Materiały źródłowe

• #1 Lobular carcinoma in situ (LCIS) – Symptoms & causes – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/lobular-carcinoma-in-situ/symptoms-causes/syc-20374529

  Lobular carcinoma in situ (LCIS) is an uncommon condition in which abnormal cells form in the milk glands (lobules) in the breast. Lobular carcinoma in situ (LCIS) isn’t cancer. But being diagnosed with LCIS indicates that you have an increased risk of developing breast cancer. […] LCIS usually doesn’t show up on mammograms. The condition is most often discovered as a result of a breast biopsy done for another reason, such as a suspicious breast lump or an abnormal mammogram. […] Women with LCIS have an increased risk of developing invasive breast cancer in either breast. If you’re diagnosed with LCIS, your doctor may recommend increased breast cancer screening and may ask you to consider medical treatments to reduce your risk of developing invasive breast cancer. […] If LCIS is detected in a breast biopsy, it doesn’t mean that you have cancer. But having LCIS increases your risk of breast cancer and makes it more likely that you may develop invasive breast cancer.

• #2 Understanding Your Pathology Report: Lobular Carcinoma In Situ (LCIS) | American Cancer Society

  https://www.cancer.org/cancer/diagnosis-staging/tests/biopsy-and-cytology-tests/understanding-your-pathology-report/breast-pathology/lobular-carcinoma-in-situ.html

  When biopsy samples are collected from your breast, they are studied by a doctor with special training, called a pathologist. After testing the samples, the pathologist creates a report on what was found. Your doctors can use this report to help manage your care. […] Lobular carcinoma in situ (LCIS) is a type of in-situ carcinoma of the breast. While DCIS is considered a pre-cancer, it is unclear whether LCIS is a pre-cancer or if it’s just a general risk factor for developing breast cancer. This is because LCIS rarely seems to turn into invasive cancer if it’s left untreated. Having LCIS does increase a person’s risk of getting breast cancer, but the cancer occurs just as often in the opposite breast (the one without any LCIS). Because it isn’t clear if LCIS is a pre-cancer, many doctors prefer to use the term lobular neoplasia instead of lobular carcinoma in situ.

• #3 Lobular Carcinoma in Situ (LCIS)

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/21791-lobular-carcinoma-in-situ-lcis

  Lobular carcinoma in situ (LCIS) is a rare breast condition. It causes abnormal cells in your lobules the glands in your breasts that produce breast milk. LCIS isnt breast cancer but it does increase the chance youll have breast cancer. […] Having LCIS doesnt mean you have a serious illness. But a diagnosis of LCIS does increase the chance that youll develop breast cancer later on. […] If test results show abnormal cells in your lobules, your healthcare provider may order another biopsy to find and remove any other abnormal cells. A pathologist will examine abnormal cells under a microscope to identify the type of LCIS that you have. […] Your treatment depends on the type of LCIS. For example, if you have classic LCIS, your healthcare provider may recommend active surveillance or preventive therapy. If you have pleomorphic or florid LCIS, you may need surgery.

• #4

  https://www.aurorahealthcare.org/services/cancer/breast-cancer/lobular-carcinoma-in-situ

  Lobular carcinoma in situ (LCIS) is a non-cancerous condition where abnormal cells grow in the milk glands of your breast. While LCIS is not breast cancer, your risk of getting cancer increases if you’re diagnosed with it. […] If you’re diagnosed with LCIS, your Aurora cancer specialist may recommend more screenings and treatments to lower your risk of developing invasive breast cancer. […] LCIS is not considered cancer, but it does indicate a greater risk for developing breast cancer in the future. Yet, it doesn’t always lead to cancer itself. […] Mammograms usually don’t catch LCIS. It’s usually discovered with a breast biopsy for a different reason, such as a lump in the breast or abnormal mammogram. […] Regular monitoring and follow-up care are crucial if you have LCIS so any signs of progression or development of invasive cancer can be detected early. This typically involves regular breast exams, mammograms and sometimes additional imaging or biopsies.

• #5 Lobular carcinoma in situ (LCIS) – Diagnosis & treatment – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/lobular-carcinoma-in-situ/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20374535

  Lobular carcinoma in situ (LCIS) may be present in one or both breasts, but it usually isn’t visible on a mammogram. The condition is most often diagnosed as an incidental finding when you have a biopsy done to evaluate some other area of concern in your breast. […] The tissue removed during your biopsy is sent to a laboratory where doctors that specialize in analyzing blood and body tissues (pathologists) closely examine the cells to determine if you have Lobular carcinoma in situ (LCIS). […] If your biopsy reveals LCIS, you’ll likely have a follow-up appointment with your doctor. Questions you may want to ask your doctor about LCIS include: How much does LCIS increase my risk of breast cancer? […] Am I a candidate for medications that reduce the risk of breast cancer? […] Am I a candidate for preventive surgery?

• #6 Lobular Carcinoma In Situ LCIS | Tampa General Hospital

  https://www.tgh.org/institutes-and-services/conditions/lobular-carcinoma-in-situ-lcis

  Lobular carcinoma in situ (LCIS) is a relatively uncommon condition in which abnormal cells develop in the milk-producing glands (lobules) of a breast. […] Lobular carcinoma in situ does not produce noticeable symptoms or mammogram features. The unusual pattern of cell growth can only be seen during the microscopic evaluation of the breast tissue. […] Usually, lobular carcinoma in situ is diagnosed with a needle biopsy, which may be performed with real-time imaging guidance. After numbing the breast area, a physician inserts a fine, hollow needle and removes a small sample of breast tissue. The sample is then sent to a lab, where a pathologist uses a microscope to examine the cell characteristics in detail. […] After confirming a diagnosis of lobular carcinoma in situ, a physician may recommend more frequent breast cancer screenings, including clinical breast examinations and mammograms, and possibly prescribe a medication such as tamoxifen to help prevent the abnormal cells from transitioning into cancer.

• #7 Lobular Carcinoma in Situ | LCIS | American Cancer Society

  https://www.cancer.org/cancer/types/breast-cancer/non-cancerous-breast-conditions/lobular-carcinoma-in-situ.html

  Lobular carcinoma in situ (LCIS) is a type of breast change that is sometimes seen when a breast biopsy is done. In LCIS, cells that look like cancer cells are growing in the lining of the milk-producing glands (lobules) of the breast, but they dont invade through the wall of the lobules. […] Classic LCIS usually doesn’t cause a lump that can be felt or changes that can be seen on a mammogram, although pleomorphic and florid LCIS are sometimes found this way. Most often, LCIS is found when a breast biopsy is done for another problem thats nearby. (During a biopsy, small pieces of breast tissue are removed and checked in the lab.) […] Women with LCIS have about a 7 to 12 times higher risk of developing invasive cancer in either breast. For this reason, doctors typically recommend that women with LCIS have regular breast cancer screening tests and follow-up visits with a health care provider for the rest of their lives.

• #8 Understanding Lobular Carcinoma In Situ (LCIS) | Breast Cancer Research Foundation

  https://www.bcrf.org/about-breast-cancer/lcis-lobular-carcinoma-in-situ/

  LCIS does not usually cause any symptoms. Its typically diagnosed after a pathologist evaluates breast tissue from a biopsy deemed necessary because of an abnormal mammogram. […] Because no diagnostic tools currently exist that reliably predict who will develop invasive breast cancer after an LCIS diagnosis, it is likely that some women with LCIS are undertreated, and some women are overtreated.

• #9 Lobular Carcinoma in Situ | LCIS | American Cancer Society

  https://www.cancer.org/cancer/types/breast-cancer/non-cancerous-breast-conditions/lobular-carcinoma-in-situ.html

  Lobular carcinoma in situ (LCIS) is a type of breast change that is sometimes seen when a breast biopsy is done. In LCIS, cells that look like cancer cells are growing in the lining of the milk-producing glands (lobules) of the breast, but they dont invade through the wall of the lobules. […] Classic LCIS usually doesn’t cause a lump that can be felt or changes that can be seen on a mammogram, although pleomorphic and florid LCIS are sometimes found this way. Most often, LCIS is found when a breast biopsy is done for another problem thats nearby. (During a biopsy, small pieces of breast tissue are removed and checked in the lab.) […] Women with LCIS have about a 7 to 12 times higher risk of developing invasive cancer in either breast. For this reason, doctors typically recommend that women with LCIS have regular breast cancer screening tests and follow-up visits with a health care provider for the rest of their lives.

• #10 Lobular Carcinoma In-Situ (LCIS)

  https://www.cbcn.ca/en/lobular-carcinoma-in-situ

  Lobular carcinoma in situ (LCIS) describes a condition in which there is abnormal cell growth in the lining on the lobules that dont invade the wall of the lobules. […] Research shows that LCIS is found in about 0.5% to 1.5% of benign breast biopsies and in about 1.8% to 2.5% of all breast biopsies. […] While LCIS is a benign condition and is not considered to be breast cancer, having LCIS puts a person at an approximately 7 to 12 times higher risk of later developing invasive breast cancer. […] For women diagnosed with LCIS, the risk of developing breast cancer in 10 years is 10% and after 20 years of an LCIS diagnosis, the risk is 20%. […] Classis LCIS is generally not seen on mammograms, while pleomorphic and florid LCIS can sometimes be found in this way. However, all 3 types of LCIS are diagnosed by a breast biopsy, usually following a concerning mammogram result or while assessing another issue.

• #11

  https://www.aurorahealthcare.org/services/cancer/breast-cancer/lobular-carcinoma-in-situ

  Diagnosing LCIS poses a challenge since it doesn’t show any symptoms. When abnormalities are found on a mammogram, a LCIS diagnosis is confirmed through a core needle breast biopsy. […] During a core needle breast biopsy, a small tissue sample is removed with a thin, hollow needle from the area where the abnormal cells were identified. A pathologist will look at the tissue to confirm a diagnosis of LCIS.

• #12

  https://www.advocatehealth.com/health-services/cancer-institute/cancers-we-treat/breast-cancer/lobular-carcinoma-in-situ

  Lobular carcinoma in situ (LCIS) is a noncancerous condition where abnormal cells form in the milk ducts of the breast. While LCIS isn’t cancer, it is a risk factor for developing breast cancer. […] Diagnosing LCIS can be tricky since it typically doesn’t cause symptoms. Instead, it’s often discovered during a biopsy or mammogram. Any abnormalities seen on a mammogram will be further evaluated with a core needle biopsy. […] A core needle breast biopsy removes a small tissue sample through a thin, hollow needle from the area where an abnormality was seen on a mammogram. A pathologist will then determine whether the tissue is benign or cancerous to confirm a diagnosis of LCIS.

• #13 Lobular Carcinoma In Situ LCIS | Tampa General Hospital

  https://www.tgh.org/institutes-and-services/conditions/lobular-carcinoma-in-situ-lcis

  Lobular carcinoma in situ (LCIS) is a relatively uncommon condition in which abnormal cells develop in the milk-producing glands (lobules) of a breast. […] Lobular carcinoma in situ does not produce noticeable symptoms or mammogram features. The unusual pattern of cell growth can only be seen during the microscopic evaluation of the breast tissue. […] Usually, lobular carcinoma in situ is diagnosed with a needle biopsy, which may be performed with real-time imaging guidance. After numbing the breast area, a physician inserts a fine, hollow needle and removes a small sample of breast tissue. The sample is then sent to a lab, where a pathologist uses a microscope to examine the cell characteristics in detail. […] After confirming a diagnosis of lobular carcinoma in situ, a physician may recommend more frequent breast cancer screenings, including clinical breast examinations and mammograms, and possibly prescribe a medication such as tamoxifen to help prevent the abnormal cells from transitioning into cancer.

