Materiały źródłowe

• #1 Diverticulitis – Symptoms and causes – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/diverticulitis/symptoms-causes/syc-20371758

  Diverticula gradually develop over time in the walls of the colon. They are common in older adults. Pressure in the colon possibly from spasms or straining may cause diverticula to form where the wall of the colon is weak. […] Diverticulitis is inflammation of one or more diverticula. This may happen because of bacterial disease or damage to diverticula tissues.

• #2 Diverticulitis: Symptoms, Causes & Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/10352-diverticulitis

  Diverticulitis is inflammation in your diverticula, which are small pockets that can develop on the inside of your colon. […] Inflammation in your diverticula often involves a tear in the lining and infection, though its not always clear which came first. On one hand, diverticula make great hiding places for bacteria to set up camp and multiply. […] A bacterial infection might trigger inflammation, and inflammation might cause a diverticulum to swell and tear. […] On the other hand, if a diverticulum tears for another reason, it can easily become infected by normal levels of bacteria living in your colon. […] Some studies have suggested that cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection in your colon might be a significant factor in triggering diverticulitis. […] Diverticulitis seems to occur incidentally (by chance). But genetics might be partly involved in getting diverticulosis. […] Its also possible that genetics could influence your likelihood of developing chronic inflammation.

• #3 Diverticulitis: Symptoms, Causes, Diagnosis, Treatment, Surgery

  https://www.webmd.com/digestive-disorders/understanding-diverticulitis-basics

  Diverticula can develop when weak places in your colon give way, causing small pouches to protrude through your colon wall. Diverticulitis happens when the diverticula tear, causing swelling and sometimes infection. […] Doctors aren’t sure why some people get diverticulitis while some don’t. Studies suggest that your genes might play a role. Most people with diverticulitis are unaware they have it. […] Your chances of getting diverticulitis increase as you age. Its more common when you’re over 40. […] Some risk factors include: Being overweight, Smoking cigarettes, Not getting enough exercise, Eating lots of fat and red meat but not much fiber, Taking certain kinds of drugs, including steroids, opioids, and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatories, such as ibuprofen or naproxen. […] It’s unknown what causes diverticulitis. Your genes may play a role. Other causes may include eating lots of red meat, not getting enough exercise, being overweight, and smoking.

• #4 What is Diverticulitis? | Diverticulitis Symptoms and Treatments

  https://www.gastroconsa.com/patient-education/diverticular-disease/

  What causes diverticular disease? […] Nobody knows the exact cause of diverticular disease, but researchers think certain factors could contribute, like: […] Genetics Research suggests that diverticular disease may be passed down genetically. […] Lifestyle Some lifestyle factors may contribute to diverticular disease, including: A low fiber diet that is high in red meat, Not enough physical activity, Obesity, Smoking, Some medications, like NSAIDs. […] Bacteria trapped in diverticula […] Changes in the gut microbiome […] Immune system issues […] Connective tissue, muscle, or nerve problems. […] Researchers aren’t certain what causes diverticulosis to progress to diverticulitis. It may be due to feces, food, or bacteria becoming lodged in the diverticula.

• #5 Diverticulitis: Practice Essentials, Background, Pathophysiology

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/173388-overview

  Diverticulitis is defined as an inflammation of one or more diverticula. Its pathogenesis remains unclear. Fecal material or undigested food particles may collect in a diverticulum, causing obstruction. This obstruction may result in distention of the diverticula secondary to mucous secretion and overgrowth of normal colonic bacteria. Vascular compromise and subsequent microperforation or macroperforation then ensue. Alternatively, some investigators believe that increased intraluminal pressure or inspissated food particles cause erosion of the diverticular wall, resulting in inflammation, focal necrosis, and perforation. […] It has been postulated that diverticulitis may also result from alterations in immune responses and in the intestinal bacteria, or gut microbiome. As small tears develop in the colon and become inflamed/infected, diverticulitis results. The microbiome is a prominent area of focus in current research. Investigators hope to isolate and grow bacteria from stool samples of individuals with asymptomatic diverticulosis and those with acute diverticulitis. Should these bacterial populations statistically differ, it may help clinicians to understand which patients are at a greater risk of developing diverticulitis. It may also allow the treatment of such changes in microbiota and the prevention of complicated disease.

