Materiały źródłowe

• #1 Compulsive gambling – Symptoms & causes – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/compulsive-gambling/symptoms-causes/syc-20355178

  Compulsive gambling, also called gambling disorder, is the uncontrollable urge to keep gambling despite the toll it takes on your life. […] Exactly what causes someone to gamble compulsively isn’t well understood. Like many problems, compulsive gambling may result from a combination of biological, genetic and environmental factors. […] People who gamble compulsively often have substance misuse problems, personality disorders, depression or anxiety. Compulsive gambling may also be associated with bipolar disorder, obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) or attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).

• #2 Gambling Disorder (Gambling Addiction): What It Is & Symptoms

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/17881-gambling-disorder-gambling-addiction

  Gambling disorder (gambling addiction) is a mental health condition characterized by recurrent, maladaptive gambling behavior that causes you clinical stress. It causes major problems with your relationships, work or school, and/or finances. […] The American Psychiatric Associations Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5) considers gambling disorder as a behavioral addiction. In fact, its currently the only behavioral addiction the DSM-5 recognizes. In certain ways, gambling disorder resembles substance use disorder. They both change your brain chemistry and can have features of withdrawal and tolerance. […] Theres no single cause of gambling disorder or other addictions its a very complex condition. Some of the factors that contribute to gambling disorder include: Changes in brain chemistry, Genetics, Personality traits and coexisting mental health conditions.

• #3 Psychiatry.org – What is Gambling Disorder?

  https://www.psychiatry.org/patients-families/gambling-disorder/what-is-gambling-disorder

  Gambling disorder is identified by a pattern of repeated and ongoing betting and wagering that continues despite creating multiple problems in several areas of an individuals life. […] Younger age and male gender may be risk factors but symptoms for gambling disorder could begin at any age. Men are more likely to start gambling at a younger age compared to women but women can progress to problem gambling much faster. Trauma and social inequality, particularly in women, may also be risk factors. Low income, unemployment, and poverty are also linked to Gambling disorder. […] The increase in the number of people with gambling problems has shown to be linked to the increase in the availability of gambling opportunities. […] Note: In the DSM-5, gambling disorder has been placed in a new category on behavioral addictions. This reflects research findings showing that gambling disorder is similar to substance-related disorders in clinical expression, brain origin, comorbidity, physiology and treatment.

• #4 Compulsive gambling

  https://johnsonmemorial.org/jmh-health/disease-conditions/con-20228102

  Compulsive gambling, also called gambling disorder, is the uncontrollable urge to keep gambling despite the toll it takes on your life. […] Gambling can stimulate the brain’s reward system much like drugs or alcohol can, leading to addiction. […] Exactly what causes someone to gamble compulsively isn’t well understood. Like many problems, compulsive gambling may result from a combination of biological, genetic and environmental factors. […] People who gamble compulsively often have substance misuse problems, personality disorders, depression or anxiety. Compulsive gambling may also be associated with bipolar disorder, obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) or attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). […] Compulsive gambling is more common in younger and middle-aged people. Gambling during childhood or the teenage years increases the risk of developing compulsive gambling.

• #5 Gambling Addiction Causes – What Causes Gambling Disorder?

  https://www.addictionhelp.com/gambling/causes/

  Gambling addiction or gambling disorder is perhaps the most well-known behavioral addiction. Although the exact causes of gambling addiction aren’t fully known, research has identified certain risk factors that may contribute to developing this addictive disorder. […] Gambling addiction, also known as gambling disorder or pathological gambling, is believed to be caused by a mixture of genetics, existing medical issues, and environmental factors like influence from family or friends. […] A mixture of genetic and environmental factors causes gambling addiction. People with a history of addiction in their family or who were exposed to gambling by a friend or family member are at an elevated risk of developing a gambling disorder. […] Aside from these factors, the brain’s reward system and the release of dopamine are responsible for the chemical side of gambling addiction. Each time you gamble activates the reward system and triggers the pleasurable feelings from dopamine. Over time, you can become dependent on this feeling and crave it. […] Individuals with a family history of addiction or raised in an environment where gambling was encouraged are at elevated risk of developing a gambling addiction. In addition, other factors like age, gender, mental health problems, and certain personality traits can also increase your risk.

• #6 Gambling Disorder (Gambling Addiction): What It Is & Symptoms

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/17881-gambling-disorder-gambling-addiction

  Gambling affects the reward center of your brain. […] Gambling disorder tends to run in families, which suggests a genetic link. Studies on identical twins also show that genetic factors may contribute more to the risk of developing gambling disorder than environmental factors (like adverse childhood experiences). […] Several studies show that people with gambling disorder are more likely to have extremes of the following personality traits or behaviors: Impulsivity, Sensation-seeking, Compulsivity, Difficulties with decision-making and planning, Rapid shifts in mood (affective instability). […] Some people may have these conditions before they develop gambling disorder, while others may later develop them.

• #7 Risk Factors for Gambling Disorder: A Systematic Review

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9994414/

  Regarding family background, some studies have found close relatives with gambling problems, especially parents, to be risk factors for gambling disorder. […] The risk of developing pathological gambling was higher for men with less education and less adaptive psychorelational skills. […] The analysis of gambling characteristics identified three distinct clinical traits of the gamblers: early and short-term onset (EOSC), early and long-term onset (EOLC), and late and short-term onset (LOSC). […] Pathological gambling increases with the frequency and the diversity of the games. […] The main proximal predictors for high-risk gambling in electronic gaming machines (EGM) are higher desires, higher levels of misperceptions, higher session spend, longer sessions, separate EGM games, and EGM games in more locations. […] Studies have shown a comorbidity of gambling problems with higher levels of stress, higher levels of impulsivity, cognitive distortions, and various pathologies, namely, anxiety, schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, depression, alexithymia, mood disorders, and substance use disorders.

• #8 Is Gambling Hereditary? | Gateway Foundation Addiction Rehab

  https://www.gatewayfoundation.org/blog/is-gambling-hereditary/

  A separate study backed up these findings by declaring that people affected by pathological gambling are eight times as likely to inherit the addiction from a member of their family. […] Despite these findings, it is essential to remember that addictions are complex disorders influenced by a range of genetic and environmental factors. If someone does have a genetic predisposition to develop a gambling addiction, it is unlikely genetics will be the sole cause of the addiction and environmental factors are also likely to have an impact.

