Materiały źródłowe

• #1 Management of poisoning | Nurse Key

  https://nursekey.com/management-of-poisoning/

  Poisoning is defined as a pathologic state caused by a toxic agent. Sources of poisoning include medications, plants, environmental pollutants, and drugs of abuse. These toxicants may enter the body orally or by injection, inhalation, or absorption through the skin. Poisoning may be unintentional (accidental) or intentional. Symptoms of poisoning often mimic those of disease, and hence the possibility of poisoning should be considered whenever a diagnosis is made. […] Poisoning is a medical emergency and requires rapid treatment. Management has five basic elements: (1) supportive care, (2) identification of the poison, (3) prevention of further absorption, (4) poison removal, and (5) use of specific antidotes. These essentials are discussed below. […] Supportive care is the most important element in managing acute poisoning. Support is based on the clinical status and requires no knowledge specific to the poison involved.

• #2 Poisoning: First aid

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/first-aid/first-aid-poisoning/basics/art-20056657

  Poisoning is injury or death due to swallowing, inhaling, touching or injecting various drugs, chemicals, venoms or gases. […] If you are concerned about possible poisoning, call Poison Help at 800-222-1222 in the United States or your regional poison control center. […] Poison control centers are excellent resources for poisoning information and, in many situations, may advise that in-home observation is all that’s needed. […] Call Poison Help at 800-222-1222 in the United States or your regional poison control center in the following situations: The person is stable and has no symptoms. The person is going to be transported to the local emergency department. […] Poisoning symptoms can mimic other conditions, such as seizure, alcohol intoxication, stroke and insulin reaction. Symptoms of poisoning may include: Burns or redness around the mouth and lips. Breath that smells like chemicals, such as gasoline or paint thinner. Vomiting. Difficulty breathing. Drowsiness. Confusion or other altered mental status.

• #3 Management of poisoning | Nurse Key

  https://nursekey.com/management-of-poisoning/

  Poisoning is defined as a pathologic state caused by a toxic agent. Sources of poisoning include medications, plants, environmental pollutants, and drugs of abuse. These toxicants may enter the body orally or by injection, inhalation, or absorption through the skin. Poisoning may be unintentional (accidental) or intentional. Symptoms of poisoning often mimic those of disease, and hence the possibility of poisoning should be considered whenever a diagnosis is made. […] Poisoning is a medical emergency and requires rapid treatment. Management has five basic elements: (1) supportive care, (2) identification of the poison, (3) prevention of further absorption, (4) poison removal, and (5) use of specific antidotes. These essentials are discussed below. […] Supportive care is the most important element in managing acute poisoning. Support is based on the clinical status and requires no knowledge specific to the poison involved.

• #4 Management of poisoning | Nurse Key

  https://nursekey.com/management-of-poisoning/

  Poisoning is defined as a pathologic state caused by a toxic agent. Sources of poisoning include medications, plants, environmental pollutants, and drugs of abuse. These toxicants may enter the body orally or by injection, inhalation, or absorption through the skin. Poisoning may be unintentional (accidental) or intentional. Symptoms of poisoning often mimic those of disease, and hence the possibility of poisoning should be considered whenever a diagnosis is made. […] Poisoning is a medical emergency and requires rapid treatment. Management has five basic elements: (1) supportive care, (2) identification of the poison, (3) prevention of further absorption, (4) poison removal, and (5) use of specific antidotes. These essentials are discussed below. […] Supportive care is the most important element in managing acute poisoning. Support is based on the clinical status and requires no knowledge specific to the poison involved.

• #5 General approach to drug poisoning in adults – UpToDate

  https://www.uptodate.com/contents/general-approach-to-drug-poisoning-in-adults

  Accidental and intentional poisonings or drug overdoses constitute a significant source of aggregate morbidity, mortality, and health care expenditure worldwide. In 2021, over two million cases of known or suspected human toxic exposures were managed by America’s Poison Centers. […] Accidental and intentional poisoning from both licit and illicit substances remains a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. In the United States, the America’s Poison Centers (APC) reported over two million human cases in 2021. While the overall mortality rate reported by the APC was just under 0.08 percent, 30 percent of cases required management at a health care facility, and 7.9 percent of cases required hospital admission. Fatal ingestions are very uncommon in patients under 12 years of age.

• #6 Overview of Poisoning – Injuries and Poisoning – Merck Manual Consumer Version

  https://www.merckmanuals.com/home/injuries-and-poisoning/poisoning/overview-of-poisoning

  Poisoning is the harmful effect that occurs when a toxic substance is swallowed, inhaled, or comes in contact with the skin, eyes, or mucous membranes, such as those of the mouth or nose. […] Treatments include supporting the person’s body functions, preventing additional absorption of the poison, increasing elimination of the poison, and sometimes giving a specific antidote. […] More than 2 million people suffer some type of poisoning each year in the United States. […] Poisoning is the most common cause of nonfatal accidents in the home. […] The symptoms caused by poisoning depend on the poison, amount the person is exposed to, and age and underlying health of the person exposed to the poison. […] The first priority in helping a poisoned person is for bystanders to avoid becoming poisoned themselves.

• #7 Poisoning | PPT

  https://www.slideshare.net/slideshow/poisoning-120057796/120057796

  Poisoning represents the harmful effects on the human body of accidental or intentional exposure to toxic amounts of any substance. […] Acute pesticide poisoning is one of the most common causes of intentional deaths worldwide IN INDIA National crime bureau of India has reported in Accidental Deaths Suicides in India 2015 that:- 26,173 died of poisoning in year 2015. […] The effect of poisoning may be :- Local systemic or both It may occur immediately or several hours or even days after the exposure. […] Treatment objectives To maintain normal vital signs To decontaminate the site of exposure .To prevent and reduce absorption To enhance elimination To relieve symptoms To prevent further organ damage or impairment without delay. […] The mainstays of medical therapy in organophosphate (OP) poisoning include ATROPINE, pralidoxime , and diazepam Initial management must focus on adequate use of atropine.

• #8 Poisoning and child safety | Better Health Channel

  https://www.betterhealth.vic.gov.au/health/healthyliving/poisoning-and-child-safety

  Accidental poisoning is most commonly a problem in young children. […] It is easy for parents and carers to underestimate the ability of young children to reach medicines or chemicals. […] Keep all poisons, especially things you use every day, such as medicines, drain cleaners, oven or grill cleaners, bleach, and dishwasher machine powder, well out of reach of children. […] Always double check before giving medicine to children. […] A child may also be poisoned if they are given the wrong medicine or a wrong dose of medicine. Always double check the age and dosage instructions before giving medicine to children. […] Young children do not know the difference between what is safe and what is dangerous. It is your responsibility to make your home safe for children. […] If you suspect a child has been exposed to a poison, or given the wrong medicine or the wrong dose of medicine, do not wait for symptoms to occur. Call the Poisons Information Centre immediately for advice.

• #9 Poison – Child Care Aware® of America

  https://www.childcareaware.org/our-issues/crisis-and-disaster-resources/poison/

  Poisoning is preventable! Sadly, every day, two children die and over 300 children (aged 0 to 19) are treated in an emergency department as a result of being poisoned. There are simple steps that you and parents can take to prevent poisoning. Among them is educating parents, 90% of poison incidents happen at home. […] Specially trained nurses, pharmacists, and physicians staff poison control centers and provide multilingual translation services in 161 languages. Last year, Poison Control provided assistance to nearly 3 million callers. Nearly 80% of these calls were for children younger than 5 years old. […] Lock medications up and awayKeep medicines in their original packaging. Place medications away from food, in a location where children can’t see or get them. While most medications have child-resistant lids that can make it more difficult for children to open the medication packaging, no packaging is completely child-proof. That is why it is essential that medications are stored out of sight and reach of children.

• #10 Poisoning: First aid

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/first-aid/first-aid-poisoning/basics/art-20056657

  Poisoning is injury or death due to swallowing, inhaling, touching or injecting various drugs, chemicals, venoms or gases. […] If you are concerned about possible poisoning, call Poison Help at 800-222-1222 in the United States or your regional poison control center. […] Poison control centers are excellent resources for poisoning information and, in many situations, may advise that in-home observation is all that’s needed. […] Call Poison Help at 800-222-1222 in the United States or your regional poison control center in the following situations: The person is stable and has no symptoms. The person is going to be transported to the local emergency department. […] Poisoning symptoms can mimic other conditions, such as seizure, alcohol intoxication, stroke and insulin reaction. Symptoms of poisoning may include: Burns or redness around the mouth and lips. Breath that smells like chemicals, such as gasoline or paint thinner. Vomiting. Difficulty breathing. Drowsiness. Confusion or other altered mental status.

• #11 POISONING emergency for nursing student | PPT

  https://www.slideshare.net/slideshow/poisoning-emergency-for-nursing-student/265406521

  Poisoning continues to be a preventable cause of morbidity and mortality especially in children and adolescents. Patients may present with a specific history of exposure, Some may present with unexplained signs or symptoms and no history of exposure. […] A poisoning occurs when exposure to a substance adversely affects the function of any system within an organism. The setting of exposure may be occupational, environmental, recreational, medicinal or suicidal. Poisoning may result from varied portals of entry including, inhalation, ingestion, cutaneous Exposure and injection. […] Poisoning emergencies commonly present to emergency departments. The clinical effects encountered in poisoned patients are dependent on numerous variables, such as the dose, the length of exposure time, and the pre-existing health of the patient.

• #12 POISONING emergency for nursing student | PPT

  https://www.slideshare.net/slideshow/poisoning-emergency-for-nursing-student/265406521

  History Taking Historical facts should include the type of toxin or toxins, Time of exposure (acute versus chronic) Amount taken, And route of administration (i.e., ingestion, intravenous and inhalation) Why the exposure occurred (accidental, suicide attempt, euphoria, therapeutic misadventure). […] Physical Exam performing an overly detailed physical examination is a low priority compared with patient stabilization. A directed examination can, however, yield important diagnostic clues. Once the patient is stable, a more comprehensive physical examination can reveal additional signs suggesting a specific poison. […] Several simple, readily available laboratory tests may provide important diagnostic clues. electrolytes, blood urea nitrogen, creatinine, serum glucose, a measured bicarbonate level, arterial blood gases a pregnancy test is essential in females of child bearing age.

• #13

  https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/poisoning/symptoms/

  The symptoms of poisoning depend on the substance and the amount you take in. […] Parents and carers should be aware of sudden, unexplained illness in young children, particularly if they’re drowsy or unconscious, because poisoning could be the cause. […] Seek immediate medical advice if you think someone has swallowed a poisonous substance. […] General symptoms of poisoning can include: feeling and being sick, diarrhoea, stomach pain, drowsiness, dizziness or weakness, high temperature, chills (shivering), loss of appetite, headache, irritability, difficulty swallowing (dysphagia), breathing difficulties, producing more saliva than normal, skin rash, blue lips and skin (cyanosis), burns around the nose or mouth, double vision or blurred vision, mental confusion, seizures (fits), loss of consciousness, coma, in severe cases.

• #14 Accidental Poisoning and Interventions

  https://www.rn101.net/single-post/2015/07/26/accidental-poisoning-and-interventions

  The damage caused by poisoning depends on the poison, the amount taken, and the age and underlying health of the person who takes it. […] Poisoning signs and symptoms can mimic other conditions, such as seizure, alcohol intoxication, stroke and insulin reaction. […] If you suspect poisoning, be alert for clues such as empty pill bottles or packages, scattered pills, and burns, stains and odors on the person or nearby objects. […] Assess for airway patency, breathing and circulation (ABCs) in all clients in whom accidental poisoning is suspected. […] Remove any visible materials from areas such as the mouth and eyes to terminate exposure to the poison(s). […] Call your local poison control centre before attempting any interventions. […] Never induce vomiting in an unconscious person or in a person experiencing convulsions because aspiration may occur. […] If instructed, arrange for the victim to be taken to the emergency department.

