is a common mood disorder that affects 1 in 7 women after giving birth. It’s not your fault, and you did nothing to cause it. It doesn’t make you a bad parent or a bad person. The biological, physical and chemical factors that cause PPD are beyond your control. Signs of postpartum depression include feeling sad or worthless, losing interest in things you once enjoyed, excessive crying and mood swings. Talk to your healthcare provider if you think you have postpartum depression. They can figure out how to best manage your symptoms. Counseling, medication or joining a support group can help.

• #6 Postpartum Depression Causes, Symptoms, and Treatments

  https://www.upmc.com/services/womens-health/conditions/postpartum-depression

  Physiological changes play a role, too. After childbirth, the levels of the hormones estrogen and progesterone in the brain quickly drop. This dramatic shift leads to chemical changes in the brain that may trigger mood swings. […] If you are at high risk and are expecting or have delivered a child recently, ask your provider to assess your risk for PPD. […] Left untreated, PPD can seriously harm a person’s health. They may not eat well or lack the energy to care for their child. They may even start to think about hurting themselves or their baby. […] Experts have also noted behavioral problems and developmental delays in infants whose parents have PPD. […] If you think you’re having a depressive episode or have any symptoms of postpartum depression, seek help from your doctor. Treatment can improve symptoms of postpartum depression and make sure you and your baby are safe and cared for.

• #7 Postpartum Depression Causes, Symptoms, and Treatments

  https://www.upmc.com/services/womens-health/conditions/postpartum-depression

  Physiological changes play a role, too. After childbirth, the levels of the hormones estrogen and progesterone in the brain quickly drop. This dramatic shift leads to chemical changes in the brain that may trigger mood swings. […] If you are at high risk and are expecting or have delivered a child recently, ask your provider to assess your risk for PPD. […] Left untreated, PPD can seriously harm a person’s health. They may not eat well or lack the energy to care for their child. They may even start to think about hurting themselves or their baby. […] Experts have also noted behavioral problems and developmental delays in infants whose parents have PPD. […] If you think you’re having a depressive episode or have any symptoms of postpartum depression, seek help from your doctor. Treatment can improve symptoms of postpartum depression and make sure you and your baby are safe and cared for.

• #8 Postpartum Depression | MemorialCareSearchMemorial Care Logoarrow-rightarrow-rightExitarrow-rightSearchfacebookTikTokYouTubeInstagramLinkedInCalendarcaret-down/expandarrow-rightarrow-rightarrow-rightarrow-rightarrow-leftarrow-rightarrow-rightarrow-rightEx

  https://www.memorialcare.org/services/maternity-care/postpartum-depression

  Symptoms […] Symptoms of postpartum depression and postpartum anxiety may include: […] Feeling sad or depressed […] Crying for no apparent reason […] Lack of energy or motivation […] Loss of appetite or overeating […] Changes in sleep patterns […] Difficulty concentrating or focusing […] Feeling hopeless, helpless or worthless […] Feelings of not being a good mother […] Lack of concern or being overprotective toward the baby […] Thoughts of hurting herself or baby […] Headaches, chest pains, heart palpitations, numbness or hyperventilation […] Feeling restless, irritable or “on edge” […] If you are experiencing any of the above symptoms, you should contact your health care provider. […] If you believe you are suffering from a postpartum mood disorder, it is important that you talk with your healthcare provider. All of the symptoms, from mild-to-severe, are temporary and treatable with skilled professional help and support.

• #9 Postpartum Depression: Diagnosis, Symptoms, Treatment

  https://familydoctor.org/condition/postpartum-depression/

  Postpartum depression is a mental health illness that affects women after giving birth. For some women, it is normal to feel the “baby blues” for a week or two after giving birth. With postpartum depression, feelings of sadness, loneliness, worthlessness, restlessness, and anxiety may last longer than two weeks. […] The symptoms of postpartum depression affect your quality of life and include: Feeling sad or down often, Frequent crying or tearfulness, Feeling restless, irritable, or anxious, Loss of interest or pleasure in life, Loss of appetite, Less energy and motivation to do things, Difficulty sleeping, including trouble falling asleep, trouble staying asleep, or sleeping more than usual, Feeling worthless, hopeless, or guilty, Unexplained weight loss or gain, Feeling like life isn’t worth living, Showing little interest in your baby, Not feeling attached to your baby.

• #10 Psychiatry.org – What is Perinatal Depression (formerly Postpartum)?

  https://www.psychiatry.org/patients-families/peripartum-depression/what-is-peripartum-depression

  Untreated perinatal depression is not only a problem for the individuals health and quality of life but can affect the well-being of the baby who can be born prematurely, with low birth weight. […] It is important to note that gestational carriers and surrogates are also at risk of developing peripartum depression. […] Symptoms of perinatal depression include (APA2022): Feeling sad or having a depressed mood, Loss of interest or pleasure in activities once enjoyed, Changes in appetite, Trouble sleeping or sleeping too much, Loss of energy or increased fatigue, Increase in purposeless physical activity (e.g., inability to still still, pacing, handwringing) or slowed movements or speech [these actions must be severe enough to be observable by others], Feeling worthless or guilty, Difficulty thinking, concentrating, or making decisions, Thoughts of death or suicide, Crying for no reason, Lack of interest in the baby, not feeling bonded to the baby, or feeling very anxious about/around the baby, Feelings of being a bad mother, Fear of harming the baby or oneself.

• #11 Postpartum Mood Disorders – RNpedia

  https://www.rnpedia.com/nursing-notes/maternal-and-child-nursing-notes/postpartum-mood-disorders/

  Postpartum depression without psychosis manifestations include confusion, fatigue, agitation, feelings of hopelessness and shame, and alterations in mood. […] Postpartum depression with psychosis manifestations include symptoms of postpartum depression plus delusions, auditory hallucinations, and hyperactivity. […] Identify postpartum mood disorders. […] Be aware of signs and symptoms of postpartum mood disorders. […] Teach the client and family about these disorders. […] Support and treat the client and family. […] Develop specific therapeutic goals. […] Maintain the prescribed medication schedule. […] Keep communication open with the health care providers; coordinate social services. […] Include family participation and involvement in plans of care. […] Make appropriate referrals.

• #12 Treating Postpartum Depression – Whole Health Library

  https://www.va.gov/WHOLEHEALTHLIBRARY/tools/treating-postpartum-depression.asp

  Women with postpartum depression have intense feelings of sadness, anxiety, or despair that can interfere with their ability to do their daily tasks. It can occur up to one year after having a baby, but it most commonly starts about one to three weeks after childbirth. The term postpartum depression commonly includes major and minor depression, which differ in severity and prognosis, and have a combined incidence of 12% in healthy women, who gave birth to full-term infants. […] Risk factors for postpartum depression include a history of postpartum major depression with a previous pregnancy, antenatal depressive symptoms (relative risk [RR] = 5.6), a history of major depressive disorder (RR = 4.5), poor social support (RR = 2.6), major life events or stressors during pregnancy (RR = 2.5), and a family history of postpartum major depression (RR = 2.4).

• #13 Postpartum Depression: Causes, Symptoms & Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/9312-postpartum-depression

  Postpartum depression is a type of depression that happens after having a baby. It affects up to 15% of women. Postpartum depression involves emotional highs and lows, frequent crying, fatigue, guilt and anxiety. You may have trouble caring for your baby. Postpartum depression can be treated with medication and counseling. […] If you have postpartum depression, know that you’re not alone. It’s not your fault. And that help is out there. Your healthcare provider can manage your symptoms and help you feel better. […] Postpartum depression is a far more serious condition than the baby blues, affecting about 1 in 7 new moms. If you’ve had postpartum depression before, your risk increases to 30% each pregnancy. You may experience alternating highs and lows, frequent crying, irritability and fatigue, as well as feelings of guilt, anxiety and inability to care for your baby or yourself. Symptoms range from mild to severe and may appear within a week of delivery or gradually, even up to a year later. Although symptoms can last several months, treatment with psychotherapy or antidepressants is very effective.

• #14 Postpartum Major Depression | AAFP

  https://www.aafp.org/pubs/afp/issues/2010/1015/p926.html

  The overall incidence of postpartum major depression is 5 to 7 percent in the first three months, suggesting that postpartum women have rates of major depression similar to those in the general population. […] Women with gestational diabetes and who give birth to multiples may also be at higher risk of postpartum major depression. […] Screening all women for depression during pregnancy or postpartum should be strongly considered; postpartum screening can be performed at the postpartum visit or two-month well-child visit. […] Women with postpartum major depression should be asked about suicidal ideation and, if necessary, referred for emergent psychiatric evaluation and possible hospitalization. […] Interpersonal therapy and cognitive behavior therapy in individual or group settings are effective in treating mild to moderate postpartum major depression.

• #15 Rose Program | Postpartum Depression Care | Women & Infants Hospital

  https://www.womenandinfants.org/rose-program-postpartum-depression

  Postpartum depression is a common public health problem with serious and lasting consequences for mother and child, especially among low-income women. Maternal mental health is a critical component of perinatal care and maternal safety. […] The ROSE Program (Reach Out, Stay Strong, Essentials for mothers of newborns) is an evidence-based program that has been shown to reduce cases of postpartum depression by half among low-income women in a series of randomized control trials. […] The ROSE Program includes 4 or 8 prenatal sessions and one post-natal booster session. Topics include psychoeducation on postpartum depression, managing the transition to motherhood, managing relationships, self-care, assertiveness and goal-setting, and a review session. The intervention is highly structured, easy to learn, and can be delivered in both Spanish and English. Nurses, health educators, and others with or without mental health expertise can successfully provide ROSE.

• #16

  https://www.nursingcenter.com/cearticle?an=00000446-202107000-00025&Journal_ID=54030&Issue_ID=5949238

  ABSTRACT: Despite extensive research, the etiology behind postpartum depression (PPD) remains a mystery. […] This article provides foundational information about PPD, reviewing the risk factors for and the consequences of this mood disorder. […] Screening and treatment options are explained, and nursing implications for practice are presented. […] PPD is a debilitating condition characterized by such feelings as extreme sadness, anxiety, despair, irritability, anger, indifference, loss of pleasure, and hopelessness. […] PPD has profound consequences, affecting the mother, the baby, and the family. […] Because postpartum blues and postpartum psychosis have symptoms that overlap with those of PPD, initial assessment can be challenging. […] Nursing responsibilities include educating mothers and their partners on the signs and symptoms of postpartum blues, explaining that it’s a common condition, and encouraging them to seek further evaluation if symptoms worsen or persist beyond two weeks. […] If postpartum psychosis is suspected, the patient should be referred for psychiatric consult immediately.

