Materiały źródłowe

• #1 Lobular Carcinoma in Situ (LCIS)

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/21791-lobular-carcinoma-in-situ-lcis

  Lobular carcinoma in situ (LCIS) is a rare breast condition. Healthcare providers can treat the condition with medication. In some cases, they may recommend surgery. […] Your treatment depends on the type of LCIS. For example, if you have classic LCIS, your healthcare provider may recommend active surveillance or preventive therapy. If you have pleomorphic or florid LCIS, you may need surgery. […] Active surveillance involves regular follow-up examinations and tests. […] Preventive therapy is a treatment intended to keep abnormal cells in your lobules from becoming cancerous cells. […] If tests show you have pleomorphic or florid LCIS, your oncologist may recommend breast cancer surgery, including lumpectomy or prophylactic bilateral mastectomy. […] Understanding your risk and your options can help you feel more confident and in control of your situation. […] If you have this condition, it may help to know about treatments that can reduce or eliminate your risk.

• #2 Lobular Carcinoma in Situ (LCIS) | Cedars-Sinai

  https://www.cedars-sinai.org/health-library/diseases-and-conditions/l/lobular-carcinoma-in-situ-lcis.html

  Lobular carcinoma in situ (LCIS) is a rare condition in which abnormal cells develop in the milk glands, known as lobules, in the breast. […] Treatment of LCIS will be personalized for each patient and may include observation, preventative medicine or surgery. […] Patients with LCIS have an increased risk of developing other types of breast cancer, requiring more careful observation of their breast health. […] For some patients, preventative chemotherapy medicine, known as chemoprevention, may be used to lower their risk of developing breast cancer. […] In some cases, an excisional biopsy, which removes the affected tissue while preserving as much of the natural breast tissue as possible, may be performed. […] In rare cases, a preventative mastectomy, a procedure that removes all of the breast tissue, may be the best course of treatment.

• #3 Lobular Carcinoma in Situ | LCIS | American Cancer Society

  https://www.cancer.org/cancer/types/breast-cancer/non-cancerous-breast-conditions/lobular-carcinoma-in-situ.html

  Having LCIS does increase your risk of developing invasive breast cancer later on. But since LCIS is not a true cancer or pre-cancer, often no treatment is needed after the biopsy. […] Sometimes if LCIS is found using a needle biopsy, the doctor might recommend that it be removed completely (with an excisional biopsy or some other type of breast-conserving surgery) to help make sure that LCIS was the only abnormality there. This is especially true if the LCIS is described as pleomorphic or florid, in which case it might be more likely to grow quickly. […] Even after an excisional biopsy, if pleomorphic or florid LCIS is found, some doctors might recommend another, more extensive surgery to make sure it has all been removed. […] Options for women at high risk of breast cancer because of LCIS may include: Seeing a health care provider more often (such as every 6 to 12 months) for a breast exam along with the yearly mammogram. Additional imaging with breast MRI may also be recommended, especially if a woman has other factors that raise her risk of breast cancer. […] Making lifestyle changes to lower breast cancer risk. […] Taking medicine to help lower the risk of breast cancer. […] Surgery, called bilateral prophylactic mastectomy (removal of both breasts), to reduce risk.

• #4 Lobular carcinoma in situ (LCIS) – Symptoms & causes – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/lobular-carcinoma-in-situ/symptoms-causes/syc-20374529

  Lobular carcinoma in situ (LCIS) isn’t cancer. But being diagnosed with LCIS indicates that you have an increased risk of developing breast cancer. […] If you’re diagnosed with LCIS, your doctor may recommend increased breast cancer screening and may ask you to consider medical treatments to reduce your risk of developing invasive breast cancer. […] But having LCIS increases your risk of breast cancer and makes it more likely that you may develop invasive breast cancer. […] The risk of breast cancer in women diagnosed with LCIS is thought to be approximately 20 percent.

• #5 Lobular Carcinoma In-Situ (LCIS)

  https://cbcn.ca/en/lobular-carcinoma-in-situ

  Lobular carcinoma in situ (LCIS) describes a condition in which there is abnormal cell growth in the lining on the lobules that dont invade the wall of the lobules. […] While LCIS is a benign condition and is not considered to be breast cancer, having LCIS puts a person at an approximately 7 to 12 times higher risk of later developing invasive breast cancer. […] For women diagnosed with LCIS, the risk of developing breast cancer in 10 years is 10% and after 20 years of an LCIS diagnosis, the risk is 20%. […] If you have been diagnosed with LCIS, there is no action that you need to take since it is not cancer. However, there are a few options available to you to manage your increased risk of breast cancer. […] Options following a diagnosis of LCIS include: […] Close monitoring and increased surveillance: After being diagnosed with LCIS, you might take a wait and see approach.

• #5 Lobular Carcinoma In-Situ (LCIS)

  https://cbcn.ca/en/lobular-carcinoma-in-situ

  Chemoprevention and aromatase inhibitors: Estrogen is a natural hormone in the body that has been found to increase the risk of developing breast cancer and making breast tumors grow. […] Certain drugs that reduce the risk of developing breast cancer by blocking the effects of estrogen may be suggested for individuals diagnosed with LCIS. […] Tamoxifen and raloxifene are two such drugs. […] Additionally, aromatase inhibitors, which stops the enzyme aromatase from changing other hormones into estrogen, may also be used by post-menopausal women to reduce their risk of developing breast cancer following a diagnosis of LCIS. […] Surgery: The risks and benefits of having surgery to treat LCIS must be taken into consideration since an LCIS diagnosis is not guaranteed to become a breast cancer diagnosis.

