Materiały źródłowe

• #1 Viral encephalitis | Better Health Channel

  https://www.betterhealth.vic.gov.au/health/conditionsandtreatments/viral-encephalitis

  Viral encephalitis is an inflammation of the brain caused by a virus. […] The symptoms of viral encephalitis include: high temperature, headache, sensitivity to light (photophobia), general malaise, stiff neck, stiff back, vomiting, changes to personality, confusion, memory loss (amnesia), seizures, paralysis, coma. […] The most serious potential complication from viral encephalitis is permanent brain damage. […] The severity of viral encephalitis depends on the particular virus and how quickly treatment was given. Generally, the acute phase of the illness lasts around one or 2 weeks, and the symptoms either disappear quickly or subside slowly over a period of time. In many cases, the person makes a full recovery. In other cases, the person can be left with varying degrees of brain damage, which may require long-term supportive care and therapy.

• #2 Encephalitis | MedlinePlus

  https://medlineplus.gov/encephalitis.html

  Encephalitis is inflammation (swelling) of the brain. It can happen when an infection or medical condition that affects the brain activates your immune system. The inflammation can cause a wide range of symptoms. In extreme cases, it can lead to brain damage, stroke, or even death. […] The symptoms of encephalitis can vary a lot, depending on how severe it is. Many people do not have any symptoms. Others may have mild flu-like symptoms such as fever, fatigue, headache, or body aches. If encephalitis becomes more serious, it can cause: Severe headache, Stiff neck, Vomiting, Seizures, Behavior changes, Drowsiness, Muscle weakness, Partial paralysis in your arms and legs, Coma. […] Encephalitis can be dangerous in infants. Their symptoms may include: Fever, Lethargy (weakness or drowsiness), Poor feeding, Vomiting, Body stiffness, Unusual irritability or crying, A full or bulging fontanel (the soft spot on the top of the head). […] If you or your child is having symptoms of encephalitis, it’s important to get medical care right away.

• #3 Viral encephalitis Information | Mount Sinai – New York

  https://www.mountsinai.org/health-library/report/viral-encephalitis

  Symptoms of viral encephalitis appear within several days to weeks of exposure to the virus. Some people who are infected do not develop any symptoms at all. However, most develop headache, fever, weakness, nausea, or sleepiness. Those with a severe case of encephalitis may develop: […] Severe symptoms that require immediate medical attention include: High fever, Severe headache, Stiff neck and back, Sensitivity to light (photophobia), Confusion, Drowsiness and difficulty staying awake, Speech, hearing, and vision problems, Muscle weakness, Partial paralysis, Seizures, Sudden dementia, Loss of consciousness, Coma. […] Symptoms of encephalitis usually appear within several days to weeks of exposure to the virus. Some people have no or very mild symptoms. In other cases, symptoms may be severe or life-threatening.

• #4

  https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/encephalitis/

  Encephalitis usually starts off with flu-like symptoms, such as a high temperature and headache. […] More serious symptoms come on over hours, days or weeks, including: confusion or disorientation, seizures or fits, changes in personality and behaviour, difficulty speaking, weakness or loss of movement in some parts of the body, loss of consciousness. […] How long someone with encephalitis needs to stay in hospital can range from a few days to several weeks or even months. […] Some people eventually make a full recovery from encephalitis, although this can be a long and frustrating process. […] Many people never make a full recovery and are left with long-term problems caused by damage to their brain. […] Common complications include: memory loss (amnesia), frequent seizures or fits, personality and behavioural changes, problems with attention, concentration, planning and problem solving, persistent tiredness.

• #5 Encephalitis – Symptoms and causes – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/encephalitis/symptoms-causes/syc-20356136

  Encephalitis may cause many different symptoms including confusion, personality changes, seizures or trouble with movement. Encephalitis also may cause changes in sight or hearing. […] Most people with infectious encephalitis have flu-like symptoms, such as: Headache. Fever. Aches in muscles or joints. Fatigue or weakness. […] Typically, these are followed by more-serious symptoms over a period of hours to days, such as: Stiff neck. Confusion, agitation or hallucinations. Seizures. Loss of feeling or being unable to move certain areas of the face or body. Irregular movements. Muscle weakness. Trouble with speech or hearing. Loss of consciousness, including coma. […] In infants and young children, symptoms also might include: Bulging of the soft spots of an infant’s skull. Nausea and vomiting. Stiffness affecting the whole body. Poor feeding or not waking for a feeding. Irritability.

• #6 Viral encephalitis | Better Health Channel

  https://www.betterhealth.vic.gov.au/health/conditionsandtreatments/viral-encephalitis

  Viral encephalitis is an inflammation of the brain caused by a virus. […] The symptoms of viral encephalitis include: high temperature, headache, sensitivity to light (photophobia), general malaise, stiff neck, stiff back, vomiting, changes to personality, confusion, memory loss (amnesia), seizures, paralysis, coma. […] The most serious potential complication from viral encephalitis is permanent brain damage. […] The severity of viral encephalitis depends on the particular virus and how quickly treatment was given. Generally, the acute phase of the illness lasts around one or 2 weeks, and the symptoms either disappear quickly or subside slowly over a period of time. In many cases, the person makes a full recovery. In other cases, the person can be left with varying degrees of brain damage, which may require long-term supportive care and therapy.

• #7 Encephalitis – Symptoms and causes – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/encephalitis/symptoms-causes/syc-20356136

  Encephalitis may cause many different symptoms including confusion, personality changes, seizures or trouble with movement. Encephalitis also may cause changes in sight or hearing. […] Most people with infectious encephalitis have flu-like symptoms, such as: Headache. Fever. Aches in muscles or joints. Fatigue or weakness. […] Typically, these are followed by more-serious symptoms over a period of hours to days, such as: Stiff neck. Confusion, agitation or hallucinations. Seizures. Loss of feeling or being unable to move certain areas of the face or body. Irregular movements. Muscle weakness. Trouble with speech or hearing. Loss of consciousness, including coma. […] In infants and young children, symptoms also might include: Bulging of the soft spots of an infant’s skull. Nausea and vomiting. Stiffness affecting the whole body. Poor feeding or not waking for a feeding. Irritability.

• #8 Encephalitis – Wikipedia

  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Encephalitis

  Symptoms Headache, fever, confusion, stiff neck, vomiting. […] The severity can be variable with symptoms including reduction or alteration in consciousness, aphasia, headache, fever, confusion, a stiff neck, and vomiting. […] Complications may include seizures, hallucinations, trouble speaking, memory problems, and problems with hearing. […] Adults with encephalitis present with acute onset of fever, headache, confusion, and sometimes seizures. Younger children or infants may present with irritability, poor appetite and fever. […] Neurological examinations usually reveal a drowsy or confused person. Stiff neck, due to the irritation of the meninges covering the brain, indicates that the patient has either meningitis or meningoencephalitis. […] Encephalitis lethargica is identified by high fever, headache, delayed physical response, and lethargy. Individuals can exhibit upper body weakness, muscular pains, and tremors, though the cause of encephalitis lethargica is not currently known.

• #9 Viral encephalitis | Better Health Channel

  https://www.betterhealth.vic.gov.au/health/conditionsandtreatments/viral-encephalitis

  Viral encephalitis is an inflammation of the brain caused by a virus. […] The symptoms of viral encephalitis include: high temperature, headache, sensitivity to light (photophobia), general malaise, stiff neck, stiff back, vomiting, changes to personality, confusion, memory loss (amnesia), seizures, paralysis, coma. […] The most serious potential complication from viral encephalitis is permanent brain damage. […] The severity of viral encephalitis depends on the particular virus and how quickly treatment was given. Generally, the acute phase of the illness lasts around one or 2 weeks, and the symptoms either disappear quickly or subside slowly over a period of time. In many cases, the person makes a full recovery. In other cases, the person can be left with varying degrees of brain damage, which may require long-term supportive care and therapy.

• #10 Encephalitis | National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke

  https://www.ninds.nih.gov/health-information/disorders/encephalitis

  People with encephalitis often show mild flu-like symptoms such as fever, fatigue, headache, or body aches. However, many people do not have any symptoms of encephalitis. In other cases, people may experience: […] Encephalitis can be dangerous in infants. Watch for fever, lethargy (weakness or drowsiness), poor feeding, vomiting, body stiffness, unexplained/unusual irritability or crying, and a full or bulging fontanel (the soft spot on the top of the head). […] Because the disease can occur suddenly and progress rapidly, anyone who is suspected of having encephalitis should immediately contact a doctor or go to the hospital. […] Symptoms include headache and fever for up to five days, followed by personality and behavioral changes, seizures, hallucinations, and altered levels of consciousness.

• #11 Japanese Encephalitis: Symptoms, Diagnosis, and Treatment | Japanese Encephalitis Virus | CDC

  https://www.cdc.gov/japanese-encephalitis/symptoms-diagnosis-treatment/index.html

  In persons who develop symptoms of Japanese encephalitis, the time from infection until illness onset (incubation period) is typically 5-15 days. […] Initial symptoms often include fever, headache, and vomiting. […] Disorientation, weakness, and coma might develop over the next few days. […] Seizures are common, especially among children. […] Most people (more than 99%) infected with Japanese encephalitis virus do not have symptoms or have only mild symptoms. […] Less than 1% of people infected with Japanese encephalitis virus develop neurologic illness. Among patients who develop encephalitis (inflammation of the brain), about 1 in 4 (20-30%) die. […] Although some symptoms improve after the acute illness, 30%-50% of patients who develop encephalitis and survive continue to have movement, thinking, or behavioral symptoms.