• #9 Gambling Disorder > Fact Sheets > Yale Medicine

  https://www.yalemedicine.org/conditions/gambling-disorder

  Excessive gambling can drain finances, ruin personal and professional relationships, and harm the gamblers mental health. Gambling disorder affects about 1% of Americans who cant stop, despite the consequences. […] Yale research is working to understand the connection between genetics and gambling disorders. Its estimated that a gambling disorders development is 50 percent due to genetic factors and 50 percent due to environmental factors. […] A 2008 study showed that people with psychiatric disorders are 17 times more likely to develop gambling problems. […] Many people may take gambling lightly, not realizing that it may be addictive and harmful in many of the same ways as drugs are. […] The Yale Center has also investigated gender-related differences in gambling behaviors and disorders.

• #10 Is Gambling Hereditary? | Gateway Foundation Addiction Rehab

  https://www.gatewayfoundation.org/blog/is-gambling-hereditary/

  Gambling is a growing national public health problem. In fact, the rate of pathological gambling among American adults has doubled since 1995, with gambling addiction affecting up to 11% of the population. This sudden spike in gambling addiction has led many to question whether a gambling problem could be hereditary. […] Considering how genetics can make some individuals predisposed to developing an addiction, it makes sense to question whether compulsive gambling could be hereditary. With recent medical research looking more into the genetic influence on addiction, one study analyzes how specific genes can affect how likely an individual is to develop a gambling disorder. […] By looking into the molecular genetics of gambling addiction, the study identified specific forms of genes known as allele variants that directly correspond with the chemical messengers associated with pathological gambling. The link between these chemical messengers and pathological gambling suggests that certain people may be more genetically inclined to become addicted to gambling due to the way their brains interact with the happy hormones and positive feelings that gambling can often produce.

• #11 Is Gambling Hereditary? | Gateway Foundation Addiction Rehab

  https://www.gatewayfoundation.org/blog/is-gambling-hereditary/

  People who have these allele variants associated with pathological gambling can pass them down from generation to generation like any other gene. Based on this information, gambling is heredity. These findings may help explain why those who have a problem with gambling tend to have family members with a similar problem with gambling. Further research may help people overcome this genetic predisposition. […] The study found that specific allele variants related to dopamine and serotonin transporter genes are common among pathological gamblers. In particular, associations were reported between pathological gamblers and the allele variants at dopamine and serotonin receptor genes, along with the monoamine-oxidase A gene. […] The way these allele variants correspond with the brains neurotransmitter systems makes certain people more predisposed to dependence on the positive feelings generated by gambling. The study found that biological factors like dopamine and serotonin dysfunctions contribute to the development of a gambling problem.

• #12 Gambling Addiction Help, Facts, Statistics, Symptoms & Treatment

  https://www.medicinenet.com/gambling_addiction/article.htm

  Much more commonly, gambling addiction, like most other emotional conditions, is understood to be the result of a combination of biological vulnerabilities, ways of thinking, and social stressors (biopsychosocial model). There are, however, elements that increase the likelihood that the individual will develop a gambling addiction. Risk factors for developing pathological gambling include schizophrenia, mood problems, antisocial personality disorder, and alcohol or cocaine addiction. Individuals who have a low level of serotonin in the brain are also thought to be at higher risk for developing pathological gambling compared to others. […] Research also shows that individuals who have money problems, win a large amount of money early into gambling, suffer a recent loss (like divorce, job loss), or are lonely increases the risk of developing compulsive gambling.

• #13 What Causes Gambling Addiction? – Encore Outpatient Services

  https://encorerecovery.com/what-causes-gambling-addiction/

  Individuals with certain personality traits, such as impulsivity, sensation-seeking, and low self-control, are more likely to engage in gambling activities and develop addictive behaviors. […] Individuals with gambling disorder often exhibit cognitive distortions, such as the illusion of control (believing they can influence the outcome of random events) and the gamblers fallacy (believing that past outcomes affect future probabilities). […] Individuals who have experienced trauma or adverse life events may use gambling as a way to cope with unresolved emotional pain. […] Gambling activates the brains reward system, releasing dopamine, a neurotransmitter associated with pleasure and reward. […] Individuals with gambling addiction often have differences in dopamine regulation. […] Excessive gambling can desensitize the brains reward system, making it harder for individuals to experience pleasure from everyday activities.

• #14 Gambling addiction — symptoms, information and support | healthdirect

  https://www.healthdirect.gov.au/gambling-addiction

  Gambling is a form of addiction. People with a gambling problem can have similar chemical changes in their brains to those seen in people addicted to alcohol or drugs. Gambling activates the brain’s reward system. It triggers the release of certain chemicals that increase happy feelings, such as dopamine. […] Psychological therapy, such as cognitive behaviour therapy (CBT), may help overcome gambling addiction. Psychological therapies can also address underlying problems such as anxiety, depression or social isolation.

• #15 Gambling Addiction Causes: What Leads to Problem Gambling? – Birches Health

  https://bircheshealth.com/resources/gambling-causes

  According to a survey by the Council on Compulsive Gambling of New Jersey (CCGNJ), 43.3% of young adults were exposed to gambling between the ages of 11-16. College students were also more likely to gamble than the rest of the general population. This study found that 96.9% were already gambling before they turned 23. […] Gambling releases dopamine to the brain, which triggers the brains reward system. This activity offers many opportunities like cash, entertainment, and social relationships. […] Most people can gamble and walk away when they lose. However, others continue to gamble to win back money. This can lead them to chasing losses. At this stage, they could develop a problem with gambling. […] According to research from Brain Connections, gambling can develop from an enjoyable activity into an addiction. When your brains reward system depends on those good feelings, it can be hard to break the gambling habit.

