Materiały źródłowe

• #1 Dermatographia (Dermatographism): What It Is, Causes & Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/17793-dermatographism-dermatographia

  Dermatographia is a skin condition that causes raised marks. Scratching, rubbing and pressure cause the reaction. It usually goes away within 30 minutes without treatment. […] Dermatographia is a common, benign (not harmful) skin condition. It causes you to develop raised marks (wheals) or a reaction similar to hives when you scratch your skin. […] Stress may cause or aggravate dermatographia. Reducing your stress may help prevent dermatographia flare-ups. […] The following can help reduce your risk of developing dermatographia: Avoid rubbing or scratching your skin. Wear loose clothing made from smooth materials that wick away moisture. Avoid itchy clothing, such as wool. Use a mild soap for your bath or shower, and pat your skin dry instead of rubbing it. Apply a moisturizing cream or ointment immediately after drying your skin to help seal in the moisture. Take baths or showers with lukewarm water, not hot water. Use a humidifier. Learn to recognize stress in your life and how to manage it. […] Dermatographia is annoying, especially if its itchy, and it may even be embarrassing. However, its common and very normal, and it usually doesnt affect your quality of life. With a proper skin care routine, stress management and treatment, you can reduce its impact.

• #1 How Do You Get Rid of Dermatographia?

  https://www.medicinenet.com/how_do_you_get_rid_of_dermatographia/article.htm

  How do you prevent dermatographia? It may not be possible to entirely prevent dermatographia, but the severity of symptoms may be reduced by taking some of the following precautions: […] Use moisturizers to prevent the skin from getting dry, which can cause an urge to scratch. […] Avoid using harsh soaps and other products that may irritate the skin. […] Wear loose cotton clothes. […] Avoid wearing woolen clothes next to the skin, which can irritate. […] Try to reduce stress and anxiety. […] Try to avoid hot conditions and hydrate adequately. […] Avoid excessively hot baths. […] Pat dry gently after a shower instead of rubbing down. […] Minimize exposure to the sun and wear sunscreen. […] Include in your diet anti-inflammatory foods such as seafood, leafy green vegetables, whole grains, fruits, turmeric, garlic, and ginger.

• #1 Dermatographism Treatment | Juniper Allergy

  https://juniperallergy.com/conditions/dermatographism-san-antonio/

  Dermatographism, known as skin writing, is a prevalent phenomenon in which the skin develops an elevated, red response to tactile contact or slight abrasion. This occurrence is relatively widespread, affecting approximately 5% of the population. […] Identifying and avoiding personal triggers is essential to manage symptoms since triggers vary from person to person. Keeping a diary of signs, triggers and symptoms can help to identify these triggers. […] Cotton clothing that is loose-fitting and breathable can help to reduce irritation and inflammation. […] An allergist or dermatologist can provide a proper diagnosis and management plan for this condition. […] It is essential to seek a dermatologist or allergists counsel to receive a definitive diagnosis and devise a suitable course of action for the condition.

• #1 Dermatographia – dermascope

  https://www.dermascope.com/dermatographia/

  Dermatographia is an unusual chronic condition, also referred to as skin writing, and dermographism or dermatographic urticaria. It is considered one of the many forms of dermatitis. […] Individuals can avoid outbreaks by refraining from any known triggers, which include the following: Rubbing or pressure on the skin, Any irritant that causes itching, Heat (hot showers or the sauna), Stress, Forms of exercise that involve skin rubbing (wrestling can be one example), Dry weather, Infection, Certain medications including penicillin. […] Because itchiness is triggered by histamine release, antihistamines are often suggested to suppress the itching. Common antihistamine medications include Benadryl, Allegra, Zyrtec, or Xyzal. Individuals should always speak to a physician before taking a new drug, as certain medications can react unfavorably with prescriptions that are currently being taken.

• #1 Dermatographism: Causes, Symptoms, Diagnosis, and Treatment

  https://www.verywellhealth.com/dermographism-autoimmune-disease-5322833

  Protect yourself from the sun: Excessive sun exposure also causes dryness and itching. When out in the sun, use a minimum SPF 30 sunscreen and moisturize when you return home. Avoid the midday sun, and keep yourself well-covered with a hat, long sleeves, and sunglasses whenever in bright sunlight. […] Good daily skin care can prevent the development of dermatographic hives. Keeping your skin soft and well-hydrated with an emollient moisturizer will make you less likely to experience dryness that can lead to itching and scratching.