• #12 St. Louis Encephalitis: Symptoms, Diagnosis, and Treatment | St. Louis Encephalitis Virus | CDC

  https://www.cdc.gov/sle/symptoms-diagnosis-treatment/index.html

  Most people infected with St. Louis encephalitis virus do not have symptoms. For people with symptoms, the time from infected mosquito bite to feeling sick (incubation period) ranges from 4 to 14 days. The disease is generally milder in children and young adults than in older adults. […] Symptoms usually start abruptly, with fever, headache, dizziness, nausea, and generalized weakness. They typically get worse over a period of several days to a week. Some patients recover after this period. Others develop signs of central nervous system infections, including inflammation of the brain (encephalitis) or the membranes around the brain and spinal cord (meningitis). […] Symptoms can include stiff neck, confusion, disorientation, dizziness, tremors, and unsteadiness. Coma can develop in severe cases. Among patients diagnosed with St. Louis encephalitis, 5 to 20% die. The risk of dying increases with age.

• #13 Encephalitis – Symptoms and causes – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/encephalitis/symptoms-causes/syc-20356136

  Encephalitis may cause many different symptoms including confusion, personality changes, seizures or trouble with movement. Encephalitis also may cause changes in sight or hearing. […] Most people with infectious encephalitis have flu-like symptoms, such as: Headache. Fever. Aches in muscles or joints. Fatigue or weakness. […] Typically, these are followed by more-serious symptoms over a period of hours to days, such as: Stiff neck. Confusion, agitation or hallucinations. Seizures. Loss of feeling or being unable to move certain areas of the face or body. Irregular movements. Muscle weakness. Trouble with speech or hearing. Loss of consciousness, including coma. […] In infants and young children, symptoms also might include: Bulging of the soft spots of an infant’s skull. Nausea and vomiting. Stiffness affecting the whole body. Poor feeding or not waking for a feeding. Irritability.

• #14 Encephalitis in Children | Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia

  https://www.chop.edu/conditions-diseases/encephalitis-children

  Encephalitis is a term used to describe inflammation of the membranes that surround the brain and spinal cord. This condition causes problems with the brain and spinal cord function. The inflammation causes the brain to swell, which leads to changes in the child’s neurological condition, including mental confusion and seizures. […] The following are the most common symptoms of encephalitis. However, each child may experience symptoms differently. Symptoms may include: Fever, Headache (or bulging of the fontanelles, the soft spots on a baby’s head), Sensitivity to light, Neck stiffness, Sleepiness or lethargy, Increased irritability, Seizures, Skin rashes, Difficulty talking and speech changes, Changes in alertness, confusion, or hallucinations, Loss of energy, Loss of appetite, Unsteady gait, Nausea and vomiting.

• #15 Encephalitis | MedlinePlus

  https://medlineplus.gov/encephalitis.html

  Encephalitis is inflammation (swelling) of the brain. It can happen when an infection or medical condition that affects the brain activates your immune system. The inflammation can cause a wide range of symptoms. In extreme cases, it can lead to brain damage, stroke, or even death. […] The symptoms of encephalitis can vary a lot, depending on how severe it is. Many people do not have any symptoms. Others may have mild flu-like symptoms such as fever, fatigue, headache, or body aches. If encephalitis becomes more serious, it can cause: Severe headache, Stiff neck, Vomiting, Seizures, Behavior changes, Drowsiness, Muscle weakness, Partial paralysis in your arms and legs, Coma. […] Encephalitis can be dangerous in infants. Their symptoms may include: Fever, Lethargy (weakness or drowsiness), Poor feeding, Vomiting, Body stiffness, Unusual irritability or crying, A full or bulging fontanel (the soft spot on the top of the head). […] If you or your child is having symptoms of encephalitis, it’s important to get medical care right away.

• #16 Encephalitis: Causes, Risk Factors, and Symptoms

  https://www.healthline.com/health/encephalitis

  Encephalitis is an inflammation of the brain tissue. The symptoms of encephalitis can range from mild to severe. Mild symptoms include: fever, headache, vomiting, stiff neck, lethargy (exhaustion). Severe symptoms include: fever of 103F (39.4C) or higher, confusion, drowsiness, hallucinations, slower movements, coma, seizures, irritability, sensitivity to light, unconsciousness. Infants and young children show different symptoms. Call a doctor immediately if your child is experiencing any of the following: vomiting, bulging fontanel (soft spot in the scalp), constant crying, body stiffness, poor appetite. […] Your outlook will depend on the severity of the inflammation. In mild cases of encephalitis, the inflammation will likely resolve in a few days. For people who have severe cases it may require weeks or months for them to get better. It can sometimes cause permanent brain damage or even death. People with encephalitis may also experience: paralysis, loss of brain function, problems with speech, behavior, memory, and balance.

• #17 Encephalitis | Boston Children’s Hospital

  https://www.childrenshospital.org/conditions/encephalitis

  Encephalitis is inflammation of the brain, which is often caused by an infection or an autoimmune response. This can cause the tissue in the brain or spinal cord to swell, leading to seizures, problems with behavior and memory, and other symptoms. […] The symptoms of encephalitis may depend on the part of the brain that is inflamed, the cause of the inflammation, the degree of inflammation, age, and other factors. Symptoms of encephalitis in children may include: Fever, Headache, Sensitivity to light, Neck stiffness, Skin rashes, Nausea/vomiting, Loss of energy/appetite, Changes in alertness (sleepiness), Confusion or hallucinations, Difficulty talking, Problems walking, Seizures. […] The key to treating encephalitis is early detection and treatment. Most children who are diagnosed with encephalitis are hospitalized for two weeks to a month, and sometimes children with severe cases spend time in the intensive care unit (ICU).

• #18 Encephalitis – Symptoms and causes – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/encephalitis/symptoms-causes/syc-20356136

  Encephalitis may cause many different symptoms including confusion, personality changes, seizures or trouble with movement. Encephalitis also may cause changes in sight or hearing. […] Most people with infectious encephalitis have flu-like symptoms, such as: Headache. Fever. Aches in muscles or joints. Fatigue or weakness. […] Typically, these are followed by more-serious symptoms over a period of hours to days, such as: Stiff neck. Confusion, agitation or hallucinations. Seizures. Loss of feeling or being unable to move certain areas of the face or body. Irregular movements. Muscle weakness. Trouble with speech or hearing. Loss of consciousness, including coma. […] In infants and young children, symptoms also might include: Bulging of the soft spots of an infant’s skull. Nausea and vomiting. Stiffness affecting the whole body. Poor feeding or not waking for a feeding. Irritability.

• #19 Encephalitis: What It Is, Causes, Symptoms, Treatment & Types

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/6058-encephalitis

  Viral encephalitis causes fatigue, fever, and aches, while autoimmune encephalitis triggers severe neurological symptoms. […] Encephalitis symptoms vary depending on the type of encephalitis. Encephalitis from infections typically develop more quickly than autoimmune encephalitis. Early warning signs of infective encephalitis include: Confusion, Drowsiness, Fatigue, Headache, High fever, Loss of consciousness, Mild to moderate neck stiffness, Nausea and vomiting, Seizure. […] Autoimmune encephalitis develops more slowly. It can cause some of the same symptoms as infective encephalitis. But it also causes neurological symptoms like: Memory issues, Noticeable personality changes, like being very angry for no reason, Speech issues, Weakness or loss of movement in some parts of your body. […] Infective and autoimmune encephalitis may be life-threatening. CALL 911 IF YOU HAVE THESE SYMPTOMS OR ARE WITH SOMEONE WHO HAS THESE SYMPTOMS.

• #20 Viral encephalitis Information | Mount Sinai – New York

  https://www.mountsinai.org/health-library/report/viral-encephalitis

  Symptoms of viral encephalitis appear within several days to weeks of exposure to the virus. Some people who are infected do not develop any symptoms at all. However, most develop headache, fever, weakness, nausea, or sleepiness. Those with a severe case of encephalitis may develop: […] Severe symptoms that require immediate medical attention include: High fever, Severe headache, Stiff neck and back, Sensitivity to light (photophobia), Confusion, Drowsiness and difficulty staying awake, Speech, hearing, and vision problems, Muscle weakness, Partial paralysis, Seizures, Sudden dementia, Loss of consciousness, Coma. […] Symptoms of encephalitis usually appear within several days to weeks of exposure to the virus. Some people have no or very mild symptoms. In other cases, symptoms may be severe or life-threatening.

• #21 Encephalitis – Wikipedia

  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Encephalitis

  Symptoms Headache, fever, confusion, stiff neck, vomiting. […] The severity can be variable with symptoms including reduction or alteration in consciousness, aphasia, headache, fever, confusion, a stiff neck, and vomiting. […] Complications may include seizures, hallucinations, trouble speaking, memory problems, and problems with hearing. […] Adults with encephalitis present with acute onset of fever, headache, confusion, and sometimes seizures. Younger children or infants may present with irritability, poor appetite and fever. […] Neurological examinations usually reveal a drowsy or confused person. Stiff neck, due to the irritation of the meninges covering the brain, indicates that the patient has either meningitis or meningoencephalitis. […] Encephalitis lethargica is identified by high fever, headache, delayed physical response, and lethargy. Individuals can exhibit upper body weakness, muscular pains, and tremors, though the cause of encephalitis lethargica is not currently known.

• #22 Encephalitis: Causes, Symptoms, & Treatment

  https://www.webmd.com/a-to-z-guides/understanding-encephalitis-basics

  Your symptoms depend on the type of encephalitis you have. People with infectious encephalitis may have symptoms of an infection before they get encephalitis. […] Signs of encephalitis can include: Fatigue or loss of energy, Fever, especially a high fever, Headache that can be severe, Sensitivity to light and sound, Mild-to-moderate neck stiffness, Drowsiness or loss of consciousness, Irritability, anxiety, and behavioral or personality changes, Hallucinations. […] Signs of severe encephalitis may include: Weakness or trouble moving some parts of your body, Double vision, Confusion, trouble speaking, or difficulty understanding when someone talks to you, Coma, Seizures, A bulging soft spot (fontanel) in infants. […] Your symptoms can last anywhere from a few days to a couple of months. Some people with complications may take another few months to fully recover.