• #14 Lobular carcinoma in situ (LCIS) – Diagnosis & treatment – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/lobular-carcinoma-in-situ/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20374535

  Lobular carcinoma in situ (LCIS) may be present in one or both breasts, but it usually isn’t visible on a mammogram. The condition is most often diagnosed as an incidental finding when you have a biopsy done to evaluate some other area of concern in your breast. […] The tissue removed during your biopsy is sent to a laboratory where doctors that specialize in analyzing blood and body tissues (pathologists) closely examine the cells to determine if you have Lobular carcinoma in situ (LCIS). […] If your biopsy reveals LCIS, you’ll likely have a follow-up appointment with your doctor. Questions you may want to ask your doctor about LCIS include: How much does LCIS increase my risk of breast cancer? […] Am I a candidate for medications that reduce the risk of breast cancer? […] Am I a candidate for preventive surgery?

• #15 Lobular Carcinoma in Situ (LCIS) | Cedars-Sinai

  https://www.cedars-sinai.org/health-library/diseases-and-conditions/l/lobular-carcinoma-in-situ-lcis.html

  Lobular carcinoma in situ (LCIS) is typically not noticeable on a mammogram. Often, the condition is discovered when a biopsy is performed on another area of concern. […] A specialist, known as a pathologist, will examine the tissue sample and determine if cancer is present.

• #16 Understanding Your Pathology Report: Lobular Carcinoma In Situ (LCIS) | American Cancer Society

  https://www.cancer.org/cancer/diagnosis-staging/tests/biopsy-and-cytology-tests/understanding-your-pathology-report/breast-pathology/lobular-carcinoma-in-situ.html

  The best way to treat LCIS found on a needle biopsy is not clear. […] Because LCIS increases a person’s risk of breast cancer later on, your doctor might talk to you about lifestyle changes and/or taking medicine to lower your risk of breast cancer. […] E-cadherin is a test that might be done to help determine if carcinoma in situ is ductal (DCIS) or lobular (LCIS). (The cells in LCIS are usually negative for E-cadherin.) If your report doesn’t mention E-cadherin, it means that this test wasn’t needed to make the distinction. […] These are special tests that might be done to help diagnose LCIS (or DCIS). Not all biopsy samples need these tests. Whether or not your report mentions these tests has no bearing on the accuracy of your diagnosis.

• #17 Lobular carcinoma in situ – patholines.org

  https://patholines.org/Lobular_carcinoma_in_situ

  Lobular carcinoma in situ (LCIS) typically display monomorphic, loosely cohesive, slightly enlarged and evenly spaced cells that fill acini. […] The main differential diagnosis is ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS). […] In DCIS, the cells are cohesive and have high grade atypia. […] LCIS typically fills smaller lobules rather than ducts, but DCIS can display lobular cancerization as shown at bottom of image. […] When unsure, perform immunohistochemistry for E-cadherin and p120: […] E-cadherin is negative in lobular carcinoma in situ (LCIS). […] p120 has a cytoplasmic staining in lobular carcinoma in situ (LCIS). […] Testing for hormone biomarkers is not needed for LCIS (in contrast to ductal carcinoma in situ where ER/PR is generally indicated). […] However, grading and staging is not applicable. (Margins of excision are not relevant)

• #18 Understanding Lobular Carcinoma In Situ (LCIS) | Breast Cancer Research Foundation

  https://www.bcrf.org/about-breast-cancer/lcis-lobular-carcinoma-in-situ/

  Lobular carcinoma in situ (LCIS): Its something most women have never heard ofa benign, invisible breast condition with no symptomsbut a diagnosis greatly increases your risk for breast cancer. […] LCIS is classified by its histological features, or the cellular characteristics that can be identified and observed under a microscope. […] LCIS is not generally thought to be a precursor to invasive breast cancer. They are more accepted as a marker of increased risk of invasive breast cancer, similar to age or family history. […] Despite both having lobular in the name, invasive lobular carcinoma and lobular carcinoma in situ (LCIS) are not the same. […] The average risk of a woman developing breast cancer in her lifetime is 12 percent. That risk increases to 20 to 30 percent if a woman has been diagnosed with LCIS.

• #19 Recommendations for Women With Lobular Carcinoma In Situ (LCIS)

  https://www.cancernetwork.com/view/recommendations-women-lobular-carcinoma-situ-lcis

  This article will review current management trends for women with classical lobular carcinoma in situ (LCIS). […] A diagnosis of LCIS remains one of the greatest identifiable risk factors for the subsequent development of breast cancer. […] Historically, LCIS has been considered a clinically occult lesion not associated with changes on physical examination or mammographic imaging; when identified, it was frequently found to be multicentric and bilateral. […] Criteria for diagnosis, later outlined by Page and Anderson, are as follows: (1) The characteristic and uniform cells must comprise the entire population of cells within the lobular unit. (2) All of the lobule must be filled with these cells (ie, no intercellular empty spaces between cells). (3) There must be distension and expansion of at least half of the acini in the lobular unit.

• #20 Recommendations for Women With Lobular Carcinoma In Situ (LCIS)

  https://www.cancernetwork.com/view/recommendations-women-lobular-carcinoma-situ-lcis

  This article will review current management trends for women with classical lobular carcinoma in situ (LCIS). […] A diagnosis of LCIS remains one of the greatest identifiable risk factors for the subsequent development of breast cancer. […] Historically, LCIS has been considered a clinically occult lesion not associated with changes on physical examination or mammographic imaging; when identified, it was frequently found to be multicentric and bilateral. […] Criteria for diagnosis, later outlined by Page and Anderson, are as follows: (1) The characteristic and uniform cells must comprise the entire population of cells within the lobular unit. (2) All of the lobule must be filled with these cells (ie, no intercellular empty spaces between cells). (3) There must be distension and expansion of at least half of the acini in the lobular unit.

• #21 Recommendations for Women With Lobular Carcinoma In Situ (LCIS)

  https://www.cancernetwork.com/view/recommendations-women-lobular-carcinoma-situ-lcis

  This article will review current management trends for women with classical lobular carcinoma in situ (LCIS). […] A diagnosis of LCIS remains one of the greatest identifiable risk factors for the subsequent development of breast cancer. […] Historically, LCIS has been considered a clinically occult lesion not associated with changes on physical examination or mammographic imaging; when identified, it was frequently found to be multicentric and bilateral. […] Criteria for diagnosis, later outlined by Page and Anderson, are as follows: (1) The characteristic and uniform cells must comprise the entire population of cells within the lobular unit. (2) All of the lobule must be filled with these cells (ie, no intercellular empty spaces between cells). (3) There must be distension and expansion of at least half of the acini in the lobular unit.

• #22 Recommendations for Women With Lobular Carcinoma In Situ (LCIS)

  https://www.cancernetwork.com/view/recommendations-women-lobular-carcinoma-situ-lcis

  This article will review current management trends for women with classical lobular carcinoma in situ (LCIS). […] A diagnosis of LCIS remains one of the greatest identifiable risk factors for the subsequent development of breast cancer. […] Historically, LCIS has been considered a clinically occult lesion not associated with changes on physical examination or mammographic imaging; when identified, it was frequently found to be multicentric and bilateral. […] Criteria for diagnosis, later outlined by Page and Anderson, are as follows: (1) The characteristic and uniform cells must comprise the entire population of cells within the lobular unit. (2) All of the lobule must be filled with these cells (ie, no intercellular empty spaces between cells). (3) There must be distension and expansion of at least half of the acini in the lobular unit.

• #23 Lobular carcinoma in situ – Wikipedia

  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lobular_carcinoma_in_situ

  Classically, LN, including LCIS, is characterized by enlargement and distension of acini making up the TDLU by proliferation of monomorphic, dyshesive, small, round, or polygonal cells with loss of polarity and inconspicuous cytoplasm. […] A diagnosis of LCIS requires more than half of the acini in an involved lobular unit to be filled with LN cells and the central lumen of the acini should not be visible. […] Lobular carcinoma in situ may mimic low grade Ductal Carcinoma In Situ histologically. […] Lobular carcinoma in situ is both a risk factor and precursor of invasive carcinoma. […] When lobular neoplasia, or specifically, LCIS, is found on core needle biopsy during routine workups, the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) recommends the surgeon perform an excisional biopsy of the region to allow pathologists to rule out concurrent DCIS or invasive cancer.

• #24 Lobular carcinoma in situ – Wikipedia

  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lobular_carcinoma_in_situ

  Classically, LN, including LCIS, is characterized by enlargement and distension of acini making up the TDLU by proliferation of monomorphic, dyshesive, small, round, or polygonal cells with loss of polarity and inconspicuous cytoplasm. […] A diagnosis of LCIS requires more than half of the acini in an involved lobular unit to be filled with LN cells and the central lumen of the acini should not be visible. […] Lobular carcinoma in situ may mimic low grade Ductal Carcinoma In Situ histologically. […] Lobular carcinoma in situ is both a risk factor and precursor of invasive carcinoma. […] When lobular neoplasia, or specifically, LCIS, is found on core needle biopsy during routine workups, the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) recommends the surgeon perform an excisional biopsy of the region to allow pathologists to rule out concurrent DCIS or invasive cancer.

• #25 Lobular Carcinoma in Situ (LCIS)

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/21791-lobular-carcinoma-in-situ-lcis

  Lobular carcinoma in situ (LCIS) is a rare breast condition. It causes abnormal cells in your lobules the glands in your breasts that produce breast milk. LCIS isnt breast cancer but it does increase the chance youll have breast cancer. […] Having LCIS doesnt mean you have a serious illness. But a diagnosis of LCIS does increase the chance that youll develop breast cancer later on. […] If test results show abnormal cells in your lobules, your healthcare provider may order another biopsy to find and remove any other abnormal cells. A pathologist will examine abnormal cells under a microscope to identify the type of LCIS that you have. […] Your treatment depends on the type of LCIS. For example, if you have classic LCIS, your healthcare provider may recommend active surveillance or preventive therapy. If you have pleomorphic or florid LCIS, you may need surgery.

• #26 Lobular Carcinoma in Situ of the Breast | Oncohema Key

  https://oncohemakey.com/lobular-carcinoma-in-situ-of-the-breast/

  Lobular carcinoma in situ (LCIS) exists as two main subtypes, classic and pleomorphic. […] LCIS is usually discovered incidentally during biopsy for another indication. […] The lifetime risk of invasive cancer is 8 to 10 times that seen among women without LCIS. […] When diagnosed on a core needle biopsy, current guidelines recommend consideration of diagnostic surgical excisional sampling for discordant pathology/imaging findings, extensive LCIS, and/or when associated with other atypical findings to eliminate the possibility of a missed malignancy. […] Observation alone without excision is being offered to increasing numbers of individuals with classic LCIS on core sampling deemed concordant with imaging findings. […] Such clinical presentations make bilateral mastectomy the only way to ensure removal of all of the LCIS present, an approach that is drastic for a risk factor lesion unless there are other compelling confounding breast cancer risk factors present.

• #27 Lobular Carcinoma in Situ | LCIS | American Cancer Society

  https://www.cancer.org/cancer/types/breast-cancer/non-cancerous-breast-conditions/lobular-carcinoma-in-situ.html

  Lobular carcinoma in situ (LCIS) is a type of breast change that is sometimes seen when a breast biopsy is done. In LCIS, cells that look like cancer cells are growing in the lining of the milk-producing glands (lobules) of the breast, but they dont invade through the wall of the lobules. […] Classic LCIS usually doesn’t cause a lump that can be felt or changes that can be seen on a mammogram, although pleomorphic and florid LCIS are sometimes found this way. Most often, LCIS is found when a breast biopsy is done for another problem thats nearby. (During a biopsy, small pieces of breast tissue are removed and checked in the lab.) […] Women with LCIS have about a 7 to 12 times higher risk of developing invasive cancer in either breast. For this reason, doctors typically recommend that women with LCIS have regular breast cancer screening tests and follow-up visits with a health care provider for the rest of their lives.

