Materiały źródłowe

• #1 Psychiatry.org – Kleptomania

  https://www.psychiatry.org/news-room/apa-blogs/kleptomania

  Most people are familiar with the term kleptomania, a real, but rare, mental health condition. The key feature of kleptomania is the repeatedly acting on impulses to steal items even though the items are not needed. […] As noted in Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, kleptomania is exceedingly rare, whereas shoplifting is relatively common. Kleptomania occurs in approximately 0.3%0.6% of the general population. […] A person with kleptomania does not usually preplan the theft and does not work with others. The stolen objects typically have little value and the person often gives or throws them away. Kleptomania is different from ordinary theft or shoplifting. Ordinary theft is typically motivated by the usefulness or value of the item or for some, especially adolescents, may be motivated as an act of rebellion or done on a dare.

• #2 Kleptomania: 4 Tips for better diagnosis and treatment | MDedge

  https://mdedge.com/psychiatry/article/226314/kleptomania-4-tips-better-diagnosis-and-treatment

  Kleptomania is characterized by a recurrent failure to resist impulses to steal objects that are not needed for personal use or their monetary value. It is a rare disorder; an estimated 0.3% to 0.6% of the general population meet DSM-5 criteria for kleptomania. Kleptomania usually begins in early adolescence and is more common among females than males (3:1). Although DSM-5 does not outline how long symptoms need to be present for patients to meet the diagnostic criteria, the disorder may persist for years, even when patients face legal consequences. […] Due to the clinical ambiguities surrounding kleptomania, it remains one of psychiatry’s most poorly understood diagnoses and regularly goes undiagnosed and untreated. Here we provide 4 tips for better diagnosis and treatment of this condition.

• #3 Kleptomania: diagnosis and treatment options – PubMed

  https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11463127/

  Kleptomania–the inability to resist the impulse to steal objects, not for personal use or monetary gain–is currently classified in psychiatric nomenclature as an impulse control disorder. […] Kleptomania is commonly under-diagnosed and is often accompanied by other psychiatric conditions, most notably affective, anxiety and eating disorders, and alcohol and substance abuse. […] Over the past century there has been a shift from psychotherapeutic to psychopharmacological interventions for kleptomania. […] Pharmacological management using selective serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine; 5-HT) reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) and other antidepressants, mood stabilisers and opioid receptor antagonists, as adjuvants to cognitive-behavioural therapy, has produced promising results.

• #4 Psychiatry.org – Kleptomania

  https://www.psychiatry.org/news-room/apa-blogs/kleptomania

  A. Recurrent failure to resist impulses to steal objects that are not needed for personal use or for their monetary value. […] B. Increasing sense of tension immediately before committing the theft. […] C. Pleasure, gratification, or relief at the time of committing the theft. […] D. The stealing is not committed to express anger or vengeance and is not in response to a delusion or a hallucination. […] E. The stealing is not better explained by conduct disorder, a manic episode, or antisocial personality disorder. […] Kleptomania is diagnosed based on signs and symptoms and treatment typically involves psychotherapy, medication or both. Cognitive behavioral therapy, a type of talk therapy, can help people to understand the impulses and unhealthy beliefs and behaviors and learn how to respond in healthy, positive ways. Some medication, such as antidepressants or medication used to reduce urges in people with addictions, may be helpful. However, there are no specific medications approved by the FDA for kleptomania. Therapy or medication may also be helpful in treating other conditions occurring at the same time, such as depression or anxiety.

• #5 Overview of Kleptomania and Phenomenological Description of 40 Patients

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC535651/

  Awareness of kleptomania, empathy toward those afflicted, and rigorous research into treatment options are needed to mitigate kleptomania’s personal and societal costs. […] The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition, (DSM-IV) includes kleptomania with the impulse control disorders not elsewhere classified. […] DSM-IV defines kleptomania as a recurrent failure to resist impulses to steal objects that are not needed for personal use or for their monetary value. […] Careful attention should be given to distinguishing kleptomania from antisocial personality disorder. […] The prevalence of kleptomania in the U.S. general population is unknown but has been estimated at 6 per 1000 people, which translates into about 1.2 million of the 200 million American adults.

• #6 Kleptomania – PsychDB

  https://www.psychdb.com/child/disruptive-impulsive/kleptomania

  Kleptomania is characterized by the recurrent failure to resist impulses to steal items even though the items are not required for personal use or are of little value to the individual. […] Recurrent failure to resist impulses to steal objects that are not needed for personal use or for their monetary value. […] Increasing sense of tension immediately before committing the theft. […] Pleasure, gratification, or relief at the time of committing the theft. […] The stealing is not committed to express anger or vengeance and is not in response to a delusion or a hallucination. […] The stealing is not better explained by conduct disorder, a manic episode, or antisocial personality disorder. […] Individuals typically attempt to resist impulses to steal, and they are aware that their acts are wrong and senseless. They may often feel depressed or guilty about the thefts.

• #7 Psychiatry.org – Kleptomania

  https://www.psychiatry.org/news-room/apa-blogs/kleptomania

  kleptomania.jpgKleptomania is defined by the feelings associated with the stealing the urge to steal, a feeling of tension before stealing and a feeling of relief during or immediately afterward. According to the DSM-5, people with kleptomania typically attempt to resist the impulse to steal, and they are aware that the act is wrong and senseless. The individual frequently fears being apprehended and often feels depressed or guilty about the thefts. […] It often begins in adolescence, but can occur among children, adolescents or adults. Without treatment, symptoms can occur continuously or can occur in brief sporadic episodes. It is three times more common among females than males. It can lead to legal, family, career, and personal difficulties. […] Kleptomania is categorized as an impulse control disorder. However, research has shown it has features in common with addictive disorders (substance use disorder, gambling disorder) and obsessive-compulsive disorders. People with kleptomania may also have other conditions, such as depression or anxiety. One study of college students found that urges to steal were associated with worse depressive symptoms, higher levels of stress and several psychiatric disorders.

