Materiały źródłowe

• #1 Table 3.38, DSM-IV to DSM-5 Gambling Disorder Comparison – Impact of the DSM-IV to DSM-5 Changes on the National Survey on Drug Use and Health – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK519704/table/ch3.t39/

  DSM-IV to DSM-5 Name: Pathological Gambling Name: Gambling Disorder Disorder Class: Impulse-Control Disorders Not Classified Elsewhere Disorder Class: Substance-Related and Addictive Disorders A. Persistent and recurrent maladaptive gambling behavior as indicated by five (or more) of the following: Persistent and recurrent problematic gambling behavior leading to clinically significant impairment or distress, as indicated by the individual exhibiting four (or more) of the following in a 12-month period: 1. is preoccupied with gambling (e.g., preoccupied with reliving past gambling experiences, handicapping or planning the next venture, or thinking of ways to get money with which to gamble) […] 4. Is often preoccupied with gambling (e.g., having persistent thoughts of reliving past gambling experiences, handicapping or planning the next venture, thinking of ways to get money with which to gamble). 2. needs to gamble with increasing amounts of money in order to achieve the desired excitement

• #2 DSM-5-TR Diagnostic Criteria for Gambling Disorder

  https://www.gatewayfoundation.org/blog/dsm-5-gambling/

  Gambling disorder is a condition that affects millions of people around the world. The fifth edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5-TR) lists the signs, diagnosis criteria, specifications and treatment options for anyone with a gambling disorder. […] The DSM-5-TR definition of gambling disorder describes the condition as a persistent and problematic gambling behavior pattern leading to significant distress or impairment. The manual provides a standardized set of diagnostic criteria for various mental disorders, including problematic gambling. To receive a diagnosis of gambling disorder, an individual must meet at least four of these criteria within a 12-month period: […] The DSM-5-TR diagnostic criteria for gambling disorder provide a standardized framework for professionals to identify and diagnose individuals experiencing significant gambling-related problems. Accurate diagnosis is crucial for appropriate treatment planning and interventions to help individuals overcome the challenges associated with gambling disorder.

• #3 Gambling Addiction: Symptoms, Risk Factors, and Treatments

  https://www.verywellmind.com/what-is-pathological-gambling-22016

  Previously, gambling disorder was known as „pathological gambling” and was classified as an „impulse control disorder.” When the DSM-5 was published in 2013, it was renamed gambling disorder and moved to a new category, „addiction and related disorders,” due to the biological, behavioral, and emotional similarities with other addictions. […] Gambling disorder is currently the only behavioral addiction (as opposed to substance addiction) included in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5-TR), although „internet gaming disorder” and others are being considered for this category. […] To be diagnosed with gambling disorder, it will be evident that you have lost control over your gambling behaviors, and this addiction is causing significant distress and dysfunction in multiple areas of your life. The criteria for a diagnosis of gambling disorder are similar to other addictions, and include the following symptoms:

• #4 Table 3.38, DSM-IV to DSM-5 Gambling Disorder Comparison – Impact of the DSM-IV to DSM-5 Changes on the National Survey on Drug Use and Health – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK519704/table/ch3.t39/

  DSM-IV to DSM-5 Name: Pathological Gambling Name: Gambling Disorder Disorder Class: Impulse-Control Disorders Not Classified Elsewhere Disorder Class: Substance-Related and Addictive Disorders A. Persistent and recurrent maladaptive gambling behavior as indicated by five (or more) of the following: Persistent and recurrent problematic gambling behavior leading to clinically significant impairment or distress, as indicated by the individual exhibiting four (or more) of the following in a 12-month period: 1. is preoccupied with gambling (e.g., preoccupied with reliving past gambling experiences, handicapping or planning the next venture, or thinking of ways to get money with which to gamble) […] 4. Is often preoccupied with gambling (e.g., having persistent thoughts of reliving past gambling experiences, handicapping or planning the next venture, thinking of ways to get money with which to gamble). 2. needs to gamble with increasing amounts of money in order to achieve the desired excitement

• #5 DSM-5 Gambling Disorder: Prevalence and Characteristics in a Substance Use Disorder Sample

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC4019046/

  The fifth edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5) replaced the DSM-IV diagnosis of Pathological Gambling (PG) with Gambling Disorder (GD). GD requires four rather than five criteria for the diagnosis and excludes the Illegal Acts criterion. […] Approximately one-third of acknowledged gamblers (n = 563; 8.5% of the total sample) received both PG (DSM-IV) and GD (DSM-5) diagnoses and 678 (10.3% of the total) received a DSM-5 diagnosis, representing an increase of 20.4% relative to DSM-IV. […] Analysis of non-DSM variables suggested that the increased sensitivity of the DSM-5 GD diagnosis successfully identifies a broader set of individuals with clinically significant gambling-related problems. […] The revisions were informed by a growing body of literature on GD and, along with the other changes in DSM-5, were approved by the American Psychiatric Association.

• #6 DSM-5 Gambling Disorder: Prevalence and Characteristics in a Substance Use Disorder Sample

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC4019046/

  The fifth edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5) replaced the DSM-IV diagnosis of Pathological Gambling (PG) with Gambling Disorder (GD). GD requires four rather than five criteria for the diagnosis and excludes the Illegal Acts criterion. […] Approximately one-third of acknowledged gamblers (n = 563; 8.5% of the total sample) received both PG (DSM-IV) and GD (DSM-5) diagnoses and 678 (10.3% of the total) received a DSM-5 diagnosis, representing an increase of 20.4% relative to DSM-IV. […] Analysis of non-DSM variables suggested that the increased sensitivity of the DSM-5 GD diagnosis successfully identifies a broader set of individuals with clinically significant gambling-related problems. […] The revisions were informed by a growing body of literature on GD and, along with the other changes in DSM-5, were approved by the American Psychiatric Association.

• #7 Identifying a gambling disorder | Mass.gov

  https://www.mass.gov/info-details/identifying-a-gambling-disorder

  This is a part of the resource: Practice Guidelines for Treating Gambling-Related Problems […] Treatment for a gambling disorder begins at first contact with a clinician. […] The gambling field is awash with assessment tools. Different assessment tools target different aspects of gambling-related problems. The available assessments have been the subject of a number of psychometric evaluations. Depending upon an individual’s clinical needs and a clinician’s need for specific information, different assessment tools are appropriate. […] DSM 5 Gambling Disorder: The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders provides a series of symptoms commonly found among people with gambling disorders. These symptoms include: Persistent and recurrent problematic gambling behavior leading to clinically significant impairment or distress, as indicated by the individual exhibiting four (or more) of the following in a 12-month period: Needs to gamble with increasing amounts of money in order to achieve the desired excitement. Is restless or irritable when attempting to cut down or stop gambling. Has made repeated unsuccessful efforts to control, cut back, or stop gambling. Is often preoccupied with gambling (e.g., having persistent thoughts of reliving past gambling experiences, handicapping or planning the next venture, thinking of ways to get money with which to gamble). Often gambles when feeling distressed (e.g., helpless, guilty, anxious, depressed). After losing money gambling, often returns another day to get even (“chasing” one’s losses). Lies to conceal the extent of involvement with gambling. Has jeopardized or lost a significant relationship, job, or educational or career opportunity because of gambling. Relies on others to provide money to relieve desperate financial situations caused by gambling.

