Materiały źródłowe

• #1

  https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11060-010-0386-3

  Although most meningiomas are encapsulated and benign tumors with limited numbers of genetic aberrations, their intracranial location often leads to serious and potentially lethal consequences. They are the most frequently diagnosed primary brain tumor accounting for 33.8% of all primary brain and central nervous system tumors reported in the United States between 2002 and 2006. […] The prevalence of pathologically-confirmed meningioma is estimated to be approximately 97.5/100,000 in the United States with over 170,000 individuals currently diagnosed with this tumor. […] Data from the Central Brain Tumor Registry of the United States (CBTRUS) demonstrates a more than twofold higher incidence among females [age-adjusted incidence rate (per 100,000 person years) of 8.36 and 3.61 for females and males, respectively].

• #2 Meningioma: A Review of Epidemiology, Pathology, Diagnosis, Treatment, and Future Directions

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8004084/

  Meningiomas comprises 37.6% of all primary CNS tumors and 53.3% of all benign CNS tumors. […] The incidence of meningiomas increases with age, with the median age at diagnosis being 66 years old. […] The incidence rate in patients age 40+ years is 18.69/100,000 and in age 0-19 years it is 0.16/100,000. […] In patients age 40+ years, age 15-39 years, and age 0-14 years, meningiomas make up 43.6%, 15.6%, and 1.7% of all CNS tumors, respectively. […] Benign and malignant meningiomas are more common in females, with incidence rate ratios of 2.33 and 1.12, respectively. […] Children most often have higher grade meningioma with a higher risk of recurrence and decreased overall mortality. […] Benign and malignant meningiomas were also more common in Black people versus Whites people, with incidence ratios of 1.18 and 1.52, respectively. […] At autopsy, incidental meningiomas were usually found in 23% of patients.

• #3 Meningioma: A Review of Epidemiology, Pathology, Diagnosis, Treatment, and Future Directions

  https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9059/9/3/319

  Meningiomas are the most common intracranial tumor, making up more than a third of all primary central nervous system (CNS) tumors. […] Meningiomas comprises 37.6% of all primary CNS tumors and 53.3% of all benign CNS tumors. […] The incidence of meningiomas increases with age, with the median age at diagnosis being 66 years old. […] The incidence rate in patients age 40+ years is 18.69/100,000 and in age 0–19 years it is 0.16/100,000. […] In patients age 40+ years, age 15–39 years, and age 0–14 years, meningiomas make up 43.6%, 15.6%, and 1.7% of all CNS tumors, respectively. […] Benign and malignant meningiomas are more common in females, with incidence rate ratios of 2.33 and 1.12, respectively. […] At autopsy, incidental meningiomas were usually found in 2–3% of patients.

• #4 Meningioma: A Review of Epidemiology, Pathology, Diagnosis, Treatment, and Future Directions

  https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9059/9/3/319

  Meningiomas are the most common intracranial tumor, making up more than a third of all primary central nervous system (CNS) tumors. […] Meningiomas comprises 37.6% of all primary CNS tumors and 53.3% of all benign CNS tumors. […] The incidence of meningiomas increases with age, with the median age at diagnosis being 66 years old. […] The incidence rate in patients age 40+ years is 18.69/100,000 and in age 0–19 years it is 0.16/100,000. […] In patients age 40+ years, age 15–39 years, and age 0–14 years, meningiomas make up 43.6%, 15.6%, and 1.7% of all CNS tumors, respectively. […] Benign and malignant meningiomas are more common in females, with incidence rate ratios of 2.33 and 1.12, respectively. […] At autopsy, incidental meningiomas were usually found in 2–3% of patients.

• #5

  https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11060-010-0386-3

  Although most meningiomas are encapsulated and benign tumors with limited numbers of genetic aberrations, their intracranial location often leads to serious and potentially lethal consequences. They are the most frequently diagnosed primary brain tumor accounting for 33.8% of all primary brain and central nervous system tumors reported in the United States between 2002 and 2006. […] The prevalence of pathologically-confirmed meningioma is estimated to be approximately 97.5/100,000 in the United States with over 170,000 individuals currently diagnosed with this tumor. […] Data from the Central Brain Tumor Registry of the United States (CBTRUS) demonstrates a more than twofold higher incidence among females [age-adjusted incidence rate (per 100,000 person years) of 8.36 and 3.61 for females and males, respectively].

• #6 Meningioma: Practice Essentials, Background, Pathophysiology

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1156552-overview

  The annual incidence of symptomatic meningiomas is approximately 2 cases per 100,000 individuals. Meningiomas account for approximately 20% of all primary intracranial neoplasms. However, the true prevalence is likely higher than this because autopsy studies reveal that 2.3% of individuals have undiagnosed asymptomatic meningiomas. Meningiomas are multiple in 5-40% of cases, particularly when they associated with neurofibromatosis type 2 (NF2). Familial meningiomas are rare unless associated with NF2. […] The frequency of meningiomas in Africa is nearly 30% of all primary intracranial tumors. […] Mortality and morbidity rates for meningiomas are difficult to assess. Some meningiomas are discovered fortuitously when CT or MRI is done to assess for unrelated diseases or conditions. Therefore, some patients die with meningioma and not from it. Estimates of the 5-year survival usually range from 73-94%.

• #7 Epidemiology and Natural History of Meningiomas | Neupsy Key

  https://neupsykey.com/epidemiology-and-natural-history-of-meningiomas/

  CHAPTER 4 Epidemiology and Natural History of Meningiomas […] In this chapter, we (1) provide descriptive data on the impact of meningiomas; (2) describe the natural history of these tumors; and (3) review risk and protective factors. […] We obtained descriptive statistics from articles identified through PubMed key word searches combining meningioma/s with incidence, prevalence, survival, recurrence, and descriptive epidemiology, and from the most recent report of the Central Brain Tumor Registry of the United States (CBTRUS) that is based on voluntary reporting by 18 registries from 1998 to 2002. […] By histology, meningiomas were the most frequent primary brain and central nervous system (CNS) tumors reported to CBTRUS between 1998 and 2002, accounting for 19,190 (30.1%) of all 63,698 tumors reported. […] CBTRUS rates per 100,000 person years, age-adjusted to the 2000 U.S. standard population, demonstrated an overall meningioma incidence rate of 4.52. […] Meningiomas are uncommon in children, accounting for approximately 3% of all childhood tumors; their incidence increases linearly with age.

• #8

  https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11060-010-0386-3

  Although most meningiomas are encapsulated and benign tumors with limited numbers of genetic aberrations, their intracranial location often leads to serious and potentially lethal consequences. They are the most frequently diagnosed primary brain tumor accounting for 33.8% of all primary brain and central nervous system tumors reported in the United States between 2002 and 2006. […] The prevalence of pathologically-confirmed meningioma is estimated to be approximately 97.5/100,000 in the United States with over 170,000 individuals currently diagnosed with this tumor. […] Data from the Central Brain Tumor Registry of the United States (CBTRUS) demonstrates a more than twofold higher incidence among females [age-adjusted incidence rate (per 100,000 person years) of 8.36 and 3.61 for females and males, respectively].

• #9 Meningioma epidemiology and demographics – wikidoc

  https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Meningioma_epidemiology_and_demographics

  The prevalence of meningioma is estimated to be 97.5 cases per 100,000 individuals in the United States. The incidence of meningioma is approximately 7.62 per 100,000 individuals in the United States. Meningiomas may appear at any age, but are most commonly noticed among patients older than 50 years of age. Females are more commonly affected with meningiomas than males, with a ratio of about 2:1. Meningioma usually affects individuals of the African American race. Caucasian and Latin American individuals are less likely to develop meningioma. […] The incidence of meningiomas annually is approximately 7.62 per 100,000 individuals in the United States. The incidence of benign meningiomas is about 7.18, about 0.32 for borderline malignant meningiomas, and about 0.12 for malignant meningiomas.

