Materiały źródłowe

• #1 Roseola Infantum – Pediatrics – Merck Manual Professional Edition

  https://www.merckmanuals.com/professional/pediatrics/common-viral-infections-in-infants-and-children/roseola-infantum

  Roseola infantum is an infection of infants or very young children caused by human herpesvirus 6B (HHV-6B) or, less commonly, HHV-7. […] Diagnosis is clinical, and treatment is symptomatic. […] Roseola infantum may be suspected when a child aged 6 months to 3 years develops typical symptoms and signs. […] Testing is rarely needed, but diagnosis of roseola infantum can be confirmed by culture or serologic tests. […] Molecular assays (eg, quantitative polymerase chain reaction) are available but are more commonly used to detect viral reactivation.

• #2 Roseola Infantum – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/books/NBK448190/

  Roseola infantum is a common disease of childhood that is seen globally and is caused by infection with human herpesvirus 6 (HHV-6), or, less frequently, by human herpesvirus 7 (HHV-7). […] Roseola infantum is a clinically diagnosed, self-limited illness that can be treated symptomatically. […] This activity reviews the evaluation, diagnosis, and management of roseola infantum and stresses the role of team-based interprofessional care for affected patients. […] Laboratory tests are unlikely to be necessary for the evaluation of roseola infantum but are sometimes drawn during the febrile phase of the illness to rule out other diagnoses. […] There is no specific treatment for roseola infantum. The majority of cases of roseola infantum are mild and self-limited. Treatment is supportive with rest, maintaining fluid intake and antipyretics such as acetaminophen or ibuprofen to control the fever. […] Roseola infantum is managed by an interprofessional team that includes pediatric nurses. The condition is benign and resolves spontaneously.

• #3 Roseola (viral rash): Causes, Symptoms, and Treatment — DermNet

  https://dermnetnz.org/topics/roseola

  Roseola is most commonly seen in children between 6 months and three years of age. […] Because roseola is usually mild and self-limiting, diagnosis is usually solely based on the characteristic history and physical examination. […] Some laboratories can confirm HHV-6 infection by serology or polymerase chain reaction (PCR).

• #4 Roseola – Symptoms, diagnosis and treatment | BMJ Best Practice US

  https://bestpractice.bmj.com/topics/en-us/756?locale=fr

  Roseola is a common febrile viral illness of early childhood; it is usually caused by human herpesvirus (HHV)-6B and occasionally by HHV-7. […] Roseola is usually a benign self-limited illness that has been associated with febrile seizures. […] Roseola (also called exanthem subitum or sixth disease for the sixth classic pediatric exanthem) is a common early childhood febrile illness, characterized by 3 to 7 days of high fever followed by onset of rash that appears with resolution of fever. […] Key diagnostic factors include age under 2 years, immunosuppression, high fever, and exanthem. […] Other diagnostic factors include diarrhea, abdominal pain, Nagayama spots, tympanic membrane inflammation, upper respiratory symptoms, seizures, periorbital edema, bulging anterior fontanelle, and cervical, occipital, or postauricular lymphadenopathy. […] 1st tests to order: no initial test. […] Tests to consider include viral culture and antibody detection. […] Emerging tests include polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and immunohistochemistry.

• #5 Roseola | Boston Children’s Hospital

  https://www.childrenshospital.org/conditions/roseola

  Roseola is usually diagnosed based on a complete medical history and physical examination of your child. […] Because the rash of roseola that follows a high fever is unique, your child’s physician can typically make a diagnosis based on a simple physical examination. […] Your child’s doctor may also order blood tests to aid in the diagnosis.

• #6

  https://www.beaumont.org/conditions/roseola

  Roseola is usually diagnosed based on a complete medical history and physical examination of your child. The rash of roseola that follows a high fever is unique, and usually allows for a diagnosis simply on physical examination. […] In addition, your child’s physician may order blood tests to aid in the diagnosis.