• #8 Kleptomania – Diagnosis and treatment – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/kleptomania/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20364753

  Kleptomania is diagnosed based on your symptoms. When you decide to seek treatment for symptoms of possible kleptomania, you may have both a physical exam and psychological evaluation. The physical exam can determine if there are any medical causes triggering your symptoms. […] Because kleptomania is a type of impulse control disorder, to help pinpoint a diagnosis, your mental health provider may: Ask questions about your impulses and how they make you feel. Review a list of situations to ask if these situations trigger your kleptomania episodes. Discuss problems you have had because of this behavior. Have you fill out questionnaires or self-assessments. Use the guidelines in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), published by the American Psychiatric Association.

• #9 Kleptomania // Middlesex Health

  https://middlesexhealth.org/learning-center/diseases-and-conditions/kleptomania

  Kleptomania is diagnosed based on your symptoms. When you decide to seek treatment for symptoms of possible kleptomania, you may have both a physical exam and psychological evaluation. The physical exam can determine if there are any medical causes triggering your symptoms. […] Because kleptomania is a type of impulse control disorder, to help pinpoint a diagnosis, your mental health provider may: Ask questions about your impulses and how they make you feel, Review a list of situations to ask if these situations trigger your kleptomania episodes, Discuss problems you have had because of this behavior, Have you fill out questionnaires or self-assessments, Use the guidelines in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), published by the American Psychiatric Association.

• #10 Kleptomania // Middlesex Health

  https://middlesexhealth.org/learning-center/diseases-and-conditions/kleptomania

  Kleptomania is diagnosed based on your symptoms. When you decide to seek treatment for symptoms of possible kleptomania, you may have both a physical exam and psychological evaluation. The physical exam can determine if there are any medical causes triggering your symptoms. […] Because kleptomania is a type of impulse control disorder, to help pinpoint a diagnosis, your mental health provider may: Ask questions about your impulses and how they make you feel, Review a list of situations to ask if these situations trigger your kleptomania episodes, Discuss problems you have had because of this behavior, Have you fill out questionnaires or self-assessments, Use the guidelines in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), published by the American Psychiatric Association.

• #11 Kleptomania – Diagnosis and treatment – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/kleptomania/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20364753

  Kleptomania is diagnosed based on your symptoms. When you decide to seek treatment for symptoms of possible kleptomania, you may have both a physical exam and psychological evaluation. The physical exam can determine if there are any medical causes triggering your symptoms. […] Because kleptomania is a type of impulse control disorder, to help pinpoint a diagnosis, your mental health provider may: Ask questions about your impulses and how they make you feel. Review a list of situations to ask if these situations trigger your kleptomania episodes. Discuss problems you have had because of this behavior. Have you fill out questionnaires or self-assessments. Use the guidelines in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), published by the American Psychiatric Association.

• #12 Kleptomania DSM-5 302.32 (F63.3)

  https://www.theravive.com/therapedia/kleptomania-dsm–5-302.32-(f63.3)

  Kleptomania is an impulse control disorder characterized by the inability to resist the impulse to steal. […] Diagnosis of kleptomania is often based on a combination of patient reports, diagnostic scales, and legal records pertaining to instances of the kleptomaniac being caught during thieving. It is important that kleptomania be distinguished from ordinary acts of shoplifting, from other disorders, such as antisocial personality disorder, conduct disorder, manic, psychotic, or major neurocognitive disorders (The American Psychiatric Association). […] When using psychometric scales to diagnose kleptomania, it is useful to consider the results of the Yale Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale, Modified for Kleptomania (K-YBOCS) and the Kleptomania Symptom Assessment Scale (K-SAS), as well as other measures of depression, general functioning, anxiety, and psychosocial functioning (Grant, Kim, Odlaug, 2009).

• #13 Kleptomania: Diagnosis and Treatment – Terapia Online Presencial Madrid | Mentes Abiertas

  https://www.mentesabiertaspsicologia.com/blog-psicologia/kleptomania-diagnosis-and-treatment

  Kleptomania is a rare but significant psychological disorder characterized by the uncontrollable urge to steal objects without any real need to possess them. […] To diagnose kleptomania, a mental health professional, such as a psychologist or psychiatrist will conduct a thorough evaluation that may include clinical interviews, psychological testing, and behavioral observation. […] Treatment of kleptomania is usually multidisciplinary and personalized, adapting to the specific needs of each individual. […] It is important to recognize the symptoms, understand the possible causes, and seek professional help if you suspect you have this disorder.

• #14 Kleptomania – PsychDB

  https://www.psychdb.com/child/disruptive-impulsive/kleptomania

  Kleptomania should be distinguished from ordinary theft or shoplifting. Ordinary theft (whether planned or impulsive) is deliberate and is motivated by the usefulness of the object or its monetary worth. […] Kleptomania should be distinguished from intentional or inadvertent stealing that may occur during a manic episode (e.g. – bipolar disorder), in response to delusions or hallucinations (e.g. – schizophrenia), or as a result of a major neurocognitive disorder (e.g. – frontotemporal dementia). […] Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) may be prescribed for kleptomania. […] Naltrexone has been investigated in the treatment of kleptomania. […] Cognitive strategies including exposure response and prevention (ERP), similar to treatment in OCD, have also been investigated.