• #8 Gambling Disorder > Fact Sheets > Yale Medicine

  https://www.yalemedicine.org/conditions/gambling-disorder

  A condition in which gambling becomes an addiction and interferes with a person’s daily life. […] How is gambling disorder diagnosed? […] People who, over a 12-month period meet four of these nine criteria devised by the American Psychiatric Association, are considered to have a gambling disorder: […] There are three main forms of interventions: […] Psychotherapy. Individual and group approaches such as cognitive behavioral therapy, which helps to identify and modify damaging thinking and behavior, can help people overcome the problem. […] Medications. There are multiple potential pharmaceutical approaches to treatment, although no medication has an FDA indication for gambling disorder. […] Support groups. Some people with gambling disorder find help with such groups as Gamblers Anonymous, a 12-step program dedicated to abstinence.

• #9 Table 3.38, DSM-IV to DSM-5 Gambling Disorder Comparison – Impact of the DSM-IV to DSM-5 Changes on the National Survey on Drug Use and Health – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK519704/table/ch3.t39/

  1. SAME 3. has repeated unsuccessful efforts to control, cut back, or stop gambling […] 3. SAME 4. is restless or irritable when attempting to cut down or stop gambling […] 2. SAME 5. gambles as a way of escaping from problems or of relieving a dysphoric mood (e.g., feelings of helplessness, guilt, anxiety, depression) […] 5. Often gambles when feeling distressed (e.g., helpless, guilty, anxious, depressed). 6. after losing money gambling, often returns another day to get even (chasing ones losses) […] 6. SAME 7. lies to family members, therapist, or others to conceal the extent of involvement with gambling […] 7. SAME 8. has committed illegal acts such as forgery, fraud, theft, or embezzlement to finance gambling […] DROPPED 9. has jeopardized or lost a significant relationship, job, or educational or career opportunity because of gambling […] 8. SAME 10. relies on others to provide money to relieve a desperate financial situation caused by gambling […] 9. SAME B. The gambling behavior is not better accounted for by a Manic Episode. […] B. The gambling behavior is not better explained by a manic episode.

• #10 Gambling Disorder – PsychDB

  https://www.psychdb.com/addictions/non-substance/gambling

  Gambling Disorder is a mental disorder characterized by persistent and recurrent maladaptive gambling behavior that disrupts personal, family, and/or vocational pursuits. It is the only non-substance addictive disorder endorsed as a diagnosis in the DSM-5. […] The gambling behavior is not better explained by a manic episode. […] Persistent and recurrent problematic gambling behaviour leading to clinically significant impairment or distress, as indicated by the individual exhibiting at least 4 of the following in a 12-month period: Needs to gamble with increasing amounts of money in order to achieve the desired excitement. […] A pattern of chasing one’s losses may develop, with an urgent need to keep gambling (e.g. – placing larger bets or taking greater risks) to undo a loss or series of losses. […] Cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) and motivational interviewing (MI) may be effective in treating gambling disorder symptoms.

• #11 Gambling Disorder: Causes, Symptoms, Treatment DSM-5 312.31 (F63.0)

  https://thriveworks.com/blog/gambling-disorder/

  Gambling continuously and repeatedly to the point where it causes problems in a persons life and anxiousness is deemed a Gambling Disorder by the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM-5)*. […] According to the DSM-5, a person who shows a minimum of four signs in a one-year period has met the criteria for Gambling Disorder. The criteria include: […] The DSM-5 indicates the seriousness of the disorder by using the following guidelines. […] When an individual is in early remission, it means that he met guidelines for the disorder before, but they have halted for a time period of a minimum of three months and fewer than 12 months. […] Sustained remission is described as a person who, in the past, had met the criteria for the disorder; however, no criteria for the disorder has been evident in one year or more.

• #12 Do I have a Gambling Problem? How to assess betting habits – Birches Health

  https://bircheshealth.com/resources/do-i-have-gambling-problem

  Recognizing the warning signs of a Gambling Disorder is essential for prevention and early intervention. […] A psychological diagnosis of Gambling Disorder, classified as a non-substance behavioral addiction by the American Psychiatric Associations Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), requires a thorough assessment by psychologists or licensed counselors. […] The diagnosis involves a nine-item assessment to gauge the severity of the disorder. […] An individual who exhibits 4-5 of the following behaviors within a 12-month period may be diagnosed with a mild gambling disorder, while 6-7 of the criteria met merits a moderate disorder. Lastly, if an individual exhibits 8-9 of the items, it may classify as a severe addiction: […] The good news is that there are effective treatment options available for Gambling Disorder. […] Early diagnosis and intervention are crucial in mitigating the adverse effects of Gambling Disorder and improving the quality of life for affected individuals.

• #13 Gambling Disorder: Causes, Symptoms, Treatment DSM-5 312.31 (F63.0)

  https://thriveworks.com/blog/gambling-disorder/

  In addition, the DSM-5 evaluates the individual with a gambling disorder on the number of criteria they have met. When a person meets between four and five of the criteria, his disorder is considered mild. If he meets between six and seven of the criteria, the disorder is deemed moderate. Once an individual has met eight or nine of the criteria, his disorder is severe. […] People with Gambling Disorder have found success with Cognitive Behavioral Therapy. A therapist will work with the individual to find out what may have led to the behavior. […] Group therapy sessions may be helpful in order to identify the triggers that cause the gambling behavior. […] Family therapy can be very helpful, especially since members of the family have probably been affected.

• #14 South Florida Gambling Addiction Help | Delray Center for Healing

  https://www.delraycenter.com/gambling-addiction-and-its-effects-on-west-palm-beach/

  Occurring in many forms, but most commonly; lotteries, casinos, bookmaking, card rooms, and bingo, gambling is defined as betting something of value when the outcome is uncertain. Compulsive gambling or gambling addiction is characterized as an impulse control disorder. […] Diagnosis of gambling addiction requires a few steps, the first of which is a complete physical and psychological evaluation. A diagnostic evaluation includes a mental status examination to determine if speech, thought pattern, or memory has been affected. Currently, there are no lab tests, blood tests, or x-ray that can diagnose this or any other mental disorder.

• #15 Compulsive gambling – Diagnosis & treatment – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/compulsive-gambling/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20355184

  If you recognize that you may have a problem with gambling, talk with your health care provider about an evaluation or seek help from a mental health professional. […] To evaluate your problem with gambling, your health care provider or mental health provider will likely: […] Do a mental health assessment. This assessment includes questions about your symptoms, thoughts, feelings and behavior patterns related to your gambling. Depending on your signs and symptoms, you may be evaluated for mental health disorders that are sometimes related to excessive gambling. […] Treatment for compulsive gambling may include these approaches: […] Treatment for compulsive gambling may involve an outpatient program, inpatient program or a residential treatment program, depending on your needs and resources.

