Materiały źródłowe

• #1 Marfan syndrome – Diagnosis and treatment – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/marfan-syndrome/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20350787

  While there is no cure for Marfan syndrome, treatment focuses on preventing the various complications of the disease. To accomplish this, you’ll need to be checked regularly for signs that the damage caused by the disease is progressing. […] In the past, people who had Marfan syndrome often died young. With regular monitoring and modern treatment, most people with Marfan syndrome can now expect to live a more normal life span. […] Doctors often prescribe blood pressure lowering drugs to help prevent the aorta from enlarging and to reduce the risk of dissection and rupture. […] The vision problems associated with a dislocated lens in your eye often can be corrected with glasses or contact lenses. […] Ascending aortic root aneurysm repair and replacement may be done in two ways. Valve-sparing aortic root repair replaces the enlarged part of the aorta with an artificial tube, called a graft. The aortic valve stays in place. In aortic valve and aortic root replacement, the valve and a part of the aorta are removed. A graft replaces the part of the aorta. A mechanical or biological valve replaces the valve.

• #1

  https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/marfan-syndrome/

  There’s no cure for Marfan syndrome, so treatment focuses on managing the symptoms and reducing the risk of complications. […] As Marfan syndrome affects several different parts of the body, you’ll be treated by a team of different healthcare professionals. […] You’ll be closely monitored and any complications will be treated if they occur. […] Find out more about the possible treatments for Marfan syndrome.

• #1 Marfan’s Syndrome (Causes, Symptoms and Treatment)

  https://patient.info/doctor/marfans-syndrome-pro

  Prior to the availability of Marfan’s syndrome treatment, life expectancy was severely curtailed: 50% of men died by the age of 40 and 50% of women by the age of 48; the average age of death was 32. […] Management requires a multidisciplinary team which should include a geneticist, an ophthalmologist, a cardiologist and an orthopaedic surgeon. […] Prophylactic beta-blockers are used to reduce mean arterial pressure and pulse rate significantly. […] The TGF- pathway is stimulated by angiotensin. The angiotensin-II receptor antagonist losartan has been shown to prevent and possibly reverse aortic root dilatation, mitral valve prolapse, lung disease and skeletal muscle dysfunction in a mouse model of MFS. […] Prophylactic aortic root surgery is the only definitive treatment for the prevention of aortic dissection in Marfan’s syndrome.

• #1 Management – Marfan Foundation

  https://marfan.org/expectations/treatment/

  Medical advances have had a significant impact on the treatment of Marfan syndrome. With an accurate diagnosis and proper treatment and management, people with Marfan syndrome can live a long and full life. […] In general, you can expect some things you need to think about every day, such as medications and limitations on physical activity. Then, there are routine doctor appointments, which may be yearly or more frequent, as well as other evaluations to make sure that your Marfan features are not worsening. Sometimes, as features progress, your doctor will recommend surgery to prevent or fix a problem. In some cases, you will have time to plan for an operation; in other cases, immediate surgery may be needed. […] Understanding how Marfan syndrome features are treated will help you in your medical journey. We encourage you to learn as much as you can about how the recommended management for Marfan syndrome so you can be prepared at every step of the way. You can always contact us with your questions, but remember that your personal doctor knows your situation best. […] In December 2018, the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) issued a warning against the use of fluoroquinolones in people with Marfan syndrome and other related genetic aortic conditions. Please read the statement from our Professional Advisory Board and share it with your doctors.

• #1 Marfan syndrome. Part 2: treatment and management of patients | Nature Reviews Cardiology

  https://www.nature.com/articles/nrcardio.2010.31

  Aortic disease is the main cause of death among patients with Marfan syndrome. Improvements in surgical techniques have facilitated prophylactic surgery and have dramatically changed the life expectancy of patients with Marfan syndrome. Valve-sparing techniques are becoming the standard surgical treatment for these patients, since the operative and long-term results are comparable with those obtained with the Bentall and De Bono procedure and their theoretical advantages over the Bentall and De Bono procedure are attractive for young patients. […] Several medical approaches have appeared as alternatives or adjuncts to the standard treatment with -blockers. Mouse models of the disease have shown that the angiotensin II receptor blocker losartan can rescue the phenotype. […] Prophylactic aortic surgery has dramatically changed the prognosis of Marfan syndrome in the past few decades. Aortic root replacement is indicated if aortic diameter exceeds 50 mm; however, a lower threshold is often considered.

• #1 Marfan syndrome – Wikipedia

  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marfan_syndrome

  There is no known cure for MFS. Many of those with the disorder have a normal life expectancy with proper treatment. Management often includes the use of beta blockers such as propranolol or atenolol or, if they are not tolerated, calcium channel blockers or ACE inhibitors. Surgery may be required to repair the aorta or replace a heart valve. Avoiding strenuous exercise is recommended for those with the condition. […] Management often includes the use of beta blockers such as propranolol or if not tolerated calcium channel blockers or ACE inhibitors. Beta blockers are used to reduce the stress exerted on the aorta and to decrease aortic dilation. […] If the dilation of the aorta progresses to a significant-diameter aneurysm, causes a dissection or a rupture, or leads to failure of the aortic or other valve, then surgery (possibly a composite aortic valve graft or valve-sparing aortic root replacement) becomes necessary.

• #1 Drug treatment strategies for Marfan syndrome | JEP

  https://www.dovepress.com/an-overview-of-investigational-and-experimental-drug-treatment-strateg-peer-reviewed-fulltext-article-JEP

  Medical treatment in MFS aspires to limit aortic growth rate, thus preventing or delaying the need for surgical interventions and fatal complication. Currently, the first-line medical treatment of MFS consists of -blockers and/or ARBs. […] The rationale for using -blockers to reduce aortic root growth and prevent aortic dissection in patients with MFS is based on the knowledge that these drugs have the capacity to reduce hemodynamic stress in the proximal aorta. […] Increasing evidence supports the role of pharmacological interference with the RAS as a treatment for aortic aneurysms. One approach to reduce the Ang II-ATR1 interaction of the RAS is the use of ARBs. […] The initial success led to several clinical trials in patients with MFS verifying the efficacy of ARBs as monotherapy or in combination with -blockers, compared to -blocker treatment alone.

• #1 Genetics of Marfan Syndrome Treatment & Management: Medical Care, Surgical Care, Consultations

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/946315-treatment

  Calcium antagonist therapy also retards aortic growth, but a recommended dose has not been established. […] The importance of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors in medical management is as follows: ACE inhibitors reduce central arterial pressure and conduit arterial stiffness and may be useful in MFS. […] The importance of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) in medical management is as follows: Long-term treatment with doxycycline in a mouse model of MFS suppressed MMPs (MMP-2 and -9) and improved aortic wall architecture and stiffness. […] Other therapeutic interventions are as follows: Anticoagulant medications, such as warfarin, are needed after artificial heart valve placement. […] Psychological counseling is helpful for families coping with feelings of denial, anger, blame, depression, or guilt.

• #1 Drug treatment strategies for Marfan syndrome | JEP

  https://www.dovepress.com/an-overview-of-investigational-and-experimental-drug-treatment-strateg-peer-reviewed-fulltext-article-JEP

  Marfan syndrome (MFS) is a heritable connective tissue disorder caused by pathogenic variants in the gene coding for the extracellular matrix protein fibrillin-1. The standard medical care relies on cardiovascular imaging at regular intervals, along with pharmacological treatment with -adrenergic receptor blockers aimed at reducing the aortic growth rate. When aortic dilatation reaches a threshold associated with increased risk of dissection, prophylactic surgical aortic replacement is performed. Although current clinical management has significantly improved the life expectancy of patients with MFS, no cure is available and fatal complications still occur, underscoring the need for new treatment options. […] The primary goal of medical and surgical treatment of cardiovascular features in patients with MFS is to reduce the risk of often fatal aortic dissection. Currently, standard medical treatment of aortic disease in patients with MFS is limited to the administration of -adrenergic receptor blockers (-blockers) and/or angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs), and prophylactic aortic root surgery when indicated.

• #1 Cardiovascular Management of Adults with Marfan Syndrome | ECR Journal

  https://www.ecrjournal.com/articles/cardiovascular-management-adults-marfan-syndrome?language_content_entity=en

  Beta-blockers are currently used to reduce the progression of aortic root dilatation. […] The target heart rate is under 60-70 beats per minute at rest and up to 100 beats per minute during exercise. […] Beta-blockers inhibit adrenergic beta-activation that occurs when adrenaline is released into the blood from sympathetic nerves and the adrenal gland. […] In addition, AT1R antagonists (losartan) produced similar effects. […] There are trials, some already reported and others ongoing, to evaluate the effect of losartan in MFS. […] According to a prospective, randomised controlled trial published in the Netherlands, losartan use reduced aortic root dilatation rate in adult patients with MFS. […] Aortic root surgery is becoming safer. […] Prophylactic aortic replacement may be undertaken to avoid aortic dissection.

• #1 Marfan Syndrome: Causes, Symptoms, Diagnosis, and Treatments

  https://www.webmd.com/heart-disease/marfan-syndrome

  Surgery for Marfan syndrome […] Surgery for Marfan syndrome is aimed at preventing aortic dissection or rupture and treating problems affecting your heart’s valves, which control the flow of blood in and out of your heart and between its chambers. […] The decision to perform surgery is based on the size of the aorta, expected normal size of the aorta, rate of aortic growth, age, height, gender, and family history of aortic dissection. Surgery involves replacing the dilated portion of the aorta with a graft, a piece of man-made material used in place of the damaged or weak area of the blood vessel. […] A leaky aortic or mitral valve (the valve that controls the flow of blood between the two left chambers of the heart) can damage the left ventricle (the lower chamber of the heart that is the main pumping chamber) or cause heart failure. In these cases, you need surgery to replace or repair the affected valve. If its done early, before the valves are damaged, the aortic or mitral valve may be repaired. If the valves are damaged, they may need to be replaced. […] Talk with a surgeon who has experience with surgery for Marfan syndrome. People who have surgery for Marfan syndrome still need life-long follow-up care to prevent complications.