• #7 Roseola infantum (exanthem subitum) – UpToDate

  https://www.uptodate.com/contents/roseola-infantum-exanthem-subitum/print

  Roseola infantum (also known as exanthem subitum, sixth disease, pseudorubella, exanthem criticum, and three-day fever) is caused by the B variant of human herpesvirus 6 (HHV-6). It is a clinical syndrome characterized by three to five days of high fever (may exceed 40°C [104°F]) that resolves abruptly and is followed by development of a rash. […] The clinical manifestations, diagnosis, and treatment of roseola infantum will be reviewed here. […] Human herpesvirus 6B (HHV-6B) is the most frequent cause of roseola. […] Other causes include HHV-7, enteroviruses (coxsackieviruses A and B, echoviruses), adenoviruses, and parainfluenza virus type 1. […] The prevalence and seasonality of roseola indicate that it is an illness of young children, with a peak prevalence between 7 and 13 months. […] Ninety percent of cases occur in children younger than two years. […] Roseola occurs equally in males and females. […] It occurs throughout the year, but the peak incidence is in the spring and fall seasons.

• #8 Roseola infantum (exanthem subitum) – UpToDate

  https://www.uptodate.com/contents/roseola-infantum-exanthem-subitum

  Roseola infantum (also known as exanthem subitum, sixth disease, pseudorubella, exanthem criticum, and three-day fever) is caused by the B variant of human herpesvirus 6 (HHV-6). It is a clinical syndrome characterized by three to five days of high fever (may exceed 40°C [104°F]) that resolves abruptly and is followed by development of a rash. […] The clinical manifestations, diagnosis, and treatment of roseola infantum will be reviewed here. […] Human herpesvirus 6B (HHV-6B) is the most frequent cause of roseola. […] The clinical manifestations, diagnosis, and treatment of roseola infantum will be reviewed here.

• #9 Roseola Infantum – Children’s Health Issues – Merck Manual Consumer Version

  https://www.merckmanuals.com/home/children-s-health-issues/common-viral-infections-in-infants-and-children/roseola-infantum

  Roseola infantum is a contagious viral infection of infants or very young children that causes a high fever followed by a rash. […] The diagnosis is based on symptoms and the age of the child. […] A doctor suspects roseola infantum when typical symptoms (particularly development of a rash after a high fever goes away) appear in a child aged 6 months to 3 years. […] Tests are rarely done, but the diagnosis of roseola infantum can be confirmed with blood tests.

• #10 Roseola (Sixth Disease)

  https://www.healthline.com/health/roseola

  There is no specific test that can be used to diagnose roseola, although sometimes a blood test can identify its antibodies. Doctors usually diagnose roseola based on fever and the rash. […] Roseola is contagious during this time. […] Roseola is no longer contagious by the time the illness has entered the rash stage, which is almost always after the fever. […] Diagnosis is based on symptoms. […] Roseola can sometimes be difficult to diagnose because its symptoms mimic those of other common illnesses in kids. Also, because the fever comes and then goes away before the rash appears, roseola is usually diagnosed only after the fever is gone and your child is feeling better.

• #11 Roseola | Beacon Health System

  https://www.beaconhealthsystem.org/library/diseases-and-conditions/roseola?content_id=CON-20377264

  Roseola might be diagnosed based on the symptoms. The initial symptoms are similar to many other childhood illnesses, such as measles. A roseola rash often starts on the chest or back. A measles rash begins on the head. […] Sometimes a blood test is done to confirm the diagnosis.

