Materiały źródłowe

• #1 Pharmacotherapy for Gastroparesis: An Attempt to Evaluate a Safer Alternative

  https://www.jnmjournal.org/journal/view.html?doi=10.5056/jnm.2010.16.4.350

  Gastroparesis is a syndrome characterized by symptomatic impairment of transit of foods from stomach to the duodenum in absence of mechanical obstruction. […] Diet that prolongs gastric emptying should be avoided. These include diet rich in fat and fiber. […] If patient is on drugs that may prolong gastric emptying, such drugs should be stopped. […] Small frequent meals may help the patients. […] If a specific cause, such as diabetes mellitus or hypothyroidism is detected, treatment directed against this cause may lead to recovery from gastroparesis. […] In spite of all the limitations of the study mentioned above, it is an important step to find out a safer alternative to pharmacotherapy of gastroparesis as „A journey of a thousand miles begins with a small step” Lao Tzu, Chinese Founder of Taoism (570-490 BC).

• #2 Gastroparesis for the nongastroenterologist | Cleveland Clinic Journal of Medicine

  https://www.ccjm.org/content/91/6/373

  Gastroparesis is a heterogeneous motility disorder characterized by nausea, vomiting, and postprandial fullness. Its diagnosis requires objective documentation of delayed gastric emptying of solid food and exclusion of mechanical obstruction. Management involves nutritional assessment, dietary changes, drug evaluation, glycemic control (for patients with diabetes mellitus), and symptom relief. […] Management of gastroparesis aims to improve symptoms and gastric emptying. It includes improving nutritional status through dietary modifications, minimizing or avoiding drugs such as opioids, achieving glycemic control in patients with diabetes, treating underlying causes, and instituting pharmacologic and nonpharmacologic options when indicated. […] A comprehensive strategy for managing gastroparesis includes optimizing nutritional status (balance between nutrients acquired from food and beverages and their use by the body for essential functions), improving gastric emptying, reversing iatrogenic causes, and achieving glycemic control in patients with diabetes. It is crucial to avoid medications that exacerbate the gastric emptying delay, such as opioids and GLP-1 receptor agonists. The first-line approach is to educate patients on a small-particle diet.

• #2 Gastroparesis for the nongastroenterologist | Cleveland Clinic Journal of Medicine

  https://www.ccjm.org/content/91/6/373

  In cases of severe gastroparesis despite medical and nutritional interventions, it may be necessary to consider inserting a jejunal feeding tube to bypass the stomach and deliver the formula directly into the small bowel. […] Patients with severe gastroparesis frequently need hospitalization to address their condition, including intravenous hydration to correct metabolic imbalances, nasoenteric decompression, and temporary parenteral nutrition for those experiencing significant weight loss and difficulties with oral intake.

• #3 Treatment for Gastroparesis – NIDDK

  https://www.niddk.nih.gov/health-information/digestive-diseases/gastroparesis/treatment

  Gastroparesis without a known cause, called idiopathic gastroparesis, cannot be prevented. […] If you have diabetes, you can prevent or delay nerve damage that can cause gastroparesis by keeping your blood glucose levels within the target range that your doctor thinks is best for you. Meal planning, physical activity, and medicines, if needed, can help you keep your blood glucose levels within your target range.

• #4 Digestion and Diabetes | Diabetes | CDC

  https://www.cdc.gov/diabetes/diabetes-complications/diabetes-and-digestion.html

  Diabetes is the most common cause of a stomach problem called gastroparesis. […] Find out why, and learn ways to prevent or manage gastroparesis. […] Managing your blood sugar levels can help to prevent or delay gastroparesis. If you already have gastroparesis, this can also help you manage it to avoid other serious health problems. […] Eat frequent, small meals that are low in fat and fiber. Fat, fiber, and large meals can delay stomach emptying and make symptoms worse. […] Limit or avoid alcohol. […] If you smoke, quit as soon as you can. […] Be physically active.