• #5 Diverticulitis: Practice Essentials, Background, Pathophysiology

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/173388-overview

  Diverticular disease (diverticulosis, diverticulitis) is a general term that refers to the presence of diverticula, small pouches in the large intestinal (colonic) wall. These outpouchings arise when the inner layers of the colon push through weaknesses in the outer muscular layers. […] The cause of diverticulosis is unclear, but it has been associated with increased pressure from constipation or increasing abdominal girth in obesity. The classic high-fat and low-fiber diet of the Western culture may be a major contributor to the development of diverticulosis. The low-fiber diet is thought to predispose to diverticulosis owing to a slower fecal transit time and smaller stool weight. […] Dietary habits may also be a significant contributing factor in the development of diverticulosis, particularly given the global geographic distribution of this condition. Slow colonic transit time, heavy stool weight, and decreasing stool frequency (constipation) may contribute to diverticulum formation. Studies to determine which dietary components have the largest effect on stool habits have shown that the standard Western diet (eg, high red meat content, low fiber, refined sugar) has a strong association with the incidence of diverticulosis. However, causation remains to be proven.

• #6 What Is Diverticulitis? | Symptoms & Causes | Treating Diverticulitis Pain

  https://resources.healthgrades.com/right-care/digestive-health/diverticulitis

  Diverticulitis can occur when a diverticulum tears, leading to inflammation and infection. It is possible the diverticulum can become inflamed in the absence of a tear. […] Doctors don’t know exactly what causes diverticulitis, but there are several theories, including: Stool (feces) that becomes trapped in the diverticulum carries pathogenic bacteria that start an infection. […] Dried bits of fecal matter (fecalith) in the diverticulum tear the wall of the diverticulum leading to infection. […] Reduced blood supply in the diverticular wall leads to inflammation. […] In the past, doctors recommended patients with diverticular disease or a history of diverticulitis to avoid seeds and nuts. The thought was indigestible bits of food played a role in tearing the diverticula. A relatively recent study has cast doubt on this. The study followed large numbers of men over the course of 18 years. It found those who ate such foods were no more likely to develop diverticulitis than those who did not. The results suggested the nutritional benefit of eating nuts and seeds outweighs the risk of diverticulitis. […] Genetics plays a role in the development of diverticula, but not diverticulitis. People with a certain genetic background may have vulnerable areas along connective tissues, including the colon wall, and this is where diverticula are able to form.

• #7 Diverticulosis | Diverticulitis | MedlinePlus

  https://medlineplus.gov/diverticulosisanddiverticulitis.html

  Diverticulitis may come on suddenly. It can sometimes cause serious health problems. […] Researchers aren’t sure what causes diverticulosis and diverticulitis. They think certain factors may play a role in causing or increasing the risk for these conditions, including: […] Certain genes may make some people more likely to develop the conditions. […] Lifestyle factors such as: diets low in fiber and high in red meat, lack of physical activity, taking certain medicines, such as nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and steroids, having obesity, smoking. […] Researchers are also looking at other possible factors that may play a role in these conditions. Those factors include bacteria or stool (poop) getting caught in a pouch in your colon and changes in the microbiome in the intestines. Your microbiome is made up of the bacteria and other organisms in your intestines.

• #8 Diverticulitis: Symptoms, Causes, Diagnosis, Treatment, Surgery

  https://www.healthline.com/health/diverticulitis

  Diverticulitis develops when diverticula form on the wall of your colon and become inflamed or infected. […] The exact cause of why this happens is unknown, but research suggests it may be related to changes in the gut microbiome or due to chronic inflammation. […] Some factors associated with diverticulitis include smoking, having obesity, and eating a diet low in fiber or high in fat and red meat.