• #1 Dermatographism: Causes, Symptoms, Diagnosis, and Treatment

  https://www.verywellhealth.com/dermographism-autoimmune-disease-5322833

  Dermatographism rarely requires treatment, but can often be prevented by avoiding the things that can cause a rash. […] Avoid skin irritants: Harsh soaps, scented lotions, alcohol-based cleansers, and perfumes can cause skin irritation, leading to scratching and the onset of a rash. […] Bathe wisely: Hot baths and showers can strip away much-needed oils, resulting in itchy, dry skin. Take shorter baths and showers with cooler water. Pat rather than rub the skin dry. Immediately moisturize to keep skin soft and hydrated. […] Wear soft, loose-fitting clothes: Avoid scratchy fabrics, heavy wools, and clothes that feel tight or abrasive. […] Keep your fingernails short: Trimming and filing your nails can help reduce the risk of accidental scratches. […] Drink lots of water: Your skin consists of nearly 65% water, and it needs regular infusions of this nutrient to stay healthy. Dehydration can lead to skin dryness and itchiness.

• #1

  https://www.kuh.ku.edu.tr/mayo-clinic-care-network/mayo-clinic-health-information-library/diseases-conditions/dermatographia-dermatographism

  Dermatographia is a condition in which lightly scratching your skin causes raised, inflamed lines or welts. These marks tend to go away in less than 30 minutes. The condition is also known as dermatographism and skin writing. […] Dermatographia is harmless. Most people who have this condition don’t need treatment. If your symptoms bother you, talk with your health care provider, who might prescribe an allergy medicine. […] Try these tips to reduce discomfort and prevent the symptoms of dermatographia: Treat skin gently. Use a mild soap or nonsoap cleanser and pat skin dry. Wear things made of cloth that doesn’t itch. Use warm water when you take a bath or shower. Don’t scratch your skin. Try not to scratch. This is a good tip for any skin condition. Keep your skin moisturized. Use creams, lotions or ointments daily. Creams and ointments are thicker and tend to work better than lotions do. Apply your skin product while your skin is still damp from washing. Use it again during the day as needed.

• #1 Dermatographia: Symptoms, Causes, Treatment, and More

  https://www.healthline.com/health/dermatographia

  Dermatographia refers to a condition in which seemingly minor scratches turn into temporary but significant reactions. […] Despite the discomfort dermatographia may cause, the negative reactions may be preventable. Consider the following lifestyle changes and preventive measures you can take: Avoid itchy clothes and bedding. Wool and synthetic materials are common skin irritants. Use soaps without fragrance. These added chemicals and dyes can make your skin itchy. Take cool or lukewarm showers. Use a humidifier during cool, dry months. Moisturize your skin daily. For best results, use a moisturizing lotion or cream within a few minutes of bathing. Avoid scratching your skin if possible. Treating itchy skin can help avoid scratches. Manage your stress. Exercise, adequate sleep, and meditation can alleviate stress.

• #1 Dermatographia: Symptoms, Causes and Treatment

  https://resources.healthgrades.com/right-care/skin-hair-and-nails/dermatographia

  Dermatographia does not usually need treatment. The following steps can help to ease your symptoms: […] Decrease your stress with light exercise, walking in nature, and mindfulness or breathing exercises. […] Remove physical stimuli such as pressure due to tight clothing and itchy materials such as wool. […] Bathe in lukewarm water, use mild soaps, and pat your skin dry instead of rubbing it. […] Apply moisturizers to the affected areas. […] When symptoms persist, your doctor can prescribe antihistamines for relief.

• #1 Dermographism

  https://dermnetnz.org/topics/dermographism

  Dermographism can last for months or years, with idiopathic symptomatic dermographism typically persisting on average for 6 years. […] General measures include loose fitting clothing, avoiding triggers such as very hot water or vigorous towel rubbing, treating associated causes if identified, such as scabies, and psychological counselling, anxiolytics, antidepressants. […] Specific treatments include second generation, non-sedating H1-antihistamines such as cetirizine or loratadine, which may be required in high dose and long-term, phototherapy, and omalizumab. […] Delayed dermographism appears to be treatment-resistant.