• #5 Lobular Carcinoma In-Situ (LCIS)

  https://cbcn.ca/en/lobular-carcinoma-in-situ

  Surgical options for treating LCIS include: […] Ultrasound-guided, vacuum-assisted excision A fairly non-invasive method that removes the abnormal areas of the breast tissue. […] Lumpectomy Involves removing the abnormal areas of the breast tissue along with parts of the surrounding tissue. […] Prophylactic mastectomy The removal of the entire breast tissue in one or both breasts.

• #6 Lobular carcinoma in situ (LCIS) | Cancer Research UK

  https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/about-cancer/breast-cancer/types/lobular-carcinoma-in-situ-lcis

  Treatment for LCIS depends on the type you have. There are 3 main types of LCIS: classic LCIS (CLCIS), pleomorphic LCIS (PLCIS), and florid LCIS (FLCIS). […] Most people with CLCIS do not need to have any treatment. But your doctor may take more breast tissue if you had a core biopsy. This is to check the area for any other changes. To remove more breast tissue you might have surgery or a vacuum assisted biopsy using a mammogram or ultrasound scan. […] You usually have regular monitoring. In some situations, your doctor may offer you hormone therapy or surgery to keep your risk of developing invasive breast cancer low. […] Some rarer types of LCIS such as pleomorphic LCIS or florid LCIS, are treated in a similar way to DCIS. […] Your doctor may suggest taking hormone therapy for 5 years to lower your risk of developing invasive breast cancer. This is known as chemo prevention.

• #6 Lobular carcinoma in situ (LCIS) | Cancer Research UK

  https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/about-cancer/breast-cancer/types/lobular-carcinoma-in-situ-lcis

  You are more likely to have surgery rather than monitoring if you have a particular type of LCIS called pleomorphic LCIS or florid LCIS. […] You might have breast conserving surgery (a wide local excision) to remove the LCIS and a surrounding area of normal tissue. Rarely you have surgery to remove your breast (a mastectomy). You might have this if the changes are widespread throughout the breast. […] Research has focused on trying to find genetic changes that might increase the risk of developing LCIS. Trials have shown that some of the known genetic changes that increase the risk of breast cancer, also increase the risk of developing LCIS. […] Researchers are also looking into using different types of hormone therapy to prevent invasive breast cancer after a diagnosis of LCIS. […] The IBIS 2 prevention trial followed post menopausal women who took the hormone therapy, anastrozole (Arimidex), for 5 years. This included some women with LCIS. Results showed that taking hormone therapy for 5 years did reduce the risk of developing breast cancer if you are at high risk of developing it.

• #7 Lobular Carcinoma In Situ (LCIS) – Breast Cancer | UCLA Health Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center

  https://www.uclahealth.org/cancer/cancer-services/breast-cancer/breast-health-services/breast-cancer/lobular-carcinoma-situ-lcis

  Unlike ductal carcinoma in situ or DCIS, LCIS is not considered a precursor to invasive breast cancer so it does not require treatment. […] Treatment with hormone blocking therapy has been shown to decrease the risk of breast cancer development in patients with LCIS by 56%. […] In addition, screening with either bilateral breast ultrasound or MRI in addition to mammography should be considered. […] More recently, a newer form of LCIS has been identified, called pleomorphic LCIS. This is considered different from classic LCIS and appears to behave more like DCIS. For this reason, patients with pleomorphic LCIS should see a breast surgeon to discuss recommended treatment.

• #8 Understanding lobular carcinoma in situ (LCIS) | Macmillan Cancer Support

  https://www.macmillan.org.uk/cancer-information-and-support/worried-about-cancer/pre-cancerous-and-genetic-conditions/lobular-carcinoma-in-situ

  If you have LCIS, you will not need any treatment. LCIS usually does not cause any problems. Most people with LCIS do not develop breast cancer, so they never need treatment. You will be offered regular monitoring. This is to make sure that if a cancer develops, it is found early. […] There is a rare type of LCIS called pleomorphic LCIS. It is usually treated in a similar way to ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS). If you are diagnosed with this type of LCIS, your doctor or nurse will explain more about it. […] Hormonal therapy is usually given to people who have had treatment for breast cancer. It aims to reduce the risk of cancer coming back. If you have LCIS, you may be offered hormonal therapy drugs to reduce the risk of breast cancer developing. […] If your doctor or nurse thinks you have a strong family history of breast cancer, they will refer you to a genetics clinic to see a specialist. At the clinic, you have a risk assessment and genetic counselling.

