Materiały źródłowe

• #1 Pancreatic cancer – Diagnosis and treatment – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/pancreatic-cancer/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20355427

  Treatment for pancreatic cancer depends on the stage of the cancer and the location. Your health care team also considers your overall health and your preferences. For most people, the first goal of pancreatic cancer treatment is to get rid of the cancer, when possible. When that isn’t possible, the focus may be on improving quality of life and keeping the cancer from growing or causing more harm. […] Pancreatic cancer treatments may include surgery, radiation, chemotherapy or a combination of these. When the cancer is advanced, these treatments aren’t likely to help. So treatment focuses on relieving symptoms to keep you as comfortable as possible for as long as possible. […] The Whipple procedure, also called pancreaticoduodenectomy, is an operation to remove the head of the pancreas. The operation also involves removing the first part of the small intestine, called the duodenum, the gallbladder and the bile duct. The remaining organs are rejoined to allow food to move through the digestive system after surgery.

• #2 Pancreatic Cancer Treatment Types – Pancreatic Cancer Action Network

  https://pancan.org/facing-pancreatic-cancer/treatment/treatment-types/

  Doctor and patient discuss types of treatment for pancreatic cancer. […] Standard treatments for pancreatic cancer are surgery, chemotherapy, radiation or a mix of these. […] For eligible patients, surgery is the best option for long-term survival of pancreatic cancer. […] Chemotherapy uses drugs to kill cancer cells by stopping them from growing and dividing. […] Radiation therapy uses energy in the form of particle or electromagnetic waves. […] Clinical trials are research studies that look at new treatments. […] Immunotherapy is a treatment that helps your immune system attack cancer cells. […] Targeted therapy uses drugs to attack unique aspects of cancer cells with little harm to healthy cells. […] The Pancreatic Cancer Action Network strongly recommends all pancreatic cancer patients get genetic testing for inherited mutations as soon as possible after diagnosis and biomarker testing of their tumor tissue to help determine the best treatment options.

• #3 4 Innovative Pancreatic Cancer Treatment Options | MD Anderson Cancer Center

  https://www.mdanderson.org/cancer-types/pancreatic-cancer/pancreatic-cancer-treatment.html

  Surgery is the only treatment that can cure pancreatic cancer, but is an only option for about 20% of cases. […] Because of this, MD Anderson doctors use a contemporary staging system, called resectability staging, to plan a patients treatment. […] A patients potential treatment plan varies depending on the resectability staging of their pancreatic cancer. […] The cancer is confined to the pancreas, or has only spread to immediately nearby tissue, and the tumor can be removed entirely with surgery. […] Patients with resectable pancreatic cancer may: Go straight to surgery, Receive chemotherapy prior to surgery, Receive radiation and chemotherapy prior to surgery. […] The cancer has reached nearby blood vessels, but it has the potential to be removed with surgery. […] Before surgery, patients with borderline resectable pancreatic cancer often receive chemotherapy and may subsequently receive radiation.

• #4 How We Treat Pancreatic Cancer | Dana-Farber Cancer Institute

  https://www.dana-farber.org/cancer-care/types/pancreatic-cancer/treatment

  Because specialists from each discipline regularly discuss your care, we ensure that all available approaches to treatment are considered, and that you receive the combination of treatments that works best for your care. […] The main types of treatment for pancreatic cancer include: Surgery, Chemotherapy, Radiation therapy. […] Surgically removing the tumor is the main opportunity to cure a pancreatic tumor that has not spread to involve major blood vessels or to other organs, such as the liver. […] Radiation therapy and/or chemotherapy may be used before or after surgery or instead of surgery if the cancer cannot be entirely removed. […] You may find it helpful to think of the stages of pancreatic cancer in these treatment-related terms: Resectable: Surgery is the primary treatment, often with chemotherapy and/or radiation before or after surgery.

• #5 4 Innovative Pancreatic Cancer Treatment Options | MD Anderson Cancer Center

  https://www.mdanderson.org/cancer-types/pancreatic-cancer/pancreatic-cancer-treatment.html

  Surgery is the only treatment that can cure pancreatic cancer, but is an only option for about 20% of cases. […] Because of this, MD Anderson doctors use a contemporary staging system, called resectability staging, to plan a patients treatment. […] A patients potential treatment plan varies depending on the resectability staging of their pancreatic cancer. […] The cancer is confined to the pancreas, or has only spread to immediately nearby tissue, and the tumor can be removed entirely with surgery. […] Patients with resectable pancreatic cancer may: Go straight to surgery, Receive chemotherapy prior to surgery, Receive radiation and chemotherapy prior to surgery. […] The cancer has reached nearby blood vessels, but it has the potential to be removed with surgery. […] Before surgery, patients with borderline resectable pancreatic cancer often receive chemotherapy and may subsequently receive radiation.

• #6 Pancreatic Cancer Treatment Options – Virginia Oncology

  https://www.virginiacancer.com/pancreatic-cancer/treatment-options/

  Treatment options for people with pancreatic cancer are surgery, chemotherapy, targeted therapy, and radiation therapy. Youll probably receive more than one type of treatment. […] At this time, cancer of the pancreas can be cured only when its found at an early stage (before it has spread) and only if surgery can completely remove the tumor. For people who cant have surgery, other treatments may be able to help them live longer and feel better. […] Surgery may be an option for people with an early stage of pancreatic cancer. The surgeon usually removes only the part of the pancreas that has cancer. But, in some cases, the whole pancreas may be removed. […] Chemotherapy uses drugs to kill cancer cells. Most people with pancreatic cancer get chemotherapy. For early pancreatic cancer, chemotherapy is usually given after surgery, but in some cases, its given before surgery. For advanced cancer, chemotherapy is used alone, with targeted therapy, or with radiation therapy. […] People with cancer of the pancreas who cant have surgery may receive a type of drug called targeted therapy along with chemotherapy. […] Radiation therapy uses high-energy rays to kill cancer cells. It can be given along with other treatments, including chemotherapy.

• #7 Pancreatic Cancer Treatment – NCI

  https://www.cancer.gov/types/pancreatic/patient/pancreatic-treatment-pdq

  Pancreatic cancer is a type of cancer that forms in the tissues of the pancreas. […] Pancreatic cancer can occur in exocrine pancreas cells, which produce digestive juices, or the endocrine pancreas cells, which produce hormones. About 95% of pancreatic cancers begin in exocrine cells. […] Pancreatic cancer is difficult to diagnose early. […] Tests that examine the pancreas are used to diagnose and stage pancreatic cancer. […] Certain factors affect prognosis (chance of recovery) and treatment options. […] Pancreatic cancer can be controlled only if it is found before it has spread, when it can be completely removed by surgery. If the cancer has spread, palliative treatment can improve the patient’s quality of life by controlling the symptoms and complications of this disease. […] Treatment of resectable or borderline resectable pancreatic cancer may include: chemotherapy with or without radiation therapy, followed by surgery; surgery; surgery, followed by chemotherapy; surgery, followed by chemoradiation; a clinical trial of chemotherapy and/or radiation therapy before surgery; a clinical trial of chemoradiation, followed by surgery and then chemotherapy; a clinical trial of different ways of giving radiation therapy.

• #8

• #9 Pancreatic cancer – Diagnosis and treatment – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/pancreatic-cancer/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20355427

  Treatment for pancreatic cancer depends on the stage of the cancer and the location. Your health care team also considers your overall health and your preferences. For most people, the first goal of pancreatic cancer treatment is to get rid of the cancer, when possible. When that isn’t possible, the focus may be on improving quality of life and keeping the cancer from growing or causing more harm. […] Pancreatic cancer treatments may include surgery, radiation, chemotherapy or a combination of these. When the cancer is advanced, these treatments aren’t likely to help. So treatment focuses on relieving symptoms to keep you as comfortable as possible for as long as possible. […] The Whipple procedure, also called pancreaticoduodenectomy, is an operation to remove the head of the pancreas. The operation also involves removing the first part of the small intestine, called the duodenum, the gallbladder and the bile duct. The remaining organs are rejoined to allow food to move through the digestive system after surgery.

• #10 4 Innovative Pancreatic Cancer Treatment Options | MD Anderson Cancer Center

  https://www.mdanderson.org/cancer-types/pancreatic-cancer/pancreatic-cancer-treatment.html

  The cancer cannot be removed by surgery. […] Patients with locally-advanced, unresectable pancreatic cancer always receive chemotherapy first and then are considered for radiation therapy. […] Patients with metastatic pancreatic cancer are treated with chemotherapy if it can be given safely based on patients tolerance. […] The main surgical approaches used to treat pancreatic cancer are: Potentially curative: Attempt to treat pancreatic cancer by removing it, Palliative: Attempt to relieve symptoms, like a blocked bile duct or bowel. […] Complete removal of the tumor with surgery is often the best chance at curing pancreatic cancer. […] The most common technique used to remove a pancreatic tumor is called a pancreatoduodenectomy, or, more commonly, the Whipple procedure. […] These complex operations are potentially curative and are performed in about half of patients with localized pancreatic cancer who undergo surgery at MD Anderson.

• #11 Pancreatic cancer – Diagnosis and treatment – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/pancreatic-cancer/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20355427

  Treatment for pancreatic cancer depends on the stage of the cancer and the location. Your health care team also considers your overall health and your preferences. For most people, the first goal of pancreatic cancer treatment is to get rid of the cancer, when possible. When that isn’t possible, the focus may be on improving quality of life and keeping the cancer from growing or causing more harm. […] Pancreatic cancer treatments may include surgery, radiation, chemotherapy or a combination of these. When the cancer is advanced, these treatments aren’t likely to help. So treatment focuses on relieving symptoms to keep you as comfortable as possible for as long as possible. […] The Whipple procedure, also called pancreaticoduodenectomy, is an operation to remove the head of the pancreas. The operation also involves removing the first part of the small intestine, called the duodenum, the gallbladder and the bile duct. The remaining organs are rejoined to allow food to move through the digestive system after surgery.

• #12 4 Innovative Pancreatic Cancer Treatment Options | MD Anderson Cancer Center

  https://www.mdanderson.org/cancer-types/pancreatic-cancer/pancreatic-cancer-treatment.html

  The cancer cannot be removed by surgery. […] Patients with locally-advanced, unresectable pancreatic cancer always receive chemotherapy first and then are considered for radiation therapy. […] Patients with metastatic pancreatic cancer are treated with chemotherapy if it can be given safely based on patients tolerance. […] The main surgical approaches used to treat pancreatic cancer are: Potentially curative: Attempt to treat pancreatic cancer by removing it, Palliative: Attempt to relieve symptoms, like a blocked bile duct or bowel. […] Complete removal of the tumor with surgery is often the best chance at curing pancreatic cancer. […] The most common technique used to remove a pancreatic tumor is called a pancreatoduodenectomy, or, more commonly, the Whipple procedure. […] These complex operations are potentially curative and are performed in about half of patients with localized pancreatic cancer who undergo surgery at MD Anderson.

• #13 Pancreatic Cancer Treatment – NCI

  https://www.cancer.gov/types/pancreatic/patient/pancreatic-treatment-pdq

  Treatment of pancreatic cancer that is locally advanced may include: chemotherapy with or without targeted therapy; chemotherapy and chemoradiation; surgery (Whipple procedure, total pancreatectomy, or distal pancreatectomy); palliative surgery or stent placement to bypass blocked areas in ducts or the small intestine, and possibly chemotherapy and chemoradiation to shrink the tumor to allow for surgery; a clinical trial of new anticancer therapies together with chemotherapy or chemoradiation; a clinical trial of radiation therapy given during surgery or internal radiation therapy. […] Treatment of pancreatic cancer that has metastasized or recurred may include: chemotherapy with or without targeted therapy; clinical trials of new anticancer agents with or without chemotherapy. […] Palliative therapy can improve the patient’s quality of life by controlling the symptoms and complications of pancreatic cancer.