• #15 Psychiatry.org – Kleptomania

  https://www.psychiatry.org/news-room/apa-blogs/kleptomania

  Most people are familiar with the term kleptomania, a real, but rare, mental health condition. The key feature of kleptomania is the repeatedly acting on impulses to steal items even though the items are not needed. […] As noted in Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, kleptomania is exceedingly rare, whereas shoplifting is relatively common. Kleptomania occurs in approximately 0.3%0.6% of the general population. […] A person with kleptomania does not usually preplan the theft and does not work with others. The stolen objects typically have little value and the person often gives or throws them away. Kleptomania is different from ordinary theft or shoplifting. Ordinary theft is typically motivated by the usefulness or value of the item or for some, especially adolescents, may be motivated as an act of rebellion or done on a dare.

• #16 Kleptomania – PsychDB

  https://www.psychdb.com/child/disruptive-impulsive/kleptomania

  Kleptomania should be distinguished from ordinary theft or shoplifting. Ordinary theft (whether planned or impulsive) is deliberate and is motivated by the usefulness of the object or its monetary worth. […] Kleptomania should be distinguished from intentional or inadvertent stealing that may occur during a manic episode (e.g. – bipolar disorder), in response to delusions or hallucinations (e.g. – schizophrenia), or as a result of a major neurocognitive disorder (e.g. – frontotemporal dementia). […] Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) may be prescribed for kleptomania. […] Naltrexone has been investigated in the treatment of kleptomania. […] Cognitive strategies including exposure response and prevention (ERP), similar to treatment in OCD, have also been investigated.

• #17 Kleptomania: 4 Tips for better diagnosis and treatment | MDedge

  https://www.mdedge.com/psychiatry/article/226314/kleptomania-4-tips-better-diagnosis-and-treatment

  1. Screen for kleptomania in patients with other psychiatric disorders because kleptomania often is comorbid with other mental illnesses. Patients who present for evaluation of a mood disorder, substance use, anxiety disorders, eating disorders, impulse control disorders, conduct disorder, and obsessive-compulsive disorder should be screened for kleptomania. […] 2. Distinguish kleptomania from other diagnoses that can include stealing. Because stealing can be a symptom of several other psychiatric disorders, misdiagnosis is fairly common. The differential can include bipolar disorder, borderline personality disorder, antisocial personality disorder, and eating disorder. […] 3. Select an appropriate treatment. There are no FDA-approved medications for kleptomania, but some agents may help. In an 8-week, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial, 25 patients with kleptomania who received naltrexone (50 to 150 mg/d) demonstrated significant reductions in stealing urges and behavior. Some evidence suggests a combination of pharmacologic and behavioral therapy (cognitive-behavioral therapy, covert sensitization, and systemic desensitization) may be the optimal treatment strategy for kleptomania. […] 4. Monitor progress. After initiating treatment, use the Kleptomania Symptom Assessment Scale (K-SAS) to determine treatment efficacy. The K-SAS is an 11-item self-report questionnaire that assesses the severity of kleptomania symptoms during the past week.

• #18 Kleptomania DSM-5 302.32 (F63.3)

  https://www.theravive.com/therapedia/kleptomania-dsm–5-302.32-(f63.3)

  Kleptomania is an impulse control disorder characterized by the inability to resist the impulse to steal. […] Diagnosis of kleptomania is often based on a combination of patient reports, diagnostic scales, and legal records pertaining to instances of the kleptomaniac being caught during thieving. It is important that kleptomania be distinguished from ordinary acts of shoplifting, from other disorders, such as antisocial personality disorder, conduct disorder, manic, psychotic, or major neurocognitive disorders (The American Psychiatric Association). […] When using psychometric scales to diagnose kleptomania, it is useful to consider the results of the Yale Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale, Modified for Kleptomania (K-YBOCS) and the Kleptomania Symptom Assessment Scale (K-SAS), as well as other measures of depression, general functioning, anxiety, and psychosocial functioning (Grant, Kim, Odlaug, 2009).

• #19 Kleptomania – Neuropedia

  https://neuropedia.net/articles/psychiatry/neurodevelopmental/kleptomania/

  Kleptomania, characterized by recurrent urges to steal non-valuable items, has been recognized as a psychiatric disorder since its official classification in 1980. […] The diagnosis of kleptomania requires careful evaluation considering its overlap with other psychiatric conditions. Physical examinations and psychological assessments, along with standardized diagnostic instruments, aid in accurate diagnosis and validation of the disorder. […] kleptomania diagnosis is not always easy due to its close link with other psychiatric comorbidities which implies careful and accurate evaluation. […] The main diagnostic feature is the uncontrollable impulse of stealing items that are non-valuable to the concerned person. […] Physical exams as well as psychological evaluations are often required. Here are some tests recommended to rule out other conditions and validate the diagnosis: Firstly, a valid diagnostic instrument that incorporates all DSM-5 criteria for kleptomania would be the Structured Clinical Interview for Kleptomania (SCI-K).

• #20 Kleptomania – Neuropedia

  https://neuropedia.net/articles/psychiatry/neurodevelopmental/kleptomania/

  The Clinical Global Impression-Severity scale (CGI), consists of a score from 1 to 7, used to assess the severity of the illness. […] The Kleptomania Symptom Assessment Scale (K-SAS) is an 11-item self-report scale that also assesses the severity of clinical symptoms of the disease. […] Similarly, the Sheehan Disability Scale (SDS) is a 3-question, self-report measure that examines the effect of kleptomania in three domains: occupational life, social life, and family life.