• #5 Gastroparesis Symptoms & Treatment | UT Physicians

  https://www.utphysicians.com/gastroparesis-understanding-the-condition-and-its-treatment/

  Gastroparesis can affect patients with persistently, poorly controlled diabetes. Studies point to a connection with neurologic diabetic complications of prolonged hyperglycemia negatively impacting gastrointestinal motility, Cash said. […] The first line of therapy for patients experiencing gastroparesis symptoms is to decrease the size of meals and increase the number of small meals per day to maintain caloric intake. By this method, the digestive work of the stomach is eased before moving food to the small intestine. In addition, for patients with diabetic gastroparesis, optimizing blood glucose levels is another important component of treatment. […] Cash recommends the following tips for management: Eat smaller and more frequent meals. Diminish fatty food intake, because dietary fat slows digestive motility. Lower intake of sugars and work with health care providers to improve blood glucose levels if consistently elevated. Avoid highly acidic, spicy, or roughage-heavy foods that are harder for the stomach to digest that may lead to heartburn or regurgitation symptoms. Supplement dietary intake with high-calorie, liquid-based meals. Remain upright after eating for at least three hours and avoid immediately lying down after a meal.

• #6 Diabetes Mellitus: Management of Gastrointestinal Complications | AAFP

  https://www.aafp.org/pubs/afp/issues/2016/1215/p980.html

  Gastrointestinal disorders are common complications of diabetes mellitus and include gastroparesis […] Glycemic control improves or reverses most gastrointestinal complications of diabetes. […] GI symptoms of diabetes tend to be preventable, controllable, and sometimes reversible with tighter glycemic control. […] When gastroparesis secondary to diabetes is suspected, laboratory testing and imaging should be tailored to rule out other diagnoses suggested by the history and physical examination findings […] Treatment for chronic gastroparesis begins with smaller, more frequent meals (as many as six to eight per day) and taking in more calories in semisolid or liquid form. […] Hyperglycemia exacerbates symptoms of gastroparesis, so glucose control should be optimized, which may improve gastric emptying and reduce symptoms in the acute setting.

• #7 Gastroparesis – familydoctor.org

  https://familydoctor.org/condition/gastroparesis/

  Change your eating habits. Changing your eating habits can help control gastroparesis. However, make sure you get the proper nutrition and liquids. […] If your symptoms are moderate to severe, your doctor may recommend drinking only liquids. He or she may recommend eating well-cooked foods that have been chopped into small bites or processed in a blender. […] Controlling blood glucose levels. If you have gastroparesis and diabetes, you will need to control your blood glucose levels. This includes hyperglycemia. Hyperglycemia, or high blood sugar levels, can delay the emptying of food from your stomach. Your doctor will work with you to keep your blood glucose levels stable. […] Your doctor may also recommend: Taking insulin more often. You may need to change the type of insulin you take. Taking insulin after meals instead of before. Checking your blood glucose levels more frequently after eating and only taking insulin when you need it.

• #8 Gastroparesis | UK Healthcare

  https://ukhealthcare.uky.edu/barnstable-brown-diabetes-center/diabetes-complications/gastroparesis

  People with diabetes may be able to prevent or delay the nerve damage that can lead to gastroparesis by managing their blood sugar levels and keeping them in the range recommended by their health care provider.

• #9 A New Paradigm Shift in Gastroparesis Management

  https://www.gutnliver.org/journal/view.html?volume=16&number=6&spage=825

  Dietary modification with small frequent meals of low-fat, low-caloric, low-fiber diet should be adopted by all patients. […] Careful restoration of water and electrolyte balances with close monitoring of refeeding syndrome is the cornerstone of initial treatment. […] Medical treatment of gastroparesis is largely limited by long-term adverse effects of available medications, tachyphylaxis, and availability. […] Prokinetics remain the mainstay of pharmacotherapy. […] Currently, the most promising endoscopic therapy is G-POEM, also known as peroral endoscopic pyloromyotomy, which is a novel therapy for refractory gastroparesis. […] Due to limited therapeutic options and growing number of patients suffering from refractory gastroparesis, G-POEM was quickly adopted. […] With recent advances in unfolding the complex pathophysiology of gastroparesis, more practical diagnostic modalities, and minimally invasive therapeutic options, management paradigm of gastroparesis has shifted significantly with an aim to become curative and more individualized.