• #17 Efficacy and Safety of Screening for Postpartum Depression | Effective Health Care (EHC) Program

  https://effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/products/depression-postpartum-screening/research-protocol

  Depression is a potentially life-threatening condition with a substantial impact on quality of life. The impact of depression in postpartum women is at least as great as that for depression in other populations. Postpartum depression is defined in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 4th Edition, Text Revision (hereafter, DSM-IV-TR) as a major depressive disorder according to the diagnostic criteria listed in Table 1, with a secondary criterion of onset of symptoms within 4 weeks of delivery. […] There is high-quality evidence for effective treatment of patients who meet criteria for major depression in other settings; evidence is inconsistent for postpartum depression. […] Given the potential impact of postpartum depression on maternal and infant health, there has been considerable interest in strategies aimed at identifying women who are at risk for postpartum depression or who have postpartum depression, with the ultimate goal being the application of effective preventive or therapeutic interventions.

• #18 Postpartum Depression Causes, Symptoms, and Treatments

  https://www.upmc.com/services/womens-health/conditions/postpartum-depression

  Physiological changes play a role, too. After childbirth, the levels of the hormones estrogen and progesterone in the brain quickly drop. This dramatic shift leads to chemical changes in the brain that may trigger mood swings. […] If you are at high risk and are expecting or have delivered a child recently, ask your provider to assess your risk for PPD. […] Left untreated, PPD can seriously harm a person’s health. They may not eat well or lack the energy to care for their child. They may even start to think about hurting themselves or their baby. […] Experts have also noted behavioral problems and developmental delays in infants whose parents have PPD. […] If you think you’re having a depressive episode or have any symptoms of postpartum depression, seek help from your doctor. Treatment can improve symptoms of postpartum depression and make sure you and your baby are safe and cared for.

• #19 Zuranolone for the Treatment of Postpartum Depression | ACOG

  https://www.acog.org/clinical/clinical-guidance/practice-advisory/articles/2023/08/zuranolone-for-the-treatment-of-postpartum-depression

  Zuranolone is a neuroactive steroid gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) A receptor-positive modulator, and the first oral medication indicated to treat postpartum depression in adults. […] Perinatal mental health conditions via suicide and overdose/poisoning are the leading cause of overall and preventable maternal mortality, and thus understanding, discussing, and recommending treatment, including pharmacotherapy when indicated and needed, are within the scope of the obstetrician-gynecologists practice. […] The American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists recommends consideration of zuranolone in the postpartum period (ie, within 12 months postpartum) for depression that has onset in the third trimester or within 4 weeks postpartum. […] The decision to use zuranolone should balance the benefits (eg, significantly improved and rapidly resolved symptoms) with the risks and challenges (eg, potential suicidal thoughts or behavior, sedation that precludes performing some activities of daily living like driving, and lack of efficacy data beyond 45 days). […] The American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists recommends that a validated screening tool be used to monitor for response to treatment or remission of depression symptoms.

• #20 Psychiatry.org – What is Perinatal Depression (formerly Postpartum)?

  https://www.psychiatry.org/patients-families/peripartum-depression/what-is-peripartum-depression

  Untreated perinatal depression is not only a problem for the individuals health and quality of life but can affect the well-being of the baby who can be born prematurely, with low birth weight. […] It is important to note that gestational carriers and surrogates are also at risk of developing peripartum depression. […] Symptoms of perinatal depression include (APA2022): Feeling sad or having a depressed mood, Loss of interest or pleasure in activities once enjoyed, Changes in appetite, Trouble sleeping or sleeping too much, Loss of energy or increased fatigue, Increase in purposeless physical activity (e.g., inability to still still, pacing, handwringing) or slowed movements or speech [these actions must be severe enough to be observable by others], Feeling worthless or guilty, Difficulty thinking, concentrating, or making decisions, Thoughts of death or suicide, Crying for no reason, Lack of interest in the baby, not feeling bonded to the baby, or feeling very anxious about/around the baby, Feelings of being a bad mother, Fear of harming the baby or oneself.

• #21 Postpartum Major Depression | AAFP

  https://www.aafp.org/pubs/afp/issues/2010/1015/p926.html

  Postpartum major depression is a disorder that is often unrecognized and must be distinguished from baby blues. […] Screening with the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale may be appropriate. […] Psychotherapy or selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors may be used to treat the condition. […] In patients with moderate to severe postpartum major depression, psychotherapy may be used as an adjunct to medication. […] If left untreated, postpartum major depression can lead to poor mother-infant bonding, delays in infant growth and development, and an increased risk of anxiety or depressive symptoms in the infant later in life. […] The term postpartum depression commonly includes major and minor depression, which differ in severity and prognosis, and have a combined incidence of 7 to 15 percent in the first three months postpartum.

• #22 Postpartum Depression Causes, Symptoms, and Treatments

  https://www.upmc.com/services/womens-health/conditions/postpartum-depression

  Physiological changes play a role, too. After childbirth, the levels of the hormones estrogen and progesterone in the brain quickly drop. This dramatic shift leads to chemical changes in the brain that may trigger mood swings. […] If you are at high risk and are expecting or have delivered a child recently, ask your provider to assess your risk for PPD. […] Left untreated, PPD can seriously harm a person’s health. They may not eat well or lack the energy to care for their child. They may even start to think about hurting themselves or their baby. […] Experts have also noted behavioral problems and developmental delays in infants whose parents have PPD. […] If you think you’re having a depressive episode or have any symptoms of postpartum depression, seek help from your doctor. Treatment can improve symptoms of postpartum depression and make sure you and your baby are safe and cared for.

• #23 Vital Signs: Postpartum Depressive Symptoms and Provider Discussions About Perinatal Depression — United States, 2018 | MMWR

  https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/69/wr/mm6919a2.htm

  Perinatal depression is a complication of pregnancy associated with poor maternal and infant health outcomes. Universal screening of pregnant and postpartum women for depression is recommended. […] Although 13% of surveyed women with a recent live birth reported depressive symptoms during the postpartum period, one in five did not report a health care provider asking about depression during prenatal visits and one in eight reported they were not asked about depression during postpartum visits. […] Health care provider screening of all women in the perinatal period can increase identification of women at risk for depression and provision of care or referral for appropriate diagnosis and treatment. […] Screening to identify pregnant and postpartum women with depressive symptoms is recommended to provide diagnosis, treatment, and follow-up care to reduce poor outcomes.

• #24

  https://www.nursingcenter.com/cearticle?an=00000446-202107000-00025&Journal_ID=54030&Issue_ID=5949238

  Nurses in obstetric offices or clinics and birthing centers have opportunities to interact with mothers before delivery. […] Maternal-child health nurses typically first encounter mothers at the time of admission for labor and delivery. […] For example, tearful episodes can be symptomatic of postpartum blues or something more serious. […] Timely and appropriate treatment is crucial to managing PPD. […] Treatment can include psychotherapy, medication, or both, as well as alternative therapies. […] Psychological interventions include interpersonal therapy and cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT). […] Overall, these four instruments have demonstrated good reliability. […] The American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (ACOG) recommends initial screening for potential mood disorders during the first trimester, with subsequent screenings extending through the „fourth” trimester.

• #25 Postpartum depression – Diagnosis and treatment – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/postpartum-depression/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20376623

  Your health care provider will usually talk with you about your feelings, thoughts and mental health to help determine if you have a short-term case of postpartum baby blues or a more severe form of depression. Don’t be embarrassed postpartum depression is common. Share your symptoms with your provider so that you and your provider can create a useful treatment plan. […] Treatment and recovery time vary, depending on how severe your depression is and what your individual needs are. If you have an underactive thyroid or an underlying illness, your health care provider may treat those conditions or refer you to the appropriate specialist. Your health care provider may also refer you to a mental health professional. […] Postpartum depression is often treated with psychotherapy also called talk therapy or mental health counseling medicine or both.

• #26 Efficacy and Safety of Screening for Postpartum Depression | Effective Health Care (EHC) Program

  https://effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/products/depression-postpartum-screening/research-protocol

  All major organizations providing care to pregnant and postpartum women and infants recognize the risk of postpartum depression and the potential benefit of screening, but the strength of recommendations is variable. […] Screening for depression has the potential to benefit a woman and her family and should be strongly considered. […] Health care professionals may consider the use of self-report measures such as the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS), the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), or the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) as part of a subsequent assessment or for the routine monitoring of outcomes. […] Screening is often focused during pregnancy or the first 3 postpartum months in settings where care is provided to pregnant or postpartum women by providers such as obstetricians, family practitioners, or nurse-midwives.

• #27 Moms With Postpartum Depression Benefit From Improved Screening

  https://www.cedars-sinai.org/newsroom/moms-with-postpartum-depression-benefit-from-improved-screening/

  A new quality improvement (QI) initiative by Cedars-Sinai investigators in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology identified nurse training and education as key to successfully screening women in their care. […] An important tool for evaluating a patient for postpartum depression is a special questionnaire designed to identify the presence and seriousness of a mood disorder. […] If the results of a new mothers questionnaire suggest she needs help before she leaves the hospital, a visit with a social worker can be scheduled. […] The postpartum depression screening program at Cedars-Sinai has expanded to include outpatient follow-up. […] If we care about our patients mental health, screening must be made routine, just like we screen pregnant patients for diabetes.

• #28

  https://www.nursingcenter.com/cearticle?an=00000446-202107000-00025&Journal_ID=54030&Issue_ID=5949238

  Nurses in obstetric offices or clinics and birthing centers have opportunities to interact with mothers before delivery. […] Maternal-child health nurses typically first encounter mothers at the time of admission for labor and delivery. […] For example, tearful episodes can be symptomatic of postpartum blues or something more serious. […] Timely and appropriate treatment is crucial to managing PPD. […] Treatment can include psychotherapy, medication, or both, as well as alternative therapies. […] Psychological interventions include interpersonal therapy and cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT). […] Overall, these four instruments have demonstrated good reliability. […] The American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (ACOG) recommends initial screening for potential mood disorders during the first trimester, with subsequent screenings extending through the „fourth” trimester.