• #28 Lobular Carcinoma In Situ – PubMed

  https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29413653/

  Lobular carcinoma in situ (LCIS) is a risk factor and a nonobligate precursor of breast carcinoma. The relative risk of invasive carcinoma after classic LCIS diagnosis is approximately 9 to 10 times that of the general population. Classic LCIS diagnosed on core biopsy with concordant imaging and pathologic findings does not mandate surgical excision, and margin status is not reported. The identification of variant LCIS in a needle core biopsy specimen mandates surgical excision, regardless of radiologic-pathologic concordance. The presence of variant LCIS close to the surgical margin of a resection specimen is reported, and reexcision should be considered.

• #29 Lobular Carcinoma in Situ

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5841603/

  LCIS is both a risk factor and a non-obligate precursor of breast carcinoma. […] The relative risk of invasive carcinoma after a diagnosis of classic LCIS is approximately 9-10 times that of the general population. […] Classic LCIS diagnosed on core biopsy with concordant imaging and pathologic findings does not mandate surgical excision. […] Active surveillance and chemoprevention are management options for classic LCIS. […] The identification of variant LCIS, in a needle core biopsy specimen mandates surgical excision, regardless of radiologic-pathologic concordance. […] The presence of variant LCIS close to the surgical margin of a resection specimen is reported, and re-excision should be considered. […] The management of patients with variant LCIS and no invasive carcinoma upon excision is the subject of debate.

• #30 Lobular carcinoma in situ (LCIS) | Beacon Health System

  https://www.beaconhealthsystem.org/library/diseases-and-conditions/lobular-carcinoma-in-situ-lcis?content_id=CON-20374514

  Surgery may be recommended in certain situations. For instance, surgery is often recommended for a specific type of LCIS called pleomorphic lobular carcinoma in situ (PLCIS). This type of LCIS is thought to carry a greater risk of breast cancer than is the more common classical type. […] Preventive (prophylactic) mastectomy. This surgery removes both breasts not just the breast affected with LCIS to reduce your risk of developing invasive breast cancer.

• #31 Mayo Clinic Health Library – Lobular carcinoma in situ (LCIS) | Swiss Medical Network

  https://www.swissmedical.net/en/healtcare-library/con-20374514

  Surgery may be recommended in certain situations. For instance, surgery is often recommended for a specific type of LCIS called pleomorphic lobular carcinoma in situ (PLCIS). This type of LCIS is thought to carry a greater risk of breast cancer than is the more common classical type. […] If analysis of your biopsy confirms that you have PLCIS, your doctor will recommend surgery. Options may include an operation to remove the area of PLCIS (lumpectomy) or an operation to remove all of the breast tissue (mastectomy). […] Another option for treating LCIS is preventive (prophylactic) mastectomy. This surgery removes both breasts not just the breast affected with LCIS to reduce your risk of developing invasive breast cancer.

• #32 Lobular Carcinoma In Situ – PubMed

  https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29413653/

  Lobular carcinoma in situ (LCIS) is a risk factor and a nonobligate precursor of breast carcinoma. The relative risk of invasive carcinoma after classic LCIS diagnosis is approximately 9 to 10 times that of the general population. Classic LCIS diagnosed on core biopsy with concordant imaging and pathologic findings does not mandate surgical excision, and margin status is not reported. The identification of variant LCIS in a needle core biopsy specimen mandates surgical excision, regardless of radiologic-pathologic concordance. The presence of variant LCIS close to the surgical margin of a resection specimen is reported, and reexcision should be considered.

• #33 Lobular Carcinoma in Situ

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5841603/

  LCIS is both a risk factor and a non-obligate precursor of breast carcinoma. […] The relative risk of invasive carcinoma after a diagnosis of classic LCIS is approximately 9-10 times that of the general population. […] Classic LCIS diagnosed on core biopsy with concordant imaging and pathologic findings does not mandate surgical excision. […] Active surveillance and chemoprevention are management options for classic LCIS. […] The identification of variant LCIS, in a needle core biopsy specimen mandates surgical excision, regardless of radiologic-pathologic concordance. […] The presence of variant LCIS close to the surgical margin of a resection specimen is reported, and re-excision should be considered. […] The management of patients with variant LCIS and no invasive carcinoma upon excision is the subject of debate.

• #34 Lobular Carcinoma In Situ – PubMed

  https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29413653/

  Lobular carcinoma in situ (LCIS) is a risk factor and a nonobligate precursor of breast carcinoma. The relative risk of invasive carcinoma after classic LCIS diagnosis is approximately 9 to 10 times that of the general population. Classic LCIS diagnosed on core biopsy with concordant imaging and pathologic findings does not mandate surgical excision, and margin status is not reported. The identification of variant LCIS in a needle core biopsy specimen mandates surgical excision, regardless of radiologic-pathologic concordance. The presence of variant LCIS close to the surgical margin of a resection specimen is reported, and reexcision should be considered.

• #35 Lobular Carcinoma in Situ | LCIS | American Cancer Society

  https://www.cancer.org/cancer/types/breast-cancer/non-cancerous-breast-conditions/lobular-carcinoma-in-situ.html

  Lobular carcinoma in situ (LCIS) is a type of breast change that is sometimes seen when a breast biopsy is done. In LCIS, cells that look like cancer cells are growing in the lining of the milk-producing glands (lobules) of the breast, but they dont invade through the wall of the lobules. […] Classic LCIS usually doesn’t cause a lump that can be felt or changes that can be seen on a mammogram, although pleomorphic and florid LCIS are sometimes found this way. Most often, LCIS is found when a breast biopsy is done for another problem thats nearby. (During a biopsy, small pieces of breast tissue are removed and checked in the lab.) […] Women with LCIS have about a 7 to 12 times higher risk of developing invasive cancer in either breast. For this reason, doctors typically recommend that women with LCIS have regular breast cancer screening tests and follow-up visits with a health care provider for the rest of their lives.

• #36

  https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s12609-021-00415-1

  The latest 8th edition of the TNM staging by AJCC (the American Joint Committee on Cancer) does not recognise LCIS, nor its variants, as in situ carcinoma and these lesions are no longer staged as pTis. […] Management of LCIS and variants should be centred on clinicopathological correlation and discussion at the multidisciplinary/tumour board meetings. […] Complete excision of the lesion is required following the diagnosis of PLCIS. This is also recommended for the management of florid LCIS in view of the current evidence supporting the association with more advanced lesions.

• #37

  https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s12609-021-00415-1

  Lobular carcinoma in situ (LCIS) encompasses classical LCIS and other rarer and more recently recognised variants, namely pleomorphic LCIS (PLCIS) and florid LCIS. Each of those entities has characteristic histological diagnostic criteria, different rates of underestimation of malignancy and recommended management. […] Accurate diagnosis of those lesions is critical to ensuring the appropriate patient management. […] The diagnosis of LCIS can pose diagnostic challenges to the practising pathologist as the lesion can mimic a number of benign and malignant breast lesions or get misdiagnosed as ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS). […] The diagnosis of lobular neoplasia remains morphological with immunohistochemistry used as a supporting test particularly to differentiate variant LCIS from DCIS.

• #38 Lobular carcinoma in situ – patholines.org

  https://patholines.org/Lobular_carcinoma_in_situ

  Lobular carcinoma in situ (LCIS) typically display monomorphic, loosely cohesive, slightly enlarged and evenly spaced cells that fill acini. […] The main differential diagnosis is ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS). […] In DCIS, the cells are cohesive and have high grade atypia. […] LCIS typically fills smaller lobules rather than ducts, but DCIS can display lobular cancerization as shown at bottom of image. […] When unsure, perform immunohistochemistry for E-cadherin and p120: […] E-cadherin is negative in lobular carcinoma in situ (LCIS). […] p120 has a cytoplasmic staining in lobular carcinoma in situ (LCIS). […] Testing for hormone biomarkers is not needed for LCIS (in contrast to ductal carcinoma in situ where ER/PR is generally indicated). […] However, grading and staging is not applicable. (Margins of excision are not relevant)

• #39 Lobular carcinoma in situ – Wikipedia

  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lobular_carcinoma_in_situ

  Classically, LN, including LCIS, is characterized by enlargement and distension of acini making up the TDLU by proliferation of monomorphic, dyshesive, small, round, or polygonal cells with loss of polarity and inconspicuous cytoplasm. […] A diagnosis of LCIS requires more than half of the acini in an involved lobular unit to be filled with LN cells and the central lumen of the acini should not be visible. […] Lobular carcinoma in situ may mimic low grade Ductal Carcinoma In Situ histologically. […] Lobular carcinoma in situ is both a risk factor and precursor of invasive carcinoma. […] When lobular neoplasia, or specifically, LCIS, is found on core needle biopsy during routine workups, the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) recommends the surgeon perform an excisional biopsy of the region to allow pathologists to rule out concurrent DCIS or invasive cancer.

• #40 Lobular Carcinoma in Situ (LCIS)

  https://info.iowaradiology.com/lobular-carcinoma-in-situ-lcis

  Lobular carcinoma in situ (LCIS) describes the growth of abnormal cells in the breast lobules, the milk-producing glands at the ends of the milk ducts. In situ means that the abnormal cells are contained in their original place and have not invaded the surrounding tissue. […] Unlike ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS), LCIS is not considered true breast cancer. Rather, it is a condition that is associated with an increased risk of developing breast cancer in the future. […] When LCIS is diagnosed, its usually a result of a biopsy investigating another breast condition in the vicinity of the abnormal cells. […] Under a microscope, LCIS can look much like DCIS. Both are described as stage 0, meaning that the abnormality has not spread beyond the original site. […] LCIS is most often diagnosed before menopause, between the ages of 40 and 50. […] More than half of patients are found to have abnormal cells in more than one lobule (called multifocal LCIS), and in about one third of LCIS patients, both breasts are affected.

• #41 Understanding Your Pathology Report: Lobular Carcinoma In Situ (LCIS) | American Cancer Society

  https://www.cancer.org/cancer/diagnosis-staging/tests/biopsy-and-cytology-tests/understanding-your-pathology-report/breast-pathology/lobular-carcinoma-in-situ.html

  The best way to treat LCIS found on a needle biopsy is not clear. […] Because LCIS increases a person’s risk of breast cancer later on, your doctor might talk to you about lifestyle changes and/or taking medicine to lower your risk of breast cancer. […] E-cadherin is a test that might be done to help determine if carcinoma in situ is ductal (DCIS) or lobular (LCIS). (The cells in LCIS are usually negative for E-cadherin.) If your report doesn’t mention E-cadherin, it means that this test wasn’t needed to make the distinction. […] These are special tests that might be done to help diagnose LCIS (or DCIS). Not all biopsy samples need these tests. Whether or not your report mentions these tests has no bearing on the accuracy of your diagnosis.

