Materiały źródłowe

• #1 Synovial Sarcoma: Practice Essentials, Pathophysiology, Etiology

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1257131-overview

  Synovial sarcoma (also referred to as synovial cell sarcoma) is one of the most common soft-tissue tumors in adolescents and young patients, with approximately one third of cases occurring in the first two decades of life. Mean age of patients at diagnosis is approximately 30 years. […] Surgical excision is still the cornerstone of treatment. There are no contraindications for surgical treatment, which is potentially life-saving. There is, however, a relative contraindication for treating these patients in primary centers; early referral to tertiary centers for definitive treatment is preferred. Radiation therapy (RT) is usually required in addition to surgery. […] Survival rates have improved in the past few decades because of treatment with primary radical surgery, along with chemotherapy and RT. […] A slight improvement in survival rate has been reported with the use of chemotherapy as adjuvant therapy. […] The addition of chemotherapy to postoperative RT was not found to improve survival or disease control.

• #2

  https://www.orthobullets.com/pathology/8052/synovial-sarcoma

  Synovial Sarcoma is a malignant, soft tissue sarcoma caused by a t(X;18) chromosomal translocation mutation ( SS18:SSX fusion protein) most commonly found near joints but rarely within the joint. […] Treatment is usually wide surgical excision with perioperative radiation. […] Operative wide surgical resection with perioperative radiotherapy is the standard of care in most patients. […] Chemotherapy data suggests that chemotherapy may improve both local control and overall survival, but routine use is limited and there is no consensus for regimen or timing of chemotherapy. […] Overall prognosis is poor; 5 year survival is approximately 50-60% and 10 year survival is approximately 25%. […] Prognostic factors include size, grade, location, patient age, and surgical margins. […] SYT-SSX fusion type is the most important prognostic factor, with SYT-SSX2 associated with better survival.

• #3 Synovial Sarcoma | Norton Children’s

  https://nortonchildrens.com/services/cancer/conditions/sarcoma/synovial-sarcoma/

  Synovial sarcoma, also called malignant synovioma, typically develops near joints in the wrist or ankle. It is a rare cancer and is considered aggressive because it can grow quickly and spread to other parts of the body. […] Rare and complicated cancers in children require experienced and skilled oncologists. Consulting with a pediatric cancer specialist offers the best opportunity for early diagnosis and successful treatment. […] Treatment involves surgically removing the tumor. Radiation therapy may be used before surgery to shrink the tumor or after surgery to attack any remaining cells. If synovial sarcoma cannot be completely removed surgically or has spread, chemotherapy likely will be needed to attack the cancer. […] Synovial sarcoma has the best chance of being cured when it’s treated by pediatric cancer specialists. Young adults may benefit from treatment at a children’s hospital instead of an adult-service hospital because of the care team’s expertise in childhood diseases.

• #4 Synovial Sarcoma Treatment & Management: Approach Considerations, Chemotherapy, Surgical Therapy

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1257131-treatment

  There are no contraindications for surgical treatment of synovial sarcoma (also referred to as synovial cell sarcoma), which is potentially life-saving. There is a relative contraindication for treating these patients in primary centers. Early referral to tertiary centers for definitive treatment must be preferred. Ideally, treatment should be performed by a multidisciplinary team with personnel experienced in the management of soft-tissue sarcomas. […] Surgical excision is still the cornerstone of treatment for synovial sarcoma. A tumor-free margin of 1-3 cm is recommended. Maximal care must be taken to reduce the risk of local recurrence. Careful preoperative planning is essential. Because of the tumor’s predilection for the popliteal fossa, limb salvage may not be possible, because of the proximity of the neurovascular structures.

• #5 9 synovial sarcoma questions, answered | MD Anderson Cancer Center

  https://www.mdanderson.org/cancerwise/synovial-sarcoma.h00-159068712.html

  Most synovial sarcoma patients discover their tumor from a lump, and for some, related pain. Its important to see a doctor if you find a lump or have persistent, unprovoked pain in a soft tissue, such as the muscle of an extremity or from within your abdomen. Synovial sarcoma may also occur in the lungs, so see your doctor if you notice shortness of breath. […] Do your research. If possible, see a doctor who specializes in sarcoma and works at a cancer center that has surgeons, radiation oncologists and pathologists who also specialize in sarcoma. The first surgery to remove a synovial sarcoma tumor may determine a patients prognosis. If the diagnosis was made after the tumor was removed, make sure the doctors got all the cancer out. If youre still not confident, get a second opinion. […] At present, surgery is the most effective treatment, but radiation and chemotherapy may extend the time before recurrence and metastasis when used in conjunction with surgery.