• #12 Roseola in Children – Stanford Medicine Children’s Health

  https://www.stanfordchildrens.org/en/topic/default?id=roseola-in-children-90-P02539

  Roseola is a contagious viral illness. It causes a high fever and then a rash that develops as the fever goes away. […] The symptoms of roseola can be like other health conditions. Make sure your child sees his or her healthcare provider for a diagnosis. […] The healthcare provider will ask about your child’s symptoms and health history. He or she will give your child a physical exam. The physical exam will include inspecting the rash. The rash and high fever is usually enough to diagnose your child. […] Roseola is a contagious viral illness. It causes a high fever and then a rash that develops as the fever goes away. […] It most commonly affects children younger than age 2. […] It may take 5 to 15 days for a child to have symptoms of roseola after being exposed to the virus. A high fever may start suddenly and may reach 105F. The fever lasts 3 to 5 days and then suddenly goes away. […] A child is most contagious during the high fever, before the rash occurs. […] As the fever goes away, a pink rash develops. The rash is either flat or raised lesions on the abdomen. It then spreads to the face, arms, and legs. […] The goal of treatment is to help reduce symptoms.

• #13 Roseola Infantum – UtahDERM Diagnoses

  https://utahderm.med.utah.edu/diagnoses/roseola-infantum/

  Roseola infantum is a common viral exanthem of childhood. It is characterized by a fever followed by a rash upon defervescence. It is typically caused by infection with human herpesvirus (HHV) type 6 or 7. The diagnosis is made clinically based upon symptoms and disease progression. The clinical course begins with 3-5 days of high fever. As the fever resolves, the exanthem appears, consisting of faint pink, round macules and papules. The lesions are 2-3 mm, blanch, and may coalesce to form patches and plaques. […] No diagnostic workup is indicated for roseola as it is considered a clinical diagnosis. Serologic testing can confirm the presence of HHV-6 or HHV-7.

• #14 Roseola: A-to-Z Guide from Diagnosis to Treatment to Prevention | DrGreene

  https://www.drgreene.com/articles/roseola

  Roseola is usually diagnosed based on a classic history and physical exam. […] During the days of fever, before the rash appears, lab work may be needed to rule out other problems. […] Once the rash has appeared, the diagnosis is usually clear. […] Sometimes it is confused with rubella, measles, scarlet fever, fifth disease, or drug reactions (especially if children have been started on an antibiotic during the fever).

• #15 Roseola differential diagnosis – wikidoc

  https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Roseola_differential_diagnosis

  Roseola must be differentiated from other diseases that cause fever and rash, such as Rubella (german measles), Rubeola (measles), hand foot and mouth disease caused by coxakie virus, erythema infectiosum caused by parvovirus B19, scarlet fever and even drug allergy. […] Roseola, also known as Exanthem subitum must be differentiated from all other childhood diseases that cause rash, and fever.

• #16 Roseola – Wikipedia

  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roseola

  The diagnosis of roseola is made clinically based on the presence of the two phases: fever and rash. Laboratory testing is seldom used as the results do not alter the management of the disease. An exception is in people who are immunocompromised in whom serologic tests with viral identification can be used to confirm the diagnosis. […] Roseola should be differentiated based on symptoms from other similar-appearing illnesses, such as rubella, measles, fifth disease, scarlet fever, and drug reactions.

• #17 Roseola Infantum – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK448190/

  Roseola infantum is a clinically diagnosed, self-limited illness that can be treated symptomatically. […] This activity reviews the evaluation, diagnosis, and management of roseola infantum and stresses the role of team-based interprofessional care for affected patients. […] Laboratory tests are unlikely to be necessary for the evaluation of roseola infantum but are sometimes drawn during the febrile phase of the illness to rule out other diagnoses. […] There is no specific treatment for roseola infantum. The majority of cases of roseola infantum are mild and self-limited. Treatment is supportive with rest, maintaining fluid intake and antipyretics such as acetaminophen or ibuprofen to control the fever. […] Roseola infantum is managed by an interprofessional team that includes pediatric nurses. The condition is benign and resolves spontaneously.

• #18 Roseola (Sixth Disease) Symptoms & Causes

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/15785-roseola-infantumsixth-disease

  Healthcare providers diagnose roseola by talking to you about your child’s symptoms and doing a physical exam. Children rarely need blood tests or other tests to confirm a diagnosis. Your pediatrician will rule out other causes of your child’s symptoms, including: […] Your pediatrician will tell you how to manage your child’s fever and when you should seek medical care.