• #9

  https://www.aurorahealthcare.org/services/cancer/breast-cancer/lobular-carcinoma-in-situ

  If youre diagnosed with LCIS, your Aurora cancer specialist may recommend more screenings and treatments to lower your risk of developing invasive breast cancer. […] Your personalized treatment plan for LCIS will vary depending on factors such as your overall health, preferences and risk factors. […] The following treatments are commonly used for LCIS: […] Your doctor will recommend more regular checkups and monthly self-exams. They may also suggest annual mammograms to check for any changes in the breast tissue. […] Includes the removal of one or both breasts to reduce the risk of developing invasive breast cancer. Skin-sparing and nipple-sparing mastectomies may be offered, depending on the proximity of the LCIS to those areas. […] A lumpectomy may be an option, where your surgeon removes any cancerous and abnormal tissue, some healthy tissue and lymph nodes under the arm. After surgery, your doctor will deliver radiation therapy into an open incision. […] Selective estrogen receptor modulators or aromatase inhibitors may be prescribed to block estrogen receptors in the breasts. This helps reduce your risk of developing invasive breast cancer.

• #10 Lobular carcinoma in situ (LCIS)

  https://www.mymlc.com/health-information/diseases-and-conditions/l/lobular-carcinoma-in-situ-lcis2/?section=Causes

  Lobular carcinoma in situ (LCIS) may be present in one or both breasts, but it usually isn’t visible on a mammogram. The condition is most often diagnosed as an incidental finding when you have a biopsy done to evaluate some other area of concern in your breast. […] A number of factors, including your personal preferences, come into play when you decide whether to undergo treatment for lobular carcinoma in situ (LCIS). […] There are three main approaches to treatment: Careful observation, Taking a medication to reduce cancer risk (preventive therapy), Surgery. […] If you’ve been diagnosed with LCIS, your doctor may recommend more frequent exams to closely monitor your breasts for signs of cancer. […] Preventive therapy (chemoprevention) involves taking a medication to reduce your risk of breast cancer.

• #10 Lobular carcinoma in situ (LCIS)

  https://www.mymlc.com/health-information/diseases-and-conditions/l/lobular-carcinoma-in-situ-lcis2/?section=Causes

  Surgery may be recommended in certain situations. […] Another option for treating LCIS is preventive (prophylactic) mastectomy. This surgery removes both breasts — not just the breast affected with LCIS — to reduce your risk of developing invasive breast cancer. […] If you have LCIS, you might consider participating in a clinical trial exploring an emerging therapy for preventing breast cancer.

• #11 Lobular Carcinoma in Situ (LCIS)

  https://www.cancercenter.com/cancer-types/breast-cancer/risk-factors/lobular-carcinoma-in-situ

  Because LCIS isnt a type of cancer, active treatment isnt typically needed. […] Treatment may also depend on the patients personal preferences. […] In some cases, the patients medical team may remove the tissue via either excisional biopsy or surgery. […] Hormone medication may be recommended as a preventative therapy to lower the risk of cancer in the future. […] Increased observation and monitoring may be recommended, so if breast cancer does develop, it may be caught early. […] This approach typically involves visiting the doctor every six to 12 months for examinations and breast MRIs. […] Patients may also speak to their care team about lifestyle changes they can make to lower the risk of breast cancer.

• #12 Recommendations for Women With Lobular Carcinoma In Situ (LCIS)

  https://www.cancernetwork.com/view/recommendations-women-lobular-carcinoma-situ-lcis

  Increasingly, these observations are resulting in confusion regarding the proper management of LCIS, highlighting the need for an improved understanding of the risk imparted by this lesion. […] Recommendations from the NCCN Breast Cancer Screening and Diagnosis Clinical Practice Guidelines include annual mammography and clinical breast exam every 6 to 12 months. […] The decision to undergo BPM is highly individual and should not be undertaken without ample time to consider all of the available options for risk management. […] Since the original description of LCIS, there has been confusion regarding its management. […] The diagnostic management is influenced by the type of biopsy performed, and NCCN guidelines support surgical excision following a core biopsy diagnosis of LCIS. […] Once diagnosed, conservative management predominates, yet only a minority of women pursue chemoprevention, highlighting the need for improved patient education and counseling.

• #13 Treatment options for lobular carcinoma in situ | Cancer Australia

  https://www.canceraustralia.gov.au/cancer-types/breast-cancer/treatment-options/treatment-options-lobular-carcinoma-situ

  Lobular carcinoma in situ (LCIS) is the name for abnormal cells that are contained in the lobules of the breast. The causes of LCIS are unknown. […] LCIS does not need to be treated if there are no other abnormal changes to the breast. However, having LCIS increases the risk of developing breast cancer. […] If a woman has LCIS, it’s important that she has regular check-ups, including: a physical examination of both breasts by a doctor once a year, a mammogram/ultrasound of both breasts once a year.

• #14 Treatment of Lobular Carcinoma in Situ

  http://www.aboutcancer.com/bre6b.htm

  The finding of lobular carcinoma in situ (LCIS) in the breast has generally prompted treatment with unilateral or bilateral mastectomy. Most experts now feel that LCIS simply identifies a woman who is at high risk to develop future breast cancer and requires only close clinical and mammographic follow-up. The policy of observation alone for the finding of LCIS spares women mastectomy. Furthermore, cancers that develop in follow-up are likely to be detected at an early stage and be amenable to curative therapy. Observation alone is appropriate treatment for women with LCIS. […] The cohort was comprised of 182 women with LCIS who were enrolled in National Surgical Adjuvant Breast Project (NSABP) Protocol B-17 but received no treatment other than lumpectomy. These preliminary findings and historical information presented in this study fail to provide any reason to perform mastectomy on patients with LCIS.