• #1 Marfan Syndrome | Ohio State Conditions and Treatments

  https://wexnermedical.osu.edu/heart-vascular/heart-valve/marfan-syndrome

  Surgery may be required if Marfan syndrome results in weakening of the aortic wall, leading to development of an aortic aneurysm. […] Valve-sparing aortic root replacement is surgery to replace the aortic root without replacing the aortic valve. In some cases, it is necessary to perform aortic valve replacement.

• #1 Marfan Syndrome: Symptoms & Causes | Mass General Brigham

  https://www.massgeneralbrigham.org/en/patient-care/services-and-specialties/heart/conditions/marfan-syndrome

  Common heart surgeries for Marfan syndrome include: Aortic arch surgery, Ascending aneurysm repair, Composite aortic root replacement, Mitral valve repair, Repair of thoracoabdominal aneurysms, Valve-preserving operations for aortic root aneurysms. […] Other surgical treatments can include: Scoliosis treatment, Breastbone corrections, Eye surgery. […] Marfan syndrome is a genetic disorder and cannot be cured with current medical technologies. Treatment focuses on managing symptoms and preventing dangerous medical complications. Still, while the condition is not curable, treatment and prognosis have made significant strides over recent decades.

• #1 Cardiovascular Management of Adults with Marfan Syndrome | ECR Journal

  https://www.ecrjournal.com/articles/cardiovascular-management-adults-marfan-syndrome?language_content_entity=en

  European guidelines suggest that when the aortic root diameter reaches 5.0 cm, MFS patients should undergo surgery. […] In cases of Stanford type A dissection, patients should be offered emergency surgery, because the mortality within a 48 hour period is 50 %. […] Surgery reduces 1 month mortality from 90 to 30 %, including dissection patients without MFS. […] Infective endocarditis can be difficult to prevent as it may occur from such activities as brushing teeth, chewing or flossing. […] The Marfan Foundation also recommends prophylaxis of endocarditis for MFS patients who have valvular regurgitation, because although other guidelines do not recommend prophylaxis of endocarditis for patients with valvular regurgitation without personal endocarditis history, there is no risk stratification of endocarditis in the case of patients with systemic connective tissue disorder. […] Treatment strategies for cardiac manifestations including beta-blockers, elective aortic root replacement and MV repair surgery have improved the life expectancy of people with MFS.

• #1 Nonsurgical Treatment for Marfan Syndrome | NYU Langone Health

  https://nyulangone.org/conditions/marfan-syndrome/treatments/nonsurgical-treatment-for-marfan-syndrome

  At NYU Langone, treatment for Marfan syndrome may include medications and devices to help ease or correct symptoms, such as pain, nearsightedness, and scoliosis. […] Doctors may prescribe medications that help prevent or slow the progression of problems with the aorta or manage pain associated with Marfan syndrome. […] Beta-blockers are oral medications that lower blood pressure, helping to prevent or slow the enlargement of the aorta. […] Angiotensin receptor blockers, taken by mouth, relax blood vessels. […] Your doctor may prescribe medications to treat joint pain or the pain of dural ectasia, a swelling of the membrane that surrounds the spinal cord. […] For some people with Marfan syndrome, assistive devices can help improve mobility or eyesight. […] For scoliosis with a 20 to 40 percent curvature, nonsurgical treatments such as a personally fitted back brace may be recommended to prevent the condition from worsening. […] If you develop ectopia lentis in one or both eyes, your doctor may recommend special eyeglasses or contact lenses to correct your vision. […] Another option is specially designed flat contact lenses or surgery to correct the dislocation of the eye lenses.

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  https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/marfan-syndrome/treatment/

  If you develop cataracts as a result of Marfan syndrome, you may need surgery to replace the clouded lens with an artificial lens. […] Treatment options include eyedrops, laser treatment or surgery. […] Speak to your GP if you or your child are finding the diagnosis difficult to cope with. […] Your cardiologist will be able to give you more advice about which sports and physical activities are suitable for you.

• #1 Azthena logo with the word Azthena

  https://www.news-medical.net/health/Marfan-Syndrome-Treatment.aspx

  The cardiovascular complications of Marfan syndrome have the potential to be fatal and should, therefore, be monitored closely to allow for early intervention and treatment, if needed. […] In many cases, a beta-blocker medication is prescribed to prevent possible damage to the heart by slowing the progression of aortic enlargement. […] If abnormalities in the aorta or heart valves are detected, treatment should be commenced immediately. Surgery may be required in the case of life-threatening complications, such as to repair or replace an enlarged aorta. […] Cataract surgery may be required to remove and replace the affected lens with an artificial lens. […] Glaucoma cannot be cured by treatment with eye drops, laser therapy or surgery may be of benefit. […] A strong support network can help individuals to deal with their concerns and difficulties related to dealing with the condition. Some patients find that it is beneficial to discuss their situation with a health professional, such as a counselor or a psychologist.

• #1 Marfan syndrome – Diagnosis and treatment – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/marfan-syndrome/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20350787

  If your aorta’s diameter reaches about 2 inches (50 millimeters) or if it enlarges rapidly, your doctor may recommend an operation to replace a portion of your aorta with a tube made of synthetic material. This can help prevent a life-threatening rupture. Your aortic valve may need to be replaced as well. […] Surgical options are available to correct the appearance of a sunken or protruding breastbone. […] If parts of your retina have torn or come loose from the back of your eye, surgical repair is usually successful. If you have cataracts, your clouded lens can be replaced with an artificial lens.

• #1 Marfan Syndrome: Symptoms, Treatment, Life Expectancy

  https://www.verywellhealth.com/marfan-syndrome-5113945

  If the aorta becomes too large, if it is increasing in size rapidly, or if the aortic valve is working poorly, surgery is recommended. For example, a surgery called the Bentall procedure can help repair the early aorta and the valve. […] Depending on the context, other treatments for people with Marfan syndrome might include: Eyeglasses for minor eye problems, Surgery to repair a dislocated lens or displaced retina, Surgery for severe scoliosis, Surgery to correct a severe chest deformity, CPAP for people with obstructive sleep apnea, Wrist or finger splints, to help manage loose joints, Orthotic shoes, Orthodontic care. […] People with Marfan syndrome should also have a complete eye exam once a year, even if they don’t have any current eye symptoms. This can help identify possible retinal detachment and other issues before they become severe and more difficult to treat.

• #1 Marfan Syndrome: Diagnosis, Treatment, and Steps to Take

  https://www.niams.nih.gov/health-topics/marfan-syndrome/diagnosis-treatment-and-steps-to-take

  There is no cure for Marfan syndrome; instead, doctors focus treatment to relieve symptoms and prevent additional problems or complications. Treatment depends on the area of the body affected by the syndrome and may include medications, other treatments, and surgery. […] Doctors may prescribe the following medications: Beta blockers or angiotensin receptor blockers to help manage problems with your heart. These medications can suppress abnormal growth of the aorta. […] Other treatments may include: Braces to help keep curves in the spine from getting worse. […] Some people with Marfan syndrome may need surgery to correct the problems or complications that can happen. Surgeries may include: Orthopaedic surgery to correct more serious problems with the skeleton and sternum.

• #1 Azthena logo with the word Azthena

  https://www.news-medical.net/health/Marfan-Syndrome-Treatment.aspx

  As there is currently no cure available for Marfan syndrome, the aim of treatment is to manage the symptoms and reduce the risk of complications. […] A multidisciplinary team is usually needed to provide the optimal management plan. […] The treatment of scoliosis associated with Marfan syndrome depends on the extent of the curvature of the spine. In mild cases, monitoring for signs of worsening is sufficient, and a back brace is required for patients to prevent further development of symptoms in some cases. For more severe cases of scoliosis, surgical intervention may be required to straighten the spine. […] Surgery is required to correct concave positioning and ease the pressure on the lungs, although it is not usually needed for a convex chest. […] Physiotherapy can also be useful for some patients to ease the related pain with specific exercises and massage techniques. This can help to promote healing and improve the range of movement in joints, in addition to some pain relief.

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  https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/marfan-syndrome/treatment/

  There’s currently no cure for Marfan syndrome. Treatment focuses on managing the symptoms and reducing the risk of complications. […] You’ll usually be assigned a doctor to co-ordinate your treatment programme and ensure every aspect of the syndrome is closely monitored and, if necessary, treated. […] A back brace usually needs to be worn for 23 hours a day, and is only removed for baths, showers, swimming and contact sports. […] Surgery will usually be needed to straighten your spine if it curves by 40 degrees or more. […] A number of different types of surgery can be used to treat scoliosis. […] If your cardiologist feels it’s necessary, you may need to have heart surgery to reduce your risk of developing life-threatening complications. […] The most common type of heart surgery carried out on people with Marfan syndrome is an operation to replace a section of an enlarged aorta.

• #1 Marfan Syndrome | Symptoms and Treatment

  https://patient.info/heart-health/abdominal-aortic-aneurysm/marfan-syndrome

  Sometimes heart surgery is needed to repair or replace part of the main artery if it becomes too wide. This is usually advised once the size of the aorta reaches 5cm. This is because there is a risk that the artery may tear or burst suddenly. During surgery, the dilated part of the artery is replaced using a graft. […] A number of the problems with your bones that may occur with Marfan syndrome may require treatment. Physiotherapy is often used for hip pain, back pain or problems with walking. […] You will be seen regularly by an eye specialist if you have Marfan syndrome. […] Treatment for eye problems may be needed. For example, lasers can be used to repair a problem with the lining at the back of your eye (detached retina). […] If your breastbone is pressed inwards (pectus excavatum), your lungs and breathing may be affected and you may need to have surgery to correct this.