• #14 Pancreatic Cancer Treatment – NCI

  https://www.cancer.gov/types/pancreatic/patient/pancreatic-treatment-pdq

  Treatment of pancreatic cancer that is locally advanced may include: chemotherapy with or without targeted therapy; chemotherapy and chemoradiation; surgery (Whipple procedure, total pancreatectomy, or distal pancreatectomy); palliative surgery or stent placement to bypass blocked areas in ducts or the small intestine, and possibly chemotherapy and chemoradiation to shrink the tumor to allow for surgery; a clinical trial of new anticancer therapies together with chemotherapy or chemoradiation; a clinical trial of radiation therapy given during surgery or internal radiation therapy. […] Treatment of pancreatic cancer that has metastasized or recurred may include: chemotherapy with or without targeted therapy; clinical trials of new anticancer agents with or without chemotherapy. […] Palliative therapy can improve the patient’s quality of life by controlling the symptoms and complications of pancreatic cancer.

• #15 Pancreatic Cancer Treatment – NCI

  https://www.cancer.gov/types/pancreatic/patient/pancreatic-treatment-pdq

  Palliative therapy for pancreatic cancer may include: palliative surgery or stent placement to bypass blocked areas in ducts or the small intestine; palliative radiation therapy to help relieve pain by shrinking the tumor; an injection of medicine to help relieve pain by blocking nerves in the abdomen; other palliative medical care alone.

• #16 Pancreatic cancer

  https://www.cancervic.org.au/cancer-information/types-of-cancer/pancreatic_cancer/treatment-early-pancreatic-cancer.html

  Surgery to remove the cancer, in combination with chemotherapy and possibly radiation therapy, is generally the most effective treatment for early pancreatic cancer (stage 12 and some stage 3 pancreatic cancers). […] This treatment will be suitable for only about 20% of people with pancreatic cancer, as most people are diagnosed at a later stage. […] It is important that the surgery is done by a surgeon who is part of a multidisciplinary team in a specialist pancreatic cancer treatment centre. […] Your surgeon may recommend other treatments before surgery to shrink the tumour, or after surgery to destroy any remaining cancer cells. […] Treatments given before surgery are known as neoadjuvant therapies, while treatments given after surgery are called adjuvant therapies. They both may include: chemotherapy use of drugs to kill or slow the growth of cancer cells, chemoradiation chemotherapy combined with radiation therapy.

• #17 Pancreatic cancer – Diagnosis and treatment – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/pancreatic-cancer/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20355427

  Surgery can cure pancreatic cancer, but it’s not an option for everyone. It might be used to treat cancer that hasn’t spread to other organs. Surgery might not be possible if the cancer grows large or extends into nearby blood vessels. In these situations, treatment might start with other options, such as chemotherapy. Sometimes surgery might be done after these other treatments. […] Chemotherapy uses strong medicines to kill cancer cells. Treatment might involve one chemotherapy medicine or a mix of them. Most chemotherapy medicines are given through a vein, but some are taken in pill form. […] Radiation therapy uses powerful energy beams to kill cancer cells. The energy can come from X-rays, protons or other sources. During radiation therapy, you lie on a table while a machine moves around you. The machine directs radiation to precise points on your body.

• #18 Pancreatic Cancer: Symptoms, Causes & Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/15806-pancreatic-cancer

  Pancreatic cancer treatments include surgery, chemotherapy and radiation therapy. […] Surgery is the only realistic way to cure pancreatic cancer. […] Specific treatment depends on certain factors, including the exact location of the tumor, what stage it is, your overall health, and whether the cancer has spread beyond your pancreas. […] Pancreatic cancer treatments include: Surgery, Chemotherapy, Radiation therapy, Targeted therapy, Pain management. […] Chemotherapy uses drugs that kill cancer cells. […] Radiation therapy uses high-energy X-rays to kill cancer cells. […] Providers use chemotherapy as a stand-alone treatment especially for people with advanced pancreatic cancer. […] Healthcare providers commonly use this approach to treat pancreatic cancer. […] Pancreatic cancer could be very painful as it may involve nearby nerves. Your healthcare provider can help you manage pain with oral medications, anesthesia or steroid injections. […] Even though pancreatic cancer has a poor survival rate, complete remission is possible with early detection and treatment. The only way to realistically cure pancreatic cancer is total surgical removal of the cancer.

• #19 Treatments for pancreatic cancer | Canadian Cancer Society

  https://cancer.ca/en/cancer-information/cancer-types/pancreatic/treatment

  Borderline resectable pancreatic tumours are treated in a clinical trial setting, if possible. They may be treated before surgery with chemotherapy and chemoradiation (called neoadjuvant therapy). […] Locally advanced pancreatic tumours (stage 3) are treated with chemotherapy, radiation therapy or chemoradiation. In some cases, surgery will be used to relieve symptoms of advanced cancer (called palliative surgery), but it isn’t used to try to remove the entire tumour. […] Metastatic pancreatic tumours (stage 4) are treated with chemotherapy, with or without targeted therapy. Surgery, radiation therapy or both may be offered to relieve symptoms and control pain (called palliative therapy). […] Surgery is the primary treatment for resectable pancreatic cancer. […] Borderline resectable pancreatic cancer is treated with a combination of therapies. Chemotherapy and chemoradiation are used before surgery.

• #20 Pancreatic Cancer Treatment & Management: Approach Considerations, Neoadjuvant Therapy, Pancreaticoduodenectomy (Whipple Procedure)

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/280605-treatment

  There is consensus that surgery is the primary mode of treatment for pancreatic cancer. However, an important role exists for chemotherapy and/or radiation therapy in an adjuvant or neoadjuvant setting, and in the treatment of patients with unresectable disease. […] After a thorough preoperative workup, the surgical approach can be tailored to the location, size, and locally invasive characteristics of the tumor. Curative resection options include pancreaticoduodenectomy, with or without sparing of the pylorus; total pancreatectomy; and distal pancreatectomy. […] The use of chemotherapy and/or radiation therapy in the neoadjuvant setting has been a source of controversy. The rationale for using neoadjuvant therapy includes the following assertions: Pancreatic cancer is a systemic disease and should be treated systemically from the start.

• #21 Current and Emerging Treatment Options for Pancreatic Cancer: A Comprehensive Review

  https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0383/14/4/1129

  Even in those diagnosed with a localized, resectable tumor, the prognosis remains poor, with only a 20% 5-year survival rate following surgery alone, with this rate increasing to 30–40% with adjuvant chemotherapy. […] Several trials over the past two decades have solidified the importance of adjuvant chemotherapy after the resection of PDAC, with this combination offering the only hope for long-term survival or cure in patients with nonmetastatic pancreatic cancer. […] Neoadjuvant chemotherapy has gained popularity over the last decade, owing to several trials showing its effectiveness in borderline resectable pancreatic cancer (BRPC) and locally advanced pancreatic cancer (LAPC). […] The NUPAT-01 trial showed encouraging outcomes with neoadjuvant therapy using either FOLFIRINOX or GemNabP in patients with borderline resectable pancreatic cancer with R0 resection rates of 67.4% and an mOS of 39.4 months.

• #22 Pancreatic Cancer Treatment – NCI

  https://www.cancer.gov/types/pancreatic/patient/pancreatic-treatment-pdq

  Pancreatic cancer is a type of cancer that forms in the tissues of the pancreas. […] Pancreatic cancer can occur in exocrine pancreas cells, which produce digestive juices, or the endocrine pancreas cells, which produce hormones. About 95% of pancreatic cancers begin in exocrine cells. […] Pancreatic cancer is difficult to diagnose early. […] Tests that examine the pancreas are used to diagnose and stage pancreatic cancer. […] Certain factors affect prognosis (chance of recovery) and treatment options. […] Pancreatic cancer can be controlled only if it is found before it has spread, when it can be completely removed by surgery. If the cancer has spread, palliative treatment can improve the patient’s quality of life by controlling the symptoms and complications of this disease. […] Treatment of resectable or borderline resectable pancreatic cancer may include: chemotherapy with or without radiation therapy, followed by surgery; surgery; surgery, followed by chemotherapy; surgery, followed by chemoradiation; a clinical trial of chemotherapy and/or radiation therapy before surgery; a clinical trial of chemoradiation, followed by surgery and then chemotherapy; a clinical trial of different ways of giving radiation therapy.

• #23 Current and Emerging Treatment Options for Pancreatic Cancer: A Comprehensive Review

  https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0383/14/4/1129

  Even in those diagnosed with a localized, resectable tumor, the prognosis remains poor, with only a 20% 5-year survival rate following surgery alone, with this rate increasing to 30–40% with adjuvant chemotherapy. […] Several trials over the past two decades have solidified the importance of adjuvant chemotherapy after the resection of PDAC, with this combination offering the only hope for long-term survival or cure in patients with nonmetastatic pancreatic cancer. […] Neoadjuvant chemotherapy has gained popularity over the last decade, owing to several trials showing its effectiveness in borderline resectable pancreatic cancer (BRPC) and locally advanced pancreatic cancer (LAPC). […] The NUPAT-01 trial showed encouraging outcomes with neoadjuvant therapy using either FOLFIRINOX or GemNabP in patients with borderline resectable pancreatic cancer with R0 resection rates of 67.4% and an mOS of 39.4 months.

• #24 Pancreatic Cancer Treatment – NCI

  https://www.cancer.gov/types/pancreatic/patient/pancreatic-treatment-pdq

  Treatment of pancreatic cancer that is locally advanced may include: chemotherapy with or without targeted therapy; chemotherapy and chemoradiation; surgery (Whipple procedure, total pancreatectomy, or distal pancreatectomy); palliative surgery or stent placement to bypass blocked areas in ducts or the small intestine, and possibly chemotherapy and chemoradiation to shrink the tumor to allow for surgery; a clinical trial of new anticancer therapies together with chemotherapy or chemoradiation; a clinical trial of radiation therapy given during surgery or internal radiation therapy. […] Treatment of pancreatic cancer that has metastasized or recurred may include: chemotherapy with or without targeted therapy; clinical trials of new anticancer agents with or without chemotherapy. […] Palliative therapy can improve the patient’s quality of life by controlling the symptoms and complications of pancreatic cancer.

• #25 Systemic Therapy for Metastatic Pancreatic Cancer

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8526424/

  Systemic treatment plays an important role in the treatment of metastatic pancreatic cancer (mPDAC). All patients with mPDAC and an ECOG performance status of 02 should be offered systemic treatment since it improves both overall survival and quality of life. Systemic treatment can also lead to a reduced requirement of pain medication, delay weight loss, as well as the time to the definitive deterioration of quality of life. Systemic treatment should be started immediately after the detection of metastasis. […] There are several well-established options for first-line treatment of mPDAC: The FOLFIRINOX protocol, the combination of gemcitabine plus nab-paclitaxel, and gemcitabine monotherapy. The choice of the respective treatment depends on the patients ECOG performance status, comorbidity, and patients preferences.

• #26 Pancreatic Cancer Treatment (PDQ®) – NCI

  https://www.cancer.gov/types/pancreatic/hp/pancreatic-treatment-pdq

  Complete resection can yield 5-year survival rates of 18% to 24%, but ultimate control remains poor because of the high incidence of both local and distant tumor recurrence. Thus, systemic therapy is also recommended. […] For patients with good performance status, adjuvant FOLFIRINOX chemotherapy or the combination of gemcitabine and capecitabine should be considered. […] The role of postoperative therapy (chemotherapy with or without chemoradiation therapy) in the management of this disease remains controversial because much of the randomized clinical trial data available are statistically underpowered and provide conflicting results. […] Patients with locally advanced pancreatic cancer have tumors that are technically unresectable because of local vessel impingement or invasion by tumor. However, with the combination of chemotherapy and chemoradiation therapy, some patients may become candidates for radical pancreatic resection.

• #27 Systemic Therapy for Metastatic Pancreatic Cancer

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8526424/

  Systemic treatment plays an important role in the treatment of metastatic pancreatic cancer (mPDAC). All patients with mPDAC and an ECOG performance status of 02 should be offered systemic treatment since it improves both overall survival and quality of life. Systemic treatment can also lead to a reduced requirement of pain medication, delay weight loss, as well as the time to the definitive deterioration of quality of life. Systemic treatment should be started immediately after the detection of metastasis. […] There are several well-established options for first-line treatment of mPDAC: The FOLFIRINOX protocol, the combination of gemcitabine plus nab-paclitaxel, and gemcitabine monotherapy. The choice of the respective treatment depends on the patients ECOG performance status, comorbidity, and patients preferences.