• #1 Dermatographism – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK531496/

  Dermatographism is a benign condition. Prevention and avoidance of precipitating factors such as physical stimuli and decreasing stressors are important factors in controlling dermatographism. Most patients are asymptomatic, and therapy should be restricted to symptomatic patients. Choice therapy includes treatment with H1 antihistamines such as cetirizine or loratadine. Omalizumab is under consideration in research trials focusing on treating dermatographism with 72% efficacy on 150 mg and 58% efficacy on 300 mg. Dermatographism can be unsettling in its laborious course without resolve. However, the condition is benign, and patients must know this. To properly educate, targeting the audience in a team-based approach is ideal. […] Encourage reduction of external stimuli, effective management, and treatment options.

• #1 Dermographism treated with Xolair – Los Angeles Allergist

  https://allergylosangeles.com/allergy-blog/dermographism-treated-xolair/

  Dermographism is the most common form of physical urticaria with a prevalence of up to 5%. Dermographism is characterized by itchy wheals that occur in response to friction, i.e. after rubbing or scratching of the skin and it usually lasts 1 to 2 hours. Dermographism usually lasts for years and it impacts quality of life. The underlying cause is unknown and the triggers are usually impossible to avoid. Treatment with antihistamines (claritin, zyrtec, allegra, xyzal) are the first choice of treatment. Standard daily dosing is usually not sufficient to suppress the rashes in dermographism and higher conventional dosing is often times needed. However some patients do not respond to higher dosing for dermographism. […] If you suffer from dermographism that is not controlled with conventional antihistamines, see a board certified allergy doctor who can discuss all possible treatment options best for you.

• #1 Dermographism Urticaria Treatment & Management: Approach Considerations, Activity

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1050294-treatment

  Dermographism can be distressing but is not life threatening. Patients with simple dermographism are asymptomatic and require no therapy. Patients with symptomatic dermographism should be treated until the problem is adequately controlled or resolved. […] Recognition of the problem, avoidance of precipitating physical stimuli, reduction of stress and anxiety are important factors in medical care. In addition, scratching because of dry skin can be reduced through good skin care and the use of emollients. […] Omalizumab, a recombinant humanized monoclonal antibody against immunoglobulin E (IgE), has been successfully used in patients with physical urticaria, including symptomatic dermographism. […] Adverse events appear generally low, with omalizumab being well tolerated by most patients, including children.

• #1 Dermographism Urticaria Treatment & Management: Approach Considerations, Activity

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1050294-treatment

  Reinitiation of omalizumab treatment after relapse of disease appears to result in rapid and complete symptom control again after the first injection within the first 4 weeks, and no relevant adverse effects have been reported. […] Narrowband ultraviolet (UV)-B phototherapy and oral psoralen plus UV-A light therapy have both been used as treatments for symptomatic dermographism. […] Physical exercise can positively impact disease activity in patients with symptomatic dermographism.

• #1 Narrowband ultraviolet B phototherapy is beneficial in antihistamine-resistant symptomatic dermographism: a pilot study – PubMed

  https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18774200/

  Narrowband UVB phototherapy is an effective second-line treatment for patients with severe symptomatic dermographism responding poorly to fexofenadine. This therapy can lead to subjective relief of pruritus and whealing and objective reduction of whealing. NB UVB phototherapy may restore symptom control with antihistamines in some patients.

• #1 Dermatographia in oral cavity unveiled: A case study – JOOO

  https://www.joooo.org/html-article/23094

  Dermatographia is a form of physical urticaria, quite uncommon in oral cavity characterized by elevated skin following localized erythema, oedema, and a flare-up reaction around it. […] No treatment was provided as the condition did not affect the quality life of the patient. Pharmacological therapy may include oral antihistamines, such as cetirizine or loratadine, to alleviate pruritus and reduce the frequency of wheal formation. Topical corticosteroids, such as triamcinolone acetonide or betamethasone, can be applied to affected sites for localized anti-inflammatory effects. […] Management of oral dermatographia focuses on symptomatic relief and prevention of exacerbating factors. Patients should be advised to avoid mechanical trauma to the oral mucosa and instructed on gentle oral hygiene practices. Pharmacological therapies may include oral antihistamines, such as cetirizine or loratadine, to alleviate pruritus and reduce the frequency of wheal formation. […] In Ayurveda, dietary limitations and lifestyle modifications are advised in addition to the use of internal Ayurvedic medications such as „Aragwadha amritadi kashaya,” „Ayaskriti,” „Varanadi kashaya,” and „Dashamoola hareetaki.”