• #6 Synovial Sarcoma Treatment | St. Jude Care & Treatment

  https://www.stjude.org/care-treatment/treatment/childhood-cancer/solid-tumors/synovial-sarcoma.html

  St. Jude provides the highest quality of care for patients with synovial sarcoma: […] St. Jude has a special team of experts who perform limb-sparing surgery in children with synovial sarcoma if needed. […] St. Jude offers a dedicated team of specialists to meet the needs of children with cancer, including: Surgeons, doctors, and nurses who treat this cancer. […] The nurse-to-patient ratio at St. Jude is about 1:3 in hematology and oncology and 1:1 in the Intensive Care Unit. […] Patients may be able to get expert, compassionate care and treatment closer to their homes through the St. Jude Affiliate Program.

• #7 Childhood Synovial Sarcoma | Dana-Farber Cancer Institute

  https://www.dana-farber.org/cancer-care/types/childhood-synovial-sarcoma

  Children diagnosed with synovial sarcoma receive care at Dana-Farber/Boston Children’s Cancer and Blood Disorders Center through our dedicated Bone and Soft Tissue Tumors Program. This comprehensive pediatric oncology service seamlessly combines the exceptional knowledge of a leading cancer center with a renowned, world-class children’s hospital. Within this specialized program, we provide a complete array of treatment options for bone and soft tissue tumors, with our accomplished solid tumor treatment team working with you to decide the best approach for your child’s needs. […] Our esteemed pediatric oncologists not only have access to but also take the lead in pioneering cutting-edge clinical trials tailored for synovial sarcoma. Our surgeons are very experienced in the management of synovial sarcoma, and moreover, our radiation oncologists are equipped with the latest advancements in radiation therapy techniques, enhancing the potential care avenues for children affected by synovial sarcoma. […] The Dana-Farber/Boston Children’s solid tumor treatment team includes childhood soft tissue sarcoma specialists who understand how to care for children with synovial sarcoma. We will work together to diagnose and treat your child with the latest, most effective options possible.

• #8

  https://atriumhealth.org/medical-services/childrens-services/childrens-specialty-care/pediatric-cancer-and-blood-disorders/bone-and-soft-tissue-sarcomas

  Synovial sarcoma A rare soft tissue sarcoma that usually starts near joints and tendons in a childs arms and legs […] At Levine Childrens, your child sees a team of pediatric specialists who are on a mission to help them overcome cancer and the stress and changes that go with it. Our care team includes surgeons, orthopedic oncologists, radiation oncologists, child psychologists and other experts. We also pair each family with a nurse navigator who helps with everything from scheduling appointments to understanding treatment plans. […] We offer leading-edge treatments including: Surgery to remove cancerous tissue. Our pediatric surgeons use special techniques to preserve healthy tissue around the cancers they take out. […] Chemotherapy, or medicine that can shrink tumors and kill cancer cells. We offer outpatient chemotherapy to as many children as possible. This lets them receive chemotherapy in the comfort of their own homes. Orthopedic oncologists, doctors who specialize in treating bone and soft tissue cancers, are also highly involved in surgery and chemotherapy, ensuring kids get the best possible care. […] Radiation therapy, where doctors use high-energy rays to destroy cancer cells. We often use radiation therapy to shrink a tumor before surgery or to try to keep cancer from coming back after surgery.

• #9 Synovial sarcoma

  https://www.mymlc.com/health-information/diseases-and-conditions/s/synovial-sarcoma/?section=Overview

  Surgery is the mainstay of treatment for synovial sarcoma. The goal is to remove the cancer and a margin of healthy tissue around it. This can sometimes mean the removal of an entire muscle or muscle group, or even amputation. […] To decrease the chances of recurrence, your doctor might suggest a regimen of radiation therapy or chemotherapy in addition to surgery.