• #28 Pancreatic Cancer Treatment (PDQ®) – NCI

  https://www.cancer.gov/types/pancreatic/hp/pancreatic-treatment-pdq

  Treatment options for metastatic or recurrent pancreatic cancer include: Chemotherapy with or without targeted therapy. Clinical trials evaluating new anticancer agents alone or in combination with chemotherapy. […] Because of the low objective response rate and limited efficacy of palliative chemotherapy regimens, all newly diagnosed patients should consider enrolling in clinical trials. Multiagent chemotherapy combinations have been shown to prolong outcomes compared with single-agent gemcitabine. […] Olaparib (a PARP inhibitor) maintenance therapy can be considered for patients with germline BRCA1/BRCA2 variants and metastatic pancreatic adenocarcinoma who have responded to first-line platinum-based therapy for more than 4 months.

• #29 Systemic Therapy for Metastatic Pancreatic Cancer

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8526424/

  Patients with an ECOG 01 benefit from combination chemotherapy, while patients with an ECOG of 2 and marked comorbidities should preferably receive single-agent treatment. […] Patients with an ECOG of 2 or comorbidities that prevent combination treatment should receive a single-agent treatment. Gemcitabine is preferred over 5-FU in this case. […] The combination of 5-FU, irinotecan, and oxaliplatin in the FOLFIRINOX protocol is a landmark in the treatment of mPDAC. […] FOLFIRINOX should be offered to patients with an ECOG of 01, a Bilirubin value of 1.5ULN, and a favorable comorbidity profile. […] Upon progress under a first-line treatment, patients should receive a second-line treatment if their ECOG is 2. […] The combination of gemcitabine with targeted therapies has so far not shown a clinically relevant survival benefit for patients with mPDAC.

• #30 Pancreatic Cancer Treatment & Pharmacologic Management

  https://www.cancertherapyadvisor.com/ddi/pancreatic-cancer-pharmacologic-treatment/

  Surgery, chemotherapy, and radiation therapy are treatment approaches for managing pancreatic cancer. Surgical resection combined with systemic multiagent chemotherapy is the only known cure for PDAC. Patients with disease confined to the pancreas are eligible for this regimen, but fewer than 1 in 5 patients are diagnosed at this early stage. […] Chemoradiation therapy is the most common modality used in the treatment of patients with PDAC. […] Neoadjuvant chemotherapy is often offered to patients with borderline resectable or locally advanced PDAC before surgery. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy can shrink tumors that appear to be resectable but are too large for surgical removal at the time of diagnosis. […] The first-line treatment recommendation for patients with PDAC is FOLFIRINOX, a 4-drug regimen containing fluorouracil (5-FU), leucovorin (folinic acid), irinotecan, and oxaliplatin. However, guidelines only recommend the use of FOLFIRINOX in patients with good performance status (ability to complete daily tasks), due to the significant adverse effects associated with the regimen. In patients who cannot tolerate FOLFIRINOX, gemcitabine plus albumin-bound paclitaxel (nab-paclitaxel) is recommended as alternative neoadjuvant therapy.

• #31 Systemic Therapy for Metastatic Pancreatic Cancer

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8526424/

  Patients with an ECOG 01 benefit from combination chemotherapy, while patients with an ECOG of 2 and marked comorbidities should preferably receive single-agent treatment. […] Patients with an ECOG of 2 or comorbidities that prevent combination treatment should receive a single-agent treatment. Gemcitabine is preferred over 5-FU in this case. […] The combination of 5-FU, irinotecan, and oxaliplatin in the FOLFIRINOX protocol is a landmark in the treatment of mPDAC. […] FOLFIRINOX should be offered to patients with an ECOG of 01, a Bilirubin value of 1.5ULN, and a favorable comorbidity profile. […] Upon progress under a first-line treatment, patients should receive a second-line treatment if their ECOG is 2. […] The combination of gemcitabine with targeted therapies has so far not shown a clinically relevant survival benefit for patients with mPDAC.

• #32 Pancreatic Cancer Treatment (PDQ®) – NCI

  https://www.cancer.gov/types/pancreatic/hp/pancreatic-treatment-pdq

  Complete resection can yield 5-year survival rates of 18% to 24%, but ultimate control remains poor because of the high incidence of both local and distant tumor recurrence. Thus, systemic therapy is also recommended. […] For patients with good performance status, adjuvant FOLFIRINOX chemotherapy or the combination of gemcitabine and capecitabine should be considered. […] The role of postoperative therapy (chemotherapy with or without chemoradiation therapy) in the management of this disease remains controversial because much of the randomized clinical trial data available are statistically underpowered and provide conflicting results. […] Patients with locally advanced pancreatic cancer have tumors that are technically unresectable because of local vessel impingement or invasion by tumor. However, with the combination of chemotherapy and chemoradiation therapy, some patients may become candidates for radical pancreatic resection.

• #33 Systemic Therapy for Metastatic Pancreatic Cancer

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8526424/

  Systemic treatment plays an important role in the treatment of metastatic pancreatic cancer (mPDAC). All patients with mPDAC and an ECOG performance status of 02 should be offered systemic treatment since it improves both overall survival and quality of life. Systemic treatment can also lead to a reduced requirement of pain medication, delay weight loss, as well as the time to the definitive deterioration of quality of life. Systemic treatment should be started immediately after the detection of metastasis. […] There are several well-established options for first-line treatment of mPDAC: The FOLFIRINOX protocol, the combination of gemcitabine plus nab-paclitaxel, and gemcitabine monotherapy. The choice of the respective treatment depends on the patients ECOG performance status, comorbidity, and patients preferences.

• #34 Pancreatic cancer – Diagnosis and treatment – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/pancreatic-cancer/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20355427

  Surgery can cure pancreatic cancer, but it’s not an option for everyone. It might be used to treat cancer that hasn’t spread to other organs. Surgery might not be possible if the cancer grows large or extends into nearby blood vessels. In these situations, treatment might start with other options, such as chemotherapy. Sometimes surgery might be done after these other treatments. […] Chemotherapy uses strong medicines to kill cancer cells. Treatment might involve one chemotherapy medicine or a mix of them. Most chemotherapy medicines are given through a vein, but some are taken in pill form. […] Radiation therapy uses powerful energy beams to kill cancer cells. The energy can come from X-rays, protons or other sources. During radiation therapy, you lie on a table while a machine moves around you. The machine directs radiation to precise points on your body.

• #35 Radiation Therapy for Pancreatic Cancer – Pancreatic Cancer Action Network

  https://pancan.org/facing-pancreatic-cancer/treatment/treatment-types/radiation-therapy/

  Radiation therapy is a cancer treatment that uses high-energy radiation, in the form of waves (like x-rays) or particles (like protons), to kill cancer cells or stop them from growing and spreading. […] The goal of radiation is to treat the tumor to keep it from growing or coming back (recurring), while sparing the healthy organs or tissue nearby. […] Radiation therapy may be used in all stages of pancreatic cancer. […] In patients with resectable tumors, radiation can be given: Before surgery (neoadjuvant), to lower the risk of leaving cancer cells behind and to lessen the chance of the cancer coming back after surgery; After surgery (adjuvant), to help prevent the cancer from returning and to kill tiny cancer cells that may have been left behind (positive margin or nodes). […] Patients with unresectable tumors may also receive radiation therapy. In these cases, it is often given to prevent the tumor from growing, which could cause pain or other symptoms.

• #36 Radiation Therapy for Pancreatic Cancer – Pancreatic Cancer Action Network

  https://pancan.org/facing-pancreatic-cancer/treatment/treatment-types/radiation-therapy/

  Radiation therapy is a cancer treatment that uses high-energy radiation, in the form of waves (like x-rays) or particles (like protons), to kill cancer cells or stop them from growing and spreading. […] The goal of radiation is to treat the tumor to keep it from growing or coming back (recurring), while sparing the healthy organs or tissue nearby. […] Radiation therapy may be used in all stages of pancreatic cancer. […] In patients with resectable tumors, radiation can be given: Before surgery (neoadjuvant), to lower the risk of leaving cancer cells behind and to lessen the chance of the cancer coming back after surgery; After surgery (adjuvant), to help prevent the cancer from returning and to kill tiny cancer cells that may have been left behind (positive margin or nodes). […] Patients with unresectable tumors may also receive radiation therapy. In these cases, it is often given to prevent the tumor from growing, which could cause pain or other symptoms.

• #37 Treatment for pancreatic cancer – NHS

  https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/pancreatic-cancer/treatment/

  Chemotherapy uses medicines to kill cancer cells. You may have chemotherapy for pancreatic cancer: to control symptoms if you’re not able to have surgery because you are very unwell, or the cancer cannot be removed by surgery it may be combined with radiotherapy (chemoradiotherapy), after surgery to help stop the cancer coming back, before surgery to help make the cancer smaller, to treat early cancer. […] Radiotherapy uses high-energy rays of radiation to kill cancer cells. Radiotherapy is not often used to treat pancreatic cancer. But you may have radiotherapy: to treat early cancer if you are not able to have surgery because you are very unwell or the cancer cannot be removed by surgery it’s usually combined with chemotherapy (chemoradiotherapy), with chemotherapy before surgery to help make the cancer smaller, to help control and improve the symptoms of advanced cancer.

• #38 Radiation Therapy for Pancreatic Cancer – Pancreatic Cancer Action Network

  https://pancan.org/facing-pancreatic-cancer/treatment/treatment-types/radiation-therapy/

  There are two main types of radiation therapy: external beam radiation therapy and internal radiation therapy. […] External beam radiation therapy uses a machine outside the body to direct radiation beams through the skin to the tumor or area where the tumor was removed. It is used often to treat pancreatic cancer. […] Patients should discuss the treatment options with their radiation oncologists, who are ideally part of a multidisciplinary team. […] Intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) delivers focused radiation to the tumor by changing (modulating) radiation beam strength (intensity) under precise computer control. […] Stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) is designed to deliver focused, high doses of radiation in five treatments or less. […] Patients may get radiation therapy alone or in combination with chemotherapy, known as chemoradiation.

• #39 4 Innovative Pancreatic Cancer Treatment Options | MD Anderson Cancer Center

  https://www.mdanderson.org/cancer-types/pancreatic-cancer/pancreatic-cancer-treatment.html

  In many cases, cancer cannot be completely removed because it has spread too far beyond the pancreas or into major blood vessels. […] For these patients, surgery is sometimes used to help relieve symptoms of pancreatic cancer. […] Chemotherapy drugs kill cancer cells, control their growth or relieve disease-related symptoms. […] Depending on the resectability (likelihood that the tumor can be completely removed by surgery) of the pancreatic cancer, chemotherapy can be given: Prior to surgery, to try to reduce the size of the pancreatic tumor that needs to be removed, After surgery, to destroy any cancer that may not have been completely removed, Along with radiation, which is called chemoradiation. […] There are many chemotherapy drugs used to treat pancreatic cancer. […] Radiation therapy uses high-energy photon beams (x-rays) to slow or shrink pancreatic tumors.

• #40 Radiation Therapy for Pancreatic Cancer – Pancreatic Cancer Action Network

  https://pancan.org/facing-pancreatic-cancer/treatment/treatment-types/radiation-therapy/

  There are two main types of radiation therapy: external beam radiation therapy and internal radiation therapy. […] External beam radiation therapy uses a machine outside the body to direct radiation beams through the skin to the tumor or area where the tumor was removed. It is used often to treat pancreatic cancer. […] Patients should discuss the treatment options with their radiation oncologists, who are ideally part of a multidisciplinary team. […] Intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) delivers focused radiation to the tumor by changing (modulating) radiation beam strength (intensity) under precise computer control. […] Stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) is designed to deliver focused, high doses of radiation in five treatments or less. […] Patients may get radiation therapy alone or in combination with chemotherapy, known as chemoradiation.