• #9 Diverticulitis – Wikipedia

  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diverticulitis

  The causes of diverticulitis are unclear. […] Risk factors may include obesity, lack of exercise, smoking, a family history of the disease, and use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). […] The role of a low fiber diet as a risk factor is unclear. […] Inflammation occurs between 10% and 25% at some point in time and is due to a bacterial infection. […] The causes of diverticulitis are poorly understood. Formation of diverticula is regarded as likely due to interactions of age, diet, colonic microbiota, genetic factors, colonic motility, and changes in colonic structure. […] A 2021 review estimated that 50% of the risk of diverticulitis was attributable to genetic factors. […] Conditions that increase the risk of developing diverticulitis include arterial hypertension and immunosuppression.

• #9 Diverticulitis – Wikipedia

  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diverticulitis

  Low levels of vitamin D have been associated with an increased risk of diverticulitis. […] A 2022 study found that more frequent bowel movements appeared to be a risk factor for subsequent diverticulitis both in men and women. […] Obesity has been regarded as a risk factor for diverticulitis. […] It is unclear what role dietary fiber plays in diverticulitis. […] It is often stated that a diet low in fiber is a risk factor; however, the evidence to support this is unclear. […] Red meat consumption, particularly unprocessed red meat, has been associated with higher diverticulitis risk. […] A 2017 analysis found a dietary pattern high in red meat, refined grains, and high-fat dairy was associated with an increased risk of incident diverticulitis whereas a dietary pattern high in fruits, vegetables, and whole grains was associated with decreased risk.

• #10 Causes and Risk Factors of Diverticulitis

  https://www.health.com/diverticulitis-causes-7642759

  Some research suggests that diverticulitis may develop due to chronic inflammation in the colon (large intestine). Factors like diet and underlying autoimmune conditions are linked to chronic inflammation and may contribute to the development of diverticulitis. […] Research from 2019 and 2020 shows that diverticulosis and diverticulitis (diverticular disease) are hereditary. […] Researchers estimate that around 40-50% of the risk for diverticular disease is genetic. […] A diet low in fiber, high in red meat, and lacking in fruits and vegetables can increase your risk of diverticulitis. […] Smoking cigarettes increases the risk of diverticulitis. […] Diverticulitis is more common in people with obesity (BMI of 30.0 or higher). […] Several medications, including nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), opioids, and corticosteroids, increase the risk of diverticulitis.

• #10 Causes and Risk Factors of Diverticulitis

  https://www.health.com/diverticulitis-causes-7642759

  Lack of physical activity increases the risk of diverticulitis. […] Studies show that high blood pressure (hypertension) and immunodeficiency disorders such as kidney disease are associated with a higher risk of diverticulitis. […] Rates of diverticulitis are higher in Western countries where more low-fiber, high-sugar diets are common.

• #11 Diverticular Disease – Its causes, complications and treatment

  https://queenslandgastroenterology.com.au/news/what-do-you-know-about-diverticular-disease-causes-complications-and-its-treatment/

  Often discovered by chance during a colon cancer screening, diverticular disease is rather a widespread digestive disease, especially in countries like Australia, where we generally tend to eat a low-fibre diet. […] Age is a significant risk factor when discussing diverticular disease. It primarily affects older people, about 1 in 3 Australians aged over 45 have diverticular disease (Healthdirect Australia, 2018). A study has also confirmed that diverticular disease is rare before the age of 40 (Marinella and Muhanad, 2000). […] Doctors believe that the lack of fibre in our diet is a factor that leads to diverticular disease. This is why diverticular disease is relatively uncommon in parts of the world that have a diet rich in fibre. […] Research also suggests that environment and genetics may be responsible too. A study on familial diverticulitis indicates that genetics may account for 40% – 53% of disease incidence (Coble et al. 2017).