• #15 Poisoning: First aid

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/first-aid/first-aid-poisoning/basics/art-20056657

  Poisoning is injury or death due to swallowing, inhaling, touching or injecting various drugs, chemicals, venoms or gases. […] If you are concerned about possible poisoning, call Poison Help at 800-222-1222 in the United States or your regional poison control center. […] Poison control centers are excellent resources for poisoning information and, in many situations, may advise that in-home observation is all that’s needed. […] Call Poison Help at 800-222-1222 in the United States or your regional poison control center in the following situations: The person is stable and has no symptoms. The person is going to be transported to the local emergency department. […] Poisoning symptoms can mimic other conditions, such as seizure, alcohol intoxication, stroke and insulin reaction. Symptoms of poisoning may include: Burns or redness around the mouth and lips. Breath that smells like chemicals, such as gasoline or paint thinner. Vomiting. Difficulty breathing. Drowsiness. Confusion or other altered mental status.

• #16

  https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/poisoning/symptoms/

  The symptoms of poisoning depend on the substance and the amount you take in. […] Parents and carers should be aware of sudden, unexplained illness in young children, particularly if they’re drowsy or unconscious, because poisoning could be the cause. […] Seek immediate medical advice if you think someone has swallowed a poisonous substance. […] General symptoms of poisoning can include: feeling and being sick, diarrhoea, stomach pain, drowsiness, dizziness or weakness, high temperature, chills (shivering), loss of appetite, headache, irritability, difficulty swallowing (dysphagia), breathing difficulties, producing more saliva than normal, skin rash, blue lips and skin (cyanosis), burns around the nose or mouth, double vision or blurred vision, mental confusion, seizures (fits), loss of consciousness, coma, in severe cases.

• #17 Poisoning: First aid

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/first-aid/first-aid-poisoning/basics/art-20056657

  Poisoning is injury or death due to swallowing, inhaling, touching or injecting various drugs, chemicals, venoms or gases. […] If you are concerned about possible poisoning, call Poison Help at 800-222-1222 in the United States or your regional poison control center. […] Poison control centers are excellent resources for poisoning information and, in many situations, may advise that in-home observation is all that’s needed. […] Call Poison Help at 800-222-1222 in the United States or your regional poison control center in the following situations: The person is stable and has no symptoms. The person is going to be transported to the local emergency department. […] Poisoning symptoms can mimic other conditions, such as seizure, alcohol intoxication, stroke and insulin reaction. Symptoms of poisoning may include: Burns or redness around the mouth and lips. Breath that smells like chemicals, such as gasoline or paint thinner. Vomiting. Difficulty breathing. Drowsiness. Confusion or other altered mental status.

• #18 Poisoning Information | Mount Sinai – New York

  https://www.mountsinai.org/health-library/special-topic/poisoning

  Poisoning can occur when you inhale, swallow, or touch something that makes you very ill. Some poisons can cause death. […] Signs or symptoms of poisoning may include: Very large or very small pupils, Rapid or very slow heartbeat, Rapid or very slow breathing, Drooling or very dry mouth, Stomach pain, nausea, vomiting, or diarrhea, Sleepiness or hyperactivity, Confusion, Slurred speech, Uncoordinated movements or difficulty walking, Difficulty urinating, Loss of bowel or bladder control, Burns or redness of the lips and mouth, caused by drinking poison, Chemical-smelling breath, Chemical burns or stains on the person, clothing, or area around the person, Chest pain, Headache, Loss of vision, Spontaneous bleeding, Empty pill bottles or pills scattered around. […] The Poison Control Center recommends taking these steps if someone is poisoned.

• #19

  https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/poisoning/symptoms/

  Medicine overdoses are the most common type of poisoning in the UK. […] If someone takes too much of a medicine, they may experience symptoms specific to the medicine taken, as well as the more general symptoms listed above. […] Specific signs of paracetamol poisoning include: yellowing of the skin and the whites of the eyes (jaundice), loss of co-ordination, low blood sugar (hypoglycaemia), which can cause symptoms including sweating, trembling and irritability. […] Specific signs of aspirin poisoning include: sweating, rapid breathing, ringing in the ears (tinnitus), temporary hearing loss. […] Specific signs of poisoning with tricyclic antidepressants include: excitability, dry mouth, large pupils, irregular or rapid heartbeat, low blood pressure, which can cause symptoms including lightheadedness and fainting.

• #20

  https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/poisoning/symptoms/

  Specific signs of SSRI poisoning include: feeling agitated, tremor (shaking), uncontrolled movement of the eyes (nystagmus), severe muscle tension. […] Specific signs of poisoning with beta blockers include: low blood pressure, which can cause symptoms such as lightheadedness and fainting, a slow heartbeat (below 60 beats per minute). […] Specific signs of calcium-channel blocker poisoning include: feeling agitated, low blood pressure, which can cause symptoms such as lightheadedness and fainting, chest pain, a slow heartbeat (below 60 beats per minute). […] Specific signs of poisoning with benzodiazepines include: co-ordination and speech difficulties, uncontrolled movement of the eyes (nystagmus), shallow breathing, drowsiness. […] Specific signs of opioid poisoning include: small pupils, shallow breathing, drowsiness.

• #21

  https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/poisoning/symptoms/

  If you take too much of a stimulant-like drug, such as cocaine, amphetamine, crack or ecstasy, overdose signs can include: anxiety and paranoia, restlessness or agitation, hallucinations, high temperature, chest pain, rapid breathing, irregular or fast heartbeat. […] If you smoke (or eat) too much cannabis, you may experience the following symptoms: paranoia, hallucinations, numbness in your arms and legs.

• #22

  https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/poisoning/treatment/

  Being poisoned can be life-threatening. If someone has been poisoned, do not try to treat them yourself seek medical help immediately. […] If you think someone has been severely poisoned and they’re still conscious, ask them to sit still and stay with them while you wait for medical help to arrive. […] If you think someone has swallowed poison and they appear to be unconscious, try to wake them and encourage them to spit out anything left in their mouth. […] If you think someone has inhaled poisonous fumes, assess the situation first and do not put yourself in danger. […] Medical staff will need to take a detailed history to effectively treat a person who’s been poisoned. […] Some people who have swallowed a poisonous substance or overdosed on medicine will be admitted to hospital for examination and treatment.

• #23 Poisoning first aid Information | Mount Sinai – New York

  https://www.mountsinai.org/health-library/injury/poisoning-first-aid

  Poisoning is caused by exposure to a harmful substance. This can be due to swallowing, injecting, breathing in, or other means. Most poisonings occur by accident. […] Immediate first aid is very important in a poisoning emergency. The first aid you give before getting medical help can save a person’s life. […] Millions of poisonings are reported to United States poison control centers every year. Many result in death. […] Symptoms of poisoning may take time to develop. However, if you think someone has been poisoned, DO NOT wait for symptoms to develop. Get medical help right away. […] Seek immediate medical help. […] If the person starts having convulsions, give convulsion first aid. […] Even if the person seems perfectly fine, get medical help. […] Your local poison control center can be reached directly by calling the national toll-free Poison Help hotline (1-800-222-1222) from anywhere in the United States.

• #24 Initial Management of Poisoned Patient

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC6996652/

  The principles of critical care medicine and medical toxicology are intertwined like a Rod of Asclepius. […] Intensive care physicians who treat poisoned patients should have a systematic approach to evaluation and management. […] Initial management should be focused on acute stabilization and supportive care till the correct substance is identified. […] The plan of management is to provide supportive care, prevention of poison absorption, use of antidote wherever is indicated, and enhancement of elimination techniques. […] The loss of airway-protective reflexes and concern for aspiration or the presence of respiratory failure dictates the need to secure the airway. […] Several toxins interfere with oxygenation and ventilation. Hence, adequacy of respiration must be assessed immediately after the airway is secured.

• #25

  https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/poisoning/treatment/

  Being poisoned can be life-threatening. If someone has been poisoned, do not try to treat them yourself seek medical help immediately. […] If you think someone has been severely poisoned and they’re still conscious, ask them to sit still and stay with them while you wait for medical help to arrive. […] If you think someone has swallowed poison and they appear to be unconscious, try to wake them and encourage them to spit out anything left in their mouth. […] If you think someone has inhaled poisonous fumes, assess the situation first and do not put yourself in danger. […] Medical staff will need to take a detailed history to effectively treat a person who’s been poisoned. […] Some people who have swallowed a poisonous substance or overdosed on medicine will be admitted to hospital for examination and treatment.

• #26 Acute Management of Poisoning | Ausmed

  https://www.ausmed.com.au/learn/articles/poison

  If someone you are caring for has been poisoned, call the national Poisons Information Centre on 131 126. […] Poisoning may cause illness, injury or even death (Healthdirect 2023). This may occur soon after exposure, or in some cases, long-term exposure can cause the effects of the poison to develop over several years (Cleveland Clinic 2024). […] Symptoms will depend on several factors, including the type of poison, the amount of exposure, and the persons age, size and overall health (Healthdirect 2023). […] While poisoning may be easily recognised due to the circumstances of the event, in some cases an individual may be unaware that they have been poisoned and attribute their symptoms to something else (ANZCOR 2021). […] There may be a risk of becoming poisoned yourself during the first aid and treatment of the patient (for example, if their clothing is contaminated).

• #27 Poisoning: First aid

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/first-aid/first-aid-poisoning/basics/art-20056657

  Take the following actions until help arrives: Swallowed poison. Remove anything remaining in the person’s mouth. If the suspected poison is a household cleaner or other chemical, read the container’s label and follow instructions for accidental poisoning. […] If you suspect that a child has swallowed one of these batteries, immediately take the child for an emergency X-ray to find its location. […] If the person is at risk of overdose of opioid pain medication and naloxone (Narcan) is available, please administer. […] Don’t give syrup of ipecac or do anything to induce vomiting. Expert groups, including the American Association of Poison Control Centers and the American Academy of Pediatrics, no longer endorse using ipecac in children or adults who have taken pills or other potentially poisonous substances.

• #28

  https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/poisoning/treatment/

  Being poisoned can be life-threatening. If someone has been poisoned, do not try to treat them yourself seek medical help immediately. […] If you think someone has been severely poisoned and they’re still conscious, ask them to sit still and stay with them while you wait for medical help to arrive. […] If you think someone has swallowed poison and they appear to be unconscious, try to wake them and encourage them to spit out anything left in their mouth. […] If you think someone has inhaled poisonous fumes, assess the situation first and do not put yourself in danger. […] Medical staff will need to take a detailed history to effectively treat a person who’s been poisoned. […] Some people who have swallowed a poisonous substance or overdosed on medicine will be admitted to hospital for examination and treatment.

• #29 Acute Management of Poisoning | Ausmed

  https://www.ausmed.com.au/learn/articles/poison

  In order to reduce the risk of harming yourself: Identify the suspected poison and handle it safely. […] Call 000 for an ambulance. While the ambulance is arriving, you may also consider calling the Poisons Information Centre on 131 126 for advice. […] Decontamination involves separating the patient from the poison, depending on how they have been exposed to the poison: For Ingested Poison: Provide a sip of water to help wash out the patients mouth. […] If the patient is unresponsive and breathing normally: Place them in the lateral recumbent position. […] If the patient is unresponsive and NOT breathing normally: Commence chest compressions. […] While waiting for help, monitor the patient/residents airway, breathing and circulation and follow the Basic Life Support guidelines. […] Strategies include: Storing dangerous substances such as cleaning chemicals securely.