• #29 Perinatal mood & anxiety disorders (PMADs): Resources for healthcare providers | Mass.gov

  https://www.mass.gov/info-details/postpartum-depression-resources-for-health-care-providers

  Perinatal mood and anxiety disorders (PMADs) can impact parents, caregivers, and infants in many ways including: […] Health care providers serving pregnant and postpartum people have a unique and valuable position in screening for mental health disorders early and referring them to appropriate treatment. Universal screening for PMADs is essential for early identification and improving outcomes for parents, infants, and families. […] Several national organizations have recommended universal screening: […] Screening for perinatal mood and anxiety disorders with a standardized, validated screening tool allows healthcare providers to gain insights about a family’s situation and their current stressors. […] It’s important to normalize perinatal mood and anxiety disorders by using nonjudgmental and supportive language when screening your patients.

• #30 Efficacy and Safety of Screening for Postpartum Depression | Effective Health Care (EHC) Program

  https://effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/products/depression-postpartum-screening/research-protocol

  Depression is a potentially life-threatening condition with a substantial impact on quality of life. The impact of depression in postpartum women is at least as great as that for depression in other populations. Postpartum depression is defined in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 4th Edition, Text Revision (hereafter, DSM-IV-TR) as a major depressive disorder according to the diagnostic criteria listed in Table 1, with a secondary criterion of onset of symptoms within 4 weeks of delivery. […] There is high-quality evidence for effective treatment of patients who meet criteria for major depression in other settings; evidence is inconsistent for postpartum depression. […] Given the potential impact of postpartum depression on maternal and infant health, there has been considerable interest in strategies aimed at identifying women who are at risk for postpartum depression or who have postpartum depression, with the ultimate goal being the application of effective preventive or therapeutic interventions.

• #31

  https://www.nursingcenter.com/cearticle?an=00000446-202107000-00025&Journal_ID=54030&Issue_ID=5949238

  Nurses must be able to distinguish and recognize PPD. […] During that time, at least five of eight key symptoms lasting for at least two weeks must be present, with at least one of these symptoms being depressed mood or diminished interest and pleasure in activities. […] There is a clear need for more definitive ways to diagnose PPD. […] Nursing assessment of PPD involves collecting both objective and subjective data to evaluate the mother’s psychological state. […] All maternal vulnerabilities need to be recognized to ensure timely intervention and referral. […] Nurses can also follow up by phone with depressed mothers to ensure successful engagement, appropriate treatment, and follow-through. […] It’s likely that PPD is significantly underreported, and thus undertreated, because of the stigma attached to being diagnosed with mental illness during what „should” be a happy time. […] Nurses can begin to address these and other barriers through patient education, screening, and referral. […] Education is foundational and has been shown to reduce EPDS scores.

• #32 Psychiatry.org – What is Perinatal Depression (formerly Postpartum)?

  https://www.psychiatry.org/patients-families/peripartum-depression/what-is-peripartum-depression

  A person experiencing perinatal depression usually has several of these symptoms, and the symptoms and their severity may change. […] To be diagnosed with perinatal depression, symptoms must begin during pregnancy or within one year following delivery. […] Many people with perinatal depression also experience symptoms of anxiety. […] While there is no specific diagnostic test for perinatal depression, it is a clinical medical condition that is diagnosed by medical professionals. […] Any pregnant person or new parent who experiences the symptoms of perinatal depression should seek evaluation by a medical professional a family medicine doctor or an OB-GYN who can make referrals to a psychiatrist or other mental health professional. […] Assessment should include a psychiatric evaluation and a medical evaluation to rule out physical problems that may have symptoms similar to depression (such as thyroid problems or vitamin deficiencies).

• #33 Psychiatry.org – What is Perinatal Depression (formerly Postpartum)?

  https://www.psychiatry.org/patients-families/peripartum-depression/what-is-peripartum-depression

  A person experiencing perinatal depression usually has several of these symptoms, and the symptoms and their severity may change. […] To be diagnosed with perinatal depression, symptoms must begin during pregnancy or within one year following delivery. […] Many people with perinatal depression also experience symptoms of anxiety. […] While there is no specific diagnostic test for perinatal depression, it is a clinical medical condition that is diagnosed by medical professionals. […] Any pregnant person or new parent who experiences the symptoms of perinatal depression should seek evaluation by a medical professional a family medicine doctor or an OB-GYN who can make referrals to a psychiatrist or other mental health professional. […] Assessment should include a psychiatric evaluation and a medical evaluation to rule out physical problems that may have symptoms similar to depression (such as thyroid problems or vitamin deficiencies).

• #34

  https://www.nursingcenter.com/cearticle?an=00000446-202107000-00025&Journal_ID=54030&Issue_ID=5949238

  ABSTRACT: Despite extensive research, the etiology behind postpartum depression (PPD) remains a mystery. […] This article provides foundational information about PPD, reviewing the risk factors for and the consequences of this mood disorder. […] Screening and treatment options are explained, and nursing implications for practice are presented. […] PPD is a debilitating condition characterized by such feelings as extreme sadness, anxiety, despair, irritability, anger, indifference, loss of pleasure, and hopelessness. […] PPD has profound consequences, affecting the mother, the baby, and the family. […] Because postpartum blues and postpartum psychosis have symptoms that overlap with those of PPD, initial assessment can be challenging. […] Nursing responsibilities include educating mothers and their partners on the signs and symptoms of postpartum blues, explaining that it’s a common condition, and encouraging them to seek further evaluation if symptoms worsen or persist beyond two weeks. […] If postpartum psychosis is suspected, the patient should be referred for psychiatric consult immediately.

• #35 Moms With Postpartum Depression Benefit From Improved Screening

  https://www.cedars-sinai.org/newsroom/moms-with-postpartum-depression-benefit-from-improved-screening/

  Depression and anxiety during pregnancy or in the first 12 months after delivery is one of the most common perinatal medical complications. […] Nurse education is the key to successfully screening women for postpartum depression, which affects some 15% of mothers, according to a new quality improvement (QI) study from Cedars-Sinai. […] Training that helped nurses get comfortable with the topic of depression and to develop a non-judgmental attitude and openness to a patients questions and concerns is critical, said Eynav Accortt, PhD, principal investigator of the QI review and director of the Reproductive Psychology Program at Cedars-Sinai. […] Hospitals have been urged to institute postpartum depression screening and referral programs to identify and help women struggling with their mental health.

• #36

  https://www.nursingcenter.com/cearticle?an=00000446-202107000-00025&Journal_ID=54030&Issue_ID=5949238

  Nurses must be able to distinguish and recognize PPD. […] During that time, at least five of eight key symptoms lasting for at least two weeks must be present, with at least one of these symptoms being depressed mood or diminished interest and pleasure in activities. […] There is a clear need for more definitive ways to diagnose PPD. […] Nursing assessment of PPD involves collecting both objective and subjective data to evaluate the mother’s psychological state. […] All maternal vulnerabilities need to be recognized to ensure timely intervention and referral. […] Nurses can also follow up by phone with depressed mothers to ensure successful engagement, appropriate treatment, and follow-through. […] It’s likely that PPD is significantly underreported, and thus undertreated, because of the stigma attached to being diagnosed with mental illness during what „should” be a happy time. […] Nurses can begin to address these and other barriers through patient education, screening, and referral. […] Education is foundational and has been shown to reduce EPDS scores.

• #37 Nursing Interventions in Postpartum Depression – Maternal & Newborn

  https://www.naxlex.com/nursing/study-guides/maternal-newborn-postpartum-depression-nursing-interventions-in-postpartum-depression

  Assessment: Screen all women for postpartum depression using validated tools such as the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS). […] Education and Support: Provide information about postpartum depression, its symptoms, and its impact on the mother and baby. […] Medication Management: Collaborate with the healthcare provider to initiate appropriate antidepressant therapy if indicated. […] Psychotherapy: Recommend individual or group therapy sessions. […] Safety Assessment: Assess for suicidality or self-harm risk. […] Referrals: Collaborate with the interdisciplinary team to refer women to specialized services as needed, such as social workers, psychologists, or psychiatrists.

• #38

  https://www.nursingcenter.com/cearticle?an=00000446-202107000-00025&Journal_ID=54030&Issue_ID=5949238

  Nurses in obstetric offices or clinics and birthing centers have opportunities to interact with mothers before delivery. […] Maternal-child health nurses typically first encounter mothers at the time of admission for labor and delivery. […] For example, tearful episodes can be symptomatic of postpartum blues or something more serious. […] Timely and appropriate treatment is crucial to managing PPD. […] Treatment can include psychotherapy, medication, or both, as well as alternative therapies. […] Psychological interventions include interpersonal therapy and cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT). […] Overall, these four instruments have demonstrated good reliability. […] The American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (ACOG) recommends initial screening for potential mood disorders during the first trimester, with subsequent screenings extending through the „fourth” trimester.

• #39 Postpartum Depression Nursing Care and Management

  https://nurseslabs.com/postpartum-depression/

  The postpartum period is typically characterized by immense joy and excitement as new mothers welcome their babies into the world. However, for some women, this period can also be accompanied by feelings of sadness, anxiety, and overwhelming emotions known as postpartum depression (PPD). As nursing professionals, understanding and addressing the complexities of postpartum depression is vital to providing comprehensive care and support for new mothers during this vulnerable phase of their lives. […] Nurses must be alert in sensing the current psychological state of the patient too. They must provide a precise data of the patients well-being to give way to a more accurate care plan for a woman with postpartum depression. […] Assist the woman in planning for her daily activities, such as her nutrition program, exercise, and sleep.