• #41 Radiation Therapy for Pancreatic Cancer – Pancreatic Cancer Action Network

  https://pancan.org/facing-pancreatic-cancer/treatment/treatment-types/radiation-therapy/

  The chemotherapy drugs most commonly used with radiation therapy are: 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU), Capecitabine (Xeloda), Gemcitabine (Gemzar). […] Radiation therapy is usually an outpatient treatment. […] Side effects differ depending on the type of radiation therapy given. The most common side effects of radiation therapy for pancreatic cancer are: Loss of appetite, Nausea, Diarrhea, Fatigue. […] Radiation therapy treatments do not hurt during the procedure.

• #42 Chemotherapy & Targeted Drugs for Pancreatic Cancer | NYU Langone Health

  https://nyulangone.org/conditions/pancreatic-cancer/treatments/chemotherapy-targeted-drugs-for-pancreatic-cancer

  Chemotherapy Targeted Drugs for Pancreatic Cancer […] Doctors at NYU Langones Perlmutter Cancer Center may prescribe chemotherapy, a group of drugs that helps destroy cancer cells, to manage pancreatic cancer. […] Chemotherapy is sometimes combined with targeted drugs, which are designed to destroy cancer cells while sparing healthy cells. […] Because chemotherapy increases the effectiveness of radiation therapy, in which energy beams are used to remove cancer cells, the two are often combined in an approach called chemoradiation. […] Chemotherapy may be given alone or in combination with radiation therapy, called chemoradiation, before surgery to shrink large tumors located near important blood vessels. […] Chemotherapy or chemoradiation may be the only treatment used in people who have advanced pancreatic cancer that has spread to organs such as the liver and lungs and therefore cannot benefit from surgery.

• #43 Targeted Therapy for Pancreatic Cancer | American Cancer Society

  https://www.cancer.org/cancer/types/pancreatic-cancer/treating/targeted-therapy.html

  As researchers have learned more about the changes in pancreatic cancer cells that help them grow, they have developed newer drugs to specifically target these changes. These targeted drugs work differently from standard chemo drugs. Sometimes they work when standard chemo drugs dont, and they often have different side effects. […] Dabrafenib (Tafinlar) and trametinib (Mekinist) are given in combination, and are treatment options for people with unresectable pancreatic cancer, if it is found to have the BRAFV600E mutation. […] Larotrectinib (Vitrakvi) and entrectinib (Rozlytrek) are given as a single agent (alone) and are treatment options for people with unresectable pancreatic cancer, if it is found to have the NTRK gene fusion mutation. […] Selpercatinib (Retevmo) is a treatment option for people with unresectable pancreatic cancer, if it is found to have the RET gene fusion mutation.

• #44 Targeted Therapy for Pancreatic Cancer | American Cancer Society

  https://www.cancer.org/cancer/types/pancreatic-cancer/treating/targeted-therapy.html

  As researchers have learned more about the changes in pancreatic cancer cells that help them grow, they have developed newer drugs to specifically target these changes. These targeted drugs work differently from standard chemo drugs. Sometimes they work when standard chemo drugs dont, and they often have different side effects. […] Dabrafenib (Tafinlar) and trametinib (Mekinist) are given in combination, and are treatment options for people with unresectable pancreatic cancer, if it is found to have the BRAFV600E mutation. […] Larotrectinib (Vitrakvi) and entrectinib (Rozlytrek) are given as a single agent (alone) and are treatment options for people with unresectable pancreatic cancer, if it is found to have the NTRK gene fusion mutation. […] Selpercatinib (Retevmo) is a treatment option for people with unresectable pancreatic cancer, if it is found to have the RET gene fusion mutation.

• #45 Targeted Therapy for Pancreatic Cancer | American Cancer Society

  https://www.cancer.org/cancer/types/pancreatic-cancer/treating/targeted-therapy.html

  As researchers have learned more about the changes in pancreatic cancer cells that help them grow, they have developed newer drugs to specifically target these changes. These targeted drugs work differently from standard chemo drugs. Sometimes they work when standard chemo drugs dont, and they often have different side effects. […] Dabrafenib (Tafinlar) and trametinib (Mekinist) are given in combination, and are treatment options for people with unresectable pancreatic cancer, if it is found to have the BRAFV600E mutation. […] Larotrectinib (Vitrakvi) and entrectinib (Rozlytrek) are given as a single agent (alone) and are treatment options for people with unresectable pancreatic cancer, if it is found to have the NTRK gene fusion mutation. […] Selpercatinib (Retevmo) is a treatment option for people with unresectable pancreatic cancer, if it is found to have the RET gene fusion mutation.

• #46 Targeted Therapy for Pancreatic Cancer | American Cancer Society

  https://www.cancer.org/cancer/types/pancreatic-cancer/treating/targeted-therapy.html

  Adagrasib (Krazati) and sotorasib (Lumakras) are given as a single agent (alone) and are treatment options for people with unresectable pancreatic cancer, if it is found to have the KRAS G12C mutation. […] Erlotinib (Tarceva) is a drug that targets a protein on cancer cells called EGFR, which normally helps the cells grow. In people with advanced pancreatic cancer, this drug can be given along with the chemo drug gemcitabine. […] Olaparib (Lynparza) is a type of drug known as a PARP inhibitor. […] Zenocutuzumab-zbco (Bizengri) is a bispecific antibody that binds to HER2 and HER3 (located on the surface of cancer cells) and prevents a protein called neuregulin 1 (NRG1) from binding to HER3. It can be used to treat metastatic pancreatic adenocarcinoma with a NRG1 gene fusion mutation in patients who have already received at least one other type of drug treatment.

• #47 Pancreatic Cancer Treatment (PDQ®) – NCI

  https://www.cancer.gov/types/pancreatic/hp/pancreatic-treatment-pdq

  Treatment options for metastatic or recurrent pancreatic cancer include: Chemotherapy with or without targeted therapy. Clinical trials evaluating new anticancer agents alone or in combination with chemotherapy. […] Because of the low objective response rate and limited efficacy of palliative chemotherapy regimens, all newly diagnosed patients should consider enrolling in clinical trials. Multiagent chemotherapy combinations have been shown to prolong outcomes compared with single-agent gemcitabine. […] Olaparib (a PARP inhibitor) maintenance therapy can be considered for patients with germline BRCA1/BRCA2 variants and metastatic pancreatic adenocarcinoma who have responded to first-line platinum-based therapy for more than 4 months.

• #48

  https://www.facingourrisk.org/info/risk-management-and-treatment/cancer-treatment/by-cancer-type/pancreatic/biomarkers-targeted-immunotherapies

  Targeted therapies kill cancer cells, while sparing normal cells. Immunotherapies help the immune system detect and attack cancer cells. Targeted therapy is a type of cancer treatment designed to attack or kill cancer cells, while sparing normal cells as much as possible. They are designed to target abnormal proteins, receptors or genes that are found in cancer cells or the surrounding tissue. Often times additional testing on the cancer is used to decide if targeted therapy is the best treatment for a person with pancreatic cancer. PARP inhibitors work by blocking a protein used by cells to repair damaged DNA. For people with pancreatic cancer, the PARP inhibitor Lynparza (olaparib) has been approved as maintenance therapy in patients with advanced pancreatic cancer whose cancer has stabilized after at least four months of chemotherapy. Other targeted therapies used to treat pancreatic exocrine cancer include: Vitrakvi (larotrectinib) is approved for treatment of advanced cancers that have a genetic change called an NTRK fusion. Enhertu (trastuzumab deruxtecan) is a type of targeted therapy approved for treatment of advanced cancers that have a biomarker called HER2-positive. Retevmo (selpercatinib) if tumor testing is positive for a biomarker called RET gene fusion. Targeted therapies used to treat pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors include: Afinitor (everolimus) is a type of targeted therapy known as an mTOR inhibitor that is FDA approved for treating people with advanced pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors. Sutent (sunitinib malate) is a targeted therapy that is FDA approved to treat patients with pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors that cannot be removed by surgery or that have metastasized. Immunotherapies are cancer treatments that help the body’s immune system detect and attack cancer cells. Immune checkpoint inhibitors are a type of immunotherapy used to treat several types of cancer, including some pancreatic cancers. Keytruda (pembrolizumab) is known as an immune checkpoint inhibitor. Keytruda is approved for treatment of patients with metastatic cancer with a biomarker known as microsatellite instability-high (MSI-H) or mismatch repair deficient (dMMR). Currently, there are no vaccines with FDA approval to treat pancreatic cancer, but several are being studied in clinical trials.

• #49 Targeted Therapy for Pancreatic Cancer | American Cancer Society

  https://www.cancer.org/cancer/types/pancreatic-cancer/treating/targeted-therapy.html

  Adagrasib (Krazati) and sotorasib (Lumakras) are given as a single agent (alone) and are treatment options for people with unresectable pancreatic cancer, if it is found to have the KRAS G12C mutation. […] Erlotinib (Tarceva) is a drug that targets a protein on cancer cells called EGFR, which normally helps the cells grow. In people with advanced pancreatic cancer, this drug can be given along with the chemo drug gemcitabine. […] Olaparib (Lynparza) is a type of drug known as a PARP inhibitor. […] Zenocutuzumab-zbco (Bizengri) is a bispecific antibody that binds to HER2 and HER3 (located on the surface of cancer cells) and prevents a protein called neuregulin 1 (NRG1) from binding to HER3. It can be used to treat metastatic pancreatic adenocarcinoma with a NRG1 gene fusion mutation in patients who have already received at least one other type of drug treatment.

• #50 Targeted Therapy for Pancreatic Cancer | American Cancer Society

  https://www.cancer.org/cancer/types/pancreatic-cancer/treating/targeted-therapy.html

  As researchers have learned more about the changes in pancreatic cancer cells that help them grow, they have developed newer drugs to specifically target these changes. These targeted drugs work differently from standard chemo drugs. Sometimes they work when standard chemo drugs dont, and they often have different side effects. […] Dabrafenib (Tafinlar) and trametinib (Mekinist) are given in combination, and are treatment options for people with unresectable pancreatic cancer, if it is found to have the BRAFV600E mutation. […] Larotrectinib (Vitrakvi) and entrectinib (Rozlytrek) are given as a single agent (alone) and are treatment options for people with unresectable pancreatic cancer, if it is found to have the NTRK gene fusion mutation. […] Selpercatinib (Retevmo) is a treatment option for people with unresectable pancreatic cancer, if it is found to have the RET gene fusion mutation.

• #51 Targeted Therapy for Pancreatic Cancer | American Cancer Society

  https://www.cancer.org/cancer/types/pancreatic-cancer/treating/targeted-therapy.html

  As researchers have learned more about the changes in pancreatic cancer cells that help them grow, they have developed newer drugs to specifically target these changes. These targeted drugs work differently from standard chemo drugs. Sometimes they work when standard chemo drugs dont, and they often have different side effects. […] Dabrafenib (Tafinlar) and trametinib (Mekinist) are given in combination, and are treatment options for people with unresectable pancreatic cancer, if it is found to have the BRAFV600E mutation. […] Larotrectinib (Vitrakvi) and entrectinib (Rozlytrek) are given as a single agent (alone) and are treatment options for people with unresectable pancreatic cancer, if it is found to have the NTRK gene fusion mutation. […] Selpercatinib (Retevmo) is a treatment option for people with unresectable pancreatic cancer, if it is found to have the RET gene fusion mutation.

• #52 Targeted Therapy for Pancreatic Cancer | American Cancer Society

  https://www.cancer.org/cancer/types/pancreatic-cancer/treating/targeted-therapy.html

  Adagrasib (Krazati) and sotorasib (Lumakras) are given as a single agent (alone) and are treatment options for people with unresectable pancreatic cancer, if it is found to have the KRAS G12C mutation. […] Erlotinib (Tarceva) is a drug that targets a protein on cancer cells called EGFR, which normally helps the cells grow. In people with advanced pancreatic cancer, this drug can be given along with the chemo drug gemcitabine. […] Olaparib (Lynparza) is a type of drug known as a PARP inhibitor. […] Zenocutuzumab-zbco (Bizengri) is a bispecific antibody that binds to HER2 and HER3 (located on the surface of cancer cells) and prevents a protein called neuregulin 1 (NRG1) from binding to HER3. It can be used to treat metastatic pancreatic adenocarcinoma with a NRG1 gene fusion mutation in patients who have already received at least one other type of drug treatment.