• #30 Poisoning: First aid

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/first-aid/first-aid-poisoning/basics/art-20056657

  Poisoning is injury or death due to swallowing, inhaling, touching or injecting various drugs, chemicals, venoms or gases. […] If you are concerned about possible poisoning, call Poison Help at 800-222-1222 in the United States or your regional poison control center. […] Poison control centers are excellent resources for poisoning information and, in many situations, may advise that in-home observation is all that’s needed. […] Call Poison Help at 800-222-1222 in the United States or your regional poison control center in the following situations: The person is stable and has no symptoms. The person is going to be transported to the local emergency department. […] Poisoning symptoms can mimic other conditions, such as seizure, alcohol intoxication, stroke and insulin reaction. Symptoms of poisoning may include: Burns or redness around the mouth and lips. Breath that smells like chemicals, such as gasoline or paint thinner. Vomiting. Difficulty breathing. Drowsiness. Confusion or other altered mental status.

• #31 Poisoning first aid Information | Mount Sinai – New York

  https://www.mountsinai.org/health-library/injury/poisoning-first-aid

  Poisoning is caused by exposure to a harmful substance. This can be due to swallowing, injecting, breathing in, or other means. Most poisonings occur by accident. […] Immediate first aid is very important in a poisoning emergency. The first aid you give before getting medical help can save a person’s life. […] Millions of poisonings are reported to United States poison control centers every year. Many result in death. […] Symptoms of poisoning may take time to develop. However, if you think someone has been poisoned, DO NOT wait for symptoms to develop. Get medical help right away. […] Seek immediate medical help. […] If the person starts having convulsions, give convulsion first aid. […] Even if the person seems perfectly fine, get medical help. […] Your local poison control center can be reached directly by calling the national toll-free Poison Help hotline (1-800-222-1222) from anywhere in the United States.

• #32 Signs of Accidental Poisoning | UF Health Jacksonville

  https://euc.ufhealthjax.org/when-to-come/when-to-see-a-doctor-for-accidental-poisoning/

  Many everyday household items cause accidental poisoning, from eating tainted food to drinking too much alcohol. No matter the cause of poisoning, it is crucial to know the symptoms and when to seek medical help. […] Call for emergency medical care if the person has any of the following symptoms: […] These indicate that the poisoning is severe and requires medical attention. And, if you are the one experiencing any of these, do not try to drive yourself to the hospital. Call 911 and get medical help right away. […] If you or someone you’re with ingested poison by accident, get emergency medical care immediately. […] Accidental poisoning can be a scary experience. If you know what to do, you can help to ease the symptoms and get the person the medical help that they need. If you suspect accidental poisoning, call 911 right away.

• #33 Course Content – #34444: Caring for the Poisoned Patient – NetCE

  https://www.netce.com/coursecontent.php?courseid=2764

  The administration of dextrose, oxygen, naloxone, and thiamine (referred to as the „coma cocktail”) was once considered to be standard care for poisoned patients with a depressed sensorium. […] When the ABCs have been evaluated and stabilized, a history and physical exam should be completed. The importance of obtaining a good history cannot be overstated. […] The patient’s age, pre-existing medical conditions, body weight, and other medications currently being taken can also strongly influence the clinical course of an overdose. […] Many drugs and toxins can produce similar clinical effects, and providing basic symptomatic and supportive care is one of the most important aspects of caring for a poisoned patient. […] The laboratory tests needed to assess and evaluate a poisoned patient will depend on what the patient has ingested or been exposed to and the patient’s clinical condition. […] Most poisoned patients can be managed with supportive care. However, in some cases antidotal therapy is needed because the toxic effects of a drug or poison can only be interrupted or reversed by an antidote.

• #34 POISONING emergency for nursing student | PPT

  https://www.slideshare.net/slideshow/poisoning-emergency-for-nursing-student/265406521

  The prognosis and clinical course of recovery of a patient largely depends on the quality of care delivered within the first few hours in the emergency setting. Patients can present with various clinical symptoms, including abdominal pain, vomiting, tremor, altered mental status, seizures, cardiac dysrhythmias, and respiratory depression. […] Attempts to identify the poison should never delay life-saving supportive care. First patient has to be stabilized, Then we needs to consider how to minimize the bioavailability of toxin not yet absorbed, which antidotes (if any) to administer, and if other measures to enhance elimination are necessary. […] The general approach to the diagnosis and management of the poisoned patient can be described using a two-pronged model, The first is basic emergency medical care The second is obtaining history, performing a focused physical examination, and deciding on the appropriate diagnostic tests to be performed.

• #35 POISONING emergency for nursing student | PPT

  https://www.slideshare.net/slideshow/poisoning-emergency-for-nursing-student/265406521

  The prognosis and clinical course of recovery of a patient largely depends on the quality of care delivered within the first few hours in the emergency setting. Patients can present with various clinical symptoms, including abdominal pain, vomiting, tremor, altered mental status, seizures, cardiac dysrhythmias, and respiratory depression. […] Attempts to identify the poison should never delay life-saving supportive care. First patient has to be stabilized, Then we needs to consider how to minimize the bioavailability of toxin not yet absorbed, which antidotes (if any) to administer, and if other measures to enhance elimination are necessary. […] The general approach to the diagnosis and management of the poisoned patient can be described using a two-pronged model, The first is basic emergency medical care The second is obtaining history, performing a focused physical examination, and deciding on the appropriate diagnostic tests to be performed.

• #36 Course Content – #34444: Caring for the Poisoned Patient – NetCE

  https://www.netce.com/coursecontent.php?courseid=2764

  The administration of dextrose, oxygen, naloxone, and thiamine (referred to as the „coma cocktail”) was once considered to be standard care for poisoned patients with a depressed sensorium. […] When the ABCs have been evaluated and stabilized, a history and physical exam should be completed. The importance of obtaining a good history cannot be overstated. […] The patient’s age, pre-existing medical conditions, body weight, and other medications currently being taken can also strongly influence the clinical course of an overdose. […] Many drugs and toxins can produce similar clinical effects, and providing basic symptomatic and supportive care is one of the most important aspects of caring for a poisoned patient. […] The laboratory tests needed to assess and evaluate a poisoned patient will depend on what the patient has ingested or been exposed to and the patient’s clinical condition. […] Most poisoned patients can be managed with supportive care. However, in some cases antidotal therapy is needed because the toxic effects of a drug or poison can only be interrupted or reversed by an antidote.

• #37 POISONING emergency for nursing student | PPT

  https://www.slideshare.net/slideshow/poisoning-emergency-for-nursing-student/265406521

  History Taking Historical facts should include the type of toxin or toxins, Time of exposure (acute versus chronic) Amount taken, And route of administration (i.e., ingestion, intravenous and inhalation) Why the exposure occurred (accidental, suicide attempt, euphoria, therapeutic misadventure). […] Physical Exam performing an overly detailed physical examination is a low priority compared with patient stabilization. A directed examination can, however, yield important diagnostic clues. Once the patient is stable, a more comprehensive physical examination can reveal additional signs suggesting a specific poison. […] Several simple, readily available laboratory tests may provide important diagnostic clues. electrolytes, blood urea nitrogen, creatinine, serum glucose, a measured bicarbonate level, arterial blood gases a pregnancy test is essential in females of child bearing age.

• #38 POISONING emergency for nursing student | PPT

  https://www.slideshare.net/slideshow/poisoning-emergency-for-nursing-student/265406521

  History Taking Historical facts should include the type of toxin or toxins, Time of exposure (acute versus chronic) Amount taken, And route of administration (i.e., ingestion, intravenous and inhalation) Why the exposure occurred (accidental, suicide attempt, euphoria, therapeutic misadventure). […] Physical Exam performing an overly detailed physical examination is a low priority compared with patient stabilization. A directed examination can, however, yield important diagnostic clues. Once the patient is stable, a more comprehensive physical examination can reveal additional signs suggesting a specific poison. […] Several simple, readily available laboratory tests may provide important diagnostic clues. electrolytes, blood urea nitrogen, creatinine, serum glucose, a measured bicarbonate level, arterial blood gases a pregnancy test is essential in females of child bearing age.

• #39 Course Content – #34444: Caring for the Poisoned Patient – NetCE

  https://www.netce.com/coursecontent.php?courseid=2764

  The administration of dextrose, oxygen, naloxone, and thiamine (referred to as the „coma cocktail”) was once considered to be standard care for poisoned patients with a depressed sensorium. […] When the ABCs have been evaluated and stabilized, a history and physical exam should be completed. The importance of obtaining a good history cannot be overstated. […] The patient’s age, pre-existing medical conditions, body weight, and other medications currently being taken can also strongly influence the clinical course of an overdose. […] Many drugs and toxins can produce similar clinical effects, and providing basic symptomatic and supportive care is one of the most important aspects of caring for a poisoned patient. […] The laboratory tests needed to assess and evaluate a poisoned patient will depend on what the patient has ingested or been exposed to and the patient’s clinical condition. […] Most poisoned patients can be managed with supportive care. However, in some cases antidotal therapy is needed because the toxic effects of a drug or poison can only be interrupted or reversed by an antidote.

• #40 POISONING emergency for nursing student | PPT

  https://www.slideshare.net/slideshow/poisoning-emergency-for-nursing-student/265406521

  History Taking Historical facts should include the type of toxin or toxins, Time of exposure (acute versus chronic) Amount taken, And route of administration (i.e., ingestion, intravenous and inhalation) Why the exposure occurred (accidental, suicide attempt, euphoria, therapeutic misadventure). […] Physical Exam performing an overly detailed physical examination is a low priority compared with patient stabilization. A directed examination can, however, yield important diagnostic clues. Once the patient is stable, a more comprehensive physical examination can reveal additional signs suggesting a specific poison. […] Several simple, readily available laboratory tests may provide important diagnostic clues. electrolytes, blood urea nitrogen, creatinine, serum glucose, a measured bicarbonate level, arterial blood gases a pregnancy test is essential in females of child bearing age.

• #41 Management of pharmaceutical and recreational drug poisoning | Annals of Intensive Care | Full Text

  https://annalsofintensivecare.springeropen.com/articles/10.1186/s13613-020-00762-9

  The indication for admission to a critical care unit (ICU, CCU, or even an expert centre) is based on clinical (toxidromes) and ECG signs, but also on the toxic potential related to the nature of the involved toxin, the reported ingested dose and time of exposure, as well as the patient’s clinical background. […] The experts suggest that a PCC and/or expert centre opinion should be obtained in cases of particularly severe or complex pharmaceutical or recreational drug poisoning. […] The experts suggest that routine screening should not be performed in order to improve the management of patients with suspected pharmaceutical or recreational drug poisoning. However, screening can be performed for information purposes. […] Drug assays must be performed when the suspected ingested molecules are acetaminophen, acetylsalicylic acid, valproic acid, digoxin and lithium.

• #42 Diagnosing Poisoning in Children | NYU Langone Health

  https://nyulangone.org/conditions/poisoning-in-children/diagnosis

  Exposure to some substances, such as alcohol or insulin, can cause hypoglycemia, or low blood sugar, which can lead to unconsciousness. […] A CT or MRI scan produces three-dimensional cross-sectional images of the brain. Rarely, doctors perform a CT or MRI scan to determine the effects of a poison on the brain.