• #16 Pathological gambling: a gambling disorder – The Diamond Rehab Thailand

  https://diamondrehabthailand.com/what-is-pathological-gambling/

  Pathological gambling, also known as gambling disorder, is the compulsive need to continue gambling despite the problems it causes. […] Causes of pathological gambling can be biological, psychological, environmental, or social. Risk factors that make a person more prone to gambling disorder include being a male, having a history of mental health disorders or substance abuse, and having a family history of gambling or socializing with people who do. […] The possible causes of pathological gambling aren’t entirely understood, but they could result from biological, genetic, and social or environmental causes. In some cases, a combination of different causes could explain why people gamble. […] Repeated exposure to gambling decreases the expression and sensitivity of dopamine receptors. That means a person needs to gamble more in order to achieve the same level of excitement and pleasure. Eventually, this leads to problem gambling and paves the way to gambling disorder.

• #17 What Causes Gambling Addiction? – Encore Outpatient Services

  https://encorerecovery.com/what-causes-gambling-addiction/

  The prefrontal cortex, responsible for decision-making and impulse control, often shows reduced activity in individuals with gambling addiction. […] Repeated gambling behavior can alter brain structure and function, reinforcing the addiction. […] Studies indicate that traumatic brain injury is an important risk factor for the development of gambling disorder. […] The ease of access to gambling venues, such as casinos, betting shops, and online gambling sites, can increase the likelihood of developing a gambling problem. […] Growing up or living in an environment where gambling is normalized or encouraged can increase the risk of developing a gambling addiction. […] Financial issues and economic hardship can drive individuals to gamble in hopes of winning money. […] Aggressive marketing and advertising by the gambling industry can glamorize gambling and make it seem attractive.

• #18 Problem gambling – Wikipedia

  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Problem_gambling

  Evidence indicates that pathological gambling is an addiction similar to chemical addiction. […] The findings in one review indicated that behavioral disorders such as problem gambling and substance use disorder are closely linked; sensitization theory indicates that these disorders are marked by a compulsive drive towards unhealthy behaviors and an inability to control against them. […] Some medical authors suggest that the biomedical model of problem gambling may be unhelpful because it focuses only on individuals. […] There have also been studies that showcase factors like gender and age can affect how a person is affected by gambling. […] Several psychological mechanisms are thought to be implicated in the development and maintenance of problem gambling. […] Pathological gambling is similar to many other impulse-control disorders such as kleptomania.

• #19 Gambling Addiction and Problem Gambling – Signs, Treatment, and Causes

  https://startyourrecovery.org/experiences/problem-gambling

  Young men who are single and live alone or who have been married for less than five years are more likely to develop problem gambling. […] As many as 96% of people with gambling disorder meet the criteria for another psychiatric disorder, including mood, anxiety, and substance use disorders. […] A history of substance misuse increases your risk of developing gambling disorder.

• #20 Gambling Addiction Causes: What Leads to Problem Gambling? – Birches Health

  https://bircheshealth.com/resources/gambling-causes

  Those with a gambling addiction often have a co-occurring mental health problem, such as: Anxiety. Those who struggle with anxiety need immediate relief from their symptoms. It only provides temporary relief. The anxiety returns after they stop gambling. This is how a cycle of addiction can start. […] Depression. This occurs when someone feels empty or sad despite their life going well. Research shows that those who struggle with depression can use gambling as a maladaptive coping strategy to escape those painful feelings. Research has shown that 70% of participants with mood disorders developed problematic gambling. […] Personality disorders. Just like with generalized anxiety, individuals with personality disorders may become addicted to gambling. Its generally related to those with antisocial personality disorder or borderline personality disorder. Thats because theyre impulsive and unable to decipher right from wrong.

• #21 What Causes Gambling Addiction? – Encore Outpatient Services

  https://encorerecovery.com/what-causes-gambling-addiction/

  Young people may not fully understand the risks and potential consequences of gambling. […] The presence of co-occurring disorders can increase the risk of relapse if both conditions are not adequately treated. […] Gambling problems are often associated with substance use disorders, such as alcohol, drugs, or nicotine use, in both adults and adolescents. […] Gambling problems are linked to higher rates of depression, anxiety, and other mood disorders. […] Individuals with gambling problems have significantly higher rates of suicidal ideation and attempts. […] Conditions like ADHD are more common among young people with gambling problems. […] Studies suggest that borderline personality disorder is particularly high in people with gambling disorder, especially among youth. […] Online gambling platforms and mobile apps have made gambling more accessible than ever before.

• #22 Gambling Addiction Causes: What Leads to Problem Gambling? – Birches Health

  https://bircheshealth.com/resources/gambling-causes

  Substance use disorder. This disease relates to an individuals inability to control their alcohol or drug use. People with a substance abuse disorder are more likely to develop a gambling addiction. […] Certain personality characteristics are more likely to have a gambling problem. For example, someone with low self-directedness may have trouble accepting responsibility for their actions or their choices. […] For some, gambling is used as a method for relieving stress. Most people gamble to win, especially if they have financial problems. Gambling can be a response to other problems like chronic illness, relationship trouble, or traumatic events. […] Once someone relies on gambling to escape stress, it can be hard to break the habit. They might use it to escape their daily problem. They might even increase their gambling habits during prolonged periods of stress.

• #23 Problem gambling – Wikipedia

  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Problem_gambling

  There is a partial overlap in diagnostic criteria between problem gambling and substance use disorders; pathological gamblers are also likely to have a substance use disorder. […] Some researchers propose that human gambling behaviour reflects evolved tendencies toward risk-taking that historically conferred adaptive benefits.

• #24 Understanding Gambling Addiction: Causes, Warning Signs, and Treatment Programs | VictoryBay

  https://victory-bay.com/blog/understanding-gambling-addiction-causes-warning-signs-and-treatment-programs/

  Mental health issues: People who develop a gambling addiction may already have mental health issues that put them at a higher risk of this issue. They may have personality disorders, a history of substance abuse, depression, or anxiety. Compulsive gambling may also be associated with conditions like ADHD, OCD, and bipolar disorder. […] Sex: Although not directly the cause, sex can have a role in compulsive gambling as it is more common in men than women. […] Age: Those who are younger or middle-aged may be at a higher risk of developing a gambling addiction, especially if they begin gambling early in childhood. […] External influence: Those who have friends or family who gamble may also be at a higher risk of developing a gambling problem. This may also tie into those who have more access to gambling establishments, such as those living in the vicinity of one. […] Personality characteristics: Certain personalities are at a higher risk of certain mental health issues and addictions, including gambling addiction. This can be associated with people who are highly competitive, impulsive, easily bored, or a workaholic.