• #42 Lobular carcinoma in situ – patholines.org

  https://patholines.org/Lobular_carcinoma_in_situ

  Lobular carcinoma in situ (LCIS) typically display monomorphic, loosely cohesive, slightly enlarged and evenly spaced cells that fill acini. […] The main differential diagnosis is ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS). […] In DCIS, the cells are cohesive and have high grade atypia. […] LCIS typically fills smaller lobules rather than ducts, but DCIS can display lobular cancerization as shown at bottom of image. […] When unsure, perform immunohistochemistry for E-cadherin and p120: […] E-cadherin is negative in lobular carcinoma in situ (LCIS). […] p120 has a cytoplasmic staining in lobular carcinoma in situ (LCIS). […] Testing for hormone biomarkers is not needed for LCIS (in contrast to ductal carcinoma in situ where ER/PR is generally indicated). […] However, grading and staging is not applicable. (Margins of excision are not relevant)

• #43 Lobular carcinoma in situ – patholines.org

  https://patholines.org/Lobular_carcinoma_in_situ

  Lobular carcinoma in situ (LCIS) typically display monomorphic, loosely cohesive, slightly enlarged and evenly spaced cells that fill acini. […] The main differential diagnosis is ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS). […] In DCIS, the cells are cohesive and have high grade atypia. […] LCIS typically fills smaller lobules rather than ducts, but DCIS can display lobular cancerization as shown at bottom of image. […] When unsure, perform immunohistochemistry for E-cadherin and p120: […] E-cadherin is negative in lobular carcinoma in situ (LCIS). […] p120 has a cytoplasmic staining in lobular carcinoma in situ (LCIS). […] Testing for hormone biomarkers is not needed for LCIS (in contrast to ductal carcinoma in situ where ER/PR is generally indicated). […] However, grading and staging is not applicable. (Margins of excision are not relevant)

• #44 Understanding Your Pathology Report: Lobular Carcinoma In Situ (LCIS) | American Cancer Society

  https://www.cancer.org/cancer/diagnosis-staging/tests/biopsy-and-cytology-tests/understanding-your-pathology-report/breast-pathology/lobular-carcinoma-in-situ.html

  The best way to treat LCIS found on a needle biopsy is not clear. […] Because LCIS increases a person’s risk of breast cancer later on, your doctor might talk to you about lifestyle changes and/or taking medicine to lower your risk of breast cancer. […] E-cadherin is a test that might be done to help determine if carcinoma in situ is ductal (DCIS) or lobular (LCIS). (The cells in LCIS are usually negative for E-cadherin.) If your report doesn’t mention E-cadherin, it means that this test wasn’t needed to make the distinction. […] These are special tests that might be done to help diagnose LCIS (or DCIS). Not all biopsy samples need these tests. Whether or not your report mentions these tests has no bearing on the accuracy of your diagnosis.

• #45 Lobular carcinoma in situ | Radiology Reference Article | Radiopaedia.org

  https://radiopaedia.org/articles/lobular-carcinoma-in-situ?lang=us

  Lobular carcinoma in situ (LCIS) represents the next step up from atypical lobular hyperplasia (ALH) along the malignant spectrum of lobular breast carcinoma. […] Lobular carcinoma in situ is usually incidentally-identified histologically in breast tissue biopsied for other reasons. The exception may be pleomorphic LCIS which is a more aggressive subtype which may be associated with mammographically-detectable calcifications. […] Lobular carcinoma in situ is a high-risk marker for the future development of invasive carcinoma. A woman with LCIS has approximately a 15-30% chance of developing an infiltrating ductal or lobular carcinoma in the breast in which the LCIS is discovered or in the contralateral breast. […] Approximately 20% (range 18-25%) of cases diagnosed with LCIS at core needle biopsy were upgraded to more invasive cancer pathologies at surgical excision. Therefore when LCIS is discovered on a needle biopsy specimen, an excisional biopsy should be performed.

• #46 The diagnosis and management of pre-invasive breast disease: Pathology of atypical lobular hyperplasia and lobular carcinoma in situ | Breast Cancer Research | Full Text

  https://breast-cancer-research.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/bcr624

  Thus, although LN is a helpful term for describing these lesions collectively, classification into ALH and LCIS might still be justified, or preferable for risk stratification and management decisions. […] The time taken to develop invasive cancer after diagnosis of LCIS is unclear. […] Evidence for the role of LCIS as a precursor for invasive lobular carcinoma is supported by the epidemiological data outlined above, the morphological similarity between cells of ALH/LCIS and lobular carcinoma and the development of tumours in regions localised to ALH/LCIS. […] It is hoped that the application of microdissection techniques and recently developed molecular technology will hold the key to our future understanding of LN.

• #47 Understanding Your Pathology Report: Lobular Carcinoma In Situ (LCIS) | American Cancer Society

  https://www.cancer.org/cancer/diagnosis-staging/tests/biopsy-and-cytology-tests/understanding-your-pathology-report/breast-pathology/lobular-carcinoma-in-situ.html

  When biopsy samples are collected from your breast, they are studied by a doctor with special training, called a pathologist. After testing the samples, the pathologist creates a report on what was found. Your doctors can use this report to help manage your care. […] Lobular carcinoma in situ (LCIS) is a type of in-situ carcinoma of the breast. While DCIS is considered a pre-cancer, it is unclear whether LCIS is a pre-cancer or if it’s just a general risk factor for developing breast cancer. This is because LCIS rarely seems to turn into invasive cancer if it’s left untreated. Having LCIS does increase a person’s risk of getting breast cancer, but the cancer occurs just as often in the opposite breast (the one without any LCIS). Because it isn’t clear if LCIS is a pre-cancer, many doctors prefer to use the term lobular neoplasia instead of lobular carcinoma in situ.

• #48 Lobular carcinoma in situ (LCIS) – Symptoms & causes – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/lobular-carcinoma-in-situ/symptoms-causes/syc-20374529

  Lobular carcinoma in situ (LCIS) is an uncommon condition in which abnormal cells form in the milk glands (lobules) in the breast. Lobular carcinoma in situ (LCIS) isn’t cancer. But being diagnosed with LCIS indicates that you have an increased risk of developing breast cancer. […] LCIS usually doesn’t show up on mammograms. The condition is most often discovered as a result of a breast biopsy done for another reason, such as a suspicious breast lump or an abnormal mammogram. […] Women with LCIS have an increased risk of developing invasive breast cancer in either breast. If you’re diagnosed with LCIS, your doctor may recommend increased breast cancer screening and may ask you to consider medical treatments to reduce your risk of developing invasive breast cancer. […] If LCIS is detected in a breast biopsy, it doesn’t mean that you have cancer. But having LCIS increases your risk of breast cancer and makes it more likely that you may develop invasive breast cancer.

• #49 Lobular Carcinoma in Situ | LCIS | American Cancer Society

  https://www.cancer.org/cancer/types/breast-cancer/non-cancerous-breast-conditions/lobular-carcinoma-in-situ.html

  Lobular carcinoma in situ (LCIS) is a type of breast change that is sometimes seen when a breast biopsy is done. In LCIS, cells that look like cancer cells are growing in the lining of the milk-producing glands (lobules) of the breast, but they dont invade through the wall of the lobules. […] Classic LCIS usually doesn’t cause a lump that can be felt or changes that can be seen on a mammogram, although pleomorphic and florid LCIS are sometimes found this way. Most often, LCIS is found when a breast biopsy is done for another problem thats nearby. (During a biopsy, small pieces of breast tissue are removed and checked in the lab.) […] Women with LCIS have about a 7 to 12 times higher risk of developing invasive cancer in either breast. For this reason, doctors typically recommend that women with LCIS have regular breast cancer screening tests and follow-up visits with a health care provider for the rest of their lives.

• #50 Ductal & Lobular Carcinoma In Situ: Are They Breast Cancer?

  https://www.rockymountaincancercenters.com/blog/ductal-lobular-carcinoma-in-situ-are-they-breast-cancer

  The short answer is yes, your likelihood of developing invasive cancer later in life goes up with both DCIS and LCIS. […] The American Cancer Society estimates that women with LCIS are 7 to 12 times more likely to develop invasive cancer in either breast compared to the average population. […] After surgery, most women dont need to do much other than closely monitor for any health changes. […] Because LCIS increases your risk of developing invasive breast cancer, youll want to take steps to reduce your risk and closely monitor your health. Your doctor may recommend taking the hormonal therapy tamoxifen for 5 years to lower your risk. It is also recommended that you undergo yearly mammograms and physical exams. Your doctor might also recommend additional screening images, such as a breast MRI or an ultrasound.

• #51 Lobular carcinoma in situ (LCIS) – Symptoms & causes – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/lobular-carcinoma-in-situ/symptoms-causes/syc-20374529

  The risk of breast cancer in women diagnosed with LCIS is thought to be approximately 20 percent. Put another way, for every 100 women diagnosed with LCIS, 20 will be diagnosed with breast cancer and 80 won’t be diagnosed with breast cancer. The risk of developing breast cancer for women in general is thought to be 12 percent. Put another way, for every 100 women in the general population, 12 will be diagnosed with breast cancer. […] Your individual risk of breast cancer is based on many factors. Talk to your doctor to better understand your personal risk of breast cancer.

• #52 Lobular carcinoma in situ (LCIS) // Middlesex Health

  https://middlesexhealth.org/learning-center/diseases-and-conditions/lobular-carcinoma-in-situ-lcis

  Lobular carcinoma in situ (LCIS) may be present in one or both breasts, but it usually isn’t visible on a mammogram. The condition is most often diagnosed as an incidental finding when you have a biopsy done to evaluate some other area of concern in your breast. […] The tissue removed during your biopsy is sent to a laboratory where doctors that specialize in analyzing blood and body tissues (pathologists) closely examine the cells to determine if you have LCIS. […] If LCIS is detected in a breast biopsy, it doesn’t mean that you have cancer. But having LCIS increases your risk of breast cancer and makes it more likely that you may develop invasive breast cancer. […] The risk of breast cancer in women diagnosed with LCIS is thought to be approximately 20 percent. […] Your individual risk of breast cancer is based on many factors. Talk to your doctor to better understand your personal risk of breast cancer.

• #53 Molecular drivers of lobular carcinoma in situ | Breast Cancer Research | Full Text

  https://breast-cancer-research.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s13058-015-0580-5

  Lobular carcinoma in situ (LCIS) is considered to be a risk factor for the development of invasive breast carcinoma, but it may also be a non-obligate precursor to invasive lobular carcinoma (ILC). […] Currently, no diagnostic tools exist which can reliably predict if a woman will subsequently develop IBC after diagnosis of LCIS. […] The most well-studied characteristic of LN is loss of E-cadherin, and this is clinically used to differentiate lobular from ductal lesions. […] The likelihood of developing IBC increases by about 1 % every year after LCIS diagnosis – with a 13 % risk after 10 years and a 21 to 26 % risk after 20 years. […] The expression of nuclear receptors – especially ER – can be used to predict clinical outcome of tumors; 80 to 100 % of LCIS cases express ER, most of which show moderate to strong immunoreactivity by immunohistochemistry.

• #54 Lobular carcinoma in situ (LCIS) – Symptoms & causes – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/lobular-carcinoma-in-situ/symptoms-causes/syc-20374529

  The risk of breast cancer in women diagnosed with LCIS is thought to be approximately 20 percent. Put another way, for every 100 women diagnosed with LCIS, 20 will be diagnosed with breast cancer and 80 won’t be diagnosed with breast cancer. The risk of developing breast cancer for women in general is thought to be 12 percent. Put another way, for every 100 women in the general population, 12 will be diagnosed with breast cancer. […] Your individual risk of breast cancer is based on many factors. Talk to your doctor to better understand your personal risk of breast cancer.

• #55 Lobular Carcinoma in Situ | LCIS | American Cancer Society

  https://www.cancer.org/cancer/types/breast-cancer/non-cancerous-breast-conditions/lobular-carcinoma-in-situ.html

  Having LCIS does increase your risk of developing invasive breast cancer later on. But since LCIS is not a true cancer or pre-cancer, often no treatment is needed after the biopsy. […] Close follow-up is important because women with LCIS have the same increased risk of developing cancer in both breasts. Women should also talk to a health care provider about what they can do to help reduce their breast cancer risk. Options for women at high risk of breast cancer because of LCIS may include: Seeing a health care provider more often (such as every 6 to 12 months) for a breast exam along with the yearly mammogram. Additional imaging with breast MRI may also be recommended, especially if a woman has other factors that raise her risk of breast cancer.