• #19 Roseola Infantum Workup: Laboratory Studies, Histologic Findings

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1133023-workup

  In response to the early acute febrile presentation, laboratory studies may include a complete blood count (CBC), urinalysis, blood cultures, and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) examination. […] The diagnosis of roseola infantum may be confirmed by means of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay for human herpesvirus (HHV)-6 and HHV-7, virus isolation, and seroconversion (immunoglobulin M [IgM]). The most common technique is the quantification of viral DNA in blood, other body fluids, and organs by means of real-time PCR. […] Specific antibodies for differentiating HHV-6A from HHV-6B can be determined with a serologic assay based on immunoblot analysis using recombinant HHV-6A p100 and HHV-6B 101K.

• #20 Roseola Infantum (Sixth Disease): Symptoms & Treatment | Ada

  https://ada.com/conditions/roseola-infantum/

  A doctor will typically diagnose roseola after taking the childs or adults medical history and performing a physical examination. […] Laboratory blood tests may be ordered to confirm the diagnosis of roseola, but these are only rarely used, e.g. for very unclear presentations or people with a compromised immune system. […] The infection is usually over by the time the rash develops, and most children feel well again. […] As the fever and early symptoms can mimic other conditions, roseola is sometimes hard to diagnose. […] Most children recover from roseola within a week of the onset of the fever.

• #21 Roseola infantum – Knowledge @ AMBOSS

  https://www.amboss.com/us/knowledge/roseola-infantum/

  Roseola infantum is diagnosed clinically; laboratory tests are not typically recommended. […] Usually a clinical diagnosis […] Consult infectious diseases for consideration of confirmatory studies (e.g., serology, NAAT) in patients with: […] Laboratory studies are not required but (if performed) may show leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, and elevated transaminases. […] Roseola infantum is typically a self-limited illness that can be managed with symptomatic treatment as needed. […] No infection control measures are required for the exanthem of roseola infantum.

• #22 Diagnosis Roseola – Alomedika

  https://www.alomedika.com/penyakit/kesehatan-anak/roseola/diagnosis

  Diagnosis roseola perlu dicurigai pada bayi berusia di bawah 2 tahun yang mengalami demam disusul dengan munculnya ruam. Diagnosis roseola dapat ditegakkan secara klinis dan tidak memerlukan pemeriksaan penunjang. […] Gejala utama roseola adalah demam dan ruam kulit. Demam pada roseola, memiliki karakteristik berupa demam tinggi, muncul mendadak, yang terjadi selama 3-5 hari. […] Ruam akan hilang dalam waktu beberapa jam hingga 2 hari, tanpa meninggalkan skuama atau pigmentasi. […] Selain demam dan ruam, manifestasi klinis lain yang dapat ditemukan pada roseola adalah muntah, infeksi saluran napas atas, rhinorrhea, dan batuk. […] Pemeriksaan penunjang jarang diperlukan untuk diagnosis roseola. Pemeriksaan penunjang mungkin diperlukan untuk memastikan bahwa gejala disebabkan oleh infeksi HHV. […] Kultur virus merupakan pemeriksaan baku emas untuk menegakkan diagnosis infeksi HHV-6, tetapi sangat jarang dilakukan. […] Tes serologi menggunakan immunofluorescent antibody assay, neutralization, immunoblot, dan enzyme immunoassay (EIA) dapat mendeteksi peningkatan konsentrasi antibodi serum.