• #25 Problem gambling – Wikipedia

  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Problem_gambling

  Problem gambling, ludopathy, or ludomania is repetitive gambling behavior despite harm and negative consequences. Problem gambling may be diagnosed as a mental disorder according to DSM-5 if certain diagnostic criteria are met. […] The DSM-5 has re-classified the condition as an addictive disorder, with those affected exhibiting many similarities to those with substance addictions. […] Pathological gambling is a common disorder associated with social and family costs. […] Mayo Clinic specialists and other studies state that compulsive gambling may result from biological, genetic, and environmental factors such as: mental health disorders (the presence of substance use disorders, personality disorders, emotional states), age and sex (usually found in youth or middle-aged people, and more common to men than women), impact of family or friends, personality traits, video games (including any factors that resemble gambling such as slot machines or loot boxes), drugs with rare side-effects (for example, antipsychotic medications or dopamine agonists).

• #26 Kindbridge Behavioral Health – What Causes Compulsive Gambling?

  https://kindbridge.com/gambling/what-causes-compulsive-gambling/

  People can become compulsive gamblers at any age but research shows that the mean age is around 36. Gambling during a persons formative years increases the risk of developing compulsive gambling. […] Compulsive gambling is more prevalent in men than women: 4.2% of men compared to 2.9% of women. Females typically start gambling later in life and may become addicted more quickly. […] Certain medications that are used to treat Parkinsons disease and restless leg syndrome have been linked to a higher risk of compulsive gambling. […] There are several personality traits that can make someone more disposed to becoming a compulsive gambler. These include being: Impulsive, Highly competitive, A workaholic, Restless or easily bored, Narcissistic. […] Research shows that US military veterans are more vulnerable to compulsive gambling than the general population.

• #27 Pathological gambling: a gambling disorder – The Diamond Rehab Thailand

  https://diamondrehabthailand.com/what-is-pathological-gambling/

  Sometimes there is no specific cause of pathological gambling, but in some cases, there is. For example, people who are taking medications that treat restless leg syndrome and Parkinson’s disease can develop impulse control disorders, including signs of gambling addiction. […] A lot more research is necessary to learn why gambling is so addictive.

• #28 Aripiprazole (Abilify and generic brands): risk of pathological gambling – GOV.UK

  https://www.gov.uk/drug-safety-update/aripiprazole-abilify-and-generic-brands-risk-of-pathological-gambling

  Healthcare professionals prescribing aripiprazole are reminded to be alert to the risk of addictive gambling and other impulse control disorders. […] There has been an increase in the number of Yellow Card reports of gambling disorder and pathological gambling associated with aripiprazole use; concerns have also been raised about a lack of awareness of this issue. […] The UK reports occurred in patients with and without a prior history of gambling disorder and the majority were reported to resolve upon reduction of dose or stopping treatment with aripiprazole. […] The MHRA has received reports from stakeholders raising concerns about a lack of awareness of the association between aripiprazole and the development or worsening of addictive gambling behaviours. […] Since the beginning of 2023, there has been an increased number of Yellow Card reports for aripiprazole which include gambling, gambling disorder or obsessive-compulsive disorder.

• #29 Development of Pathological Gambling

  http://www.personalityresearch.org/papers/sinha.html

  Pathological gamblers may have a predisposition to developing a gambling problem due to family history and genetics. The personality trait of impulsivity plays a major role in the development of pathological gambling and is one of the key components in other impulse related disorders such as substance abuse disorder. Environmental stressors and other factors such as socioeconomic status also play a role in problem gambling situations. […] Gambling problems and the habits underlying pathological gambling can be attributed to some aspects of an individual’s personality and to outside factors such as current environment. Many different factors may contribute to the development of a gambling problem that can interfere with a person’s life or, in more severe cases of pathological gambling, consume a very significant portion of an individual’s time and end up as a detriment to the individual in most cases. Some factors that contribute to gambling problems include impulsivity, coping ability, and susceptibility to depression. A person’s proneness to substance abuse may also lead to a gambling problem. Substance abuse disorders and pathological gambling are often comorbid conditions, although neither necessarily causes the other; both conditions share many similarities, and both have an underlying cause in lack of impulse control. In addition to personality influences, environmental factors such as stressors can affect the development of a gambling problem.

• #30 Development of Pathological Gambling

  http://www.personalityresearch.org/papers/sinha.html

  Although the major focus of this paper is on personality aspects that contribute to gambling problems, one cannot dismiss environmental factors, which in some cases may be more influential than one’s personality and other possible genetic influences. As there are many factors that contribute to one’s personality, there are also many factors that contribute to problems that stem from personality, like a pathological gambling problem. […] Impulsivity is a basic aspect of an individual’s personality, and levels of impulsivity may influence development of an impulse control disorder such as pathological gambling or a substance use disorder. Assuming one’s personality is generally stable over time, people may find it hard to control their gambling problems or other impulse-control related disorders, because personality is difficult to change. If there is an adequate level of impulse control, then an individual is not likely to develop a disorder such as pathological gambling.

• #31 Common Risk Factors for Gambling Addiction

  https://www.gatewayfoundation.org/blog/risk-factors-gambling-addiction/

  Gambling also stimulates the brain’s reward system, causing a dopamine release and making a person feel confident and happy. […] Individuals who take medications called dopamine agonists may experience the urge to gamble. […] Certain personality traits are associated with a higher risk of developing a gambling addiction, such as harm avoidance and low self-directedness. […] Several studies have shown that low self-esteem connects to addictive behaviors, including compulsive gambling and substance use. […] For many people, gambling is a way to relax and manage overwhelming stress. […] If a person wins big during their first experiences with gambling, they might expect to win again in the future. […] A person’s cultural background may influence their involvement with gambling and whether they develop an addiction.