• #10 External validation and recalibration of an incidental meningioma prognostic model – IMPACT: protocol for an international multicentre retrospective cohort study | BMJ Open

  https://bmjopen.bmj.com/content/12/1/e052705

  Meningiomas have the highest incidence rate among all primary central nervous system tumours. Descriptive studies from Europe and North America suggest this rate is between 4.20 and 8.58 per 100 000 individuals. […] Meningiomas comprise 15% of incidental findings on brain MRI and have a prevalence of 3 per 1000. […] A recent study of the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database demonstrated a substantial increase in the detection of smaller, incidental tumours; between 2004 and 2012, the proportion of meningiomas 1 cm in diameter, diagnosed in a given year, increased in a linear fashion from 6% to 11%. […] International consensus guidelines by the European Association of Neuro-Oncology and National Comprehensive Cancer Network suggest active monitoring with MRI as first line for managing these tumours, but data to advise on the optimal follow-up duration and screening intervals are currently lacking.

• #11 Meningioma epidemiology and demographics – wikidoc

  https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Meningioma_epidemiology_and_demographics

  The prevalence of meningioma is estimated to be 97.5 cases per 100,000 individuals in the United States. The incidence of meningioma is approximately 7.62 per 100,000 individuals in the United States. Meningiomas may appear at any age, but are most commonly noticed among patients older than 50 years of age. Females are more commonly affected with meningiomas than males, with a ratio of about 2:1. Meningioma usually affects individuals of the African American race. Caucasian and Latin American individuals are less likely to develop meningioma. […] The incidence of meningiomas annually is approximately 7.62 per 100,000 individuals in the United States. The incidence of benign meningiomas is about 7.18, about 0.32 for borderline malignant meningiomas, and about 0.12 for malignant meningiomas.

• #12 Meningioma: A Review of Epidemiology, Pathology, Diagnosis, Treatment, and Future Directions

  https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9059/9/3/319

  Meningiomas are the most common intracranial tumor, making up more than a third of all primary central nervous system (CNS) tumors. […] Meningiomas comprises 37.6% of all primary CNS tumors and 53.3% of all benign CNS tumors. […] The incidence of meningiomas increases with age, with the median age at diagnosis being 66 years old. […] The incidence rate in patients age 40+ years is 18.69/100,000 and in age 0–19 years it is 0.16/100,000. […] In patients age 40+ years, age 15–39 years, and age 0–14 years, meningiomas make up 43.6%, 15.6%, and 1.7% of all CNS tumors, respectively. […] Benign and malignant meningiomas are more common in females, with incidence rate ratios of 2.33 and 1.12, respectively. […] At autopsy, incidental meningiomas were usually found in 2–3% of patients.

• #14 Meningioma: Practice Essentials, Background, Pathophysiology

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1156552-overview

  The female preponderance may be less pronounced in the black population than in other groups. […] The incidence increases with age. Ages and corresponding incidence rates reported from 2002 are as follows: Age 0-19 years – 0.12, Age 20-34 years – 0.74, Age 35-44 years – 2.62, Age 45-54 years – 4.89, Age 55-64 years – 7.89, Age 65-74 years – 12.79, Age 75-84 years – 17.04, Age 85 years and older – 18.86.

• #15 Meningioma: A Review of Epidemiology, Pathology, Diagnosis, Treatment, and Future Directions

  https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9059/9/3/319

  Meningiomas are the most common intracranial tumor, making up more than a third of all primary central nervous system (CNS) tumors. […] Meningiomas comprises 37.6% of all primary CNS tumors and 53.3% of all benign CNS tumors. […] The incidence of meningiomas increases with age, with the median age at diagnosis being 66 years old. […] The incidence rate in patients age 40+ years is 18.69/100,000 and in age 0–19 years it is 0.16/100,000. […] In patients age 40+ years, age 15–39 years, and age 0–14 years, meningiomas make up 43.6%, 15.6%, and 1.7% of all CNS tumors, respectively. […] Benign and malignant meningiomas are more common in females, with incidence rate ratios of 2.33 and 1.12, respectively. […] At autopsy, incidental meningiomas were usually found in 2–3% of patients.

• #16 Meningioma epidemiology and demographics – wikidoc

  https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Meningioma_epidemiology_and_demographics

  Meningiomas can occur at any age but is mostly seen with advancing age. […] It is commonly seen between the ages of 40 to 60 and is more common in postmenopausal women. […] In childhood and adolescence, meningiomas account for about 1.5% of brain tumors. […] Females are more commonly affected with meningiomas than males. […] The incidence of meningioma among females is approximately 8.36 per 100,000 individuals in the United States, with that of males being 3.61 per 100,000 individuals. […] Meningioma usually affects individuals of the black race. Caucasian and Latin American individuals are less likely to develop meningioma.

• #17 Epidemiology and Natural History of Meningiomas | Neupsy Key

  https://neupsykey.com/epidemiology-and-natural-history-of-meningiomas/

  CHAPTER 4 Epidemiology and Natural History of Meningiomas […] In this chapter, we (1) provide descriptive data on the impact of meningiomas; (2) describe the natural history of these tumors; and (3) review risk and protective factors. […] We obtained descriptive statistics from articles identified through PubMed key word searches combining meningioma/s with incidence, prevalence, survival, recurrence, and descriptive epidemiology, and from the most recent report of the Central Brain Tumor Registry of the United States (CBTRUS) that is based on voluntary reporting by 18 registries from 1998 to 2002. […] By histology, meningiomas were the most frequent primary brain and central nervous system (CNS) tumors reported to CBTRUS between 1998 and 2002, accounting for 19,190 (30.1%) of all 63,698 tumors reported. […] CBTRUS rates per 100,000 person years, age-adjusted to the 2000 U.S. standard population, demonstrated an overall meningioma incidence rate of 4.52. […] Meningiomas are uncommon in children, accounting for approximately 3% of all childhood tumors; their incidence increases linearly with age.

• #18

  https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11060-010-0386-3

  Although most meningiomas are encapsulated and benign tumors with limited numbers of genetic aberrations, their intracranial location often leads to serious and potentially lethal consequences. They are the most frequently diagnosed primary brain tumor accounting for 33.8% of all primary brain and central nervous system tumors reported in the United States between 2002 and 2006. […] The prevalence of pathologically-confirmed meningioma is estimated to be approximately 97.5/100,000 in the United States with over 170,000 individuals currently diagnosed with this tumor. […] Data from the Central Brain Tumor Registry of the United States (CBTRUS) demonstrates a more than twofold higher incidence among females [age-adjusted incidence rate (per 100,000 person years) of 8.36 and 3.61 for females and males, respectively].

• #19 Meningioma: Practice Essentials, Background, Pathophysiology

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1156552-overview

  A systematic review of the literature regarding the clinical behavior of small, untreated meningiomas suggests that most meningiomas 2.5 cm or less in diameter do not proceed to cause symptoms in the 5 years following their discovery. Patients with tumors 2.5-3 cm in initial size went on to develop new or worsened symptoms 17% of the time. Those that do cause symptoms can usually be predicted with close radiographic follow-up. […] Meningiomas usually grow slowly, and they may produce severe morbidity before causing death. […] Meningiomas are more prevalent in Africa than in North America or Europe. In Los Angeles County, meningioma is reported more commonly in African Americans than in others. […] Meningiomas afflict women more often than men. The male-to-female ratio ranges from 1:1.4 to 1:2.8.