• #56 Lobular Carcinoma in Situ (LCIS) | Susan G. Komen®

  https://www.komen.org/breast-cancer/risk-factor/lobular-carcinoma-in-situ/

  When abnormal cells grow inside the breast lobules, but have not spread to nearby tissue or beyond, the condition is called lobular carcinoma in situ (LCIS). […] Although the term LCIS includes the word carcinoma, LCIS is not cancer. […] Most cases of LCIS occur before menopause. The average age at diagnosis is 44-46 years. […] Women with LCIS have an increased risk of invasive breast cancer. […] Compared to women without LCIS, those with LCIS are 7-11 times more likely to develop invasive cancer in either breast (the breast with LCIS or the opposite breast). […] Women diagnosed with LCIS have about a 10% chance of developing ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) or invasive breast cancer in 10 years. […] Women with LCIS can develop invasive lobular cancer or invasive ductal cancer. […] In the past, LCIS was not considered to be a precursor (a condition that can develop into) to breast cancer. However, some studies show LCIS may develop into invasive lobular cancer (invasive breast cancer that begins in the lobules).

• #57 Lobular Carcinoma in Situ (LCIS) | Susan G. Komen®

  https://www.komen.org/breast-cancer/risk-factor/lobular-carcinoma-in-situ/

  When abnormal cells grow inside the breast lobules, but have not spread to nearby tissue or beyond, the condition is called lobular carcinoma in situ (LCIS). […] Although the term LCIS includes the word carcinoma, LCIS is not cancer. […] Most cases of LCIS occur before menopause. The average age at diagnosis is 44-46 years. […] Women with LCIS have an increased risk of invasive breast cancer. […] Compared to women without LCIS, those with LCIS are 7-11 times more likely to develop invasive cancer in either breast (the breast with LCIS or the opposite breast). […] Women diagnosed with LCIS have about a 10% chance of developing ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) or invasive breast cancer in 10 years. […] Women with LCIS can develop invasive lobular cancer or invasive ductal cancer. […] In the past, LCIS was not considered to be a precursor (a condition that can develop into) to breast cancer. However, some studies show LCIS may develop into invasive lobular cancer (invasive breast cancer that begins in the lobules).

• #58 Lobular carcinoma in situ (LCIS) – Symptoms & causes – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/lobular-carcinoma-in-situ/symptoms-causes/syc-20374529

  The risk of breast cancer in women diagnosed with LCIS is thought to be approximately 20 percent. Put another way, for every 100 women diagnosed with LCIS, 20 will be diagnosed with breast cancer and 80 won’t be diagnosed with breast cancer. The risk of developing breast cancer for women in general is thought to be 12 percent. Put another way, for every 100 women in the general population, 12 will be diagnosed with breast cancer. […] Your individual risk of breast cancer is based on many factors. Talk to your doctor to better understand your personal risk of breast cancer.

• #59 Lobular Carcinoma in Situ (LCIS) | Susan G. Komen®

  https://www.komen.org/breast-cancer/risk-factor/lobular-carcinoma-in-situ/

  When abnormal cells grow inside the breast lobules, but have not spread to nearby tissue or beyond, the condition is called lobular carcinoma in situ (LCIS). […] Although the term LCIS includes the word carcinoma, LCIS is not cancer. […] Most cases of LCIS occur before menopause. The average age at diagnosis is 44-46 years. […] Women with LCIS have an increased risk of invasive breast cancer. […] Compared to women without LCIS, those with LCIS are 7-11 times more likely to develop invasive cancer in either breast (the breast with LCIS or the opposite breast). […] Women diagnosed with LCIS have about a 10% chance of developing ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) or invasive breast cancer in 10 years. […] Women with LCIS can develop invasive lobular cancer or invasive ductal cancer. […] In the past, LCIS was not considered to be a precursor (a condition that can develop into) to breast cancer. However, some studies show LCIS may develop into invasive lobular cancer (invasive breast cancer that begins in the lobules).

• #60 Lobular Carcinoma in Situ (LCIS) – Tower Love Fund – Breast Cancer Explained

  https://www.towercancer.org/resource/lobular-carcinoma-in-situ-lcis/

  Another option is to take tamoxifen or raloxifene (Evista) for five years to reduce your risk of developing breast cancer. […] The most drastic option is bilateral prophylactic mastectomy. […] If you have a family history of breast cancer in addition to LCIS and you want to understand more about whether your family history may contribute to your breast cancer risk, you should make an appointment with a genetic counselor to discuss testing for the hereditary breast cancer gene mutations, called BRCA1 and BRCA2, which put women at higher risk for breast and ovarian cancer. […] If you decide to have genetic testing and are found to carry a BRCA genetic mutation, it may influence your treatment decisions. […] The most important thing to remember is that a diagnosis of LCIS is not an emergency and you should give yourself time to figure out what to do.

• #61 Lobular carcinoma in situ (LCIS) | Cancer Research UK

  https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/about-cancer/breast-cancer/types/lobular-carcinoma-in-situ-lcis

  LCIS doesn’t usually show up on breast x-rays (mammograms), and it normally doesn’t cause symptoms. It’s often diagnosed by chance during tests for other breast conditions, such as a biopsy. […] Please note that there is a type of breast cancer called invasive lobular breast cancer and this is different to LCIS. […] Research has focused on trying to find genetic changes that might increase the risk of developing LCIS. Trials have shown that some of the known genetic changes that increase the risk of breast cancer, also increase the risk of developing LCIS. […] The IBIS 2 prevention trial followed post menopausal women who took the hormone therapy, anastrozole (Arimidex), for 5 years. This included some women with LCIS. Results showed that taking hormone therapy for 5 years did reduce the risk of developing breast cancer if you are at high risk of developing it.

• #62 Lobular Carcinoma In Situ (LCIS): An Extensive Overview – BeatCancer

  https://beatcancer.eu/lobular-carcinoma-in-situ-lcis/

  Lobular carcinoma in situ (LCIS) is a condition that indicates the presence of abnormal cells in the lobules of the breast. […] Although LCIS itself is not breast cancer, it is considered a marker of increased risk of developing invasive breast cancer in either breast in the future. […] The diagnosis of LCIS is confirmed via breast biopsy, either a core needle biopsy or a surgical biopsy. […] If LCIS is detected, additional tests may be required to rule out invasive cancer. […] LCIS itself is not breast cancer, but an indicator of an increased risk of developing invasive breast cancer in either breast in the future. […] LCIS is not an invasive cancer, and therefore survival rates are normal. However, it is an indicator of an increased risk of developing invasive breast cancer in the future. Early detection and proactive treatment significantly improve the prognosis. […] While its not explicitly clear, some studies have identified factors including age, family history of breast cancer, and hormone replacement therapy as increasing the risk.

• #63 Lobular Carcinoma in Situ: Symptoms, Causes, Treatment | Qwark

  https://qwarkhealth.com/conditions/lobular-carcinoma-in-situ

  Management options for LCIS include close monitoring, medication, and surgery. […] Close monitoring involves regular breast exams, mammograms, and MRIs to track any changes. […] Medications such as Tamoxifen, raloxifene, and aromatase inhibitors may be used to treat LCIS. […] Surgery may be recommended for women with LCIS who have a high risk of developing breast cancer. […] Yes, women who have undergone treatment for LCIS are advised to have regular follow-up appointments with their doctor. […] The typical prognosis for Lobular Carcinoma in Situ (LCIS) is excellent. […] LCIS itself does not usually develop into invasive cancer. […] The prognosis of LCIS may differ between premenopausal and postmenopausal women. […] The common factors that affect the prognosis of LCIS include the patient`s age, family history of breast cancer, the type of LCIS, the presence of other risk factors such as obesity or a history of benign breast disease, and the use of hormone replacement therapy.

• #64 Lobular carcinoma in situ (LCIS) | Cancer Research UK

  https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/about-cancer/breast-cancer/types/lobular-carcinoma-in-situ-lcis

  LCIS doesn’t usually show up on breast x-rays (mammograms), and it normally doesn’t cause symptoms. It’s often diagnosed by chance during tests for other breast conditions, such as a biopsy. […] Please note that there is a type of breast cancer called invasive lobular breast cancer and this is different to LCIS. […] Research has focused on trying to find genetic changes that might increase the risk of developing LCIS. Trials have shown that some of the known genetic changes that increase the risk of breast cancer, also increase the risk of developing LCIS. […] The IBIS 2 prevention trial followed post menopausal women who took the hormone therapy, anastrozole (Arimidex), for 5 years. This included some women with LCIS. Results showed that taking hormone therapy for 5 years did reduce the risk of developing breast cancer if you are at high risk of developing it.

• #65 Lobular Carcinoma in Situ: Symptoms, Causes, Treatment | Qwark

  https://qwarkhealth.com/conditions/lobular-carcinoma-in-situ

  Lobular Carcinoma in Situ (LCIS) is a condition that occurs when abnormal cells are present in the milk-producing glands of a woman`s breast. […] Women with LCIS are often advised to undergo more frequent mammograms, breast exams, and other cancer screening tests to detect any changes in their breast tissue. […] The diagnostic test commonly used to detect lobular carcinoma in situ (LCIS) is a breast biopsy. […] LCIS is usually diagnosed on breast imaging through mammography, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), or ultrasound. […] Breast biopsy is the only reliable method to confirm whether or not LCIS is present. […] Yes, a breast biopsy can confirm the presence of LCIS. […] Genetic testing is not routinely recommended for individuals with LCIS. […] The follow-up imaging tests recommended for patients with LCIS typically depend on a number of factors, including the patient`s age, family history of breast cancer, and personal medical history.

• #66 Lobular carcinoma in situ (LCIS) – Symptoms & causes – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/lobular-carcinoma-in-situ/symptoms-causes/syc-20374529

  Lobular carcinoma in situ (LCIS) is an uncommon condition in which abnormal cells form in the milk glands (lobules) in the breast. Lobular carcinoma in situ (LCIS) isn’t cancer. But being diagnosed with LCIS indicates that you have an increased risk of developing breast cancer. […] LCIS usually doesn’t show up on mammograms. The condition is most often discovered as a result of a breast biopsy done for another reason, such as a suspicious breast lump or an abnormal mammogram. […] Women with LCIS have an increased risk of developing invasive breast cancer in either breast. If you’re diagnosed with LCIS, your doctor may recommend increased breast cancer screening and may ask you to consider medical treatments to reduce your risk of developing invasive breast cancer. […] If LCIS is detected in a breast biopsy, it doesn’t mean that you have cancer. But having LCIS increases your risk of breast cancer and makes it more likely that you may develop invasive breast cancer.

• #67 Lobular Carcinoma In Situ LCIS | Tampa General Hospital

  https://www.tgh.org/institutes-and-services/conditions/lobular-carcinoma-in-situ-lcis

  Lobular carcinoma in situ (LCIS) is a relatively uncommon condition in which abnormal cells develop in the milk-producing glands (lobules) of a breast. […] Lobular carcinoma in situ does not produce noticeable symptoms or mammogram features. The unusual pattern of cell growth can only be seen during the microscopic evaluation of the breast tissue. […] Usually, lobular carcinoma in situ is diagnosed with a needle biopsy, which may be performed with real-time imaging guidance. After numbing the breast area, a physician inserts a fine, hollow needle and removes a small sample of breast tissue. The sample is then sent to a lab, where a pathologist uses a microscope to examine the cell characteristics in detail. […] After confirming a diagnosis of lobular carcinoma in situ, a physician may recommend more frequent breast cancer screenings, including clinical breast examinations and mammograms, and possibly prescribe a medication such as tamoxifen to help prevent the abnormal cells from transitioning into cancer.