• #1

  https://journals.lww.com/jpat/fulltext/2006/10010/oral_manifestations_of_dermographism.11.aspx

  Dermographism is a type of physical urticaria, which literally means writing on skin. Dermographism may be defined as 'the appearance of a linear wheal at the site of brisk stroke with a firm object or by any configuration appropriate to the eliciting event’. […] The increased sensitivity of oral tissues can lead to improper practice of oral hygiene habits, which can be crucial to oral health. […] Management consists of recognition of the problem avoidance of the precipitating physical stimuli reduction of stress and anxiety and symptomatic treatment. […] It is important to record a detailed drug history in these cases as these patients are reported to be allergic to commonly used drugs in dentistry like mouth washes, local anesthesia, analgesics, saline and the like. […] Careful attention has to be paid while managing these patients due to increased prevalence of allergic responses that are seen and due to increased sensitivity of oral and dermal tissues. […] Further studies are required to reveal the cause of this condition and also identify probable association with the oral cavity.

• #1 Based on a patient: Dermographism should be routinely investigated before every provocation test | Allergologia et Immunopathologia

  https://www.elsevier.es/en-revista-allergologia-et-immunopathologia-105-articulo-based-on-patient-dermographism-should-S0301054611003661

  Based on a patient: Dermographism should be routinely investigated before every provocation test […] In conclusion, even though DPTs are considered to be the gold standard to establish or exclude the diagnosis of drug allergy or intolerance, as we observed in our patient some causes such as symptomatic dermographism may cause false-positive test results. Careful investigation of symptomatic dermographism before performing DPTs may be helpful for the correct evaluation of test results. To our knowledge there is no clear information in the guidelines regarding this issue although investigating pre-existing symptoms such as urticaria has been suggested. […] Based on this patient we suggest that symptomatic dermographism should be routinely investigated as first step before all provocation tests such as food or drug even without suggestive history of symptomatic dermographism and in the presence of symptomatic dermographism it should be performed by eliminating physical stimuli.

• #1 Development of Migratory Dermatographism after Moderna COVID-19 Booster Vaccination – Southern Medical Association

  https://sma.org/abstracts/development-of-migratory-dermatographism-after-moderna-covid-19-booster-vaccination/

  With the advent of the new COVID-19 vaccination series, there has been dramatic reduction in the rate of spread of acute coronavirus disease. However, long term emergence of cutaneous or allergic reactions have yet to be understood. The development of these symptoms should not serve as a barrier to receiving the full vaccination series. […] Dermatographism is an uncommon phenomenon seen in approximately 4-5% of the population (Bhute, et. al). […] The association between dermatographism and routine vaccinations have not been well demonstrated. […] Although the Moderna booster dosage is half that of the primary vaccination series, it may lead to a heighted immunologic response in a certain subset of patients. […] Symptomatically, the condition can be well managed with antihistamine therapy, however, preventing the development of dermatographism with graded vaccination administration may be a prudent technique in patients with known predisposition to heightened allergic responses.

• #1 Dermatographism Treatment In Gainesville, FL

  https://www.gainesvilledermatologyskinsurgery.com/dermatographism/

  Dermatographism, sometimes referred to as skin writing, is characterized by minor scratches that become temporary yet severe reactions. […] For patients living with dermatographism, the condition may last months, years, or even throughout their lives. However, for many patients, the condition clears up in 12 years or in a way that skin irritations do not cause substantial symptoms to occur. To help prevent the occurrence of dermatographism symptoms, consider the following prevention tips. […] Wear loose-fitting clothing. […] Avoid very hot or cold water. […] Use a towel to pat dry after bathing. […] Use dermatologist-recommended skin care. […] Keep your skin moisturized. […] Avoid irritating or scratching your skin.