• #20 Meningioma: Practice Essentials, Background, Pathophysiology

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1156552-overview

  A systematic review of the literature regarding the clinical behavior of small, untreated meningiomas suggests that most meningiomas 2.5 cm or less in diameter do not proceed to cause symptoms in the 5 years following their discovery. Patients with tumors 2.5-3 cm in initial size went on to develop new or worsened symptoms 17% of the time. Those that do cause symptoms can usually be predicted with close radiographic follow-up. […] Meningiomas usually grow slowly, and they may produce severe morbidity before causing death. […] Meningiomas are more prevalent in Africa than in North America or Europe. In Los Angeles County, meningioma is reported more commonly in African Americans than in others. […] Meningiomas afflict women more often than men. The male-to-female ratio ranges from 1:1.4 to 1:2.8.

• #21 Meningioma epidemiology and demographics – wikidoc

  https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Meningioma_epidemiology_and_demographics

  Meningiomas can occur at any age but is mostly seen with advancing age. […] It is commonly seen between the ages of 40 to 60 and is more common in postmenopausal women. […] In childhood and adolescence, meningiomas account for about 1.5% of brain tumors. […] Females are more commonly affected with meningiomas than males. […] The incidence of meningioma among females is approximately 8.36 per 100,000 individuals in the United States, with that of males being 3.61 per 100,000 individuals. […] Meningioma usually affects individuals of the black race. Caucasian and Latin American individuals are less likely to develop meningioma.

• #22 Meningioma | Radiology Reference Article | Radiopaedia.org

  https://radiopaedia.org/articles/meningioma?lang=us

  Meningiomas are more common in women, with a ratio of 2:1 intracranially and 4:1 in the spine. Atypical and malignant meningiomas are slightly more common in males. They are uncommon in patients before the age of 40 and should raise suspicion of neurofibromatosis type 2 when found in young patients. […] Meningiomas are thought to arise from meningocytes or arachnoid cap cells, which themselves arise from pluripotent mesenchymal progenitor cells, which accounts for the unusual location of primary extradural tumors. […] Although the majority of tumors are sporadic, they are also seen in the setting of previous cranial irradiation and of course in patients with neurofibromatosis type 2 (Merlin gene on Chromosome 22). Additionally, meningiomas demonstrate estrogen and progesterone sensitivity and may grow during pregnancy.

• #23 Meningioma: A Review of Epidemiology, Pathology, Diagnosis, Treatment, and Future Directions

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8004084/

  Meningiomas comprises 37.6% of all primary CNS tumors and 53.3% of all benign CNS tumors. […] The incidence of meningiomas increases with age, with the median age at diagnosis being 66 years old. […] The incidence rate in patients age 40+ years is 18.69/100,000 and in age 0-19 years it is 0.16/100,000. […] In patients age 40+ years, age 15-39 years, and age 0-14 years, meningiomas make up 43.6%, 15.6%, and 1.7% of all CNS tumors, respectively. […] Benign and malignant meningiomas are more common in females, with incidence rate ratios of 2.33 and 1.12, respectively. […] Children most often have higher grade meningioma with a higher risk of recurrence and decreased overall mortality. […] Benign and malignant meningiomas were also more common in Black people versus Whites people, with incidence ratios of 1.18 and 1.52, respectively. […] At autopsy, incidental meningiomas were usually found in 23% of patients.

• #24 Meningioma | Radiology Reference Article | Radiopaedia.org

  https://radiopaedia.org/articles/meningioma?lang=us

  Meningiomas are more common in women, with a ratio of 2:1 intracranially and 4:1 in the spine. Atypical and malignant meningiomas are slightly more common in males. They are uncommon in patients before the age of 40 and should raise suspicion of neurofibromatosis type 2 when found in young patients. […] Meningiomas are thought to arise from meningocytes or arachnoid cap cells, which themselves arise from pluripotent mesenchymal progenitor cells, which accounts for the unusual location of primary extradural tumors. […] Although the majority of tumors are sporadic, they are also seen in the setting of previous cranial irradiation and of course in patients with neurofibromatosis type 2 (Merlin gene on Chromosome 22). Additionally, meningiomas demonstrate estrogen and progesterone sensitivity and may grow during pregnancy.

• #25 Meningioma epidemiology and demographics – wikidoc

  https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Meningioma_epidemiology_and_demographics

  The prevalence of meningioma is estimated to be 97.5 cases per 100,000 individuals in the United States. The incidence of meningioma is approximately 7.62 per 100,000 individuals in the United States. Meningiomas may appear at any age, but are most commonly noticed among patients older than 50 years of age. Females are more commonly affected with meningiomas than males, with a ratio of about 2:1. Meningioma usually affects individuals of the African American race. Caucasian and Latin American individuals are less likely to develop meningioma. […] The incidence of meningiomas annually is approximately 7.62 per 100,000 individuals in the United States. The incidence of benign meningiomas is about 7.18, about 0.32 for borderline malignant meningiomas, and about 0.12 for malignant meningiomas.

• #26 Meningioma: A Review of Epidemiology, Pathology, Diagnosis, Treatment, and Future Directions

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8004084/

  Meningiomas comprises 37.6% of all primary CNS tumors and 53.3% of all benign CNS tumors. […] The incidence of meningiomas increases with age, with the median age at diagnosis being 66 years old. […] The incidence rate in patients age 40+ years is 18.69/100,000 and in age 0-19 years it is 0.16/100,000. […] In patients age 40+ years, age 15-39 years, and age 0-14 years, meningiomas make up 43.6%, 15.6%, and 1.7% of all CNS tumors, respectively. […] Benign and malignant meningiomas are more common in females, with incidence rate ratios of 2.33 and 1.12, respectively. […] Children most often have higher grade meningioma with a higher risk of recurrence and decreased overall mortality. […] Benign and malignant meningiomas were also more common in Black people versus Whites people, with incidence ratios of 1.18 and 1.52, respectively. […] At autopsy, incidental meningiomas were usually found in 23% of patients.

• #27 Meningioma: Practice Essentials, Background, Pathophysiology

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1156552-overview

  The annual incidence of symptomatic meningiomas is approximately 2 cases per 100,000 individuals. Meningiomas account for approximately 20% of all primary intracranial neoplasms. However, the true prevalence is likely higher than this because autopsy studies reveal that 2.3% of individuals have undiagnosed asymptomatic meningiomas. Meningiomas are multiple in 5-40% of cases, particularly when they associated with neurofibromatosis type 2 (NF2). Familial meningiomas are rare unless associated with NF2. […] The frequency of meningiomas in Africa is nearly 30% of all primary intracranial tumors. […] Mortality and morbidity rates for meningiomas are difficult to assess. Some meningiomas are discovered fortuitously when CT or MRI is done to assess for unrelated diseases or conditions. Therefore, some patients die with meningioma and not from it. Estimates of the 5-year survival usually range from 73-94%.

• #28 Meningioma – Wikipedia

  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meningioma

  Many individuals have meningiomas, but remain asymptomatic, so the meningiomas are discovered during an autopsy. One to two percent of all autopsies reveal meningiomas that were unknown to the individuals during their lifetime, since there were never any symptoms. In the 1970s, tumors causing symptoms were discovered in 2 out of 100,000 people, while tumors discovered without causing symptoms occurred in 5.7 out of 100,000, for a total incidence of 7.7/100,000. With the advent of modern sophisticated imaging systems such as CT scans, the discovery of asymptomatic meningiomas has tripled. […] Meningiomas are more likely to appear in women than men, though when they appear in men, they are more likely to be malignant. Meningiomas may appear at any age, but most commonly are noticed in men and women age 50 or older, with meningiomas becoming more likely with age. They have been observed in all cultures, Western and Eastern, in roughly the same statistical frequency as other possible brain tumors.