• #15 Lobular Carcinoma in Situ (LCIS) | Susan G. Komen®

  https://www.komen.org/breast-cancer/risk-factor/lobular-carcinoma-in-situ/

  Women with LCIS can develop invasive lobular cancer or invasive ductal cancer [254-255]. […] The National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) strongly recommends women with LCIS take a risk-reducing drug (such as tamoxifen) to lower their risk of breast cancer [54]. […] Today, the use of a risk-reducing drug (along with recommended breast cancer screening to find breast cancer early if it develops) is the preferred option over risk-reducing mastectomy for lowering risk in women with LCIS [54]. […] In the past, risk-reducing bilateral mastectomy (surgery to remove both breasts) was considered for women with LCIS to lower breast cancer risk as much as possible. This is now discouraged since the risk reduction benefits from a risk-reducing drug and surgery are similar [54].

• #16 Lobular carcinoma in situ (LCIS) | Health Library | Memorial Health System

  https://www.mhsystem.org/health-library/con-20374514/

  If a breast biopsy reveals you have LCIS, your risk of breast cancer is increased. […] If you’re diagnosed with LCIS, your doctor may recommend increased breast cancer screening and may ask you to consider medical treatments to reduce your risk of developing invasive breast cancer. […] There are three main approaches to treatment: Careful observation, Taking a medication to reduce cancer risk (preventive therapy), Surgery. […] Preventive therapy (chemoprevention) involves taking a medication to reduce your risk of breast cancer. […] Discuss with your doctor the risks and benefits of taking a drug for breast cancer prevention to see if it’s the best course of treatment for you. […] Surgery may be recommended in certain situations. […] Another option for treating LCIS is preventive (prophylactic) mastectomy. This surgery removes both breasts not just the breast affected with LCIS to reduce your risk of developing invasive breast cancer.

• #17 Lobular Carcinoma in Situ (LCIS) | Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center

  https://www.mskcc.org/cancer-care/patient-education/lobular-carcinoma-situ-lcis

  LCIS is a condition where there is an overgrowth of cells in the ducts or lobules. […] LCIS isnt breast cancer, but it can raise your risk of getting breast cancer. […] People with LCIS should have regular breast exams and breast imaging because of their higher breast cancer risk. […] Taking certain medications can help lower your risk of getting breast cancer. […] Tamoxifen (Nolvadex, Soltamox) and raloxifene (Evista) are medications that lower your risk for breast cancer. […] Aromatase inhibitors are medications that stop an enzyme called aromatase from changing other hormones into estrogen. […] Some people may choose to have their breasts removed to prevent breast cancer. This is called a bilateral prophylactic (PRO-fih-LAK-tik) mastectomy. […] There are also lifestyle changes you can make to lower your breast cancer risk if you have LCIS.

• #18 Stage 0 Breast Cancer (DCIS, LCIS) – Cancer Therapy Advisor

  https://www.cancertherapyadvisor.com/home/decision-support-in-medicine/oncology/stage-0-breast-cancer-dcis-lcis/

  The medical approach to LCIS is that of chemoprevention. Randomized clinical trials of chemoprevention in women at high risk for breast cancer have shown reduction in risk of invasive breast cancer for women with LCIS. In the NSABP Breast Cancer Prevention Trial-BCPT, tamoxifen reduced the risk of invasive cancer by 50% compared to placebo in those whose increased risk was due to LCIS. […] The recommended dosages for these agents are: Tamoxifen 20 mg PO daily, Raloxifene 60 mg PO daily, Exemestane 25 mg PO daily. […] In clinical trials these prevention agents were administered for 5 years.

• #19 Lobular Carcinoma in Situ – Cancer Specialists of Tidewater

  https://tidewatercancer.com/types-of-cancer/breast-cancer/carcinoma-in-situ/lobular-carcinoma-in-situ/

  The treatment of lobular carcinoma in situ (LCIS) is somewhat controversial. […] Current approaches for management of LCIS include surgical removal of the LCIS or treatment with anti-estrogens to reduce the risk of developing invasive cancer. […] Observation is a generally accepted form of management for patients with LCIS. […] Women with LCIS may also consider periodic examinations with CT or MRI scans in addition to a mammography. […] Because of the observation that women with breast cancer treated with Nolvadex had a lower risk of developing a new breast cancer in their unaffected breast, many doctors felt that Nolvadex may actually be able to prevent breast cancer from occurring. […] In patients with LCIS, the incidence of invasive breast cancer was reduced 56% by the administration of Nolvadex.

• #20 Lobular Carcinoma in Situ – Virginia Cancer Institute

  https://www.vacancer.com/cancer/breast-cancer/carcinoma-in-situ/lobular-carcinoma-in-situ/

  The treatment of lobular carcinoma in situ (LCIS) is somewhat controversial. LCIS is thought to be an indicator for an increased risk of developing invasive breast cancer, but may not be a direct precursor to invasive breast cancer. […] Current approaches for management of LCIS include surgical removal of the LCIS or treatment with anti-estrogens to reduce the risk of developing invasive cancer. […] Observation is a generally accepted form of management for patients with LCIS. […] Women aged 35-59 at high risk of developing breast cancer and all women over the age of 60 years were eligible to participate in this clinical study. […] In patients with LCIS, the incidence of invasive breast cancer was reduced 56% by the administration of Nolvadex. […] All patients with LCIS may want to consider treatment intervention with Nolvadex or other anti-estrogens. […] A bilateral prophylactic mastectomy involves the preventive removal of both breasts. This is an effective method of preventing invasive breast cancer in patients with LCIS.