• #23 Roseola – Symptoms & causes – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/roseola/symptoms-causes/syc-20377283

  Roseola is a common infection that usually affects children by age 2. […] Roseola, also known as sixth disease, usually isn’t serious, and it goes away on its own in a week or so. […] Roseola symptoms might include: […] Call your child’s health care provider if: […] Roseola is caused by a virus, usually human herpes virus 6 or sometimes human herpes virus 7. […] Roseola is no longer contagious after the fever has been gone for 24 hours. […] The risk of roseola is highest in older infants. […] Roseola is usually a mild disease, but it can cause complications. […] If your child has a seizure, seek emergency care. […] Roseola is of greater concern in people with a weak immune system. […] There is no vaccine to prevent roseola. […] Most people have antibodies to roseola by the time they’re of school age, making them immune to a second infection.

• #24 Roseola: Symptoms, causes, and treatment

  https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/320357

  Roseola, also known as roseola infantum or sixth disease, is a viral infection. […] Roseola symptoms typically appear within 5 to 15 days of infection with the virus. […] A sudden, high fever is one of the first signs of roseola and when a person is most contagious. […] The condition is caused by a virus, more commonly human herpes virus 6, but also human herpes virus 7. […] Most children will contract roseola at a young age. […] Roseola rarely causes complications, with the vast majority of people making a full recovery in approximately 7 days after their symptoms start. […] Children who are displaying the following signs and symptoms should see a doctor: fever higher than 103.0F (39.4C), fever lasting more than a week, rash that persists without improvement for more than 3 days.

• #25 Caring for Kids with Roseola – Centers Urgent Care

  https://centersurgentcare.net/caring-for-kids-with-roseola-a-comprehensive-guide-for-parents/uncategorised/

  Roseola is an infectious disease caused by two strains of the human herpes virus (HHV), namely HHV-6 and HHV-7. […] Diagnosis of roseola is typically based on the characteristic pattern of high fever followed by a rash. In some cases, a blood test might be done to confirm the presence of HHV-6 or HHV-7. […] While the symptoms of roseola itself is generally mild, its important to contact a healthcare provider if your child has a high fever (over 102F or 38.9C) for more than seven days, appears unusually sleepy or irritable, refuses to eat or drink, or shows signs of dehydration (such as dry mouth, lack of tears when crying, or less frequent urination). […] If your child is experiencing severe symptoms, such as high fever (over 102F or 38.9C) for more than seven days, refusal to eat or drink, or signs of dehydration, its important to seek medical attention right away.

• #26 Roseola: Symptoms and Treatment

  https://patient.info/infections/roseola

  Roseola is often diagnosed when the child is getting better. At first the high fever may cause concern to parents and doctors if it is not clear what is causing it. Other more serious illnesses may need to be ruled out. The sudden drop in fever and the appearance of the typical rash are reassuring. This indicates that the fever has been caused by the roseola virus and nothing more serious. […] Roseola is contagious. The spread of the virus is from person to person via saliva. The time from infection to symptoms appearing (incubation period) is 9 to 15 days. The chid is probably infectious during the whole period of the disease and maybe even before the high temperature (fever) appears. […] There is no treatment that kills the virus. Treatment aims to keep the child as comfortable as possible until the illness goes.

• #27 Roseola Infantum: Practice Essentials, Background, Pathophysiology

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1133023-overview

  Roseola infantum is a viral illness that occurs secondary to human herpesvirus (HHV)-6 or HHV-7 infection. It is characterized by high fevers for 3-4 days, followed by exanthema at defervescence. Febrile seizures can occur in as many as 15% of patients. Roseola is considered benign and self-limited, and prompt recognition is important to avoid unnecessary parental concern, delayed diagnosis of mimicking conditions, and unnecessary investigations and treatment. Treatment is symptomatic, centering on the use of antipyretics. […] The classic presentation of roseola infantum is a 9- to 12-month-old infant who acutely develops a high fever and often experiences a febrile seizure. After 3 days, a rapid defervescence occurs, and a morbilliform rash appears. […] A study monitoring HHV-6 and HHV-7 DNA in saliva samples during the acute and convalescent phases demonstrated a significantly higher rate of detection in children aged 3-9 years than in adults, suggesting that children in the convalescent phase of roseola infantum are the more probable source of infection.