• #21 Kleptomania: 4 Tips for better diagnosis and treatment | MDedge

  https://mdedge.com/psychiatry/article/226314/kleptomania-4-tips-better-diagnosis-and-treatment

  1. Screen for kleptomania in patients with other psychiatric disorders because kleptomania often is comorbid with other mental illnesses. Patients who present for evaluation of a mood disorder, substance use, anxiety disorders, eating disorders, impulse control disorders, conduct disorder, and obsessive-compulsive disorder should be screened for kleptomania. […] 2. Distinguish kleptomania from other diagnoses that can include stealing. Because stealing can be a symptom of several other psychiatric disorders, misdiagnosis is fairly common. […] 3. Select an appropriate treatment. There are no FDA-approved medications for kleptomania, but some agents may help. In an 8-week, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial, 25 patients with kleptomania who received naltrexone (50 to 150 mg/d) demonstrated significant reductions in stealing urges and behavior. […] 4. Monitor progress. After initiating treatment, use the Kleptomania Symptom Assessment Scale (K-SAS) to determine treatment efficacy. The K-SAS is an 11-item self-report questionnaire that assesses the severity of kleptomania symptoms during the past week.

• #22 Kleptomania: 4 Tips for better diagnosis and treatment | MDedge

  https://community.the-hospitalist.org/content/kleptomania-4-tips-better-diagnosis-and-treatment

  3. Select an appropriate treatment. There are no FDA-approved medications for kleptomania, but some agents may help. In an 8-week, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial, 25 patients with kleptomania who received naltrexone (50 to 150 mg/d) demonstrated significant reductions in stealing urges and behavior. Some evidence suggests a combination of pharmacologic and behavioral therapy (cognitive-behavioral therapy, covert sensitization, and systemic desensitization) may be the optimal treatment strategy for kleptomania. […] 4. Monitor progress. After initiating treatment, use the Kleptomania Symptom Assessment Scale (K-SAS) to determine treatment efficacy. The K-SAS is an 11-item self-report questionnaire that assesses the severity of kleptomania symptoms during the past week.

• #23 Kleptomania: Understanding the Complexities of a Compulsive Disorder – Eternal Purpose Recovery

  https://www.eternalpurposerecovery.com/uncategorized/kleptomania-understanding-the-complexities-of-a-compulsive-disorder/

  Kleptomania is classified as an impulse control disorder in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5). It is characterized by recurrent episodes of compulsive stealing that are not motivated by anger, vengeance, or financial gain. Individuals with kleptomania often experience a sense of tension or arousal before committing theft, followed by a feeling of relief or gratification afterward, despite feelings of guilt, remorse, or fear of consequences. […] To be diagnosed with kleptomania, these symptoms must cause significant distress or impairment in social, occupational, or other important areas of functioning. […] Diagnosing kleptomania involves a comprehensive psychiatric evaluation, including a thorough assessment of symptoms, medical history, and psychosocial factors.

• #24

  https://continentalhospitals.com/diseases/kleptomania/

  Kleptomania is a mental health disorder characterized by a recurrent inability to resist urges to steal items that are typically of little value and not needed for personal use or monetary gain. […] If you suspect you or someone else is experiencing Kleptomania, it is crucial to seek immediate medical attention by calling emergency services or consult with a Psychologist. […] Symptoms must meet criteria outlined in the DSM-5, including recurrent failure to resist impulses to steal items that are not needed for personal use or monetary value. […] Evidence of repetitive theft, often items of trivial value, despite potential consequences. […] Assessment of underlying psychological factors contributing to the behavior, such as stress, anxiety, or mood disorders. […] Exclusion of other conditions that may present with similar symptoms (e.g., conduct disorder, antisocial personality disorder).

• #25

  https://continentalhospitals.com/diseases/kleptomania/

  Gathering information about the onset, frequency, and circumstances of stealing episodes. […] Rule out medical conditions or substance use that could mimic or exacerbate symptoms. […] Input from family members or close contacts to corroborate the behavior and its impact. […] Determination of how the behavior affects daily functioning and relationships. […] Understanding how cultural norms and individual circumstances influence the behavior. […] Development of a treatment plan based on the assessment findings, which may include psychotherapy, medication, or both, tailored to the individual’s needs.

• #26 Overview of Kleptomania and Phenomenological Description of 40 Patients

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC535651/

  Despite its considerable personal toll and its impact on the economy and the legal system, kleptomania is an understudied psychiatric disorder. […] We review what is known about the epidemiology, course, and treatment of kleptomania and describe 40 patients meeting DSM-IV criteria for the disorder. […] Our data suggest a female preponderance, with an early age at onset and most often a continuous course. […] The majority of our subjects had not received treatment for kleptomania despite often having sought help for comorbid psychiatric conditions, most commonly major depressive disorder. […] Because patients with kleptomania rarely seek psychiatric help for the disorder, we indicate how other health care providers can screen for it, possibly as part of taking patients’ legal and social histories, and suggest treatments.

• #27 Overview of Kleptomania and Phenomenological Description of 40 Patients

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC535651/

  Kleptomania is thought to account for 5% of shoplifting. […] Here, we describe the demographic and clinical characteristics of 40 subjects meeting DSM-IV criteria for kleptomania. […] Of the 40 study participants, only 2 subjects (5.0%) had received medication treatment for kleptomania. […] Thirteen participants (32.5%) had received counseling specifically targeting kleptomania. […] Thirty-four subjects (85.0%) had a lifetime comorbid psychiatric diagnosis, with major depressive disorder being by far the most common comorbid condition. […] Thirty-one subjects (77.5%) had been arrested for shoplifting. […] Our results also underline the high emotional and professional costs this disorder levies on the individual: arrests, jail time, disrupted relationships, and blighted careers.