• #40 Nursing Interventions for Postpartum Depression and Coping Strategies | Report – Edubirdie

  https://edubirdie.com/docs/fairleigh-dickinson-university/nurs3300-medical-surgical-nursing/122002-nursing-interventions-for-postpartum-depression-and-coping-strategies

  Nursing Diagnosis Expected Outcome Risk for Ineffective After Coping Related to implementation Depression in of nursing care, response to stressors client will associated with verbalize feelings childbirth and with the parenting significant other and health care provider throughout the postpartum period […] 1. Active-listen and identify client9s perceptions of current situation. 1. To assess client9s coping abilities and evaluate her ability to understand present situation. […] 2. Encourage significant other (SO) to spend time with the client. 2. One of the best strategy to help mothers decrease their well-being during the postpartum period is conveying a caring attitude. This is demonstrated by the SO spending quality time with her. […] 3. Frequent contact with other adults (SO or close friend) keeps away feelings of isolation. 3. Emphasize the need for continued communication with the partner or a close friend who is available to provide support when loneliness or anxiety becomes a problem.

• #41 Postpartum Depression Nursing Care and Management

  https://nurseslabs.com/postpartum-depression/

  The postpartum period is typically characterized by immense joy and excitement as new mothers welcome their babies into the world. However, for some women, this period can also be accompanied by feelings of sadness, anxiety, and overwhelming emotions known as postpartum depression (PPD). As nursing professionals, understanding and addressing the complexities of postpartum depression is vital to providing comprehensive care and support for new mothers during this vulnerable phase of their lives. […] Nurses must be alert in sensing the current psychological state of the patient too. They must provide a precise data of the patients well-being to give way to a more accurate care plan for a woman with postpartum depression. […] Assist the woman in planning for her daily activities, such as her nutrition program, exercise, and sleep.

• #42 Postpartum Depression Nursing Care and Management

  https://nurseslabs.com/postpartum-depression/

  Recommend support groups to the woman so she can have a system where she can share her feelings. […] Advise the woman to take some time for herself every day so she can have a break from her regular baby care. […] Encourage the woman to keep in touch with her social circle as they can also serve as her support system. […] The psychological health of a mother has as much impact as well as her physical health. Her well-being must also be ensured because she is the number caregiver of the infant, and the bonding between mother and child would only be possible if both of them are in a state of good holistic health.

• #43

  https://www.nursingcenter.com/cearticle?an=00000446-202107000-00025&Journal_ID=54030&Issue_ID=5949238

  Nurses must be able to distinguish and recognize PPD. […] During that time, at least five of eight key symptoms lasting for at least two weeks must be present, with at least one of these symptoms being depressed mood or diminished interest and pleasure in activities. […] There is a clear need for more definitive ways to diagnose PPD. […] Nursing assessment of PPD involves collecting both objective and subjective data to evaluate the mother’s psychological state. […] All maternal vulnerabilities need to be recognized to ensure timely intervention and referral. […] Nurses can also follow up by phone with depressed mothers to ensure successful engagement, appropriate treatment, and follow-through. […] It’s likely that PPD is significantly underreported, and thus undertreated, because of the stigma attached to being diagnosed with mental illness during what „should” be a happy time. […] Nurses can begin to address these and other barriers through patient education, screening, and referral. […] Education is foundational and has been shown to reduce EPDS scores.

• #44 Nursing Interventions in Postpartum Depression – Maternal & Newborn

  https://www.naxlex.com/nursing/study-guides/maternal-newborn-postpartum-depression-nursing-interventions-in-postpartum-depression

  Assessment: Screen all women for postpartum depression using validated tools such as the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS). […] Education and Support: Provide information about postpartum depression, its symptoms, and its impact on the mother and baby. […] Medication Management: Collaborate with the healthcare provider to initiate appropriate antidepressant therapy if indicated. […] Psychotherapy: Recommend individual or group therapy sessions. […] Safety Assessment: Assess for suicidality or self-harm risk. […] Referrals: Collaborate with the interdisciplinary team to refer women to specialized services as needed, such as social workers, psychologists, or psychiatrists.

• #45 11 Postpartum Nursing Diagnosis, Care Plans, and More – General Student Support

  https://allnurses.com/postpartum-nursing-diagnosis-care-plans-t61959/

  For new mothers, the postpartum period comes with significant changes as they adapt to their new role and heal from giving birth. Potential mental health challenges exist as hormonal changes and other factors cause postpartum depression in 6.5% to 20% of women. […] Your role also encompasses watching out for symptoms that could indicate physical or psychological complications to address these issues early and improve the outcome with a relevant treatment plan. […] As a nurse, you can also make a difference by developing a personalized care plan that reflects each patient’s unique health history. […] Assess to which extent depression and other health challenges play a part in feelings of inadequacy as a parent. […] Educate the patient about hormonal changes and other postpartum changes to make these symptoms easier to navigate. […] Connect the patient to appropriate resources: Discuss mental health and encourage the patient to seek help from their support network or community resources to treat underlying mood disorders.

• #46 11 Postpartum Nursing Diagnosis, Care Plans, and More – General Student Support

  https://allnurses.com/postpartum-nursing-diagnosis-care-plans-t61959/

  For new mothers, the postpartum period comes with significant changes as they adapt to their new role and heal from giving birth. Potential mental health challenges exist as hormonal changes and other factors cause postpartum depression in 6.5% to 20% of women. […] Your role also encompasses watching out for symptoms that could indicate physical or psychological complications to address these issues early and improve the outcome with a relevant treatment plan. […] As a nurse, you can also make a difference by developing a personalized care plan that reflects each patient’s unique health history. […] Assess to which extent depression and other health challenges play a part in feelings of inadequacy as a parent. […] Educate the patient about hormonal changes and other postpartum changes to make these symptoms easier to navigate. […] Connect the patient to appropriate resources: Discuss mental health and encourage the patient to seek help from their support network or community resources to treat underlying mood disorders.

• #47 Nursing Interventions for Postpartum Depression and Coping Strategies | Report – Edubirdie

  https://edubirdie.com/docs/fairleigh-dickinson-university/nurs3300-medical-surgical-nursing/122002-nursing-interventions-for-postpartum-depression-and-coping-strategies

  4. Encourage verbalization of fears and anxieties and expressions of feelings depression. […] 5. Discuss the realities of parenting and the fact that it may be exhausting. It may be helpful to rehearse some of the situations that may occur such as a fussy baby or being home alone. […] 6. Point out infant cues and explain their meaning. Suggest measures that may enhance her sensitivity to infant cues. […] 7. Include the spouse in discussions about the woman9s condition. Offer practical ways the spouse can help the new mother manage the changes in their lives. […] 8. Emphasize the importance of the mother taking the medication as ordered. […] 9. Assist the mother and her partner in identifying people who are available to provide support. […] 4. Allowing the client to vent out negative feelings helps meet the new mother9s psychological needs. It is important to recommend to her though, to acknowledge these 8negative feelings.9

• #48 Nursing Interventions for Postpartum Depression and Coping Strategies | Report – Edubirdie

  https://edubirdie.com/docs/fairleigh-dickinson-university/nurs3300-medical-surgical-nursing/122002-nursing-interventions-for-postpartum-depression-and-coping-strategies

  5. This is a good way to help the woman develop perspective and accept her new role as a mother. […] 6. Model behavior to show the mother how to respond to the infant9s cues can help her be more sensitive to her infant9s needs. This helps her feel better about herself and her ability to care for the infant. […] 7. The way the spouse responds and handles the situation can affect the woman positively or negatively. […] 8. Antidepressants are often used for PPD and may be continued for 6 months or more. […] 9. Depression responds best to a combination of psychotherapy, social support and medication. It is important to identify other support people (apart from the spouse) to serve as the woman9s social support.

• #49 Postpartum Depression: Causes, Symptoms & Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/9312-postpartum-depression

  Postpartum depression is a common mood disorder that affects 1 in 7 women after giving birth. It’s not your fault, and you did nothing to cause it. It doesn’t make you a bad parent or a bad person. The biological, physical and chemical factors that cause PPD are beyond your control. Signs of postpartum depression include feeling sad or worthless, losing interest in things you once enjoyed, excessive crying and mood swings. Talk to your healthcare provider if you think you have postpartum depression. They can figure out how to best manage your symptoms. Counseling, medication or joining a support group can help.

• #50 Postpartum Depression: Causes, Symptoms & Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/9312-postpartum-depression

  Postpartum depression is a common mood disorder that affects 1 in 7 women after giving birth. It’s not your fault, and you did nothing to cause it. It doesn’t make you a bad parent or a bad person. The biological, physical and chemical factors that cause PPD are beyond your control. Signs of postpartum depression include feeling sad or worthless, losing interest in things you once enjoyed, excessive crying and mood swings. Talk to your healthcare provider if you think you have postpartum depression. They can figure out how to best manage your symptoms. Counseling, medication or joining a support group can help.

• #51 Postpartum Depression Nursing Care and Management

  https://nurseslabs.com/postpartum-depression/

  Recommend support groups to the woman so she can have a system where she can share her feelings. […] Advise the woman to take some time for herself every day so she can have a break from her regular baby care. […] Encourage the woman to keep in touch with her social circle as they can also serve as her support system. […] The psychological health of a mother has as much impact as well as her physical health. Her well-being must also be ensured because she is the number caregiver of the infant, and the bonding between mother and child would only be possible if both of them are in a state of good holistic health.

• #52 Postpartum Depression – WellSpan Health

  https://www.wellspan.org/conditions-and-treatments/postpartum-depression

  We offer various support groups for women experiencing postpartum depression, providing a safe and supportive environment to connect with others who understand what you’re going through. […] We offer telehealth services for postpartum depression, allowing you to receive care from the comfort of your own home. […] Our behavioral health team works closely with our Ob/Gyn and pediatrics teams to provide integrated care for women experiencing postpartum depression, ensuring all your needs are met.

• #53 Postpartum Depression Interventions

  https://digitalshowcase.oru.edu/nurs_undergrad_work/8/

  PPD affects up to 19% of women worldwide. […] The purpose of this systematic review is to synthesize current research to answer the question, what nursing interventions best treat postpartum depression affecting mothers of low SES in developed countries. […] Of these interventions in the discussion, exercise is the most effective. […] Peer support increases maternal mood and likelihood of seeking professional help. […] Better education during late pregnancy and early postpartum may decrease depressive symptoms and increase the likelihood of women seeking professional help.