• #68 Lobular Carcinoma in Situ | LCIS | American Cancer Society

  https://www.cancer.org/cancer/types/breast-cancer/non-cancerous-breast-conditions/lobular-carcinoma-in-situ.html

  Lobular carcinoma in situ (LCIS) is a type of breast change that is sometimes seen when a breast biopsy is done. In LCIS, cells that look like cancer cells are growing in the lining of the milk-producing glands (lobules) of the breast, but they dont invade through the wall of the lobules. […] Classic LCIS usually doesn’t cause a lump that can be felt or changes that can be seen on a mammogram, although pleomorphic and florid LCIS are sometimes found this way. Most often, LCIS is found when a breast biopsy is done for another problem thats nearby. (During a biopsy, small pieces of breast tissue are removed and checked in the lab.) […] Women with LCIS have about a 7 to 12 times higher risk of developing invasive cancer in either breast. For this reason, doctors typically recommend that women with LCIS have regular breast cancer screening tests and follow-up visits with a health care provider for the rest of their lives.

• #69 What is invasive lobular carcinoma? | MD Anderson Cancer Center

  https://www.mdanderson.org/cancerwise/What-is-invasive-lobular-carcinoma-8-insights-on-lobular-breast-cancer.h00-159539745.html

  Lobular breast cancer accounts for only 10% of breast cancer cases in the United States. […] However, 40,000 women will face a lobular breast cancer diagnosis this year. […] Because of the number of diagnoses each year, Mouabbi says its important to conduct studies devoted to the subtype to improve care. It needs to have more attention so we can find better screening, better detection and better therapies, Mouabbi says. […] The best screening approach is a breast MRI, which isnt standard of care. […] Until MRI becomes more widely used, Im afraid that lobular cancer is going to be underdetected, Mouabbi says. […] With LCIS, the abnormal cells grow inside the lobule, but because theyre contained, its considered premalignant. […] But patients often arent aware that LCIS spots increase their risk of lobular breast cancer in both breasts, Mouabbi says.

• #70 Lobular Breast Cancer And LCIS Characteristics | Food for Breast Cancer

  https://foodforbreastcancer.com/articles/lobular-breast-cancer-and-lcis-characteristics

  Lobular breast cancer is less visible on mammograms, sonograms and breast MRIs than ductal breast cancer because the cancer cells infiltrate between normal cells in a very regular manner. […] Some researchers have recommended that an MRI of both breasts be performed when lobular breast cancer is diagnosed based on a biopsy in order to find other tumors that might be present.

• #71 Lobular Breast Cancer And LCIS Characteristics | Food for Breast Cancer

  https://foodforbreastcancer.com/articles/lobular-breast-cancer-and-lcis-characteristics

  Lobular breast cancer is less visible on mammograms, sonograms and breast MRIs than ductal breast cancer because the cancer cells infiltrate between normal cells in a very regular manner. […] Some researchers have recommended that an MRI of both breasts be performed when lobular breast cancer is diagnosed based on a biopsy in order to find other tumors that might be present.

• #72

  https://www.advocatehealth.com/health-services/cancer-institute/cancers-we-treat/breast-cancer/lobular-carcinoma-in-situ

  Lobular carcinoma in situ (LCIS) is a noncancerous condition where abnormal cells form in the milk ducts of the breast. While LCIS isn’t cancer, it is a risk factor for developing breast cancer. […] Diagnosing LCIS can be tricky since it typically doesn’t cause symptoms. Instead, it’s often discovered during a biopsy or mammogram. Any abnormalities seen on a mammogram will be further evaluated with a core needle biopsy. […] A core needle breast biopsy removes a small tissue sample through a thin, hollow needle from the area where an abnormality was seen on a mammogram. A pathologist will then determine whether the tissue is benign or cancerous to confirm a diagnosis of LCIS.

• #73

  https://www.aurorahealthcare.org/services/cancer/breast-cancer/lobular-carcinoma-in-situ

  Diagnosing LCIS poses a challenge since it doesn’t show any symptoms. When abnormalities are found on a mammogram, a LCIS diagnosis is confirmed through a core needle breast biopsy. […] During a core needle breast biopsy, a small tissue sample is removed with a thin, hollow needle from the area where the abnormal cells were identified. A pathologist will look at the tissue to confirm a diagnosis of LCIS.

• #74 Lobular Carcinoma In Situ LCIS | Tampa General Hospital

  https://www.tgh.org/institutes-and-services/conditions/lobular-carcinoma-in-situ-lcis

  Lobular carcinoma in situ (LCIS) is a relatively uncommon condition in which abnormal cells develop in the milk-producing glands (lobules) of a breast. […] Lobular carcinoma in situ does not produce noticeable symptoms or mammogram features. The unusual pattern of cell growth can only be seen during the microscopic evaluation of the breast tissue. […] Usually, lobular carcinoma in situ is diagnosed with a needle biopsy, which may be performed with real-time imaging guidance. After numbing the breast area, a physician inserts a fine, hollow needle and removes a small sample of breast tissue. The sample is then sent to a lab, where a pathologist uses a microscope to examine the cell characteristics in detail. […] After confirming a diagnosis of lobular carcinoma in situ, a physician may recommend more frequent breast cancer screenings, including clinical breast examinations and mammograms, and possibly prescribe a medication such as tamoxifen to help prevent the abnormal cells from transitioning into cancer.

• #75 Lobular Carcinoma In Situ LCIS | Tampa General Hospital

  https://www.tgh.org/institutes-and-services/conditions/lobular-carcinoma-in-situ-lcis

  Lobular carcinoma in situ (LCIS) is a relatively uncommon condition in which abnormal cells develop in the milk-producing glands (lobules) of a breast. […] Lobular carcinoma in situ does not produce noticeable symptoms or mammogram features. The unusual pattern of cell growth can only be seen during the microscopic evaluation of the breast tissue. […] Usually, lobular carcinoma in situ is diagnosed with a needle biopsy, which may be performed with real-time imaging guidance. After numbing the breast area, a physician inserts a fine, hollow needle and removes a small sample of breast tissue. The sample is then sent to a lab, where a pathologist uses a microscope to examine the cell characteristics in detail. […] After confirming a diagnosis of lobular carcinoma in situ, a physician may recommend more frequent breast cancer screenings, including clinical breast examinations and mammograms, and possibly prescribe a medication such as tamoxifen to help prevent the abnormal cells from transitioning into cancer.

• #76 Lobular carcinoma in situ | Radiology Reference Article | Radiopaedia.org

  https://radiopaedia.org/articles/lobular-carcinoma-in-situ?lang=us

  Lobular carcinoma in situ (LCIS) represents the next step up from atypical lobular hyperplasia (ALH) along the malignant spectrum of lobular breast carcinoma. […] Lobular carcinoma in situ is usually incidentally-identified histologically in breast tissue biopsied for other reasons. The exception may be pleomorphic LCIS which is a more aggressive subtype which may be associated with mammographically-detectable calcifications. […] Lobular carcinoma in situ is a high-risk marker for the future development of invasive carcinoma. A woman with LCIS has approximately a 15-30% chance of developing an infiltrating ductal or lobular carcinoma in the breast in which the LCIS is discovered or in the contralateral breast. […] Approximately 20% (range 18-25%) of cases diagnosed with LCIS at core needle biopsy were upgraded to more invasive cancer pathologies at surgical excision. Therefore when LCIS is discovered on a needle biopsy specimen, an excisional biopsy should be performed.

• #77 Recommendations for Women With Lobular Carcinoma In Situ (LCIS)

  https://www.cancernetwork.com/view/recommendations-women-lobular-carcinoma-situ-lcis

  A diagnosis of LCIS made by surgical excision does not require further surgical intervention, and there is no indication to document margin status in a specimen that contains only LN. […] The most recent National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) guidelines state that a core biopsy diagnosis of LCIS should always be followed by surgical excision to rule out an associated malignancy, with subsequent management decisions to be made based on the final pathologic diagnosis. […] A diagnosis of LCIS is one of the greatest identifiable risk factors for the subsequent development of breast cancer. Compared to the general population, women with LCIS have an eight-fold to ten-fold increased risk of breast cancer. […] The diagnostic management is influenced by the type of biopsy performed, and NCCN guidelines support surgical excision following a core biopsy diagnosis of LCIS. […] Increasing incidence rates of LCIS and emerging laboratory findings supporting a precursor role for LCIS in the development of invasive breast cancer support the need for an improved understanding of the risk imparted by this lesion.

• #78 Stage 0 Breast Cancer (DCIS, LCIS) – Cancer Therapy Advisor

  https://www.cancertherapyadvisor.com/home/decision-support-in-medicine/oncology/stage-0-breast-cancer-dcis-lcis/

  In a review of multiple published studies of surgical excision after a needle biopsy revealing LCIS, DCIS or invasive cancer was identified in 27% of cases. […] The medical approach to LCIS is that of chemoprevention. Randomized clinical trials of chemoprevention in women at high risk for breast cancer have shown reduction in risk of invasive breast cancer for women with LCIS. […] LCIS is a risk factor for the development of subsequent breast cancer in either breast. The risk of subsequent invasive breast cancer ranges from 7% to 17% at 10-15 years after LCIS diagnosis. […] In some cases, it can be difficult to differentiate LCIS and DCIS. E-cadherin staining by the pathologist can help to make this discrimination.

• #79 Recommendations for Women With Lobular Carcinoma In Situ (LCIS)

  https://www.cancernetwork.com/view/recommendations-women-lobular-carcinoma-situ-lcis

  A diagnosis of LCIS made by surgical excision does not require further surgical intervention, and there is no indication to document margin status in a specimen that contains only LN. […] The most recent National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) guidelines state that a core biopsy diagnosis of LCIS should always be followed by surgical excision to rule out an associated malignancy, with subsequent management decisions to be made based on the final pathologic diagnosis. […] A diagnosis of LCIS is one of the greatest identifiable risk factors for the subsequent development of breast cancer. Compared to the general population, women with LCIS have an eight-fold to ten-fold increased risk of breast cancer. […] The diagnostic management is influenced by the type of biopsy performed, and NCCN guidelines support surgical excision following a core biopsy diagnosis of LCIS. […] Increasing incidence rates of LCIS and emerging laboratory findings supporting a precursor role for LCIS in the development of invasive breast cancer support the need for an improved understanding of the risk imparted by this lesion.

• #80 Lobular Carcinoma in Situ of the Breast | Oncohema Key

  https://oncohemakey.com/lobular-carcinoma-in-situ-of-the-breast/

  Chemoprevention was the only factor found on multivariate analysis to influence breast cancer risk, substantially decreasing it. […] It is possible that some subgroups of LCIS may exhibit a more aggressive unilateral biology and preinvasive behavior. […] Rendi and colleagues attempted to provide more clarity on whether the amount of LCIS seen at core needle sampling had any correlation with the risk of identifying subsequent invasive disease. […] Such findings have allowed the NCCN screening and diagnosis panel to suggest that for individuals with classic LCIS on core sampling where the finding is concordant with breast imaging findings, surveillance alone is sufficient and surgical excision may not be necessary for definitive diagnosis.

• #81 Lobular carcinoma in situ (LCIS) – Symptoms & causes – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/lobular-carcinoma-in-situ/symptoms-causes/syc-20374529

  Lobular carcinoma in situ (LCIS) is an uncommon condition in which abnormal cells form in the milk glands (lobules) in the breast. Lobular carcinoma in situ (LCIS) isn’t cancer. But being diagnosed with LCIS indicates that you have an increased risk of developing breast cancer. […] LCIS usually doesn’t show up on mammograms. The condition is most often discovered as a result of a breast biopsy done for another reason, such as a suspicious breast lump or an abnormal mammogram. […] Women with LCIS have an increased risk of developing invasive breast cancer in either breast. If you’re diagnosed with LCIS, your doctor may recommend increased breast cancer screening and may ask you to consider medical treatments to reduce your risk of developing invasive breast cancer. […] If LCIS is detected in a breast biopsy, it doesn’t mean that you have cancer. But having LCIS increases your risk of breast cancer and makes it more likely that you may develop invasive breast cancer.