• #43 Initial Management of Poisoned Patient

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC6996652/

  The principles of critical care medicine and medical toxicology are intertwined like a Rod of Asclepius. […] Intensive care physicians who treat poisoned patients should have a systematic approach to evaluation and management. […] Initial management should be focused on acute stabilization and supportive care till the correct substance is identified. […] The plan of management is to provide supportive care, prevention of poison absorption, use of antidote wherever is indicated, and enhancement of elimination techniques. […] The loss of airway-protective reflexes and concern for aspiration or the presence of respiratory failure dictates the need to secure the airway. […] Several toxins interfere with oxygenation and ventilation. Hence, adequacy of respiration must be assessed immediately after the airway is secured.

• #44 Management of poisoning | Nurse Key

  https://nursekey.com/management-of-poisoning/

  Poisoning is defined as a pathologic state caused by a toxic agent. Sources of poisoning include medications, plants, environmental pollutants, and drugs of abuse. These toxicants may enter the body orally or by injection, inhalation, or absorption through the skin. Poisoning may be unintentional (accidental) or intentional. Symptoms of poisoning often mimic those of disease, and hence the possibility of poisoning should be considered whenever a diagnosis is made. […] Poisoning is a medical emergency and requires rapid treatment. Management has five basic elements: (1) supportive care, (2) identification of the poison, (3) prevention of further absorption, (4) poison removal, and (5) use of specific antidotes. These essentials are discussed below. […] Supportive care is the most important element in managing acute poisoning. Support is based on the clinical status and requires no knowledge specific to the poison involved.

• #45 Initial Management of Poisoned Patient

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC6996652/

  The principles of critical care medicine and medical toxicology are intertwined like a Rod of Asclepius. […] Intensive care physicians who treat poisoned patients should have a systematic approach to evaluation and management. […] Initial management should be focused on acute stabilization and supportive care till the correct substance is identified. […] The plan of management is to provide supportive care, prevention of poison absorption, use of antidote wherever is indicated, and enhancement of elimination techniques. […] The loss of airway-protective reflexes and concern for aspiration or the presence of respiratory failure dictates the need to secure the airway. […] Several toxins interfere with oxygenation and ventilation. Hence, adequacy of respiration must be assessed immediately after the airway is secured.

• #46 Initial Management of Poisoned Patient

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC6996652/

  After establishing an airway and supporting respiratory function, the next priority is assessment of the circulatory status. […] Fluid resuscitation of the poisoned patient must be individualized. […] Gastrointestinal (GI) decontamination, once a mainstay in the management of the poisoning, is no longer recommended. […] Activated charcoal is a commonly used decontaminant. […] Multidose activated charcoal (MDAC) is used to enhance the elimination of various ingested toxins. […] Most poisoned patients can be treated with standard supportive care. But in few circumstances, specific therapy or antidotes are required. […] Critically ill poisoned patients are at increased risk of GI bleeding. […] The goal of nutritional support is to meet the patient’s nutritional needs without overfeeding. […] Identifying the poison, either through history, toxidrome, or laboratory tests may direct the physicians in the right track.

• #47 Initial Management of Poisoned Patient

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC6996652/

  The principles of critical care medicine and medical toxicology are intertwined like a Rod of Asclepius. […] Intensive care physicians who treat poisoned patients should have a systematic approach to evaluation and management. […] Initial management should be focused on acute stabilization and supportive care till the correct substance is identified. […] The plan of management is to provide supportive care, prevention of poison absorption, use of antidote wherever is indicated, and enhancement of elimination techniques. […] The loss of airway-protective reflexes and concern for aspiration or the presence of respiratory failure dictates the need to secure the airway. […] Several toxins interfere with oxygenation and ventilation. Hence, adequacy of respiration must be assessed immediately after the airway is secured.

• #48 Management of pharmaceutical and recreational drug poisoning | Annals of Intensive Care | Full Text

  https://annalsofintensivecare.springeropen.com/articles/10.1186/s13613-020-00762-9

  In the presence of haemodynamic, neurological or respiratory failure (not reversible by antidote), the experts suggest that endotracheal intubation should be performed with rapid sequence induction. […] The experts suggest that gastric lavage should be performed within 1 h, in the absence of contraindications, following the ingestion of a substance not adsorbed by activated charcoal, at a presumedly toxic dose and with a high potential for organ damage. […] The experts suggest that an antidote should be administered to all patients with presumed cardiotoxicant poisoning with signs of clinical or prognostic severity, according to the specific modalities of each molecule. […] The experts suggest that extracorporeal life support using veno-arterial (VA) ECMO should be implemented to improve survival in patients with cardiotoxicant poisoning, in refractory cardiac arrest or cardiovascular failure refractory to pharmacological treatment.

• #49 Initial Management of Poisoned Patient

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC6996652/

  The principles of critical care medicine and medical toxicology are intertwined like a Rod of Asclepius. […] Intensive care physicians who treat poisoned patients should have a systematic approach to evaluation and management. […] Initial management should be focused on acute stabilization and supportive care till the correct substance is identified. […] The plan of management is to provide supportive care, prevention of poison absorption, use of antidote wherever is indicated, and enhancement of elimination techniques. […] The loss of airway-protective reflexes and concern for aspiration or the presence of respiratory failure dictates the need to secure the airway. […] Several toxins interfere with oxygenation and ventilation. Hence, adequacy of respiration must be assessed immediately after the airway is secured.

• #50 Initial Management of Poisoned Patient

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC6996652/

  After establishing an airway and supporting respiratory function, the next priority is assessment of the circulatory status. […] Fluid resuscitation of the poisoned patient must be individualized. […] Gastrointestinal (GI) decontamination, once a mainstay in the management of the poisoning, is no longer recommended. […] Activated charcoal is a commonly used decontaminant. […] Multidose activated charcoal (MDAC) is used to enhance the elimination of various ingested toxins. […] Most poisoned patients can be treated with standard supportive care. But in few circumstances, specific therapy or antidotes are required. […] Critically ill poisoned patients are at increased risk of GI bleeding. […] The goal of nutritional support is to meet the patient’s nutritional needs without overfeeding. […] Identifying the poison, either through history, toxidrome, or laboratory tests may direct the physicians in the right track.

• #51

  https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/poisoning/treatment/

  Possible treatments that can be used to treat poisoning include: activated charcoal sometimes used to treat someone who’s been poisoned; the charcoal binds to the poison and stops it being further absorbed into the blood, antidotes these are substances that either prevent the poison from working or reverse its effects, sedatives may be given if the person is agitated, a ventilator (breathing machine) may be used if the person stops breathing, anti-epileptic medicine may be used if the person has seizures (fits). […] If you or someone you know has poisoned themselves as an act of deliberate self-harm or an attempt at suicide, psychiatric help may be necessary.

• #52 Initial Management of Poisoned Patient

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC6996652/

  After establishing an airway and supporting respiratory function, the next priority is assessment of the circulatory status. […] Fluid resuscitation of the poisoned patient must be individualized. […] Gastrointestinal (GI) decontamination, once a mainstay in the management of the poisoning, is no longer recommended. […] Activated charcoal is a commonly used decontaminant. […] Multidose activated charcoal (MDAC) is used to enhance the elimination of various ingested toxins. […] Most poisoned patients can be treated with standard supportive care. But in few circumstances, specific therapy or antidotes are required. […] Critically ill poisoned patients are at increased risk of GI bleeding. […] The goal of nutritional support is to meet the patient’s nutritional needs without overfeeding. […] Identifying the poison, either through history, toxidrome, or laboratory tests may direct the physicians in the right track.

• #53 Emergency Care For Accidental Poisoning Pearland, Texas

  https://sler247.com/services/emergency-care-for-accidental-poisoning-pearland-tx/

  Throughout the treatment process, we closely monitor the patients vital signs, organ function, and overall progress. […] As part of our comprehensive care approach, we educate patients and their families about the potential dangers of accidental poisoning and provide guidance on prevention strategies to minimize future risks. […] The long-term effects of accidental poisoning can vary depending on the substance involved and the severity of the exposure. Some substances may cause organ damage, neurological complications, or long-term health issues. Early and appropriate medical treatment can help minimize the risk of long-term effects.

• #54 Management of poisoning | Nurse Key

  https://nursekey.com/management-of-poisoning/

  Treatment of poisoning is facilitated by knowing the identity and dosage of the toxicant. Efforts to obtain this information should proceed concurrently with medical management. […] By reducing the absorption of a poison, we can minimize blood levels, and thereby significantly decrease morbidity and mortality. […] Measures that help eliminate poison from the body shorten the duration of exposure and, if implemented before plasma levels have peaked, can reduce the maximum level of poison achieved. […] An antidote is an agent administered to counteract the effects of a poison. Examples include naloxone (to reverse poisoning by heroin and other opioids) and physostigmine (to treat poisoning by atropine and other anticholinergic drugs).

• #55

  https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/poisoning/treatment/

  Possible treatments that can be used to treat poisoning include: activated charcoal sometimes used to treat someone who’s been poisoned; the charcoal binds to the poison and stops it being further absorbed into the blood, antidotes these are substances that either prevent the poison from working or reverse its effects, sedatives may be given if the person is agitated, a ventilator (breathing machine) may be used if the person stops breathing, anti-epileptic medicine may be used if the person has seizures (fits). […] If you or someone you know has poisoned themselves as an act of deliberate self-harm or an attempt at suicide, psychiatric help may be necessary.

• #56 Management of pharmaceutical and recreational drug poisoning | Annals of Intensive Care | Full Text

  https://annalsofintensivecare.springeropen.com/articles/10.1186/s13613-020-00762-9

  In the presence of haemodynamic, neurological or respiratory failure (not reversible by antidote), the experts suggest that endotracheal intubation should be performed with rapid sequence induction. […] The experts suggest that gastric lavage should be performed within 1 h, in the absence of contraindications, following the ingestion of a substance not adsorbed by activated charcoal, at a presumedly toxic dose and with a high potential for organ damage. […] The experts suggest that an antidote should be administered to all patients with presumed cardiotoxicant poisoning with signs of clinical or prognostic severity, according to the specific modalities of each molecule. […] The experts suggest that extracorporeal life support using veno-arterial (VA) ECMO should be implemented to improve survival in patients with cardiotoxicant poisoning, in refractory cardiac arrest or cardiovascular failure refractory to pharmacological treatment.

• #57 Initial Management of Poisoned Patient

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC6996652/

  After establishing an airway and supporting respiratory function, the next priority is assessment of the circulatory status. […] Fluid resuscitation of the poisoned patient must be individualized. […] Gastrointestinal (GI) decontamination, once a mainstay in the management of the poisoning, is no longer recommended. […] Activated charcoal is a commonly used decontaminant. […] Multidose activated charcoal (MDAC) is used to enhance the elimination of various ingested toxins. […] Most poisoned patients can be treated with standard supportive care. But in few circumstances, specific therapy or antidotes are required. […] Critically ill poisoned patients are at increased risk of GI bleeding. […] The goal of nutritional support is to meet the patient’s nutritional needs without overfeeding. […] Identifying the poison, either through history, toxidrome, or laboratory tests may direct the physicians in the right track.