• #53 Targeted Therapy for Pancreatic Cancer | American Cancer Society

  https://www.cancer.org/cancer/types/pancreatic-cancer/treating/targeted-therapy.html

  Adagrasib (Krazati) and sotorasib (Lumakras) are given as a single agent (alone) and are treatment options for people with unresectable pancreatic cancer, if it is found to have the KRAS G12C mutation. […] Erlotinib (Tarceva) is a drug that targets a protein on cancer cells called EGFR, which normally helps the cells grow. In people with advanced pancreatic cancer, this drug can be given along with the chemo drug gemcitabine. […] Olaparib (Lynparza) is a type of drug known as a PARP inhibitor. […] Zenocutuzumab-zbco (Bizengri) is a bispecific antibody that binds to HER2 and HER3 (located on the surface of cancer cells) and prevents a protein called neuregulin 1 (NRG1) from binding to HER3. It can be used to treat metastatic pancreatic adenocarcinoma with a NRG1 gene fusion mutation in patients who have already received at least one other type of drug treatment.

• #54 Pancreatic Cancer Treatment Types – Pancreatic Cancer Action Network

  https://pancan.org/facing-pancreatic-cancer/treatment/treatment-types/

  Doctor and patient discuss types of treatment for pancreatic cancer. […] Standard treatments for pancreatic cancer are surgery, chemotherapy, radiation or a mix of these. […] For eligible patients, surgery is the best option for long-term survival of pancreatic cancer. […] Chemotherapy uses drugs to kill cancer cells by stopping them from growing and dividing. […] Radiation therapy uses energy in the form of particle or electromagnetic waves. […] Clinical trials are research studies that look at new treatments. […] Immunotherapy is a treatment that helps your immune system attack cancer cells. […] Targeted therapy uses drugs to attack unique aspects of cancer cells with little harm to healthy cells. […] The Pancreatic Cancer Action Network strongly recommends all pancreatic cancer patients get genetic testing for inherited mutations as soon as possible after diagnosis and biomarker testing of their tumor tissue to help determine the best treatment options.

• #55 Pancreatic Cancer Treatment & Pharmacologic Management

  https://www.cancertherapyadvisor.com/ddi/pancreatic-cancer-pharmacologic-treatment/

  Targeted therapies have become more widely available to treat patients with a variety of tumors. The goal of targeted treatment is to focus only on cancer cells, sparing normal cells and reducing adverse effects. Currently, targeted therapy is used as second-line or maintenance treatment in patients with metastatic PDAC that has progressed after first-line chemotherapy. […] Immunotherapy has not been effective in treating patients with PDAC due to the disease’s immunosuppressive characteristics. However, one immunomodulating drug pembrolizumab has shown modest benefit as a second-line treatment in patients with a mismatch repair deficiency or high microsatellite instability.

• #56 Drug Treatments – Lustgarten Foundation: Pancreatic Cancer Research

  https://lustgarten.org/living-with-pancreatic-cancer/understanding/treatment-options/drug-treatments/

  Immunotherapies are types of biological therapies that use substances to stimulate the immune system to help the body fight cancer, infection and other diseases. Currently, the only immunotherapy approved for pancreatic cancer is pembrolizumab (Keytruda). This treatment has proven effective for advanced pancreatic cancer patients whose tumors are mismatch repair deficient (approximately 1%-2% of patients). […] Radiation therapy (also called radiotherapy) uses high-energy X-rays to shrink tumors by killing cancer cells. External beam radiation therapy is the type most commonly used to treat pancreatic cancer. A beam of radiation from outside of the body is focused on the tumor, similarly to what is done during a diagnostic X-ray, only at much higher doses of radiation. Radiation is often given at the same time as chemotherapy, but may be given by itself before or after completing chemotherapy.

• #57 Systemic Therapy for Metastatic Pancreatic Cancer

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8526424/

  Patients with mPDAC should undergo testing for a germline BRCA1/2 mutation early after diagnosis since in these patients, a platinum-based treatment appears highly efficacious. […] Immune checkpoint inhibitors like PD1/PD-L1 mAbs are particularly efficacious in tumors with a deficient mismatch repair system (dMMR) or high microsatellite instability (MSI-H).

• #58 Immunotherapy for Pancreatic Cancer – Cancer Research Institute

  https://www.cancerresearch.org/cancer-types/pancreatic-cancer

  Immunotherapy for pancreatic cancer is currently in clinical trials, providing potential new options for patients with this difficult-to-treat cancer. […] There are currently limited effective treatments for patients with advanced disease who are ineligible for surgery, a prognosis representing the majority of pancreatic cancer diagnoses. […] Traditional treatments for pancreatic cancer include surgical resection, radiation, ablative treatments, and chemotherapy. […] Currently, the only treatment for pancreatic cancer that has any chance of curing the patient of the disease is the complete surgical removal of the pancreas, a procedure for which fewer than 20% of those diagnosed are eligible. […] Immunotherapy is a class of treatments that take advantage of a person’s own immune system to help kill cancer cells.

• #59 Could a Georgetown Lab Finding Lead to New Treatment in Pancreatic Cancer?

  https://lombardi.georgetown.edu/lombardi-stories/could-a-georgetown-lab-finding-lead-to-new-treatment-in-pancreatic-cancer/

  Now, for the first time, new research by Georgetown scientists shows potential to make immunotherapy effective in pancreatic cancer by combining it with a drug that makes cancer cells more responsive to immunotherapy. […] The clinical study combines BXCL701 with pembrolizumab, an anti-PD1 immunotherapy drug that is already approved by the FDA to treat a variety of other cancers. Researchers are testing the combination in pancreatic cancer patients who have already received chemotherapy, Weiner explained. […] This treatment program has the potential to be a game-changer for patients with advanced pancreatic cancer. […] It’s exciting that we’re seeing some novel immunotherapy drugs. For the first time, there is some real hope on the horizon, Weinberg said.

• #60 Treatments for pancreatic cancer | Canadian Cancer Society

  https://cancer.ca/en/cancer-information/cancer-types/pancreatic/treatment

  If you have pancreatic cancer, your healthcare team will create a treatment plan just for you. It will be based on your health and specific information about the cancer. When deciding which treatments to offer for pancreatic cancer, your healthcare team will consider the size and location of the tumour and your overall health. […] The stage of the cancer, including if the tumour is resectable, borderline resectable or unresectable (locally advanced or metastatic), determines which treatments can be offered. […] Resectable pancreatic tumours can be completely removed with surgery. Stage 1 or 2 tumours are often resectable. They are treated with surgery to remove part, or all, of the pancreas. Chemotherapy may be given after surgery (called adjuvant chemotherapy). If cancer cells are found in the tissue removed along with the tumour during surgery (called positive surgical margins), radiation therapy or chemoradiation may be given.

• #61 How We Treat Pancreatic Cancer | Dana-Farber Cancer Institute

  https://www.dana-farber.org/cancer-care/types/pancreatic-cancer/treatment

  Because specialists from each discipline regularly discuss your care, we ensure that all available approaches to treatment are considered, and that you receive the combination of treatments that works best for your care. […] The main types of treatment for pancreatic cancer include: Surgery, Chemotherapy, Radiation therapy. […] Surgically removing the tumor is the main opportunity to cure a pancreatic tumor that has not spread to involve major blood vessels or to other organs, such as the liver. […] Radiation therapy and/or chemotherapy may be used before or after surgery or instead of surgery if the cancer cannot be entirely removed. […] You may find it helpful to think of the stages of pancreatic cancer in these treatment-related terms: Resectable: Surgery is the primary treatment, often with chemotherapy and/or radiation before or after surgery.

• #62 Treatments for pancreatic cancer | Canadian Cancer Society

  https://cancer.ca/en/cancer-information/cancer-types/pancreatic/treatment

  If you have pancreatic cancer, your healthcare team will create a treatment plan just for you. It will be based on your health and specific information about the cancer. When deciding which treatments to offer for pancreatic cancer, your healthcare team will consider the size and location of the tumour and your overall health. […] The stage of the cancer, including if the tumour is resectable, borderline resectable or unresectable (locally advanced or metastatic), determines which treatments can be offered. […] Resectable pancreatic tumours can be completely removed with surgery. Stage 1 or 2 tumours are often resectable. They are treated with surgery to remove part, or all, of the pancreas. Chemotherapy may be given after surgery (called adjuvant chemotherapy). If cancer cells are found in the tissue removed along with the tumour during surgery (called positive surgical margins), radiation therapy or chemoradiation may be given.

• #63 Pancreatic Cancer Treatment (PDQ®) – PDQ Cancer Information Summaries – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK65959/

  The following types of treatment are used: Surgery, Radiation therapy, Chemotherapy, Chemoradiation therapy, Targeted therapy. […] Treatment of resectable or borderline resectable pancreatic cancer may include: chemotherapy with or without radiation therapy, followed by surgery, surgery, surgery, followed by chemotherapy, surgery, followed by chemoradiation, a clinical trial of chemotherapy and/or radiation therapy before surgery, a clinical trial of chemoradiation, followed by surgery and then chemotherapy, a clinical trial of different ways of giving radiation therapy. […] Treatment of pancreatic cancer that is locally advanced may include: chemotherapy with or without targeted therapy, chemotherapy and chemoradiation, surgery (Whipple procedure, total pancreatectomy, or distal pancreatectomy), palliative surgery or stent placement to bypass blocked areas in ducts or the small intestine, and possibly chemotherapy and chemoradiation to shrink the tumor to allow for surgery.

• #64 Treatments for pancreatic cancer | Canadian Cancer Society

  https://cancer.ca/en/cancer-information/cancer-types/pancreatic/treatment

  Borderline resectable pancreatic tumours are treated in a clinical trial setting, if possible. They may be treated before surgery with chemotherapy and chemoradiation (called neoadjuvant therapy). […] Locally advanced pancreatic tumours (stage 3) are treated with chemotherapy, radiation therapy or chemoradiation. In some cases, surgery will be used to relieve symptoms of advanced cancer (called palliative surgery), but it isn’t used to try to remove the entire tumour. […] Metastatic pancreatic tumours (stage 4) are treated with chemotherapy, with or without targeted therapy. Surgery, radiation therapy or both may be offered to relieve symptoms and control pain (called palliative therapy). […] Surgery is the primary treatment for resectable pancreatic cancer. […] Borderline resectable pancreatic cancer is treated with a combination of therapies. Chemotherapy and chemoradiation are used before surgery.

• #65 Pancreatic Cancer Treatment (PDQ®) – PDQ Cancer Information Summaries – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK65959/

  The following types of treatment are used: Surgery, Radiation therapy, Chemotherapy, Chemoradiation therapy, Targeted therapy. […] Treatment of resectable or borderline resectable pancreatic cancer may include: chemotherapy with or without radiation therapy, followed by surgery, surgery, surgery, followed by chemotherapy, surgery, followed by chemoradiation, a clinical trial of chemotherapy and/or radiation therapy before surgery, a clinical trial of chemoradiation, followed by surgery and then chemotherapy, a clinical trial of different ways of giving radiation therapy. […] Treatment of pancreatic cancer that is locally advanced may include: chemotherapy with or without targeted therapy, chemotherapy and chemoradiation, surgery (Whipple procedure, total pancreatectomy, or distal pancreatectomy), palliative surgery or stent placement to bypass blocked areas in ducts or the small intestine, and possibly chemotherapy and chemoradiation to shrink the tumor to allow for surgery.