• #1 Marfan Syndrome | Symptoms and Treatment

  https://patient.info/heart-health/abdominal-aortic-aneurysm/marfan-syndrome

  If your breastbone is pushed outwards (pectus carinatum) this does not usually cause any problems. Some people with their breastbone pushed outwards choose to have corrective surgery for cosmetic reasons. […] Being diagnosed with Marfan syndrome may be a difficult thing for some people to deal with. For some people, height and appearance may cause some worries and affect confidence and self-esteem. The chance that some major surgery may be needed – for example, heart surgery – can be a difficult thing to deal with as well. […] You may find it helpful to join a support group so that you can make contact with other people who have Marfan syndrome. You may also find some individual counselling helpful for both yourself and also your family members. […] Your specialist will be able to advise you about the latest treatments.

• #1 Genetics of Marfan Syndrome Treatment & Management: Medical Care, Surgical Care, Consultations

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/946315-treatment

  Severe scoliosis requires surgery. […] This is directed at arresting progression, relieving pain, and restoring hip function through hip replacement with bone grafting of the medial acetabular cavity in older patients. […] Repair of pectus excavatum to improve respiratory mechanics should be delayed until midadolescence, to lessen recurrence risk. […] A chest tube is an appropriate initial therapy for pneumothorax. […] Consultations should include the following specialties to foster a multidisciplinary approach to continuity of care and treatment. […] No special diet is needed. […] Patients with Marfan syndrome (MFS) can remain fully active unless they are limited by their symptoms.

• #1 Marfan Syndrome: Causes, Symptoms, Diagnosis & Treatment | Medanta

  https://www.medanta.org/pillar/marfan-syndrome-types-symptoms-causes-treatment

  Orthopedic interventions: Doctors may recommend braces or surgery to fix skeletal issues like scoliosis and joint problems commonly associated with Marfan syndrome. […] Physical and occupational therapy: Your doctor may tailor physical and occupational therapy programs to enhance joint flexibility, posture, and overall physical function. It may help patients with Marfan syndrome to lead more active lives. […] Genetic counseling: Genetic counseling is essential to gain insight into their inheritance patterns, identify potential risks in future generations, and make informed decisions regarding personal and family planning. […] Psychological support: Psychological counseling and participation in support groups provide emotional and psychological assistance to individuals and families, aiding them in coping with the emotional challenges accompanying Marfan syndrome.

• #1 Marfan Syndrome – OrthoInfo – AAOS

  https://orthoinfo.aaos.org/en/diseases–conditions/marfan-syndrome/

  Marfan syndrome is a disorder that affects connective tissue. […] There is no cure for Marfan syndrome. Most symptoms, however, can be treated and managed. With proper medical care, children who are diagnosed early can expect to lead successful lives with near normal lifespans. […] There are treatments to manage and help prevent the heart problems associated with Marfan syndrome. […] Yearly eye exams by an ophthalmologist are required to quickly identify any changes in the eye. […] Because there is no cure, treatment for Marfan syndrome focuses on managing the symptoms and preventing complications. […] Many types of medical specialists are involved in the treatment of Marfan syndrome. […] The operation for scoliosis is a spinal fusion. […] People with Marfan syndrome are more prone to flatfoot because the ligaments that support the arch of the foot are loose. […] If the hip pain worsens and causes disability, surgery may be recommended. […] Regular medical monitoring is essential for people with Marfan syndrome, especially testing for changes in heart and eye health.

• #1 Marfan Syndrome (MFS) Treatment & Management: Approach Considerations, Medical Therapy, Surgical Therapy

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1258926-treatment

  The ascending aorta (aortic root) or the incompetent aortic valve may also require repair. […] The major indication for surgery for the musculoskeletal system involves progression of moderate-to-severe scoliosis. […] Adequate treatment should be provided for those with scoliosis to reduce pain, to improve overall cosmetic appearance, and, most important, to improve pulmonary mechanics through reduction of spinal and chest-wall deformities. […] Most authors recommend aggressive bone grafting, rigid internal fixation, and adequate patient surveillance postoperatively to diagnose complications early in the clinical course.

• #1 Support for Marfan Syndrome | NYU Langone Health

  https://nyulangone.org/conditions/marfan-syndrome/support

  Marfan syndrome is a lifelong condition, and doctors at NYU Langone provide ongoing support to help people manage the symptoms and improve their quality of life. […] You may need specialized care to prevent or slow serious medical conditions that can be associated with Marfan syndrome. […] In addition to medications and surgery, your doctor may recommend lifestyle changes to support the organs and bones that can be affected by Marfan syndrome. […] Your NYU Langone cardiologist or cardiovascular surgeon may recommend reducing stress on the aorta by refraining from exercise that is more strenuous than walking or light cycling. […] Doctors also recommend avoiding contact sports and heavy weight lifting. […] Specialists in NYU Langones Tobacco Cessation Programs can help. […] Before any dental procedures, consult your NYU Langone doctor, who may recommend that you take antibiotics before the procedure to help prevent this condition.

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  https://www.singhealth.com.sg/patient-care/conditions-treatments/marfan-syndrome

  Regular eye examinations to monitor for myopia and lens dislocations. […] There are also important lifestyle considerations for an individual with Marfan syndrome: […] Ensure a balanced diet, engage in low-intensity exercise and avoid smoking. These measures are also good for general health. […] Avoid heavy weightlifting and contact sports. Discuss with your doctor about recommendations for exercise and activities. […] With proper management of the cardiovascular manifestations, the life expectancy of someone with Marfan syndrome approximates that of the general population. […] For individuals with Marfan syndrome who are pregnant: […] Pregnant women with Marfan syndrome may be at high risk of obstetric and cardiac complications due to increased stress of the aortic wall especially during delivery. Please consult your doctor for preconception care and counselling.

• #1 Marfan Syndrome – Harvard Health

  https://www.health.harvard.edu/a_to_z/marfan-syndrome-a-to-z

  You should follow a non-strenuous exercise program that involves non-competitive, non-contact sports (walking, bicycling, jogging), which you can do at your own pace. […] If you have Marfan-related scoliosis of 20 to 40 degrees, you can be treated with a brace and physical therapy. For scoliosis greater than 45 degrees, surgery is often recommended. You should have eye examinations regularly to look for Marfan-related eye problems. If you have ectopia lentis, you may be able to be treated with special lenses called aphakic lenses and special eye drops to widen the pupil, rather than surgery. If eye surgery is necessary, it should be done in an ophthalmology center that specializes in the treatment of Marfan syndrome.

• #1 Marfan Syndrome: Symptoms, Causes & Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/17209-marfan-syndrome

  Theres no cure for Marfan syndrome. But various treatments and strategies can help manage your symptoms and prevent complications, like: […] You’ll need a treatment plan that’s specific to your health issues. […] Certain medications can help prevent or manage complications, including: […] Beta-blockers prevent or slow down the enlargement of your aorta. Healthcare providers recommend beta-blocker therapy at an early age for MFS. If you can’t take them because of asthma or side effects, your provider can prescribe a calcium channel blocker. […] ARBs may also slow the rate of aorta enlargement in people with MFS. […] You’ll need routine medical appointments to monitor your: […] Intense physical activity can strain your aorta and other connective tissues impacted by MFS. Because of this, you’ll work closely with a physical therapist to find exercises and sports that are safe for you.

• #1 Marfan syndrome – Wikipedia

  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marfan_syndrome

  The ocular complications of MFS can often be treated with surgery. Ectopia lentis can be treated, as artificial lenses can be surgically implanted. In addition, surgery can address glaucoma and cataracts. […] During pregnancy, even in the absence of preconception cardiovascular abnormality, women with Marfan syndrome are at significant risk of aortic dissection, which is often fatal even when rapidly treated. Women with Marfan syndrome, then, should receive a thorough assessment prior to conception, and echocardiography should be performed every six to 10 weeks during pregnancy, to assess the aortic root diameter. […] In 1996, the first preimplantation genetic testing (PGT) therapy for Marfan was conducted; in essence PGT means conducting a genetic test on early-stage IVF embryo cells and discarding those embryos affected by the Marfan mutation.

• #1 Support for Marfan Syndrome | NYU Langone Health

  https://nyulangone.org/conditions/marfan-syndrome/support

  If you are pregnant or planning to be, talk to your doctor about how to manage the risks associated with pregnancy, including aortic dissection. […] People with Marfan syndrome may need rehabilitation after heart surgery to help them transition from the hospital to home. […] Your NYU Langone doctor may refer you to a psychologist or social worker to address the emotional effects of Marfan syndrome, which can include anxiety and depression.

• #1 Marfan Syndrome – Children’s Health Issues – Merck Manual Consumer Version

  https://www.merckmanuals.com/home/children-s-health-issues/connective-tissue-disorders-in-children/marfan-syndrome

  There is no cure for Marfan syndrome or any way to correct the abnormalities in the connective tissue. […] Treatment of Marfan syndrome is aimed at preventing and/or fixing dangerous complications. […] Beta-blockers (such as atenolol and propranolol) are medications that slow the heart rate and decrease the force of heart contractions. These medications are given to make blood flow more gently through the aorta. However, if the aorta has widened or developed an aneurysm, the affected section should be repaired or replaced surgically. Severe valve regurgitation is also surgically repaired. Pregnant women are at especially high risk of complications with their aorta, so repair of the aorta before conception should be discussed. Angiotensin II receptor blockers (such as losartan and candesartan) are other medications that may be given to lower blood pressure.

• #1 Marfan Syndrome: 7 Ways to Help Manage Symptoms – Dr. Axe

  https://draxe.com/health/marfan-syndrome/

  There is no true way to prevent Marfan syndrome, although you may be able to prevent some symptoms or complications of the disease by getting early and frequent treatment. […] With regular monitoring and some conventional treatments, people with Marfan syndrome can live a normal lifespan. […] If you have Marfan syndrome and wish to learn more about preventing the disease in your children, you can speak with a genetic counselor about your options. […] Pregnancy in people with Marfan syndrome can be dangerous because pregnancy puts extra stress on the aorta. […] However, research shows that a health pregnancy and delivery can certainly be achieved in most women with Marfan syndrome. […] If you have Marfan syndrome and you or your partner are considering getting pregnant, keep these tips in mind: Speak to a genetic counselor before the pregnancy to learn about your risk of passing the condition to your children and how to best detect and manage Marfan in children.