• #16 Gambling Addiction Help, Facts, Statistics, Symptoms & Treatment

  https://www.medicinenet.com/gambling_addiction/article.htm

  Gambling addiction is a mental-health problem that is understood to be one of many kinds of impulse-control problems and having many similarities to obsessive compulsive disorder. However, it is now understood to be more similar to other addictive disorders. […] Gambling addiction is also called compulsive gambling or pathological gambling. […] Estimates of the number of people who gamble socially and qualify for being diagnosed with a gambling addiction range from 2%-3%, thereby affecting millions of people in the United States alone. […] Problem gambling generally means gambling that involves more than one symptom but fewer than the at least five symptoms required to qualify for the diagnosis of compulsive or pathological gambling. […] The first step to obtaining appropriate treatment is accurate diagnosis, which requires a complete physical and psychological evaluation to determine whether the person may have a gambling addiction. […] A thorough diagnostic evaluation includes a complete history of the patient’s symptoms, during which time the practitioner might ask the following questions: How old were you when you gambled for the first time? How much time (how often and for how long each time) do you spend gambling or thinking about gambling? How much money do you lose/spend gambling? What kinds of things do you do to finance gambling? Do you have irresistible urges to gamble?

• #17 Identifying a gambling disorder | Mass.gov

  https://www.mass.gov/info-details/identifying-a-gambling-disorder

  People meet the DSM standard for Gambling Disorder when they satisfy 4 of these criteria. […] Of Note: The American Psychiatric Association recently made a major change to its treatment of gambling-related problems within its Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders. In prior editions, gambling-related problems were included in the manual’s Impulse Control Disorders section under the diagnosis, Pathological Gambling. Today, gambling-related problems are located with other addictive behavior, like Substance Use Disorders, and use the diagnosis, Gambling Disorder. The co-location of gambling with other addictive behavior reflects the shared preceding conditions, developmental processes, and consequences of these problems. Notably, many of the Evidence-based Practices for Treating Gambling Disorder also are evidence-based practices for other expressions of addiction.

• #18 What ICD-10 Code is for Pathological Gambling? | AutoNotes

  https://autonotes.ai/icd-10-cm-codes/f00-f99/pathological-gambling/

  The ICD-10 code for pathological gambling is F63.0. This code is found in the International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems, Tenth Revision (IDC-10). […] Under the ICD-10, the F63 code classifies habit and impulse disorders, excluding the habitual excessive use of psychoactive substances or alcohol and impulse disorders involving sexual behavior. The ICD-10 code for pathological gambling, F63.0, also includes compulsive gambling and gambling disorder. […] According to the WHO, ICD-10 F63.0 defines pathological gambling as a disorder consisting of frequent, repeated episodes of gambling dominating a person’s life to the detriment of material, occupational, social and family values and commitments. […] The DSM-5 criteria establish a standardized framework to help practitioners better identify and diagnose gambling disorders. More accurate diagnoses provide more appropriate treatment and intervention planning options for overcoming the challenges involved with having a gambling disorder.

• #19 Problem gambling – Wikipedia

  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Problem_gambling

  Repetitive gambling despite demonstrable harm and adverse consequences […] Problem gambling may be diagnosed as a mental disorder according to DSM-5 if certain diagnostic criteria are met. […] The DSM-5 has since reclassified pathological gambling as gambling disorder and has listed the disorder under substance-related and addictive disorders rather than impulse-control disorders. This is due to the symptomatology of the disorder resembling an addiction not dissimilar to that of a substance use disorder. […] To be diagnosed, an individual must have at least four of the following symptoms in 12 months: […] The most common instrument used to screen for „probable pathological gambling” behavior is the South Oaks Gambling Screen (SOGS) developed by Lesieur and Blume (1987) at the South Oaks Hospital in New York City.

• #20 Pathologic Gambling | AAFP

  https://www.aafp.org/pubs/afp/issues/2000/0201/p741.html

  Gamblers may hide or deny gambling-related problems, however, making pathologic gambling an often overlooked and undiagnosed condition. […] Evidence points to the common existence of narcissistic personality characteristics and impulse control problems in pathologic gamblers. […] Several surveys are available to assist physicians in diagnosing this condition. […] The South Oaks Gambling Screen (SOGS) is the only extensively used, validated screening tool for the evaluation of patients who are pathologic gamblers. […] The easiest instrument for the family physician to use is the LIE/BET questionnaire, which is similar to the CAGE questions asked as part of alcoholism screening. […] Behavioral, cognitive and cognitive-behavioral therapy appear to be the most successful treatment approaches.

• #21 Pathologic Gambling | AAFP

  https://www.aafp.org/pubs/afp/issues/2000/0201/p741.html

  Gamblers may hide or deny gambling-related problems, however, making pathologic gambling an often overlooked and undiagnosed condition. […] Evidence points to the common existence of narcissistic personality characteristics and impulse control problems in pathologic gamblers. […] Several surveys are available to assist physicians in diagnosing this condition. […] The South Oaks Gambling Screen (SOGS) is the only extensively used, validated screening tool for the evaluation of patients who are pathologic gamblers. […] The easiest instrument for the family physician to use is the LIE/BET questionnaire, which is similar to the CAGE questions asked as part of alcoholism screening. […] Behavioral, cognitive and cognitive-behavioral therapy appear to be the most successful treatment approaches.

• #22 Problem gambling – Wikipedia

  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Problem_gambling

  The DSM-IV diagnostic criteria presented as a checklist is an alternative to SOGS, it focuses on the psychological motivations underpinning problem gambling and was developed by the American Psychiatric Association. […] The Problem Gambling Severity Index, which focuses on the harms associated with problem gambling, is composed of nine items from the longer CPGI. […] Gamblers Anonymous (GA) is a commonly used treatment for gambling problems. […] Motivational interviewing is one of the treatments of compulsive gambling. […] Gambling self-exclusion (voluntary exclusion) programs are available in the US, the UK, Canada, Australia, South Africa, France, and other countries. […] Problem gambling is often associated with increased suicidal ideation and attempts compared to the general population.

• #23 Self Screening Quiz | Problem Gambling

  https://problemgambling.az.gov/resources/self-screening-quiz

  The NORC Diagnostic Screen for Gambling Problems-Self Administered is self-assessment version of the NODS (the NORC Diagnostic Screen for Gambling Disorders). It was designed to assist individuals in evaluating whether to modify or seek help for their gambling behavior. The NODS is based on the APAs DSM-IV criteria for pathological gambling. […] This self-assessment will help you figure out if there is a problem, but only a professional can diagnose if it is a gambling problem, a different problem, or both. If you answered yes to one or more of these questions, you should seek help. If you suspect that you have a gambling problem, you should seek help regardless of how you score on this screening test. […] The NORC Diagnostic Screen for Gambling Problems-Self-Administered (NODS-SA) was developed by staff from the National Opinion Research Center at the University of Chicago. The instrument is a modification of the NODS, a diagnostic instrument based on the American Psychiatric Associations DSM-IV criteria for Pathological Gambling. Please note that while the NODS has been tested and shown to be reliable and valid for use in the general population (see Gerstein, et al. 1999), the NODS-SA has not been fully validated.