• #66 Treatments for pancreatic cancer | Canadian Cancer Society

  https://cancer.ca/en/cancer-information/cancer-types/pancreatic/treatment

  Borderline resectable pancreatic tumours are treated in a clinical trial setting, if possible. They may be treated before surgery with chemotherapy and chemoradiation (called neoadjuvant therapy). […] Locally advanced pancreatic tumours (stage 3) are treated with chemotherapy, radiation therapy or chemoradiation. In some cases, surgery will be used to relieve symptoms of advanced cancer (called palliative surgery), but it isn’t used to try to remove the entire tumour. […] Metastatic pancreatic tumours (stage 4) are treated with chemotherapy, with or without targeted therapy. Surgery, radiation therapy or both may be offered to relieve symptoms and control pain (called palliative therapy). […] Surgery is the primary treatment for resectable pancreatic cancer. […] Borderline resectable pancreatic cancer is treated with a combination of therapies. Chemotherapy and chemoradiation are used before surgery.

• #67 Pancreatic Cancer Treatment (PDQ®) – PDQ Cancer Information Summaries – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK65959/

  The following types of treatment are used: Surgery, Radiation therapy, Chemotherapy, Chemoradiation therapy, Targeted therapy. […] Treatment of resectable or borderline resectable pancreatic cancer may include: chemotherapy with or without radiation therapy, followed by surgery, surgery, surgery, followed by chemotherapy, surgery, followed by chemoradiation, a clinical trial of chemotherapy and/or radiation therapy before surgery, a clinical trial of chemoradiation, followed by surgery and then chemotherapy, a clinical trial of different ways of giving radiation therapy. […] Treatment of pancreatic cancer that is locally advanced may include: chemotherapy with or without targeted therapy, chemotherapy and chemoradiation, surgery (Whipple procedure, total pancreatectomy, or distal pancreatectomy), palliative surgery or stent placement to bypass blocked areas in ducts or the small intestine, and possibly chemotherapy and chemoradiation to shrink the tumor to allow for surgery.

• #68 Treatments for pancreatic cancer | Canadian Cancer Society

  https://cancer.ca/en/cancer-information/cancer-types/pancreatic/treatment

  There are a few treatment options for locally advanced pancreatic cancer. […] Treatments for metastatic pancreatic cancer include chemotherapy, surgery and radiation therapy. […] Treatments for recurrent pancreatic cancer include chemotherapy, surgery, radiation and targeted therapy. […] Surgery is usually used to treat pancreatic cancer. […] Chemotherapy is commonly used to treat pancreatic cancer. […] Radiation therapy uses high-energy rays or particles to destroy cancer cells. It is sometimes used to treat pancreatic cancer.

• #69 Pancreatic Cancer Treatment (PDQ®) – PDQ Cancer Information Summaries – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK65959/

  Treatment of pancreatic cancer that has metastasized or recurred may include: chemotherapy with or without targeted therapy, clinical trials of new anticancer agents with or without chemotherapy. […] Palliative therapy can improve the patient’s quality of life by controlling the symptoms and complications of pancreatic cancer.

• #70 Pancreatic Cancer Treatment – NCI

  https://www.cancer.gov/types/pancreatic/patient/pancreatic-treatment-pdq

  Palliative therapy for pancreatic cancer may include: palliative surgery or stent placement to bypass blocked areas in ducts or the small intestine; palliative radiation therapy to help relieve pain by shrinking the tumor; an injection of medicine to help relieve pain by blocking nerves in the abdomen; other palliative medical care alone.

• #71 Pancreatic cancer – Diagnosis and treatment – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/pancreatic-cancer/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20355427

  Immunotherapy is a treatment with medicine that helps the body’s immune system kill cancer cells. The immune system fights off diseases by attacking germs and other cells that shouldn’t be in the body. Cancer cells survive by hiding from the immune system. Immunotherapy helps the immune system cells find and kill the cancer cells. […] Palliative care is a special type of health care that helps people with serious illness feel better. If you have cancer, palliative care can help relieve pain and other symptoms. A team of health care professionals does palliative care. The team can include doctors, nurses and other specially trained professionals. The team’s goal is to improve quality of life for you and your family.

• #72 Patient education: Pancreatic cancer (Beyond the Basics) – UpToDate

  https://www.uptodate.com/contents/pancreatic-cancer-beyond-the-basics

  Systemic therapy — Systemic therapies (ie, drugs that are administered intravenously or orally) are typically used to treat these tumors. […] Chemotherapy — Chemotherapy is the most common form of systemic therapy used to treat metastatic pancreatic cancer. […] Treatment of cancer-related symptoms […] Treatments are available to relieve these symptoms. […] Jaundice — Jaundice is caused by a blockage of the flow of bile from the liver into the intestine. […] Pain — Pain is a common problem with pancreatic cancer. […] Weight loss — Weight loss is common with pancreatic cancer.

• #73 Treatment for pancreatic cancer – NHS

  https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/pancreatic-cancer/treatment/

  There are several other treatments that can help you feel better and improve the symptoms of pancreatic cancer. This is called supportive care. Treatments can help with many symptoms of pancreatic cancer, including problems eating and weight loss, including prescribing enzyme replacement tablets to help you digest your food better, relieving any pain, tiredness, feeling or being sick, including prescribing anti-sickness tablets. […] If you have advanced pancreatic cancer, it might be very hard to treat. It may not be possible to cure the cancer. If this is the case, the aim of your treatment will be to limit the cancer and its symptoms, and help you live longer.

• #74

  https://winshipcancer.emory.edu/cancer-types-and-treatments/pancreatic-cancer/

  We analyze your cancer down to the molecular level so we can understand exactly whats driving it. […] With more clinical trials than any other cancer center in the state, youll have access to the most advanced and innovative treatments for your specific pancreatic cancer. […] Besides having higher pancreatic cancer survival rates at Winship as compared with non-NCI-designated centers, we also focus on your quality of life with pancreatic cancer. […] We know how difficult a diagnosis of pancreatic cancer is, and our gastrointestinal oncology team is here for you and your family to lean on.

• #75 Treating Pancreatic Cancer | Pancreatic Cancer Treatment | American Cancer Society

  https://www.cancer.org/cancer/types/pancreatic-cancer/treating.html

  Clinical trials are carefully controlled research studies that are done to get a closer look at promising new treatments or procedures. Clinical trials are one way to get state-of-the-art cancer treatment. […] You may hear about alternative or complementary methods to relieve symptoms or treat your cancer that your doctors havent mentioned. […] Be sure to talk to your cancer care team about any method you are thinking about using. They can help you learn what is known (or not known) about the method, which can help you make an informed decision. […] Whether you are thinking about treatment, getting treatment, or not being treated at all, you can still get supportive care to help with pain or other symptoms. […] For some people, when treatments have been tried and are no longer controlling the cancer, it could be time to weigh the benefits and risks of continuing to try new treatments. […] Remember that even if you choose not to treat the cancer, you can still get supportive care to help with pain or other symptoms. […] Hospice care is designed to provide the best possible quality of life for people who are near the end of life.

• #76 Pancreatic Cancer Treatment Types – Pancreatic Cancer Action Network

  https://pancan.org/facing-pancreatic-cancer/treatment/treatment-types/

  The Pancreatic Cancer Action Network strongly recommends that symptom management and supportive (palliative) care should be provided early in your diagnosis as well as during and after treatment. […] Integrative, complementary or alternative medicine (ICAM) are therapies outside of standard medical care.

• #77 Immunotherapy for Pancreatic Cancer – Cancer Research Institute

  https://www.cancerresearch.org/cancer-types/pancreatic-cancer

  There are currently two FDA-approved immunotherapy options for a small subset of patients with pancreatic cancer, and many more are being investigated in clinical trials. […] Due to its consistently poor outlook and the current lack of effective treatment options, pancreatic cancer patients are highly encouraged to seek clinical trials in all cases.

• #78 Pancreatic Cancer Treatment (PDQ®) – NCI

  https://www.cancer.gov/types/pancreatic/hp/pancreatic-treatment-pdq

  Treatment options for metastatic or recurrent pancreatic cancer include: Chemotherapy with or without targeted therapy. Clinical trials evaluating new anticancer agents alone or in combination with chemotherapy. […] Because of the low objective response rate and limited efficacy of palliative chemotherapy regimens, all newly diagnosed patients should consider enrolling in clinical trials. Multiagent chemotherapy combinations have been shown to prolong outcomes compared with single-agent gemcitabine. […] Olaparib (a PARP inhibitor) maintenance therapy can be considered for patients with germline BRCA1/BRCA2 variants and metastatic pancreatic adenocarcinoma who have responded to first-line platinum-based therapy for more than 4 months.

• #79 Breakthroughs in Pancreatic Cancer Treatment

  https://www.uchealth.com/en/media-room/articles/breakthroughs-in-pancreatic-cancer-treatment

  Neoadjuvant therapy represents a seismic shift in the treatment landscape. This approach, combining chemotherapy and/or radiation therapy before surgery, is designed to shrink pancreatic tumors, thereby increasing the likelihood of complete surgical removal. […] Looking ahead, future clinical trials at the University of Cincinnati Cancer Center will focus on expanding treatment options at the early stages of pancreatic adenocarcinoma and for patients with pancreatic cancer presenting with metastatic disease. […] Immunotherapy has revolutionized cancer treatment, harnessing the body’s immune system to target and destroy cancer cells. […] The University of Cincinnati Cancer Center is at the vanguard, testing groundbreaking methods in ongoing clinical trials. […] The foray into targeted therapies has ushered in a new chapter in the fight against pancreatic cancer.

• #80 Can a New Drug Candidate Cure Pancreatic Cancer? | UC San Francisco

  https://www.ucsf.edu/news/2024/03/427231/can-new-drug-candidate-cure-pancreatic-cancer

  UC San Francisco researchers have designed a candidate drug that could help make pancreatic cancer, which is almost always fatal, a treatable, perhaps even curable, condition. […] The new drug candidate permanently modifies a wily cancer-causing mutation, called K-Ras G12D, that is responsible for nearly half of all pancreatic cancer cases and appears in some forms of lung, breast and colon cancer. […] We need drugs that work on the tumor cells only, without affecting healthy cells. […] This breakthrough is the first to target G12D and gives us a firm foothold to fight this devastating mutation. […] K-Ras mutations are extremely common in pancreatic cancer, explaining 90% of cases. […] An effective drug targeting K-RAS G12D could be transformative for patients with pancreatic cancer.

• #81 ‘Pushing the boundaries of radiation treatment’: Breakthrough in pancreatic cancer therapy advances to clinical trials | Rice News | News and Media Relations | Rice University

  https://news.rice.edu/news/2025/pushing-boundaries-radiation-treatment-breakthrough-pancreatic-cancer-therapy-advances

  ‘Pushing the boundaries of radiation treatment’: Breakthrough in pancreatic cancer therapy advances to clinical trials […] A novel approach developed by scientists, including Rice University chemist James Tour, could transform treatment for pancreatic cancer, one of the deadliest cancers with limited therapeutic options. […] This advancement, now progressing to phase 1 and 2 clinical trials, aims to protect healthy tissue from radiation damage while improving outcomes for patients battling the disease. […] Therapeutic options are minimal for pancreatic cancer patients with tumors that are not surgically removable. […] “We’re pushing the boundaries of radiation treatment while safeguarding healthy tissue,” Tour said. “This breakthrough will hopefully soon help patients who previously had limited options in treatment.”

• #82 Could a Georgetown Lab Finding Lead to New Treatment in Pancreatic Cancer?

  https://lombardi.georgetown.edu/lombardi-stories/could-a-georgetown-lab-finding-lead-to-new-treatment-in-pancreatic-cancer/

  Now, for the first time, new research by Georgetown scientists shows potential to make immunotherapy effective in pancreatic cancer by combining it with a drug that makes cancer cells more responsive to immunotherapy. […] The clinical study combines BXCL701 with pembrolizumab, an anti-PD1 immunotherapy drug that is already approved by the FDA to treat a variety of other cancers. Researchers are testing the combination in pancreatic cancer patients who have already received chemotherapy, Weiner explained. […] This treatment program has the potential to be a game-changer for patients with advanced pancreatic cancer. […] It’s exciting that we’re seeing some novel immunotherapy drugs. For the first time, there is some real hope on the horizon, Weinberg said.