• #12 Diverticular disease and diverticulitis: causes, symptoms and treatment – The Pharmaceutical Journal

  https://pharmaceutical-journal.com/article/ld/diverticular-disease-and-diverticulitis-causes-symptoms-and-treatment

  While diverticular disease generally affects the sigmoid colon in Western populations, right-sided colonic disease is more common in Asian populations. The genetic element in the pathogenesis of diverticular disease has also been substantiated in sibling and twin studies. […] In 2018, a genome study identified 42 loci, of which 39 were novel, associated with diverticular disease. […] Chronic symptoms of diverticular disease, such as abdominal pain, bloating and altered bowel habit, can overlap with IBS, making diagnosis difficult.

• #13

  https://www2.hse.ie/conditions/diverticular-disease-and-diverticulitis/

  Diverticulitis is when you have diverticula that become inflamed or infected and you have more severe symptoms. […] It is not known why some people develop diverticula. But it is thought to be linked to age, diet and lifestyle, and your genes. […] As you get older, the walls of your large bowel become weaker. The pressure of hard stools passing through your bowels can cause diverticula. […] It’s thought that a lack of fibre is linked to diverticular disease and diverticulitis. […] Other things linked to an increased risk for diverticula include smoking, being overweight or obese, a history of constipation, and long-term, regular use of painkillers such as ibuprofen or aspirin. […] You’re more likely to get diverticula if a close relative has had diverticular disease. It is even more likely if they were diagnosed before they were 50.

• #14 Diverticulosis – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK430771/

  Diverticulosis is thought to occur due to peristalsis abnormalities (e.g., intestinal spasms), intestinal dyskinesia, or high segmental intraluminal pressures. […] Although the exact cause is unknown, some environmental and lifestyle risk factors have been linked to this condition. […] Several studies have suggested that a diet low in fiber and high in red meat may be associated with an increased risk of diverticulosis, although a diet high in fiber will not reduce the symptoms of an uncomplicated diverticular disease. […] The risk of diverticulitis and bleeding is significantly higher in patients with obesity or larger waist circumference. […] Smokers have been noted to have an increased incidence of diverticular abscess formation or perforation. […] Medications associated with an increased risk of diverticular bleeding or diverticulitis include nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, opiates, and steroids.

• #15 Diverticulitis: Causes, symptoms, and treatments

  https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/152995

  Diverticulitis occurs when pouches that extend outward from the colon wall become inflamed. […] Healthcare professionals do not know exactly what causes diverticula to protrude outward from the colon. […] However, research from 2017 shows that a persons genetics may play a role in diverticulosis and diverticulitis. […] Other factors that may increase a persons likelihood of developing diverticulitis include eating a diet that is high in red meat and low in fiber, living with obesity, smoking (if applicable), not exercising regularly, and taking certain medications, such as steroids and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). […] According to the NHS, there is not enough evidence to fully support the link between lack of dietary fiber and the formation of diverticula. […] However, fiber usually helps soften stools, and not consuming enough dietary fiber may lead to hard stools. This may cause more pressure or strain on the colon as muscles push the stool down.

• #15 Diverticulitis: Causes, symptoms, and treatments

  https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/152995

  As a result, this pressure may create weak spots in the outside layer of the colon muscle, allowing the inner layer to squeeze through and form diverticula. […] The NHS highlights that diverticulitis is more common in Western countries, where dietary fiber intake is much lower. […] An infection can cause the diverticula to become inflamed. According to the NHS, a diverticulum might get blocked, possibly by a piece of stool. Bacteria in the stool may rapidly multiply and spread, causing an infection. […] Diverticulitis refers to the inflammation of protruding pouches in the colon, or diverticula. Healthcare professionals do not know exactly what causes diverticulitis.