• #23 Encephalitis – Neurologic Disorders – Merck Manual Professional Edition

  https://www.merckmanuals.com/professional/neurologic-disorders/brain-infections/encephalitis

  Symptoms of encephalitis include fever, headache, and altered mental status, often accompanied by seizures and focal neurologic deficits. […] Status epilepticus, particularly convulsive status epilepticus, or coma suggests severe brain inflammation and a poor prognosis. […] Olfactory seizures, manifested as an aura of foul smells (rotten eggs, burnt meat), indicate temporal lobe involvement and suggest HSV encephalitis. […] Recovery from viral encephalitis may take a very long time. Mortality rate varies with cause, but severity of epidemics due to the same virus varies during different years. Permanent neurologic deficits are common among patients who survive severe infection.

• #24 Viral encephalitis Information | Mount Sinai – New York

  https://www.mountsinai.org/health-library/report/viral-encephalitis

  In very severe cases of encephalitis, the swelling of the brain inside the skull places downward pressure on the brain stem. The brain stem controls vital functions, such as respiration and heartbeat. If the pressure becomes too severe, these vital functions can cease, and death can occur. […] Survivors of severe encephalitis often experience neurologic consequences, which can be long-term and even permanent. The degree and type of brain damage can vary from mild-to-severe and from focal (in one part of the brain) to multifocal (several parts of the brain) to diffuse (throughout the brain).

• #25 Encephalitis – Symptoms and causes – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/encephalitis/symptoms-causes/syc-20356136

  One of the major signs of encephalitis in infants is a bulging of the soft spot, also known as the fontanel, of the baby’s skull. […] In autoimmune encephalitis, symptoms may develop more slowly over several weeks. Flu-like symptoms are less common but can sometimes happen weeks before more-serious symptoms start. Symptoms are different for everyone, but it’s common for people to have a combination of symptoms, including: Changes in personality. Memory loss. Trouble understanding what is real and what is not, known as psychosis. Seeing or hearing things that aren’t there, known as hallucinations. Seizures. Changes in vision. Sleep problems. Muscle weakness. Loss of sensation. Trouble walking. Irregular movements. Bladder and bowel symptoms. […] Get medical care right away if you experience any of the more-serious symptoms associated with encephalitis. A bad headache, fever and change in consciousness require urgent care. […] Infants and young children with any symptoms of encephalitis also need urgent care.

• #26 Autoimmune Encephalitis | OHSU

  https://www.ohsu.edu/brain-institute/autoimmune-encephalitis

  Symptoms of autoimmune encephalitis may come on over a period of days or weeks. They can also vary depending on the type of autoimmune encephalitis. […] The early phase of the disease may include flu-like symptoms, such as headache, fever, nausea and muscle pain. Psychiatric symptoms may appear, disappear and reappear. Later symptoms may be more severe, such as a lower level of consciousness and possible coma. […] Common symptoms include: impaired memory and understanding, unusual and involuntary movements, involuntary movements of the face (facial dyskinesia), difficulty with balance, speech or vision, insomnia, weakness or numbness, seizures, severe anxiety or panic attacks, compulsive behaviors, altered sexual behaviors, behavior changes such as agitation, fear or euphoria, loss of inhibition, hallucinations, paranoid thoughts, loss of consciousness or coma. […] Left untreated, autoimmune encephalitis can quickly become serious. It may lead to coma or permanent brain injury. In rare cases, it can be fatal.

• #27 Symptoms & Phases | Diagnosis & Treatment of Autoimmune Encephalitis

  https://autoimmune-encephalitis.org/symptoms-phases/

  Psychiatric Symptoms may fluctuate rapidly coming on and receding in severity and length of time. […] There is a progressive decrease in the level of consciousness which can progress to coma. […] Symptoms associated with AE can include: Memory disturbance, weakness or numbness of part of the body, loss of balance, slowed or blurred speech or loss of ability to speak, ataxia, autoimmune pain, involuntary movements, distorted vision, cognitive impairment, decreased level of consciousness – to the point of unresponsiveness, catatonia or coma, seizures – (either self-evident, or smaller seizures that show up on an EEG reading), behavior change, (aggression, panic attacks, compulsive behaviors, euphoria or fear), partial or complete loss of appetite for long periods, food and drink tasting inedible or triggering nausea, excessive eating without feeling sated, agitation, inability to sleep, loss of inhibition, inappropriate sexual behaviors, rapid, pressured, or involuntary speech, psychosis, hallucinations (visual or auditory) and delirium, paranoid thoughts, severe anxiety, depression.

• #28 Autoimmune Encephalitis Symptoms | AE Alliance

  https://aealliance.org/patient-support/symptoms/

  Problems with memory and the process of thinking (also known as cognition) […] Abnormal movements […] Seizures […] Problems with balance or coordination (or ataxia) […] Having trouble speaking […] Changes in vision […] Loss of consciousness or coma […] Hallucinations, delusions, or paranoia (or psychosis) […] Aggressive behavior […] Inappropriate sexual behaviors […] Anxiety or panic attacks […] Compulsive behaviors […] Agitation, fear […] Difficulty sleeping […] One of the hallmarks of AE is a rapid development of symptoms and progression over time for most causes of AE. However, other neurological and psychiatric conditions may present with a sudden onset of symptoms or quickly worsening symptoms. […] Epilepsy syndromes, especially in children, can present with new seizures with no trigger. Neurodegenerative and metabolic conditions in adults and children can also present with complex symptoms.

• #29 Encephalitis – Symptoms and causes – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/encephalitis/symptoms-causes/syc-20356136

  One of the major signs of encephalitis in infants is a bulging of the soft spot, also known as the fontanel, of the baby’s skull. […] In autoimmune encephalitis, symptoms may develop more slowly over several weeks. Flu-like symptoms are less common but can sometimes happen weeks before more-serious symptoms start. Symptoms are different for everyone, but it’s common for people to have a combination of symptoms, including: Changes in personality. Memory loss. Trouble understanding what is real and what is not, known as psychosis. Seeing or hearing things that aren’t there, known as hallucinations. Seizures. Changes in vision. Sleep problems. Muscle weakness. Loss of sensation. Trouble walking. Irregular movements. Bladder and bowel symptoms. […] Get medical care right away if you experience any of the more-serious symptoms associated with encephalitis. A bad headache, fever and change in consciousness require urgent care. […] Infants and young children with any symptoms of encephalitis also need urgent care.

• #30 Encephalitis: What It Is, Causes, Symptoms, Treatment & Types

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/6058-encephalitis

  Viral encephalitis causes fatigue, fever, and aches, while autoimmune encephalitis triggers severe neurological symptoms. […] Encephalitis symptoms vary depending on the type of encephalitis. Encephalitis from infections typically develop more quickly than autoimmune encephalitis. Early warning signs of infective encephalitis include: Confusion, Drowsiness, Fatigue, Headache, High fever, Loss of consciousness, Mild to moderate neck stiffness, Nausea and vomiting, Seizure. […] Autoimmune encephalitis develops more slowly. It can cause some of the same symptoms as infective encephalitis. But it also causes neurological symptoms like: Memory issues, Noticeable personality changes, like being very angry for no reason, Speech issues, Weakness or loss of movement in some parts of your body. […] Infective and autoimmune encephalitis may be life-threatening. CALL 911 IF YOU HAVE THESE SYMPTOMS OR ARE WITH SOMEONE WHO HAS THESE SYMPTOMS.

• #31 Autoimmune Encephalitis | OHSU

  https://www.ohsu.edu/brain-institute/autoimmune-encephalitis

  Symptoms of autoimmune encephalitis may come on over a period of days or weeks. They can also vary depending on the type of autoimmune encephalitis. […] The early phase of the disease may include flu-like symptoms, such as headache, fever, nausea and muscle pain. Psychiatric symptoms may appear, disappear and reappear. Later symptoms may be more severe, such as a lower level of consciousness and possible coma. […] Common symptoms include: impaired memory and understanding, unusual and involuntary movements, involuntary movements of the face (facial dyskinesia), difficulty with balance, speech or vision, insomnia, weakness or numbness, seizures, severe anxiety or panic attacks, compulsive behaviors, altered sexual behaviors, behavior changes such as agitation, fear or euphoria, loss of inhibition, hallucinations, paranoid thoughts, loss of consciousness or coma. […] Left untreated, autoimmune encephalitis can quickly become serious. It may lead to coma or permanent brain injury. In rare cases, it can be fatal.

• #32 Symptoms & Phases | Diagnosis & Treatment of Autoimmune Encephalitis

  https://autoimmune-encephalitis.org/symptoms-phases/

  Autoimmune encephalitis (AE) can produce an extensive range of neuropsychiatric symptoms. A major challenge in diagnosis is that different symptoms may appear at different times and different levels of intensity, so the disease may mimic many other disorders. […] The signs and symptoms of most antibody-mediated neurologic diseases start suddenly and progress rapidly over several weeks or months. […] In Autoimmune Encephalitis, the prodromal symptoms, if they occur, are flu-like symptoms which include: headache, fever, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, or upper respiratory tract symptoms. […] Frequently the dominant feature that is seen in children following this first phase is seizure activity. […] The disease progresses in a period of days or weeks to include reduction of speech, memory deficit, orofacial and limb dyskinesias, seizures, decreased level of consciousness, and autonomic instability manifested as excess salivation, hyperthermia, fluctuations in blood pressure, tachycardia, or central hyperventilation.