• #21 Understanding Lobular Carcinoma In Situ (LCIS) | Breast Cancer Research Foundation

  https://www.bcrf.org/about-breast-cancer/lcis-lobular-carcinoma-in-situ/

  LCIS treatment often does not require any intervention after the biopsy. […] Because of the elevated cancer risk, doctors may recommend more frequent mammogram, ultrasound, and MRI screenings to ensure any cancer that develops is caught at its earliest stage. […] Depending on the individual and the LCIS prognosis, they may also recommend hormone therapies that reduce risk, such as selective estrogen receptor modulators (SERMs) or aromatase inhibitors (AIs). […] If the biopsy shows pleomorphic or florid LCIS, doctors may recommend a lumpectomy, a surgery that removes the abnormal cells and a small amount of surrounding healthy tissue. […] In rare circumstances when a patient’s risk is elevated because of a strong family history of breast cancer or if LCIS is diagnosed at a younger age, a prophylactic bilateral mastectomy, surgery that removes both breasts, may be recommended. […] Because no diagnostic tools currently exist that reliably predict who will develop invasive breast cancer after an LCIS diagnosis, it is likely that some women with LCIS are undertreated, and some women are overtreated.

• #22

  https://www.kkh.com.sg/patient-care/conditions-treatments/lobular-carcinoma-in-situ

  Lobular carcinoma in situ (LCIS) is caused by abnormal cells forming within the milk glands (lobules) in the breast. […] Management of Lobular Carcinoma in Situ includes: […] Close observation e.g. clinical breast examinations, annual mammograms or MRI of the breasts. […] Chemoprevention, which is taking medication to reduce the risk of cancer. These drugs may include Tamoxifen or Raloxifene for 5 years. […] Surgery, where preventive or prophylactic mastectomy may be considered if there is a high risk based on a strong family history of breast cancer or if there is a BRCA gene mutation.

• #23 Breast cancer: Pre-invasive lobular carcinoma (lobular carcinoma in situ; LCIS) | Healthengine Blog

  https://healthinfo.healthengine.com.au/pre-invasive-lobular-carcinoma-lobular-carcinoma-in-situ-lcis-breast-cancer

  Prophylactic (preventative) bilateral mastectomy is the surgical removal of both breasts and may be a reasonable option for women with LCIS and multiple other independent risk factors such as strong family history and genetic mutations associated with breast cancer (e.g. BRCA mutations). […] However, most women with LCIS do not develop invasive cancers in their lifetimes and hence the decision to pursue surgery which has an enormous impact on a woman’s life should not be taken lightly.

• #24 Treatment and survival outcomes of lobular carcinoma in situ of the breast: a SEER population based study

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5732709/

  Lobular carcinoma in situ (LCIS) represents 5.3% of in situ specimens, and is thought to carry a low risk for developing to the invasive lobular breast cancer (ILC). There is still no standard care approach for patients with LCIS. […] Treatment modalities included no surgery (NS), lumpectomy alone (LA), lumpectomy with radiation treatment (LRT), mastectomy alone (MA) and mastectomy with radiation treatment (MRT). […] Patients treated with LA had superior OS for NS (P = 0.001), MA (P 0.001) and MRT P = 0.018). LRT only had superior OS for MRT (P = 0.009). […] Considering the medical expense and the risk of radiotherapy, LA may be the most appropriate therapy for patients with LCIS. […] At present, there is no standardized treatment for LCIS. NCCN guidelines 2017 pointed out that surgical removal was suggested once LCIS was diagnosed via CNB.

• #24 Treatment and survival outcomes of lobular carcinoma in situ of the breast: a SEER population based study

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5732709/

  As for radiotherapy, it is not recommended for application due to the absence of data support. […] In our study, both UVA and MVA results indicated that patients underwent LA and LRT had better survival compared to those who accepted other treatments. […] Thus, even though no statistical discrepancy was observed between LA group and LRT group, there seems to be a certain clinical benefit for LCIS patients receiving radiation intervention. Further large prospective studies are needed to confirm such benefit of LA and LRT on survival outcomes.

• #25 Treatment and survival outcomes of lobular carcinoma in situ of the breast: a SEER population based study | Oncotarget

  https://www.oncotarget.com/article/21461/text/

  Lobular carcinoma in situ (LCIS) represents 5.3% of in situ specimens, and is thought to carry a low risk for developing to the invasive lobular breast cancer (ILC). There is still no standard care approach for patients with LCIS. […] Considering the medical expense and the risk of radiotherapy, LA may be the most appropriate therapy for patients with LCIS. […] At present, there is no standardized treatment for LCIS. NCCN guidelines 2017 pointed out that surgical removal was suggested once LCIS was diagnosed via CNB. However, some studies noted that the probability of pathological upgrading after surgical biopsy was only about one to five percent if results of CNB indicated non-high risk histopathological types. […] As for radiotherapy, it is not recommended for application due to the absence of data support.