• #83 A Rare Story of Hope in Pancreatic Cancer Treatment | Columbia University Irving Medical Center

  https://www.cuimc.columbia.edu/news/rare-story-hope-pancreatic-cancer-treatment

  Jeff scheduled surgery at Columbia with John Chabot, MD, an expert in a complex gastrointestinal surgery known as the Whipple that is commonly used to treat pancreatic cancer. […] For the better part of 40 to 50 years, the only treatment for pancreatic cancer has been surgery and old-school chemo. Unfortunately, this disease has been recalcitrant when responding to new therapies. […] With pancreas cancer, the current treatment options are inadequate for most patients, regardless of the stage, Manji adds. Many have tumors that will return, and treatments are often palliative in nature. […] Based on his lab findings, Gulam Manji opened a clinical trial for pancreatic cancer patients to put the findings to the test. […] Manji launched a clinical trial to test the triple therapy, enrolling 11 patients with newly diagnosed pancreatic cancer.

• #84 Can a New Drug Candidate Cure Pancreatic Cancer? | UC San Francisco

  https://www.ucsf.edu/news/2024/03/427231/can-new-drug-candidate-cure-pancreatic-cancer

  UC San Francisco researchers have designed a candidate drug that could help make pancreatic cancer, which is almost always fatal, a treatable, perhaps even curable, condition. […] The new drug candidate permanently modifies a wily cancer-causing mutation, called K-Ras G12D, that is responsible for nearly half of all pancreatic cancer cases and appears in some forms of lung, breast and colon cancer. […] We need drugs that work on the tumor cells only, without affecting healthy cells. […] This breakthrough is the first to target G12D and gives us a firm foothold to fight this devastating mutation. […] K-Ras mutations are extremely common in pancreatic cancer, explaining 90% of cases. […] An effective drug targeting K-RAS G12D could be transformative for patients with pancreatic cancer.

• #85 Could a Georgetown Lab Finding Lead to New Treatment in Pancreatic Cancer?

  https://lombardi.georgetown.edu/lombardi-stories/could-a-georgetown-lab-finding-lead-to-new-treatment-in-pancreatic-cancer/

  Now, for the first time, new research by Georgetown scientists shows potential to make immunotherapy effective in pancreatic cancer by combining it with a drug that makes cancer cells more responsive to immunotherapy. […] The clinical study combines BXCL701 with pembrolizumab, an anti-PD1 immunotherapy drug that is already approved by the FDA to treat a variety of other cancers. Researchers are testing the combination in pancreatic cancer patients who have already received chemotherapy, Weiner explained. […] This treatment program has the potential to be a game-changer for patients with advanced pancreatic cancer. […] It’s exciting that we’re seeing some novel immunotherapy drugs. For the first time, there is some real hope on the horizon, Weinberg said.

• #86 Proton Therapy for Pancreatic Cancer Treatment

  https://www.floridaproton.org/cancers-treated/pancreatic-cancer

  For many patients, proton therapy for pancreatic cancer can be used after surgery to improve disease control, before surgery to shrink the pancreatic tumor leading to more effective surgery, or in lieu of surgery. In most cases, chemotherapy is also considered. […] Thanks to the highly precise nature of proton therapy for pancreatic cancer, however, the radiation dose is concentrated at the site of the pancreatic cancer, sparing other healthy organs exposure to radiation, and decreasing the risk of side effects. […] And, since higher doses of radiation can be delivered to the pancreas with a lower risk of damage to other organs, the chance of destroying the pancreatic cancer is potentially greater. […] Physicians at the University of Florida Health Proton Therapy Institute are using proton therapy to treat both operable and inoperable pancreatic cancers in an effort to improve the cure rate for this difficult disease. They have already proven the advantages over conventional radiation therapy in terms of radiation dose distribution and demonstrated minimal side effects with proton therapy.

• #87 ‘Pushing the boundaries of radiation treatment’: Breakthrough in pancreatic cancer therapy advances to clinical trials | Rice News | News and Media Relations | Rice University

  https://news.rice.edu/news/2025/pushing-boundaries-radiation-treatment-breakthrough-pancreatic-cancer-therapy-advances

  In a pancreatic tumor model, the combination of amifostine and stereotactic body radiotherapy nearly tripled survival time in mice, which if translated to humans could be an enormous breakthrough, adding years of survival to patients. […] This targeted approach delivers the drug to the exact location where it shields healthy cells from radiation damage without causing systemic side effects. […] By safeguarding the duodenum, Xerient’s platform allows the safe delivery of high-dose radiation to pancreatic tumors, an option previously limited by the risk of gastrointestinal injury. […] High-dose radiation has shown promise in improving survival rates for patients with unresectable pancreatic cancer, according to multiple studies at leading institutions. […] This innovation could finally make that option a reality.

• #88 A Rare Story of Hope in Pancreatic Cancer Treatment | Columbia University Irving Medical Center

  https://www.cuimc.columbia.edu/news/rare-story-hope-pancreatic-cancer-treatment

  Jeff scheduled surgery at Columbia with John Chabot, MD, an expert in a complex gastrointestinal surgery known as the Whipple that is commonly used to treat pancreatic cancer. […] For the better part of 40 to 50 years, the only treatment for pancreatic cancer has been surgery and old-school chemo. Unfortunately, this disease has been recalcitrant when responding to new therapies. […] With pancreas cancer, the current treatment options are inadequate for most patients, regardless of the stage, Manji adds. Many have tumors that will return, and treatments are often palliative in nature. […] Based on his lab findings, Gulam Manji opened a clinical trial for pancreatic cancer patients to put the findings to the test. […] Manji launched a clinical trial to test the triple therapy, enrolling 11 patients with newly diagnosed pancreatic cancer.

• #89 A Rare Story of Hope in Pancreatic Cancer Treatment | Columbia University Irving Medical Center

  https://www.cuimc.columbia.edu/news/rare-story-hope-pancreatic-cancer-treatment

  Jeff’s tumor started shrinking within eight weeks of starting the therapy. A year later, the tumor had shrunk by 53%, with no new growths elsewhere. […] Importantly, he feels great and is grateful to Columbia. […] I’m living proof that immunotherapy treatment can work for pancreatic cancer, and I was really lucky to be at Columbia at the right time in the right place to find these amazing doctors who care about curing pancreatic cancer. […] The results were so promising that Manji launched a randomized trial of 108 patients with the University of California San Francisco, Medical College of Wisconsin, Brown University, and Northwell Hospital joining Columbia as participating sites. […] The center also contains 10 research laboratories, each with a unique identity, one team leader, and individuals at various levels. Each lab has a theme and is independent and is funded through grants and philanthropy.

• #90 Breakthroughs in Pancreatic Cancer Treatment

  https://www.uchealth.com/en/media-room/articles/breakthroughs-in-pancreatic-cancer-treatment

  In the landscape of pancreatic cancer treatment, personalized medicine is not a distant dreamit’s an actionable reality. […] As we move into more personalized care, adult patients with pancreatic cancer are experiencing the benefits of tailored treatments. […] The University of Cincinnati Cancer Center is pioneering new protocols that extend beyond mere monitoring. […] The use of targeted therapy is particularly relevant for solid tumors, such as those found in pancreatic adenocarcinoma. […] Clinical trials are the lifeblood of medical advancements, particularly in pancreatic cancer. […] The University of Cincinnati Cancer Center encourages patients to participate in clinical trials, offering access to cutting-edge treatments and the chance to contribute to the broader fight against this formidable disease. […] The journey toward overcoming pancreatic cancer is fraught with challenges. Still, the path is now illuminated by the promise of new treatments and the tenacity of the researchers and patients who are paving the way.

• #91 Treating Pancreatic Cancer | Pancreatic Cancer Treatment | American Cancer Society

  https://www.cancer.org/cancer/types/pancreatic-cancer/treating.html

  If you’ve been diagnosed with pancreatic cancer, your cancer care team will discuss your treatment options with you. It’s important to weigh the benefits of each treatment option against the possible risks and side effects. […] Depending on the type and stage of the cancer and other factors, treatment options for people with pancreatic cancer can include: Surgery for Pancreatic Cancer, Ablation or Embolization Treatments for Pancreatic Cancer, Radiation Therapy for Pancreatic Cancer, Chemotherapy for Pancreatic Cancer, Targeted Therapy for Pancreatic Cancer, Immunotherapy for Pancreatic Cancer, Pain Control for Pancreatic Cancer. […] Sometimes, the best option for treating pancreatic cancer might include more than one type of treatment. […] Its important to discuss all of your treatment options, including their goals and possible side effects, with your doctors to help make the decision that best fits your needs.

• #92 Treatments | Stanford Health Care

  https://stanfordhealthcare.org/medical-conditions/cancer/pancreatic-cancer/treatments.html

  At Stanford Health Care, our team takes the time to explain your treatment options and answer any questions you may have. We work closely with you to determine the most appropriate treatment plan based on: […] Your age, overall health, and medical history […] Type and stage of cancer […] Size and location of the tumor, and whether it has spread […] Your tolerance of specific medicines, procedures, or therapies […] Expectations for the course of the disease […] Your opinion or preference […] […] […] About 20% of people with pancreatic cancer are eligible for surgery to treat the disease. Your care team will explain the options available to you. Depending on several factors, you may need a procedure to remove all or part of the pancreas. Your doctor may recommend removing other organs as well.

• #93 Pancreatic Cancer Treatment Types – Pancreatic Cancer Action Network

  https://pancan.org/facing-pancreatic-cancer/treatment/treatment-types/

  Doctor and patient discuss types of treatment for pancreatic cancer. […] Standard treatments for pancreatic cancer are surgery, chemotherapy, radiation or a mix of these. […] For eligible patients, surgery is the best option for long-term survival of pancreatic cancer. […] Chemotherapy uses drugs to kill cancer cells by stopping them from growing and dividing. […] Radiation therapy uses energy in the form of particle or electromagnetic waves. […] Clinical trials are research studies that look at new treatments. […] Immunotherapy is a treatment that helps your immune system attack cancer cells. […] Targeted therapy uses drugs to attack unique aspects of cancer cells with little harm to healthy cells. […] The Pancreatic Cancer Action Network strongly recommends all pancreatic cancer patients get genetic testing for inherited mutations as soon as possible after diagnosis and biomarker testing of their tumor tissue to help determine the best treatment options.

• #94 Systemic Therapy for Metastatic Pancreatic Cancer

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8526424/

  Patients with mPDAC should undergo testing for a germline BRCA1/2 mutation early after diagnosis since in these patients, a platinum-based treatment appears highly efficacious. […] Immune checkpoint inhibitors like PD1/PD-L1 mAbs are particularly efficacious in tumors with a deficient mismatch repair system (dMMR) or high microsatellite instability (MSI-H).

• #95 Pancreatic Cancer Treatment Types – Pancreatic Cancer Action Network

  https://pancan.org/facing-pancreatic-cancer/treatment/treatment-types/

  Doctor and patient discuss types of treatment for pancreatic cancer. […] Standard treatments for pancreatic cancer are surgery, chemotherapy, radiation or a mix of these. […] For eligible patients, surgery is the best option for long-term survival of pancreatic cancer. […] Chemotherapy uses drugs to kill cancer cells by stopping them from growing and dividing. […] Radiation therapy uses energy in the form of particle or electromagnetic waves. […] Clinical trials are research studies that look at new treatments. […] Immunotherapy is a treatment that helps your immune system attack cancer cells. […] Targeted therapy uses drugs to attack unique aspects of cancer cells with little harm to healthy cells. […] The Pancreatic Cancer Action Network strongly recommends all pancreatic cancer patients get genetic testing for inherited mutations as soon as possible after diagnosis and biomarker testing of their tumor tissue to help determine the best treatment options.