• #58 Management of pharmaceutical and recreational drug poisoning | Annals of Intensive Care | Full Text

  https://annalsofintensivecare.springeropen.com/articles/10.1186/s13613-020-00762-9

  In the presence of haemodynamic, neurological or respiratory failure (not reversible by antidote), the experts suggest that endotracheal intubation should be performed with rapid sequence induction. […] The experts suggest that gastric lavage should be performed within 1 h, in the absence of contraindications, following the ingestion of a substance not adsorbed by activated charcoal, at a presumedly toxic dose and with a high potential for organ damage. […] The experts suggest that an antidote should be administered to all patients with presumed cardiotoxicant poisoning with signs of clinical or prognostic severity, according to the specific modalities of each molecule. […] The experts suggest that extracorporeal life support using veno-arterial (VA) ECMO should be implemented to improve survival in patients with cardiotoxicant poisoning, in refractory cardiac arrest or cardiovascular failure refractory to pharmacological treatment.

• #59 Initial Management of Poisoned Patient

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC6996652/

  After establishing an airway and supporting respiratory function, the next priority is assessment of the circulatory status. […] Fluid resuscitation of the poisoned patient must be individualized. […] Gastrointestinal (GI) decontamination, once a mainstay in the management of the poisoning, is no longer recommended. […] Activated charcoal is a commonly used decontaminant. […] Multidose activated charcoal (MDAC) is used to enhance the elimination of various ingested toxins. […] Most poisoned patients can be treated with standard supportive care. But in few circumstances, specific therapy or antidotes are required. […] Critically ill poisoned patients are at increased risk of GI bleeding. […] The goal of nutritional support is to meet the patient’s nutritional needs without overfeeding. […] Identifying the poison, either through history, toxidrome, or laboratory tests may direct the physicians in the right track.

• #60 Management of poisoning | Nurse Key

  https://nursekey.com/management-of-poisoning/

  Treatment of poisoning is facilitated by knowing the identity and dosage of the toxicant. Efforts to obtain this information should proceed concurrently with medical management. […] By reducing the absorption of a poison, we can minimize blood levels, and thereby significantly decrease morbidity and mortality. […] Measures that help eliminate poison from the body shorten the duration of exposure and, if implemented before plasma levels have peaked, can reduce the maximum level of poison achieved. […] An antidote is an agent administered to counteract the effects of a poison. Examples include naloxone (to reverse poisoning by heroin and other opioids) and physostigmine (to treat poisoning by atropine and other anticholinergic drugs).

• #61 Course Content – #34444: Caring for the Poisoned Patient – NetCE

  https://www.netce.com/coursecontent.php?courseid=2764

  The administration of dextrose, oxygen, naloxone, and thiamine (referred to as the „coma cocktail”) was once considered to be standard care for poisoned patients with a depressed sensorium. […] When the ABCs have been evaluated and stabilized, a history and physical exam should be completed. The importance of obtaining a good history cannot be overstated. […] The patient’s age, pre-existing medical conditions, body weight, and other medications currently being taken can also strongly influence the clinical course of an overdose. […] Many drugs and toxins can produce similar clinical effects, and providing basic symptomatic and supportive care is one of the most important aspects of caring for a poisoned patient. […] The laboratory tests needed to assess and evaluate a poisoned patient will depend on what the patient has ingested or been exposed to and the patient’s clinical condition. […] Most poisoned patients can be managed with supportive care. However, in some cases antidotal therapy is needed because the toxic effects of a drug or poison can only be interrupted or reversed by an antidote.

• #62 Management of pharmaceutical and recreational drug poisoning | Annals of Intensive Care | Full Text

  https://annalsofintensivecare.springeropen.com/articles/10.1186/s13613-020-00762-9

  The experts reached a substantial consensus for several strong recommendations for optimal management of pharmaceutical and recreational drug poisoning, mainly regarding the conditions and effectiveness of naloxone and N-acetylcystein as antidotes to treat opioid and acetaminophen poisoning, respectively. […] The objective of these guidelines, based on analysis of the level of evidence in the literature, was to clarify the diagnostic approach, patient triage and therapeutic management. Because of the very wide range of toxins potentially involved, it was decided to focus these guidelines on pharmaceutical and recreational drug poisoning, excluding ethanol and chemical poisoning. […] The guidelines also address the four usual aspects of treatment that need to be considered in any patient, in whom poisoning is confirmed or suspected: supportive care, antidotes (or specific treatments), decontamination (i.e. designed to reduce the bioavailability of the toxin) and elimination enhancing treatments (i.e. designed to enhance elimination of the toxin that has already entered the internal environment).

• #63 Management of poisoning | Nurse Key

  https://nursekey.com/management-of-poisoning/

  Treatment of poisoning is facilitated by knowing the identity and dosage of the toxicant. Efforts to obtain this information should proceed concurrently with medical management. […] By reducing the absorption of a poison, we can minimize blood levels, and thereby significantly decrease morbidity and mortality. […] Measures that help eliminate poison from the body shorten the duration of exposure and, if implemented before plasma levels have peaked, can reduce the maximum level of poison achieved. […] An antidote is an agent administered to counteract the effects of a poison. Examples include naloxone (to reverse poisoning by heroin and other opioids) and physostigmine (to treat poisoning by atropine and other anticholinergic drugs).

• #64 Poisoning: First aid

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/first-aid/first-aid-poisoning/basics/art-20056657

  Take the following actions until help arrives: Swallowed poison. Remove anything remaining in the person’s mouth. If the suspected poison is a household cleaner or other chemical, read the container’s label and follow instructions for accidental poisoning. […] If you suspect that a child has swallowed one of these batteries, immediately take the child for an emergency X-ray to find its location. […] If the person is at risk of overdose of opioid pain medication and naloxone (Narcan) is available, please administer. […] Don’t give syrup of ipecac or do anything to induce vomiting. Expert groups, including the American Association of Poison Control Centers and the American Academy of Pediatrics, no longer endorse using ipecac in children or adults who have taken pills or other potentially poisonous substances.

• #65 Management of pharmaceutical and recreational drug poisoning | Annals of Intensive Care | Full Text

  https://annalsofintensivecare.springeropen.com/articles/10.1186/s13613-020-00762-9

  The experts reached a substantial consensus for several strong recommendations for optimal management of pharmaceutical and recreational drug poisoning, mainly regarding the conditions and effectiveness of naloxone and N-acetylcystein as antidotes to treat opioid and acetaminophen poisoning, respectively. […] The objective of these guidelines, based on analysis of the level of evidence in the literature, was to clarify the diagnostic approach, patient triage and therapeutic management. Because of the very wide range of toxins potentially involved, it was decided to focus these guidelines on pharmaceutical and recreational drug poisoning, excluding ethanol and chemical poisoning. […] The guidelines also address the four usual aspects of treatment that need to be considered in any patient, in whom poisoning is confirmed or suspected: supportive care, antidotes (or specific treatments), decontamination (i.e. designed to reduce the bioavailability of the toxin) and elimination enhancing treatments (i.e. designed to enhance elimination of the toxin that has already entered the internal environment).

• #66

  https://journals.lww.com/ijcn/fulltext/2019/20020/organophosphate_poisoning__overview,_management.10.aspx

  Acute poisoning by organophosphates (OPs) for suicidal purpose poses a major problem, leading to high mortality in the developing countries. […] Early identification of the signs and symptoms and prompt management enhance better outcomes reducing mortality. Atropine, oximes, neuroprotection and quality care remain the mainstay of treatment for OP poisoning and can reverse the life-threatening features of acute poisoning. Supportive treatment includes maintaining airway, breathing, circulation and decontamination of the poison. Nurses working in the critical care units play a vital role in monitoring the patient closely, providing quality nursing care and thereby preventing complications. […] A clear understanding about organophosphorus poisoning will equip nurses in the critical care to render appropriate care that can directly impact positive patient outcomes in the acute phase of hospitalisation. Counselling and family support play an important role in the rehabilitation of a patient who has attempted suicide using these compounds.

• #67 Poisoning | PPT

  https://www.slideshare.net/slideshow/poisoning-120057796/120057796

  Poisoning represents the harmful effects on the human body of accidental or intentional exposure to toxic amounts of any substance. […] Acute pesticide poisoning is one of the most common causes of intentional deaths worldwide IN INDIA National crime bureau of India has reported in Accidental Deaths Suicides in India 2015 that:- 26,173 died of poisoning in year 2015. […] The effect of poisoning may be :- Local systemic or both It may occur immediately or several hours or even days after the exposure. […] Treatment objectives To maintain normal vital signs To decontaminate the site of exposure .To prevent and reduce absorption To enhance elimination To relieve symptoms To prevent further organ damage or impairment without delay. […] The mainstays of medical therapy in organophosphate (OP) poisoning include ATROPINE, pralidoxime , and diazepam Initial management must focus on adequate use of atropine.

• #68 Management of poisoning | Nurse Key

  https://nursekey.com/management-of-poisoning/

  Treatment of poisoning is facilitated by knowing the identity and dosage of the toxicant. Efforts to obtain this information should proceed concurrently with medical management. […] By reducing the absorption of a poison, we can minimize blood levels, and thereby significantly decrease morbidity and mortality. […] Measures that help eliminate poison from the body shorten the duration of exposure and, if implemented before plasma levels have peaked, can reduce the maximum level of poison achieved. […] An antidote is an agent administered to counteract the effects of a poison. Examples include naloxone (to reverse poisoning by heroin and other opioids) and physostigmine (to treat poisoning by atropine and other anticholinergic drugs).

• #69 Management of poisoning | Nurse Key

  https://nursekey.com/management-of-poisoning/

  Treatment of poisoning is facilitated by knowing the identity and dosage of the toxicant. Efforts to obtain this information should proceed concurrently with medical management. […] By reducing the absorption of a poison, we can minimize blood levels, and thereby significantly decrease morbidity and mortality. […] Measures that help eliminate poison from the body shorten the duration of exposure and, if implemented before plasma levels have peaked, can reduce the maximum level of poison achieved. […] An antidote is an agent administered to counteract the effects of a poison. Examples include naloxone (to reverse poisoning by heroin and other opioids) and physostigmine (to treat poisoning by atropine and other anticholinergic drugs).

• #70 Salicylate Poisoning Nursing Management – RNpedia

  https://www.rnpedia.com/nursing-notes/pharmacology-drug-study-notes/salicylate-poisoning/

  Salicylate Poisoning Nursing Management […] Management: […] Home Care […] Seek immediate medical help. Do NOT make a person throw up unless told to do so by poison control or a health care professional. […] Emergency Room Care Treat respiratory depression Induce gastric emptying: emesis or lavage. Give activated charcoal to absorb aspirin. A cathartic may be given with charcoal to help assure intestinal cleansing. Support patient with intravenous infusions as prescribed to establish hydration and correct electrolyte imbalances. Enhance elimination of salicylates as directed by forced dieresis, alkalinization of urine, peritoneal dialysis or hemodialysis according to severity of intoxication. Monitor serum salicylate level for efficacy of treatment. Administer specific prescribed pharmacologic agent for bleeding and other problems.

• #71 Salicylate Poisoning Nursing Management – RNpedia

  https://www.rnpedia.com/nursing-notes/pharmacology-drug-study-notes/salicylate-poisoning/

  Salicylate Poisoning Nursing Management […] Management: […] Home Care […] Seek immediate medical help. Do NOT make a person throw up unless told to do so by poison control or a health care professional. […] Emergency Room Care Treat respiratory depression Induce gastric emptying: emesis or lavage. Give activated charcoal to absorb aspirin. A cathartic may be given with charcoal to help assure intestinal cleansing. Support patient with intravenous infusions as prescribed to establish hydration and correct electrolyte imbalances. Enhance elimination of salicylates as directed by forced dieresis, alkalinization of urine, peritoneal dialysis or hemodialysis according to severity of intoxication. Monitor serum salicylate level for efficacy of treatment. Administer specific prescribed pharmacologic agent for bleeding and other problems.