• #25 Treatment and survival outcomes of lobular carcinoma in situ of the breast: a SEER population based study | Oncotarget

  https://www.oncotarget.com/article/21461/text/

  In our study, both UVA and MVA results indicated that patients underwent LA and LRT had better survival compared to those who accepted other treatments. Although radiation intervention is not recommended for the treatment of LCIS at present, the results of our statistical analysis showed that the LRT group indeed had a bit longer average survival time (116.242 months vs. 114.601 months, P = 0.317) and smaller HR (0.147 vs. 0.300) than the LA group. Thus, even though no statistical discrepancy was observed between LA group and LRT group, there seems to be a certain clinical benefit for LCIS patients receiving radiation intervention. Further large prospective studies are needed to confirm such benefit of LA and LRT on survival outcomes. Considering the medical expense and the risk of radiotherapy, we think LA may be the most appropriate option for patients with LCIS.

• #26 Lobular carcinoma in situ (LCIS) | UM Health-Sparrow

  https://www.uofmhealthsparrow.org/departments-conditions/conditions/lobular-carcinoma-situ-lcis

  A number of factors, including your personal preferences, come into play when you decide whether to undergo treatment for lobular carcinoma in situ (LCIS). […] There are three main approaches to treatment: […] If you’ve been diagnosed with LCIS, your doctor may recommend more frequent exams to closely monitor your breasts for signs of cancer. […] Preventive therapy (chemoprevention) involves taking a medication to reduce your risk of breast cancer. […] Preventive therapy options include: […] Discuss with your doctor the risks and benefits of taking a drug for breast cancer prevention to see if it’s the best course of treatment for you. […] Surgery may be recommended in certain situations. […] Another option for treating LCIS is preventive (prophylactic) mastectomy. […] Your doctor may recommend radiation therapy after lumpectomy surgery in certain situations.

• #27 Understanding Your Pathology Report: Lobular Carcinoma In Situ (LCIS) | American Cancer Society

  https://www.cancer.org/cancer/diagnosis-staging/tests/biopsy-and-cytology-tests/understanding-your-pathology-report/breast-pathology/lobular-carcinoma-in-situ.html

  Lobular carcinoma in situ (LCIS) is a type of in-situ carcinoma of the breast. While DCIS is considered a pre-cancer, it is unclear whether LCIS is a pre-cancer or if it’s just a general risk factor for developing breast cancer. This is because LCIS rarely seems to turn into invasive cancer if it’s left untreated. Having LCIS does increase a person’s risk of getting breast cancer, but the cancer occurs just as often in the opposite breast (the one without any LCIS). Because it isn’t clear if LCIS is a pre-cancer, many doctors prefer to use the term lobular neoplasia instead of lobular carcinoma in situ. […] If classic LCIS is found by an excisional biopsy, it typically does not need further treatment. However, with pleomorphic or florid LCIS, it’s important that the edges (margins) of the biopsy specimen don’t contain LCIS cells (which might mean that some were left behind). If they do, the doctor may recommend a more extensive surgery to make sure all of it was removed.

• #27 Understanding Your Pathology Report: Lobular Carcinoma In Situ (LCIS) | American Cancer Society

  https://www.cancer.org/cancer/diagnosis-staging/tests/biopsy-and-cytology-tests/understanding-your-pathology-report/breast-pathology/lobular-carcinoma-in-situ.html

  The best way to treat LCIS found on a needle biopsy is not clear. […] For classic LCIS where there are no other concerning features, follow-up with breast exams and imaging tests (such as mammograms) might be all that is needed. […] For pleomorphic or florid LCIS found on needle biopsy, the doctor will most likely recommend that it be removed completely (with an excisional biopsy or some other type of breast-conserving surgery). An excisional biopsy may also be needed if the abnormal area seen on the mammogram doesn’t look typical for LCIS. If you have LCIS found on needle biopsy, discuss your options with your doctor. […] Because LCIS increases a person’s risk of breast cancer later on, your doctor might talk to you about lifestyle changes and/or taking medicine to lower your risk of breast cancer.

• #28 Contemporary management of ductal carcinoma in situ and lobular carcinoma in situ – Obeng-Gyasi – Chinese Clinical Oncology

  https://cco.amegroups.org/article/view/10361/html

  Due to concerns that PLCIS is more aggressive and exhibits histologic and molecular characteristics similar to DCIS, the NCCN, European Society of Medical Oncology (ESMO) and NHSBSP all recommend excision with negative margins. […] For patients with LN and other risk factors such as family history of breast cancer, genetic abnormalities, or extremely dense breasts bilateral prophylactic mastectomy (BPM) can be offered as a risk reduction strategy. […] Studies report a 90-95% risk reduction among patients who undergo BPM. […] However, there is general consensus that this represents a more invasive treatment than is warranted for most patients, particularly for those patients who lack genetic predisposition for breast cancer. […] The American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO) and the NCCN recommend placing high-risk (Gail model risk 1.7% or history of LCIS) premenopausal women on selective estrogen receptor modulators (SERM) and post-menopausal women on AIs. […] Specifically, tamoxifen for premenopausal women and raloxifene or exemestane for post-menopausal women. […] These studies show chemoprevention as an acceptable alternative to surgery or active surveillance in appropriately selected individuals with LCIS.