• #1 Marfan syndrome | Better Health Channel

  https://www.betterhealth.vic.gov.au/health/conditionsandtreatments/marfan-syndrome

  There is no cure, but the syndrome can be managed with careful monitoring, medication, surgery and lifestyle changes, including the avoidance of heavy physical activity and contact sports. […] Depending on which body parts are affected and to what degree, regular monitoring and treatment options may include: lifestyle changes, regular echocardiogram tests to monitor heart and aorta size and function, regular eye examinations and treatment, regular check-ups to monitor the skeleton and offer corrective treatment if necessary. This is particularly important during the growth spurt of puberty, medication, such as beta-blockers, to reduce blood pressure and relieve the strain on the cardiovascular system, measures such as a course of antibiotics to prevent infection prior to any type of surgery involving the teeth, genitals or urinary system to reduce the risk of heart valve problems, including infection (endocarditis), heart surgery, such as surgical repair of valves and aorta.

• #1

  https://www.singhealth.com.sg/patient-care/conditions-treatments/marfan-syndrome

  While it is not possible to cure Marfan syndrome, much can be done to make sure you/your child has the best possible outcome. […] The multidisciplinary medical team looking after you/your child will be able to address specific medical concerns and routine Marfan syndrome-related health issues. […] Management measures may include: […] Regular echocardiograms to assess the heart and width of the aorta. Medications and/or surgery may be required if the width of the aorta gets too wide. […] Maintaining good dental and skin hygiene, which is important to reduce the risk of infection of the heart valves. […] Antibiotic prophylaxis may be required before surgery and dental procedures in some cases. Please discuss with your doctor for the latest update on antibiotic prophylaxis. […] Careful monitoring of the skeleton to detect problems with the spine or chest bone.

• #1 Marfan Syndrome – Children’s Health Issues – Merck Manual Consumer Version

  https://www.merckmanuals.com/home/children-s-health-issues/connective-tissue-disorders-in-children/marfan-syndrome

  A displaced lens or retina can usually be reattached surgically. […] A brace is used to treat abnormal curving of the spine (scoliosis) for as long as possible. However, some children need a surgical procedure to correct the curve. […] People should receive genetic counseling. People and their families may obtain additional information from the The Marfan Foundation.

• #1 Marfan Syndrome: Enhanced Diagnostic Tools and Follow-up Management Strategies

  https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4418/13/13/2284

  The definition of a dilated ascending aorta is related to a dimension > 4.0 cm, but elective aortic root replacement should be considered in asymptomatic patients with a maximal aortic diameter between 45 and 50 mm, following the American Heart Association (AHA) recommendations. […] The timing of the surgery depends primarily on the size of the aorta, its growth rate and the presence of valve regurgitation. However, the decision about timing and the surgical approach must be carefully shared with the patient. […] Psychological support is provided to patients (young and adults) belonging to the center, coming from all over the national territory, for preliminary evaluation or regular half-yearly and/or annual follow-up. […] The service we recommend should provide: (a) psychological counseling; (b) psychological counseling to patients and couples that are planning a pregnancy; (c) psycho-educational activities of cognitive behavioral imprint; (d) the presence of medical professionals when communicating the diagnosis to the patients; (e) parental counseling interviews; (f) self-help groups.

• #1 Drug treatment strategies for Marfan syndrome | JEP

  https://www.dovepress.com/an-overview-of-investigational-and-experimental-drug-treatment-strateg-peer-reviewed-fulltext-article-JEP

  Despite several setbacks, the search for novel treatment targets to cure or to ameliorate cardiovascular manifestations in MFS continues. […] Currently, no medical treatment is available to completely cure MFS or to definitively prevent fatal complications. This is likely a consequence of the still incomplete understanding of the complex mechanisms involved in MFS pathophysiology.

• #1 New Treatment For Marfan’s Syndrome Shows Promise – Cardiovascular Division

  https://cardiology.wustl.edu/new-treatment-marfans-syndrome-shows-promise/

  An investigational treatment for Marfans syndrome is as effective as the standard therapy at slowing enlargment of the aorta, new research shows. […] The findings indicate a second treatment option for Marfans patients, who are at high risk of sudden death from aortic dissection. […] For years, standard medical therapy for Marfans syndrome consisted of giving patients beta blockers, which lower heart rate and blood pressure, reducing stress on the wall of the aorta. […] The new study suggests that we have a second option for patients that appears to be as effective as standard treatment. […] The second option is Losartan, an angiotensin receptor blocker. […] Past research in mice and smaller clinical trials suggested that this class of drugs might actually be superior to beta blocker treatment for Marfans syndrome.

• #1 Marfan’s Syndrome (Causes, Symptoms and Treatment)

  https://patient.info/doctor/marfans-syndrome-pro

  The aim of personalised external aortic root support (PEARS) using mesh in people with Marfan’s syndrome is to reinforce the aortic root and ascending aorta to prevent enlargement and subsequent dissection or rupture. […] Surgery may be indicated for associated orthopaedic problems, including scoliosis.

• #1 Marfan Syndrome – Marfan Foundation

  https://marfan.org/conditions/marfan-syndrome/

  Marfan syndrome is a serious, potentially life-threatening condition, and an early, accurate diagnosis is essential for people with Marfan syndrome. […] People with Marfan syndrome are born with it, but features of the condition are not always present right away. Some people have a lot of Marfan features at birth or as young children including serious conditions like aortic enlargement. Others have fewer features when they are young and don’t develop aortic enlargement or other signs of Marfan syndrome until they are adults. Some features of Marfan syndrome, like those affecting the heart and blood vessels, bones or joints, can get worse over time. […] This makes it very important for people with Marfan syndrome and related conditions to receive accurate, early diagnosis and treatment. Without it, they can be at risk for potentially life-threatening complications. The earlier some treatments are started, the better the outcomes are likely to be.

• #1 Marfan Syndrome: Symptoms, Treatment, Life Expectancy

  https://www.verywellhealth.com/marfan-syndrome-5113945

  Exercise is important for people with Marfan syndrome, as it can help maintain strength and decrease pain. However, this should be low to moderate intensity, to avoid certain complications. […] It’s also important that people with Marfan syndrome protect their heart and blood vessels in other ways. For example, smoking increases the risk of aortic dissection in people with Marfan syndrome. So it’s even more important that these individuals quit smoking than it is for people without Marfan syndrome. […] If you have Marfan syndrome and are thinking about becoming pregnant, talk to your healthcare provider. That way, you can fully understand your risks and make plans to maximize your chance of a healthy pregnancy.

• #1 Marfan Syndrome: 7 Ways to Help Manage Symptoms – Dr. Axe

  https://draxe.com/health/marfan-syndrome/

  Marfan syndrome, also called Marfans syndrome, MFS or Marfans disease, is a genetic disorder that affects the bodys connective tissue. […] Although some symptoms can be treated, there is no cure for Marfan syndrome. […] Modern treatment for Marfan syndrome has increased the expected lifespan of people with the disorder. […] Common conventional treatments include: Medicines to lower blood pressure so that the aorta isnt strained, Aorta surgery to replace part of your aorta with an artificial tube or new valve, Eye medications for problems such as glaucoma, Surgery for eye problems, including placement of an artificial lens for cataracts, Scoliosis braces or surgical straightening, Breastbone surgery to fix the appearance of a sunken or protruding chest, Frequent screenings or checkups with various types of physicians, including ophthalmologists, orthopedists, geneticists and cardiologists.

• #1 Marfan Syndrome: Symptoms & Causes | Mass General Brigham

  https://www.massgeneralbrigham.org/en/patient-care/services-and-specialties/heart/conditions/marfan-syndrome

  Treatments for Marfan syndrome have improved greatly after decades of research, and life expectancy rates have increased as a result. With earlier diagnosis, active management by a multidisciplinary care team, and advanced surgical techniques, Marfan syndrome patients can live relatively normal lives. […] We offer comprehensive and collaborative care that addresses the multiple, complex, and lifelong aspects of Marfan syndrome and related conditions. The programs cornerstones of care are patient education and shared decision-making. Patients and their families are encouraged to be partners with the treatment team and to be involved in every decision along the way. […] Marfan syndrome treatment can vary significantly between cases, just as symptoms can. Risks to the heart, specifically the aorta, are common with Marfan syndrome, and treatment options reflect this. Patients are treated with a multidisciplinary approach, including: A full exam and cardiovascular assessment, Determination of whether intervention is necessary, If intervention is necessary, determining which procedure is most appropriate for the patients specific condition, Possible evaluation by the genetics team within the clinic.

• #2 What is Marfan Syndrome? Symptoms & Causes | NIAMS

  https://www.niams.nih.gov/health-topics/marfan-syndrome/basics/diagnosis-treatment-and-steps-to-take

  Treatment varies depending on the area of the body affected and may include medications, other treatments, and surgery to manage the condition and its complications. […] Research and advances in treatments and surgeries allow people with Marfan syndrome to live long, productive lives.

• #2 Marfan Syndrome: Causes, Symptoms, Diagnosis, and Treatments

  https://www.webmd.com/heart-disease/marfan-syndrome

  Marfan syndrome doctors […] To get the best treatment, you may need to see more than one doctor. Marfan syndrome affects multiple systems in your body, so your treatment could involve one or more specialists, including: […] Geneticists […] Surgeons […] Cardiologists […] Dental specialists […] Eye specialists (ophthalmologists) […] Orthopedists […] Pulmonologists […] Mental health professionals […] Dermatologists […] Marfan syndrome treatment […] Youll need a treatment plan designed for your specific needs. Some people need regular follow-up appointments with their doctor and, during the growth years, routine cardiovascular, eye, and orthopedic exams. […] Your treatment will depend on whats affected. For example: […] To treat eye problems, you may need glasses, contacts, or surgery.