• #33 Diagnosis and Management of Autoimmune Encephalitis | Cleveland Clinic

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/departments/neurological/depts/multiple-sclerosis/ms-approaches/diagnosis-and-management-of-autoimmune-encephalitis

  Patients with AE can present with a host of different symptoms. […] A diagnosis of AE should be considered in patients presenting with progressive neurocognitive symptoms evolving over the course of weeks to months. Typical features include cognitive dysfunction (poor short-term memory, attention deficits), and seizures which are often refractory to antiseizure medication. […] Additional features include dysautonomia (labile blood pressure, tachycardia), extrapyramidal manifestations (cerebellar ataxia, dyskinesias, dystonia, choreiform movements), sleep disorders (insomnia, hypersomnolence, sleep-disordered breathing and narcolepsy) and neuropsychiatric symptoms (mania, psychosis, agitation, catatonia – predominantly seen in anti-NMDA-R encephalitis). […] Broadly speaking, AE associated with intracellular antigens portends a poor outcome and are less responsive to immune therapies. Conversely, patients with NAA targeting cell surface or synaptic antigens have a better response to immune therapy and if treated in a timely fashion show good long-term functional outcomes. […] There are several important clinical long-term sequelae arising from AE which impact quality of life. Neurocognitive symptoms (e.g. impaired concentration, memory problems, processing speed), mood disorders, sleeping difficulties, seizures, and fatigue are commonly seen.

• #34 Pediatric anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis- Children’s Health Neurology

  https://www.childrens.com/specialties-services/conditions/anti-nmda-receptor-antibody-mediated-encephalitis

  This misdirected immune response causes inflammation and swelling in the brain (encephalitis). The NMDA receptors help neurons communicate. An immune response directed at these receptors can affect thinking, memory, mood, consciousness and breathing. These symptoms can be very serious and get worse over time. […] Symptoms can depend on factors such as a childs age and which parts of the nervous system are affected. At first, a child may experience milder symptoms, including a fever and subtle changes to mood or thinking. Later, they may develop more severe symptoms such as seizures and lethargy and need to be hospitalized. […] Your child may experience: Flu-like symptoms, Seizures, Changes in thinking (cognition), speech and memory, including confusion and short-term memory loss, Behavior changes, including irritability, aggression and sleep disorders, Movement disorders, including rhythmic movements of arms and legs and unusual motions of the mouth and face, Psychiatric symptoms, including hallucinations and psychosis.

• #35 Autoimmune Encephalitis Symptoms | AE Alliance

  https://aealliance.org/patient-support/symptoms/

  The early stages of autoimmune encephalitis (AE) vary from person to person. Some people rapidly develop new or changing symptoms. For example, a person with AE may start experiencing hallucinations and then develop seizures or problems with their memory. Symptoms may sometimes fluctuate (or alternate between improving and worsening) early in the disease process. During this stage, people with AE are often diagnosed with a more common diagnosis that would cause their symptom(s). For instance, a person with new seizures may be diagnosed with epilepsy and a person who has uncontrolled movements may be diagnosed with a tic disorder or Tourette syndrome. […] Many people require numerous visits with different health care providers as symptoms worsen or new symptoms develop before AE is considered and a work-up initiated. While this is frustrating, due to the nature of AE and the overlap in symptoms with many more common conditions, it is often not until a person has developed several symptoms of AE that this rare condition is considered as a possible cause of these changes. Many people in the early stages of the disease will need to stay overnight in hospital for tests and to be treated for severe symptoms.

• #36 Autoimmune Encephalitis | OHSU

  https://www.ohsu.edu/brain-institute/autoimmune-encephalitis

  Symptoms of autoimmune encephalitis may come on over a period of days or weeks. They can also vary depending on the type of autoimmune encephalitis. […] The early phase of the disease may include flu-like symptoms, such as headache, fever, nausea and muscle pain. Psychiatric symptoms may appear, disappear and reappear. Later symptoms may be more severe, such as a lower level of consciousness and possible coma. […] Common symptoms include: impaired memory and understanding, unusual and involuntary movements, involuntary movements of the face (facial dyskinesia), difficulty with balance, speech or vision, insomnia, weakness or numbness, seizures, severe anxiety or panic attacks, compulsive behaviors, altered sexual behaviors, behavior changes such as agitation, fear or euphoria, loss of inhibition, hallucinations, paranoid thoughts, loss of consciousness or coma. […] Left untreated, autoimmune encephalitis can quickly become serious. It may lead to coma or permanent brain injury. In rare cases, it can be fatal.

• #37 Symptoms & Phases | Diagnosis & Treatment of Autoimmune Encephalitis

  https://autoimmune-encephalitis.org/symptoms-phases/

  Autoimmune encephalitis (AE) can produce an extensive range of neuropsychiatric symptoms. A major challenge in diagnosis is that different symptoms may appear at different times and different levels of intensity, so the disease may mimic many other disorders. […] The signs and symptoms of most antibody-mediated neurologic diseases start suddenly and progress rapidly over several weeks or months. […] In Autoimmune Encephalitis, the prodromal symptoms, if they occur, are flu-like symptoms which include: headache, fever, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, or upper respiratory tract symptoms. […] Frequently the dominant feature that is seen in children following this first phase is seizure activity. […] The disease progresses in a period of days or weeks to include reduction of speech, memory deficit, orofacial and limb dyskinesias, seizures, decreased level of consciousness, and autonomic instability manifested as excess salivation, hyperthermia, fluctuations in blood pressure, tachycardia, or central hyperventilation.

• #38 Symptoms & Phases | Diagnosis & Treatment of Autoimmune Encephalitis

  https://autoimmune-encephalitis.org/symptoms-phases/

  The second phase is characterized by neurologic and psychiatric symptoms. […] During phase 3, patients often present with abnormal or fluctuating blood pressure (hemodynamic instability) and hypoventilation/hypoxia. […] When the disease progresses to this stage, almost half of these patients will require prolonged ICU stays and mechanical ventilation.

• #39 Encephalitis: Practice Essentials, Background, Pathophysiology

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/791896-overview

  Encephalitis presents as diffuse or focal neuropsychological dysfunction. […] The viral prodrome typically consists of fever, headache, nausea and vomiting, lethargy, and myalgias. […] The classic presentation is encephalopathy with diffuse or focal neurologic symptoms, including the following: Behavioral and personality changes, with decreased level of consciousness. […] The signs of encephalitis may be diffuse or focal. Typical findings include the following: Altered mental status. […] Encephalitis may be associated with a number of complications, including the following: Seizures. […] The prognosis is dependent on the virulence of the virus and the patients health status. […] Untreated herpes simplex encephalitis (HSE) has a mortality of 50-75%, and virtually all untreated or late-treatment survivors have long-term motor and mental disabilities.

• #40 Encephalitis Clinical Presentation: History, Physical Examination, Complications

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/791896-clinical

  The clinical presentation and course can be markedly variable. The acuity and severity of the presentation correlate with the prognosis. A history of mosquito or tick bites or exposure to mouse/rat droppings should be sought. Recognizing certain mammalian animal bite(s) associated with rabies or exposure to a bat in an enclosed space for which antirabies treatment was not obtained is very important. […] The viral prodrome is typically several days and consists of fever, headache, nausea and vomiting, lethargy, and myalgias. The specific prodrome in encephalitis caused by varicella-zoster virus (VZV), Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), cytomegalovirus (CMV), measles virus, or mumps virus includes rash, lymphadenopathy, hepatosplenomegaly, and parotid enlargement. Dysuria and pyuria are reported with St Louis encephalitis. Extreme lethargy has been noted with West Nile encephalitis (WNE).

• #41 Encephalitis Clinical Presentation: History, Physical Examination, Complications

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/791896-clinical

  The clinical presentation and course can be markedly variable. The acuity and severity of the presentation correlate with the prognosis. A history of mosquito or tick bites or exposure to mouse/rat droppings should be sought. Recognizing certain mammalian animal bite(s) associated with rabies or exposure to a bat in an enclosed space for which antirabies treatment was not obtained is very important. […] The viral prodrome is typically several days and consists of fever, headache, nausea and vomiting, lethargy, and myalgias. The specific prodrome in encephalitis caused by varicella-zoster virus (VZV), Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), cytomegalovirus (CMV), measles virus, or mumps virus includes rash, lymphadenopathy, hepatosplenomegaly, and parotid enlargement. Dysuria and pyuria are reported with St Louis encephalitis. Extreme lethargy has been noted with West Nile encephalitis (WNE).

• #42 Symptoms & Phases | Diagnosis & Treatment of Autoimmune Encephalitis

  https://autoimmune-encephalitis.org/symptoms-phases/

  Autoimmune encephalitis (AE) can produce an extensive range of neuropsychiatric symptoms. A major challenge in diagnosis is that different symptoms may appear at different times and different levels of intensity, so the disease may mimic many other disorders. […] The signs and symptoms of most antibody-mediated neurologic diseases start suddenly and progress rapidly over several weeks or months. […] In Autoimmune Encephalitis, the prodromal symptoms, if they occur, are flu-like symptoms which include: headache, fever, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, or upper respiratory tract symptoms. […] Frequently the dominant feature that is seen in children following this first phase is seizure activity. […] The disease progresses in a period of days or weeks to include reduction of speech, memory deficit, orofacial and limb dyskinesias, seizures, decreased level of consciousness, and autonomic instability manifested as excess salivation, hyperthermia, fluctuations in blood pressure, tachycardia, or central hyperventilation.

• #43 Meningitis and Encephalitis

  https://www.brainfacts.org/diseases-and-disorders/neurological-disorders-az/diseases-a-to-z-from-ninds/meningitis-and-encephalitis

  Symptoms of encephalitis include sudden fever, headache, vomiting, heightened sensitivity to light, stiff neck and back, confusion and impaired judgment, drowsiness, weak muscles, a clumsy and unsteady gait, and irritability. […] Symptoms that might require emergency treatment include loss of consciousness, seizures, muscle weakness, or sudden severe dementia. […] The acute phase of encephalitis may last for 1 to 2 weeks, with gradual or sudden resolution of fever and neurological symptoms. Neurological symptoms may require many months before full recovery. […] However, in some cases, the disease progresses so rapidly that death occurs during the first 48 hours, despite early treatment.