• #82

  https://www.aurorahealthcare.org/services/cancer/breast-cancer/lobular-carcinoma-in-situ

  Lobular carcinoma in situ (LCIS) is a non-cancerous condition where abnormal cells grow in the milk glands of your breast. While LCIS is not breast cancer, your risk of getting cancer increases if you’re diagnosed with it. […] If you’re diagnosed with LCIS, your Aurora cancer specialist may recommend more screenings and treatments to lower your risk of developing invasive breast cancer. […] LCIS is not considered cancer, but it does indicate a greater risk for developing breast cancer in the future. Yet, it doesn’t always lead to cancer itself. […] Mammograms usually don’t catch LCIS. It’s usually discovered with a breast biopsy for a different reason, such as a lump in the breast or abnormal mammogram. […] Regular monitoring and follow-up care are crucial if you have LCIS so any signs of progression or development of invasive cancer can be detected early. This typically involves regular breast exams, mammograms and sometimes additional imaging or biopsies.

• #83

  https://www.aurorahealthcare.org/services/cancer/breast-cancer/lobular-carcinoma-in-situ

  Lobular carcinoma in situ (LCIS) is a non-cancerous condition where abnormal cells grow in the milk glands of your breast. While LCIS is not breast cancer, your risk of getting cancer increases if you’re diagnosed with it. […] If you’re diagnosed with LCIS, your Aurora cancer specialist may recommend more screenings and treatments to lower your risk of developing invasive breast cancer. […] LCIS is not considered cancer, but it does indicate a greater risk for developing breast cancer in the future. Yet, it doesn’t always lead to cancer itself. […] Mammograms usually don’t catch LCIS. It’s usually discovered with a breast biopsy for a different reason, such as a lump in the breast or abnormal mammogram. […] Regular monitoring and follow-up care are crucial if you have LCIS so any signs of progression or development of invasive cancer can be detected early. This typically involves regular breast exams, mammograms and sometimes additional imaging or biopsies.

• #84 Lobular Carcinoma in Situ | Nebraska Hematology Oncology – Cancer Care Treatment Blood Disorders Clinical Trials Lincoln Nebraska (NE)

  https://www.yourcancercare.com/types-of-cancer/breast-cancer/carcinoma-in-situ/lobular-carcinoma-in-situ

  In patients with LCIS, the incidence of invasive breast cancer was reduced 56% by the administration of Nolvadex. […] Based on the results of this clinical study, the Food and Drug Administration concluded that Nolvadex should be approved for reducing the risk of breast cancer in women at high risk of developing breast cancer. Additional follow-up and the results of other clinical studies will further clarify the role of Nolvadex and other hormonal therapies in the prevention of breast cancer. All patients with LCIS may want to consider treatment intervention with Nolvadex or other anti-estrogens.

• #85 Lobular Carcinoma in Situ | LCIS | American Cancer Society

  https://www.cancer.org/cancer/types/breast-cancer/non-cancerous-breast-conditions/lobular-carcinoma-in-situ.html

  Having LCIS does increase your risk of developing invasive breast cancer later on. But since LCIS is not a true cancer or pre-cancer, often no treatment is needed after the biopsy. […] Close follow-up is important because women with LCIS have the same increased risk of developing cancer in both breasts. Women should also talk to a health care provider about what they can do to help reduce their breast cancer risk. Options for women at high risk of breast cancer because of LCIS may include: Seeing a health care provider more often (such as every 6 to 12 months) for a breast exam along with the yearly mammogram. Additional imaging with breast MRI may also be recommended, especially if a woman has other factors that raise her risk of breast cancer.

• #86 Lobular Carcinoma in Situ | Nebraska Hematology Oncology – Cancer Care Treatment Blood Disorders Clinical Trials Lincoln Nebraska (NE)

  https://www.yourcancercare.com/types-of-cancer/breast-cancer/carcinoma-in-situ/lobular-carcinoma-in-situ

  The treatment of lobular carcinoma in situ (LCIS) is somewhat controversial. LCIS is thought to be an indicator for an increased risk of developing invasive breast cancer, but may not be a direct precursor to invasive breast cancer. […] From long-term retrospective studies, it is estimated that approximately 25% of patients with LCIS will develop invasive breast cancer within 25 years of diagnosis. Thus, this diagnosis is being used to identify patients at high risk of subsequently developing invasive breast cancer. Current approaches for management of LCIS include surgical removal of the LCIS or treatment with anti-estrogens to reduce the risk of developing invasive cancer. […] Observation is a generally accepted form of management for patients with LCIS. Many patients have received no further treatment following initial surgical removal of LCIS for diagnosis.

• #87 Lobular Carcinoma in Situ – Cancer Specialists of Tidewater

  https://tidewatercancer.com/types-of-cancer/breast-cancer/carcinoma-in-situ/lobular-carcinoma-in-situ/

  The treatment of lobular carcinoma in situ (LCIS) is somewhat controversial. LCIS is thought to be an indicator for an increased risk of developing invasive breast cancer, but may not be a direct precursor to invasive breast cancer. […] From long-term retrospective studies, it is estimated that approximately 25% of patients with LCIS will develop invasive breast cancer within 25 years of diagnosis. Thus, this diagnosis is being used to identify patients at high risk of subsequently developing invasive breast cancer. Current approaches for management of LCIS include surgical removal of the LCIS or treatment with anti-estrogens to reduce the risk of developing invasive cancer. […] Observation is a generally accepted form of management for patients with LCIS. Many patients have received no further treatment following initial surgical removal of LCIS for diagnosis.

• #88 Lobular Carcinoma in Situ (LCIS) – Tower Love Fund – Breast Cancer Explained

  https://www.towercancer.org/resource/lobular-carcinoma-in-situ-lcis/

  Lobular carcinoma in situ (LCIS) is a noninvasive precancer. […] Even though LCIS contains the word carcinoma, which means cancer, LCIS is not a cancer diagnosis. It is a diagnosis that means you are at increased risk of developing breast cancer. […] The first piece of evidence that LCIS can actually progress to invasive lobular cancer came from a 2004 analysis of 180 women who had participated in a study of the National Surgical Breast and Bowel Project. […] A second piece of evidence was a study of women who had both LCIS and invasive lobular cancer in the same breast. […] Still, LCIS is not cancer and the vast majority of women diagnosed with LCIS will never get breast cancer. […] The National Comprehensive Cancer Network treatment guidelines recommend close follow-up for women with LCIS.

• #89 Molecular drivers of lobular carcinoma in situ | Breast Cancer Research | Full Text

  https://breast-cancer-research.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s13058-015-0580-5

  The prognostic markers mentioned above do not reliably and accurately predict the potential of LCIS lesions to progress to invasive disease. Therefore, there is a critical need to identify better markers of progression, which might be used clinically to guide management. […] In contrast to the role of LCIS as a risk factor for the development of breast cancer, a role for direct progression of LCIS into invasive cancer is less well accepted, and the molecular basis is currently poorly understood. […] Collectively these data suggest the early LCIS lesions are poised for invasion; however, most will not progress to invasive disease.

• #90 Understanding Lobular Carcinoma In Situ (LCIS) | Breast Cancer Research Foundation

  https://www.bcrf.org/about-breast-cancer/lcis-lobular-carcinoma-in-situ/

  LCIS does not usually cause any symptoms. Its typically diagnosed after a pathologist evaluates breast tissue from a biopsy deemed necessary because of an abnormal mammogram. […] Because no diagnostic tools currently exist that reliably predict who will develop invasive breast cancer after an LCIS diagnosis, it is likely that some women with LCIS are undertreated, and some women are overtreated.

• #91 Molecular drivers of lobular carcinoma in situ | Breast Cancer Research | Full Text

  https://breast-cancer-research.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s13058-015-0580-5

  The prognostic markers mentioned above do not reliably and accurately predict the potential of LCIS lesions to progress to invasive disease. Therefore, there is a critical need to identify better markers of progression, which might be used clinically to guide management. […] In contrast to the role of LCIS as a risk factor for the development of breast cancer, a role for direct progression of LCIS into invasive cancer is less well accepted, and the molecular basis is currently poorly understood. […] Collectively these data suggest the early LCIS lesions are poised for invasion; however, most will not progress to invasive disease.

• #92 The diagnosis and management of pre-invasive breast disease: Pathology of atypical lobular hyperplasia and lobular carcinoma in situ | Breast Cancer Research | Full Text

  https://breast-cancer-research.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/bcr624

  Thus, although LN is a helpful term for describing these lesions collectively, classification into ALH and LCIS might still be justified, or preferable for risk stratification and management decisions. […] The time taken to develop invasive cancer after diagnosis of LCIS is unclear. […] Evidence for the role of LCIS as a precursor for invasive lobular carcinoma is supported by the epidemiological data outlined above, the morphological similarity between cells of ALH/LCIS and lobular carcinoma and the development of tumours in regions localised to ALH/LCIS. […] It is hoped that the application of microdissection techniques and recently developed molecular technology will hold the key to our future understanding of LN.

• #93

  https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s12609-021-00415-1

  Lobular carcinoma in situ (LCIS) encompasses classical LCIS and other rarer and more recently recognised variants, namely pleomorphic LCIS (PLCIS) and florid LCIS. Each of those entities has characteristic histological diagnostic criteria, different rates of underestimation of malignancy and recommended management. […] Accurate diagnosis of those lesions is critical to ensuring the appropriate patient management. […] The diagnosis of LCIS can pose diagnostic challenges to the practising pathologist as the lesion can mimic a number of benign and malignant breast lesions or get misdiagnosed as ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS). […] The diagnosis of lobular neoplasia remains morphological with immunohistochemistry used as a supporting test particularly to differentiate variant LCIS from DCIS.

• #94 Lobular Carcinoma in Situ of the Breast | Oncohema Key

  https://oncohemakey.com/lobular-carcinoma-in-situ-of-the-breast/

  Finally, the biologic behavior of pleomorphic LCIS remains controversial in terms of long-term outcomes and risk of invasive cancer development. […] Although recognized since the 1940s as a unique histopathologic finding, controversy remains regarding both the clinical significance and overall invasive malignant potential of LCIS. […] LCIS is a marker for the development of invasive carcinoma, but the location for that subsequent cancer is not confined to the site at which LCIS was found. […] From a diagnostic perspective, management dilemmas continue as to whether LCIS requires surgical excision when it is seen on percutaneous needle sampling or if there are cases in which no further workup beyond needle biopsy is required. […] The purposes of this chapter are to define the historical background that led to our current understanding of LCIS biology, delineate histopathologic features of classic and pleomorphic LCIS, discuss the clinical presentation and natural history of LCIS, examine the evidence for and against routine surgical excision after the diagnosis of LCIS on image-guided sampling, review the role for chemoprevention in LCIS management, and discuss the role of surgical prophylaxis for LCIS in the small subgroup of patients for whom it may be appropriate.