• #2

  https://www.kuh.ku.edu.tr/mayo-clinic-care-network/mayo-clinic-health-information-library/diseases-conditions/dermatographia-dermatographism

  Dermatographia is a condition in which lightly scratching your skin causes raised, inflamed lines or welts. These marks tend to go away in less than 30 minutes. The condition is also known as dermatographism and skin writing. […] Dermatographia is harmless. Most people who have this condition don’t need treatment. If your symptoms bother you, talk with your health care provider, who might prescribe an allergy medicine. […] Try these tips to reduce discomfort and prevent the symptoms of dermatographia: Treat skin gently. Use a mild soap or nonsoap cleanser and pat skin dry. Wear things made of cloth that doesn’t itch. Use warm water when you take a bath or shower. Don’t scratch your skin. Try not to scratch. This is a good tip for any skin condition. Keep your skin moisturized. Use creams, lotions or ointments daily. Creams and ointments are thicker and tend to work better than lotions do. Apply your skin product while your skin is still damp from washing. Use it again during the day as needed.

• #2 Dermatographism Treatment In Gainesville, FL

  https://www.gainesvilledermatologyskinsurgery.com/dermatographism/

  Dermatographism, sometimes referred to as skin writing, is characterized by minor scratches that become temporary yet severe reactions. […] For patients living with dermatographism, the condition may last months, years, or even throughout their lives. However, for many patients, the condition clears up in 12 years or in a way that skin irritations do not cause substantial symptoms to occur. To help prevent the occurrence of dermatographism symptoms, consider the following prevention tips. […] Wear loose-fitting clothing. […] Avoid very hot or cold water. […] Use a towel to pat dry after bathing. […] Use dermatologist-recommended skin care. […] Keep your skin moisturized. […] Avoid irritating or scratching your skin.

• #2 Dermatographia: Symptoms, Causes, Treatment, and More

  https://www.healthline.com/health/dermatographia

  Dermatographia refers to a condition in which seemingly minor scratches turn into temporary but significant reactions. […] Despite the discomfort dermatographia may cause, the negative reactions may be preventable. Consider the following lifestyle changes and preventive measures you can take: Avoid itchy clothes and bedding. Wool and synthetic materials are common skin irritants. Use soaps without fragrance. These added chemicals and dyes can make your skin itchy. Take cool or lukewarm showers. Use a humidifier during cool, dry months. Moisturize your skin daily. For best results, use a moisturizing lotion or cream within a few minutes of bathing. Avoid scratching your skin if possible. Treating itchy skin can help avoid scratches. Manage your stress. Exercise, adequate sleep, and meditation can alleviate stress.

• #2 How Do You Get Rid of Dermatographia?

  https://www.medicinenet.com/how_do_you_get_rid_of_dermatographia/article.htm

  How do you prevent dermatographia? It may not be possible to entirely prevent dermatographia, but the severity of symptoms may be reduced by taking some of the following precautions: […] Use moisturizers to prevent the skin from getting dry, which can cause an urge to scratch. […] Avoid using harsh soaps and other products that may irritate the skin. […] Wear loose cotton clothes. […] Avoid wearing woolen clothes next to the skin, which can irritate. […] Try to reduce stress and anxiety. […] Try to avoid hot conditions and hydrate adequately. […] Avoid excessively hot baths. […] Pat dry gently after a shower instead of rubbing down. […] Minimize exposure to the sun and wear sunscreen. […] Include in your diet anti-inflammatory foods such as seafood, leafy green vegetables, whole grains, fruits, turmeric, garlic, and ginger.

• #2 Dermatographia (Dermatographism) – Symptoms and causes – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/dermatographia/symptoms-causes/syc-20371411

  Dermatographia is harmless. Most people who have this condition don’t need treatment. If your symptoms bother you, talk with your health care provider, who might prescribe an allergy medicine. […] Try these tips to reduce discomfort and prevent the symptoms of dermatographia: Treat skin gently. Use a mild soap or nonsoap cleanser and pat skin dry. Wear things made of cloth that doesn’t itch. Use warm water when you take a bath or shower. […] Don’t scratch your skin. Try not to scratch. This is a good tip for any skin condition. […] Keep your skin moisturized. Use creams, lotions or ointments daily. Creams and ointments are thicker and tend to work better than lotions do. Apply your skin product while your skin is still damp from washing. Use it again during the day as needed.