• #24 Compulsive gambling: MedlinePlus Medical EncyclopediaLock

  https://medlineplus.gov/ency/article/001520.htm

  Compulsive gambling is being unable to resist impulses to gamble. This can lead to severe money problems, job loss, crime or fraud, and damage to family relationships. […] A psychiatric evaluation and history can be used to diagnose compulsive gambling. Screening tools such as the Gamblers Anonymous 20 Questions at gamblersanonymous.org/20-questions/ can help with the diagnosis. […] Treatment for people with compulsive gambling begins with recognizing the problem. Compulsive gamblers often deny they have a problem or need treatment. […] Like alcohol or substance use disorder, compulsive gambling is a long-term disorder that tends to get worse without treatment. Even with treatment, it’s common to start gambling again (relapse). However, people with compulsive gambling can do very well with the right treatment. […] Contact your health care provider or mental health professional if you believe you have symptoms of compulsive gambling.

• #25 Self Screening Quiz | Problem Gambling

  https://problemgambling.az.gov/resources/self-screening-quiz

  It is important to note that this self-assessment is not a diagnosis and DOES NOT replace a face to face evaluation with a trained clinical professional. If you or someone you know answers yes to ANY of these questions, please consider seeking further assistance or information about your gambling behavior.

• #26 Problem Gambline Self-Assessment Results – National Council on Problem Gambling

  https://www.ncpgambling.org/help-treatment/problem-gambling-self-assessment/results/

  This result is consistent with a mild risk for a gambling problem, but does not meet a clinical diagnosis of gambling addiction. […] This result is consistent with past or present problem gambling, which is generally less serious than the clinical diagnosis of gambling addiction. […] This result is consistent with a likely diagnosis of gambling addiction. […] This self assessment is not a diagnosis and does not replace a formal evaluation with a trained clinical professional.

• #27 Compulsive gambling – Diagnosis & treatment – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/compulsive-gambling/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20355184

  Treatment for substance misuse, depression, anxiety or any other mental health issue may be part of your treatment plan for compulsive gambling. […] Your health care provider or mental health provider will likely ask you several questions, such as: […] To make the most of your appointment time, be ready to answer these questions and to provide an accurate picture of your gambling issues.

• #28 Gambling Addiction Help, Facts, Statistics, Symptoms & Treatment

  https://www.medicinenet.com/gambling_addiction/article.htm

  Although there is no standardized treatment for pathological gambling, many people participate in Gamblers’ Anonymous (GA) or learn how to stop engaging in gambling behaviors. […] Another important fact to consider in treatment for a gambling addiction is that up to 70% of people with this disorder also have another psychiatric problem. […] With treatment, the prognosis of compulsive gambling can be quite encouraging. More than two-thirds of people with this disorder tend to abstain from problem gambling a year after receiving six weeks of treatment. […] Although as many as one-third of individuals who suffer from pathological gambling may recover from the disease without receiving any treatment, the potential devastation that compulsive gambling can wreak on the life of the suffer and those around him or her clearly indicate that the potential positive aspects outweigh the possible complications that result from an intervention.

• #29 Compulsive gambling – Symptoms & causes – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/compulsive-gambling/symptoms-causes/syc-20355178

  Exactly what causes someone to gamble compulsively isn’t well understood. Like many problems, compulsive gambling may result from a combination of biological, genetic and environmental factors. […] Although most people who play cards or wager never develop a gambling problem, certain factors are more often associated with compulsive gambling: Mental health issues. People who gamble compulsively often have substance misuse problems, personality disorders, depression or anxiety. […] Compulsive gambling can have profound and long-lasting consequences for your life, such as: Relationship problems, Financial problems, including bankruptcy, Legal problems or imprisonment, Poor work performance or job loss, Poor general health, Suicide, suicide attempts or suicidal thoughts. […] Although there’s no proven way to prevent a gambling problem, educational programs that target individuals and groups at increased risk may be helpful.

• #30 Comorbidity Between Gambling Disorders and Other Mental Health Conditions – Immunize Nevada

  https://immunizenevada.org/comorbidity-between-gambling-disorders-and-other-mental-health-conditions/

  Gambling addiction, or pathological gambling, often coexists with other mental health conditions, leading to what is known as dual diagnosis. […] This comorbidity complicates both diagnosis and treatment, as the presence of multiple mental health issues requires a multifaceted approach to care. […] Understanding these associations provides valuable insights for developing effective interventions that address the full spectrum of issues faced by individuals with gambling disorders. […] Depression is one of the most common co-occurring mental health disorders in individuals with gambling addiction. […] This condition is exacerbated by social isolation, as individuals may withdraw from friends and family out of shame or fear of judgment. […] Consequently, the co-occurrence of depression and gambling addiction is associated with a higher risk of suicide, as the sense of hopelessness may become overwhelming.

• #31 Comorbidity Between Gambling Disorders and Other Mental Health Conditions – Immunize Nevada

  https://immunizenevada.org/comorbidity-between-gambling-disorders-and-other-mental-health-conditions/

  Gambling addiction, or pathological gambling, often coexists with other mental health conditions, leading to what is known as dual diagnosis. […] This comorbidity complicates both diagnosis and treatment, as the presence of multiple mental health issues requires a multifaceted approach to care. […] Understanding these associations provides valuable insights for developing effective interventions that address the full spectrum of issues faced by individuals with gambling disorders. […] Depression is one of the most common co-occurring mental health disorders in individuals with gambling addiction. […] This condition is exacerbated by social isolation, as individuals may withdraw from friends and family out of shame or fear of judgment. […] Consequently, the co-occurrence of depression and gambling addiction is associated with a higher risk of suicide, as the sense of hopelessness may become overwhelming.

• #32 DSM-5-TR Diagnostic Criteria for Gambling Disorder

  https://www.gatewayfoundation.org/blog/dsm-5-gambling/

  Differential diagnosis is a crucial process in evaluating gambling disorder, as it involves distinguishing it from other conditions that may share similar symptoms or have overlapping features. Accurate differential diagnosis is vital for effective treatment planning and providing the right interventions. […] Diagnosing a gambling disorder can be challenging, but asking specific questions can help you determine whether you or a loved one has problematic gambling behaviors. Recognizing when to seek help is also crucial for managing the disorder effectively. […] Remember, recognizing the signs of a gambling disorder and seeking help is an essential step toward recovery. Professional assistance can provide a comprehensive assessment, diagnosis and individualized treatment plan tailored to your specific needs.