• #10 Prevention & Management Tips – About Gastroparesis

  https://aboutgastroparesis.org/living-with-gastroparesis/prevention-management-tips/

  Taking some preventative steps can help you ease symptoms, lessen the unwanted effects on your daily life, and enhance your well-being. […] Work with a registered dietician (RD) or nutrition support specialist (nurse or doctor) to design a dietary plan to meet your individual needs; understand how to use and maintain dietary and nutritional therapies. […] Eat frequent, small meals that are low in fat and fiber. Fat, fiber, and large meals can delay stomach emptying and worsen symptoms. […] If you have diabetes, maintain good glucose control. Irregular stomach emptying can negatively affect blood sugar levels. Keeping your blood sugar under control may help stomach emptying. […] Avoid or reduce alcohol and smoking tobacco. These can slow gastric emptying. […] Seek appropriate care and take an active role in your health. Working along with your provider or health care team will help control, reduce, or prevent symptoms and complications.

• #11 Gastroparesis: Causes, symptoms, and natural remedies

  https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/313873

  Natural remedies include eating small, frequent meals and avoiding foods that lead to bloating. […] Dietary modifications are important for people with gastroparesis. Steps to take can include: small, frequent meals, avoiding raw or uncooked fruits and vegetables, avoiding fibrous fruits and vegetables, eating liquid foods such as soups or pureed foods, eating foods low in fat, drinking water during meals, gentle exercise following meals, such as walking, avoiding fizzy drinks, smoking, and alcohol, not lying down within 2 hours after eating. […] Small changes in diet, such as eating soups, may help people with gastroparesis.

• #12 Gastroparesis Treatment Options | Temple Health

  https://www.templehealth.org/services/conditions/gastroparesis/treatment-options

  Establishing a healthy diet and smart eating habits is an important step in managing gastroparesis. […] Simple changes can help move food through the intestines and be easier on your stomach, including: Eat small meals more frequently. Chew food thoroughly. Stay upright for one hour after eating. Eat well-cooked foods. Avoid raw and fibrous fruits and vegetables. Choose lean protein, including chicken and turkey, instead of high-fat meats. Eat low-fat foods. Eat soups and pureed food. Avoid tobacco, alcohol and carbonated drinks.

• #13 Gastroparesis – Southeast Valley Gastroenterology

  https://www.sevgastro.com/patient-education/stomach-and-small-bowel/gastroparesis/

  When a person has severe symptoms, a liquid or pured diet may be prescribed. As liquids tend to empty more quickly from the stomach, some people may find a pured diet helps improve symptoms. Pured fresh or cooked fruits and vegetables can be incorporated into shakes and soups. A health care provider may recommend a dietitian to help a person plan meals that minimize symptoms and ensure all nutritional needs are met.

• #13 Gastroparesis – Southeast Valley Gastroenterology

  https://www.sevgastro.com/patient-education/stomach-and-small-bowel/gastroparesis/

  Changing eating habits can sometimes help control the severity of gastroparesis symptoms. A health care provider may suggest eating six small meals a day instead of three large ones. If less food enters the stomach each time a person eats, the stomach may not become overly full, allowing it to empty more easily. Chewing food well, drinking noncarbonated liquids with a meal, and walking or sitting for 2 hours after a mealinstead of lying downmay assist with gastric emptying. […] A health care provider may also recommend avoiding high-fat and fibrous foods. Fat naturally slows digestion and some raw vegetables and fruits are more difficult to digest than other foods. Some foods, such as oranges and broccoli, contain fibrous parts that do not digest well. People with gastroparesis should minimize their intake of large portions of these foods because the undigested parts may remain in the stomach too long.

• #14 GASTROPARESIS – Los Angeles, CA: Gastroenterology Associates of Beverly Hills

  https://www.gastrobh.com/contents/patient-info/dietary-education/gastroparesis

  Gastroparesis interferes with your ability to grind, mix, and digest your food properly. These guidelines may help reduce the side effects: […] Consume small, frequent meals, four to six times/day […] Limit fiber foods to 10 grams (g)/day, avoiding: […] Eat low-fat foods, and avoid foods high in fatfats, including vegetable oils, naturally cause a delay in stomach emptying […] Do not lie down for at least 1 hour after meals […] Try to keep a daily routinestress can bring on or worsen symptoms […] Review all medications and over-the-counter products with your doctorsome medications can slow down digestion […] Keep your blood sugar under control, if you have diabetes, and let your doctor know if your blood sugar consistently runs higher than 200.