• #95 Lobular Carcinoma in Situ | Nebraska Hematology Oncology – Cancer Care Treatment Blood Disorders Clinical Trials Lincoln Nebraska (NE)

  https://www.yourcancercare.com/types-of-cancer/breast-cancer/carcinoma-in-situ/lobular-carcinoma-in-situ

  The treatment of lobular carcinoma in situ (LCIS) is somewhat controversial. LCIS is thought to be an indicator for an increased risk of developing invasive breast cancer, but may not be a direct precursor to invasive breast cancer. […] From long-term retrospective studies, it is estimated that approximately 25% of patients with LCIS will develop invasive breast cancer within 25 years of diagnosis. Thus, this diagnosis is being used to identify patients at high risk of subsequently developing invasive breast cancer. Current approaches for management of LCIS include surgical removal of the LCIS or treatment with anti-estrogens to reduce the risk of developing invasive cancer. […] Observation is a generally accepted form of management for patients with LCIS. Many patients have received no further treatment following initial surgical removal of LCIS for diagnosis.

• #96 Lobular Carcinoma in Situ of the Breast | Oncohema Key

  https://oncohemakey.com/lobular-carcinoma-in-situ-of-the-breast/

  Chemoprevention was the only factor found on multivariate analysis to influence breast cancer risk, substantially decreasing it. […] It is possible that some subgroups of LCIS may exhibit a more aggressive unilateral biology and preinvasive behavior. […] Rendi and colleagues attempted to provide more clarity on whether the amount of LCIS seen at core needle sampling had any correlation with the risk of identifying subsequent invasive disease. […] Such findings have allowed the NCCN screening and diagnosis panel to suggest that for individuals with classic LCIS on core sampling where the finding is concordant with breast imaging findings, surveillance alone is sufficient and surgical excision may not be necessary for definitive diagnosis.

• #97 Lobular Carcinoma In Situ (LCIS) – Breast Cancer | UCLA Health Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center

  https://www.uclahealth.org/cancer/cancer-services/breast-cancer/breast-health-services/breast-cancer/lobular-carcinoma-situ-lcis

  LCIS is typically found incidentally on a biopsy that is done for calcifications or another abnormality found on breast imaging. […] Most often, LCIS is diagnosed by a needle biopsy. Patients who are diagnosed with LCIS are often referred to a surgeon for consideration of a surgical biopsy. […] LCIS in and of itself does not need to be removed with surgery. […] The recommendation for surgical biopsy in this setting is evolving and should be discussed with a breast surgeon, as the ability to sample an area well with a needle biopsy is improving with larger amounts of tissue being removed and multiple samples being taken.

• #98 Lobular Carcinoma in Situ of the Breast | Oncohema Key

  https://oncohemakey.com/lobular-carcinoma-in-situ-of-the-breast/

  Chemoprevention was the only factor found on multivariate analysis to influence breast cancer risk, substantially decreasing it. […] It is possible that some subgroups of LCIS may exhibit a more aggressive unilateral biology and preinvasive behavior. […] Rendi and colleagues attempted to provide more clarity on whether the amount of LCIS seen at core needle sampling had any correlation with the risk of identifying subsequent invasive disease. […] Such findings have allowed the NCCN screening and diagnosis panel to suggest that for individuals with classic LCIS on core sampling where the finding is concordant with breast imaging findings, surveillance alone is sufficient and surgical excision may not be necessary for definitive diagnosis.

• #99 Lobular carcinoma in situ (LCIS) | Beacon Health System

  https://www.beaconhealthsystem.org/library/diseases-and-conditions/lobular-carcinoma-in-situ-lcis?content_id=CON-20374514

  Surgery may be recommended in certain situations. For instance, surgery is often recommended for a specific type of LCIS called pleomorphic lobular carcinoma in situ (PLCIS). This type of LCIS is thought to carry a greater risk of breast cancer than is the more common classical type. […] Preventive (prophylactic) mastectomy. This surgery removes both breasts not just the breast affected with LCIS to reduce your risk of developing invasive breast cancer.

• #100 Mayo Clinic Health Library – Lobular carcinoma in situ (LCIS) | Swiss Medical Network

  https://www.swissmedical.net/en/healtcare-library/con-20374514

  Surgery may be recommended in certain situations. For instance, surgery is often recommended for a specific type of LCIS called pleomorphic lobular carcinoma in situ (PLCIS). This type of LCIS is thought to carry a greater risk of breast cancer than is the more common classical type. […] If analysis of your biopsy confirms that you have PLCIS, your doctor will recommend surgery. Options may include an operation to remove the area of PLCIS (lumpectomy) or an operation to remove all of the breast tissue (mastectomy). […] Another option for treating LCIS is preventive (prophylactic) mastectomy. This surgery removes both breasts not just the breast affected with LCIS to reduce your risk of developing invasive breast cancer.

• #101 The diagnosis and management of pre-invasive breast disease: Pathology of atypical lobular hyperplasia and lobular carcinoma in situ | Breast Cancer Research | Full Text

  https://breast-cancer-research.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/bcr624

  Thus, although LN is a helpful term for describing these lesions collectively, classification into ALH and LCIS might still be justified, or preferable for risk stratification and management decisions. […] The time taken to develop invasive cancer after diagnosis of LCIS is unclear. […] Evidence for the role of LCIS as a precursor for invasive lobular carcinoma is supported by the epidemiological data outlined above, the morphological similarity between cells of ALH/LCIS and lobular carcinoma and the development of tumours in regions localised to ALH/LCIS. […] It is hoped that the application of microdissection techniques and recently developed molecular technology will hold the key to our future understanding of LN.

• #102 The diagnosis and management of pre-invasive breast disease: Pathology of atypical lobular hyperplasia and lobular carcinoma in situ | Breast Cancer Research | Full Text

  https://breast-cancer-research.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/bcr624

  Thus, although LN is a helpful term for describing these lesions collectively, classification into ALH and LCIS might still be justified, or preferable for risk stratification and management decisions. […] The time taken to develop invasive cancer after diagnosis of LCIS is unclear. […] Evidence for the role of LCIS as a precursor for invasive lobular carcinoma is supported by the epidemiological data outlined above, the morphological similarity between cells of ALH/LCIS and lobular carcinoma and the development of tumours in regions localised to ALH/LCIS. […] It is hoped that the application of microdissection techniques and recently developed molecular technology will hold the key to our future understanding of LN.

• #103 Molecular drivers of lobular carcinoma in situ | Breast Cancer Research | Full Text

  https://breast-cancer-research.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s13058-015-0580-5

  Lobular carcinoma in situ (LCIS) is considered to be a risk factor for the development of invasive breast carcinoma, but it may also be a non-obligate precursor to invasive lobular carcinoma (ILC). […] Currently, no diagnostic tools exist which can reliably predict if a woman will subsequently develop IBC after diagnosis of LCIS. […] The most well-studied characteristic of LN is loss of E-cadherin, and this is clinically used to differentiate lobular from ductal lesions. […] The likelihood of developing IBC increases by about 1 % every year after LCIS diagnosis – with a 13 % risk after 10 years and a 21 to 26 % risk after 20 years. […] The expression of nuclear receptors – especially ER – can be used to predict clinical outcome of tumors; 80 to 100 % of LCIS cases express ER, most of which show moderate to strong immunoreactivity by immunohistochemistry.

• #104 What is invasive lobular carcinoma? | MD Anderson Cancer Center

  https://www.mdanderson.org/cancerwise/What-is-invasive-lobular-carcinoma-8-insights-on-lobular-breast-cancer.h00-159539745.html

  Many patients with invasive lobular carcinoma receive the standard-of-care chemotherapy, but the comprehensive review showed there isnt much clinical benefit. […] We need something different for these patients. […] While its been thought that invasive lobular has a favorable prognosis when compared to ductal carcinoma, our review showed thats not true in the long-term, Mouabbi says. […] Because of this, lobular breast cancer can be treated with endocrine therapy. […] The retrospective analysis being presented by Mouabbi at the 2022 ASCO Annual Meeting reveals targeted therapy outcomes in patients with lobular breast cancer. […] To define more personalized approaches, Mouabbi says its critical to conduct clinical trials specific to lobular breast cancer.

• #105 What is invasive lobular carcinoma? | MD Anderson Cancer Center

  https://www.mdanderson.org/cancerwise/What-is-invasive-lobular-carcinoma-8-insights-on-lobular-breast-cancer.h00-159539745.html

  Many patients with invasive lobular carcinoma receive the standard-of-care chemotherapy, but the comprehensive review showed there isnt much clinical benefit. […] We need something different for these patients. […] While its been thought that invasive lobular has a favorable prognosis when compared to ductal carcinoma, our review showed thats not true in the long-term, Mouabbi says. […] Because of this, lobular breast cancer can be treated with endocrine therapy. […] The retrospective analysis being presented by Mouabbi at the 2022 ASCO Annual Meeting reveals targeted therapy outcomes in patients with lobular breast cancer. […] To define more personalized approaches, Mouabbi says its critical to conduct clinical trials specific to lobular breast cancer.

• #106 What is invasive lobular carcinoma? | MD Anderson Cancer Center

  https://www.mdanderson.org/cancerwise/What-is-invasive-lobular-carcinoma-8-insights-on-lobular-breast-cancer.h00-159539745.html

  Many patients with invasive lobular carcinoma receive the standard-of-care chemotherapy, but the comprehensive review showed there isnt much clinical benefit. […] We need something different for these patients. […] While its been thought that invasive lobular has a favorable prognosis when compared to ductal carcinoma, our review showed thats not true in the long-term, Mouabbi says. […] Because of this, lobular breast cancer can be treated with endocrine therapy. […] The retrospective analysis being presented by Mouabbi at the 2022 ASCO Annual Meeting reveals targeted therapy outcomes in patients with lobular breast cancer. […] To define more personalized approaches, Mouabbi says its critical to conduct clinical trials specific to lobular breast cancer.

• #107 Molecular drivers of lobular carcinoma in situ | Breast Cancer Research | Full Text

  https://breast-cancer-research.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s13058-015-0580-5

  The prognostic markers mentioned above do not reliably and accurately predict the potential of LCIS lesions to progress to invasive disease. Therefore, there is a critical need to identify better markers of progression, which might be used clinically to guide management. […] In contrast to the role of LCIS as a risk factor for the development of breast cancer, a role for direct progression of LCIS into invasive cancer is less well accepted, and the molecular basis is currently poorly understood. […] Collectively these data suggest the early LCIS lesions are poised for invasion; however, most will not progress to invasive disease.

• #108 Molecular drivers of lobular carcinoma in situ | Breast Cancer Research | Full Text

  https://breast-cancer-research.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s13058-015-0580-5

  The prognostic markers mentioned above do not reliably and accurately predict the potential of LCIS lesions to progress to invasive disease. Therefore, there is a critical need to identify better markers of progression, which might be used clinically to guide management. […] In contrast to the role of LCIS as a risk factor for the development of breast cancer, a role for direct progression of LCIS into invasive cancer is less well accepted, and the molecular basis is currently poorly understood. […] Collectively these data suggest the early LCIS lesions are poised for invasion; however, most will not progress to invasive disease.

• #109 Recommendations for Women With Lobular Carcinoma In Situ (LCIS)

  https://www.cancernetwork.com/view/recommendations-women-lobular-carcinoma-situ-lcis

  A diagnosis of LCIS made by surgical excision does not require further surgical intervention, and there is no indication to document margin status in a specimen that contains only LN. […] The most recent National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) guidelines state that a core biopsy diagnosis of LCIS should always be followed by surgical excision to rule out an associated malignancy, with subsequent management decisions to be made based on the final pathologic diagnosis. […] A diagnosis of LCIS is one of the greatest identifiable risk factors for the subsequent development of breast cancer. Compared to the general population, women with LCIS have an eight-fold to ten-fold increased risk of breast cancer. […] The diagnostic management is influenced by the type of biopsy performed, and NCCN guidelines support surgical excision following a core biopsy diagnosis of LCIS. […] Increasing incidence rates of LCIS and emerging laboratory findings supporting a precursor role for LCIS in the development of invasive breast cancer support the need for an improved understanding of the risk imparted by this lesion.

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