• #29 Meningioma: Practice Essentials, Background, Pathophysiology

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1156552-overview

  The annual incidence of symptomatic meningiomas is approximately 2 cases per 100,000 individuals. Meningiomas account for approximately 20% of all primary intracranial neoplasms. However, the true prevalence is likely higher than this because autopsy studies reveal that 2.3% of individuals have undiagnosed asymptomatic meningiomas. Meningiomas are multiple in 5-40% of cases, particularly when they associated with neurofibromatosis type 2 (NF2). Familial meningiomas are rare unless associated with NF2. […] The frequency of meningiomas in Africa is nearly 30% of all primary intracranial tumors. […] Mortality and morbidity rates for meningiomas are difficult to assess. Some meningiomas are discovered fortuitously when CT or MRI is done to assess for unrelated diseases or conditions. Therefore, some patients die with meningioma and not from it. Estimates of the 5-year survival usually range from 73-94%.

• #30 Comparison of Active Surveillance to Stereotactic Radiosurgery for the Management of Patients with an Incidental Frontobasal Meningioma—A Sub-Analysis of the IMPASSE Study

  https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6694/14/5/1300

  Meningioma, a type of brain tumor, is a common incidental finding on brain imaging. The best management approach for patients with an incidental meningioma remains unclear. This retrospective multi-center study investigated the outcomes of patients with an incidental meningioma in a frontobasal location, who were managed with active surveillance (n = 28) compared to stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) (n = 84). […] The prevalence of incidental findings has increased due to the wider availability of brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Incidental asymptomatic meningiomas are present on 0.9% to 1.0% of the general population’s brain MRIs. After discovery of an incidental meningioma, active clinical and MRI surveillance is the recommended first line management strategy until radiological progression or development of neurological signs or symptoms ensue. This is justified by the indolent nature of these tumors.

• #31 Meningioma – Wikipedia

  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meningioma

  Many individuals have meningiomas, but remain asymptomatic, so the meningiomas are discovered during an autopsy. One to two percent of all autopsies reveal meningiomas that were unknown to the individuals during their lifetime, since there were never any symptoms. In the 1970s, tumors causing symptoms were discovered in 2 out of 100,000 people, while tumors discovered without causing symptoms occurred in 5.7 out of 100,000, for a total incidence of 7.7/100,000. With the advent of modern sophisticated imaging systems such as CT scans, the discovery of asymptomatic meningiomas has tripled. […] Meningiomas are more likely to appear in women than men, though when they appear in men, they are more likely to be malignant. Meningiomas may appear at any age, but most commonly are noticed in men and women age 50 or older, with meningiomas becoming more likely with age. They have been observed in all cultures, Western and Eastern, in roughly the same statistical frequency as other possible brain tumors.

• #32 External validation and recalibration of an incidental meningioma prognostic model – IMPACT: protocol for an international multicentre retrospective cohort study | BMJ Open

  https://bmjopen.bmj.com/content/12/1/e052705

  Meningiomas have the highest incidence rate among all primary central nervous system tumours. Descriptive studies from Europe and North America suggest this rate is between 4.20 and 8.58 per 100 000 individuals. […] Meningiomas comprise 15% of incidental findings on brain MRI and have a prevalence of 3 per 1000. […] A recent study of the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database demonstrated a substantial increase in the detection of smaller, incidental tumours; between 2004 and 2012, the proportion of meningiomas 1 cm in diameter, diagnosed in a given year, increased in a linear fashion from 6% to 11%. […] International consensus guidelines by the European Association of Neuro-Oncology and National Comprehensive Cancer Network suggest active monitoring with MRI as first line for managing these tumours, but data to advise on the optimal follow-up duration and screening intervals are currently lacking.

• #33

  https://journals.lww.com/neurosurgery/fulltext/2005/12000/Epidemiology_of_Intracranial_Meningioma.4.aspx

  Meningiomas are the most frequently reported primary intracranial neoplasms, accounting for approximately 25% of all such lesions diagnosed in the United States. […] Few studies have examined the risk factors associated with a diagnosis of meningioma with two categories of exposure, hormones (both endogenous and exogenous) and radiation, most strongly associated with meningioma risk. […] Recent legislation passed in the United States (The Benign Brain Tumor Cancer Registries Amendment Act [H.R. 5204]) mandates registration of benign brain tumors such as meningioma. […] This will increase the focus on this disease over the coming years as well as likely increase the reported prevalence of the disease. […] The increased emphasis on research dedicated to the study of brain tumors coupled with the advent of new tools in genetic and molecular epidemiology make the current era an ideal time to advance knowledge for intracranial meningioma. […] This review highlights current knowledge of meningioma epidemiology and new directions for research efforts in this field.

• #34 Epidemiology and Natural History of Meningiomas | Neupsy Key

  https://neupsykey.com/epidemiology-and-natural-history-of-meningiomas/

  Ionizing radiation is one of few established risk factors for brain tumors. […] Studies that examined meningioma risk among atomic bomb survivors in Nagasaki (1973-1992) and in Hiroshima (1975-1992) found increasing incidence of meningioma with decreasing distance from the hypocenter of the explosion. […] The data supporting the existence of radiation-induced meningioma among patients who received cranial radiotherapy is compelling. […] In addition, the risk increased with radiation dose; at treatment doses of 30 to 49.9 Gy, the OR was 96.3 (CI: 10.32899.3). […] In a meta-analysis that included 527 meningioma cases from eight studies published by December 1, 2005, Lahkola and colleagues did not observe an effect of cell phone use on meningioma development. […] Although the results of these studies are quite consistent, they have some methodological shortcomings.

• #35 Epidemiology and etiology of meningioma

  https://escholarship.org/uc/item/2mv305zd

  Although most meningiomas are encapsulated and benign tumors with limited numbers of genetic aberrations, their intracranial location often leads to serious and potentially lethal consequences. They are the most frequently diagnosed primary brain tumor accounting for 33.8% of all primary brain and central nervous system tumors reported in the United States between 2002 and 2006. […] Inherited susceptibility to meningioma is suggested both by family history and candidate gene studies in DNA repair genes. People with certain mutations in the neurofibromatosis gene (NF2) have a very substantial increased risk for meningioma. […] High dose ionizing radiation exposure is an established risk factor for meningioma, and lower doses may also increase risk, but which types and doses are controversial or understudied.

• #36 Epidemiology and Natural History of Meningiomas | Neupsy Key

  https://neupsykey.com/epidemiology-and-natural-history-of-meningiomas/

  Ionizing radiation is one of few established risk factors for brain tumors. […] Studies that examined meningioma risk among atomic bomb survivors in Nagasaki (1973-1992) and in Hiroshima (1975-1992) found increasing incidence of meningioma with decreasing distance from the hypocenter of the explosion. […] The data supporting the existence of radiation-induced meningioma among patients who received cranial radiotherapy is compelling. […] In addition, the risk increased with radiation dose; at treatment doses of 30 to 49.9 Gy, the OR was 96.3 (CI: 10.32899.3). […] In a meta-analysis that included 527 meningioma cases from eight studies published by December 1, 2005, Lahkola and colleagues did not observe an effect of cell phone use on meningioma development. […] Although the results of these studies are quite consistent, they have some methodological shortcomings.

• #37 Epidemiology and Natural History of Meningiomas | Neupsy Key

  https://neupsykey.com/epidemiology-and-natural-history-of-meningiomas/

  Ionizing radiation is one of few established risk factors for brain tumors. […] Studies that examined meningioma risk among atomic bomb survivors in Nagasaki (1973-1992) and in Hiroshima (1975-1992) found increasing incidence of meningioma with decreasing distance from the hypocenter of the explosion. […] The data supporting the existence of radiation-induced meningioma among patients who received cranial radiotherapy is compelling. […] In addition, the risk increased with radiation dose; at treatment doses of 30 to 49.9 Gy, the OR was 96.3 (CI: 10.32899.3). […] In a meta-analysis that included 527 meningioma cases from eight studies published by December 1, 2005, Lahkola and colleagues did not observe an effect of cell phone use on meningioma development. […] Although the results of these studies are quite consistent, they have some methodological shortcomings.