• #15 Understanding Gastroparesis and its Prevention – Voyage Medical

  https://voyagemedical.com/understanding-gastroparesis-and-its-prevention/

  Gastroparesis is a condition characterized by delayed stomach emptying, often resulting in symptoms like nausea, vomiting, and bloating. […] While certain risk factors for gastroparesis, such as diabetes, cant be changed, there are steps individuals can take to reduce the risk of developing this condition. […] Eating smaller, more frequent meals throughout the day instead of three large meals can ease digestion and reduce stomach strain. […] Staying well-hydrated is crucial for optimal digestion. […] Reducing or avoiding carbonated beverages can help minimize bloating and discomfort. […] Engaging in regular physical activity promotes overall health, including digestive wellness. […] Stress can affect digestion negatively. […] Adhere to prescribed medications. […] For individuals with diabetes, managing blood sugar levels is essential.

• #15 Understanding Gastroparesis and its Prevention – Voyage Medical

  https://voyagemedical.com/understanding-gastroparesis-and-its-prevention/

  Smoking can hinder digestive processes, so quitting smoking is beneficial for overall digestive health. […] Excessive alcohol consumption can disrupt stomach function. […] Address any digestive symptoms promptly. […] Seek advice from healthcare providers or dietitians to create personalized dietary plans. […] While complete prevention of gastroparesis may not always be achievable, adopting these lifestyle changes and mindful habits can significantly reduce the risk of developing this condition and alleviate associated symptoms. […] Prioritizing a balanced diet, staying active, managing stress, and seeking medical advice for existing health conditions are pivotal in promoting digestive wellness and potentially preventing gastroparesis.

• #16 Clinician Insights on How to Manage Semaglutide-Induced Gastroparesis: Part II

  https://www.gastroenterologyadvisor.com/features/how-to-manage-semaglutide-induced-gastroparesis-bono-do-yusupov-do/

  If symptoms persist despite dietary and lifestyle modifications or become severe, semaglutide needs to be stopped. […] One recommendation would be smaller meals, which can help alleviate nausea by reducing the amount of food that needs to be digested at once. Smaller, more frequent meals can help to stabilize blood sugar levels, which, in turn, can help to prevent nausea caused by dips in blood sugar. […] Patients should be counseled to eat smaller meals, avoid foods with high fat content, as well as avoid eating close to their bedtime. […] The approach to gastroparesis management in this patient population is similar to current guidelines. […] It is critical to advise patients to drink plenty of water (I recommend 64 oz of water a day).

• #17 Gastroparesis: Know Your Risk and Treatment Options

  https://mydoctor.kaiserpermanente.org/mas/news/gastroparesis-know-your-risk-and-treatment-options-2050914

  Regardless of the cause, gastroparesis is treated the same way for most patients. Often, simple dietary changes can alleviate symptoms. This is especially true for patients with uncontrolled diabetes. Here are some tips: […] Eat small, frequent meals. […] Chew food thoroughly. […] Reduce fiber intake. […] Eat low-fat and non-fat foods. […] Drink enough fluids to prevent dehydration. Dehydration can make you feel nauseous. […] Keep your blood sugar under control. […] Avoid alcohol. […] Exercise. Going for a walk after meals can help empty the stomach and relieve symptoms.

• #18 Gastroparesis treatment in Red Wing – Mayo Clinic Health System

  https://www.mayoclinichealthsystem.org/locations/red-wing/services-and-treatments/gastroenterology-and-hepatology/digestive-disorders/gastroparesis

  Gastroparesis is a condition that affects the normal spontaneous movement of the muscles (motility) in your stomach. Ordinarily, strong muscular contractions propel food through your digestive tract. But if you have gastroparesis, your stomach’s motility is slowed down or doesn’t work at all, preventing your stomach from emptying properly. […] Maintaining adequate nutrition is the most important goal in the treatment of gastroparesis. Many people can manage gastroparesis with dietary changes. Your doctor may refer you to a dietitian who can work with you to find foods that are easier for you to digest. This can help you get enough calories and nutrients from the food you eat. […] We offer nutrition services and clinical dietetics for patients who may need assistance adapting to dietary changes. Our team of registered dieticians are committed to providing exceptional patient-centered services using evidence-based medical nutrition therapy to meet the needs of patients and their families.