• #54 Postpartum Depression Interventions

  https://digitalshowcase.oru.edu/nurs_undergrad_work/8/

  PPD affects up to 19% of women worldwide. […] The purpose of this systematic review is to synthesize current research to answer the question, what nursing interventions best treat postpartum depression affecting mothers of low SES in developed countries. […] Of these interventions in the discussion, exercise is the most effective. […] Peer support increases maternal mood and likelihood of seeking professional help. […] Better education during late pregnancy and early postpartum may decrease depressive symptoms and increase the likelihood of women seeking professional help.

• #55 Treating Postpartum Depression – Whole Health Library

  https://www.va.gov/WHOLEHEALTHLIBRARY/tools/treating-postpartum-depression.asp

  Studies suggest a link between low serum vitamin D levels and an increased risk of postpartum depression. […] Exercise and fresh air can be very therapeutic to mothers, who often find themselves spending a lot of time indoors, tending to their babys needs. […] Social connection is necessary during the postpartum time. Encourage mothers to ask for help and connect with family, friends, and supportive people through recreation, classes, religious groups, etc. […] Postpartum Support International (PSI), a world-wide organization founded in 1987, exists to provide support, reliable information, resources, and education for distress in pregnancy and postpartum.

• #56 Postpartum Depression: Diagnosis, Symptoms, Treatment

  https://familydoctor.org/condition/postpartum-depression/

  Postpartum depression cannot be prevented or avoided. However, if you have a history of depression or postpartum depression after giving birth to other children, you can prepare. Preparation might include keeping your mind and body healthy. Eat healthy during your pregnancy, exercise, and learn stress reduction strategies. […] Postpartum depression is treated much like any other depression. Support, counseling (talk therapy), and prescription medicines (antidepressants) can help. Talk with your doctor about what treatment is best for you. […] If you are breastfeeding, talk to your doctor about the benefits and risks of taking an antidepressant. Many antidepressant medicines are safe for breastfeeding infants. Your doctor can decide which medicine you can use while nursing your baby. […] You’re not expected to be a supermom. Be honest about how much you can do. Ask other people to help you when you need it. Find a support group in your area. They can put you in touch with people near you who have experience with postpartum depression.

• #57 Postpartum Major Depression | AAFP

  https://www.aafp.org/pubs/afp/issues/2010/1015/p926.html

  Individual or group psychotherapy is an effective treatment for mild to moderate postpartum major depression. […] Psychotherapy can also be used as adjunct therapy with medication in moderate to severe postpartum major depression. […] Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors have become the mainstay of treatment for moderate to severe postpartum major depression because of their favorable adverse effect profiles and relative safety in overdose compared with tricyclic antidepressants. […] Before prescribing an agent for postpartum major depression, physicians should consider the patient’s experience with antidepressants. […] Although breastfed infants are unlikely to experience adverse effects from antidepressant medications, infants should be monitored for symptoms, such as persistent irritability, decreased feeding, or poor weight gain.

• #58 Perinatal and Postpartum Depression | Ohio State Medical Center

  https://wexnermedical.osu.edu/mental-behavioral/womens-behavioral-health/perinatal-postpartum-depression

  Actions that can help reduce the impacts of postpartum depression and anxiety include: Relying on a support network so you can make sure you get the necessary sleep, food, exercise and overall support to recover and take care of your family. […] At Womens Behavioral Health at the Ohio State Wexner Medical Center, we specialize in identifying and treating mental health conditions during pregnancy and postpartum. […] Our comprehensive treatment planning, which often involves a combination of group prevention education, medication and psychotherapy (talk therapy), is tailored to the individual, always striving for the best outcomes for new parents and their baby. […] Antidepressants and anti-anxiety medications can be used to effectively treat perinatal mental health conditions. […] Types of psychotherapy that can be effective include cognitive behavioral therapy and interpersonal therapy. We provide individual and group therapy. […] We provide safe and effective treatment of mental health issues after delivery. […] If you know someone with a postpartum mood disorder, it can be difficult to know the best ways to help.

• #59 Perinatal and Postpartum Depression | Ohio State Medical Center

  https://wexnermedical.osu.edu/mental-behavioral/womens-behavioral-health/perinatal-postpartum-depression

  Actions that can help reduce the impacts of postpartum depression and anxiety include: Relying on a support network so you can make sure you get the necessary sleep, food, exercise and overall support to recover and take care of your family. […] At Womens Behavioral Health at the Ohio State Wexner Medical Center, we specialize in identifying and treating mental health conditions during pregnancy and postpartum. […] Our comprehensive treatment planning, which often involves a combination of group prevention education, medication and psychotherapy (talk therapy), is tailored to the individual, always striving for the best outcomes for new parents and their baby. […] Antidepressants and anti-anxiety medications can be used to effectively treat perinatal mental health conditions. […] Types of psychotherapy that can be effective include cognitive behavioral therapy and interpersonal therapy. We provide individual and group therapy. […] We provide safe and effective treatment of mental health issues after delivery. […] If you know someone with a postpartum mood disorder, it can be difficult to know the best ways to help.

• #60 Perinatal and Postpartum Depression | Ohio State Medical Center

  https://wexnermedical.osu.edu/mental-behavioral/womens-behavioral-health/perinatal-postpartum-depression

  Actions that can help reduce the impacts of postpartum depression and anxiety include: Relying on a support network so you can make sure you get the necessary sleep, food, exercise and overall support to recover and take care of your family. […] At Womens Behavioral Health at the Ohio State Wexner Medical Center, we specialize in identifying and treating mental health conditions during pregnancy and postpartum. […] Our comprehensive treatment planning, which often involves a combination of group prevention education, medication and psychotherapy (talk therapy), is tailored to the individual, always striving for the best outcomes for new parents and their baby. […] Antidepressants and anti-anxiety medications can be used to effectively treat perinatal mental health conditions. […] Types of psychotherapy that can be effective include cognitive behavioral therapy and interpersonal therapy. We provide individual and group therapy. […] We provide safe and effective treatment of mental health issues after delivery. […] If you know someone with a postpartum mood disorder, it can be difficult to know the best ways to help.

• #61 Postpartum depression | March of Dimes

  https://www.marchofdimes.org/find-support/topics/postpartum/postpartum-depression

  Yes. PPD can make it hard for you to care for yourself and your baby. This is why its important to treat PPD as soon as possible. […] Getting treatment for PPD can help you feel better and be able to care for your baby. If you think you have PPD, tell your provider. […] The U.S. Preventive Services Task Force says that certain kinds of counseling (also called therapy) can prevent perinatal depression (including PPD) for women at increased risk of depression. […] If you think you may have PPD, see your health care provider right away. […] Treatment can include: Counseling, like CBT and IPT, Support groups, Medicine. […] If you have PPD, what can you do to help you feel better? […] Stay healthy and fit. […] Ask for and accept help. […] Reduce your stress. […] If you have postpartum psychosis, you need treatment to get better. Call your health care provider right away if you have any of these signs or symptoms.

• #62 Perinatal and Postpartum Depression | Ohio State Medical Center

  https://wexnermedical.osu.edu/mental-behavioral/womens-behavioral-health/perinatal-postpartum-depression

  Actions that can help reduce the impacts of postpartum depression and anxiety include: Relying on a support network so you can make sure you get the necessary sleep, food, exercise and overall support to recover and take care of your family. […] At Womens Behavioral Health at the Ohio State Wexner Medical Center, we specialize in identifying and treating mental health conditions during pregnancy and postpartum. […] Our comprehensive treatment planning, which often involves a combination of group prevention education, medication and psychotherapy (talk therapy), is tailored to the individual, always striving for the best outcomes for new parents and their baby. […] Antidepressants and anti-anxiety medications can be used to effectively treat perinatal mental health conditions. […] Types of psychotherapy that can be effective include cognitive behavioral therapy and interpersonal therapy. We provide individual and group therapy. […] We provide safe and effective treatment of mental health issues after delivery. […] If you know someone with a postpartum mood disorder, it can be difficult to know the best ways to help.

• #63 Postpartum Major Depression | AAFP

  https://www.aafp.org/pubs/afp/issues/2010/1015/p926.html

  Individual or group psychotherapy is an effective treatment for mild to moderate postpartum major depression. […] Psychotherapy can also be used as adjunct therapy with medication in moderate to severe postpartum major depression. […] Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors have become the mainstay of treatment for moderate to severe postpartum major depression because of their favorable adverse effect profiles and relative safety in overdose compared with tricyclic antidepressants. […] Before prescribing an agent for postpartum major depression, physicians should consider the patient’s experience with antidepressants. […] Although breastfed infants are unlikely to experience adverse effects from antidepressant medications, infants should be monitored for symptoms, such as persistent irritability, decreased feeding, or poor weight gain.

• #64 Zuranolone for the Treatment of Postpartum Depression | ACOG

  https://www.acog.org/clinical/clinical-guidance/practice-advisory/articles/2023/08/zuranolone-for-the-treatment-of-postpartum-depression

  Zuranolone is a neuroactive steroid gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) A receptor-positive modulator, and the first oral medication indicated to treat postpartum depression in adults. […] Perinatal mental health conditions via suicide and overdose/poisoning are the leading cause of overall and preventable maternal mortality, and thus understanding, discussing, and recommending treatment, including pharmacotherapy when indicated and needed, are within the scope of the obstetrician-gynecologists practice. […] The American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists recommends consideration of zuranolone in the postpartum period (ie, within 12 months postpartum) for depression that has onset in the third trimester or within 4 weeks postpartum. […] The decision to use zuranolone should balance the benefits (eg, significantly improved and rapidly resolved symptoms) with the risks and challenges (eg, potential suicidal thoughts or behavior, sedation that precludes performing some activities of daily living like driving, and lack of efficacy data beyond 45 days). […] The American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists recommends that a validated screening tool be used to monitor for response to treatment or remission of depression symptoms.