• #28 SciELO Brazil – Cleptomania: características clínicas e tratamento Cleptomania: características clínicas e tratamento

  https://www.scielo.br/j/rbp/a/wZ4Lq3zQbM4N5ccsb4QYBms/?lang=en

  Studies using clinical samples have consistently reported that the majority (approximately two-thirds) of kleptomania patients are women. […] For both men and women with kleptomania, lifetime psychiatric comorbidity with other impulse control (20-46%), substance use (23-50%) and mood (45-100%) disorders are common. […] Individuals with kleptomania suffer significant impairment in their ability to function socially and occupationally. […] In addition to the emotional consequences of kleptomania, many patients with kleptomania have faced legal difficulties due to their behavior. […] Although pharmacotherapy and psychotherapy have shown some early promise in treating kleptomania, only a small number of subjects have been examined. […] Currently, there are no medications approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in the United States to treat kleptomania.

• #29 Overview of Kleptomania and Phenomenological Description of 40 Patients

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC535651/

  Kleptomania is thought to account for 5% of shoplifting. […] Here, we describe the demographic and clinical characteristics of 40 subjects meeting DSM-IV criteria for kleptomania. […] Of the 40 study participants, only 2 subjects (5.0%) had received medication treatment for kleptomania. […] Thirteen participants (32.5%) had received counseling specifically targeting kleptomania. […] Thirty-four subjects (85.0%) had a lifetime comorbid psychiatric diagnosis, with major depressive disorder being by far the most common comorbid condition. […] Thirty-one subjects (77.5%) had been arrested for shoplifting. […] Our results also underline the high emotional and professional costs this disorder levies on the individual: arrests, jail time, disrupted relationships, and blighted careers.

• #30 Kleptomania: 4 Tips for better diagnosis and treatment | MDedge

  https://community.the-hospitalist.org/content/kleptomania-4-tips-better-diagnosis-and-treatment

  1. Screen for kleptomania in patients with other psychiatric disorders because kleptomania often is comorbid with other mental illnesses. Patients who present for evaluation of a mood disorder, substance use, anxiety disorders, eating disorders, impulse control disorders, conduct disorder, and obsessive-compulsive disorder should be screened for kleptomania. Patients with kleptomania often are reluctant to discuss their stealing because they may experience humiliation and guilt related to theft. Undiagnosed kleptomania can be fatal; a study of suicide attempts in 107 individuals with kleptomania found that 92% of the patients attributed their attempt specifically to kleptomania. […] 2. Distinguish kleptomania from other diagnoses that can include stealing. Because stealing can be a symptom of several other psychiatric disorders, misdiagnosis is fairly common. The differential can include bipolar disorder, borderline personality disorder, antisocial personality disorder, and eating disorder.

• #31 Kleptomania: 4 Tips for better diagnosis and treatment | MDedge

  https://mdedge.com/psychiatry/article/226314/kleptomania-4-tips-better-diagnosis-and-treatment

  Kleptomania is characterized by a recurrent failure to resist impulses to steal objects that are not needed for personal use or their monetary value. It is a rare disorder; an estimated 0.3% to 0.6% of the general population meet DSM-5 criteria for kleptomania. Kleptomania usually begins in early adolescence and is more common among females than males (3:1). Although DSM-5 does not outline how long symptoms need to be present for patients to meet the diagnostic criteria, the disorder may persist for years, even when patients face legal consequences. […] Due to the clinical ambiguities surrounding kleptomania, it remains one of psychiatry’s most poorly understood diagnoses and regularly goes undiagnosed and untreated. Here we provide 4 tips for better diagnosis and treatment of this condition.

• #32 Kleptomania: 4 Tips for better diagnosis and treatment | MDedge

  https://community.the-hospitalist.org/content/kleptomania-4-tips-better-diagnosis-and-treatment

  1. Screen for kleptomania in patients with other psychiatric disorders because kleptomania often is comorbid with other mental illnesses. Patients who present for evaluation of a mood disorder, substance use, anxiety disorders, eating disorders, impulse control disorders, conduct disorder, and obsessive-compulsive disorder should be screened for kleptomania. Patients with kleptomania often are reluctant to discuss their stealing because they may experience humiliation and guilt related to theft. Undiagnosed kleptomania can be fatal; a study of suicide attempts in 107 individuals with kleptomania found that 92% of the patients attributed their attempt specifically to kleptomania. […] 2. Distinguish kleptomania from other diagnoses that can include stealing. Because stealing can be a symptom of several other psychiatric disorders, misdiagnosis is fairly common. The differential can include bipolar disorder, borderline personality disorder, antisocial personality disorder, and eating disorder.

• #33 Kleptomania: 4 Tips for better diagnosis and treatment | MDedge

  https://community.the-hospitalist.org/content/kleptomania-4-tips-better-diagnosis-and-treatment

  1. Screen for kleptomania in patients with other psychiatric disorders because kleptomania often is comorbid with other mental illnesses. Patients who present for evaluation of a mood disorder, substance use, anxiety disorders, eating disorders, impulse control disorders, conduct disorder, and obsessive-compulsive disorder should be screened for kleptomania. Patients with kleptomania often are reluctant to discuss their stealing because they may experience humiliation and guilt related to theft. Undiagnosed kleptomania can be fatal; a study of suicide attempts in 107 individuals with kleptomania found that 92% of the patients attributed their attempt specifically to kleptomania. […] 2. Distinguish kleptomania from other diagnoses that can include stealing. Because stealing can be a symptom of several other psychiatric disorders, misdiagnosis is fairly common. The differential can include bipolar disorder, borderline personality disorder, antisocial personality disorder, and eating disorder.