• #10 Frontiers | Primary synovial sarcoma of the thyroid gland: a CARE compliant case report and literature review

  https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/medicine/articles/10.3389/fmed.2023.1158334/full

  1. Synovial sarcoma is a subtype of soft tissue sarcoma, which is extremely rare in the thyroid gland. PSST showed rapid disease progression and a relatively poor prognosis. However, diagnosis and therapy are challenging. […] 2. Complete surgical excision and postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy are usually the typical therapeutic regimen for PSST. […] 3. PSST is difficult to be diagnosed by preoperative evaluation, even FNA. PSST was occasionally misdiagnosed as a benign thyroid tumor. Surgeons should raise their awareness when encountering rapidly growing, cystic-solid mixed thyroid mass with neck compression symptoms. […] 4. The initial surgery of PSST is of vital importance. Surgeons should avoid capsular rupture and effusion of necrotic during surgery. Intraoperative frozen section pathology should be performed when necessary. Postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy should be scheduled for reduced recurrence and prolonged survival time.

• #11 Synovial sarcoma – Overview of Information and Clinical Research

  https://clinicaltrials.eu/disease/synovial-sarcoma/

  Surgery is the primary and most effective treatment for synovial sarcoma, a rare type of cancer that typically affects the soft tissues around joints. The main goal of surgical intervention is to completely remove the tumor along with a margin of healthy tissue to ensure no cancer cells are left behind. This approach is crucial as it significantly increases the chances of survival and reduces the risk of recurrence. The extent of surgery depends on the tumor’s size and location, and in some cases, it may involve removing an entire muscle or muscle group. […] To improve surgical outcomes and minimize the risk of cancer returning, additional treatments such as radiation therapy and chemotherapy are often employed. Radiation therapy, which uses high-energy rays to kill cancer cells, can be administered before surgery to shrink the tumor or after surgery to eliminate any remaining cancer cells. Chemotherapy, involving powerful drugs to kill or stop the growth of cancer cells, is particularly recommended for larger tumors or those that have metastasized.

• #12 Synovial Sarcoma | Cancer Care and Oncology | Bon Secours

  https://www.bonsecours.com/health-care-services/cancer-care-oncology/conditions/synovial-sarcoma

  Synovial sarcoma is a soft tissue cancer that can affect the leg, arm or throat. […] Treatment for synovial sarcoma may include surgery, chemotherapy and/or radiation therapy. […] Depending on your personal health history, the extent of the synovial sarcoma and other factors, your oncologist may recommend one or more of the following treatment options: […] You may need to undergo surgery to remove the cancerous area. Your surgeon will work to preserve as much surrounding healthy tissue as possible. […] You may also need to undergo chemotherapy to destroy any cancerous cells that couldn’t be removed surgically. […] This treatment uses high-powered energy beams to destroy cancerous cells. You may need to undergo radiation therapy to destroy any cancerous cells that couldn’t be removed surgically.

• #13 Synovial Sarcoma | Boston Children’s Hospital

  https://www.childrenshospital.org/conditions/synovial-sarcoma

  Children diagnosed with synovial sarcoma are treated at Dana-Farber/Boston Children’s Cancer and Blood Disorders Center through our Bone and Soft Tissue Tumors Program. Our integrated pediatric oncology service offers in one specialized program the combined expertise of a leading cancer center and a world-renowned childrens hospital. We provide the full set of options that can be used to treat bone and soft tissue tumors, and our solid tumor treatment team can help you determine which option is best for your child. […] Our pediatric oncologists have access to, and even lead, the most innovative clinical trials for synovial sarcoma. Our surgeons have specialized expertise in complex surgeries, including limb-salvage surgery and rotationplasty, which may be used to treat synovial sarcoma. Our radiation oncologists have access to the newest radiation therapy techniques that may also be used in the care of a child with synovial sarcoma.

• #14 Synovial Sarcoma | Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center

  https://www.mskcc.org/cancer-care/types/soft-tissue-sarcoma/types/synovial-sarcoma

  Synovial sarcoma is a rare cancer that is more commonly diagnosed in people under 40. It is a form of soft tissue sarcoma. […] It is very important to receive a diagnosis from a team of doctors that is highly experienced in the diagnosis and treatment of soft tissue sarcoma. There are more than 80 subtypes of soft tissue sarcoma, so it can be a difficult disease to diagnose. Getting the correct evaluation and diagnosis is the first step to being cured. […] The main treatment is surgery to remove the synovial sarcoma. The surgery thats right for you depends on the exact size and location of the tumor. […] Your doctor may also recommend radiation, chemotherapy, or other drug therapies. These treatments can help prevent the tumor from coming back. […] For synovial sarcoma that has come back after initial treatment, the soft tissue sarcoma experts at MSK may be able to offer surgery, chemotherapy, or a new treatment approach called immunotherapy.