• #44 Encephalitis: Practice Essentials, Background, Pathophysiology

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/791896-overview

  Encephalitis presents as diffuse or focal neuropsychological dysfunction. […] The viral prodrome typically consists of fever, headache, nausea and vomiting, lethargy, and myalgias. […] The classic presentation is encephalopathy with diffuse or focal neurologic symptoms, including the following: Behavioral and personality changes, with decreased level of consciousness. […] The signs of encephalitis may be diffuse or focal. Typical findings include the following: Altered mental status. […] Encephalitis may be associated with a number of complications, including the following: Seizures. […] The prognosis is dependent on the virulence of the virus and the patients health status. […] Untreated herpes simplex encephalitis (HSE) has a mortality of 50-75%, and virtually all untreated or late-treatment survivors have long-term motor and mental disabilities.

• #45 Meningitis and Encephalitis

  https://www.brainfacts.org/diseases-and-disorders/neurological-disorders-az/diseases-a-to-z-from-ninds/meningitis-and-encephalitis

  Symptoms of encephalitis include sudden fever, headache, vomiting, heightened sensitivity to light, stiff neck and back, confusion and impaired judgment, drowsiness, weak muscles, a clumsy and unsteady gait, and irritability. […] Symptoms that might require emergency treatment include loss of consciousness, seizures, muscle weakness, or sudden severe dementia. […] The acute phase of encephalitis may last for 1 to 2 weeks, with gradual or sudden resolution of fever and neurological symptoms. Neurological symptoms may require many months before full recovery. […] However, in some cases, the disease progresses so rapidly that death occurs during the first 48 hours, despite early treatment.

• #46 Encephalitis: What It Is, Causes, Symptoms, Treatment & Types

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/6058-encephalitis

  You may have encephalitis symptoms for a few days up to two or three months. It can take an additional two or three months to completely recover from the condition. […] Medication to treat underlying conditions, like viruses, may cure encephalitis. In some cases, however, encephalitis may cause long-term issues that require ongoing medical care. For example, people may have ongoing issues with behavior, memory loss or speech. […] Encephalitis is a serious disease that can have long-term consequences. It can take months or years for you to fully recover from the condition.

• #47

  https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/encephalitis/

  Encephalitis usually starts off with flu-like symptoms, such as a high temperature and headache. […] More serious symptoms come on over hours, days or weeks, including: confusion or disorientation, seizures or fits, changes in personality and behaviour, difficulty speaking, weakness or loss of movement in some parts of the body, loss of consciousness. […] How long someone with encephalitis needs to stay in hospital can range from a few days to several weeks or even months. […] Some people eventually make a full recovery from encephalitis, although this can be a long and frustrating process. […] Many people never make a full recovery and are left with long-term problems caused by damage to their brain. […] Common complications include: memory loss (amnesia), frequent seizures or fits, personality and behavioural changes, problems with attention, concentration, planning and problem solving, persistent tiredness.

• #48 Encephalitis (for Teens) | Nemours KidsHealth

  https://kidshealth.org/en/teens/encephalitis.html

  Encephalitis is an inflammation (swelling and irritation) of the brain. In most cases, a virus causes this inflammation. […] Symptoms in mild cases of encephalitis usually include: fever, headache, poor appetite, loss of energy, a general sick feeling. Serious cases of encephalitis can cause: a high fever, severe headache, nausea and vomiting, stiff neck, confusion, personality changes, convulsions (seizures), problems with speech or hearing, hallucinations, memory loss, drowsiness, coma. […] Because encephalitis can happen during or after common viral illnesses, symptoms of these illnesses can start before encephalitis happens. But often, it appears without warning. […] Most of the time, the acute phase of the illness (when symptoms are the most severe) lasts up to a week. Full recovery can take longer, often several weeks or months. […] Many people with encephalitis make a full recovery. In some cases, brain swelling can cause lasting problems like learning disabilities, speech problems, hearing loss, memory loss, or lack of muscle control. Speech therapy, physical therapy, or occupational therapy can help in these cases.

• #49

  https://111.wales.nhs.uk/encephalitis/

  Encephalitis needs to be treated urgently. Treatment involves tackling the underlying cause, relieving symptoms and supporting bodily functions. […] How long someone with encephalitis needs to stay in hospital can range from a few days to several weeks or even months. […] The chances of successful treatment are much better if encephalitis is diagnosed and treated quickly. […] Encephalitis can damage the brain and cause long-term problems including: memory problems, personality and behavioural changes, speech and language problems, swallowing problems, repeated seizures (fits) known as epilepsy, emotional and psychological problems, such as anxiety, depression and mood swings, problems with attention, concentrating, planning and problem solving, problems with balance, co-ordination and movement, persistent tiredness. […] Recovering from encephalitis can be a long, slow and difficult process. Many people will never make a full recovery.

• #50

  https://www.healthxchange.sg/children/childhood-conditions/encephalitis-children-symptoms-complications-treatment

  Occasionally, some children with severe illness may show an initial improvement only to have a worsening of symptoms in the second week. […] In children severely ill with encephalitis, a second tier of investigations is performed to evaluate the immune system and look for rare and unusual infections. […] Treatments to control the misdirected immune system high dose steroids, immunoglobulins, plasma exchange or cyclophosphamide need to be administered early, as late treatment may result in brain injury. […] Children with complicated encephalitis often need long-term immunotherapy and neuro-rehabilitation. […] Fever with any of the following symptoms: Excessive drowsiness and sleepiness, out of proportion to the fever […] Marked change in behaviour and personality […] Neck pain or stiffness, Seizures, focal neurological deficits.

• #51 Encephalitis: Causes, Symptoms, & Treatment

  https://www.webmd.com/a-to-z-guides/understanding-encephalitis-basics

  However, with treatment, most people recover from encephalitis. Your outlook depends on a few things, such as: What caused your encephalitis. Some causes, such as an HSV infection, may cause fewer issues, so people with encephalitis caused by HSV may have an easier recovery than other people. Your level of inflammation. High levels of brain inflammation can cause more long-term issues that complicate your recovery. Your age. Adults may have a harder time recovering from encephalitis. Your overall health. If you have preexisting health issues or a weakened immune system, it can make your recovery more difficult. How long it took you to be diagnosed. The longer it takes you to get treatment, the higher your chance of having a difficult recovery and lasting complications.

• #52 Encephalitis: Causes, Risk Factors, and Symptoms

  https://www.healthline.com/health/encephalitis

  Complications resulting from encephalitis can include: loss of memory, behavioral/personality changes, epilepsy, fatigue, physical weakness, intellectual disability, lack of muscle coordination, vision problems, hearing problems, speaking issues, coma, difficulty breathing, death. Complications are more likely to develop in certain groups, such as: older adults, people who have had coma-like symptoms, people who didn’t get treatment right away. […] Encephalitis can lead to seizures and coma in later stages. That’s why the EEG is important in determining the areas of the brain that are affected and the types of brain waves that occur in each area.

• #53 Encephalitis: Practice Essentials, Background, Pathophysiology

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/791896-overview

  The mortality in treated HSE averages 20%, and the neurologic outcome correlates with the neurological disability present at the time of the first dose of acyclovir or comparable antiviral agents. […] Outcomes in arboviral Japanese encephalitis (JE) and eastern equine encephalitis (EEE) are catastrophic, similar to untreated HSE, with high mortality and severe morbidity, including intellectual disability, hemiplegia, and seizures. […] Long-term sequelae with St Louis encephalitis include behavioral disorders, memory loss, and seizures.

• #54

  https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/encephalitis/complications/

  Encephalitis is a serious condition and, although some people will make a good recovery, it can cause persistent problems and can be fatal. […] For example, encephalitis due to the herpes simplex virus (the most common type of encephalitis) is fatal in 1 in 5 cases even if treated, and causes persistent problems in around half the people who have it. […] Encephalitis can damage the brain and cause long-term problems including: memory loss (amnesia), personality and behavioural changes, speech and language problems (aphasia), swallowing problems (dysphagia), repeated seizures or fits known as epilepsy, emotional and psychological problems, such as anxiety, clinical depression and mood swings, problems with attention, concentrating, planning and problem solving, problems with balance, co-ordination and movement, persistent tiredness. […] Recovering from encephalitis can be a long, slow and difficult process. Many people will never make a full recovery.

• #55 Encephalitis – Wikipedia

  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Encephalitis

  In 30%-40% of encephalitis cases, the etiology remains unknown. […] Viral infections are the usual cause of infectious encephalitis. […] The majority of viral cases of encephalitis have an unknown cause; however, the most common identifiable cause of viral encephalitis is from herpes simplex infection. […] People should only be diagnosed with encephalitis if they have a decreased or altered level of consciousness, lethargy, or personality change for at least twenty-four hours without any other explainable cause. […] Identification of poor prognostic factors include cerebral edema, status epilepticus, and thrombocytopenia. In contrast, a normal encephalogram at the early stages of diagnosis is associated with high rates of survival.

• #56

  https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/encephalitis/complications/

  Encephalitis is a serious condition and, although some people will make a good recovery, it can cause persistent problems and can be fatal. […] For example, encephalitis due to the herpes simplex virus (the most common type of encephalitis) is fatal in 1 in 5 cases even if treated, and causes persistent problems in around half the people who have it. […] Encephalitis can damage the brain and cause long-term problems including: memory loss (amnesia), personality and behavioural changes, speech and language problems (aphasia), swallowing problems (dysphagia), repeated seizures or fits known as epilepsy, emotional and psychological problems, such as anxiety, clinical depression and mood swings, problems with attention, concentrating, planning and problem solving, problems with balance, co-ordination and movement, persistent tiredness. […] Recovering from encephalitis can be a long, slow and difficult process. Many people will never make a full recovery.