• #28 Roseola (exanthem subitum, sixth disease) – including symptoms, treatment and prevention | SA Health

  https://www.sahealth.sa.gov.au/wps/wcm/connect/public+content/sa+health+internet/conditions/infectious+diseases/roseola/roseola+exanthem+subitum+sixth+disease+-+including+symptoms+treatment+and+prevention

  Roseola is caused by infection with a virus called human herpes virus-6 (HHV-6). Almost all children have been infected with HHV-6 by the age of 2 years. […] Diagnosis is made by clinical presentation. […] Symptoms include the sudden onset of a high fever that lasts 3 to 5 days and then falls, at which time a rash appears. The rash looks similar to the measles rash, but appears first on the body rather than the face. Roseola is usually a mild illness, although it can lead to seizures (fits) caused by the high fever.

• #29 Roseola [+ Free Cheat Sheet] | Lecturio Nursing

  https://www.lecturio.com/nursing/free-cheat-sheet/roseola/

  Roseola, primarily caused by human herpesvirus 6 (HHV-6), predominantly affects infants and young children, presenting as a sudden, high fever followed by a characteristic pinkish-red rash. […] In clinical practice, nurses should be especially aware of its contagious nature and take care to differentiate roseola from other rash-causing illnesses, such as measles or rubella. […] Roseola is caused by primary infection with human herpesvirus 6 (HHV-6) or, less commonly, human herpesvirus 7 (HHV-7). […] The client is only contagious while fever is present. […] Yes, roseola is contagious to adults, if they haven’t been exposed to it before. […] Roseola presents with the acute onset of high fever. […] The client is only contagious while fever is present. […] If an adult does contract roseola, the symptoms are typically milder than in children.

• #30

  https://www.aboutkidshealth.ca/roseola

  Find out how to recognize and treat the signs and symptoms of a roseola infection. […] Roseola is easy to diagnose if it involves a fever followed by rash. However, not all cases of roseola look the same. For example, sometimes there is no rash after the initial fever. In addition, many other viral infections can look similar to roseola. There is no standard test to confirm roseola. […] In some cases, during the initial phase of fever in young children who are irritable, health-care providers may perform urine or blood tests to screen for bacterial infections.

• #31 Roseola Infantum: Practice Essentials, Background, Pathophysiology

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1133023-overview

  Practically all patients who are immunocompetent survive roseola infantum without sequelae. In patients who are immunosuppressed, however, multisystem complications are not unusual. Infection may be chronic, leading to viral progression and death. […] In the case of an otherwise healthy infant with roseola infantum, educating the parents is important to alleviate anxiety about the hyperpyrexia and possible associated seizure. […] In patients who are immunocompromised, educating the parents regarding the complexity of overlapping signs and symptoms with other viral syndromes and parasitic and fungal infections is crucial.

• #32 Roseola (Sixth Disease) Virus, Symptoms, Treatment & Causes

  https://www.medicinenet.com/roseola/article.htm

  Roseola is a mild viral illness most commonly in young children. […] Roseola is a common viral infection. […] Roseola is primarily caused by a virus called human herpesvirus 6 (HHV-6) and less frequently by human herpesvirus 7 (HHV-7). […] The characteristic clinical pattern of sudden onset of high fever and development of the typical rash at the time of fever resolution generally enables a rapid diagnosis without any laboratory studies. […] Pediatricians and family practitioners are capable of diagnosing and managing a child with roseola. […] For unusual presentations, patients with complications, or those with immune deficiency states, several forms of blood tests can assist in establishing the diagnosis. […] A child with a fever and a rash should not go back to childcare until they are medically evaluated. […] At this time, there is no vaccine for roseola. […] The primary mechanism for HHV-6 or HHV-7 transmission is via human-to-human respiratory droplet secretions. […] The prognosis for a child with roseola is excellent and no long-term side effects should occur.

Zobacz więcej