• #16 What Triggers Diverticulitis Flare-Ups? Diet, 8 Causes

  https://www.medicinenet.com/what_triggers_diverticulitis_flare-ups/article.htm

  Lifestyle remains the major culprit behind diverticulitis flare-ups, such as a high-fat, low-fiber diet commonly found in Western countries. […] A high-fat, low-fiber diet commonly followed in Western countries can exacerbate diverticulitis symptoms. […] Lack of fiber in the diet can cause constipation and strain the bowel. Straining can ultimately lead to small pouches in the colon (diverticulitis). […] Diet: Low dietary fiber and higher fat intake or red meat can increase the diverticulitis flare-up. […] Increasing the dietary fiber or adopting a vegetarian diet may alleviate intestinal inflammation and alter gut microbes, thereby decreasing the symptoms of diverticulitis. […] A cohort study reveals that the risk of diverticulitis significantly increases when people take a low fiber diet along with high fatty foods and red meat. […] A high fiber diet excluding fats and red meats or switching to a vegetarian diet can be essential for reducing the risk of developing diverticulitis.

• #17 Diverticulitis Causes and Risk Factors

  https://www.everydayhealth.com/diverticulitis/symptoms/diverticulitis-causes-risk-factors-you-need-know/

  About 5 percent of people with diverticulosis will go on to have diverticulitis. […] Besides a diet low in fiber, the following risk factors are also associated with diverticulitis: […] Consuming too much red meat: That includes pork, Kim notes, despite the marketing of pork as white meat. […] Eating a diet high in saturated fats: This can cause constipation, creating opportunities for food and waste particles to become trapped in and inflame the diverticula, Shafran says. […] Your genes: Although genetics are a known risk factor for diverticulitis, what genes are involved and who is most at risk is still unclear. […] The presence of polycystic kidney disease: The development of diverticula and diverticulitis are more common in people with polycystic kidney disease, suggesting that diverticulitis is one manifestation of the disease.

• #17 Diverticulitis Causes and Risk Factors

  https://www.everydayhealth.com/diverticulitis/symptoms/diverticulitis-causes-risk-factors-you-need-know/

  Being overweight or obese: Obesity is linked with chronic intestinal inflammation, as well as the presence of more harmful gut bacteria. […] Taking corticosteroids or nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs): These drugs have been found to cause injury to the gastrointestinal tract, and NSAIDs may also prevent the formation of a compound that maintains intestinal tissue. […] Eating a diet high in saturated fat and red meat, and low in water and fiber, isnt the only way you may increase your risk of diverticulitis. […] Not getting enough exercise: Besides contributing to weight loss, physical activity, particularly jogging and running, have been associated with faster transit of stool through the colon. […] Drinking too much alcohol: While the research is inconsistent in linking alcohol to diverticulitis, some studies suggest that alcohol can impair the motility of the colon, increasing the pressure within the colon.

• #17 Diverticulitis Causes and Risk Factors

  https://www.everydayhealth.com/diverticulitis/symptoms/diverticulitis-causes-risk-factors-you-need-know/

  Smoking cigarettes: Smoking impairs the blood supply to the colon and can increase pressure within the colon as well, potentially leading to perforation. […] The good news is, even if you already have diverticulosis, following the above advice can reduce your risk of developing diverticulitis by up to 50 percent, Kim says.

• #18 Diverticulitis – Digestive Disorders – Merck Manual Consumer Version

  https://www.merckmanuals.com/home/digestive-disorders/diverticular-disease/diverticulitis

  Diverticulitis occurs in people with diverticulosis when a diverticulum develops a small (sometimes microscopic) hole that allows bacteria from the intestines to be released. Some doctors think that a diverticulum can become inflamed even if a hole has not developed. […] Doctors think there may be a connection between diverticulitis and the amount of red meat people eat per week, whether they smoke, and whether they have obesity. The use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (including aspirin), corticosteroids, and opioids also increases the risk of diverticulosis and diverticulitis. […] Diverticulitis is not caused by eating nuts, seeds, corn, or popcorn.