• #33 Table 3.38, DSM-IV to DSM-5 Gambling Disorder Comparison – Impact of the DSM-IV to DSM-5 Changes on the National Survey on Drug Use and Health – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK519704/table/ch3.t39/

  1. SAME 3. has repeated unsuccessful efforts to control, cut back, or stop gambling […] 3. SAME 4. is restless or irritable when attempting to cut down or stop gambling […] 2. SAME 5. gambles as a way of escaping from problems or of relieving a dysphoric mood (e.g., feelings of helplessness, guilt, anxiety, depression) […] 5. Often gambles when feeling distressed (e.g., helpless, guilty, anxious, depressed). 6. after losing money gambling, often returns another day to get even (chasing ones losses) […] 6. SAME 7. lies to family members, therapist, or others to conceal the extent of involvement with gambling […] 7. SAME 8. has committed illegal acts such as forgery, fraud, theft, or embezzlement to finance gambling […] DROPPED 9. has jeopardized or lost a significant relationship, job, or educational or career opportunity because of gambling […] 8. SAME 10. relies on others to provide money to relieve a desperate financial situation caused by gambling […] 9. SAME B. The gambling behavior is not better accounted for by a Manic Episode. […] B. The gambling behavior is not better explained by a manic episode.

• #34 Gambling Disorder – PsychDB

  https://www.psychdb.com/addictions/non-substance/gambling

  Gambling Disorder is a mental disorder characterized by persistent and recurrent maladaptive gambling behavior that disrupts personal, family, and/or vocational pursuits. It is the only non-substance addictive disorder endorsed as a diagnosis in the DSM-5. […] The gambling behavior is not better explained by a manic episode. […] Persistent and recurrent problematic gambling behaviour leading to clinically significant impairment or distress, as indicated by the individual exhibiting at least 4 of the following in a 12-month period: Needs to gamble with increasing amounts of money in order to achieve the desired excitement. […] A pattern of chasing one’s losses may develop, with an urgent need to keep gambling (e.g. – placing larger bets or taking greater risks) to undo a loss or series of losses. […] Cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) and motivational interviewing (MI) may be effective in treating gambling disorder symptoms.

• #35 What Is Problem Gambling? – New York Council on Problem Gambling

  https://nyproblemgambling.org/resources/what-is-problem-gambling/

  The condition previously named pathological gambling was renamed gambling disorder and classified in the category Substance-Related and Addictive Disorders in the DSM-5. The criteria for diagnosis is as follows: Persistent and recurrent problematic gambling behavior leading to clinically significant impairment or distress, as indicated by the individual exhibiting four (or more) of the following in a 12-month period: […] NYCPG most often refers to Disordered Gambling by using the more general term problem gambling. The term problem gambling has been used in different ways by the research community, ranging from individuals who fall short of the diagnostic criteria for pathological gambling to persons whose gambling behavior compromises, disrupts or damages personal, family or vocational pursuits.

• #36 Compulsive gambling – Symptoms & causes – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/compulsive-gambling/symptoms-causes/syc-20355178

  Compulsive gambling, also called gambling disorder, is the uncontrollable urge to keep gambling despite the toll it takes on your life. […] Compulsive gambling is a serious condition that can destroy lives. Although treating compulsive gambling can be challenging, many people who struggle with compulsive gambling have found help through professional treatment. […] Signs and symptoms of compulsive gambling (gambling disorder) can include: Being preoccupied with gambling, such as constantly planning gambling activities and how to get more gambling money. […] Most casual gamblers stop when losing or set a limit on how much they’re willing to lose. But people with a compulsive gambling problem are compelled to keep playing to recover their money a pattern that becomes increasingly destructive over time.

• #37 Screen for Gambling Disorder – The Maryland Center of Excellence on Problem Gambling

  https://www.mdproblemgambling.com/gambling-disorder-screening-2022/

  Problem Gambling: Characterized by difficulties in limiting money and/or time spent on gambling (impaired control) which leads to adverse consequences for the gambler, others, or for the community. (Neal, 2005). This has never been an official diagnostic category. […] Gambling Disorder: Current DSM-V diagnosis. […] Compulsive Gambling: Terminology used in Gamblers Anonymous and commonly in non-clinical settings and contexts. […] Problem Gambling/Gambling Disorder can lead to financial, emotional, social, occupational, and physical harms. […] An individual struggling with issues due to problematic gambling will affect 7-10 people in their immediate circle. […] Continual problem gambling may lead to criminal activity to compensate for losses. […] Part I focuses on strategies for screening for gambling problems and initiating conversations regarding the impact of gambling and problem gambling on recovery, health, and well-being. Part II focuses on making gambling and problem gambling relevant topics of conversation within Substance Use Disorder and Mental Health treatment settings.

• #38 Gambling Addiction Help, Facts, Statistics, Symptoms & Treatment

  https://www.medicinenet.com/gambling_addiction/article.htm

  Gambling addiction is a mental-health problem that is understood to be one of many kinds of impulse-control problems and having many similarities to obsessive compulsive disorder. However, it is now understood to be more similar to other addictive disorders. […] Gambling addiction is also called compulsive gambling or pathological gambling. […] Estimates of the number of people who gamble socially and qualify for being diagnosed with a gambling addiction range from 2%-3%, thereby affecting millions of people in the United States alone. […] Problem gambling generally means gambling that involves more than one symptom but fewer than the at least five symptoms required to qualify for the diagnosis of compulsive or pathological gambling. […] The first step to obtaining appropriate treatment is accurate diagnosis, which requires a complete physical and psychological evaluation to determine whether the person may have a gambling addiction. […] A thorough diagnostic evaluation includes a complete history of the patient’s symptoms, during which time the practitioner might ask the following questions: How old were you when you gambled for the first time? How much time (how often and for how long each time) do you spend gambling or thinking about gambling? How much money do you lose/spend gambling? What kinds of things do you do to finance gambling? Do you have irresistible urges to gamble?

• #39 DSM-5-TR Diagnostic Criteria for Gambling Disorder

  https://www.gatewayfoundation.org/blog/dsm-5-gambling/

  Gambling disorder is a condition that affects millions of people around the world. The fifth edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5-TR) lists the signs, diagnosis criteria, specifications and treatment options for anyone with a gambling disorder. […] The DSM-5-TR definition of gambling disorder describes the condition as a persistent and problematic gambling behavior pattern leading to significant distress or impairment. The manual provides a standardized set of diagnostic criteria for various mental disorders, including problematic gambling. To receive a diagnosis of gambling disorder, an individual must meet at least four of these criteria within a 12-month period: […] The DSM-5-TR diagnostic criteria for gambling disorder provide a standardized framework for professionals to identify and diagnose individuals experiencing significant gambling-related problems. Accurate diagnosis is crucial for appropriate treatment planning and interventions to help individuals overcome the challenges associated with gambling disorder.

• #40 Diagnosis and Treatment of Gambling Addiction | Oxford Research Encyclopedia of Neuroscience

  https://oxfordre.com/neuroscience/display/10.1093/acrefore/9780190264086.001.0001/acrefore-9780190264086-e-135?d=%2F10.1093%2Facrefore%2F9780190264086.001.0001%2Facrefore-9780190264086-e-135&p=emailAOWNClXPaL%2FLc

  Gambling disorder (GD) is a relatively rare psychiatric concern that may carry substantial individual, familial, and societal harms. […] GD diagnostic criteria have evolved, although identification often remains challenging given shame, stigma, ambivalence regarding treatment and limited screening. […] Because many people with GD do not receive treatment, identification (screening and treatment outreach) and therapeutic (behavioral, neuromodulatory, and pharmacological) approaches warrant increased consideration and development.