• #2 Dermographism Urticaria Treatment & Management: Approach Considerations, Activity

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1050294-treatment

  Dermographism can be distressing but is not life threatening. Patients with simple dermographism are asymptomatic and require no therapy. Patients with symptomatic dermographism should be treated until the problem is adequately controlled or resolved. […] Recognition of the problem, avoidance of precipitating physical stimuli, reduction of stress and anxiety are important factors in medical care. In addition, scratching because of dry skin can be reduced through good skin care and the use of emollients. […] Omalizumab, a recombinant humanized monoclonal antibody against immunoglobulin E (IgE), has been successfully used in patients with physical urticaria, including symptomatic dermographism. […] Adverse events appear generally low, with omalizumab being well tolerated by most patients, including children.

• #2 Dermatographism Treatment | Frontier Allergy Austin

  https://www.frontierallergist.com/conditions/dermatographism/

  Dermatographism is a skin condition that causes redness, inflammation, welts, and itching when the skin is exposed to pressure, rubbing, or scratching. This condition is also called skin writing, dermographia, or dermatographic urticaria. […] Dermatographism symptoms arise from abnormal levels of histamine release from mast cells (that belong to the immune system) within the skin. […] Your physician will likely recommend the daily use of non-allergic moisturizers or a daily antihistamine to curb the symptoms of dermatographism. […] Stress may exacerbate dermatographia. Avoiding stress wherever possible helps to prevent dermatographia. […] If you are interested in further discussion about your specific needs, Dr. Reshamwala is happy to see you and answer any questions you may have.

• #2 Dermographism Urticaria Treatment & Management: Approach Considerations, Activity

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1050294-treatment

  Reinitiation of omalizumab treatment after relapse of disease appears to result in rapid and complete symptom control again after the first injection within the first 4 weeks, and no relevant adverse effects have been reported. […] Narrowband ultraviolet (UV)-B phototherapy and oral psoralen plus UV-A light therapy have both been used as treatments for symptomatic dermographism. […] Physical exercise can positively impact disease activity in patients with symptomatic dermographism.

• #2 Dermatographia – Symptoms, Causes, Treatment – Apollo Hospitals

  https://www.apollohospitals.com/diseases-and-conditions/dermatographia

  Dermatographia may get aggravated or caused due to stress. It is best to reduce the stress, which may assist you in preventing dermatographia flare-ups. […] Avoiding triggers that result in dermatographia is one of the best ways to treat the condition. Specific lifestyle changes can help you improve your health and decrease symptoms naturally. […] Mental health is vital in reducing stress. Ensure that you get adequate sleep, exercise, and mental health support.

• #2 Dermatographia – dermascope

  https://www.dermascope.com/dermatographia/

  Its never easy living with any health condition. Here are a few tips to make life with dermatographia a bit more tolerable. Individuals should eat a healthy diet avoiding alcohol, dairy, caffeine, and sugar; and incorporating fruits, vegetables, and foods high in the omegas, like avocado and salmon, that boost immune system health. Avoiding hot showers is recommended. Loose-fitting clothes are beneficial. Individuals should not wear any fabric that is itchy (like wool), should pat the skin dry after cleansing or bathing, and should avoid harsh soaps.

• #2 Is Dermatographia an Autoimmune Disease?

  https://www.medicinenet.com/is_dermatographia_an_autoimmune_disease/article.htm

  The exact cause of dermatographia is unknown. However, it appears to be an autoimmune disease in nature because autoantibodies to certain skin proteins have been found in some patients. […] The severity of dermatographism can be reduced by following these steps: […] Follow a good skincare routine and avoid using harsh soaps, lotions, or other products that may dry or irritate the skin. […] Avoid wearing irritating fabrics, such as wool. […] Regularly moisturize the skin. […] Wear loose cotton clothes and avoid tight-fitting clothes. […] Avoid taking extremely hot or cold showers or baths. […] Be gentle when towel-drying after swimming or bathing. […] Consume plenty of non-inflammatory foods, such as seafood rich in omega-3 fatty acids, leafy greens (kale and spinach), tomatoes, fruits, and olive oil. […] Avoid overexposure to sunlight and apply sunscreen to the skin.