• #19 Diverticulitis treatments – La Crosse – Mayo Clinic Health System

  https://www.mayoclinichealthsystem.org/locations/la-crosse/services-and-treatments/gastroenterology-and-hepatology/digestive-disorders/diverticulitis

  Diverticula usually develop when naturally weak places in your colon give way under pressure. This causes variable-sized pouches to protrude through the colon wall. At one time, it was thought that seeds and nuts caused diverticulitis, but this theory has been debunked. […] Several factors may increase your risk of developing diverticulitis: Aging The incidence of diverticulitis increases with age. Obesity Being seriously overweight increases your odds of developing diverticulitis. Smoking People who smoke cigarettes are more likely than nonsmokers to experience diverticulitis. Lack of exercise Vigorous exercise appears to lower your risk of diverticulitis. Diet high in animal fat and low in fiber A low-fiber diet in combination with a high intake of animal fat seems to increase risk, although the role of low fiber alone isn’t clear. Certain medications Several drugs are associated with an increased risk of diverticulitis, including nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, such as ibuprofen and naproxen sodium (Aleve).

• #20 Quick Facts:Diverticulitis – Merck Manual Consumer Version

  https://www.merckmanuals.com/home/quick-facts-digestive-disorders/diverticular-disease/diverticulitis

  Diverticulitis happens in people who have diverticulosis, a condition in which sacs or pouches form in your large intestine. […] The exact cause is not fully understood. Sometimes, stool and bacteria get into one of the sacs (diverticula), causing inflammation and infection. […] Diverticulitis tends to be more serious in older people and in people taking corticosteroids. […] If you have diverticulosis, you have a higher risk of getting diverticulitis if you: Are older, Are overweight, Don’t exercise, Smoke, Eat a high-fat, low-fiber diet, Take certain medicines, such as corticosteroids, opioid pain medicines, and anti-inflammatory medicines.

• #21 Diverticulitis – Children’s Health Gastroenterology (GI)

  https://www.childrens.com/specialties-services/conditions/diverticulitis

  Diverticulitis occurs when small, protruding pouches in the lining of the digestive system known as diverticula become irritated, inflamed or both. […] Diverticula disease which includes the terms diverticulitis and diverticulosis is uncommon in humans under the age of 40. It is thought to be related to poor fiber intake. […] Some risk factors include diet, lifestyle (smoking, obesity), medication and age. Diverticulitis is rare in people under the age of 40. […] The following factors can cause diverticula to tear and contribute to diverticulitis: […] Being on certain medications including: steroids, opiates and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) for a long period of time […] Being very overweight or obese […] Eating a diet high in animal fat and low in fiber […] Not getting enough physical activity.

• #22 Diverticulitis Symptoms, Causes & Treatments | Digestive Health Services | University Hospitals | Cleveland, OH | University Hospitals

  https://www.uhhospitals.org/services/digestive-health-services/conditions-and-treatments/diverticulitis

  Scientists do not yet have a full understanding of the causes of diverticulosis. […] One theory that has yet to be proven is that insufficient dietary fiber can cause a buildup of waste (constipation) in the colon that can lead to diverticulosis. […] Diverticulosis may lead to diverticulitis when diverticula become blocked with feces, resulting in infection caused by the bacteria contained within the feces. […] Risk factors for developing diverticulitis include the following: Age: The chance of developing diverticulitis increases with age, particularly after age 40. […] Diets that are low in fiber and high in animal fat and red meat: A low-fiber diet combined with the high consumption of animal fat and red meat may increase risk.