• #38 Epidemiology and etiology of meningioma

  https://escholarship.org/uc/item/2mv305zd

  Because women are twice as likely as men to develop meningiomas and these tumors harbor hormone receptors, an etiologic role for hormones (both endogenous and exogenous) has been hypothesized. […] The extent to which immunologic factors influence meningioma etiology has been largely unexplored. […] Growing emphasis on brain tumor research coupled with the advent of new genetic and molecular epidemiologic tools in genetic and molecular epidemiology promise hope for advancing knowledge about the causes of intra-cranial meningioma. […] In this review, we highlight current knowledge about meningioma epidemiology and etiology and suggest future research directions.

• #39 Meningioma | Radiology Reference Article | Radiopaedia.org

  https://radiopaedia.org/articles/meningioma?lang=us

  Meningiomas are more common in women, with a ratio of 2:1 intracranially and 4:1 in the spine. Atypical and malignant meningiomas are slightly more common in males. They are uncommon in patients before the age of 40 and should raise suspicion of neurofibromatosis type 2 when found in young patients. […] Meningiomas are thought to arise from meningocytes or arachnoid cap cells, which themselves arise from pluripotent mesenchymal progenitor cells, which accounts for the unusual location of primary extradural tumors. […] Although the majority of tumors are sporadic, they are also seen in the setting of previous cranial irradiation and of course in patients with neurofibromatosis type 2 (Merlin gene on Chromosome 22). Additionally, meningiomas demonstrate estrogen and progesterone sensitivity and may grow during pregnancy.

• #40 Use of progestogens and the risk of intracranial meningioma: national case-control study | The BMJ

  https://www.bmj.com/content/384/bmj-2023-078078

  Meningiomas account for 40% of primary tumours of the central nervous system. The incidence of meningioma in the United States is 9.5 per 100000 person years. The incidence of meningiomas increases with age, rising sharply after the age of 65 years. Conversely, meningiomas are rare before the age of 35. Other recognised risk factors for meningioma are being female, intracranial exposure to ionising radiation, neurofibromatosis type 2, and, as shown only recently, prolonged use (one year) to high doses of three potent progestogens: cyproterone acetate, chlormadinone acetate, and nomegestrol acetate. […] No significant association between exogenous female hormones and risk of meningioma has been shown to date for hormonal contraceptives (either combined or progestogen only pills). Additionally, data for hormone replacement treatment for menopause are contradictory. Several studies have shown a slight excess risk of meningioma associated with the use of hormone replacement treatment for menopause, whereas others have reported no deleterious effects of these molecules.

• #41 Use of progestogens and the risk of intracranial meningioma: national case-control study | The BMJ

  https://www.bmj.com/content/384/bmj-2023-078078

  This population based study shows an association between the prolonged use of medrogestone, medroxyprogesterone acetate injection, and promegestone and a risk of intracranial meningioma requiring surgery. No such risk was reported for less than one year of use of these progestogens. […] Prolonged use of medrogestone, medroxyprogesterone acetate, and promegestone was found to be associated with an increased risk of meningioma. Future studies should further clarify the association between the duration of use and risk for the progestogens studied, and extend the discussion of meningioma risk to dienogest and hydroxyprogesterone. Finally, no excess risk of meningioma was associated with the use of progesterone, dydrogesterone, or spironolactone, or the hormonal intrauterine systems used worldwide, regardless of the dose of levonorgestrel they contained.

• #42 Epidemiology and etiology of meningioma

  https://escholarship.org/uc/item/2mv305zd

  Although most meningiomas are encapsulated and benign tumors with limited numbers of genetic aberrations, their intracranial location often leads to serious and potentially lethal consequences. They are the most frequently diagnosed primary brain tumor accounting for 33.8% of all primary brain and central nervous system tumors reported in the United States between 2002 and 2006. […] Inherited susceptibility to meningioma is suggested both by family history and candidate gene studies in DNA repair genes. People with certain mutations in the neurofibromatosis gene (NF2) have a very substantial increased risk for meningioma. […] High dose ionizing radiation exposure is an established risk factor for meningioma, and lower doses may also increase risk, but which types and doses are controversial or understudied.

• #43 Epidemiology and etiology of meningioma

  https://escholarship.org/uc/item/2mv305zd

  Although most meningiomas are encapsulated and benign tumors with limited numbers of genetic aberrations, their intracranial location often leads to serious and potentially lethal consequences. They are the most frequently diagnosed primary brain tumor accounting for 33.8% of all primary brain and central nervous system tumors reported in the United States between 2002 and 2006. […] Inherited susceptibility to meningioma is suggested both by family history and candidate gene studies in DNA repair genes. People with certain mutations in the neurofibromatosis gene (NF2) have a very substantial increased risk for meningioma. […] High dose ionizing radiation exposure is an established risk factor for meningioma, and lower doses may also increase risk, but which types and doses are controversial or understudied.

• #44 Meningioma: Practice Essentials, Background, Pathophysiology

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1156552-overview

  The annual incidence of symptomatic meningiomas is approximately 2 cases per 100,000 individuals. Meningiomas account for approximately 20% of all primary intracranial neoplasms. However, the true prevalence is likely higher than this because autopsy studies reveal that 2.3% of individuals have undiagnosed asymptomatic meningiomas. Meningiomas are multiple in 5-40% of cases, particularly when they associated with neurofibromatosis type 2 (NF2). Familial meningiomas are rare unless associated with NF2. […] The frequency of meningiomas in Africa is nearly 30% of all primary intracranial tumors. […] Mortality and morbidity rates for meningiomas are difficult to assess. Some meningiomas are discovered fortuitously when CT or MRI is done to assess for unrelated diseases or conditions. Therefore, some patients die with meningioma and not from it. Estimates of the 5-year survival usually range from 73-94%.

• #45

  https://scholars.duke.edu/individual/pub1448334

  Epidemiology of meningiomas. More than 70,000 primary central nervous system tumors are diagnosed in the United States each year. Approximately 36% of these are meningiomas, making it the most common primary brain tumor. Because meningioma risk increases dramatically with age, the healthcare burden of meningioma in the developed world will continue to rise as demographics shift toward an older population. In addition to demographic factors associated with increased meningioma risk (i.e., older age, female sex, African American ethnicity), increased body mass index is a strong risk factor. A history of atopic allergies, eczema, and increased serum IgE are all consistently associated with reduced meningioma risk, suggesting a potential role for immunosurveillance. Although ionizing radiation is a strong meningioma risk factor, it accounts for very few cases at the population level. Recent studies suggest that diagnostic radiation (e.g., dental X-rays) increases meningioma risk. Because radiation dosages associated with medical imaging have decreased dramatically, the public health impact of this exposure is likely in decline. Genome-wide association studies have identified common inherited variants in the gene MLLT10 and RIC8A as low-penetrance meningioma risk alleles. To provide further insight into the etiology of meningioma, future studies will need to simultaneously examine genetic and environmental risk factors, while also stratifying analyses by subject sex.