• #65 Psychiatry.org – What is Perinatal Depression (formerly Postpartum)?

  https://www.psychiatry.org/patients-families/peripartum-depression/what-is-peripartum-depression

  Untreated perinatal depression is not only a problem for the individuals health and quality of life but can affect the well-being of the baby who can be born prematurely, with low birth weight. […] It is important to note that gestational carriers and surrogates are also at risk of developing peripartum depression. […] Symptoms of perinatal depression include (APA2022): Feeling sad or having a depressed mood, Loss of interest or pleasure in activities once enjoyed, Changes in appetite, Trouble sleeping or sleeping too much, Loss of energy or increased fatigue, Increase in purposeless physical activity (e.g., inability to still still, pacing, handwringing) or slowed movements or speech [these actions must be severe enough to be observable by others], Feeling worthless or guilty, Difficulty thinking, concentrating, or making decisions, Thoughts of death or suicide, Crying for no reason, Lack of interest in the baby, not feeling bonded to the baby, or feeling very anxious about/around the baby, Feelings of being a bad mother, Fear of harming the baby or oneself.

• #66 Postpartum Depression: Diagnosis, Symptoms, Treatment

  https://familydoctor.org/condition/postpartum-depression/

  Postpartum depression cannot be prevented or avoided. However, if you have a history of depression or postpartum depression after giving birth to other children, you can prepare. Preparation might include keeping your mind and body healthy. Eat healthy during your pregnancy, exercise, and learn stress reduction strategies. […] Postpartum depression is treated much like any other depression. Support, counseling (talk therapy), and prescription medicines (antidepressants) can help. Talk with your doctor about what treatment is best for you. […] If you are breastfeeding, talk to your doctor about the benefits and risks of taking an antidepressant. Many antidepressant medicines are safe for breastfeeding infants. Your doctor can decide which medicine you can use while nursing your baby. […] You’re not expected to be a supermom. Be honest about how much you can do. Ask other people to help you when you need it. Find a support group in your area. They can put you in touch with people near you who have experience with postpartum depression.

• #67 Postpartum Major Depression | AAFP

  https://www.aafp.org/pubs/afp/issues/2010/1015/p926.html

  Individual or group psychotherapy is an effective treatment for mild to moderate postpartum major depression. […] Psychotherapy can also be used as adjunct therapy with medication in moderate to severe postpartum major depression. […] Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors have become the mainstay of treatment for moderate to severe postpartum major depression because of their favorable adverse effect profiles and relative safety in overdose compared with tricyclic antidepressants. […] Before prescribing an agent for postpartum major depression, physicians should consider the patient’s experience with antidepressants. […] Although breastfed infants are unlikely to experience adverse effects from antidepressant medications, infants should be monitored for symptoms, such as persistent irritability, decreased feeding, or poor weight gain.

• #68 Perinatal and Postpartum Depression | Ohio State Medical Center

  https://wexnermedical.osu.edu/mental-behavioral/womens-behavioral-health/perinatal-postpartum-depression

  Actions that can help reduce the impacts of postpartum depression and anxiety include: Relying on a support network so you can make sure you get the necessary sleep, food, exercise and overall support to recover and take care of your family. […] At Womens Behavioral Health at the Ohio State Wexner Medical Center, we specialize in identifying and treating mental health conditions during pregnancy and postpartum. […] Our comprehensive treatment planning, which often involves a combination of group prevention education, medication and psychotherapy (talk therapy), is tailored to the individual, always striving for the best outcomes for new parents and their baby. […] Antidepressants and anti-anxiety medications can be used to effectively treat perinatal mental health conditions. […] Types of psychotherapy that can be effective include cognitive behavioral therapy and interpersonal therapy. We provide individual and group therapy. […] We provide safe and effective treatment of mental health issues after delivery. […] If you know someone with a postpartum mood disorder, it can be difficult to know the best ways to help.

• #69 Postpartum Depression – WellSpan Health

  https://www.wellspan.org/conditions-and-treatments/postpartum-depression

  We offer various support groups for women experiencing postpartum depression, providing a safe and supportive environment to connect with others who understand what you’re going through. […] We offer telehealth services for postpartum depression, allowing you to receive care from the comfort of your own home. […] Our behavioral health team works closely with our Ob/Gyn and pediatrics teams to provide integrated care for women experiencing postpartum depression, ensuring all your needs are met.

• #70 Postpartum Depression – WellSpan Health

  https://www.wellspan.org/conditions-and-treatments/postpartum-depression

  We offer various support groups for women experiencing postpartum depression, providing a safe and supportive environment to connect with others who understand what you’re going through. […] We offer telehealth services for postpartum depression, allowing you to receive care from the comfort of your own home. […] Our behavioral health team works closely with our Ob/Gyn and pediatrics teams to provide integrated care for women experiencing postpartum depression, ensuring all your needs are met.

• #71 Postpartum Depression and Perinatal Depression | AHN

  https://www.ahn.org/services/womens-health/behavioral-health/perinatal-depression-symptoms

  Perinatal and postpartum depression services at AHN: Why choose us? […] A unique mother-baby intensive outpatient program: AHN is one of the few hospitals in the country to offer intensive mother-baby outpatient treatment for postpartum depression. Its the first such program in the area, taking place at West Penn Hospital. You can bring your baby with you to sessions, so you can continue to bond while you receive care. […] Comprehensive psychological therapy: Our staff offers hour-long, weekly therapy sessions for depression. We also treat other common postpartum disorders, including obsessive-compulsive disorder, anxiety, and panic. […] Regular mood disorder screenings: We will routinely screen you for depression throughout your pregnancy and after you give birth. […] Rapid treatment: When youre depressed or suffering from another mood disorder, you dont want to wait for help. If you screen positive for a mood disorder, youll be contacted by our staff within 48 hours and receive an intake appointment with a clinician within two weeks.

• #72

  https://www.aurorahealthcare.org/services/behavioral-health-addiction/postpartum-depression

  But postpartum depression (PPD) is a more serious, long-lasting form of depression that new moms may experience. […] If you’re experiencing PPD, it’s important to remember that this is a common and temporary disorder. Postpartum depression is not your fault and doesn’t mean that you are weak. With prompt, appropriate treatment, postpartum depression symptoms can be managed. […] Call your health care provider if you notice several of these postpartum depression symptoms that last more than two weeks or if your depressed feelings are getting worse. The sooner you get help, the sooner you’ll feel better. […] If you’re experiencing symptoms of PPD, feeling hopeless and alone, know that our experts are here to help. […] Talk therapy is the first choice for treatment of mild depression. […] Medicine can be a key component to treatment for moderate or severe PPD. […] Having strong support from your partner, family and friends can help you avoid postpartum depression or deal with it if it develops. […] Getting enough sleep and eating healthy foods are just as important when you have a new baby as they are in the rest of your life.

• #73 Postpartum depression | March of Dimes

  https://www.marchofdimes.org/find-support/topics/postpartum/postpartum-depression

  Yes. PPD can make it hard for you to care for yourself and your baby. This is why its important to treat PPD as soon as possible. […] Getting treatment for PPD can help you feel better and be able to care for your baby. If you think you have PPD, tell your provider. […] The U.S. Preventive Services Task Force says that certain kinds of counseling (also called therapy) can prevent perinatal depression (including PPD) for women at increased risk of depression. […] If you think you may have PPD, see your health care provider right away. […] Treatment can include: Counseling, like CBT and IPT, Support groups, Medicine. […] If you have PPD, what can you do to help you feel better? […] Stay healthy and fit. […] Ask for and accept help. […] Reduce your stress. […] If you have postpartum psychosis, you need treatment to get better. Call your health care provider right away if you have any of these signs or symptoms.

• #74 Treating Postpartum Depression – Whole Health Library

  https://www.va.gov/WHOLEHEALTHLIBRARY/tools/treating-postpartum-depression.asp

  Treatment options include lifestyle changes, counseling, dietary supplementation, and pharmaceuticals. […] Encourage mothers to be open about their feelings and reach out. Help them get in touch with people who can help with childcare, household chores and errands. […] Maintain a list of local counselors who specialize in working with postpartum women. Mothers with depression should establish a relationship with a counselor she can see regularly. […] Unlike therapists or psychiatrists, doulas do not treat postpartum depression. However, they will help by attending to the mothers home environment to support her emotionally. […] Proper nutrition and dietary supplementation will help to support mood and energy levels during the postpartum period. […] Dietary supplementation with omega-3 fats prenatally may decrease the risk of developing postpartum depression, as well as reduce some depressive symptoms in the postpartum period.

• #75 Postpartum Depression Interventions

  https://digitalshowcase.oru.edu/nurs_undergrad_work/8/

  PPD affects up to 19% of women worldwide. […] The purpose of this systematic review is to synthesize current research to answer the question, what nursing interventions best treat postpartum depression affecting mothers of low SES in developed countries. […] Of these interventions in the discussion, exercise is the most effective. […] Peer support increases maternal mood and likelihood of seeking professional help. […] Better education during late pregnancy and early postpartum may decrease depressive symptoms and increase the likelihood of women seeking professional help.

• #76 Postpartum: Nursing Diagnoses & Care Plans | NurseTogether

  https://www.nursetogether.com/postpartum-nursing-diagnosis-care-plan/

  The postpartum period begins after the delivery of the infant and generally ends 6-8 weeks later, though can extend in certain cases. […] Psychological and emotional changes are expected as the parents form an attachment to their child and begin the parenting process with its many challenges. […] Patients in the postpartum period will receive education and support from these nurses as they navigate recovery from birth, bonding with their infant, and maintaining their own physical, emotional, and psychological health. […] Adequate nutrition for postpartum patients is vital as it can help speed up post-pregnancy body recovery, boost energy levels, balance hormones, and promote breast milk production. […] Postpartum depression can affect up to 18% of new mothers. Symptoms displayed often show a loss of sensitivity and response to their infants needs. This serious condition requires intervention for both mom and baby.

• #77

  https://www.aurorahealthcare.org/services/behavioral-health-addiction/postpartum-depression

  But postpartum depression (PPD) is a more serious, long-lasting form of depression that new moms may experience. […] If you’re experiencing PPD, it’s important to remember that this is a common and temporary disorder. Postpartum depression is not your fault and doesn’t mean that you are weak. With prompt, appropriate treatment, postpartum depression symptoms can be managed. […] Call your health care provider if you notice several of these postpartum depression symptoms that last more than two weeks or if your depressed feelings are getting worse. The sooner you get help, the sooner you’ll feel better. […] If you’re experiencing symptoms of PPD, feeling hopeless and alone, know that our experts are here to help. […] Talk therapy is the first choice for treatment of mild depression. […] Medicine can be a key component to treatment for moderate or severe PPD. […] Having strong support from your partner, family and friends can help you avoid postpartum depression or deal with it if it develops. […] Getting enough sleep and eating healthy foods are just as important when you have a new baby as they are in the rest of your life.