• #32 MintDice Bitcoin Casino 2.0

  https://www.mintdice.com/blog/factors-that-influence-compulsive-gambling

  Another big factor in developing compulsive gambling issues is pressure from peers. If someone is close to someone who gambles, they are much more likely to develop a gambling addiction and thus could slide into trouble later down the line. […] Culture also can push someone into compulsive gambling tendencies. The way a person grows up will seriously influence how they consider gambling. […] A lack of self-esteem can seriously influence a person’s relationship with addictive items like gambling. If you have high self-esteem, you know what you need and can go elsewhere for assistance. If you have low self-esteem, you might turn to gambling to achieve happiness. […] Last on our list is stress. Individuals under extreme pressure are more likely to fall victim to compulsive gambling. […] Compulsive gambling is a serious issue that can dramatically impact an individual’s life for the worse. Many items can lead to an individual becoming a compulsive gambler, including things in and out of control. Common influences include lack of strong family connections, age, culture, medications, culture, and more.

• #33 Gambling and mental health | Mental Health Foundation

  https://www.mentalhealth.org.uk/explore-mental-health/a-z-topics/gambling-and-mental-health

  Problem gambling can affect your health and relationships and leave you in debt. It can also be called compulsive gambling or gambling addiction. […] Problem gambling is an addiction, and there is no single reason why addictions develop. Many different factors can increase your risk of developing a gambling problem, including: having a relative, especially a parent, with a gambling problem; being introduced to gambling at an early age; pressure from friends to gamble; your personality being competitive, impulsive, restless or easily bored can increase your risk of having a gambling problem; taking medication to treat Parkinson’s or restless leg syndrome. This can cause the rare side effect of compulsive behaviour, including compulsive gambling. […] Gambling can cause low self-esteem, stress, anxiety and depression if gambling becomes a problem. […] If you have a mental health problem, you’re more at risk of harmful gambling. For example, you may gamble to feel better about yourself when you’re depressed or distract yourself if you’re angry or upset.

• #34 Development of Pathological Gambling

  http://www.personalityresearch.org/papers/sinha.html

  For persons low on impulsivity, outside factors such as stress may be more likely to contribute to gambling problems. […] The gambler’s fallacy also contributes to the continuation of gambling and the development of a gambling problem such as pathological gambling. […] Many factors contribute to the development of gambling problems. Heredity, personality traits such as impulsivity, and family history all contribute to the development of gambling. Environmental and personal factors also contribute.

• #35 Compulsive Gambling and Anxiety – HelpGuide.org

  https://www.helpguide.org/mental-health/addiction/compulsive-gambling-and-anxiety

  Many gambling problems stem from anxiety, stress, or impulse-control issues. […] Gambling problems are related to other underlying issues such as anxiety, stress, and difficulties with impulse control or substance abuse. […] Many people gamble as a way of managing anxiety. As they gamble, people often report being separated from their anxious feelings or projecting their feelings of anxiety onto the excitement they feel when they partake in their gambling activity of choice. […] Thus, for many gamblers, reducing anxiety is a prerequisite to making any changes in gambling behavior. […] Distraction is better than deprivation. In other words, one of the best ways people can relieve anxiety and minimize urges to gamble is to do something else, an alternative activity that is positive and enjoyable. […] Finding a replacement activity may involve taking up old hobbies or finding new interests and activities. Over time, such new interests evolve into coping mechanisms that help people more effectively manage anxiety and gambling.

• #36 What Triggers Gambling Addiction? | Recovery Lighthouse

  https://www.recoverylighthouse.com/blog/understanding-addiction/what-triggers-gambling-addiction/

  Those who have either direct or indirect experience with problem gambling may be questioning what triggers gambling addiction? It is often difficult for those affected to comprehend why they have developed a problem while others have not. Unfortunately, there is no way to answer these questions with any degree of certainty. There is no single cause of addiction in every person, and what triggers gambling addiction in one individual may not trigger it in another. […] Just like every other type of addiction, there are certain risk factors for problem gambling. Below are a few examples: Family History of Addiction Having a family history of addiction, particularly gambling addiction, can increase the likelihood that you will be affected too. […] Early exposure to gambling is also known to be a risk factor. The younger you are when you start gambling, the more likely you are to have a problem.

• #37 Gambling Addiction Causes: What Leads to Problem Gambling? – Birches Health

  https://bircheshealth.com/resources/gambling-causes

  Certain cultures are more likely to gamble than others. A 2017 study found that Hispanic people are more likely to gamble than other ethnic groups. Members of the military and veterans are also at a higher risk of developing a gambling addiction. […] These days, young people are more likely to develop a gambling addiction. Thats due to the prevalence of online gambling and sports betting apps. […] Most adults can recreationally gamble without any problems. Still, they can be prone to addiction if they struggle with chronic health issues, financial problems, or social isolation. […] Gambling becomes a problem when youre unable to stop, and your life feels uncontrollable. […] Early exposure may also increase the likelihood of experiencing a gambling addiction. Up to 7% of kids develop a gambling addiction, compared to 1% of adults. It can start as early as 10 years old.

• #38 Breaking the Cycle of Gambling Addiction: Root Causes and Treatment Strategies

  https://www.algamus.org/blog/breaking-the-cycle-of-gambling-addiction-root-causes-and-treatment-strategies

  Drawing on my years of training and research, Ive observed how stress, anxiety, and depression play a major role in the development of gambling addiction. These psychological factors may contribute to a person turning to gambling as a way to cope with negative emotions or escape from reality. […] Early exposure to gambling and peer pressure are just some of the social and environmental factors that can contribute to gambling addiction. For instance, individuals who grow up in households where gambling is a regular activity may be more likely to develop an addiction themselves. Similarly, being around friends or family members who gamble frequently can create a sense of normalization around the behavior, making it more difficult to identify as problematic. Other environmental factors, such as access to online gambling platforms, can also increase the risk of developing a gambling addiction. Understanding these social and environmental influences is an important step in preventing and treating gambling addiction.

• #39 What Causes Gambling Addiction? – Encore Outpatient Services

  https://encorerecovery.com/what-causes-gambling-addiction/

  The anonymity provided by online gambling can lead to more secretive and compulsive gambling behaviors. […] Advanced technology has enhanced the user experience with high-quality graphics, interactive features, and instant play options. […] The use of data analytics allows gambling companies to target individuals with personalized advertisements and promotions. […] Online gambling is available around the clock, providing continuous opportunities to gamble. […] The use of virtual currency in online gambling can desensitize individuals to the value of real money, leading to higher spending and greater financial risk. […] Social media platforms often promote gambling through advertisements, influencer endorsements, and peer interactions. […] The rapid growth of online gambling presents challenges for regulation and enforcement.