• #2 Marfan Syndrome: Symptoms, Treatment and Prevention – Victor Chang Cardiac Research Institute

  https://www.victorchang.edu.au/heart-disease/marfan-syndrome

  There is no cure for Marfan syndrome and treatment varies depending on what parts of the body are affected and the severity of symptoms. […] Treatment and management of Marfan syndrome may include: […] regular health checks, such as echocardiogram (echo) to monitor the heart, heart valves and aorta; CT or MRI angiograms to monitor the size of the aorta; eye exams; and/or skeletal exams […] lifestyle changes, such as avoiding competitive sports and high intensity activities such as weightlifting in those at risk of aortic dissection […] medication, such as beta blockers and/or angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) to reduce blood pressure and lower risk of aortic dissection […] heart surgery, such as heart valve or aorta surgery […] eye surgery […] scoliosis treatment.

• #2 Genetics of Marfan Syndrome Treatment & Management: Medical Care, Surgical Care, Consultations

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/946315-treatment

  General guidelines for all adults diagnosed with Marfan syndrome (MFS) are as follows: […] Beta-blocking treatment to reduce hemodynamic stress on the aortic wall. […] Beta-blocker therapy should be considered at any age if the aorta is dilated, but prophylactic treatment may be more effective in those patients with an aortic diameter of less than 4 cm. […] Annual cardiovascular evaluation should be offered and should include clinical history, examination, and echocardiography. […] Prophylactic aortic root surgery should be considered when the aortic diameter at the sinus of Valsalva is over 5 cm. […] The importance of beta blockers in medical management is as follows: Beta-adrenergic receptor antagonists have gained acceptance as potential agents for delaying aortic expansion and for delaying progression to aortic rupture or dissection.

• #2 New Treatment For Marfan’s Syndrome Shows Promise – Cardiovascular Division

  https://cardiology.wustl.edu/new-treatment-marfans-syndrome-shows-promise/

  An investigational treatment for Marfans syndrome is as effective as the standard therapy at slowing enlargment of the aorta, new research shows. […] The findings indicate a second treatment option for Marfans patients, who are at high risk of sudden death from aortic dissection. […] For years, standard medical therapy for Marfans syndrome consisted of giving patients beta blockers, which lower heart rate and blood pressure, reducing stress on the wall of the aorta. […] The new study suggests that we have a second option for patients that appears to be as effective as standard treatment. […] The second option is Losartan, an angiotensin receptor blocker. […] Past research in mice and smaller clinical trials suggested that this class of drugs might actually be superior to beta blocker treatment for Marfans syndrome.

• #2 Marfan Syndrome: Symptoms, Causes & Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/17209-marfan-syndrome

  Theres no cure for Marfan syndrome. But various treatments and strategies can help manage your symptoms and prevent complications, like: […] You’ll need a treatment plan that’s specific to your health issues. […] Certain medications can help prevent or manage complications, including: […] Beta-blockers prevent or slow down the enlargement of your aorta. Healthcare providers recommend beta-blocker therapy at an early age for MFS. If you can’t take them because of asthma or side effects, your provider can prescribe a calcium channel blocker. […] ARBs may also slow the rate of aorta enlargement in people with MFS. […] You’ll need routine medical appointments to monitor your: […] Intense physical activity can strain your aorta and other connective tissues impacted by MFS. Because of this, you’ll work closely with a physical therapist to find exercises and sports that are safe for you.

• #2 Marfan Syndrome | Ohio State Conditions and Treatments

  https://wexnermedical.osu.edu/heart-vascular/heart-valve/marfan-syndrome

  Diagnosis of Marfan syndrome is the first step. Treatment and follow-up care require expertise from cardiologists and other specialists familiar with the disorder. An echocardiogram, which measures blood flow through the hearts chambers and valves, and chest X-rays may be included in regular exams to check the condition of the heart. […] There is no specific treatment for Marfan syndrome. Rather, treatment addresses the symptoms or complications of the condition, particularly the cardiovascular complications that can be serious. In addition, people afflicted with Marfan syndrome usually need treatment for eye and skeletal problems related to the condition. […] Some symptoms or complications can be treated with medication to decrease the heart rate and blood pressure. These medications may include beta blockers, angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors, angiotensin receptor blockers (ARB) and calcium channel blockers.

• #2 Treating kids with Marfan syndrome – UChicago Medicine

  https://www.uchicagomedicine.org/forefront/pediatrics-articles/2024/january/treating-kids-with-marfan-syndrome

  Early diagnosis offers an opportunity to intervene with medical therapies that can slow the progression of Marfans and other genetic causes of aortic aneurysm. Clinical trials have found that medical therapies may slow the rate of aortic dilation and may prevent aortic complications over time, potentially eliminating the need for surgery, said Earing. […] Patients may be on medications such as beta blockers or angiotensin receptor blockers to slow aortic root dilation and prevent emergent dissections, said Rachel Barsella, DNP, Advanced Practice Nurse for Chicago Adult Congenital Heart Disease Alliance. These classes of medication are safe and effective in both children and adults with recommended follow-up, she said. […] In pediatric patients, Vricella has perfected a prophylactic surgical technique called valve-sparing aortic root replacement, which replaces the aorta and the aortic root to prevent it from further enlarging and catastrophically rupturing, while preserving the native aortic valve and avoiding its replacement with a prosthesis.

• #2 Marfan syndrome – Diagnosis and treatment – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/marfan-syndrome/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20350787

  If your aorta’s diameter reaches about 2 inches (50 millimeters) or if it enlarges rapidly, your doctor may recommend an operation to replace a portion of your aorta with a tube made of synthetic material. This can help prevent a life-threatening rupture. Your aortic valve may need to be replaced as well. […] Surgical options are available to correct the appearance of a sunken or protruding breastbone. […] If parts of your retina have torn or come loose from the back of your eye, surgical repair is usually successful. If you have cataracts, your clouded lens can be replaced with an artificial lens.

• #2 Marfan Syndrome Treatment – UChicago Medicine

  https://www.uchicagomedicine.org/conditions-services/heart-vascular/marfan-syndrome/treatments

  There is no cure for Marfan syndrome currently, but the symptoms and complications can be managed through medical treatments, nonsurgical interventions and surgery as needed. […] Treatment typically focuses on managing symptoms and preventing complications, and may involve medication, surgery or other interventions. […] Treatment may include medications, lifestyle modifications and/or surgery to help manage the condition and prevent complications. […] Some individuals with Marfan Syndrome may benefit from taking medications to manage symptoms or complications. […] Medication may be recommended to reduce the risk of aortic dissection or any associated conditions, such as scoliosis or eye problems. […] Surgery may involve replacing the aortic root with a synthetic graft. […] If the aortic valve is damaged or doesn’t function properly, surgery may be needed to replace it with a mechanical or biological valve.

• #2 Marfan Syndrome: Symptoms & Causes | Mass General Brigham

  https://www.massgeneralbrigham.org/en/patient-care/services-and-specialties/heart/conditions/marfan-syndrome

  Medications can help mitigate complications but do not treat Marfan syndrome directly. Surgery is common for treatment in more severe cases. The goal of surgery for Marfan syndrome is to alleviate symptoms and prevent life-threatening complications like aortic aneurysms and ruptures. Depending on your case’s severity, treatment may include the following approaches. […] Medications are often used to treat or prevent complications of this disorder. Drugs that help regulate and lower blood pressure are commonly used. Beta-blockers and angiotensin receptor blockers are two examples of medication that your physician may prescribe. These medications can regulate blood pressure to protect the aorta from enlarging, dissecting, or rupturing. […] Surgeries for treating Marfan syndrome can vary significantly. The heart, eyes, mouth, spine, and breastbone are areas that can require surgery in some Marfan syndrome cases. Recovery times can vary significantly between surgery types.

• #2 Treatments – Center for Marfan Syndrome | Stanford Health Care

  https://stanfordhealthcare.org/medical-clinics/marfan-syndrome-related-aortic-conditions/treatments.html

  The Center for Marfan Syndrome and Related Aortic Disorders is the largest of its kind in California and among the nation’s leading centers for the diagnosis and treatment of Marfan syndrome. […] At Stanford, treatment of this genetic disease involves a coordinated multidisciplinary effort. We host the most extensive program for Marfan-related thoracic aneurysm in California and are one of the largest in the United States. […] Treatment options include medication therapy or surgical intervention: […] Medical management of Marfan syndrome, such as beta blockers or angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) […] Surgical interventions: […] Aortic root replacement […] Valve sparing root replacement […] Complex aortic surgery for dissections and aneurysms […] Mitral valve surgery, such as mitral valve repair and replacement.

• #2 Marfan Syndrome and Related Conditions Program

  https://www.massgeneral.org/heart-center/treatments-and-services/marfan-syndrome-and-related-conditions-clinic

  Surgical repair of thoracic aortic aneurysms is usually carried out electively when the aneurysm is large enough in size to carry a significant risk of rupture or dissection, or when aneurysms cause symptoms or aortic valve dysfunction. […] The overarching goal of the management of these conditions involves elective operation; however, emergency aortic surgery is occasionally needed for acute Type A aortic dissection, which involves the ascending aorta/aortic root (the very beginning part of the aorta just above the heart). […] Aortic dissections that involve the ascending thoracic aorta are at high risk of aortic rupture, which can be fatal, and the early death rate is about one percent per hour. Therefore, the rapid diagnosis and treatment of this condition is critical.

• #2 Marfan syndrome – Wikipedia

  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marfan_syndrome

  The ocular complications of MFS can often be treated with surgery. Ectopia lentis can be treated, as artificial lenses can be surgically implanted. In addition, surgery can address glaucoma and cataracts. […] During pregnancy, even in the absence of preconception cardiovascular abnormality, women with Marfan syndrome are at significant risk of aortic dissection, which is often fatal even when rapidly treated. Women with Marfan syndrome, then, should receive a thorough assessment prior to conception, and echocardiography should be performed every six to 10 weeks during pregnancy, to assess the aortic root diameter. […] In 1996, the first preimplantation genetic testing (PGT) therapy for Marfan was conducted; in essence PGT means conducting a genetic test on early-stage IVF embryo cells and discarding those embryos affected by the Marfan mutation.