• #72 Salicylate Poisoning Nursing Management – RNpedia

  https://www.rnpedia.com/nursing-notes/pharmacology-drug-study-notes/salicylate-poisoning/

  Salicylate Poisoning Nursing Management […] Management: […] Home Care […] Seek immediate medical help. Do NOT make a person throw up unless told to do so by poison control or a health care professional. […] Emergency Room Care Treat respiratory depression Induce gastric emptying: emesis or lavage. Give activated charcoal to absorb aspirin. A cathartic may be given with charcoal to help assure intestinal cleansing. Support patient with intravenous infusions as prescribed to establish hydration and correct electrolyte imbalances. Enhance elimination of salicylates as directed by forced dieresis, alkalinization of urine, peritoneal dialysis or hemodialysis according to severity of intoxication. Monitor serum salicylate level for efficacy of treatment. Administer specific prescribed pharmacologic agent for bleeding and other problems.

• #73 Oral Poisonings: Guidelines for Initial Evaluation and Treatment | AAFP

  https://www.aafp.org/pubs/afp/issues/1998/0101/p85.html

  The initial evaluation and management of poisoned patients should be comprehensive and include an accurate history whenever possible, stabilization of the patient’s condition, a physical assessment to evaluate the extent of poisoning and the presence of concurrent conditions, decontamination of the gastrointestinal tract using activated charcoal, gastric lavage, administration of ipecac or irrigation, poison-specific treatment with administration of antidotes when indicated and proper disposition. Consultation with a poison control center is often helpful in assessing and treating these patients. […] Because primary care physicians are frequently the health care professionals first contacted by patients who have ingested poisons, knowledge of the proper initial evaluation and treatment of these patients is essential. […] Management and disposition of patients following decontamination is toxin- and patient-specific, occasionally requiring interventions such as dialysis, hemodialysis and hemoperfusion. Fortunately, most poisoned patients require only minor supportive care and recover without sequelae.

• #74 Management of pharmaceutical and recreational drug poisoning | Annals of Intensive Care | Full Text

  https://annalsofintensivecare.springeropen.com/articles/10.1186/s13613-020-00762-9

  In the presence of haemodynamic, neurological or respiratory failure (not reversible by antidote), the experts suggest that endotracheal intubation should be performed with rapid sequence induction. […] The experts suggest that gastric lavage should be performed within 1 h, in the absence of contraindications, following the ingestion of a substance not adsorbed by activated charcoal, at a presumedly toxic dose and with a high potential for organ damage. […] The experts suggest that an antidote should be administered to all patients with presumed cardiotoxicant poisoning with signs of clinical or prognostic severity, according to the specific modalities of each molecule. […] The experts suggest that extracorporeal life support using veno-arterial (VA) ECMO should be implemented to improve survival in patients with cardiotoxicant poisoning, in refractory cardiac arrest or cardiovascular failure refractory to pharmacological treatment.

• #75

• #76

  https://journals.lww.com/ijcn/fulltext/2019/20020/organophosphate_poisoning__overview,_management.10.aspx

  Acute poisoning by organophosphates (OPs) for suicidal purpose poses a major problem, leading to high mortality in the developing countries. […] Early identification of the signs and symptoms and prompt management enhance better outcomes reducing mortality. Atropine, oximes, neuroprotection and quality care remain the mainstay of treatment for OP poisoning and can reverse the life-threatening features of acute poisoning. Supportive treatment includes maintaining airway, breathing, circulation and decontamination of the poison. Nurses working in the critical care units play a vital role in monitoring the patient closely, providing quality nursing care and thereby preventing complications. […] A clear understanding about organophosphorus poisoning will equip nurses in the critical care to render appropriate care that can directly impact positive patient outcomes in the acute phase of hospitalisation. Counselling and family support play an important role in the rehabilitation of a patient who has attempted suicide using these compounds.

• #77

• #78 POISONING emergency for nursing student | PPT

  https://www.slideshare.net/slideshow/poisoning-emergency-for-nursing-student/265406521

  The prognosis and clinical course of recovery of a patient largely depends on the quality of care delivered within the first few hours in the emergency setting. Patients can present with various clinical symptoms, including abdominal pain, vomiting, tremor, altered mental status, seizures, cardiac dysrhythmias, and respiratory depression. […] Attempts to identify the poison should never delay life-saving supportive care. First patient has to be stabilized, Then we needs to consider how to minimize the bioavailability of toxin not yet absorbed, which antidotes (if any) to administer, and if other measures to enhance elimination are necessary. […] The general approach to the diagnosis and management of the poisoned patient can be described using a two-pronged model, The first is basic emergency medical care The second is obtaining history, performing a focused physical examination, and deciding on the appropriate diagnostic tests to be performed.

• #79

  https://journals.lww.com/ijcn/fulltext/2019/20020/organophosphate_poisoning__overview,_management.10.aspx

  Acute poisoning by organophosphates (OPs) for suicidal purpose poses a major problem, leading to high mortality in the developing countries. […] Early identification of the signs and symptoms and prompt management enhance better outcomes reducing mortality. Atropine, oximes, neuroprotection and quality care remain the mainstay of treatment for OP poisoning and can reverse the life-threatening features of acute poisoning. Supportive treatment includes maintaining airway, breathing, circulation and decontamination of the poison. Nurses working in the critical care units play a vital role in monitoring the patient closely, providing quality nursing care and thereby preventing complications. […] A clear understanding about organophosphorus poisoning will equip nurses in the critical care to render appropriate care that can directly impact positive patient outcomes in the acute phase of hospitalisation. Counselling and family support play an important role in the rehabilitation of a patient who has attempted suicide using these compounds.

• #80

  https://journals.lww.com/ijcn/fulltext/2019/20020/organophosphate_poisoning__overview,_management.10.aspx

  Acute poisoning by organophosphates (OPs) for suicidal purpose poses a major problem, leading to high mortality in the developing countries. […] Early identification of the signs and symptoms and prompt management enhance better outcomes reducing mortality. Atropine, oximes, neuroprotection and quality care remain the mainstay of treatment for OP poisoning and can reverse the life-threatening features of acute poisoning. Supportive treatment includes maintaining airway, breathing, circulation and decontamination of the poison. Nurses working in the critical care units play a vital role in monitoring the patient closely, providing quality nursing care and thereby preventing complications. […] A clear understanding about organophosphorus poisoning will equip nurses in the critical care to render appropriate care that can directly impact positive patient outcomes in the acute phase of hospitalisation. Counselling and family support play an important role in the rehabilitation of a patient who has attempted suicide using these compounds.

• #81 Risk for Poisoning Nursing Diagnosis: Definition, Factors, and Risks

  https://nnndiagnoses.org/risk-for-poisoning/

  Nursing interventions related to the risk for poisoning should be comprehensive and proactive, focusing on education, safety measures, and ongoing support for at-risk populations. […] Nursing activities are essential in ensuring that individuals at risk for poisoning receive appropriate care and preventive measures. […] Understanding related nursing diagnoses is vital for addressing the broader implications of the „Risk for Poisoning” diagnosis. […] When utilizing the „Risk for Poisoning” nursing diagnosis, healthcare professionals should prioritize individualized assessments that take into account the unique circumstances and environments of their patients. […] Patient education is a critical component in preventing poisoning, as it equips individuals with the knowledge needed to recognize potential hazards and understand how to safeguard themselves and their families.

• #82

  https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/poisoning/treatment/

  Possible treatments that can be used to treat poisoning include: activated charcoal sometimes used to treat someone who’s been poisoned; the charcoal binds to the poison and stops it being further absorbed into the blood, antidotes these are substances that either prevent the poison from working or reverse its effects, sedatives may be given if the person is agitated, a ventilator (breathing machine) may be used if the person stops breathing, anti-epileptic medicine may be used if the person has seizures (fits). […] If you or someone you know has poisoned themselves as an act of deliberate self-harm or an attempt at suicide, psychiatric help may be necessary.

• #83 Lead Poisoning Nursing Care Planning and Management

  https://nurseslabs.com/lead-poisoning/

  Lead poisoning is a preventable yet concerning public health issue that demands immediate attention. […] Nurses play an important role in recognizing the signs and symptoms of lead poisoning, educating families on potential sources of lead exposure, and advocating for preventive measures to reduce risks. […] Nursing care for a child who has lead poisoning includes: […] Assessment of a child who experiences lead poisoning involves: […] Based on the assessment data, the major nursing diagnoses are: […] The major goals are: […] The nursing interventions are: […] Educate the family about lead poisoning prevention and nutrition. […] Goals are met as evidenced by: […] Documentation in a child who underwent lead poisoning includes:

• #84 Poisoning first aid Information | Mount Sinai – New York

  https://www.mountsinai.org/health-library/injury/poisoning-first-aid

  Be aware of poisons in and around your home. Take steps to protect young children from toxic substances. […] Therefore, it is very important to get treatment right away to avoid serious harm. The outcome will depend on the type of poison the person came in contact with and the care received to treat the exposure.

• #85 Poisoning and child safety | Better Health Channel

  https://www.betterhealth.vic.gov.au/health/healthyliving/poisoning-and-child-safety

  Most poisonings involving children happen at home, but they can also occur while visiting friends and family, or while on holiday. […] Poison may be swallowed, spilt on the skin, sprayed or splashed in the eye or inhaled. […] If you suspect a child has been exposed to a poison whether swallowed, spilt on the skin, splashed in the eye or inhaled or if a child has been given the wrong medicine or wrong dose of medicine, phone the Poisons Information Centre immediately. […] If a child in your care has been or may have been poisoned, given the wrong medicine or wrong dose of medicine, do not wait for symptoms to occur. […] The best protection against poisoning is to make sure that children do not have access to any poisons or medicines. […] Store all medicines in a locked cabinet. […] Store household chemicals such as cleaning or gardening products out of children’s reach, preferably locked away. […] Always check with the Poisons Information Centre, even if you are not sure whether your child has been poisoned or not. […] The Victorian Poisons Information Centre has a list of plants that are poisonous and that are best not to grow in places where children may have access to them.

• #86 Poisoning Information | Mount Sinai – New York

  https://www.mountsinai.org/health-library/special-topic/poisoning

  If the person has passed out or is not breathing, call 911 or the local emergency number right away. […] Your local poison control center can be reached directly by calling the national toll-free Poison Help hotline (1-800-222-1222) from anywhere in the United States. […] If you need to go to the emergency room, the health care provider will check your temperature, pulse, breathing rate, and blood pressure. […] To keep more poison from being absorbed, you may receive: Activated charcoal, A tube through the nose into the stomach, A laxative. […] Other treatments may include: Rinsing or irrigating the skin and eyes, Breathing support, including a tube through the mouth into the windpipe (trachea) and breathing machine, Fluids through the vein (IV), Medicines to reverse the effects of the poison. […] Take these steps to help prevent poisoning. […] Never share prescription medicines. […] Always store household chemicals in the container they come in. Do not reuse containers. […] Keep all medicines and chemicals locked up or out of the reach of children.