• #57 Viral encephalitis Information | Mount Sinai – New York

  https://www.mountsinai.org/health-library/report/viral-encephalitis

  In very severe cases of encephalitis, the swelling of the brain inside the skull places downward pressure on the brain stem. The brain stem controls vital functions, such as respiration and heartbeat. If the pressure becomes too severe, these vital functions can cease, and death can occur. […] Survivors of severe encephalitis often experience neurologic consequences, which can be long-term and even permanent. The degree and type of brain damage can vary from mild-to-severe and from focal (in one part of the brain) to multifocal (several parts of the brain) to diffuse (throughout the brain).

• #58

  https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/encephalitis/

  Encephalitis usually starts off with flu-like symptoms, such as a high temperature and headache. […] More serious symptoms come on over hours, days or weeks, including: confusion or disorientation, seizures or fits, changes in personality and behaviour, difficulty speaking, weakness or loss of movement in some parts of the body, loss of consciousness. […] How long someone with encephalitis needs to stay in hospital can range from a few days to several weeks or even months. […] Some people eventually make a full recovery from encephalitis, although this can be a long and frustrating process. […] Many people never make a full recovery and are left with long-term problems caused by damage to their brain. […] Common complications include: memory loss (amnesia), frequent seizures or fits, personality and behavioural changes, problems with attention, concentration, planning and problem solving, persistent tiredness.

• #59

  https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/encephalitis/complications/

  Encephalitis is a serious condition and, although some people will make a good recovery, it can cause persistent problems and can be fatal. […] For example, encephalitis due to the herpes simplex virus (the most common type of encephalitis) is fatal in 1 in 5 cases even if treated, and causes persistent problems in around half the people who have it. […] Encephalitis can damage the brain and cause long-term problems including: memory loss (amnesia), personality and behavioural changes, speech and language problems (aphasia), swallowing problems (dysphagia), repeated seizures or fits known as epilepsy, emotional and psychological problems, such as anxiety, clinical depression and mood swings, problems with attention, concentrating, planning and problem solving, problems with balance, co-ordination and movement, persistent tiredness. […] Recovering from encephalitis can be a long, slow and difficult process. Many people will never make a full recovery.

• #60

  https://111.wales.nhs.uk/encyclopaedia/e/article/encephalitis/

  The chances of successful treatment are much better if encephalitis is diagnosed and treated quickly. […] Encephalitis can damage the brain and cause long-term problems including: memory problems, personality and behavioural changes, speech and language problems, swallowing problems, repeated seizures (fits) known as epilepsy, emotional and psychological problems, such as anxiety, depression and mood swings, problems with attention, concentrating, planning and problem solving, problems with balance, co-ordination and movement, persistent tiredness. […] Recovering from encephalitis can be a long, slow and difficult process. Many people will never make a full recovery.

• #61 Autoimmune Encephalitis (AIE) in Children

  https://www.seattlechildrens.org/healthcare-professionals/provider-news/autoimmune-encephalitis/

  Patients may be on immunotherapy for weeks or years afterwards. AIE can be refractory, and a portion of patients will relapse. […] Patients may need ongoing care for their inflammatory disease itself but may also experience sequelae from their disease. They can have motor impairments, epilepsy or cognitive symptoms even after treatment.

• #62 Encephalitis: Cause of Inflammation, Effects, Treatment

  https://www.verywellhealth.com/encephalitis-8401276

  In addition to the neurological effects of encephalitis, edema can cause severe dysregulation of breathing, heart function, blood pressure, and kidney function due to disruption of the regions of the brain that regulate control of these functions. […] Long-term effects of encephalitis may include a decline in physical or cognitive abilities, vision changes, epilepsy, or hydrocephalus (excess fluid in the brain). After recovery from the acute phase of encephalitis, you would be monitored for these long-term effects. […] Complications of encephalitis: Learning challenges: Children may encounter difficulties with learning and behavior after experiencing encephalitis at a young age. […] Cognitive decline: Thinking difficulties and memory changes can develop due to encephalitis. Your healthcare team can’t determine whether these changes are permanent until several months after you recover from encephalitis.

• #63

  https://111.wales.nhs.uk/encyclopaedia/e/article/encephalitis/

  The chances of successful treatment are much better if encephalitis is diagnosed and treated quickly. […] Encephalitis can damage the brain and cause long-term problems including: memory problems, personality and behavioural changes, speech and language problems, swallowing problems, repeated seizures (fits) known as epilepsy, emotional and psychological problems, such as anxiety, depression and mood swings, problems with attention, concentrating, planning and problem solving, problems with balance, co-ordination and movement, persistent tiredness. […] Recovering from encephalitis can be a long, slow and difficult process. Many people will never make a full recovery.

• #64 Encephalitis

  https://www.physio.co.uk/what-we-treat/neurological/conditions/encephalitis.php

  Encephalitis usually begins with flu-like symptoms, such as fever and headache. The symptoms can then rapidly progress within hours and a person may experience confusion, seizures (fits) and loss of consciousness. […] Initial symptoms of encephalitis can vary from mild to severe cases. Symptoms may include: Fever, Headache, Nausea and vomiting, Fatigue, Confusion, Seizures (fits), Problems with speech or hearing, Memory loss. […] Long term complications of encephalitis as a result of brain damage may include: Physical symptoms, Muscle weakness of one or both sides of the body, Reduced sensation, Increased muscle tone (spasticity) and/or decreased muscle tone (flaccidity), Poor balance in sitting and standing, Difficulty controlling movement of the arms and legs for everyday actions, Reduced mobility, Decreased exercise tolerance. […] Non physical symptoms, Memory loss, Personality changes, Epilepsy, Problems with speech and language.

• #65 Encephalitis: Symptoms, causes, risks, treatment, diagnosis

  https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/168997

  Encephalitis typically begins with a fever and headache. The symptoms rapidly worsen, and there may be seizures, confusion, drowsiness, loss of consciousness, and even coma. […] In more serious cases, a person may experience: severe headache, nausea and vomiting, confusion, memory loss, speech and hearing problems, hallucinations, seizures, coma. […] Most people with mild cases of encephalitis can make a full recovery. However, encephalitis can be life threatening and very serious. A 2020 study of all-cause encephalitis found that almost 10% of people died during hospitalization. […] Most people with mild cases of encephalitis recover without complications. However, some people have difficulties concentrating, experience changes in their behavior or speech, and may experience memory loss. The most common long-term complication is seizures, which occur in 10-20% of people over several decades.

• #66 Encephalitis: MedlinePlus Medical EncyclopediaLock

  https://medlineplus.gov/ency/article/001415.htm

  Emergency symptoms: Loss of consciousness, poor responsiveness, stupor, coma, muscle weakness or paralysis, seizures, severe headache, sudden change in mental functions, such as flat mood, impaired judgment, memory loss, or a lack of interest in daily activities. […] The acute phase normally lasts for 1 to 2 weeks. Fever and symptoms gradually or suddenly disappear. Some people may take several months to fully recover. […] Permanent brain damage may occur in severe cases of encephalitis. It can affect: Hearing, memory, muscle control, sensation, speech, vision.

• #67 Viral Encephalitis – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK470162/

  Some children may develop seizures and changes in behavior following infection with WEE. Following EEE, children may develop seizures, severe mental retardation and various forms of paralysis. Zike virus infection in pregnancy may be associated with microcephaly. The most common long term complication after viral encephalitis is seizures that may occur in 10-20% of patients over several decades. These seizures often are resistant to medical therapy. Unilateral mesial temporal lobe seizures have good outcomes following neurosurgery.

• #68 Encephalitis: Practice Essentials, Background, Pathophysiology

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/791896-overview

  The mortality in treated HSE averages 20%, and the neurologic outcome correlates with the neurological disability present at the time of the first dose of acyclovir or comparable antiviral agents. […] Outcomes in arboviral Japanese encephalitis (JE) and eastern equine encephalitis (EEE) are catastrophic, similar to untreated HSE, with high mortality and severe morbidity, including intellectual disability, hemiplegia, and seizures. […] Long-term sequelae with St Louis encephalitis include behavioral disorders, memory loss, and seizures.

• #69

  https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/japanese-encephalitis

  Most JEV infections are mild (fever and headache) or without apparent symptoms, but approximately 1 in 250 infections results in severe clinical illness. […] Severe disease is characterized by rapid onset of high fever, headache, neck stiffness, disorientation, coma, seizures, spastic paralysis and ultimately death. The case fatality rate can be as high as 30% among those with disease symptoms. Of those who survive, 20-30% suffer permanent cognitive, behavioural or neurological sequelae such as seizures, hearing or vision loss, speech, language, memory, and communication problems or weakness of the limbs. […] Encephalitis is a medical emergency and requires urgent medical attention. There is no antiviral treatment for patients with JE. Treatment is supportive and includes stabilization and relief of symptoms.

• #70 Arboviral Encephalitis

  https://dph.illinois.gov/topics-services/diseases-and-conditions/diseases-a-z-list/diseases/arboviral-encephalitis.html

  Most persons bitten by an infected mosquito will experience no symptoms of the disease or will have very mild symptoms including fever and headache. Approximately 1 percent to 2 percent will develop recognizable symptoms. Symptoms of WNV, SLE and LaCrosse encephalitis virus are similar. Severe infection may produce a rapid onset of severe headache, high fever, muscle aches, stiffness in the back of the neck, problems with muscle coordination, disorientation, convulsions and coma. Symptoms usually occur five to 15 days after the bite of an infected mosquito. […] Although anyone can be infected with an arbovirus, WNV and SLE usually occur in persons older than 50 years of age. Most patients recover fully, although severe infection may, infrequently, result in neurologic damage or death. […] California (LaCrosse) encephalitis virus infection most often occurs in children. Illness is generally milder than those due to WNV and SLE, and fatalities rarely occur. However, studies indicate some children with California (LaCrosse) encephalitis virus may experience persistent neurologic problems.