• #2 Nonsurgical Treatment for Marfan Syndrome | NYU Langone Health

  https://nyulangone.org/conditions/marfan-syndrome/treatments/nonsurgical-treatment-for-marfan-syndrome

  At NYU Langone, treatment for Marfan syndrome may include medications and devices to help ease or correct symptoms, such as pain, nearsightedness, and scoliosis. […] Doctors may prescribe medications that help prevent or slow the progression of problems with the aorta or manage pain associated with Marfan syndrome. […] Beta-blockers are oral medications that lower blood pressure, helping to prevent or slow the enlargement of the aorta. […] Angiotensin receptor blockers, taken by mouth, relax blood vessels. […] Your doctor may prescribe medications to treat joint pain or the pain of dural ectasia, a swelling of the membrane that surrounds the spinal cord. […] For some people with Marfan syndrome, assistive devices can help improve mobility or eyesight. […] For scoliosis with a 20 to 40 percent curvature, nonsurgical treatments such as a personally fitted back brace may be recommended to prevent the condition from worsening. […] If you develop ectopia lentis in one or both eyes, your doctor may recommend special eyeglasses or contact lenses to correct your vision. […] Another option is specially designed flat contact lenses or surgery to correct the dislocation of the eye lenses.

• #2 Marfan Syndrome – Harvard Health

  https://www.health.harvard.edu/a_to_z/marfan-syndrome-a-to-z

  You should follow a non-strenuous exercise program that involves non-competitive, non-contact sports (walking, bicycling, jogging), which you can do at your own pace. […] If you have Marfan-related scoliosis of 20 to 40 degrees, you can be treated with a brace and physical therapy. For scoliosis greater than 45 degrees, surgery is often recommended. You should have eye examinations regularly to look for Marfan-related eye problems. If you have ectopia lentis, you may be able to be treated with special lenses called aphakic lenses and special eye drops to widen the pupil, rather than surgery. If eye surgery is necessary, it should be done in an ophthalmology center that specializes in the treatment of Marfan syndrome.

• #2 Marfan Syndrome Treatment – UChicago Medicine

  https://www.uchicagomedicine.org/conditions-services/heart-vascular/marfan-syndrome/treatments

  Surgery or nonsurgical interventional care may be used to repair the valve to prevent leakage. […] Surgery or nonsurgical interventional care can be used to repair the valve. […] In some cases, surgery or nonsurgical options may be necessary to repair other cardiac structures, such as the septum or the coronary arteries. […] Surgery may be necessary to correct eye problems, such as dislocated lenses, cataracts and glaucoma. […] Surgery may be necessary to correct the curvature of the spine. […] Chronic pain that can require with nonsurgical or surgical procedures to relieve pain and improve mobility.

• #2 Marfan Syndrome | Symptoms and Treatment

  https://patient.info/heart-health/abdominal-aortic-aneurysm/marfan-syndrome

  Sometimes heart surgery is needed to repair or replace part of the main artery if it becomes too wide. This is usually advised once the size of the aorta reaches 5cm. This is because there is a risk that the artery may tear or burst suddenly. During surgery, the dilated part of the artery is replaced using a graft. […] A number of the problems with your bones that may occur with Marfan syndrome may require treatment. Physiotherapy is often used for hip pain, back pain or problems with walking. […] You will be seen regularly by an eye specialist if you have Marfan syndrome. […] Treatment for eye problems may be needed. For example, lasers can be used to repair a problem with the lining at the back of your eye (detached retina). […] If your breastbone is pressed inwards (pectus excavatum), your lungs and breathing may be affected and you may need to have surgery to correct this.

• #2 Marfan Syndrome: Symptoms, Causes, Risk Factors, and More

  https://www.healthline.com/health/marfan-syndrome

  Theres no cure for Marfan syndrome, but treatment can address the complications, some of which may otherwise become life threatening. […] Beta-blockers like propranolol or atenolol can help treat cardiovascular symptoms. They can lower the pressure on the cardiovascular system by reducing the strength and frequency of heart contractions. […] Another option may be angiotensin receptor blockers, like losartan or irbesartan. Theres evidence they may help some people with Marfan syndrome, but research is ongoing. […] A doctor may prescribe an orthopedic brace if you have skeletal problems, like scoliosis. […] Regular eye exams can help detect and correct vision problems. Experts recommend a checkup at least once a year. […] Possible interventions include: wearing eyeglasses, using contact lenses, surgery, in some cases.

• #2 Marfan Syndrome – OrthoInfo – AAOS

  https://orthoinfo.aaos.org/en/diseases–conditions/marfan-syndrome/

  Marfan syndrome is a disorder that affects connective tissue. […] There is no cure for Marfan syndrome. Most symptoms, however, can be treated and managed. With proper medical care, children who are diagnosed early can expect to lead successful lives with near normal lifespans. […] There are treatments to manage and help prevent the heart problems associated with Marfan syndrome. […] Yearly eye exams by an ophthalmologist are required to quickly identify any changes in the eye. […] Because there is no cure, treatment for Marfan syndrome focuses on managing the symptoms and preventing complications. […] Many types of medical specialists are involved in the treatment of Marfan syndrome. […] The operation for scoliosis is a spinal fusion. […] People with Marfan syndrome are more prone to flatfoot because the ligaments that support the arch of the foot are loose. […] If the hip pain worsens and causes disability, surgery may be recommended. […] Regular medical monitoring is essential for people with Marfan syndrome, especially testing for changes in heart and eye health.

• #2 Marfan Syndrome – Children’s Health Issues – Merck Manual Consumer Version

  https://www.merckmanuals.com/home/children-s-health-issues/connective-tissue-disorders-in-children/marfan-syndrome

  A displaced lens or retina can usually be reattached surgically. […] A brace is used to treat abnormal curving of the spine (scoliosis) for as long as possible. However, some children need a surgical procedure to correct the curve. […] People should receive genetic counseling. People and their families may obtain additional information from the The Marfan Foundation.

• #2 Marfan Syndrome | Boston Children’s Hospital

  https://www.childrenshospital.org/conditions/marfan-syndrome

  If your child has scoliosis a common problem in children with Marfan syndrome they may need to wear a brace or other device to prevent the condition from getting worse. Severe cases of scoliosis may require surgery. […] Some children may also need surgery to repair a chest that sinks in (pectus excavatum) or that sticks out (pectus carinatum). Surgery to repair a concave chest is done to prevent the chest from pressing on the lungs and heart and is generally very successful. […] Glasses or contact lenses can help with some of these problems, but children may need surgery for a dislocated lens or cataracts. […] Treatments for glaucoma may include eye drops, medications, laser therapy, or surgery. […] Your cardiologist will help you create a long-term care program for your child as they mature into the teen years and adulthood.

• #2 Marfan Syndrome – In Motion O.C.

  https://www.inmotionoc.com/ailments/non-body-part-specific/marfan-syndrome/

  Through physical therapy, finding a treatment plan to manage your Marfan syndrome symptoms is possible. […] Although there is no cure for Marfan syndrome, various treatments are available to help improve a patients quality of life and prognosis. Treatments will vary depending on which symptoms and complications you are experiencing. […] Physical therapy for people with Marfan syndrome and other similar connective tissue disorders has proven to be successful in the past. […] Seeking a skilled physical therapist to help manage your Marfan syndrome symptoms is important, and our team at In Motion O.C. is trained to help. […] Although there is no cure for Marfan syndrome, our team of physical therapists at In Motion O.C. can help improve your quality of life by helping you manage your symptoms with safe and effective tools.

• #2 Marfan Syndrome: Causes, Symptoms, Diagnosis, and Treatments

  https://www.webmd.com/heart-disease/marfan-syndrome

  To treat skeletal problems, you may need an orthopedic brace, shoe inserts, or spinal fusion surgery. […] Heart issues may require medication or surgery. […] Marfan syndrome medications […] Doctors dont typically use medications to treat Marfan syndrome. But your doctor may prescribe a beta-blocker, which lowers the forcefulness of your heartbeat and the pressure in the arteries, preventing or slowing the enlargement of the aorta. Beta-blocker therapy is usually started when the patient is young. […] Some people cant take beta-blockers because they have asthma or because of side effects, which may include drowsiness, weakness, headaches, a slowed heartbeat, swelling of the hands and feet, or trouble breathing and sleeping. In these cases, you may take a medication called a calcium channel blocker.

• #2 Marfan Syndrome | Nationwide Children’s Hospital

  https://www.nationwidechildrens.org/conditions/marfan-syndrome

  Treating Marfan Syndrome Nationwide Children’s Hospital offers a team of experts focused on the treatment of children with Marfan Syndrome. […] How Is Marfan Syndrome Treated? Surveillance All patients with aortic and cardiovascular abnormalities require annual or biannual follow up including imaging of the cardiovascular system. Patients with ocular, orthopedic, pulmonary and neurological involvement also required follow up with experts in those fields. […] Prevention of Aortic Dissection Progressive aortic dilation increases the risk of dissection, a tear between the walls of the aorta, Aortic dissection is very serious and can be fatal. Our goal is to prevent aortic dissection by lowering the blood pressure transmitted to the aorta (medical therapy; avoidance of competitive sports), avoiding a blow to the chest (avoidance of contact sports like football and basketball) and surgery.

• #2 Marfan Syndrome: Symptoms, Treatment, Life Expectancy

  https://www.verywellhealth.com/marfan-syndrome-5113945

  Exercise is important for people with Marfan syndrome, as it can help maintain strength and decrease pain. However, this should be low to moderate intensity, to avoid certain complications. […] It’s also important that people with Marfan syndrome protect their heart and blood vessels in other ways. For example, smoking increases the risk of aortic dissection in people with Marfan syndrome. So it’s even more important that these individuals quit smoking than it is for people without Marfan syndrome. […] If you have Marfan syndrome and are thinking about becoming pregnant, talk to your healthcare provider. That way, you can fully understand your risks and make plans to maximize your chance of a healthy pregnancy.