• #87 Poisoning and child safety | Better Health Channel

  https://www.betterhealth.vic.gov.au/health/healthyliving/poisoning-and-child-safety

  Most poisonings involving children happen at home, but they can also occur while visiting friends and family, or while on holiday. […] Poison may be swallowed, spilt on the skin, sprayed or splashed in the eye or inhaled. […] If you suspect a child has been exposed to a poison whether swallowed, spilt on the skin, splashed in the eye or inhaled or if a child has been given the wrong medicine or wrong dose of medicine, phone the Poisons Information Centre immediately. […] If a child in your care has been or may have been poisoned, given the wrong medicine or wrong dose of medicine, do not wait for symptoms to occur. […] The best protection against poisoning is to make sure that children do not have access to any poisons or medicines. […] Store all medicines in a locked cabinet. […] Store household chemicals such as cleaning or gardening products out of children’s reach, preferably locked away. […] Always check with the Poisons Information Centre, even if you are not sure whether your child has been poisoned or not. […] The Victorian Poisons Information Centre has a list of plants that are poisonous and that are best not to grow in places where children may have access to them.

• #88 Poison – Child Care Aware® of America

  https://www.childcareaware.org/our-issues/crisis-and-disaster-resources/poison/

  Poisoning is preventable! Sadly, every day, two children die and over 300 children (aged 0 to 19) are treated in an emergency department as a result of being poisoned. There are simple steps that you and parents can take to prevent poisoning. Among them is educating parents, 90% of poison incidents happen at home. […] Specially trained nurses, pharmacists, and physicians staff poison control centers and provide multilingual translation services in 161 languages. Last year, Poison Control provided assistance to nearly 3 million callers. Nearly 80% of these calls were for children younger than 5 years old. […] Lock medications up and awayKeep medicines in their original packaging. Place medications away from food, in a location where children can’t see or get them. While most medications have child-resistant lids that can make it more difficult for children to open the medication packaging, no packaging is completely child-proof. That is why it is essential that medications are stored out of sight and reach of children.

• #89 Poisoning: First Aid (for Parents) | Nemours KidsHealth

  https://kidshealth.org/en/parents/poisoning-sheet.html

  Most childhood poisonings happen in the home. They usually can be treated at home with advice from the poison control center. But it’s important to know when a poisoning is serious enough to need medical treatment right away. […] If your child might have taken a poison and is alert, acting normally, and can breathe well: Get help from the Poison Control right away at 1-800-222-1222 or online at Poison Control. […] If your child might have taken a poison and is not acting normally, passes out, has a seizure, or has trouble breathing: Call 911 or get emergency medical care right away. […] To help prevent poisoning: Keep medicines in locked cabinets. […] Keep cleaning products and alcohol in locked cabinets or far out of reach. […] Never tell a child that medicine tastes like candy. […] Never put cleaning products in containers that were once used for food or drink. […] Never put rodent poison on the floor.

• #90 Lead Poisoning Nursing Care Planning and Management

  https://nurseslabs.com/lead-poisoning/

  Lead poisoning is a preventable yet concerning public health issue that demands immediate attention. […] Nurses play an important role in recognizing the signs and symptoms of lead poisoning, educating families on potential sources of lead exposure, and advocating for preventive measures to reduce risks. […] Nursing care for a child who has lead poisoning includes: […] Assessment of a child who experiences lead poisoning involves: […] Based on the assessment data, the major nursing diagnoses are: […] The major goals are: […] The nursing interventions are: […] Educate the family about lead poisoning prevention and nutrition. […] Goals are met as evidenced by: […] Documentation in a child who underwent lead poisoning includes:

• #91 Risk for Poisoning Nursing Diagnosis: Definition, Factors, and Risks

  https://nnndiagnoses.org/risk-for-poisoning/

  Nursing interventions related to the risk for poisoning should be comprehensive and proactive, focusing on education, safety measures, and ongoing support for at-risk populations. […] Nursing activities are essential in ensuring that individuals at risk for poisoning receive appropriate care and preventive measures. […] Understanding related nursing diagnoses is vital for addressing the broader implications of the „Risk for Poisoning” diagnosis. […] When utilizing the „Risk for Poisoning” nursing diagnosis, healthcare professionals should prioritize individualized assessments that take into account the unique circumstances and environments of their patients. […] Patient education is a critical component in preventing poisoning, as it equips individuals with the knowledge needed to recognize potential hazards and understand how to safeguard themselves and their families.

• #92 Risk for Poisoning Nursing Diagnosis: Definition, Factors, and Risks

  https://nnndiagnoses.org/risk-for-poisoning/

  When assessing risks for poisoning, it is vital to consider the patient’s living conditions, accessibility to hazardous substances, and their level of knowledge about poison prevention. […] Community engagement plays a crucial role in poison prevention by promoting awareness and education on the risks associated with toxic substances.

• #93 Poisoning and child safety | Better Health Channel

  https://www.betterhealth.vic.gov.au/health/healthyliving/poisoning-and-child-safety

  Accidental poisoning is most commonly a problem in young children. […] It is easy for parents and carers to underestimate the ability of young children to reach medicines or chemicals. […] Keep all poisons, especially things you use every day, such as medicines, drain cleaners, oven or grill cleaners, bleach, and dishwasher machine powder, well out of reach of children. […] Always double check before giving medicine to children. […] A child may also be poisoned if they are given the wrong medicine or a wrong dose of medicine. Always double check the age and dosage instructions before giving medicine to children. […] Young children do not know the difference between what is safe and what is dangerous. It is your responsibility to make your home safe for children. […] If you suspect a child has been exposed to a poison, or given the wrong medicine or the wrong dose of medicine, do not wait for symptoms to occur. Call the Poisons Information Centre immediately for advice.

• #94 Accidental Poisoning and Interventions

  https://www.rn101.net/single-post/2015/07/26/accidental-poisoning-and-interventions

  Poisoning is the harmful effect that occurs when a toxic substance is swallowed, is inhaled, or comes in contact with the skin, eyes, or mucous membranes, such as those of the mouth or nose. […] Young children and the elderly are particularly prone to accidental poisoning. Most poisonings happen at home and the products involved, apart from unintentionally ingesting medications, are mainly cosmetic and personal care products such as shower gels, shampoos, body lotions, soaps and nail polish, or cleaning products such as bleach, toilet cleaners and detergents. […] For elderly (aged 75 years and above), are susceptible to accidental poisoning due to reduced sight and senses of taste and smell, as well as their memory may be impaired, and for that reasons they cannot easily distinguish edible products from others, particularly if they are disoriented because of illness or medication.

• #95 Poisoning: First aid

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/first-aid/first-aid-poisoning/basics/art-20056657

  Poisoning is injury or death due to swallowing, inhaling, touching or injecting various drugs, chemicals, venoms or gases. […] If you are concerned about possible poisoning, call Poison Help at 800-222-1222 in the United States or your regional poison control center. […] Poison control centers are excellent resources for poisoning information and, in many situations, may advise that in-home observation is all that’s needed. […] Call Poison Help at 800-222-1222 in the United States or your regional poison control center in the following situations: The person is stable and has no symptoms. The person is going to be transported to the local emergency department. […] Poisoning symptoms can mimic other conditions, such as seizure, alcohol intoxication, stroke and insulin reaction. Symptoms of poisoning may include: Burns or redness around the mouth and lips. Breath that smells like chemicals, such as gasoline or paint thinner. Vomiting. Difficulty breathing. Drowsiness. Confusion or other altered mental status.

• #96 Poison Centers | Poison Help

  https://poisonhelp.hrsa.gov/poison-centers

  Poison centers help with poison emergencies and give information to prevent poisonings. You can talk to health care professionals like nurses, pharmacists, and doctors 24 hours a day, 7 days a week by calling the free Poison Help line at 1-800-222-1222. […] Poison centers offer: […] Advice for health care professionals and the public […] Poison prevention facts and care.

• #97 Poisoning: First aid

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/first-aid/first-aid-poisoning/basics/art-20056657

  Poisoning is injury or death due to swallowing, inhaling, touching or injecting various drugs, chemicals, venoms or gases. […] If you are concerned about possible poisoning, call Poison Help at 800-222-1222 in the United States or your regional poison control center. […] Poison control centers are excellent resources for poisoning information and, in many situations, may advise that in-home observation is all that’s needed. […] Call Poison Help at 800-222-1222 in the United States or your regional poison control center in the following situations: The person is stable and has no symptoms. The person is going to be transported to the local emergency department. […] Poisoning symptoms can mimic other conditions, such as seizure, alcohol intoxication, stroke and insulin reaction. Symptoms of poisoning may include: Burns or redness around the mouth and lips. Breath that smells like chemicals, such as gasoline or paint thinner. Vomiting. Difficulty breathing. Drowsiness. Confusion or other altered mental status.

• #98 Poison Centers | Poison Help

  https://poisonhelp.hrsa.gov/poison-centers

  Poison centers help with poison emergencies and give information to prevent poisonings. You can talk to health care professionals like nurses, pharmacists, and doctors 24 hours a day, 7 days a week by calling the free Poison Help line at 1-800-222-1222. […] Poison centers offer: […] Advice for health care professionals and the public […] Poison prevention facts and care.

• #99 Poison Control Center | Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia

  https://www.chop.edu/centers-programs/poison-control-center

  The Poison Control Center at Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia (CHOP) is a vital resource for families. Committed to safeguarding your child’s well-being, the center provides immediate assistance in case of poisoning incidents. Staffed by experts in toxicology, the center offers valuable guidance to parents and caregivers 24/7. […] Their comprehensive approach includes education on poison prevention, ensuring a safe home environment for your family. […] The Poison Control Center provides families and educators with helpful information about poisons, potential poisons and hazards in the home and other locations children visit. […] Every specialist who answers calls in the Poison Control Center is specially trained in toxicology, and many are certified by the American Association of Poison Control Centers. Our medical toxicology consultants from other local institutions further expand our ability to provide services to the region.

• #100 Poison Control Miller School of Medicine

  https://med.miami.edu/departments/pediatrics/divisions/poison-control

  The Florida Poison Information Center Miami processes calls to the national 1-800-222-1222 Poison Help line from Miami-Dade, Broward, Palm Beach, Monroe, Lee and Collier Counties. […] Our Certified Poison Information Specialists answer questions from the public and offer treatment advice to healthcare providers managing poisonings of all types, 24 hours a day, seven days a week. […] The poison control center at UM/Jackson Medical Center treats approximately 30,000 poisonings a year. […] Many poisonings in children, for instance, are effectively managed at home with our expertise, saving time and healthcare costs. […] Serious poisonings are referred to emergency care and the poison center provides the treating hospital with clinical guidance as needed. […] Todays common poisonings involve prescription or over-the-counter medications, household chemicals and cleaners, cosmetics, plants and mushrooms, illicit drugs, vitamins, and dietary supplements.

• #101 Poison Control Center | Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia

  https://www.chop.edu/centers-programs/poison-control-center

  The Poison Control Center at Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia (CHOP) is a vital resource for families. Committed to safeguarding your child’s well-being, the center provides immediate assistance in case of poisoning incidents. Staffed by experts in toxicology, the center offers valuable guidance to parents and caregivers 24/7. […] Their comprehensive approach includes education on poison prevention, ensuring a safe home environment for your family. […] The Poison Control Center provides families and educators with helpful information about poisons, potential poisons and hazards in the home and other locations children visit. […] Every specialist who answers calls in the Poison Control Center is specially trained in toxicology, and many are certified by the American Association of Poison Control Centers. Our medical toxicology consultants from other local institutions further expand our ability to provide services to the region.