• #96 Treatment options for pancreatic cancer | Cancer Research UK

  https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/about-cancer/pancreatic-cancer/treatment/treatment-decisions

  Exocrine pancreatic cancer is the most common type. The main treatments for this type include: chemotherapy, radiotherapy, surgery, treatments to control symptoms. Some people may have a targeted cancer drug or immunotherapy. You may have treatment as part of a clinical trial. The treatment you have depends on: where your cancer is, whether it has spread (the stage), the type of pancreatic cancer, if they can remove the cancer, your general health and level of fitness. Most pancreatic cancers are diagnosed when they are too advanced for surgery to be an option. A locally advanced pancreatic cancer is when the cancer has not spread to distant parts of the body. Metastatic pancreatic cancer is when the cancer has spread to another part of the body, such as the liver or lungs. This page is an overview of treatment for exocrine pancreatic cancers. A team of healthcare professionals discuss the best way to treat your cancer. They are called the multidisciplinary team (MDT). The team usually includes: a specialist surgeon, cancer specialists (oncologists) who treat cancer with drugs (medical oncologist) and radiotherapy (clinical oncologist), a specialist cancer nurse, a gastroenterologist, a radiologist, a pathologist, a dietitian, a palliative care doctor. To decide about treatment, your team first looks at your test and scan results to see if they can remove the cancer. Your cancer may be: Resectable, which means they can remove it with surgery. Borderline resectable, which means the cancer may be involving a main blood vessel. Unresectable, which means that surgery to remove the cancer is not possible. This means that the cancer is only in the pancreas. Generally, doctors consider stage 1 and 2 pancreatic cancers for surgery. The surgeon needs to be able to remove the cancer along with an area of tissue around it that doesn’t contain any cancer cells. If your pancreatic cancer has been removed successfully, then you may have chemotherapy. This is to lower the chances of the cancer coming back. This is called adjuvant chemotherapy. It should start within 3 months of your surgery. This means that the cancer is in the pancreas and has started to involve the nearby blood vessels. You might have chemotherapy first to try to reduce the size of the cancer and make an operation more successful. This is called neo adjuvant chemotherapy. An unresectable pancreatic cancer means it is not possible to remove the cancer completely with surgery. Most people with locally advanced pancreatic cancer will have chemotherapy to try to control the cancer for as long as possible. After 6 months of chemotherapy, if the scans show you can’t have surgery you may have radiotherapy. You usually have chemotherapy for pancreatic cancer that has spread to other parts of the body. Doctors looking after people with pancreatic cancer are learning more about it. A small number of people whose cancers have certain gene changes may have a targeted cancer drug or an immunotherapy drug. You may have treatment for metastatic pancreatic cancer as part of a clinical trial. Health problems might mean you can’t have some treatments including surgery. Before you have surgery you have tests to check how fit you are including heart and lung tests. Your doctor might offer you a choice of treatments. Discuss each treatment with them and ask how they can control any side effects. Some people might want to get a second opinion before starting treatment.

• #97 Pancreatic Cancer Treatment & Management: Approach Considerations, Neoadjuvant Therapy, Pancreaticoduodenectomy (Whipple Procedure)

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/280605-treatment

  Patients not undergoing resection for pancreatic cancer should have therapy focused on palliating their major symptoms. Pain relief is crucial in these patients. […] As with most patients with advanced cancer, patients with pancreatic carcinoma are often anorexic. […] The management of pancreatic carcinoma is a multidisciplinary process. Typically, the management of pancreatic cancer entails consultations with a gastroenterologist, medical oncologist, general surgeon or surgical oncologist, and, possibly, a radiation oncologist.

• #98 Treatment options for pancreatic cancer | Cancer Research UK

  https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/about-cancer/pancreatic-cancer/treatment/treatment-decisions

  Exocrine pancreatic cancer is the most common type. The main treatments for this type include: chemotherapy, radiotherapy, surgery, treatments to control symptoms. Some people may have a targeted cancer drug or immunotherapy. You may have treatment as part of a clinical trial. The treatment you have depends on: where your cancer is, whether it has spread (the stage), the type of pancreatic cancer, if they can remove the cancer, your general health and level of fitness. Most pancreatic cancers are diagnosed when they are too advanced for surgery to be an option. A locally advanced pancreatic cancer is when the cancer has not spread to distant parts of the body. Metastatic pancreatic cancer is when the cancer has spread to another part of the body, such as the liver or lungs. This page is an overview of treatment for exocrine pancreatic cancers. A team of healthcare professionals discuss the best way to treat your cancer. They are called the multidisciplinary team (MDT). The team usually includes: a specialist surgeon, cancer specialists (oncologists) who treat cancer with drugs (medical oncologist) and radiotherapy (clinical oncologist), a specialist cancer nurse, a gastroenterologist, a radiologist, a pathologist, a dietitian, a palliative care doctor. To decide about treatment, your team first looks at your test and scan results to see if they can remove the cancer. Your cancer may be: Resectable, which means they can remove it with surgery. Borderline resectable, which means the cancer may be involving a main blood vessel. Unresectable, which means that surgery to remove the cancer is not possible. This means that the cancer is only in the pancreas. Generally, doctors consider stage 1 and 2 pancreatic cancers for surgery. The surgeon needs to be able to remove the cancer along with an area of tissue around it that doesn’t contain any cancer cells. If your pancreatic cancer has been removed successfully, then you may have chemotherapy. This is to lower the chances of the cancer coming back. This is called adjuvant chemotherapy. It should start within 3 months of your surgery. This means that the cancer is in the pancreas and has started to involve the nearby blood vessels. You might have chemotherapy first to try to reduce the size of the cancer and make an operation more successful. This is called neo adjuvant chemotherapy. An unresectable pancreatic cancer means it is not possible to remove the cancer completely with surgery. Most people with locally advanced pancreatic cancer will have chemotherapy to try to control the cancer for as long as possible. After 6 months of chemotherapy, if the scans show you can’t have surgery you may have radiotherapy. You usually have chemotherapy for pancreatic cancer that has spread to other parts of the body. Doctors looking after people with pancreatic cancer are learning more about it. A small number of people whose cancers have certain gene changes may have a targeted cancer drug or an immunotherapy drug. You may have treatment for metastatic pancreatic cancer as part of a clinical trial. Health problems might mean you can’t have some treatments including surgery. Before you have surgery you have tests to check how fit you are including heart and lung tests. Your doctor might offer you a choice of treatments. Discuss each treatment with them and ask how they can control any side effects. Some people might want to get a second opinion before starting treatment.

• #99 Pancreatic cancer treatment | HonorHealth

  https://www.honorhealth.com/medical-services/cancer-care/cancer-types/pancreatic-cancer-treatment

  Many targeted therapy and immunotherapies are being tested in clinical trials at the HonorHealth Research Institute and elsewhere. […] You and your family will be surrounded by a caring, compassionate team, which could include: A medical oncologist, a specialist who uses chemotherapy and other medications to treat cancer; A radiation oncologist, a specialist who uses radiation to treat cancer; Researchers at the HonorHealth Research Institute; A surgeon; An endocrinologist, a specialist who treats disease in glands, like the pancreas, that secrete hormones; A cancer care nurse navigator who will guide you throughout your treatment, helping you navigate more easily through unfamiliar medical territory. […] An HonorHealth support services team of navigators, social workers, exercise physiologists, nutritionists and librarians, as well as support groups and classes for patients and caregivers, can help you as you move from diagnosis into treatment and post-treatment activities.

• #100 Pancreatic Cancer Treatment – NCI

  https://www.cancer.gov/types/pancreatic/patient/pancreatic-treatment-pdq

  Pancreatic cancer is a type of cancer that forms in the tissues of the pancreas. […] Pancreatic cancer can occur in exocrine pancreas cells, which produce digestive juices, or the endocrine pancreas cells, which produce hormones. About 95% of pancreatic cancers begin in exocrine cells. […] Pancreatic cancer is difficult to diagnose early. […] Tests that examine the pancreas are used to diagnose and stage pancreatic cancer. […] Certain factors affect prognosis (chance of recovery) and treatment options. […] Pancreatic cancer can be controlled only if it is found before it has spread, when it can be completely removed by surgery. If the cancer has spread, palliative treatment can improve the patient’s quality of life by controlling the symptoms and complications of this disease. […] Treatment of resectable or borderline resectable pancreatic cancer may include: chemotherapy with or without radiation therapy, followed by surgery; surgery; surgery, followed by chemotherapy; surgery, followed by chemoradiation; a clinical trial of chemotherapy and/or radiation therapy before surgery; a clinical trial of chemoradiation, followed by surgery and then chemotherapy; a clinical trial of different ways of giving radiation therapy.

• #101 Treating Pancreatic Cancer | Pancreatic Cancer Treatment | American Cancer Society

  https://www.cancer.org/cancer/types/pancreatic-cancer/treating.html

  If you’ve been diagnosed with pancreatic cancer, your cancer care team will discuss your treatment options with you. It’s important to weigh the benefits of each treatment option against the possible risks and side effects. […] Depending on the type and stage of the cancer and other factors, treatment options for people with pancreatic cancer can include: Surgery for Pancreatic Cancer, Ablation or Embolization Treatments for Pancreatic Cancer, Radiation Therapy for Pancreatic Cancer, Chemotherapy for Pancreatic Cancer, Targeted Therapy for Pancreatic Cancer, Immunotherapy for Pancreatic Cancer, Pain Control for Pancreatic Cancer. […] Sometimes, the best option for treating pancreatic cancer might include more than one type of treatment. […] Its important to discuss all of your treatment options, including their goals and possible side effects, with your doctors to help make the decision that best fits your needs.

• #102 Pancreatic Cancer Treatment Types – Pancreatic Cancer Action Network

  https://pancan.org/facing-pancreatic-cancer/treatment/treatment-types/

  Doctor and patient discuss types of treatment for pancreatic cancer. […] Standard treatments for pancreatic cancer are surgery, chemotherapy, radiation or a mix of these. […] For eligible patients, surgery is the best option for long-term survival of pancreatic cancer. […] Chemotherapy uses drugs to kill cancer cells by stopping them from growing and dividing. […] Radiation therapy uses energy in the form of particle or electromagnetic waves. […] Clinical trials are research studies that look at new treatments. […] Immunotherapy is a treatment that helps your immune system attack cancer cells. […] Targeted therapy uses drugs to attack unique aspects of cancer cells with little harm to healthy cells. […] The Pancreatic Cancer Action Network strongly recommends all pancreatic cancer patients get genetic testing for inherited mutations as soon as possible after diagnosis and biomarker testing of their tumor tissue to help determine the best treatment options.

• #103 Current and Emerging Treatment Options for Pancreatic Cancer: A Comprehensive Review

  https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0383/14/4/1129

  The current landscape of pancreatic therapies is ever-changing, and future/emerging therapies have gained momentum over the past several years. […] Recent years have seen the approval of many targeted cancer therapies that can be used in any metastatic cancer with certain mutations for which first-line therapies have been exhausted. […] In summary, pancreatic cancer is an aggressive disease with grim survival outcomes. Advanced disease with metastasis at the time of presentation leaves few therapeutic choices. Specific new treatment options have become available with modest overall benefits. However, outcomes have continued to improve with surgical advancements and neoadjuvant therapy.

• #104 New pancreatic cancer research may improve detection and treatment | NIH MedlinePlus Magazine

  https://magazine.medlineplus.gov/article/new-pancreatic-cancer-research-may-improve-detection-and-treatment

  NIH-funded researchers are trying to make chemotherapy more effective for pancreatic cancer. […] But research funded by the National Cancer Institute (NCI) at the National Institutes of Health (NIH) may improve detection and treatment. […] Researchers are trying to better screen patients for pancreatic cancer with a new blood test. […] Chemotherapy is a common treatment for early-stage pancreatic cancer, but it can cause serious side effects. In 2023, researchers found a promising new class of drugs, called KRAS inhibitors, that shrank pancreatic tumors caused by a gene mutation or stopped their growth entirely. […] Researchers now believe that giving chemotherapy and KRAS inhibitors together may be more effective. […] This method could allow doctors to give patients lower doses of chemotherapy.

Zobacz więcej