• #2 Support for Marfan Syndrome | NYU Langone Health

  https://nyulangone.org/conditions/marfan-syndrome/support

  Marfan syndrome is a lifelong condition, and doctors at NYU Langone provide ongoing support to help people manage the symptoms and improve their quality of life. […] You may need specialized care to prevent or slow serious medical conditions that can be associated with Marfan syndrome. […] In addition to medications and surgery, your doctor may recommend lifestyle changes to support the organs and bones that can be affected by Marfan syndrome. […] Your NYU Langone cardiologist or cardiovascular surgeon may recommend reducing stress on the aorta by refraining from exercise that is more strenuous than walking or light cycling. […] Doctors also recommend avoiding contact sports and heavy weight lifting. […] Specialists in NYU Langones Tobacco Cessation Programs can help. […] Before any dental procedures, consult your NYU Langone doctor, who may recommend that you take antibiotics before the procedure to help prevent this condition.

• #2 Marfan Syndrome: 7 Ways to Help Manage Symptoms – Dr. Axe

  https://draxe.com/health/marfan-syndrome/

  There is no true way to prevent Marfan syndrome, although you may be able to prevent some symptoms or complications of the disease by getting early and frequent treatment. […] With regular monitoring and some conventional treatments, people with Marfan syndrome can live a normal lifespan. […] If you have Marfan syndrome and wish to learn more about preventing the disease in your children, you can speak with a genetic counselor about your options. […] Pregnancy in people with Marfan syndrome can be dangerous because pregnancy puts extra stress on the aorta. […] However, research shows that a health pregnancy and delivery can certainly be achieved in most women with Marfan syndrome. […] If you have Marfan syndrome and you or your partner are considering getting pregnant, keep these tips in mind: Speak to a genetic counselor before the pregnancy to learn about your risk of passing the condition to your children and how to best detect and manage Marfan in children.

• #2 Cardiovascular Management of Adults with Marfan Syndrome | ECR Journal

  https://www.ecrjournal.com/articles/cardiovascular-management-adults-marfan-syndrome?language_content_entity=en

  European guidelines suggest that when the aortic root diameter reaches 5.0 cm, MFS patients should undergo surgery. […] In cases of Stanford type A dissection, patients should be offered emergency surgery, because the mortality within a 48 hour period is 50 %. […] Surgery reduces 1 month mortality from 90 to 30 %, including dissection patients without MFS. […] Infective endocarditis can be difficult to prevent as it may occur from such activities as brushing teeth, chewing or flossing. […] The Marfan Foundation also recommends prophylaxis of endocarditis for MFS patients who have valvular regurgitation, because although other guidelines do not recommend prophylaxis of endocarditis for patients with valvular regurgitation without personal endocarditis history, there is no risk stratification of endocarditis in the case of patients with systemic connective tissue disorder. […] Treatment strategies for cardiac manifestations including beta-blockers, elective aortic root replacement and MV repair surgery have improved the life expectancy of people with MFS.

• #2 Support for Marfan Syndrome | NYU Langone Health

  https://nyulangone.org/conditions/marfan-syndrome/support

  If you are pregnant or planning to be, talk to your doctor about how to manage the risks associated with pregnancy, including aortic dissection. […] People with Marfan syndrome may need rehabilitation after heart surgery to help them transition from the hospital to home. […] Your NYU Langone doctor may refer you to a psychologist or social worker to address the emotional effects of Marfan syndrome, which can include anxiety and depression.

• #2 Genetics of Marfan Syndrome Treatment & Management: Medical Care, Surgical Care, Consultations

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/946315-treatment

  Calcium antagonist therapy also retards aortic growth, but a recommended dose has not been established. […] The importance of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors in medical management is as follows: ACE inhibitors reduce central arterial pressure and conduit arterial stiffness and may be useful in MFS. […] The importance of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) in medical management is as follows: Long-term treatment with doxycycline in a mouse model of MFS suppressed MMPs (MMP-2 and -9) and improved aortic wall architecture and stiffness. […] Other therapeutic interventions are as follows: Anticoagulant medications, such as warfarin, are needed after artificial heart valve placement. […] Psychological counseling is helpful for families coping with feelings of denial, anger, blame, depression, or guilt.

• #2 Marfan Syndrome: Diagnosis & Treatment | NewYork-Presbyterian

  https://www.nyp.org/pediatrics/marfan-syndrome/treatment

  There is currently no cure for Marfan syndrome. Treating Marfan syndrome focuses on managing symptoms and preventing complications through medical management. Treatment varies based on the areas of the body affected by the disorder and the severity of the symptoms. […] Your childs provider may prescribe drugs to lower blood pressure and help reduce stress on the aorta, which is a frequently affected structure in patients with Marfans disease. […] In cases of severe complications, surgery may be required. Surgical intervention to treat Marfan syndrome may be used to correct a torn or displaced retina in the eye, correct severe scoliosis, or repair a damaged aorta. […] Glasses and contact lenses can be used to correct vision problems, and a brace can be used to stop the progression of scoliosis. Physical therapy can help strengthen joints and improve flexibility in those with Marfan syndrome. Counseling and support groups may help patients with the emotional impacts of living with Marfan syndrome.

• #2 Marfan Syndrome: Causes, Symptoms, Diagnosis & Treatment | Medanta

  https://www.medanta.org/pillar/marfan-syndrome-types-symptoms-causes-treatment

  Orthopedic interventions: Doctors may recommend braces or surgery to fix skeletal issues like scoliosis and joint problems commonly associated with Marfan syndrome. […] Physical and occupational therapy: Your doctor may tailor physical and occupational therapy programs to enhance joint flexibility, posture, and overall physical function. It may help patients with Marfan syndrome to lead more active lives. […] Genetic counseling: Genetic counseling is essential to gain insight into their inheritance patterns, identify potential risks in future generations, and make informed decisions regarding personal and family planning. […] Psychological support: Psychological counseling and participation in support groups provide emotional and psychological assistance to individuals and families, aiding them in coping with the emotional challenges accompanying Marfan syndrome.

• #2 Marfan syndrome. Part 2: treatment and management of patients | Nature Reviews Cardiology

  https://www.nature.com/articles/nrcardio.2010.31

  Aortic disease is the main cause of death among patients with Marfan syndrome. Improvements in surgical techniques have facilitated prophylactic surgery and have dramatically changed the life expectancy of patients with Marfan syndrome. Valve-sparing techniques are becoming the standard surgical treatment for these patients, since the operative and long-term results are comparable with those obtained with the Bentall and De Bono procedure and their theoretical advantages over the Bentall and De Bono procedure are attractive for young patients. […] Several medical approaches have appeared as alternatives or adjuncts to the standard treatment with -blockers. Mouse models of the disease have shown that the angiotensin II receptor blocker losartan can rescue the phenotype. […] Prophylactic aortic surgery has dramatically changed the prognosis of Marfan syndrome in the past few decades. Aortic root replacement is indicated if aortic diameter exceeds 50 mm; however, a lower threshold is often considered.

• #2 Promising new treatment for Marfan syndrome – ANGOMED NEWS

  https://angomed.com/promising-new-treatment-for-marfan-syndrome/

  If necessary an orthopedic brace, or even surgery may be required. […] The patient will also need regular assessments of the aorta and heart function. […] Beta-blockers may be prescribed for heart valve problems. […] Sometimes surgery is needed to repair the aorta or replace a heart valve. […] Prompt surgical intervention is an important preventive measure against possible aortic dissection (tear or rupture of the wall of the aorta). […] This trial demonstrated that Marfan patients treated with either Atenolol or Losartan had very slow rates of aortic growth, and each group tolerated their medications well. […] While beta blockers may be the gold standard for this condition, these results suggest we must use effective doses. […] This is also an important alternative therapy for the smaller number of patients who are intolerant to beta blockers.

• #2 Marfan Syndrome: Symptoms & Causes | Mass General Brigham

  https://www.massgeneralbrigham.org/en/patient-care/services-and-specialties/heart/conditions/marfan-syndrome

  Treatments for Marfan syndrome have improved greatly after decades of research, and life expectancy rates have increased as a result. With earlier diagnosis, active management by a multidisciplinary care team, and advanced surgical techniques, Marfan syndrome patients can live relatively normal lives. […] We offer comprehensive and collaborative care that addresses the multiple, complex, and lifelong aspects of Marfan syndrome and related conditions. The programs cornerstones of care are patient education and shared decision-making. Patients and their families are encouraged to be partners with the treatment team and to be involved in every decision along the way. […] Marfan syndrome treatment can vary significantly between cases, just as symptoms can. Risks to the heart, specifically the aorta, are common with Marfan syndrome, and treatment options reflect this. Patients are treated with a multidisciplinary approach, including: A full exam and cardiovascular assessment, Determination of whether intervention is necessary, If intervention is necessary, determining which procedure is most appropriate for the patients specific condition, Possible evaluation by the genetics team within the clinic.

• #2 Marfan Syndrome

  https://www.uabmedicine.org/specialties/marfan-syndrome/

  Some estimates suggest that half of the people with the condition dont know they have it. Available therapies are more effective the earlier the condition is detected and treated. […] UAB Medicine operates a Marfan Syndrome and Related Disorders Clinic, which is a multi-specialty clinic that includes physicians from the UAB Department of Pediatric Cardiology and the UAB Department of Genetics. Services offered include physical exams, echocardiogram/EKG, and genetic testing for diseases and conditions of the aorta, when needed. […] Because Marfan syndrome can affect the heart, patient care also may be provided by the UAB Congenital Heart Disease Program. The program offers the most advanced care for congenital (present at birth) heart disease, which often requires lifetime monitoring and care.