• #46

  https://scholars.duke.edu/individual/pub1448334

  Epidemiology of meningiomas. More than 70,000 primary central nervous system tumors are diagnosed in the United States each year. Approximately 36% of these are meningiomas, making it the most common primary brain tumor. Because meningioma risk increases dramatically with age, the healthcare burden of meningioma in the developed world will continue to rise as demographics shift toward an older population. In addition to demographic factors associated with increased meningioma risk (i.e., older age, female sex, African American ethnicity), increased body mass index is a strong risk factor. A history of atopic allergies, eczema, and increased serum IgE are all consistently associated with reduced meningioma risk, suggesting a potential role for immunosurveillance. Although ionizing radiation is a strong meningioma risk factor, it accounts for very few cases at the population level. Recent studies suggest that diagnostic radiation (e.g., dental X-rays) increases meningioma risk. Because radiation dosages associated with medical imaging have decreased dramatically, the public health impact of this exposure is likely in decline. Genome-wide association studies have identified common inherited variants in the gene MLLT10 and RIC8A as low-penetrance meningioma risk alleles. To provide further insight into the etiology of meningioma, future studies will need to simultaneously examine genetic and environmental risk factors, while also stratifying analyses by subject sex.

• #47

  https://scholars.duke.edu/individual/pub1448334

  Epidemiology of meningiomas. More than 70,000 primary central nervous system tumors are diagnosed in the United States each year. Approximately 36% of these are meningiomas, making it the most common primary brain tumor. Because meningioma risk increases dramatically with age, the healthcare burden of meningioma in the developed world will continue to rise as demographics shift toward an older population. In addition to demographic factors associated with increased meningioma risk (i.e., older age, female sex, African American ethnicity), increased body mass index is a strong risk factor. A history of atopic allergies, eczema, and increased serum IgE are all consistently associated with reduced meningioma risk, suggesting a potential role for immunosurveillance. Although ionizing radiation is a strong meningioma risk factor, it accounts for very few cases at the population level. Recent studies suggest that diagnostic radiation (e.g., dental X-rays) increases meningioma risk. Because radiation dosages associated with medical imaging have decreased dramatically, the public health impact of this exposure is likely in decline. Genome-wide association studies have identified common inherited variants in the gene MLLT10 and RIC8A as low-penetrance meningioma risk alleles. To provide further insight into the etiology of meningioma, future studies will need to simultaneously examine genetic and environmental risk factors, while also stratifying analyses by subject sex.

• #48 Epidemiology and Natural History of Meningiomas | Neupsy Key

  https://neupsykey.com/epidemiology-and-natural-history-of-meningiomas/

  Several hypothesis-generating studies have examined occupation as a proxy for exposure to potential risks of meningioma. […] In addition, several studies have detected an elevated risk of meningioma with occupational lead exposure. […] Descriptions of and debates about the association between head trauma and meningioma have been occurring for more than 100 years. […] However, one study found a more pronounced effect of mild than severe brain injury on meningioma risk and another found that risk was no longer elevated when only serious injuries were included.

• #49 Epidemiology and Natural History of Meningiomas | Neupsy Key

  https://neupsykey.com/epidemiology-and-natural-history-of-meningiomas/

  Several hypothesis-generating studies have examined occupation as a proxy for exposure to potential risks of meningioma. […] In addition, several studies have detected an elevated risk of meningioma with occupational lead exposure. […] Descriptions of and debates about the association between head trauma and meningioma have been occurring for more than 100 years. […] However, one study found a more pronounced effect of mild than severe brain injury on meningioma risk and another found that risk was no longer elevated when only serious injuries were included.

• #50

  https://journals.lww.com/neurosurgery/fulltext/2005/12000/Epidemiology_of_Intracranial_Meningioma.4.aspx

  Meningiomas are the most frequently reported primary intracranial neoplasms, accounting for approximately 25% of all such lesions diagnosed in the United States. […] Few studies have examined the risk factors associated with a diagnosis of meningioma with two categories of exposure, hormones (both endogenous and exogenous) and radiation, most strongly associated with meningioma risk. […] Recent legislation passed in the United States (The Benign Brain Tumor Cancer Registries Amendment Act [H.R. 5204]) mandates registration of benign brain tumors such as meningioma. […] This will increase the focus on this disease over the coming years as well as likely increase the reported prevalence of the disease. […] The increased emphasis on research dedicated to the study of brain tumors coupled with the advent of new tools in genetic and molecular epidemiology make the current era an ideal time to advance knowledge for intracranial meningioma. […] This review highlights current knowledge of meningioma epidemiology and new directions for research efforts in this field.

• #51 4 Epidemiology of Meningiomas | Neupsy Key

  https://neupsykey.com/4-epidemiology-of-meningiomas/

  In 2002 legislation was passed in the United States [the Benign Brain Tumor Cancer Registries Amendment Act (H.R. 5204)] mandating registration of benign brain tumors such as meningiomas. […] To date, meningioma mortality rate estimates have been hampered by incomplete reporting, potential selection biases with respect to the individuals who are included in the databases as well as limited follow-up information. […] Analyses based on information from the National Cancer Database (NCDB), which includes data from more than 1000 hospitals that participate in the American College of Surgeons tumor registry program, report unadjusted 2- and 5-year survival rates for patients with meningioma of 81% and 69%.

• #52

  https://journals.lww.com/neurosurgery/fulltext/2005/12000/Epidemiology_of_Intracranial_Meningioma.4.aspx

  Meningiomas are the most frequently reported primary intracranial neoplasms, accounting for approximately 25% of all such lesions diagnosed in the United States. […] Few studies have examined the risk factors associated with a diagnosis of meningioma with two categories of exposure, hormones (both endogenous and exogenous) and radiation, most strongly associated with meningioma risk. […] Recent legislation passed in the United States (The Benign Brain Tumor Cancer Registries Amendment Act [H.R. 5204]) mandates registration of benign brain tumors such as meningioma. […] This will increase the focus on this disease over the coming years as well as likely increase the reported prevalence of the disease. […] The increased emphasis on research dedicated to the study of brain tumors coupled with the advent of new tools in genetic and molecular epidemiology make the current era an ideal time to advance knowledge for intracranial meningioma. […] This review highlights current knowledge of meningioma epidemiology and new directions for research efforts in this field.

• #53 Epidemiology and Natural History of Meningiomas | Clinical Gate

  https://clinicalgate.com/epidemiology-and-natural-history-of-meningiomas/

  Registry data from Connecticut and Utah estimated that 138,000 individuals were living with this tumor in the United States in the year 2000, a prevalence rate of 50.4 per 100,000 population. […] In addition, meningiomas may recur. At 5 years, 19.2% of persons with benign tumors and 32.4% of persons with malignant meningioma had suffered a recurrence of symptoms. […] The different incident trends across nations reported here may reflect real differences, but are difficult to compare owing to differences in the time periods assessed and in the quality and methods of reporting. […] The accuracy of future population estimates in the United States will improve once these data become available.

• #54 4 Epidemiology of Meningiomas | Neupsy Key

  https://neupsykey.com/4-epidemiology-of-meningiomas/

  Meningiomas accounted for 33.8% of all primary brain and central nervous system (CNS) tumors reported in the United States between 2002 and 2006 and thus represent the most frequently diagnosed primary brain tumor. […] The prevalence of meningioma is estimated to be ~97.5/100,000 in the United States, with more than 160,000 individuals currently diagnosed with this tumor. […] Data from the Central Brain Tumor Registry of the United States (CBTRUS) reveal an age-adjusted incidence rate (per 100,000 person-years) of 8.36 and 3.61 for females and males, respectively. […] Data from CBTRUS indicate that incidence rates for meningioma have increased over time, likely in part due to increased imaging and passage of legislation requiring the registration of benign tumors into state cancer registries.

• #55 Individual-patient prediction of meningioma malignancy and survival using the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database | npj Digital Medicine

  https://www.nature.com/articles/s41746-020-0219-5

  Meningiomas are known to have relatively lower aggressiveness and better outcomes than other central nervous system (CNS) tumors. […] Statistical learning models were trained and validated on 62,844 patients from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database. […] We develop and validate new predictive models using a set of basic clinical variables available in the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database to predict meningioma malignancy and survival after specific treatments. […] The models are trained and tested on 62,844 patients included in SEER, an authoritative population-based cancer dataset with ~28% coverage of the US population. […] We report on the meningioma data up to the November 2017 SEER release, but our observational results are broadly consistent with what has been reported in previous epidemiological literature on meningiomas.