• #41 Pathologic Gambling | AAFP

  https://www.aafp.org/pubs/afp/issues/2000/0201/p741.html

  Gamblers may hide or deny gambling-related problems, however, making pathologic gambling an often overlooked and undiagnosed condition. […] Evidence points to the common existence of narcissistic personality characteristics and impulse control problems in pathologic gamblers. […] Several surveys are available to assist physicians in diagnosing this condition. […] The South Oaks Gambling Screen (SOGS) is the only extensively used, validated screening tool for the evaluation of patients who are pathologic gamblers. […] The easiest instrument for the family physician to use is the LIE/BET questionnaire, which is similar to the CAGE questions asked as part of alcoholism screening. […] Behavioral, cognitive and cognitive-behavioral therapy appear to be the most successful treatment approaches.

• #42 Problem Gambling | ASAC

  https://www.asac.us/problem-gambling

  Gambling Disorder is the term used by the American Psychiatric Association in the 5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) to describe the most severe form of the disorder (American Psychiatric Association, 2013). According to the DSM-5, gambling disorder is indicated by four (or more) of the following: […] Problem and disordered gambling may be hard to recognize because it doesnt display the same physical signs and symptoms as other addictive disorders. For this reason, gambling disorder is sometimes called the hidden illness. […] The National Center for Responsible Gaming is a national organization devoted to funding research that helps increase understanding of gambling disorder and youth gambling.

• #43 Gambling: The Hidden Addiction | SUMMIT  PSYCHOLOGICAL  SERVICES

  https://www.summitpsychologicalservices.com/gambling-the-hidden-addiction-1

  Unlike other addictions, problem gamblers do not show physical signs. […] The American Psychiatric Association Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) added Pathological Gambling as a diagnosis in 1980, and at that time, it was considered an impulse control disorder. […] The most recent DSM 5 edition moved gambling under the Addiction and Related Disorders. […] A growing body of scientific literature and neuroscience research has built a strong case for gambling to be reassigned as an addiction. […] In addition, the DSM 5 changed the name from Pathological Gambling to Gambling Disorder, removing the pejorative association with the word pathological which had hitherto reinforced the stigma associated with problem gambling. […] It is important to know that there is help, hope and resources available. […] The hidden addiction of gambling is very hard to see, and the shame associated with asking for help often times prevents individuals from seeking treatment.

• #44 Diagnosis and Treatment of Gambling Addiction | Oxford Research Encyclopedia of Neuroscience

  https://oxfordre.com/neuroscience/display/10.1093/acrefore/9780190264086.001.0001/acrefore-9780190264086-e-135?d=%2F10.1093%2Facrefore%2F9780190264086.001.0001%2Facrefore-9780190264086-e-135&p=emailAOWNClXPaL%2FLc

  Gambling disorder (GD) is a relatively rare psychiatric concern that may carry substantial individual, familial, and societal harms. […] GD diagnostic criteria have evolved, although identification often remains challenging given shame, stigma, ambivalence regarding treatment and limited screening. […] Because many people with GD do not receive treatment, identification (screening and treatment outreach) and therapeutic (behavioral, neuromodulatory, and pharmacological) approaches warrant increased consideration and development.

• #45 Overview of gambling disorder – UpToDate

  https://www.uptodate.com/contents/overview-of-gambling-disorder

  Gambling disorder (pathologic gambling) and problem gambling affects up to 15 million Americans and are common in young people. […] No systematic process of educating, screening, and treating pathologic gamblers is currently in place. […] This topic discusses the epidemiology, diagnosis, and treatment of gambling disorder. […] Gambling disorder — According to the American Psychiatric Association’s Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM-5), gambling disorder is defined as persistent and recurrent maladaptive gambling behavior, as indicated by four or more of the following criteria.

• #46 An empirical evaluation of proposed changes for gambling diagnosis in the DSM-5

  https://bdoc.ofdt.fr/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=71777

  An empirical evaluation of proposed changes for gambling diagnosis in the DSM-5 […] Aims: Recommendations related to pathological gambling for the fifth edition of the Diagnostic and Statistic Manual for Mental Disorders (DSM) are to eliminate the criterion related to committing illegal acts and reduce the threshold for diagnosis from five to four criteria. […] Conclusions: The inclusion of the illegal acts criterion in the proposed DSM-V pathological gambling diagnosis does not appear necessary for diagnosis of pathological gambling and, if it is eliminated, reducing the cut-point to four results in more consistent diagnoses relative to the current classification system.

• #47 FAQs: What is Problem Gambling? – National Council on Problem Gambling

  https://www.ncpgambling.org/help-treatment/faqs-what-is-problem-gambling/

  Generally, people with one addiction are more at risk to develop another. […] 2.5 million U.S. adults (1%) are estimated to meet the criteria for a severe gambling problem in a given year. Another 5-8 million (2-3%) would be considered to have mild or moderate gambling problems; in other words, they do not meet the full diagnostic criteria for gambling disorder but meet one or more of the criteria and are experiencing problems due to their gambling behavior. […] NCPG estimates that the annual national social cost of problem gambling is $14 billion. These costs include gambling-related criminal justice and healthcare spending as well as job loss, bankruptcy, and other consequences.

• #48

  https://www.gamblingcommission.gov.uk/statistics-and-research/publication/problem-gambling-screens

  There are various ways to measure the prevalence of those experiencing problem gambling. The Gambling Survey for Great Britain (GSGB) uses the Problem Gambling Severity Index (PGSI). This page provides more detail about how the PGSI is used to measure experiences of problem gambling, as well as providing details of other screens that are available. […] The PGSI was specifically developed for use among the general population rather than within a clinical context by Ferris and Wynne (2001) (opens in new tab). […] The DSM-IV screening instrument is based on criteria from the fourth edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of the American Psychiatric Association (DSM-IV) (opens in new tab). The DSM-IV criteria form a tool created for diagnosis by clinicians of pathological gambling, and were not intended for use as a screening instrument among the general population in its original format.

• #49 Compulsive gambling – Symptoms & causes – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/compulsive-gambling/symptoms-causes/syc-20355178

  Exactly what causes someone to gamble compulsively isn’t well understood. Like many problems, compulsive gambling may result from a combination of biological, genetic and environmental factors. […] Although most people who play cards or wager never develop a gambling problem, certain factors are more often associated with compulsive gambling: Mental health issues. People who gamble compulsively often have substance misuse problems, personality disorders, depression or anxiety. […] Compulsive gambling can have profound and long-lasting consequences for your life, such as: Relationship problems, Financial problems, including bankruptcy, Legal problems or imprisonment, Poor work performance or job loss, Poor general health, Suicide, suicide attempts or suicidal thoughts. […] Although there’s no proven way to prevent a gambling problem, educational programs that target individuals and groups at increased risk may be helpful.