• #29 Lobular Carcinoma In Situ LCIS Newport Beach | Dr Sadia Khan

  https://drsadiakhan.com/lobular-carcinoma-in-situ/

  Treatment for LCIS will vary from patient to patient depending on a number of factors, such as a womans personal preference and individual risk levels for developing invasive breast cancer in the future. […] After an LCIS diagnosis, a breast specialist may recommend regular screening and surveillance to monitor changes in the breasts, medication (also known as preventive therapy), or surgery, depending on the womans family history and individual risk levels.

• #30

  https://www.advocatehealth.com/health-services/cancer-institute/cancers-we-treat/breast-cancer/lobular-carcinoma-in-situ

  Lobular carcinoma in situ (LCIS) is a noncancerous condition where abnormal cells form in the milk ducts of the breast. […] Your LCIS treatment will be personalized to you. Your doctor will consider your overall health and personal preferences, along with any risk factors you may have. […] Treatment for LCIS involves one of the following approaches: […] Risk-reducing medications: Selective estrogen receptor modulators or aromatase inhibitors may be prescribed to block estrogen receptors in the breasts. This helps reduce your risk of developing invasive breast cancer. […] Observation: Since LCIS is noncancerous, regular checkups and monthly self-exams are the most used treatment option. Your doctor may also suggest annual mammograms to check for any changes in the breast tissue. […] Preventive mastectomy: The removal of one or both breasts to reduce the risk of developing invasive breast cancer. Skin-sparing and nipple-sparing mastectomies may be offered, depending on the proximity of the LCIS to those structures. […] Surgical treatments: A lumpectomy may be an option, where your surgeon removes any cancerous and abnormal tissue, some healthy tissue and lymph nodes under the arm. After surgery, your doctor will deliver radiation therapy into an open incision.

• #31 LCIS: Symptoms, Causes, Diagnosis, Treatment & More

  https://www.healthline.com/health/lcis

  LCIS is not cancer, so active treatment may not be necessary. […] Your doctor may recommend removing the abnormal tissue. Surgical options include breast excisional biopsy or breast conserving surgery (lumpectomy) to remove the abnormal area plus a margin of healthy tissue. […] Another option is prophylactic mastectomy, which is surgical removal of the breast to lower the risk of breast cancer. […] Cancer treatments such as chemotherapy and radiation therapy are not needed. If you’re at high risk for breast cancer due to other reasons, your doctor might recommend preventive medicine (chemoprevention) such as tamoxifen or raloxifene. […] Treatment is not always necessary, but your doctor may recommend removing it. Treatment is tailored to the individual depending on the overall risk of breast cancer and personal preferences.

• #32 Mayo Clinic Health Library – Lobular carcinoma in situ (LCIS) | Swiss Medical Network

  https://www.swissmedical.net/en/healtcare-library/con-20374514

  Discuss with your doctor the risks and benefits of taking a drug for breast cancer prevention to see if it’s the best course of treatment for you. […] Surgery may be recommended in certain situations. […] Another option for treating LCIS is preventive (prophylactic) mastectomy. This surgery removes both breasts not just the breast affected with LCIS to reduce your risk of developing invasive breast cancer.

• #33 I am diagnosed with lobular carcinoma 3 years ago. Please help.

  https://www.icliniq.com/qa/invasive-lobular-carcinoma/what-is-the-best-treatment-for-stage-1-invasive-lobular-carcinoma

  Early-stage breast cancer is treated with curative intent, based on receptor status, tumor size, and lymph node involvement. For stage 1 invasive lobular carcinoma (HER2-positive, ER-positive, PR-negative), treatment may begin with surgery if the tumor is under 2 inches and the nodes are clear. Post-surgery, chemotherapy, HER2-targeted therapy (for example Trastuzumab or Herceptin), and five to ten years of Tamoxifen or aromatase inhibitors reduce recurrence risk. […] If the tumor is over two inches or nodes are involved, preoperative chemotherapy and HER2-targeted therapy are needed. Breast-conserving surgery often requires radiation. Genetic testing for BRCA1, BRCA2, and CDH1 mutations is advised for younger patients to assess risks. Recurrence risk is highest in the first five years, so regular follow-ups are essential. Diet and lifestyle help but can not replace proper medical treatment.

• #34 Lobular carcinoma in situ (LCIS) – Augusta HealthSearchClose SearchSearch IconSearch IconClose Search IconMobile Menu IconMobile Menu Close IconInstagramFacebookTwitterYoutube

  https://www.augustahealth.com/disease/lobular-carcinoma-in-situ-lcis/

  A number of factors, including your personal preferences, come into play when you decide whether to undergo treatment for lobular carcinoma in situ (LCIS). […] There are three main approaches to treatment: […] Careful observation […] Taking a medication to reduce cancer risk (preventive therapy) […] Surgery […] If you’ve been diagnosed with LCIS, your doctor may recommend more frequent exams to closely monitor your breasts for signs of cancer. […] Preventive therapy (chemoprevention) involves taking a medication to reduce your risk of breast cancer. […] Preventive therapy options include: […] Medications that block hormones from attaching to cancer cells. […] Discuss with your doctor the risks and benefits of taking a drug for breast cancer prevention to see if it’s the best course of treatment for you. […] Surgery may be recommended in certain situations. […] Another option for treating LCIS is preventive (prophylactic) mastectomy. […] If you have LCIS, you might consider participating in a clinical trial exploring an emerging therapy for preventing breast cancer.