• #23 Diverticular disease of the colon – Harvard Health

  https://www.health.harvard.edu/diseases-and-conditions/diverticular-disease-of-the-colon

  Age is a major risk factor for diverticulosis. Diverticulosis is uncommon before age 40, but about one-third of all Americans will develop the condition by age 60, and two-thirds will have it by age 85. […] What accounts for the difference? The principal factor is diet, especially the refinement of carbohydrates, which has deprived the typical American diet of much of its fiber content. Diverticulosis is a disease of Western civilization. […] A low-fiber diet has the opposite effect. But constipation is the least of the problems related to diverticulosis. Without enough fiber, the stools are small and hard, and the colon must contract with extra force to expel them. That puts extra pressure on the wall of the colon and, as you may remember from Physics 101, the Law of LaPlace explains that the pressure in a tube is highest where the diameter is smallest. In the colon, that’s the narrow sigmoid.

• #24 Diverticulosis and diverticulitis | Better Health Channel

  https://www.betterhealth.vic.gov.au/health/conditionsandtreatments/diverticulosis-and-diverticulitis

  Diverticulosis is extremely common. Old age and diet may be the most important risk factors. More than half of all adults over the age of 70 have the condition. […] Studies appear to show that diverticulosis became more common in the 20th century. It is also more common in Western nations including North America, Europe and Australia. […] Discovery of these facts led to the theory that the low-fibre diet common in Western nations may be important. Animal studies show that this theory is possible. It has also been shown that vegetarians less commonly develop diverticulosis. Exactly how a low-fibre diet may cause diverticulosis is not known. […] Analysis of large-scale epidemiological studies has found that people with higher overall fibre intake have lower incidence of diverticulitis, the main complication of diverticular disease.

• #24 Diverticulosis and diverticulitis | Better Health Channel

  https://www.betterhealth.vic.gov.au/health/conditionsandtreatments/diverticulosis-and-diverticulitis

  There may also be genetic causes. Western people develop diverticulosis in the last third of the colon, while people in Asian countries such as Japan, Taiwan and Singapore generally develop diverticulosis in the first section of the colon. […] Analysis of familial cases of diverticulitis has identified at least 2 genes associated with this condition, and one of these (TNFSF15) has been shown to be associated with diverticulitis in multiple studies.

• #25

  https://www.healthshare.com.au/questions/43435-what-causes-diverticulitis/

  Increased pressure within the large intestine caused by stools that are too hard et al. This causes the inside lining of the bowel to herniate through points of weakness forming pockets in the bowel wall. […] What dofapa1 has explained is diverticulosis. Diverticulosis occurs when the bowels are placed under constant strain trying to pass hard stools through for elimination. Increases in age can increase the chance of getting diverticulosis as well as a low dietary fibre intake. Over time little pockets form (diverticula) which can become inflammed leading to diverticulitis (itis = meaning inflammation). Diverticulitis is when the little pockets (diverticula) get infected. […] Interestingly, diverticular disease and diverticulosis are very common in Western populations such as Australia, USA, UK and much less seen in Asian/ Middle Eastern and African populations. So there is a theory that low fiber western diets may be causative of diverticular disease and subsequently diverticultis. However, it is unproven whether dietary changes can prevent the onset of diverticulitis and/or subsequent attacks.

• #26 Diverticular Disease & Diverticulitis | Causes & Symptoms | Guts UK

  https://gutscharity.org.uk/advice-and-information/conditions/diverticular-disease/

  Diverticular disease is a diagnosis given in people who have symptoms and is extremely common in the developed world. […] The short answer is that it is still uncertain what causes diverticula to develop. The most important risk factor is age. After the age of 40 they become more common. […] A lot of interest has been placed in lifestyle factors. Diverticula are commoner amongst people with an unhealthy high body weight. […] The idea that constipation causes the development of diverticula has also not been proven to be correct. […] Diverticular disease is associated with people who have a diagnosis of Ehlers Danlos Syndrome, Williams Syndrome, and polycystic kidney disease. […] The current theory is that the inflammation and/or infection occurs because of an overgrowth of bacteria in the diverticula.