• #50

  https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11469-021-00636-6

  Psychiatric comorbidity is common in gambling disorder (GD), but there are few studies on larger nationwide samples of treatment-seeking patients. […] Drug prescription for psychiatric problems increased markedly in the years temporarily associated with a first diagnosis of GD. […] The aim of the present study was to investigate the prescription of psychiatric drugs prior to and following a first diagnosis of GD, to assess temporal associations between a first diagnosis of GD psychiatric comorbidity. […] The overall result of this study was a high and increasing prescription of psychiatric drugs among the participants during the studied period and compared to the general population yearly prescriptions were remarkably high for each drug group. […] This study indicates a generally worsened mental health for both men and women years prior to and following the GD diagnoses, despite on-going psychiatric medication, pointing out the need of optimized screening and treatment for GD and psychiatric comorbidity. […] Our results indicate extensive psychiatric comorbidity and deteriorated mental health prior to, and following, establishment of GD diagnoses, despite extensive pharmacological treatment.

• #51

  https://www.gamblingcommission.gov.uk/statistics-and-research/publication/problem-gambling-screens

  A threshold of meeting at least 3 of the DSM-IV criteria is used to identify people who are experiencing problem gambling. This cut-off point has been found to give good discrimination between criterion groups and has provided the closest match to prevalence estimated by other screening instruments. […] Clinicians currently use an additional threshold of a DSM-IV score of 5 or more to represent pathological gambling. […] Using the DSM-IV-MR-J (Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders 4th Edition – Multiple Response Juvenile) screen, a child who confirms that they had undertaken 4 or more of the behaviours or actions (from the overall screen of 9 components outlined as follows) is identified as experiencing problem gambling, a score of 2 or 3 is used to identify those at-risk from gambling and a score of 0 or 1 represents those who gamble but do not report experiencing problem gambling. […] As with any screening instrument, there are a number of caveats that need to be considered when interpreting estimates from the PGSI or any of the other screening instruments listed here.

• #52 Compulsive gambling – Symptoms & causes – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/compulsive-gambling/symptoms-causes/syc-20355178

  Exactly what causes someone to gamble compulsively isn’t well understood. Like many problems, compulsive gambling may result from a combination of biological, genetic and environmental factors. […] Although most people who play cards or wager never develop a gambling problem, certain factors are more often associated with compulsive gambling: Mental health issues. People who gamble compulsively often have substance misuse problems, personality disorders, depression or anxiety. […] Compulsive gambling can have profound and long-lasting consequences for your life, such as: Relationship problems, Financial problems, including bankruptcy, Legal problems or imprisonment, Poor work performance or job loss, Poor general health, Suicide, suicide attempts or suicidal thoughts. […] Although there’s no proven way to prevent a gambling problem, educational programs that target individuals and groups at increased risk may be helpful.

• #53 Compulsive gambling – Symptoms & causes – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/compulsive-gambling/symptoms-causes/syc-20355178

  Exactly what causes someone to gamble compulsively isn’t well understood. Like many problems, compulsive gambling may result from a combination of biological, genetic and environmental factors. […] Although most people who play cards or wager never develop a gambling problem, certain factors are more often associated with compulsive gambling: Mental health issues. People who gamble compulsively often have substance misuse problems, personality disorders, depression or anxiety. […] Compulsive gambling can have profound and long-lasting consequences for your life, such as: Relationship problems, Financial problems, including bankruptcy, Legal problems or imprisonment, Poor work performance or job loss, Poor general health, Suicide, suicide attempts or suicidal thoughts. […] Although there’s no proven way to prevent a gambling problem, educational programs that target individuals and groups at increased risk may be helpful.

• #54 Screen for Gambling Disorder – The Maryland Center of Excellence on Problem Gambling

  https://www.mdproblemgambling.com/gambling-disorder-screening-2022/

  Problem Gambling: Characterized by difficulties in limiting money and/or time spent on gambling (impaired control) which leads to adverse consequences for the gambler, others, or for the community. (Neal, 2005). This has never been an official diagnostic category. […] Gambling Disorder: Current DSM-V diagnosis. […] Compulsive Gambling: Terminology used in Gamblers Anonymous and commonly in non-clinical settings and contexts. […] Problem Gambling/Gambling Disorder can lead to financial, emotional, social, occupational, and physical harms. […] An individual struggling with issues due to problematic gambling will affect 7-10 people in their immediate circle. […] Continual problem gambling may lead to criminal activity to compensate for losses. […] Part I focuses on strategies for screening for gambling problems and initiating conversations regarding the impact of gambling and problem gambling on recovery, health, and well-being. Part II focuses on making gambling and problem gambling relevant topics of conversation within Substance Use Disorder and Mental Health treatment settings.

• #55 Screen for Gambling Disorder – The Maryland Center of Excellence on Problem Gambling

  https://www.mdproblemgambling.com/gambling-disorder-screening-2022/

  Problem Gambling: Characterized by difficulties in limiting money and/or time spent on gambling (impaired control) which leads to adverse consequences for the gambler, others, or for the community. (Neal, 2005). This has never been an official diagnostic category. […] Gambling Disorder: Current DSM-V diagnosis. […] Compulsive Gambling: Terminology used in Gamblers Anonymous and commonly in non-clinical settings and contexts. […] Problem Gambling/Gambling Disorder can lead to financial, emotional, social, occupational, and physical harms. […] An individual struggling with issues due to problematic gambling will affect 7-10 people in their immediate circle. […] Continual problem gambling may lead to criminal activity to compensate for losses. […] Part I focuses on strategies for screening for gambling problems and initiating conversations regarding the impact of gambling and problem gambling on recovery, health, and well-being. Part II focuses on making gambling and problem gambling relevant topics of conversation within Substance Use Disorder and Mental Health treatment settings.

• #56 The Impacts of Problem Gambling

  https://behavioralhealthnews.org/the-impacts-of-problem-gambling/

  While we cannot physically test for problem gambling, there are screening and diagnostic tools that can be used to initiate a conversation about gambling. […] If you, someone you know, or a client you work with answers yes to any of these questions, it may be time to start talking about problem gambling. […] Problem gambling can affect anyone at any point in their lives and can impact friends and families of those struggling with their gambling. […] It can develop into a gambling disorder, which leads to damaged relationships with loved ones, difficulty at work, and financial problems. […] These problems can be detrimental to an individuals mental health. […] Seventeen percent of people with a gambling addiction will attempt suicide, he said. Up to 50% will have ideations about suicide.

• #57 Problem gambling – Wikipedia

  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Problem_gambling

  The DSM-IV diagnostic criteria presented as a checklist is an alternative to SOGS, it focuses on the psychological motivations underpinning problem gambling and was developed by the American Psychiatric Association. […] The Problem Gambling Severity Index, which focuses on the harms associated with problem gambling, is composed of nine items from the longer CPGI. […] Gamblers Anonymous (GA) is a commonly used treatment for gambling problems. […] Motivational interviewing is one of the treatments of compulsive gambling. […] Gambling self-exclusion (voluntary exclusion) programs are available in the US, the UK, Canada, Australia, South Africa, France, and other countries. […] Problem gambling is often associated with increased suicidal ideation and attempts compared to the general population.