• #56 Individual-patient prediction of meningioma malignancy and survival using the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database | npj Digital Medicine

  https://www.nature.com/articles/s41746-020-0219-5

  Meningiomas are known to have relatively lower aggressiveness and better outcomes than other central nervous system (CNS) tumors. […] Statistical learning models were trained and validated on 62,844 patients from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database. […] We develop and validate new predictive models using a set of basic clinical variables available in the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database to predict meningioma malignancy and survival after specific treatments. […] The models are trained and tested on 62,844 patients included in SEER, an authoritative population-based cancer dataset with ~28% coverage of the US population. […] We report on the meningioma data up to the November 2017 SEER release, but our observational results are broadly consistent with what has been reported in previous epidemiological literature on meningiomas.

• #57 Meningioma: Practice Essentials, Background, Pathophysiology

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1156552-overview

  The annual incidence of symptomatic meningiomas is approximately 2 cases per 100,000 individuals. Meningiomas account for approximately 20% of all primary intracranial neoplasms. However, the true prevalence is likely higher than this because autopsy studies reveal that 2.3% of individuals have undiagnosed asymptomatic meningiomas. Meningiomas are multiple in 5-40% of cases, particularly when they associated with neurofibromatosis type 2 (NF2). Familial meningiomas are rare unless associated with NF2. […] The frequency of meningiomas in Africa is nearly 30% of all primary intracranial tumors. […] Mortality and morbidity rates for meningiomas are difficult to assess. Some meningiomas are discovered fortuitously when CT or MRI is done to assess for unrelated diseases or conditions. Therefore, some patients die with meningioma and not from it. Estimates of the 5-year survival usually range from 73-94%.

• #58 Meningioma: Practice Essentials, Background, Pathophysiology

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1156552-overview

  The annual incidence of symptomatic meningiomas is approximately 2 cases per 100,000 individuals. Meningiomas account for approximately 20% of all primary intracranial neoplasms. However, the true prevalence is likely higher than this because autopsy studies reveal that 2.3% of individuals have undiagnosed asymptomatic meningiomas. Meningiomas are multiple in 5-40% of cases, particularly when they associated with neurofibromatosis type 2 (NF2). Familial meningiomas are rare unless associated with NF2. […] The frequency of meningiomas in Africa is nearly 30% of all primary intracranial tumors. […] Mortality and morbidity rates for meningiomas are difficult to assess. Some meningiomas are discovered fortuitously when CT or MRI is done to assess for unrelated diseases or conditions. Therefore, some patients die with meningioma and not from it. Estimates of the 5-year survival usually range from 73-94%.

• #59 4 Epidemiology of Meningiomas | Neupsy Key

  https://neupsykey.com/4-epidemiology-of-meningiomas/

  In 2002 legislation was passed in the United States [the Benign Brain Tumor Cancer Registries Amendment Act (H.R. 5204)] mandating registration of benign brain tumors such as meningiomas. […] To date, meningioma mortality rate estimates have been hampered by incomplete reporting, potential selection biases with respect to the individuals who are included in the databases as well as limited follow-up information. […] Analyses based on information from the National Cancer Database (NCDB), which includes data from more than 1000 hospitals that participate in the American College of Surgeons tumor registry program, report unadjusted 2- and 5-year survival rates for patients with meningioma of 81% and 69%.

• #60 Epidemiology and Natural History of Meningiomas | Clinical Gate

  https://clinicalgate.com/epidemiology-and-natural-history-of-meningiomas/

  However, data from the Danish Cancer Registry demonstrated an increase in new cases of meningioma from 0.61 to 2.42 per 100,000 population, with an accelerating increase over time. […] A similar trend was observed across Denmark, Sweden, Norway, and Finland between 1968 and 1997, whereas in Japan, an increase in incidence was seen before 1980, followed by stable subsequent rates. […] Where an increasing trend has been observed, it has been attributed to increased use of advanced imaging techniques, increased exposure to potential risk factors, and differential histologic classification of meningioma over time. […] Data from the Hospital-based National Cancer Data Base estimated 5-year survival rates for benign, atypical, and malignant meningiomas in the United States at 70.1%, 74.5%, and 54.6%.

• #61 Epidemiology and Natural History of Meningiomas | Clinical Gate

  https://clinicalgate.com/epidemiology-and-natural-history-of-meningiomas/

  Registry data from Connecticut and Utah estimated that 138,000 individuals were living with this tumor in the United States in the year 2000, a prevalence rate of 50.4 per 100,000 population. […] In addition, meningiomas may recur. At 5 years, 19.2% of persons with benign tumors and 32.4% of persons with malignant meningioma had suffered a recurrence of symptoms. […] The different incident trends across nations reported here may reflect real differences, but are difficult to compare owing to differences in the time periods assessed and in the quality and methods of reporting. […] The accuracy of future population estimates in the United States will improve once these data become available.

• #62 Epidemiology, characteristics, and prognostic factors of lymphoplasmacyte-rich meningioma: a systematic literature review | BMC Cancer | Full Text

  https://bmccancer.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12885-023-11811-4

  Lymphoplasmacyte-rich meningioma (LPM) is a rare subtype of meningioma with a low degree of malignancy and an overall preferable prognosis. […] The incidence rate of LPM is less than 1% in meningiomas. […] The number of reported cases is too small to identify the clinical features that can help to definitively differentiate these meningiomas from typical meningiomas. […] The ratio of males to females was approximately 1 (47:48). […] The age at diagnosis was 9-79 years old, with an average age of 45 years. […] Most of the patients were diagnosed at 30-50 years old. […] The most common symptoms of patients were headache, limb weakness, dizziness, blurred vision, numbness, and seizures. […] Tumors were mainly located in the convex part of the brain (48 cases) and lateral ventricles (6 cases).

• #63 Epidemiology, characteristics, and prognostic factors of lymphoplasmacyte-rich meningioma: a systematic literature review | BMC Cancer | Full Text

  https://bmccancer.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12885-023-11811-4

  Lymphoplasmacyte-rich meningioma (LPM) is a rare subtype of meningioma with a low degree of malignancy and an overall preferable prognosis. […] The incidence rate of LPM is less than 1% in meningiomas. […] The number of reported cases is too small to identify the clinical features that can help to definitively differentiate these meningiomas from typical meningiomas. […] The ratio of males to females was approximately 1 (47:48). […] The age at diagnosis was 9-79 years old, with an average age of 45 years. […] Most of the patients were diagnosed at 30-50 years old. […] The most common symptoms of patients were headache, limb weakness, dizziness, blurred vision, numbness, and seizures. […] Tumors were mainly located in the convex part of the brain (48 cases) and lateral ventricles (6 cases).

• #64 Epidemiology, characteristics, and prognostic factors of lymphoplasmacyte-rich meningioma: a systematic literature review | BMC Cancer | Full Text

  https://bmccancer.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12885-023-11811-4

  The follow-up period was 39-7 months. […] During the follow-up period, 6 patients experienced local recurrence (6/94), and 1 patient died during the study period. […] The 3-year recurrence rate and 5-year recurrence rate were 5.4% (5/92) and 7.6% (7/92), respectively. […] The recurrence and mortality rates of LPM are very low, and patients are expected to achieve long-term survival after surgery. […] Complete surgical resection of tumors is associated with a better prognosis and lower recurrence rate.