• #27

  https://fascrs.org/patients/diseases-and-conditions/a-z/diverticular-disease

  The most commonly accepted theory for the formation of diverticulosis is related to high pressure within the colon, which causes weak areas of the colon wall to bulge out and form the sacs. […] Currently, it is not well understood how these sacs become inflamed and lead to diverticulitis.

• #28 Diverticular disease | NHS inform

  https://www.nhsinform.scot/illnesses-and-conditions/stomach-liver-and-gastrointestinal-tract/diverticular-disease-and-diverticulitis/

  Diverticular disease is caused by small bulges in the large intestine (diverticula) developing and becoming inflamed. If any of the diverticula become infected, this leads to symptoms of diverticulitis. […] The exact reason why diverticula develop is not known, but they are associated with not eating enough fibre. […] The pressure of moving hard, small pieces of stools through your large intestine creates weak spots in the outside layer of muscle. This allows the inner layer (mucosa) to squeeze through these weak spots, creating the diverticula. […] Diverticulitis is caused by an infection of one or more of the diverticula. […] It is thought an infection develops when a hard piece of stool or undigested food gets trapped in one of the pouches. This gives bacteria in the stool the chance to multiply and spread, triggering an infection.

• #29 Etiology and Pathophysiology of Diverticular Disease

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC2780060/

  This would explain why the first reports of increasing diverticular disease appear in the literature about the time the first cohort of children raised on refined sugar and white flour came of the age where diverticular disease begins to occur, about 40 years after the start of the Industrial Revolution. […] Both studies demonstrated significantly lower consumption of dietary fiber in patients with diverticular disease when compared with their healthy counterparts. […] The risk of the development of diverticular disease was inversely associated with insoluble dietary fiber intake.

• #30 Is Diverticulitis Hereditary? Everything You Need To Know About The Condition & What Causes It — Colorectal Clinic of Tampa Bay

  https://www.tampacolorectal.com/blog/is-diverticulitis-hereditary-everything-you-need-to-know-about-the-condition-amp-what-causes-it

  Americans between the ages of 60-80 are more prone to diverticula, which for many, is harmless but for others presents as diverticulitis. […] The two leading causes of diverticulitis are not enough fiber in your diet and inadequate hydration. These two factors cause your stool to harden and may strain the colon when trying to move waste through your digestive system. Smoking is another contributing factor of the condition. If you regularly take medications like ibuprofen, steroids, opioids, or anti-inflammatories, you are also at risk. […] Diverticulitis is hereditary and common in families with a possible gene connection. Obesity is another likely cause. If you lack an abundance of good bacteria in your colon, you may also develop the condition. […] Diverticulitis is more common in women over the age of 50 and men under the age of 50.

• #31 Diverticulitis – Diagnosis, Evaluation and Treatment

  https://www.radiologyinfo.org/en/info/diverticulitis

  Doctors do not know the exact cause of diverticulitis. Studies link it to obesity, lack of exercise, smoking, and certain medications. […] The condition is more common in men than in women. Your risk for the condition increases after age 50.

• #32 What Causes Diverticulitis? How It Occurs and Risk Factors

  https://www.verywellhealth.com/what-causes-divertculitis-7111876

  Diverticulitis is the inflammation or infection of the diverticula, small pouches in the intestinal tract caused by diverticulosis. […] Although the exact cause of diverticulitis is not fully understood, experts believe that when the diverticula are obstructed with stool, the mucosa becomes inflamed, resulting in microtears, trauma, infection, and ischemia (insufficient blood supply to an organ or other area of the body). […] Many factors can cause diverticulitis. Diet, lifestyle, genetics, and certain medications can affect the gut microbiome (environment of microorganisms within the digestive system), resulting in chronic inflammation and altered colon motility leading to diverticulitis. […] There is growing evidence that diverticulitis could be hereditary. […] More research is needed to verify if diverticulitis is hereditary, but evidence shows that environmental and genetic factors cause the disorder. […] Although the cause is not fully understood, environmental and genetic factors influence the prevalence of diverticulitis.

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