• #58 FAQs: What is Problem Gambling? – National Council on Problem Gambling

  https://www.ncpgambling.org/help-treatment/faqs-what-is-problem-gambling/

  Generally, people with one addiction are more at risk to develop another. […] 2.5 million U.S. adults (1%) are estimated to meet the criteria for a severe gambling problem in a given year. Another 5-8 million (2-3%) would be considered to have mild or moderate gambling problems; in other words, they do not meet the full diagnostic criteria for gambling disorder but meet one or more of the criteria and are experiencing problems due to their gambling behavior. […] NCPG estimates that the annual national social cost of problem gambling is $14 billion. These costs include gambling-related criminal justice and healthcare spending as well as job loss, bankruptcy, and other consequences.

• #59 Do I have a Gambling Problem? How to assess betting habits – Birches Health

  https://bircheshealth.com/resources/do-i-have-gambling-problem

  Recognizing the warning signs of a Gambling Disorder is essential for prevention and early intervention. […] A psychological diagnosis of Gambling Disorder, classified as a non-substance behavioral addiction by the American Psychiatric Associations Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), requires a thorough assessment by psychologists or licensed counselors. […] The diagnosis involves a nine-item assessment to gauge the severity of the disorder. […] An individual who exhibits 4-5 of the following behaviors within a 12-month period may be diagnosed with a mild gambling disorder, while 6-7 of the criteria met merits a moderate disorder. Lastly, if an individual exhibits 8-9 of the items, it may classify as a severe addiction: […] The good news is that there are effective treatment options available for Gambling Disorder. […] Early diagnosis and intervention are crucial in mitigating the adverse effects of Gambling Disorder and improving the quality of life for affected individuals.

• #60 Compulsive gambling: MedlinePlus Medical EncyclopediaLock

  https://medlineplus.gov/ency/article/001520.htm

  Compulsive gambling is being unable to resist impulses to gamble. This can lead to severe money problems, job loss, crime or fraud, and damage to family relationships. […] A psychiatric evaluation and history can be used to diagnose compulsive gambling. Screening tools such as the Gamblers Anonymous 20 Questions at gamblersanonymous.org/20-questions/ can help with the diagnosis. […] Treatment for people with compulsive gambling begins with recognizing the problem. Compulsive gamblers often deny they have a problem or need treatment. […] Like alcohol or substance use disorder, compulsive gambling is a long-term disorder that tends to get worse without treatment. Even with treatment, it’s common to start gambling again (relapse). However, people with compulsive gambling can do very well with the right treatment. […] Contact your health care provider or mental health professional if you believe you have symptoms of compulsive gambling.

• #61 Compulsive gambling Information | Mount Sinai – New York

  https://www.mountsinai.org/health-library/diseases-conditions/compulsive-gambling

  Compulsive gambling is being unable to resist impulses to gamble. This can lead to severe money problems, job loss, crime or fraud, and damage to family relationships. […] A psychiatric evaluation and history can be used to diagnose compulsive gambling. Screening tools such as the Gamblers Anonymous 20 Questions can help with the diagnosis. […] Treatment for people with compulsive gambling begins with recognizing the problem. Compulsive gamblers often deny they have a problem or need treatment. […] Like alcohol or substance use disorder, compulsive gambling is a long-term disorder that tends to get worse without treatment. Even with treatment, it’s common to start gambling again (relapse). However, people with compulsive gambling can do very well with the right treatment. […] Contact your health care provider or mental health professional if you believe you have symptoms of compulsive gambling. […] Exposure to gambling may increase the risk of developing compulsive gambling. Limiting exposure may be helpful for people who are at risk. Intervention at the earliest signs of compulsive gambling may prevent the disorder from getting worse.

• #62 DSM-5-TR Diagnostic Criteria for Gambling Disorder

  https://www.gatewayfoundation.org/blog/dsm-5-gambling/

  Gambling disorder is a condition that affects millions of people around the world. The fifth edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5-TR) lists the signs, diagnosis criteria, specifications and treatment options for anyone with a gambling disorder. […] The DSM-5-TR definition of gambling disorder describes the condition as a persistent and problematic gambling behavior pattern leading to significant distress or impairment. The manual provides a standardized set of diagnostic criteria for various mental disorders, including problematic gambling. To receive a diagnosis of gambling disorder, an individual must meet at least four of these criteria within a 12-month period: […] The DSM-5-TR diagnostic criteria for gambling disorder provide a standardized framework for professionals to identify and diagnose individuals experiencing significant gambling-related problems. Accurate diagnosis is crucial for appropriate treatment planning and interventions to help individuals overcome the challenges associated with gambling disorder.

• #63 Gambling Addiction Test – Free Confidential Results Online | Mind Diagnostics

  https://www.mind-diagnostics.org/gambling_addiction-test

  Gambling addiction, also known as compulsive gambling or gambling disorder, is a progressive condition classified as an impulse-control disorder. […] Diagnosing gambling addiction involves a thorough evaluation by a mental health professional. […] The DSM-5 provides specific criteria for gambling disorder, including the inability to control gambling behaviors despite adverse consequences and the presence of symptoms such as preoccupation, chasing losses, and withdrawal-like feelings when attempting to stop. […] Effective treatment for gambling addiction begins with recognizing the problem and seeking professional help. […] Knowing when to seek help for gambling addiction can make all the difference in preventing further harm. […] Left untreated, gambling addiction can lead to severe consequences, including financial ruin, emotional distress, and social isolation.

• #64 DSM-5-TR Diagnostic Criteria for Gambling Disorder

  https://www.gatewayfoundation.org/blog/dsm-5-gambling/

  Gambling disorder is a condition that affects millions of people around the world. The fifth edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5-TR) lists the signs, diagnosis criteria, specifications and treatment options for anyone with a gambling disorder. […] The DSM-5-TR definition of gambling disorder describes the condition as a persistent and problematic gambling behavior pattern leading to significant distress or impairment. The manual provides a standardized set of diagnostic criteria for various mental disorders, including problematic gambling. To receive a diagnosis of gambling disorder, an individual must meet at least four of these criteria within a 12-month period: […] The DSM-5-TR diagnostic criteria for gambling disorder provide a standardized framework for professionals to identify and diagnose individuals experiencing significant gambling-related problems. Accurate diagnosis is crucial for appropriate treatment planning and interventions to help individuals overcome the challenges associated with gambling disorder.

• #65 Compulsive gambling: MedlinePlus Medical EncyclopediaLock

  https://medlineplus.gov/ency/article/001520.htm

  Compulsive gambling is being unable to resist impulses to gamble. This can lead to severe money problems, job loss, crime or fraud, and damage to family relationships. […] A psychiatric evaluation and history can be used to diagnose compulsive gambling. Screening tools such as the Gamblers Anonymous 20 Questions at gamblersanonymous.org/20-questions/ can help with the diagnosis. […] Treatment for people with compulsive gambling begins with recognizing the problem. Compulsive gamblers often deny they have a problem or need treatment. […] Like alcohol or substance use disorder, compulsive gambling is a long-term disorder that tends to get worse without treatment. Even with treatment, it’s common to start gambling again (relapse). However, people with compulsive gambling can do very well with the right treatment. […] Contact your health care provider or mental health professional if you believe you have symptoms of compulsive gambling.

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