• #34 Kleptomania: What It Is, Causes, Symptoms & Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/9878-kleptomania

  Kleptomania is a mental health condition where a person feels an uncontrollable urge to steal things. […] Experts classify kleptomania as an impulse control disorder. […] According to the American Psychiatric Associations Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition-TR, there are five criteria that a person must meet for a healthcare provider to diagnose kleptomania: […] There arent any tests of any kind that can diagnose kleptomania. […] Kleptomania is a mental health condition that isnt always easy to diagnose. […] Because of these factors, a trained, qualified healthcare provider should be the person to diagnose and treat kleptomania. […] While kleptomania is usually a permanent condition, people can regain control over these impulses and stop themselves from stealing. […] People are most likely to succeed at controlling these impulses with treatment and support.

• #35 Kleptomania: What It Is, Causes, Symptoms & Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/9878-kleptomania

  Kleptomania is a mental health condition where a person feels an uncontrollable urge to steal things. […] Experts classify kleptomania as an impulse control disorder. […] According to the American Psychiatric Associations Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition-TR, there are five criteria that a person must meet for a healthcare provider to diagnose kleptomania: […] There arent any tests of any kind that can diagnose kleptomania. […] Kleptomania is a mental health condition that isnt always easy to diagnose. […] Because of these factors, a trained, qualified healthcare provider should be the person to diagnose and treat kleptomania. […] While kleptomania is usually a permanent condition, people can regain control over these impulses and stop themselves from stealing. […] People are most likely to succeed at controlling these impulses with treatment and support.

• #36 Psychiatry.org – Kleptomania

  https://www.psychiatry.org/news-room/apa-blogs/kleptomania

  A. Recurrent failure to resist impulses to steal objects that are not needed for personal use or for their monetary value. […] B. Increasing sense of tension immediately before committing the theft. […] C. Pleasure, gratification, or relief at the time of committing the theft. […] D. The stealing is not committed to express anger or vengeance and is not in response to a delusion or a hallucination. […] E. The stealing is not better explained by conduct disorder, a manic episode, or antisocial personality disorder. […] Kleptomania is diagnosed based on signs and symptoms and treatment typically involves psychotherapy, medication or both. Cognitive behavioral therapy, a type of talk therapy, can help people to understand the impulses and unhealthy beliefs and behaviors and learn how to respond in healthy, positive ways. Some medication, such as antidepressants or medication used to reduce urges in people with addictions, may be helpful. However, there are no specific medications approved by the FDA for kleptomania. Therapy or medication may also be helpful in treating other conditions occurring at the same time, such as depression or anxiety.

• #37 Kleptomania – PsychDB

  https://www.psychdb.com/child/disruptive-impulsive/kleptomania

  Kleptomania should be distinguished from ordinary theft or shoplifting. Ordinary theft (whether planned or impulsive) is deliberate and is motivated by the usefulness of the object or its monetary worth. […] Kleptomania should be distinguished from intentional or inadvertent stealing that may occur during a manic episode (e.g. – bipolar disorder), in response to delusions or hallucinations (e.g. – schizophrenia), or as a result of a major neurocognitive disorder (e.g. – frontotemporal dementia). […] Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) may be prescribed for kleptomania. […] Naltrexone has been investigated in the treatment of kleptomania. […] Cognitive strategies including exposure response and prevention (ERP), similar to treatment in OCD, have also been investigated.

• #38 Kleptomania: 4 Tips for better diagnosis and treatment | MDedge

  https://mdedge.com/psychiatry/article/226314/kleptomania-4-tips-better-diagnosis-and-treatment

  1. Screen for kleptomania in patients with other psychiatric disorders because kleptomania often is comorbid with other mental illnesses. Patients who present for evaluation of a mood disorder, substance use, anxiety disorders, eating disorders, impulse control disorders, conduct disorder, and obsessive-compulsive disorder should be screened for kleptomania. […] 2. Distinguish kleptomania from other diagnoses that can include stealing. Because stealing can be a symptom of several other psychiatric disorders, misdiagnosis is fairly common. […] 3. Select an appropriate treatment. There are no FDA-approved medications for kleptomania, but some agents may help. In an 8-week, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial, 25 patients with kleptomania who received naltrexone (50 to 150 mg/d) demonstrated significant reductions in stealing urges and behavior. […] 4. Monitor progress. After initiating treatment, use the Kleptomania Symptom Assessment Scale (K-SAS) to determine treatment efficacy. The K-SAS is an 11-item self-report questionnaire that assesses the severity of kleptomania symptoms during the past week.

• #39 Kleptomania: 4 Tips for better diagnosis and treatment | MDedge

  https://community.the-hospitalist.org/content/kleptomania-4-tips-better-diagnosis-and-treatment

  3. Select an appropriate treatment. There are no FDA-approved medications for kleptomania, but some agents may help. In an 8-week, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial, 25 patients with kleptomania who received naltrexone (50 to 150 mg/d) demonstrated significant reductions in stealing urges and behavior. Some evidence suggests a combination of pharmacologic and behavioral therapy (cognitive-behavioral therapy, covert sensitization, and systemic desensitization) may be the optimal treatment strategy for kleptomania. […] 4. Monitor progress. After initiating treatment, use the Kleptomania Symptom Assessment Scale (K-SAS) to determine treatment efficacy. The K-SAS is an 11-item self-report questionnaire that assesses the severity of kleptomania symptoms during the past week.