• #78 Baby Blues vs. Postpartum Depression | South Dakota Department of Health

  https://doh.sd.gov/topics/mch/pregnancy-early-childhood/first-1000-days/you-and-baby/postpartum-depression/

  According to the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP), this rate can increase to 50% when mom is also experiencing perinatal/postpartum depression. This can take a serious toll on the familys well-being. […] Know the symptoms of depression. Encourage her to talk with a healthcare provider if shes having symptoms of depression. Offer emotional and practical support. Encourage her to talk about her feelings. Listen to her without judging or offering solutions. Instead of trying to fix things, simply be there for her to lean on.

• #79 Postpartum Depression | MemorialCareSearchMemorial Care Logoarrow-rightarrow-rightExitarrow-rightSearchfacebookTikTokYouTubeInstagramLinkedInCalendarcaret-down/expandarrow-rightarrow-rightarrow-rightarrow-rightarrow-leftarrow-rightarrow-rightarrow-rightEx

  https://www.memorialcare.org/services/maternity-care/postpartum-depression

  What You Can Do […] Talk to someone you trust about how you are feeling […] Get as much rest as possible […] Ask friends and family to help with household chores and child care […] Keep phone numbers for support groups and counseling resources available […] Practice self-care activities as much as possible — eat nutritious meals and find activities you enjoy […] Contact Postpartum Support International at 805-967-7636 or postpartum.net for help […] Follow Up Care […] Postpartum Depression Organizations […] Fourth Trimester Phone: (323) 333-2121fourthtrimester.com […] Postpartum Support International Phone: (805) 967-7636postpartum.net […] The National Women’s Health Information Center Phone: (800) 994-9662 […] Education and Support […] Moms and Babies Support Group at MemorialCare Center for Women Free. Tuesdays from 10:00 AM to Noon in the Sibling Time Playroom. No RSVP required. Phone: (562) 933-0627

• #80 Perinatal and Postpartum Depression | Ohio State Medical Center

  https://wexnermedical.osu.edu/mental-behavioral/womens-behavioral-health/perinatal-postpartum-depression

  These serious conditions affect many Americans who are pregnant or have just given birth, but effective treatment is available from Ohio States mental health experts. […] If you or a loved one might be experiencing a perinatal mood or anxiety disorder, such as postpartum depression or postpartum anxiety, the Womens Behavioral Health experts at The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center in Columbus, Ohio, want you to know you dont have to suffer alone and that there are effective, evidence-based treatments to help you feel better. […] Postpartum depression affects about 15% of women who have given birth, and it requires medical help to treat. […] Postpartum depression can last for months or years, but if its treated by a mental health professional, that time can be much less. […] Postpartum depression or postpartum anxiety can affect anyone whos recently given birth. Its not entirely preventable, but there are steps to take to decrease your risk of developing mental health conditions postpartum, or to lessen the severity of symptoms if you do.

• #81

  https://www.nursingcenter.com/cearticle?an=00000446-202107000-00025&Journal_ID=54030&Issue_ID=5949238

  Nurses in obstetric offices or clinics and birthing centers have opportunities to interact with mothers before delivery. […] Maternal-child health nurses typically first encounter mothers at the time of admission for labor and delivery. […] For example, tearful episodes can be symptomatic of postpartum blues or something more serious. […] Timely and appropriate treatment is crucial to managing PPD. […] Treatment can include psychotherapy, medication, or both, as well as alternative therapies. […] Psychological interventions include interpersonal therapy and cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT). […] Overall, these four instruments have demonstrated good reliability. […] The American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (ACOG) recommends initial screening for potential mood disorders during the first trimester, with subsequent screenings extending through the „fourth” trimester.

• #82 Postpartum depression

  https://womenshealth.gov/mental-health/mental-health-conditions/postpartum-depression

  Any woman can become depressed during pregnancy or after having a baby. It doesnt mean you are a bad mom. You dont have to suffer. There is help. Your doctor can help you figure out whether your symptoms are caused by depression or something else. […] The U.S. Preventive Services Task Force recommends that doctors look for and ask about symptoms of depression during and after pregnancy, regardless of a womans risk of depression. […] Call your doctor, nurse, midwife, or pediatrician if: […] Your baby blues symptoms dont go away after 2 weeks or are very intense […] Symptoms of depression begin within 1 year of delivery and last more than 2 weeks […] It is difficult to work or get things done at home […] You cannot care for yourself or your baby (e.g., eating, sleeping, bathing) […] You have thoughts about hurting yourself or your baby.

• #83 Postpartum depression – Symptoms and causes – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/postpartum-depression/symptoms-causes/syc-20376617

  Postpartum depression is not a character flaw or a weakness. Sometimes it’s simply a complication of giving birth. If you have postpartum depression, prompt treatment can help you manage your symptoms and help you bond with your baby. […] If you’re feeling depressed after your baby’s birth, you may be reluctant or embarrassed to admit it. But if you experience any symptoms of postpartum baby blues or postpartum depression, call your primary health care provider or your obstetrician or gynecologist and schedule an appointment. […] If you have a history of postpartum depression, your provider may recommend antidepressant treatment or talk therapy immediately after delivery. Most antidepressants are safe to take while breastfeeding.

• #84 Postpartum depression – Symptoms and causes – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/postpartum-depression/symptoms-causes/syc-20376617

  Postpartum depression is not a character flaw or a weakness. Sometimes it’s simply a complication of giving birth. If you have postpartum depression, prompt treatment can help you manage your symptoms and help you bond with your baby. […] If you’re feeling depressed after your baby’s birth, you may be reluctant or embarrassed to admit it. But if you experience any symptoms of postpartum baby blues or postpartum depression, call your primary health care provider or your obstetrician or gynecologist and schedule an appointment. […] If you have a history of postpartum depression, your provider may recommend antidepressant treatment or talk therapy immediately after delivery. Most antidepressants are safe to take while breastfeeding.

• #85 Postpartum Depression Interventions

  https://digitalshowcase.oru.edu/nurs_undergrad_work/8/

  PPD affects up to 19% of women worldwide. […] The purpose of this systematic review is to synthesize current research to answer the question, what nursing interventions best treat postpartum depression affecting mothers of low SES in developed countries. […] Of these interventions in the discussion, exercise is the most effective. […] Peer support increases maternal mood and likelihood of seeking professional help. […] Better education during late pregnancy and early postpartum may decrease depressive symptoms and increase the likelihood of women seeking professional help.

• #86 What is postpartum depression? | UNICEF Parenting

  https://www.unicef.org/parenting/mental-health/what-postpartum-depression

  The symptoms of postnatal depression are similar to the symptoms of depression. They include: Feeling sad or low, Being unable to enjoy things that normally bring you pleasure, Tiredness or loss of energy, Poor concentration or attention span, Low self-esteem and self-confidence, Disturbed sleep, even when your baby is asleep, Changes in appetite. You may feel detached from your baby or partner, and even have thoughts of hurting yourself or your baby. It can be very frightening to have thoughts of harming your baby, but remember this doesn’t mean you’re actually going to hurt them. The sooner you talk to someone about your thoughts and feelings – a friend, relative, doctor or midwife, for instance – the sooner you can get the help you need. […] Psychoeducation to develop positive coping strategies, manage stress and build supportive networks can be helpful in protecting against postpartum depression. This involves learning about and understanding mental health and wellbeing. It’s similar to physical education, where you learn about how your body works, how to look after it and the impacts of different strains or stressors – but instead you apply this to the mind. Having a support system at home looking after your mental health is incredibly important. Involve your partner, friends and loved ones in learning about how they can support you through the postpartum period.

• #87

  https://www.nursingcenter.com/cearticle?an=00000446-202107000-00025&Journal_ID=54030&Issue_ID=5949238

  Nurses in obstetric offices or clinics and birthing centers have opportunities to interact with mothers before delivery. […] Maternal-child health nurses typically first encounter mothers at the time of admission for labor and delivery. […] For example, tearful episodes can be symptomatic of postpartum blues or something more serious. […] Timely and appropriate treatment is crucial to managing PPD. […] Treatment can include psychotherapy, medication, or both, as well as alternative therapies. […] Psychological interventions include interpersonal therapy and cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT). […] Overall, these four instruments have demonstrated good reliability. […] The American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (ACOG) recommends initial screening for potential mood disorders during the first trimester, with subsequent screenings extending through the „fourth” trimester.

• #88 Postpartum Depression | Breastfeeding special circumstances | CDC

  https://www.cdc.gov/breastfeeding-special-circumstances/hcp/illnesses-conditions/postpartum-depression.html

  Mothers with postpartum depression (following childbirth) can usually continue to breastfeed. Health care providers should work with mothers experiencing postpartum depression to ensure they receive appropriate treatment, support, and safe medications while breastfeeding. […] Mothers with postpartum depression can usually continue to breastfeed. While some mothers experience positive feelings from breastfeeding, others may not. Health care providers can: Address mothers’ depression promptly and help them reach their breastfeeding goals. […] When discussing depression medications, the health care provider needs to ask a mother if she is breastfeeding. Together, they can decide which medications are right for her and safe to use while breastfeeding.

• #89 Postpartum Depression | Breastfeeding special circumstances | CDC

  https://www.cdc.gov/breastfeeding-special-circumstances/hcp/illnesses-conditions/postpartum-depression.html

  Mothers with postpartum depression (following childbirth) can usually continue to breastfeed. Health care providers should work with mothers experiencing postpartum depression to ensure they receive appropriate treatment, support, and safe medications while breastfeeding. […] Mothers with postpartum depression can usually continue to breastfeed. While some mothers experience positive feelings from breastfeeding, others may not. Health care providers can: Address mothers’ depression promptly and help them reach their breastfeeding goals. […] When discussing depression medications, the health care provider needs to ask a mother if she is breastfeeding. Together, they can decide which medications are right for her and safe to use while breastfeeding.