• #15 Nursing management of soft tissue sarcomas of the extremities – PubMed

  https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10703323/

  Soft tissue sarcomas of the extremities are uncommon malignancies that require combined modality treatment. Treatments include extensive surgical procedures, usually radiation therapy, and, in some cases, chemotherapy. Nursing care requires an understanding of surgical and reconstructive procedures, brachytherapy implants, radiation safety regulations, and chemotherapeutic agents. The combination of extensive surgery and radiation has greatly reduced the need for amputation, but the complexity of the treatments requires skilled and knowledgeable nursing care.

• #16 Child’s problems with Synovial Sarcoma – case study

  https://sciendo.com/article/10.1515/pielxxiw-2016-0010

  In order to analyze care problems of a child with malignant tumor, we present the case of a girl with Synovial Sarcoma who was diagnosed after a year and a half since the first symptoms have occurred. […] Problems of the child diagnosed with cancer are significantly associated with somatic symptoms of the disease such as pain, or complications of chemotherapy. Equally important are the issues related to child mental sphere. A difficult problem is anxiety and impaired sense of security, particularly in cases when the diagnosis process is very long.

• #17 Synovial Sarcoma Treatment & Management: Approach Considerations, Chemotherapy, Surgical Therapy

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1257131-treatment

  Follow-up involves clinical examination, MRI of the surgical site, and CT of the chest. After surgical treatment, the authors recommend MRI, CT, and a patient review every 3-6 months for the first 2 years and then every 6 months for the next 3 years. Most recurrent metastatic disease develops within the first 2 years, but late recurrence has been documented.

• #18 Synovial sarcoma – Overview of Information and Clinical Research

  https://clinicaltrials.eu/disease/synovial-sarcoma/

  Given the potential for synovial sarcoma to recur, sometimes many years after initial treatment, regular follow-up care is essential. This typically involves clinical examinations, MRI scans of the surgical site, and CT scans of the chest every 3-6 months for the first two years, followed by every six months for the next three years. Close monitoring allows for early detection and treatment of any recurrence, improving the chances of successful management. […] Living with synovial sarcoma involves regular monitoring and follow-up care to detect any recurrence early. Patients are encouraged to maintain a healthy lifestyle and stay informed about their condition. It’s important to have open communication with healthcare providers to understand the implications of survival statistics and how they relate to personal health.

• #19 9 synovial sarcoma questions, answered | MD Anderson Cancer Center

  https://www.mdanderson.org/cancerwise/synovial-sarcoma.h00-159068712.html

  Synovial sarcoma can be inactive for a long time before it grows again to a size that can be detected by a scan. So make sure you continue to get your regular scans and follow-ups with your doctor, even if youve had no evidence of disease for many years. That way, if your cancer does return, we can find it as early as possible, when its more treatable.

• #20 Supportive care for soft tissue sarcoma | Canadian Cancer Society

  https://cancer.ca/en/cancer-information/cancer-types/soft-tissue-sarcoma/supportive-care

  Supportive care helps people meet the physical, practical, emotional and spiritual challenges of soft tissue sarcoma. It is an important part of cancer care. There are many programs and services available to help meet the needs and improve the quality of life of people living with cancer and their loved ones, especially after treatment has ended. […] Rehabilitation is an important part of soft tissue sarcoma treatment and recovery. Learn about rehabilitation after surgery and radiation therapy.

• #21 Synovial sarcoma – Overview of Information and Clinical Research

  https://clinicaltrials.eu/disease/synovial-sarcoma/

  Each patient’s experience with synovial sarcoma is unique, and personalized care is crucial. Factors such as the stage of cancer at diagnosis, response to treatment, and individual health conditions play a significant role in determining the best approach to care. Support from healthcare teams, family, and support groups can provide emotional and practical assistance throughout the journey.

• #22 Marisa’s Stage 4 Synovial Sarcoma Story – The Patient Story | For Cancer Patients & Caregivers

  https://thepatientstory.com/patient-stories/sarcoma/soft-tissue/synovial/marisa-c/

  Marisa emphasizes the importance of self-advocacy in health care, urging others to trust their instincts and pursue answers when something feels wrong. […] She shares her story to provide hope to others battling sarcoma or cancer. […] She aims to raise awareness about the disease and inspire others with her determination to live fully, even while managing ongoing health challenges. […] Her message is clear: life with stage 4 cancer is not the end—it’s an opportunity to cherish each moment and look forward to advancements in medical science.

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