• #71 Factsheet about tick-borne encephalitis (TBE)

  https://www.ecdc.europa.eu/en/tick-borne-encephalitis/facts/factsheet

  The European subtype is associated with milder disease, with 20-30% of patients experiencing the second phase, mortality rates of 0.5-2%, and severe neurological sequelae in up to 10% of patients. In children, the second phase of illness is usually limited to meningitis, whereas adults older than 40 years are at increased risk of developing encephalitis, with higher mortality and long-lasting sequelae in those over the age of 60. […] The far eastern subtype is associated with more severe disease: monophasic illness, with no asymptomatic interval preceding the onset of neurological disease, mortality rates of up to 35%, and higher rates of severe neurological sequelae. […] The Siberian subtype is associated with a less severe disease (fatality rate of 13%), with a tendency for patients to develop chronic or extremely prolonged infections.

• #72 Factsheet about tick-borne encephalitis (TBE)

  https://www.ecdc.europa.eu/en/tick-borne-encephalitis/facts/factsheet

  The European subtype is associated with milder disease, with 20-30% of patients experiencing the second phase, mortality rates of 0.5-2%, and severe neurological sequelae in up to 10% of patients. In children, the second phase of illness is usually limited to meningitis, whereas adults older than 40 years are at increased risk of developing encephalitis, with higher mortality and long-lasting sequelae in those over the age of 60. […] The far eastern subtype is associated with more severe disease: monophasic illness, with no asymptomatic interval preceding the onset of neurological disease, mortality rates of up to 35%, and higher rates of severe neurological sequelae. […] The Siberian subtype is associated with a less severe disease (fatality rate of 13%), with a tendency for patients to develop chronic or extremely prolonged infections.

• #73 Encephalitis in Children | Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia

  https://www.chop.edu/conditions-diseases/encephalitis-children

  The key to treating encephalitis is early detection and treatment. A child with encephalitis requires immediate hospitalization and close monitoring. Sometimes, depending on what doctors think the specific cause of the encephalitis is, certain medications can be used to fight infections that may cause it. […] The extent of the problem is dependent on the severity of the encephalitis and the presence of other organ system problems that could affect the child. In severe cases, a breathing machine may be required to help the child breathe easier. […] As the child recovers, physical, occupational, or speech therapy may be necessary to help the child regain muscle strength and/or speech skills.

• #74

  https://111.wales.nhs.uk/encephalitis/

  Encephalitis needs to be treated urgently. Treatment involves tackling the underlying cause, relieving symptoms and supporting bodily functions. […] How long someone with encephalitis needs to stay in hospital can range from a few days to several weeks or even months. […] The chances of successful treatment are much better if encephalitis is diagnosed and treated quickly. […] Encephalitis can damage the brain and cause long-term problems including: memory problems, personality and behavioural changes, speech and language problems, swallowing problems, repeated seizures (fits) known as epilepsy, emotional and psychological problems, such as anxiety, depression and mood swings, problems with attention, concentrating, planning and problem solving, problems with balance, co-ordination and movement, persistent tiredness. […] Recovering from encephalitis can be a long, slow and difficult process. Many people will never make a full recovery.

• #75

  https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/japanese-encephalitis

  Most JEV infections are mild (fever and headache) or without apparent symptoms, but approximately 1 in 250 infections results in severe clinical illness. […] Severe disease is characterized by rapid onset of high fever, headache, neck stiffness, disorientation, coma, seizures, spastic paralysis and ultimately death. The case fatality rate can be as high as 30% among those with disease symptoms. Of those who survive, 20-30% suffer permanent cognitive, behavioural or neurological sequelae such as seizures, hearing or vision loss, speech, language, memory, and communication problems or weakness of the limbs. […] Encephalitis is a medical emergency and requires urgent medical attention. There is no antiviral treatment for patients with JE. Treatment is supportive and includes stabilization and relief of symptoms.

• #76 Encephalitis in Children | Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia

  https://www.chop.edu/conditions-diseases/encephalitis-children

  The key to treating encephalitis is early detection and treatment. A child with encephalitis requires immediate hospitalization and close monitoring. Sometimes, depending on what doctors think the specific cause of the encephalitis is, certain medications can be used to fight infections that may cause it. […] The extent of the problem is dependent on the severity of the encephalitis and the presence of other organ system problems that could affect the child. In severe cases, a breathing machine may be required to help the child breathe easier. […] As the child recovers, physical, occupational, or speech therapy may be necessary to help the child regain muscle strength and/or speech skills.

• #77

  https://111.wales.nhs.uk/encephalitis/

  Encephalitis needs to be treated urgently. Treatment involves tackling the underlying cause, relieving symptoms and supporting bodily functions. […] How long someone with encephalitis needs to stay in hospital can range from a few days to several weeks or even months. […] The chances of successful treatment are much better if encephalitis is diagnosed and treated quickly. […] Encephalitis can damage the brain and cause long-term problems including: memory problems, personality and behavioural changes, speech and language problems, swallowing problems, repeated seizures (fits) known as epilepsy, emotional and psychological problems, such as anxiety, depression and mood swings, problems with attention, concentrating, planning and problem solving, problems with balance, co-ordination and movement, persistent tiredness. […] Recovering from encephalitis can be a long, slow and difficult process. Many people will never make a full recovery.

• #78 Encephalitis Causes & Symptoms from Vaccine Reactions

  https://www.myvaccinelawyer.com/vaccine-injury-lawyer/resources/vaccine/injury/encephalitis/

  Encephalitis is inflammation of the brain. The condition often manifests as mild flu-like symptoms including fever, headache, fatigue, muscle and joint aches, allergic reactions or memory loss. In severe cases, individuals may experience seizures, difficulty with vision, hearing, and speech, and loss of consciousness. If left untreated, brain inflammation caused by Encephalitis can cause severe brain damage and result in coma or even death. […] Common signs of vaccine-induced encephalitis include: Fever and other flu-like symptoms, Signs of neurological dysfunction, Muscle weakness and pain, Coordination problems, Fatigue, Confusion or altered level of consciousness, Seizures. […] Most cases of Encephalitis respond well to rest, fluids, and antiviral or anti-inflammatory treatment. These medications are generally well-tolerated although have been known to cause side effects such as kidney damage. More severe cases of encephalitis can require: Hospitalization, Intravenous fluids to ensure proper hydration and levels of essential minerals, Anticonvulsants to prevent seizures, Corticosteroids to reduce swelling and pressure, and Breathing assistance. […] Residual complications of encephalitis may also require physical, occupational, speech or psychotherapy.

• #79

  https://www.healthxchange.sg/children/childhood-conditions/encephalitis-children-symptoms-complications-treatment

  Occasionally, some children with severe illness may show an initial improvement only to have a worsening of symptoms in the second week. […] In children severely ill with encephalitis, a second tier of investigations is performed to evaluate the immune system and look for rare and unusual infections. […] Treatments to control the misdirected immune system high dose steroids, immunoglobulins, plasma exchange or cyclophosphamide need to be administered early, as late treatment may result in brain injury. […] Children with complicated encephalitis often need long-term immunotherapy and neuro-rehabilitation. […] Fever with any of the following symptoms: Excessive drowsiness and sleepiness, out of proportion to the fever […] Marked change in behaviour and personality […] Neck pain or stiffness, Seizures, focal neurological deficits.

• #80 What is encephalitis? Causes, Symptoms & Treatment | Encephalitis International

  https://www.encephalitis.info/what-is-encephalitis/

  Encephalitis may cause different symptoms depending on the type of encephalitis (e.g. infectious, autoimmune) with most common including: […] Infectious encephalitis usually begins with a flu-like illness or headache followed by more serious symptoms hours to days, or sometimes weeks later. The most serious finding is an alteration in the level of consciousness. This can range from mild confusion or drowsiness, to loss of consciousness and coma. […] Autoimmune encephalitis often has a longer onset. Symptoms will vary depending on the type of encephalitis related antibody but may include: […] The brain takes much longer to recover from an injury than other parts of the body such as muscles, bones and skin. Recovery can be a long and slow process and should not be rushed. The main aim of rehabilitation is to help the person affected by encephalitis develop new skills, habits and strategies for coping with their remaining difficulties.

• #81

  https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/japanese-encephalitis

  Those who have lived through encephalitis often have health-care needs requiring long-term treatment and care including rehabilitation. The ongoing psychosocial impacts of disability from encephalitis can have medical, educational, social and human rights-based implications. Despite the high burden of sequelae on people with encephalitis, their families and the community, access to both services and support for these conditions is often insufficient, especially in low- and middle-income countries.

• #82 Encephalitis in Children | Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia

  https://www.chop.edu/conditions-diseases/encephalitis-children

  The key to treating encephalitis is early detection and treatment. A child with encephalitis requires immediate hospitalization and close monitoring. Sometimes, depending on what doctors think the specific cause of the encephalitis is, certain medications can be used to fight infections that may cause it. […] The extent of the problem is dependent on the severity of the encephalitis and the presence of other organ system problems that could affect the child. In severe cases, a breathing machine may be required to help the child breathe easier. […] As the child recovers, physical, occupational, or speech therapy may be necessary to help the child regain muscle strength and/or speech skills.

• #83 Encephalitis Causes & Symptoms from Vaccine Reactions

  https://www.myvaccinelawyer.com/vaccine-injury-lawyer/resources/vaccine/injury/encephalitis/

  Encephalitis is inflammation of the brain. The condition often manifests as mild flu-like symptoms including fever, headache, fatigue, muscle and joint aches, allergic reactions or memory loss. In severe cases, individuals may experience seizures, difficulty with vision, hearing, and speech, and loss of consciousness. If left untreated, brain inflammation caused by Encephalitis can cause severe brain damage and result in coma or even death. […] Common signs of vaccine-induced encephalitis include: Fever and other flu-like symptoms, Signs of neurological dysfunction, Muscle weakness and pain, Coordination problems, Fatigue, Confusion or altered level of consciousness, Seizures. […] Most cases of Encephalitis respond well to rest, fluids, and antiviral or anti-inflammatory treatment. These medications are generally well-tolerated although have been known to cause side effects such as kidney damage. More severe cases of encephalitis can require: Hospitalization, Intravenous fluids to ensure proper hydration and levels of essential minerals, Anticonvulsants to prevent seizures, Corticosteroids to reduce swelling and pressure, and Breathing assistance. […] Residual complications of encephalitis may also require physical, occupational, speech or psychotherapy.