• #2 Dermatographism – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK531496/

  Dermatographism is a benign condition. Prevention and avoidance of precipitating factors such as physical stimuli and decreasing stressors are important factors in controlling dermatographism. Most patients are asymptomatic, and therapy should be restricted to symptomatic patients. Choice therapy includes treatment with H1 antihistamines such as cetirizine or loratadine. Omalizumab is under consideration in research trials focusing on treating dermatographism with 72% efficacy on 150 mg and 58% efficacy on 300 mg. Dermatographism can be unsettling in its laborious course without resolve. However, the condition is benign, and patients must know this. To properly educate, targeting the audience in a team-based approach is ideal. […] Encourage reduction of external stimuli, effective management, and treatment options.

• #2 Narrowband ultraviolet B phototherapy is beneficial in antihistamine-resistant symptomatic dermographism: a pilot study – PubMed

  https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18774200/

  Narrowband UVB phototherapy is an effective second-line treatment for patients with severe symptomatic dermographism responding poorly to fexofenadine. This therapy can lead to subjective relief of pruritus and whealing and objective reduction of whealing. NB UVB phototherapy may restore symptom control with antihistamines in some patients.

• #2

  https://journals.lww.com/jpat/fulltext/2006/10010/oral_manifestations_of_dermographism.11.aspx

  Dermographism is a type of physical urticaria, which literally means writing on skin. Dermographism may be defined as 'the appearance of a linear wheal at the site of brisk stroke with a firm object or by any configuration appropriate to the eliciting event’. […] The increased sensitivity of oral tissues can lead to improper practice of oral hygiene habits, which can be crucial to oral health. […] Management consists of recognition of the problem avoidance of the precipitating physical stimuli reduction of stress and anxiety and symptomatic treatment. […] It is important to record a detailed drug history in these cases as these patients are reported to be allergic to commonly used drugs in dentistry like mouth washes, local anesthesia, analgesics, saline and the like. […] Careful attention has to be paid while managing these patients due to increased prevalence of allergic responses that are seen and due to increased sensitivity of oral and dermal tissues. […] Further studies are required to reveal the cause of this condition and also identify probable association with the oral cavity.

• #2 Dermatographism | Treatment & Management | Point of Care

  https://www.statpearls.com/point-of-care/20387

  Dermatographism can be unsettling in its laborious course without resolve. However, the condition is benign, and patients must know this. The treatment involved, antihistamines, can result in drowsiness; therefore, it is best to advise the patient not to take the medication before operating a vehicle. […] Prevention and avoidance of precipitating factors such as physical stimuli and decreasing stressors are important factors in controlling dermatographism. […] To properly educate, targeting the audience in a team-based approach is ideal.

• #2 Dermographism

  https://dermnetnz.org/topics/dermographism

  Dermographism can last for months or years, with idiopathic symptomatic dermographism typically persisting on average for 6 years. […] General measures include loose fitting clothing, avoiding triggers such as very hot water or vigorous towel rubbing, treating associated causes if identified, such as scabies, and psychological counselling, anxiolytics, antidepressants. […] Specific treatments include second generation, non-sedating H1-antihistamines such as cetirizine or loratadine, which may be required in high dose and long-term, phototherapy, and omalizumab. […] Delayed dermographism appears to be treatment-resistant.

• #3 Dermatographia – dermascope

  https://www.dermascope.com/dermatographia/

  Its never easy living with any health condition. Here are a few tips to make life with dermatographia a bit more tolerable. Individuals should eat a healthy diet avoiding alcohol, dairy, caffeine, and sugar; and incorporating fruits, vegetables, and foods high in the omegas, like avocado and salmon, that boost immune system health. Avoiding hot showers is recommended. Loose-fitting clothes are beneficial. Individuals should not wear any fabric that is itchy (like wool), should pat the skin dry after cleansing or bathing, and should avoid harsh soaps.

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