• #2 Management of Marfan syndrome and related disorders – UpToDate

  https://www.uptodate.com/contents/management-of-marfan-syndrome-and-related-disorders

  Management of Marfan syndrome and related disorders […] The prognosis of patients with MFS has improved with the use of medical therapy (beta blockers and angiotensin receptor blockers), routine and noninvasive monitoring of aortic size, elective surgical repair of the aorta, and restriction of vigorous physical exercise. […] Monitoring of the thoracic aortic diameter is recommended to identify patients at high risk for aortic dissection.

• #2 Marfan syndrome. Part 2: treatment and management of patients | Nature Reviews Cardiology

  https://www.nature.com/articles/nrcardio.2010.31

  Despite the lack of solid evidence, -blockers are the standard medical treatment for patients with Marfan syndrome. Angiotensin II receptor blockers have emerged as a potentially better alternative to -blockers for patients with Marfan syndrome. […] Pregnancy represents a challenge for female patients with Marfan syndrome, with the most feared complication being the risk of aortic dissection.

• #2

  https://www.singhealth.com.sg/patient-care/conditions-treatments/marfan-syndrome

  Regular eye examinations to monitor for myopia and lens dislocations. […] There are also important lifestyle considerations for an individual with Marfan syndrome: […] Ensure a balanced diet, engage in low-intensity exercise and avoid smoking. These measures are also good for general health. […] Avoid heavy weightlifting and contact sports. Discuss with your doctor about recommendations for exercise and activities. […] With proper management of the cardiovascular manifestations, the life expectancy of someone with Marfan syndrome approximates that of the general population. […] For individuals with Marfan syndrome who are pregnant: […] Pregnant women with Marfan syndrome may be at high risk of obstetric and cardiac complications due to increased stress of the aortic wall especially during delivery. Please consult your doctor for preconception care and counselling.

• #2 Marfan Syndrome: Symptoms, Causes, Risk Factors, and More

  https://www.healthline.com/health/marfan-syndrome

  A person with Marfan syndrome may need to avoid sports and activities that involve a risk of head trauma, like football or boxing. […] Statistics show that people with Marfan syndrome are likely to experience: pain, which affects between 42 and 92 percent of people with the condition, limitations on physical activity, reduced endurance, anxiety and depression. […] But doctors now know that seeking treatment for these problems and avoiding activities that worsen them, like contact sports, can reduce the risk of a life threatening event. […] For this reason, its essential to seek treatment and attend all follow-up appointments if you have Marfan syndrome.

• #2 Management – Marfan Foundation

  https://marfan.org/expectations/treatment/

  Medical advances have had a significant impact on the treatment of Marfan syndrome. With an accurate diagnosis and proper treatment and management, people with Marfan syndrome can live a long and full life. […] In general, you can expect some things you need to think about every day, such as medications and limitations on physical activity. Then, there are routine doctor appointments, which may be yearly or more frequent, as well as other evaluations to make sure that your Marfan features are not worsening. Sometimes, as features progress, your doctor will recommend surgery to prevent or fix a problem. In some cases, you will have time to plan for an operation; in other cases, immediate surgery may be needed. […] Understanding how Marfan syndrome features are treated will help you in your medical journey. We encourage you to learn as much as you can about how the recommended management for Marfan syndrome so you can be prepared at every step of the way. You can always contact us with your questions, but remember that your personal doctor knows your situation best. […] In December 2018, the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) issued a warning against the use of fluoroquinolones in people with Marfan syndrome and other related genetic aortic conditions. Please read the statement from our Professional Advisory Board and share it with your doctors.

• #3 Marfan Syndrome: 7 Ways to Help Manage Symptoms – Dr. Axe

  https://draxe.com/health/marfan-syndrome/

  Marfan syndrome, also called Marfans syndrome, MFS or Marfans disease, is a genetic disorder that affects the bodys connective tissue. […] Although some symptoms can be treated, there is no cure for Marfan syndrome. […] Modern treatment for Marfan syndrome has increased the expected lifespan of people with the disorder. […] Common conventional treatments include: Medicines to lower blood pressure so that the aorta isnt strained, Aorta surgery to replace part of your aorta with an artificial tube or new valve, Eye medications for problems such as glaucoma, Surgery for eye problems, including placement of an artificial lens for cataracts, Scoliosis braces or surgical straightening, Breastbone surgery to fix the appearance of a sunken or protruding chest, Frequent screenings or checkups with various types of physicians, including ophthalmologists, orthopedists, geneticists and cardiologists.

• #3 Marfan Syndrome: Symptoms, Causes & Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/17209-marfan-syndrome

  Theres no cure for Marfan syndrome. But various treatments and strategies can help manage your symptoms and prevent complications, like: […] You’ll need a treatment plan that’s specific to your health issues. […] Certain medications can help prevent or manage complications, including: […] Beta-blockers prevent or slow down the enlargement of your aorta. Healthcare providers recommend beta-blocker therapy at an early age for MFS. If you can’t take them because of asthma or side effects, your provider can prescribe a calcium channel blocker. […] ARBs may also slow the rate of aorta enlargement in people with MFS. […] You’ll need routine medical appointments to monitor your: […] Intense physical activity can strain your aorta and other connective tissues impacted by MFS. Because of this, you’ll work closely with a physical therapist to find exercises and sports that are safe for you.

• #3 Marfan Syndrome: Enhanced Diagnostic Tools and Follow-up Management Strategies

  https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4418/13/13/2284

  The early diagnosis of MFS allows for the initiation of proactive treatment approaches involving beta-blockers and angiotensin I (AT-1) antagonists, which can effectively halt the progression of aortic root dilation. This not only diminishes the requirement for surgery, but also mitigates potential life-threatening scenarios. […] According to Singh and Lacro, it is recommended that those patients diagnosed with aortic root dilatation should receive therapy with adequate doses of either a beta-blocker or ARB, and if severe, a combination of these therapies should be considered. […] For Angiotensin receptor blockers (ARB), favorable effects leading to a reduction in the rate of progressive aortic root dilation in patients with MFS have been reported. Among ARBs, losartan is the most used, as mentioned below. […] Clinical randomized trials show the beneficial effects of losartan in adult MFS patients, highlighting the decreased average rate of aortic root dilation in the losartan group, independent of factors such as age, sex, blood pressure, aortic root size, the presence of an FBN1 mutation, and concurrent use of β-blockers.

• #3 Marfan Syndrome – Harvard Health

  https://www.health.harvard.edu/a_to_z/marfan-syndrome-a-to-z

  You should follow a non-strenuous exercise program that involves non-competitive, non-contact sports (walking, bicycling, jogging), which you can do at your own pace. […] If you have Marfan-related scoliosis of 20 to 40 degrees, you can be treated with a brace and physical therapy. For scoliosis greater than 45 degrees, surgery is often recommended. You should have eye examinations regularly to look for Marfan-related eye problems. If you have ectopia lentis, you may be able to be treated with special lenses called aphakic lenses and special eye drops to widen the pupil, rather than surgery. If eye surgery is necessary, it should be done in an ophthalmology center that specializes in the treatment of Marfan syndrome.

• #3 Marfan’s Syndrome (Causes, Symptoms and Treatment)

  https://patient.info/doctor/marfans-syndrome-pro

  The aim of personalised external aortic root support (PEARS) using mesh in people with Marfan’s syndrome is to reinforce the aortic root and ascending aorta to prevent enlargement and subsequent dissection or rupture. […] Surgery may be indicated for associated orthopaedic problems, including scoliosis.

• #3 Cardiovascular Management of Adults with Marfan Syndrome | ECR Journal

  https://www.ecrjournal.com/articles/cardiovascular-management-adults-marfan-syndrome?language_content_entity=en

  Marfan syndrome (MFS) is a disease in which connective tissue becomes weak secondary to fibrillin-1 mutations, resulting in aortic dilatation, aneurysm formation, aortic dissection, aortic regurgitation and mitral valve prolapse. […] However, due to advances in medical and surgical therapy, life expectancy has improved dramatically and is now comparable to that of the general population. […] We discuss the cardiac manifestations of MFS, the incidence of arrhythmia in this population, the standard of medical care for arrhythmia and valve insufficiency, and a new use of preventive medication to preserve the integrity of the aortic wall in patients with MFS. […] MFS patients require appropriate exercise, isometric and isokinetic exertion at less than maximal effort. However, to avoid severe cardiovascular complications they should avoid contact sports, which may cause chest trauma, and also ocular complications such as ectopia lentis.

• #3 Marfan Syndrome: Enhanced Diagnostic Tools and Follow-up Management Strategies

  https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4418/13/13/2284

  The definition of a dilated ascending aorta is related to a dimension > 4.0 cm, but elective aortic root replacement should be considered in asymptomatic patients with a maximal aortic diameter between 45 and 50 mm, following the American Heart Association (AHA) recommendations. […] The timing of the surgery depends primarily on the size of the aorta, its growth rate and the presence of valve regurgitation. However, the decision about timing and the surgical approach must be carefully shared with the patient. […] Psychological support is provided to patients (young and adults) belonging to the center, coming from all over the national territory, for preliminary evaluation or regular half-yearly and/or annual follow-up. […] The service we recommend should provide: (a) psychological counseling; (b) psychological counseling to patients and couples that are planning a pregnancy; (c) psycho-educational activities of cognitive behavioral imprint; (d) the presence of medical professionals when communicating the diagnosis to the patients; (e) parental counseling interviews; (f) self-help groups.

• #3

  https://www.singhealth.com.sg/patient-care/conditions-treatments/marfan-syndrome

  Regular eye examinations to monitor for myopia and lens dislocations. […] There are also important lifestyle considerations for an individual with Marfan syndrome: […] Ensure a balanced diet, engage in low-intensity exercise and avoid smoking. These measures are also good for general health. […] Avoid heavy weightlifting and contact sports. Discuss with your doctor about recommendations for exercise and activities. […] With proper management of the cardiovascular manifestations, the life expectancy of someone with Marfan syndrome approximates that of the general population. […] For individuals with Marfan syndrome who are pregnant: […] Pregnant women with Marfan syndrome may be at high risk of obstetric and cardiac complications due to increased stress of the aortic wall especially during delivery. Please consult your doctor for preconception care and counselling.

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