• #40 Overview of Kleptomania and Phenomenological Description of 40 Patients

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC535651/

  Given the success in double-blind placebo-controlled trials of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) in the treatment of other impulse control disorders, it is plausible that kleptomania may be similarly responsive. […] One reasonable pharmacologic approach would be to start an SSRI and gradually increase the dose to the maximum comfortably tolerated dose consistent with U.S. Food and Drug Administration-approved use. […] Given the secrecy and embarrassment that surround it, kleptomania often goes undiagnosed. […] Empathy, careful diagnosis, and early intervention are crucial if we are to mitigate the considerable personal, legal, and economic costs of kleptomania. […] Research comparing various psychotherapy and medication approaches to treating this disorder is clearly needed.

• #41 Psychiatry.org – Kleptomania

  https://www.psychiatry.org/news-room/apa-blogs/kleptomania

  A. Recurrent failure to resist impulses to steal objects that are not needed for personal use or for their monetary value. […] B. Increasing sense of tension immediately before committing the theft. […] C. Pleasure, gratification, or relief at the time of committing the theft. […] D. The stealing is not committed to express anger or vengeance and is not in response to a delusion or a hallucination. […] E. The stealing is not better explained by conduct disorder, a manic episode, or antisocial personality disorder. […] Kleptomania is diagnosed based on signs and symptoms and treatment typically involves psychotherapy, medication or both. Cognitive behavioral therapy, a type of talk therapy, can help people to understand the impulses and unhealthy beliefs and behaviors and learn how to respond in healthy, positive ways. Some medication, such as antidepressants or medication used to reduce urges in people with addictions, may be helpful. However, there are no specific medications approved by the FDA for kleptomania. Therapy or medication may also be helpful in treating other conditions occurring at the same time, such as depression or anxiety.

• #42 Kleptomania: Causes, Symptoms, Treatment DSM-5 312.32 (F63.2)

  https://thriveworks.com/blog/kleptomania-causes-symptoms-treatment/

  The urge to steal items cant be resisted, and they really dont need or even want the things they steal. […] Kleptomania is a type of impulse control disorder that, in spite of their resistance, people have the urge to continue to do it. […] Kleptomania is not like shoplifting, which is done for personal gain, peer pressure/a dare, or out of rebellion. In Kleptomania, the urge to steal is powerful and irresistible. […] With a drive to steal that they feel cant be stopped, people with Kleptomania feel guilt after theft, often trying to return the items that are stolen. […] Individuals with Kleptomania may have difficulties in relationships because of stealing from their family members and friends. […] People who have Kleptomania risk legal problems, since stealing is a crime. […] The exact cause of Kleptomania is unknown, but there may be a relationship between impulse control disorders and chemicals in the brain (neurotransmitters) that assist the nerve cells in the brain that carry messages to each other. […] Psychotherapy is usually the treatment for impulse control disorders. […] Treatment for Kleptomania has been successful, and the impulse to steal may lessen as the person gets older.

• #43 Kleptomania – PsychDB

  https://www.psychdb.com/child/disruptive-impulsive/kleptomania

  Kleptomania should be distinguished from ordinary theft or shoplifting. Ordinary theft (whether planned or impulsive) is deliberate and is motivated by the usefulness of the object or its monetary worth. […] Kleptomania should be distinguished from intentional or inadvertent stealing that may occur during a manic episode (e.g. – bipolar disorder), in response to delusions or hallucinations (e.g. – schizophrenia), or as a result of a major neurocognitive disorder (e.g. – frontotemporal dementia). […] Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) may be prescribed for kleptomania. […] Naltrexone has been investigated in the treatment of kleptomania. […] Cognitive strategies including exposure response and prevention (ERP), similar to treatment in OCD, have also been investigated.

• #44 Kleptomania: 4 Tips for better diagnosis and treatment | MDedge

  https://community.the-hospitalist.org/content/kleptomania-4-tips-better-diagnosis-and-treatment

  3. Select an appropriate treatment. There are no FDA-approved medications for kleptomania, but some agents may help. In an 8-week, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial, 25 patients with kleptomania who received naltrexone (50 to 150 mg/d) demonstrated significant reductions in stealing urges and behavior. Some evidence suggests a combination of pharmacologic and behavioral therapy (cognitive-behavioral therapy, covert sensitization, and systemic desensitization) may be the optimal treatment strategy for kleptomania. […] 4. Monitor progress. After initiating treatment, use the Kleptomania Symptom Assessment Scale (K-SAS) to determine treatment efficacy. The K-SAS is an 11-item self-report questionnaire that assesses the severity of kleptomania symptoms during the past week.

• #45 Kleptomania: 4 Tips for better diagnosis and treatment | MDedge

  https://community.the-hospitalist.org/content/kleptomania-4-tips-better-diagnosis-and-treatment

  3. Select an appropriate treatment. There are no FDA-approved medications for kleptomania, but some agents may help. In an 8-week, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial, 25 patients with kleptomania who received naltrexone (50 to 150 mg/d) demonstrated significant reductions in stealing urges and behavior. Some evidence suggests a combination of pharmacologic and behavioral therapy (cognitive-behavioral therapy, covert sensitization, and systemic desensitization) may be the optimal treatment strategy for kleptomania. […] 4. Monitor progress. After initiating treatment, use the Kleptomania Symptom Assessment Scale (K-SAS) to determine treatment efficacy. The K-SAS is an 11-item self-report questionnaire that assesses the severity of kleptomania symptoms during the past week.

• #46 Kleptomania: Diagnosis and Treatment – Terapia Online Presencial Madrid | Mentes Abiertas

  https://www.mentesabiertaspsicologia.com/blog-psicologia/kleptomania-diagnosis-and-treatment

  Kleptomania is a rare but significant psychological disorder characterized by the uncontrollable urge to steal objects without any real need to possess them. […] To diagnose kleptomania, a mental health professional, such as a psychologist or psychiatrist will conduct a thorough evaluation that may include clinical interviews, psychological testing, and behavioral observation. […] Treatment of kleptomania is usually multidisciplinary and personalized, adapting to the specific needs of each individual. […] It is important to recognize the symptoms, understand the possible causes, and seek professional help if you suspect you have this disorder.