• #84 What is encephalitis? Causes, Symptoms & Treatment | Encephalitis International

  https://www.encephalitis.info/what-is-encephalitis/

  Encephalitis may cause different symptoms depending on the type of encephalitis (e.g. infectious, autoimmune) with most common including: […] Infectious encephalitis usually begins with a flu-like illness or headache followed by more serious symptoms hours to days, or sometimes weeks later. The most serious finding is an alteration in the level of consciousness. This can range from mild confusion or drowsiness, to loss of consciousness and coma. […] Autoimmune encephalitis often has a longer onset. Symptoms will vary depending on the type of encephalitis related antibody but may include: […] The brain takes much longer to recover from an injury than other parts of the body such as muscles, bones and skin. Recovery can be a long and slow process and should not be rushed. The main aim of rehabilitation is to help the person affected by encephalitis develop new skills, habits and strategies for coping with their remaining difficulties.

• #85 Autoimmune Encephalitis (AIE) in Children

  https://www.seattlechildrens.org/healthcare-professionals/provider-news/autoimmune-encephalitis/

  Patients may be on immunotherapy for weeks or years afterwards. AIE can be refractory, and a portion of patients will relapse. […] Patients may need ongoing care for their inflammatory disease itself but may also experience sequelae from their disease. They can have motor impairments, epilepsy or cognitive symptoms even after treatment.

• #86 Pediatric anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis- Children’s Health Neurology

  https://www.childrens.com/specialties-services/conditions/anti-nmda-receptor-antibody-mediated-encephalitis

  The course of this encephalitis depends a great deal on how soon it is diagnosed and treated. Recovery can be a long journey and may take a year or two. Some children continue to have symptoms related to attention, memory and mood. […] About 80% of patients recover partially or fully with early treatment. In a small number of patients, the encephalitis can return. Our clinic is on the lookout for early symptoms of relapse and treats the disease aggressively when needed.

• #87 Encephalitis: Cause of Inflammation, Effects, Treatment

  https://www.verywellhealth.com/encephalitis-8401276

  Weakness or coordination difficulties: People can develop weakness on one side of the body or coordination problems affecting both sides of the body. […] Vision changes: Loss of vision or decreased vision may be treatable with corrective lenses. […] Epilepsy: If you have recurrent seizures after encephalitis, you will need to take antiepileptic medication to help reduce the frequency and severity of seizures. […] Hydrocephalus: Excess fluid can build up in the brain due to blockage from inflammation. This may require a surgical procedure to remove the fluid or the placement of a ventricular shunt in the brain to prevent the fluid from building up repeatedly.

• #88

  https://www.healthxchange.sg/children/childhood-conditions/encephalitis-children-symptoms-complications-treatment

  Occasionally, some children with severe illness may show an initial improvement only to have a worsening of symptoms in the second week. […] In children severely ill with encephalitis, a second tier of investigations is performed to evaluate the immune system and look for rare and unusual infections. […] Treatments to control the misdirected immune system high dose steroids, immunoglobulins, plasma exchange or cyclophosphamide need to be administered early, as late treatment may result in brain injury. […] Children with complicated encephalitis often need long-term immunotherapy and neuro-rehabilitation. […] Fever with any of the following symptoms: Excessive drowsiness and sleepiness, out of proportion to the fever […] Marked change in behaviour and personality […] Neck pain or stiffness, Seizures, focal neurological deficits.

• #89 Encephalitis: What It Is, Causes, Symptoms, Treatment & Types

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/6058-encephalitis

  You may have encephalitis symptoms for a few days up to two or three months. It can take an additional two or three months to completely recover from the condition. […] Medication to treat underlying conditions, like viruses, may cure encephalitis. In some cases, however, encephalitis may cause long-term issues that require ongoing medical care. For example, people may have ongoing issues with behavior, memory loss or speech. […] Encephalitis is a serious disease that can have long-term consequences. It can take months or years for you to fully recover from the condition.

• #90 Encephalitis: Signs and Symptoms

  https://www.health.com/encephalitis-symptoms-8696768

  Encephalitis is inflammation, irritation, and swelling of the brain typically caused by a bacterial or viral infection. […] People who develop encephalitis may experience symptoms like fever, fatigue, and headaches. Symptoms start mildly but progress quickly, flaring up one to two weeks after the initial infection. […] The timeline for encephalitis symptoms varies. Mild cases are short and can last one or two weeks. The first two weeks of infection are the acute phase of the disease when symptoms are at their peak. Severe cases can last several months and may take even longer to recover from. […] As the infection progresses, symptoms can also fluctuate, meaning that you sometimes feel better while other symptoms worsen. […] When you experience encephalitis, your brain and spinal cord become inflamed, which can cause several neurologic (brain-related) symptoms.

• #91 Symptoms & Phases | Diagnosis & Treatment of Autoimmune Encephalitis

  https://autoimmune-encephalitis.org/symptoms-phases/

  The second phase is characterized by neurologic and psychiatric symptoms. […] During phase 3, patients often present with abnormal or fluctuating blood pressure (hemodynamic instability) and hypoventilation/hypoxia. […] When the disease progresses to this stage, almost half of these patients will require prolonged ICU stays and mechanical ventilation.

• #92 Meningitis and Encephalitis

  https://www.brainfacts.org/diseases-and-disorders/neurological-disorders-az/diseases-a-to-z-from-ninds/meningitis-and-encephalitis

  Symptoms of encephalitis include sudden fever, headache, vomiting, heightened sensitivity to light, stiff neck and back, confusion and impaired judgment, drowsiness, weak muscles, a clumsy and unsteady gait, and irritability. […] Symptoms that might require emergency treatment include loss of consciousness, seizures, muscle weakness, or sudden severe dementia. […] The acute phase of encephalitis may last for 1 to 2 weeks, with gradual or sudden resolution of fever and neurological symptoms. Neurological symptoms may require many months before full recovery. […] However, in some cases, the disease progresses so rapidly that death occurs during the first 48 hours, despite early treatment.

• #93 Encephalitis: What It Is, Causes, Symptoms, Treatment & Types

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/6058-encephalitis

  You may have encephalitis symptoms for a few days up to two or three months. It can take an additional two or three months to completely recover from the condition. […] Medication to treat underlying conditions, like viruses, may cure encephalitis. In some cases, however, encephalitis may cause long-term issues that require ongoing medical care. For example, people may have ongoing issues with behavior, memory loss or speech. […] Encephalitis is a serious disease that can have long-term consequences. It can take months or years for you to fully recover from the condition.

• #94 Encephalitis: Causes, Symptoms, & Treatment

  https://www.webmd.com/a-to-z-guides/understanding-encephalitis-basics

  Your symptoms depend on the type of encephalitis you have. People with infectious encephalitis may have symptoms of an infection before they get encephalitis. […] Signs of encephalitis can include: Fatigue or loss of energy, Fever, especially a high fever, Headache that can be severe, Sensitivity to light and sound, Mild-to-moderate neck stiffness, Drowsiness or loss of consciousness, Irritability, anxiety, and behavioral or personality changes, Hallucinations. […] Signs of severe encephalitis may include: Weakness or trouble moving some parts of your body, Double vision, Confusion, trouble speaking, or difficulty understanding when someone talks to you, Coma, Seizures, A bulging soft spot (fontanel) in infants. […] Your symptoms can last anywhere from a few days to a couple of months. Some people with complications may take another few months to fully recover.

• #95 Understanding Encephalitis Symptoms: What To Look For

  https://drchandrilchugh.com/encephalitis/understanding-encephalitis-symptoms-what-to-look-for/

  Babies and young kids can show different signs of encephalitis. They might not eat well, feel stiff, or be upset a lot. […] Watch for a bulging soft spot on their head, throw up, or be very fussy. A doctor should check them out right away. […] Symptoms include confusion, personality changes, and seizures. You might have trouble moving and see or hear things differently. Infectious encephalitis symptoms are like the flu at first, then worsen. Autoimmune encephalitis signs show up slowly over weeks. […] Look out for the flus early signs plus confusion, seizures, or trouble moving parts of your body. If you lose consciousness, get help right away. […] Encephalitis outcomes vary a lot, based on the cause, how bad it is, and how quickly its treated. In mild cases, people often fully recover. But in severe cases, there might be lasting brain problems or even death. […] Healing from serious encephalitis can take months to years and needs a lot of rehab.

• #96 Encephalitis: Signs and Symptoms

  https://www.health.com/encephalitis-symptoms-8696768

  Because of how encephalitis affects the brain, it’s not uncommon for people with the infection to experience changes in their psychological well-being. […] Encephalitis’s symptoms progress rapidly a week or two after the initial infection, and seeking care for this condition is essential, even if symptoms feel mild at first. […] Some symptoms warrant more immediate medical attention. You should visit your healthcare provider immediately if you experience any of the following symptoms: Loss of consciousness, Muscle weakness and paralysis, Seizures, Severe headaches, Poor responsiveness, A rapid change in your cognitive functions, including memory loss and impaired judgment. […] Encephalitis causes infection and inflammation in the brain, usually due to an underlying bacterial or viral infection. Common symptoms of this condition can include fatigue, fever, and headaches. However, encephalitis can also affect your brain functions and psychological well-being. […] Encephalitis can often be hard to diagnose because symptoms in the early stages can mimic signs of other illnesses. However, if you have symptoms, even if they’re mild, contacting your healthcare provider is essential so you can reduce the risk of severe complications and receive proper treatment.

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