• #40 Gambling Addiction Help, Facts, Statistics, Symptoms & Treatment

  https://www.medicinenet.com/gambling_addiction/article.htm

  Easy access to gambling (for example, living near towns with many gambling resources, such as Las Vegas or Atlantic City), belief that theyve discovered a system to winning at gambling and failing to keep track of money won and lost gambling are more risk factors for engaging in compulsive gambling. […] The availability of internet gambling may draw people who are already problem gamblers and allow them to do more damage in a shorter amount of time using multiple accounts on unregulated sites, according to a 2015 study in the journal Current Addiction Reports.

• #41 Risk Factors for Gambling Disorder: A Systematic Review

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9994414/

  Gambling disorder is a common and problematic behavioral disorder associated with depression, substance abuse, domestic violence, bankruptcy, and high suicide rates. […] A revised study acknowledges as risk factors for developing/maintaining a gambling disorder being a single young male, or married for less than 5 years, living alone, having a poor education, and struggling financially. […] Research also shows that people who gamble recreationally (or do not gamble at all) are less likely to develop more rigorous levels of gambling activity. Still, some at-risk individuals may experience stressors that push them toward a gambling addiction. […] Kessler et al. (2008) describe several risk factors for gambling disorder: male sex, low educational and socioeconomic levels, and unemployment.

• #42 Compulsive Gambling – UF Health

  https://ufhealth.org/conditions-and-treatments/compulsive-gambling

  Compulsive gambling most often begins in early adolescence in men, and between ages 20 and 40 in women. […] People with compulsive gambling have a hard time resisting or controlling the impulse to gamble. The brain is reacting to this impulse in the same manner it reacts to a person addicted to alcohol or drugs. […] In people who develop compulsive gambling, occasional gambling leads to a gambling habit. Stressful situations can worsen gambling problems.

• #43 What Causes Gambling Addiction? – Encore Outpatient Services

  https://encorerecovery.com/what-causes-gambling-addiction/

  Cultural norms and attitudes towards gambling can affect the likelihood of engaging in gambling activities. […] Early exposure to gambling and gambling-like activities is a significant risk factor for developing gambling addiction. […] Adolescents are at a crucial developmental stage where their brains are still maturing, particularly the prefrontal cortex, which is responsible for decision-making and impulse control. […] Young people who are exposed to gambling through family members or friends are more likely to engage in gambling activities themselves. […] The rise of online gambling and the proliferation of gambling advertisements make it easier for adolescents to access gambling platforms. […] Adolescents may turn to gambling as a way to cope with stress, anxiety, or social pressures.

• #44 Problem Gambling | CAMH

  https://www.camh.ca/en/health-info/mental-illness-and-addiction-index/problem-gambling

  Gambling problems occur along a continuum. These are not discrete categories but possible points along a range of involvement, from not gambling at all to pathological gambling. […] There are many reasons why a gambling problem may develop. For example, some people develop problems when they try to win back money they have lost or because they like to be in the action. Others have many life stresses and consider gambling a welcome relief. […] Various risk factors can contribute to the development of gambling problems or make it more difficult to stop. People are more at risk if they: have an early big win (leading to false expectation of future wins), have easy access to their preferred form of gambling, hold mistaken beliefs about the odds of winning, do not take steps to monitor gambling wins and losses, have had a recent loss or change, such as divorce, job loss, retirement or death of a loved one, often feel bored or lonely, or have a history of risk-taking or impulsive behaviour, have a history of mental health problems, particularly depression and anxiety, tie their self-esteem to gambling wins or losses. […] The more factors that apply, the more likely a person is to develop a gambling problem.

• #45 MintDice Bitcoin Casino 2.0

  https://www.mintdice.com/blog/factors-that-influence-compulsive-gambling

  Another item that can lead to compulsive gambling is struggles with mental health. If you have a mental health disorder, it could make you far more vulnerable to compulsive gambling. […] If you’re younger you’re more prone to compulsive gambling. In particular, according to Responsible Gambling, those between the ages of 18-24 are more likely to find themselves hooked on gambling. […] According to one study, men are far more likely to take risks than their female counterparts. When translating this fact over to compulsive gambling, men are more likely to gamble in the first place and thus are most likely to become hooked. […] Some medications can invoke compulsive gambling tendencies in those who are taking them. In particular, those who take dopamine agnostics could experience a sudden urge to gamble while taking them.

• #46 What Triggers Gambling Addiction? | Recovery Lighthouse

  https://www.recoverylighthouse.com/blog/understanding-addiction/what-triggers-gambling-addiction/

  Mental health problems could also lead to an increased risk of addiction in some people. […] Suffering traumatic experiences raises the risk for addiction, with those who have suffered more trauma being more likely to develop addiction. […] It is difficult to pinpoint exactly what triggers gambling addiction or to determine at which point a gambling habit becomes an addiction, but one thing is certain without treatment, it is a problem that will only get worse.

• #47 What Causes a Gambling Addiction? – Ray Lozano

  https://raylozano.com/what-causes-a-gambling-addiction/

  Drugs called dopamine agonists have a rare side effect that can affect the reward center in someones brain and may result in compulsive behaviors, including gambling. […] People who tend to be more competitive, impulsive, or restless can find it easier to let gambling become a problem in their lives. […] Studies have found that people, especially men, who suffer from a gambling addiction are more likely than their peers to have suffered trauma or abuse as a child.

• #48 Gambling addiction can cause psychological, physiological health challenges | UCLA Health

  https://www.uclahealth.org/news/article/gambling-addiction-can-cause-psychological-physiological-health-challenges

  Gambling addiction can cause psychological, physiological health challenges. However, along with its growing popularity, gambling also has led to significant financial loss and psychological and physical hardship. […] The health impact has been magnified during the pandemic, as more and more people have turned to gambling, experts say. […] There are multiple reasons for why someone might become addicted to gambling. It’s the same as what causes any other addiction. It’s a combination of biological risk factors, psychological risk factors and social risk factors, Dr. Fong said. […] Dr. Fong explained that people with gambling disorder psychologically view gambling as the answer to their problems. When they are at this point with their addiction, gambling is no longer seen as entertainment. They now view gambling as a means to cope with anxiety or stress, or as their primary source of income.