• #47 Kleptomania Disorder Treatment, Rehab Programs and More

  https://www.addictiontreatmentcenterinfopros.com/kleptomania-treatment-centers/

  Kleptomania is a recurrent inability to actually resist stealing urges. […] The best way to diagnosis kleptomania is to see a professional like a licensed psychologist or psychiatrist. […] The diagnosis may include both psychological and physical assessments. […] For the diagnosis of kleptomania, the commonly used tool/criteria are the American Psychiatric Association (APA), Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5). […] If the disorder is connected to other medical conditions, then the health implications will be worse. […] Kleptomania is often co-occurring with alcohol or drug use disorders. […] Most of the people who have kleptomania disorder end up living in secret and in great shame. […] This disorder can be treated using therapy, also called psychotherapy or with medication such as selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) and other antidepressants.

• #48 Psychiatry.org – Kleptomania

  https://www.psychiatry.org/news-room/apa-blogs/kleptomania

  A. Recurrent failure to resist impulses to steal objects that are not needed for personal use or for their monetary value. […] B. Increasing sense of tension immediately before committing the theft. […] C. Pleasure, gratification, or relief at the time of committing the theft. […] D. The stealing is not committed to express anger or vengeance and is not in response to a delusion or a hallucination. […] E. The stealing is not better explained by conduct disorder, a manic episode, or antisocial personality disorder. […] Kleptomania is diagnosed based on signs and symptoms and treatment typically involves psychotherapy, medication or both. Cognitive behavioral therapy, a type of talk therapy, can help people to understand the impulses and unhealthy beliefs and behaviors and learn how to respond in healthy, positive ways. Some medication, such as antidepressants or medication used to reduce urges in people with addictions, may be helpful. However, there are no specific medications approved by the FDA for kleptomania. Therapy or medication may also be helpful in treating other conditions occurring at the same time, such as depression or anxiety.

• #49 Kleptomania: What It Is, Causes, Symptoms & Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/9878-kleptomania

  Kleptomania is a mental health condition where a person feels an uncontrollable urge to steal things. […] Experts classify kleptomania as an impulse control disorder. […] According to the American Psychiatric Associations Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition-TR, there are five criteria that a person must meet for a healthcare provider to diagnose kleptomania: […] There arent any tests of any kind that can diagnose kleptomania. […] Kleptomania is a mental health condition that isnt always easy to diagnose. […] Because of these factors, a trained, qualified healthcare provider should be the person to diagnose and treat kleptomania. […] While kleptomania is usually a permanent condition, people can regain control over these impulses and stop themselves from stealing. […] People are most likely to succeed at controlling these impulses with treatment and support.

• #50 Kleptomania And Addiction – Addiction Resource

  https://www.addictionresource.net/dual-diagnosis/impulse-control-disorders/kleptomania/

  There may be a direct connection between kleptomania and substance use disorder. When kleptomania and substance abuse occur together, dual diagnosis treatment is recommended to treat the underlying factors of both disorders. […] Diagnosing substance abuse and kleptomania is based on: evaluation of an individuals family history, evaluation of medical history, presence of mental illness, other presenting symptoms and personal characteristics. […] Treatment recovery rates are higher when treating both kleptomania and substance abuse simultaneously.

• #51 Kleptomania: Understanding the Complexities of a Compulsive Disorder – Eternal Purpose Recovery

  https://www.eternalpurposerecovery.com/uncategorized/kleptomania-understanding-the-complexities-of-a-compulsive-disorder/

  The prognosis for kleptomania varies depending on several factors, including the severity of symptoms, presence of comorbid conditions, and adherence to treatment. Early intervention and comprehensive treatment planning can improve outcomes and reduce the risk of legal consequences, financial problems, or social isolation associated with the disorder.

• #52 Kleptomania – Symptoms and causes – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/kleptomania/symptoms-causes/syc-20364732

  Kleptomania is a mental health disorder that involves repeatedly being unable to resist urges to steal items that you generally don’t really need. […] Although there’s no cure for kleptomania, treatment with medicine or skill-building therapy that focuses on dealing with urges may help to end the cycle of compulsive stealing. […] If you can’t stop shoplifting or stealing, seek medical advice. […] However, a mental health provider usually doesn’t report your thefts to authorities. […] Treatments are available that may help to minimize the urge to steal and live without addiction and shame. […] The causes of kleptomania are not known. […] More research is needed to better understand these possible causes, but kleptomania may be linked to: Problems with a naturally occurring brain chemical called serotonin. […] Left untreated, kleptomania can result in severe emotional, family, work, legal and financial problems. […] Getting treatment as soon as compulsive stealing begins may help prevent kleptomania from becoming worse and prevent some of the negative consequences.

• #53 Overview of Kleptomania and Phenomenological Description of 40 Patients

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC535651/

  Given the success in double-blind placebo-controlled trials of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) in the treatment of other impulse control disorders, it is plausible that kleptomania may be similarly responsive. […] One reasonable pharmacologic approach would be to start an SSRI and gradually increase the dose to the maximum comfortably tolerated dose consistent with U.S. Food and Drug Administration-approved use. […] Given the secrecy and embarrassment that surround it, kleptomania often goes undiagnosed. […] Empathy, careful diagnosis, and early intervention are crucial if we are to mitigate the considerable personal, legal, and economic costs of kleptomania. […] Research comparing various psychotherapy and medication approaches to treating this disorder is clearly needed.

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