• #90

  https://www.healthychildren.org/English/ages-stages/baby/breastfeeding/Pages/Postpartum-Depression-Breastfeeding.aspx

  Postpartum depression (PPD) occurs in about 1 in 7 women and can begin anytime within the first year after giving birth. While mom seeks help for her mental health needs, it is still possible to meet breastfeeding goals. […] A depressed or anxious mom, however, may not be able to provide the nurturing that her baby needs to grow and thrive. […] Most women typically only have 1-2 postpartum visits with their obstetricians, where depression screening may not always occur. […] It is for this reason that the AAP recommends pediatricians screen new mothers for PPD at their baby’s 1, 2, 4, and 6 month well-child visit. […] If breastfeeding is helping a mom bond with her baby vs. contributing to her symptoms, then her PPD treatment can and should be built around protecting that breastfeeding relationship. If breastfeeding is contributing to a mom’s PPD symptoms, she should not feel guilty if she chooses to seek alternative forms of feeding.

• #91

  https://www.healthychildren.org/English/ages-stages/baby/breastfeeding/Pages/Postpartum-Depression-Breastfeeding.aspx

  Many medications to treat postpartum mood and anxiety disorders are safe to use while breastfeeding. Medication to treat the mother should not be withheld. […] If you are feeling depressed during pregnancy or after having a baby, don’t suffer alone. Please tell a loved one and call your doctor right away.

• #92 Home-based nursing for improvement of quality of life and depression in patients with postpartum depression

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC7642553/

  Postpartum depression through home-based nursing can effectively alleviate depression and improve the quality of life of patients, help modulate their serum E2, 5-HT, and PRGE levels, and improve their satisfaction with nursing care. […] Based on the nursing principle of „taking the patient as the nursing center”, family nursing measures can improve the overall nursing quality and provide an effective psychological intervention for patients with clinical depression. […] In view of the high incidence and harmfulness of postpartum depression, the approach to providing effective nursing care in clinical nursing activities is one of the key points of obstetrical care. […] Previous studies have shown that routine basic postpartum care has a good effect on maternal physical rehabilitation; however, due to a lack of corresponding effective psychological intervention measures, there are some limitations in the nursing care of postpartum depression patients.

• #93 Home-based nursing for improvement of quality of life and depression in patients with postpartum depression

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC7642553/

  Family nursing requires treating the patient as the center of nursing, using the hospital environment as a home, and engaging in daily communication with the family, etc. to complete the nursing intervention, which emphasizes the positive effect of family nursing measures on the emotional state of patients. […] The study revealed the positive role of home-based care in the prevention of postpartum depression; furthermore, in a nursing study on postpartum depression by Zhao Huijun, family nursing in postpartum depression patients yielded significantly better results than those in the control group (routine nursing). […] In summary, home-based nursing for patients with clinical postpartum depression can effectively improve their various hormone levels, play an effective role in alleviating their depression or depressed mood, and improve their quality of life and nursing satisfaction.

• #94 Home-based nursing for improvement of quality of life and depression in patients with postpartum depression

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC7642553/

  Family nursing requires treating the patient as the center of nursing, using the hospital environment as a home, and engaging in daily communication with the family, etc. to complete the nursing intervention, which emphasizes the positive effect of family nursing measures on the emotional state of patients. […] The study revealed the positive role of home-based care in the prevention of postpartum depression; furthermore, in a nursing study on postpartum depression by Zhao Huijun, family nursing in postpartum depression patients yielded significantly better results than those in the control group (routine nursing). […] In summary, home-based nursing for patients with clinical postpartum depression can effectively improve their various hormone levels, play an effective role in alleviating their depression or depressed mood, and improve their quality of life and nursing satisfaction.

• #95 Baby Blues vs. Postpartum Depression | South Dakota Department of Health

  https://doh.sd.gov/topics/mch/pregnancy-early-childhood/first-1000-days/you-and-baby/postpartum-depression/

  Postpartum depression does not have a single cause and does not occur because of something a mother does or does not do. Without treatment, postpartum depression can last for months or years. But, there are effective treatments available. […] If you are experiencing postpartum depression or are concerned about someone who may be: Contact a healthcare provider as soon as possible. […] Women: Know that you are not alone. Tell your doctor about your symptoms. Consider treatment options such as: Counseling or Talk Therapy, Medications (there are medications that are safe when breastfeeding too). Reach out to friends, family, and loved ones for support. […] Dads can have postpartum depression too! In fact, depression in dads is relatively common, affecting anywhere between 2% 25% during their partners pregnancy or in the first year postpartum.

• #96 Baby Blues vs. Postpartum Depression | South Dakota Department of Health

  https://doh.sd.gov/topics/mch/pregnancy-early-childhood/first-1000-days/you-and-baby/postpartum-depression/

  According to the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP), this rate can increase to 50% when mom is also experiencing perinatal/postpartum depression. This can take a serious toll on the familys well-being. […] Know the symptoms of depression. Encourage her to talk with a healthcare provider if shes having symptoms of depression. Offer emotional and practical support. Encourage her to talk about her feelings. Listen to her without judging or offering solutions. Instead of trying to fix things, simply be there for her to lean on.

• #97 Male Postpartum Depression

  https://www.unitypoint.org/news-and-articles/male-postpartum-depression–unitypoint-health

  Its supposed to be the happiest time of your life the arrival of a new baby. But, it isnt always so great. New moms can suffer from an array of perinatal disorders, but male postpartum depression is also very real, and can leave a family struggling. […] Male postpartum depression is also known as paternal postnatal depression (PPND). […] Male postpartum depression is different and needs intervention. […] We know that 50 percent of men whose partner has postpartum depression, have an increased risk of postpartum depression themselves. […] He felt sort of pushed aside and the entire time he was trying to carry the load of the entire family, Berendzen says. […] A lot of people try to simplify postpartum depression as just the drop in hormones that women experience. […] With male postpartum depression, research suggests theres a hormone change in men in the form of changes to testosterone levels when baby is born.

• #98 Male Postpartum Depression

  https://www.unitypoint.org/news-and-articles/male-postpartum-depression–unitypoint-health

  Its supposed to be the happiest time of your life the arrival of a new baby. But, it isnt always so great. New moms can suffer from an array of perinatal disorders, but male postpartum depression is also very real, and can leave a family struggling. […] Male postpartum depression is also known as paternal postnatal depression (PPND). […] Male postpartum depression is different and needs intervention. […] We know that 50 percent of men whose partner has postpartum depression, have an increased risk of postpartum depression themselves. […] He felt sort of pushed aside and the entire time he was trying to carry the load of the entire family, Berendzen says. […] A lot of people try to simplify postpartum depression as just the drop in hormones that women experience. […] With male postpartum depression, research suggests theres a hormone change in men in the form of changes to testosterone levels when baby is born.

• #99 Male Postpartum Depression

  https://www.unitypoint.org/news-and-articles/male-postpartum-depression–unitypoint-health

  It tends to be someone else, not the father himself who identifies the depression in a new dad, Berendzen says. […] If the new dad isnt ready to reach out for help yet, here are some other resources to help him start that process: Postpartum Men, The Postpartum Stress Center, Postpartum Support International. […] Berendzen says a male diagnosed with postpartum depression will often get help in the form of therapy and possibly medication. […] Male postpartum depression is a genuine and often overlooked condition that can significantly impact new fathers and their families. Recognizing the signssuch as irritability, detachment or increased stressis crucial for early intervention.

• #100

  https://www.nursingcenter.com/cearticle?an=00000446-202107000-00025&Journal_ID=54030&Issue_ID=5949238

  Nurses are well positioned to screen and assess for PPD, seeing mothers in various settings as they transition from prenatal to perinatal and postpartum care. […] Such events offer additional checkpoints for screening and, when indicated, referral for further evaluation and treatment. […] Nurses need to have a better understanding of PPD if prevention efforts are to succeed. […] To ensure knowledge retention and learn about new research, nurses should attend annual competency training or continuing education seminars.

• #101

  https://www.nursingcenter.com/cearticle?an=00000446-202107000-00025&Journal_ID=54030&Issue_ID=5949238

  Nurses are well positioned to screen and assess for PPD, seeing mothers in various settings as they transition from prenatal to perinatal and postpartum care. […] Such events offer additional checkpoints for screening and, when indicated, referral for further evaluation and treatment. […] Nurses need to have a better understanding of PPD if prevention efforts are to succeed. […] To ensure knowledge retention and learn about new research, nurses should attend annual competency training or continuing education seminars.

• #102 Moms With Postpartum Depression Benefit From Improved Screening

  https://www.cedars-sinai.org/newsroom/moms-with-postpartum-depression-benefit-from-improved-screening/

  Depression and anxiety during pregnancy or in the first 12 months after delivery is one of the most common perinatal medical complications. […] Nurse education is the key to successfully screening women for postpartum depression, which affects some 15% of mothers, according to a new quality improvement (QI) study from Cedars-Sinai. […] Training that helped nurses get comfortable with the topic of depression and to develop a non-judgmental attitude and openness to a patients questions and concerns is critical, said Eynav Accortt, PhD, principal investigator of the QI review and director of the Reproductive Psychology Program at Cedars-Sinai. […] Hospitals have been urged to institute postpartum depression screening and referral programs to identify and help women struggling with their mental health.

• #103

  https://he02.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/cmunursing/article/view/265903

  Postpartum depression is an abnormal mood disorder that often occurs within 6 to 8 weeks after childbirth. […] Therefore, nurses and midwives play a crucial role in preventing the risk of postpartum depression. This role includes assessing both physical and mental well-being, providing education about postpartum depression, offering counseling, and closely monitoring for any unusual symptoms. […] For this reason, nurses and midwives should be well-informed about the management of postpartum depression in high-risk pregnancies to prevent its occurrence or provide swift assistance in dealing with postpartum mental health.

• #104

  https://he02.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/cmunursing/article/view/265903

  Postpartum depression is an abnormal mood disorder that often occurs within 6 to 8 weeks after childbirth. […] Therefore, nurses and midwives play a crucial role in preventing the risk of postpartum depression. This role includes assessing both physical and mental well-being, providing education about postpartum depression, offering counseling, and closely monitoring for any unusual symptoms. […] For this reason, nurses and midwives should be well-informed about the management of postpartum depression in high-risk pregnancies to prevent its occurrence or provide swift assistance in dealing with postpartum mental health.

Zobacz więcej