• #65 Clear Cell Meningioma in the Central Nervous System: Analysis of Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Database

  https://patrinum.ch/record/457395?ln=en

  Clear cell meningioma (CCM) is a rare subtype of meningioma, accounting for approximately 0.2% of all meningiomas. […] The present study aimed to analyze the epidemiology and outcome of CCMs using the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database. […] The age-adjusted incidence rate was 0.032 per 1,000,000 person-years. […] The overall cumulative survival rates at 1, 3, and 5 years were 97.6, 93.2, and 86.9%, respectively. […] The logrank test and Cox proportional hazards regression analysis revealed that age at diagnosis and primary site of the tumor were independent prognostic factors. […] CCM is an extremely rare entity with a favorable survival rate. […] CCMs usually affect patients during the fourth to fifth decades of life. […] Patients diagnosed at 2160 years old and patients with spinal CCMs have a better prognosis.

• #66 Epidemiology and Natural History of Meningiomas | Neupsy Key

  https://neupsykey.com/epidemiology-and-natural-history-of-meningiomas/

  In the United States, data collected by CBTRUS between 1985 and 1994 from six population-based registries did not show an increase in incidence of meningioma, nor did a study of the population of Rochester, Minnesota, 1950-1990. […] However, data from the Danish Cancer Registry (1943-1997) demonstrated an increase in new cases of meningioma from 0.61 to 2.42 per 100,000 population, with an accelerating increase over time. […] Data from the Hospital-based National Cancer Data Base collected from 1985 to 1988 and 1990 to 1992 estimated 5-year survival rates for benign, atypical, and malignant meningiomas in the United States at 70.1%, 74.5%, and 54.6%. […] Registry data from Connecticut and Utah estimated that 138,000 individuals were living with this tumor in the United States in the year 2000, a prevalence rate of 50.4 per 100,000 population.

• #67 Epidemiology and Natural History of Meningiomas | Clinical Gate

  https://clinicalgate.com/epidemiology-and-natural-history-of-meningiomas/

  However, data from the Danish Cancer Registry demonstrated an increase in new cases of meningioma from 0.61 to 2.42 per 100,000 population, with an accelerating increase over time. […] A similar trend was observed across Denmark, Sweden, Norway, and Finland between 1968 and 1997, whereas in Japan, an increase in incidence was seen before 1980, followed by stable subsequent rates. […] Where an increasing trend has been observed, it has been attributed to increased use of advanced imaging techniques, increased exposure to potential risk factors, and differential histologic classification of meningioma over time. […] Data from the Hospital-based National Cancer Data Base estimated 5-year survival rates for benign, atypical, and malignant meningiomas in the United States at 70.1%, 74.5%, and 54.6%.

• #68 Epidemiology and Natural History of Meningiomas | Clinical Gate

  https://clinicalgate.com/epidemiology-and-natural-history-of-meningiomas/

  However, data from the Danish Cancer Registry demonstrated an increase in new cases of meningioma from 0.61 to 2.42 per 100,000 population, with an accelerating increase over time. […] A similar trend was observed across Denmark, Sweden, Norway, and Finland between 1968 and 1997, whereas in Japan, an increase in incidence was seen before 1980, followed by stable subsequent rates. […] Where an increasing trend has been observed, it has been attributed to increased use of advanced imaging techniques, increased exposure to potential risk factors, and differential histologic classification of meningioma over time. […] Data from the Hospital-based National Cancer Data Base estimated 5-year survival rates for benign, atypical, and malignant meningiomas in the United States at 70.1%, 74.5%, and 54.6%.

• #69 Epidemiology and Natural History of Meningiomas | Clinical Gate

  https://clinicalgate.com/epidemiology-and-natural-history-of-meningiomas/

  However, data from the Danish Cancer Registry demonstrated an increase in new cases of meningioma from 0.61 to 2.42 per 100,000 population, with an accelerating increase over time. […] A similar trend was observed across Denmark, Sweden, Norway, and Finland between 1968 and 1997, whereas in Japan, an increase in incidence was seen before 1980, followed by stable subsequent rates. […] Where an increasing trend has been observed, it has been attributed to increased use of advanced imaging techniques, increased exposure to potential risk factors, and differential histologic classification of meningioma over time. […] Data from the Hospital-based National Cancer Data Base estimated 5-year survival rates for benign, atypical, and malignant meningiomas in the United States at 70.1%, 74.5%, and 54.6%.

• #70

  https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11060-010-0386-3

  The better quality of new information affords exceptional opportunities to the research and clinical communities in the coming years. […] The study of risk factors for meningioma remains challenging, and there are currently few large-scale studies. […] Meningioma epidemiology and etiology will benefit from the increased size and quality of disease reporting to cancer registries, facilitated in the USA by the Benign Brain Tumors Act of 2002.

• #71

  https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11060-010-0386-3

  The better quality of new information affords exceptional opportunities to the research and clinical communities in the coming years. […] The study of risk factors for meningioma remains challenging, and there are currently few large-scale studies. […] Meningioma epidemiology and etiology will benefit from the increased size and quality of disease reporting to cancer registries, facilitated in the USA by the Benign Brain Tumors Act of 2002.

• #72 Epidemiology and etiology of meningioma

  https://escholarship.org/uc/item/2mv305zd

  Because women are twice as likely as men to develop meningiomas and these tumors harbor hormone receptors, an etiologic role for hormones (both endogenous and exogenous) has been hypothesized. […] The extent to which immunologic factors influence meningioma etiology has been largely unexplored. […] Growing emphasis on brain tumor research coupled with the advent of new genetic and molecular epidemiologic tools in genetic and molecular epidemiology promise hope for advancing knowledge about the causes of intra-cranial meningioma. […] In this review, we highlight current knowledge about meningioma epidemiology and etiology and suggest future research directions.

• #73

  https://journals.lww.com/neurosurgery/fulltext/2005/12000/Epidemiology_of_Intracranial_Meningioma.4.aspx

  Meningiomas are the most frequently reported primary intracranial neoplasms, accounting for approximately 25% of all such lesions diagnosed in the United States. […] Few studies have examined the risk factors associated with a diagnosis of meningioma with two categories of exposure, hormones (both endogenous and exogenous) and radiation, most strongly associated with meningioma risk. […] Recent legislation passed in the United States (The Benign Brain Tumor Cancer Registries Amendment Act [H.R. 5204]) mandates registration of benign brain tumors such as meningioma. […] This will increase the focus on this disease over the coming years as well as likely increase the reported prevalence of the disease. […] The increased emphasis on research dedicated to the study of brain tumors coupled with the advent of new tools in genetic and molecular epidemiology make the current era an ideal time to advance knowledge for intracranial meningioma. […] This review highlights current knowledge of meningioma epidemiology and new directions for research efforts in this field.

• #74

  https://scholars.duke.edu/individual/pub1448334

  Epidemiology of meningiomas. More than 70,000 primary central nervous system tumors are diagnosed in the United States each year. Approximately 36% of these are meningiomas, making it the most common primary brain tumor. Because meningioma risk increases dramatically with age, the healthcare burden of meningioma in the developed world will continue to rise as demographics shift toward an older population. In addition to demographic factors associated with increased meningioma risk (i.e., older age, female sex, African American ethnicity), increased body mass index is a strong risk factor. A history of atopic allergies, eczema, and increased serum IgE are all consistently associated with reduced meningioma risk, suggesting a potential role for immunosurveillance. Although ionizing radiation is a strong meningioma risk factor, it accounts for very few cases at the population level. Recent studies suggest that diagnostic radiation (e.g., dental X-rays) increases meningioma risk. Because radiation dosages associated with medical imaging have decreased dramatically, the public health impact of this exposure is likely in decline. Genome-wide association studies have identified common inherited variants in the gene MLLT10 and RIC8A as low-penetrance meningioma risk alleles. To provide further insight into the etiology of meningioma, future studies will need to simultaneously examine genetic and environmental risk factors, while also stratifying analyses by subject sex.

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