• #19 Exploring the Future of Gastroparesis Treatment Through Groundbreaking Clinical Trials

  https://www.sunresearch.com/post/exploring-the-future-of-gastroparesis-treatment-through-groundbreaking-clinical-trials

  Gastroparesis clinical trials […] However, hope is on the horizon. Gastroparesis clinical trials are paving the way for more advanced treatments, potentially offering better management and, in some cases, a cure for the condition. […] This is where clinical trials become crucial. By testing new therapies and drugs in clinical trial settings, researchers are working tirelessly to discover treatments that go beyond symptom control and focus on addressing the root cause of gastroparesis. […] For patients with gastroparesis, participating in a clinical trial offers the potential to gain access to novel treatments that may not yet be available through traditional healthcare channels. […] Several clinical trials for gastroparesis are currently underway, focusing on a variety of treatment approaches.

• #20 Exploring the Future of Gastroparesis Treatment Through Groundbreaking Clinical Trials

  https://www.sunresearch.com/post/exploring-the-future-of-gastroparesis-treatment-through-groundbreaking-clinical-trials

  Clinical trials are also testing implantable devices that provide electrical stimulation directly to the stomach. […] Clinical trials are exploring the use of stem cells to promote healing in the gastrointestinal tract, potentially offering a long-term solution for those with gastroparesis caused by nerve damage. […] Clinical trials are evaluating innovative surgical techniques to improve gastric emptying and relieve symptoms. […] Participating in a clinical trial in San Antonio can provide access to new medications, devices, and therapies that could significantly improve the quality of life for gastroparesis patients. […] The future of gastroparesis treatment looks incredibly promising thanks to ongoing research and the commitment of medical professionals and researchers.

• #21 Can Fiber and Probiotics Assist with Gastroparesis Prevention? — Gastro Florida

  https://gastrofl.com/can-fiber-and-probiotics-assist-with-gastroparesis-prevention/

  Can Fiber and Probiotics Assist with Gastroparesis Prevention? […] Hence, fiber and probiotics form a symbiotic relationship, creating a powerful duo for optimal gut health. Ensuring a diet rich in fiber and probiotics may assist with preventing gastroparesis. […] There indeed are potential benefits of dietary fiber for Gastroparesis prevention. […] However, it is worth noting that while fiber is generally beneficial, individuals with gastroparesis are often advised to modify their fiber intake since it can slow stomach emptying and cause bloating, a common symptom of gastroparesis. […] It is always advisable to consult with a healthcare provider or a nutrition expert when making substantial dietary changes, especially when dealing with a medical condition like gastroparesis. […] Adopting the right nutrition and lifestyle habits is pivotal in protecting your digestive health, particularly if you have or are at risk of developing gastroparesis. Start by focusing on a balanced diet rich in fruits, vegetables, lean proteins, and whole grains, while also incorporating probiotics and fiber in moderation. […] Remember, it’s always advisable to consult with a healthcare professional before implementing new dietary or lifestyle changes.

• #22 Gastroparesis Information & Treatment

  https://www.columbiadoctors.org/health-library/condition/gastroparesis/

  Try changing how you eat. Or you can take medicine to help with symptoms. […] Eat several small meals each day rather than three large meals. […] Eat foods that are low in fiber and fat. […] If your doctor suggests it, take medicines that help the stomach empty more quickly. These are called motility agents.

• #23 Gastroparesis

  http://healthlibrary.wvumedicine.org/Library/DiseasesConditions/Pediatric/Infectious/85,P00370

  Gastroparesis is a disorder involving your stomach muscles. It happens when your stomach muscles take too long to move and empty out food into your small intestine. […] In most cases, gastroparesis is a long-term (chronic) condition. […] You are more likely to have gastroparesis if you have type 1 or type 2 diabetes. […] If you have diabetes and gastroparesis, the main goal is to control your blood sugar levels. […] Changing your eating habits can also help control the disease. In some cases, eating 6 smaller meals a day is more helpful than eating 3 larger ones. […] Your care plan may include taking medicines, changing your diet, having surgery to insert a feeding tube in the abdomen, and feeding by IV (intravenously). […] Treatment will not cure gastroparesis, but it can help you manage the disease.

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