• #49 Gambling addiction can cause psychological, physiological health challenges | UCLA Health

  https://www.uclahealth.org/news/article/gambling-addiction-can-cause-psychological-physiological-health-challenges

  The pandemic could be one reason that gambling has increased recently. […] All forms of gambling are potentially addictive, Dr. Fong said. However, he said he notices a trend in California most people coming into treatment are reporting that slot machines are their preferred form of gambling. […] Technology has made gambling more accessible for compulsive gamblers, with people able to place wagers from their smartphones.

• #50 Research on the Origins of Pathological and Problem Gambling – Pathological Gambling – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK230625/

  Etiology is the study of causal pathways. Because of the complex analyses and study designs that must be used, this type of research represents the crown jewel of health research. The outcomes of such research often lead to successful treatments and preventive interventions. The process of discovering causal associations and pathways to understand how different factors, exposures, or disease-causing situations relate to each other usually involves multidisciplinary teams of psychiatrists, psychologists, statisticians, sociologists, economists, and epidemiologists. […] This chapter begins by describing considerations for undertaking or evaluating etiological research on pathological gambling, as well as the current state of knowledge regarding the causal pathways of pathological gambling. Risk factors for and correlates of pathological gambling, including psychosocial, environmental, genetic, and biological ones, are discussed and evaluated in terms of commonly accepted criteria for determining the strength of an association. Cooccurring disorders and their similar risk factors are also discussed. Throughout the chapter, substantial deficiencies in current research on pathological gambling are noted.

• #51

  https://continentalhospitals.com/diseases/gambling-addiction/

  Gambling addiction, also known as pathological gambling, compulsive gambling, or gambling disorder, is an impulse-control disorder where individuals have a compulsive urge to gamble despite harmful negative consequences or a desire to stop. Causes include a combination of biological vulnerabilities, ways of thinking, and social stressors. […] Gambling addiction arises from a complex interplay of various causes: Biological Causes: Neurochemical changes in the brain’s reward system are central to the development of gambling addiction. The release of dopamine during gambling activities can lead to the reinforcement of gambling behaviours, causing individuals to repeat these behaviours to experience pleasure or to alleviate stress. Genetic Predisposition: There is evidence to suggest that genetics may play a role in susceptibility to addiction, including gambling. Individuals with a family history of addiction may have an increased risk of developing gambling addiction. Psychological Causes: Certain personality traits, such as impulsivity, a desire for excitement, and low levels of serotonin, can predispose individuals to addictive behaviours. Furthermore, cognitive distortions, such as the illusion of control, the gamblers fallacy, and overconfidence in ones ability to win, can perpetuate gambling despite losses. Social and Environmental Causes: The social context can significantly influence gambling behaviour. Social factors such as peer pressure, social isolation, and cultural acceptance of gambling can encourage individuals to gamble. Environmental factors like the availability of gambling venues and targeted advertising can also play a significant role.

• #52

  https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s40429-025-00622-1

  To summarize longitudinal research findings on the trajectory, chronicity, and etiology of problem gambling. […] In terms of etiology, up to 20 variables additively contribute to the initial onset of problem gambling with different combinations of variables being present in different people. […] Problem gambling has a biopsychosocial etiology with a trajectory and chronicity very similar to substance use disorder.

• #53 Depression and Gambling Addiction

  https://www.algamus.org/blog/depression-and-gambling-addiction

  When a person first starts gambling, it can have a positive effect on mood. However, over time, gambling addiction causes gambling to become less pleasurable, and your natural mood set-point drops, which can increase feelings of depression. […] Additionally, the act of gambling itself can release chemicals in the brain that can create a sense of pleasure or excitement, and when this is not followed by a reward, it can lead to feelings of disappointment, sadness, and hopelessness. […] Due to the despair and hopelessness that it can cause, gambling addiction has the highest suicide rate among all addictions. […] In most cases, there are underlying mental health conditions, such as anxiety, depression, or bipolar disorder, which makes a person more likely to gamble. […] Therapy can help the individual identify and start working through the underlying issues that may be contributing to their gambling addiction. This may include addressing issues such as stress, anxiety, depression, or past trauma that they are trying to escape from. […] Like with any addiction, gambling addiction comes with a heavy societal stigma. Some people may view gambling as a personal weakness or a lack of self-control, and this stigma can make it difficult for people who are struggling with gambling to seek help.

• #54 Gambling Addiction: Symptoms, Causes & Therapy Wolverhampton

  https://www.tranceformpsychology.com/problems/addiction/gambling-addiction/causes-of-gambling-addiction.html

  The intermittent rewards associated with gambling, such as occasional wins or near misses, can reinforce the behaviour and make it more difficult to stop. […] Financial stressors, such as debt or financial instability, can exacerbate gambling problems or serve as a motivation for compulsive gambling in an attempt to win back lost money.

• #55 FSSA: DMHA: Problem Gambling

  https://www.in.gov/fssa/dmha/addiction-services/problem-gambling/

  Problem gambling is gambling behavior which causes disruptions in any major area of life: psychological, physical, social or vocational. The term „problem gambling” includes, but is not limited to, the condition known as pathological, or „compulsive” gambling, a progressive addiction characterized by increasing preoccupation with gambling, a need to bet more money more frequently, restlessness or irritability when attempting to stop, „chasing” losses, and loss of control manifested by continuation of the gambling behavior in spite of mounting, serious, negative consequences. […] A „yes” answer to any of these questions means you may be at risk for developing a gambling problem.

• #56 Research on the Origins of Pathological and Problem Gambling – Pathological Gambling – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK230625/

  Studies of those who seek help for themselves or others indicate that gambling severity and frequency varies by age. […] Etiological studies of pathological and problem gambling have generally focused on men from Gamblers Anonymous (GA) and men from the Veterans Administration hospital system. […] Most studies of pathological and problem gambling have focused on white male gamblers. […] Family and peer influences on children and adolescents to gamble may also constitute a risk factor for pathological and problem gambling. […] Family studies indicate that pathological gambling may be familial. […] Pathological gambling, classified by the American Psychiatric Association as a disorder of impulse control, has been found to have many similarities to such addictive disorders as alcoholism and drug dependence.