• #35 LCIS lobular carcinoma in situ – Moose and Doc

  https://breast-cancer.ca/lobcis/

  If you have a diagnosis of LCIS, your doctor may recommend more frequent exams to closely monitor your breasts for signs of cancer, these may include: frequent self-exams, clinical breast exams, screening mammograms, other imaging techniques such as MRI. […] In addition, two selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM) drugs may reduce the risk of invasive breast cancer. These medications are Tamoxifen or Raloxifene. You could also consider participating in a clinical trial as well, to explore any emerging, new therapy for preventing breast cancer.

• #36 Case: Lobular Carcinoma in Situ (LCIS) – Radiology | UCLA Health

  https://www.uclahealth.org/departments/radiology/education/breast-imaging-teaching-resources/cases/case-lcis

  Lobular carcinoma in situ (LCIS) is a noninvasive lesion of the breast considered to be a nonobligate precursor of invasive lobular carcinoma. […] The management of LCIS is currently evolving and varies across institutions, with some recommending surgical excision and others surveillance. […] According to 2023 NCCN guidelines, a core biopsy showing classic LCIS can be managed without surgical excision, which should be considered on a case-by-case basis. If excision is not performed, the patient is recommended to undergo close follow-up with mammogram and breast MRI screening. […] Chemoprevention with selective estrogen receptor modulators or aromatase inhibitors can reduce the risk of breast cancer in patients with LCIS.

• #37 Lobular Carcinoma In Situ during Preoperative Biopsy and the Rate of Upgrade

  https://www.e-crt.org/journal/view.php?number=3347

  The current study showed a relatively high rate of upgrade of LCIS on preoperative biopsy to DCIS or invasive cancer. The presence of microcalcification and progesterone receptor expression may be potential predictors of upgradation of LCIS on preoperative biopsy. Surgical excision of the LCIS during preoperative biopsy could be a management option to identify the concealed malignancy. […] Traditionally, an excision is recommended for patients with lobular carcinoma in situ (LCIS) diagnosed on core needle biopsy. However, the management of LCIS has been controversial, and some authors advocate observation rather than surgical excision. […] The National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) guidelines recommend active surveillance, surgical excision, and/or other interventions such as counseling for lifestyle modification, medication, or surgery for reducing the risk of breast cancer in patients with LCIS diagnosed on core needle biopsy. Surgical excision should be considered only in patients with pleomorphic LCIS or lesions that are non-concordant with imaging findings.

• #38 LCIS (Lobular carcinoma in situ)

  https://www.bcna.org.au/resources/about-breast-cancer/lcis/

  LCIS is a rare breast condition that doctors consider to be non-cancerous (benign). However, there is a link between having LCIS and developing breast cancer later in life. […] People with LCIS have a very good prognosis. The evidence shows that LCIS does not need to be surgically removed or treated in other ways to maintain that good prognosis. […] We explain the condition, how it is diagnosed, and when treatment may be necessary.

• #39 :: Journal of Breast Disease

  https://www.jbd.or.kr/m/journal/view.php?number=128

  Recent guidelines recommend that risk management, including close follow-up, risk-reducing medication, or preventative mastectomy, should be considered for women with LCIS. […] Routine surgical excision, however, is not recommended for the management of LCIS. […] The results of the present study demonstrated that women with LCIS have excellent oncologic outcomes, with no recurrence or subsequent invasive cancer development over a 5 year period after excision surgery. […] The majority of patients received tamoxifen therapy, which effectively reduces the incidence of not only subsequent invasive cancer, but also contralateral breast cancer. […] The results of the present study showed an excellent prognosis for LCIS, whether the patient was treated with or without radiation therapy. […] There is still not sufficient evidence to evaluate the impact of radiation therapy for the treatment of LCIS.

• #40

  https://step2.medbullets.com/oncology/120424/lobular-carcinoma-in-situ-lcis

  Medical […] tamoxifen […] indications […] higher-risk patients to reduce future invasive carcinoma risk […] close follow-up […] frequent scheduled exams […] mammographic screening of both breasts […] Surgical […] excisional biopsy […] indications […] high-risk patients […] bilateral mastectomy […] indications […] to reduce risk of developing invasive carcinoma in ipsilateral or contralateral breast […] in patients who have family history of premenopausal breast carcinoma […] […] […] Complications […] Development of invasive carcinoma […] […] […] Prognosis […] Very good […] majority of women with LCIS will not develop invasive breast cancer

• #41 Lobular Carcinoma In Situ (LCIS) – National Breast Cancer Foundation

  https://www.nationalbreastcancer.org/lobular-carcinoma-in-situ/

  Lobular Carcinoma In Situ (LCIS) is highly treatable and seldom becomes invasive cancer. […] However, having LCIS in one breast increases the risk of developing breast cancer in either breast.

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