• #57 Research on the Origins of Pathological and Problem Gambling – Pathological Gambling – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK230625/

  As with other areas of research, when designing, undertaking, or evaluating etiological research on pathological gambling, one must understand and distinguish between associations and causal relationships among many potential risk factors. A risk factor is something that has a possible role in the initiation of a disease, the progression of a disease to a further state, or in the waning of a disease (which is then a protective factor). […] Equally important to consider in etiological research on pathological and problem gambling is which factors for chronic, long-term gambling are unique to this disorder and not just predictors of excessive deviant behavior of all kinds. […] Etiological research must also consider how the effects of age and being in a cohort (a group of people born in the same year or decade) increase or decrease one’s risk for initiating gambling or developing a gambling problem.

• #58 Common Risk Factors for Gambling Addiction

  https://www.gatewayfoundation.org/blog/risk-factors-gambling-addiction/

  Not everyone who gambles develops a gambling disorder. But some people are more prone to gambling addiction than others. […] Common risk factors for gambling addiction include mental health disorders, age and certain personality characteristics. These factors put someone at increased risk of developing a gambling addiction. However, anyone can become addicted to gambling, just as anyone can develop an addiction to drugs or alcohol. […] Researchers aren’t sure what commonly causes gambling addiction, but they have identified the following risk factors: […] Having a mental health disorder like depression can make someone more vulnerable to gambling addiction, particularly if they leave the problem untreated. […] People who engage in compulsive gambling use gambling as a way to escape emotional pain.

• #59 Problem gambling: Why do some people become addicted?

  https://www.bbc.com/news/health-50828086

  Gambling, alongside the use of substances like drugs and alcohol and even activities like shopping, can become an addiction when its use becomes compulsive and spirals out of control. […] Certain factors leave some people at greater risk of addiction. This can include having family members with addictions, or encountering high-level stress or adversity – experiences which relate to the way we are nurtured. […] A study using brain scans suggests problem gamblers may have lower impulse-control than the general population.

• #60 Gambling Addiction and Problem Gambling – HelpGuide.org

  https://www.helpguide.org/mental-health/addiction/gambling-addiction-and-problem-gambling

  Gambling problems affect people of all levels of intelligence and all backgrounds. Previously responsible and strong-willed people are just as likely to develop a gambling problem as anyone else. […] Depression, stress, substance abuse, or anxiety can both trigger gambling problems and be made worse by compulsive gambling. If you have bipolar disorder, manic phases might lead you to risky behavior, such as making big bets. Even when gambling is no longer a part of your life, these problems will still remain, so it’s important to address them.

• #61 Research on the Origins of Pathological and Problem Gambling – Pathological Gambling – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK230625/

  Data are accumulating at this time on the association between receptor genes and pathological gambling. […] The literature reports a strong association between rates of suicidal thoughts or attempts and pathological gambling. […] The cooccurrence of other disorders with pathological gambling may be one of the most important and influential indicators of the pathways into and out of pathological gambling. […] The study of pathological gambling, in its brief development, has no institutional base to sponsor research. […] More and better research on the etiology of pathological gambling is needed. […] The committee concludes, from its review and critique of the literature, that the following specific areas are in critical need of immediate research attention: Longitudinal research that explores the transition from childhood to adolescence through later adulthood, to determine the natural history of pathological gambling, including initiation, progression, remission, and relapse.

• #62 Compulsive gambling – Diagnosis & treatment – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/compulsive-gambling/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20355184

  If you recognize that you may have a problem with gambling, talk with your health care provider about an evaluation or seek help from a mental health professional. […] Some drugs can have a rare side effect that results in compulsive behaviors, including gambling, in some people. […] Depending on your signs and symptoms, you may be evaluated for mental health disorders that are sometimes related to excessive gambling. […] Treating compulsive gambling can be challenging. […] Yet a major part of treatment is working on acknowledging that you’re a compulsive gambler. […] Treatment for compulsive gambling may include these approaches: […] Behavioral therapy or cognitive behavioral therapy may be helpful. […] Some antidepressants may be effective in reducing gambling behavior. […] Treatment for substance misuse, depression, anxiety or any other mental health issue may be part of your treatment plan for compulsive gambling. […] If you feel that you’ll start gambling again, contact your mental health provider or sponsor right away to prevent a relapse. […] Family members of people with a compulsive gambling problem may benefit from counseling, even if the gambler is unwilling to participate in therapy.

• #63 Compulsive gambling: MedlinePlus Medical EncyclopediaLock

  https://medlineplus.gov/ency/article/001520.htm

  Compulsive gambling is being unable to resist impulses to gamble. This can lead to severe money problems, job loss, crime or fraud, and damage to family relationships. […] Compulsive gambling most often begins in early adolescence in men, and between ages 20 and 40 in women. People with compulsive gambling have a hard time resisting or controlling the impulse to gamble. The brain is reacting to this impulse in the same manner it reacts to a person addicted to alcohol or illegal drugs. Although it shares features of obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD), compulsive gambling is likely a different condition. […] In people who develop compulsive gambling, occasional gambling leads to a gambling habit. Stressful situations can worsen gambling problems. […] Exposure to gambling may increase the risk of developing compulsive gambling. Limiting exposure may be helpful for people who are at risk. Intervention at the earliest signs of compulsive gambling may prevent the disorder from getting worse.

• #64 How to Help Someone With a Gambling Problem

  https://www.mentalhealth.com/library/gambling-addiction

  Many factors could contribute to the problem, such as hereditary or environmental factors. […] Experts don’t know specifically what leads to compulsive gambling. […] Compulsive gambling generally starts when someone is in their late teens. Occasionally, people even become addicted the first time they gamble. Other times, the problem starts in the teen years and progresses as people’s lives become more stressful. […] Some gamblers respond well to antidepressants, narcotic antagonists and mood stabilizer medications. Oftentimes, a person with a gambling addiction also suffers from bipolar disorder, depression, ADHD or obsessive-compulsive disorder, so medication or therapy to treat those conditions can alleviate gambling addiction.

Zobacz więcej