• #102 Poisoning: First aid

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/first-aid/first-aid-poisoning/basics/art-20056657

  Poisoning is injury or death due to swallowing, inhaling, touching or injecting various drugs, chemicals, venoms or gases. […] If you are concerned about possible poisoning, call Poison Help at 800-222-1222 in the United States or your regional poison control center. […] Poison control centers are excellent resources for poisoning information and, in many situations, may advise that in-home observation is all that’s needed. […] Call Poison Help at 800-222-1222 in the United States or your regional poison control center in the following situations: The person is stable and has no symptoms. The person is going to be transported to the local emergency department. […] Poisoning symptoms can mimic other conditions, such as seizure, alcohol intoxication, stroke and insulin reaction. Symptoms of poisoning may include: Burns or redness around the mouth and lips. Breath that smells like chemicals, such as gasoline or paint thinner. Vomiting. Difficulty breathing. Drowsiness. Confusion or other altered mental status.

• #103 What You Can Do | Poison Help

  https://poisonhelp.hrsa.gov/what-you-can-do

  If someone may have been poisoned, call the toll-free Poison Help line (18002221222), which connects you to your local poison center, to speak with a poison expert right away. This expert can give you advice on first aid and may save you from a visit to the emergency room. […] Do not wait for signs of poisoning before calling Poison Help (1-800-222-1222), which connects you to your local poison center. […] Help prevent poisonings […] Learn how to poison proof your home and reduce the risk of poisonings. […] Keep the toll-free Poison Help line (18002221222), which connects you to your local poison center, in a place where you can find it in an emergency.

• #104 Poisoning Information & Treatment

  https://www.columbiadoctors.org/health-library/symptom/poisoning/

  The symptoms of a suspected poisoning may vary. They depend on the person’s age, the type of poisonous substance, the amount of poison involved, and how much time has passed since the poisoning occurred. Some common symptoms that might point to a poisoning include: Nausea and vomiting. Cramps. Throat pain. Drooling. Sudden sleepiness, confusion, or decreased alertness. Anxiousness, nervousness, grouchiness, or tremors. Seizures. Substance residue or burn around the mouth, teeth, or eyes, or on the skin. Trouble breathing. A headache. […] In the case of a poisoning, a poison control center, a hospital, or your doctor can give you advice right away on what to do. The United States National Poison Control Hotline phone number is 1-800-222-1222. Have the poison container with you so you can give complete information to the poison control center, such as what the poison or substance is, how much was taken and when. Do not try to make the person vomit.

• #105 Delaware Coalition for Injury Prevention – Poisoning Injury Prevention Team – Delaware Health and Social Services – State of Delaware

  https://dhss.delaware.gov/dhss/dph/ems/ippoison.html

  More than 2,500,000 telephone calls are received by Poison Control Centers each year. […] More than half the calls involve children under the age of 6. […] Every 8 minutes a child is presented to an Emergency Department due to a poisoning. […] In more than 80% of cases, the Poison Control Center can reassure families and avoid a trip to the hospital. […] Poisonings can be prevented. […] Medication safety is an important preventive measure for unintentional poisonings, especially in children.

• #106 Sodium hydroxide poisoning: MedlinePlus Medical EncyclopediaLock

  https://medlineplus.gov/ency/article/002487.htm

  How well a person does depends on how fast the poison is diluted and neutralized. Extensive damage to the mouth, throat, eyes, lungs, esophagus, nose, and stomach are possible. […] The long-term outcome depends on the extent of this damage. Damage to the esophagus and stomach continues to occur for several weeks after the poison was swallowed. Death may occur as long as a month later.

• #107 Poison – Poisoning Symptoms and Treatment | familydoctor.org

  https://familydoctor.org/condition/poisoning/

  The sooner you recognize poisoning symptoms, the better the outcome. However, the lasting effects of poisoning vary. It depends on the substance, amount, and type of exposure. Your age, weight, and state of health also affect your outcome. Poisoning can cause short-term effects, like a skin rash or brief illness. In serious cases, it can cause brain damage, a coma, or death.

• #108 Lead Poisoning | Boston Children’s Hospital

  https://www.childrenshospital.org/conditions/lead-poisoning

  High levels of lead may also cause seizures, coma, and, in rare cases, death. […] Lead is also harmful to adults, who may suffer from: Difficulties during pregnancy, Reproductive problems in both men and women, High blood pressure, Digestive problems, Nerve disorders, Memory and concentration problems, Muscle and joint pain. […] Treatment can range from changes in your diet to medications or a hospital stay. Lead poisoning is treatable with a medicine that pulls lead out of the blood. […] It’s most important that you identify and get rid of the source of the lead poisoning. […] At Boston Children’s Hospital’s Pediatric Environmental Health Center, our staff is doing research to answer important questions about lead poisoning, including how lead affects children of different ages and what are the best ways to treat children with lead poisoning. […] The Pediatric Environmental Health Center coordinates the care of children and adolescents exposed to a wide range of poisons. […] The Regional Center for Poison Control and Prevention provides 24-hour treatment and advice to health care professionals and the public on all types of poisoning.

• #109 Emergency Care For Accidental Poisoning Pearland, Texas

  https://sler247.com/services/emergency-care-for-accidental-poisoning-pearland-tx/

  Throughout the treatment process, we closely monitor the patients vital signs, organ function, and overall progress. […] As part of our comprehensive care approach, we educate patients and their families about the potential dangers of accidental poisoning and provide guidance on prevention strategies to minimize future risks. […] The long-term effects of accidental poisoning can vary depending on the substance involved and the severity of the exposure. Some substances may cause organ damage, neurological complications, or long-term health issues. Early and appropriate medical treatment can help minimize the risk of long-term effects.

• #110 Poison – Poisoning Symptoms and Treatment | familydoctor.org

  https://familydoctor.org/condition/poisoning/

  The sooner you recognize poisoning symptoms, the better the outcome. However, the lasting effects of poisoning vary. It depends on the substance, amount, and type of exposure. Your age, weight, and state of health also affect your outcome. Poisoning can cause short-term effects, like a skin rash or brief illness. In serious cases, it can cause brain damage, a coma, or death.

• #111 Oil-based paint poisoning – UF Health

  https://ufhealth.org/conditions-and-treatments/oil-based-paint-poisoning

  Oil-based paint poisoning occurs when large amounts of oil-based paint get into your stomach or lungs. It may also occur if the poison gets into your eyes or touches your skin. […] Poisoning symptoms can affect many parts of the body. […] Seek immediate medical help. DO NOT make a person throw up unless told to do so by poison control or a health care professional. […] Your local poison control center can be reached directly by calling the national toll-free Poison Help hotline (1-800-222-1222) from anywhere in the United States. […] How well a person does depends on the amount of poison swallowed and how quickly treatment was received.

• #112 Sodium hydroxide poisoning: MedlinePlus Medical EncyclopediaLock

  https://medlineplus.gov/ency/article/002487.htm

  How well a person does depends on how fast the poison is diluted and neutralized. Extensive damage to the mouth, throat, eyes, lungs, esophagus, nose, and stomach are possible. […] The long-term outcome depends on the extent of this damage. Damage to the esophagus and stomach continues to occur for several weeks after the poison was swallowed. Death may occur as long as a month later.

• #113 Sodium hydroxide poisoning: MedlinePlus Medical EncyclopediaLock

  https://medlineplus.gov/ency/article/002487.htm

  How well a person does depends on how fast the poison is diluted and neutralized. Extensive damage to the mouth, throat, eyes, lungs, esophagus, nose, and stomach are possible. […] The long-term outcome depends on the extent of this damage. Damage to the esophagus and stomach continues to occur for several weeks after the poison was swallowed. Death may occur as long as a month later.

• #114 Emergency Care For Accidental Poisoning Pearland, Texas

  https://sler247.com/services/emergency-care-for-accidental-poisoning-pearland-tx/

  Throughout the treatment process, we closely monitor the patients vital signs, organ function, and overall progress. […] As part of our comprehensive care approach, we educate patients and their families about the potential dangers of accidental poisoning and provide guidance on prevention strategies to minimize future risks. […] The long-term effects of accidental poisoning can vary depending on the substance involved and the severity of the exposure. Some substances may cause organ damage, neurological complications, or long-term health issues. Early and appropriate medical treatment can help minimize the risk of long-term effects.

• #115 Recovery & Support for Poisoning in Children | NYU Langone Health

  https://nyulangone.org/conditions/poisoning-in-children/support

  The doctors at Hassenfeld Childrens Hospital at NYU Langone provide children with ongoing support throughout recovery from poisoning. This includes monitoring in the hospital for changes in heart rhythm and difficulty breathing. Any changes in vital signs may necessitate additional treatments. […] After treatment for poisoning, our doctors may recommend that you follow up with your childs healthcare professional, who typically checks your childs vital signs, performs a physical examination, and provides advice for preventing poisonings at home and elsewhere. […] After treatment, its important to take steps to prevent another poisoning by putting items that are potentially toxic out of your childs reach.

• #116 Recovery & Support for Poisoning in Children | NYU Langone Health

  https://nyulangone.org/conditions/poisoning-in-children/support

  The doctors at Hassenfeld Childrens Hospital at NYU Langone provide children with ongoing support throughout recovery from poisoning. This includes monitoring in the hospital for changes in heart rhythm and difficulty breathing. Any changes in vital signs may necessitate additional treatments. […] After treatment for poisoning, our doctors may recommend that you follow up with your childs healthcare professional, who typically checks your childs vital signs, performs a physical examination, and provides advice for preventing poisonings at home and elsewhere. […] After treatment, its important to take steps to prevent another poisoning by putting items that are potentially toxic out of your childs reach.

• #117 Food Poisoning: Care Instructions | Kaiser Permanente

  https://healthy.kaiserpermanente.org/health-wellness/health-encyclopedia/he.food-poisoning-care-instructions.ut2739

  Follow-up care is a key part of your treatment and safety. […] Call your doctor now or seek immediate medical care if: […] Watch closely for changes in your health, and be sure to contact your doctor if:

• #118

  https://myhealth.alberta.ca/Health/aftercareinformation/pages/conditions.aspx?hwid=uf7728

  Carbon monoxide poisoning occurs when you breathe air that contains too much carbon monoxide. This gas has no colour, odour, or taste. You can’t tell when you are breathing it. It replaces the oxygen carried in the blood. When this happens, the body’s organs and tissues which depend on oxygen cannot work properly. […] Follow-up care is a key part of your treatment and safety. Be sure to make and go to all appointments, and call your doctor or nurse advice line (811 in most provinces and territories) if you are having problems. It’s also a good idea to know your test results and keep a list of the medicines you take. […] Do not ignore any symptoms of carbon monoxide poisoning, especially if more than one person in your home or workplace has these symptoms. Symptoms include headaches, nausea, and dizziness.

• #119

  https://myhealth.alberta.ca/Health/aftercareinformation/pages/conditions.aspx?hwid=uf7728

  Call your doctor or nurse advice line now or seek immediate medical care if: Your shortness of breath gets worse. You continue to vomit. Your headache gets worse. You are dizzy or light-headed, or you feel like you may faint. […] Watch closely for changes in your health, and be sure to contact your doctor or nurse advice line if: You have any changes in vision, concentration, coordination, or behaviour in the next few weeks. You do not get better as expected.

• #120

  https://journals.lww.com/ijcn/fulltext/2019/20020/organophosphate_poisoning__overview,_management.10.aspx

  Acute poisoning by organophosphates (OPs) for suicidal purpose poses a major problem, leading to high mortality in the developing countries. […] Early identification of the signs and symptoms and prompt management enhance better outcomes reducing mortality. Atropine, oximes, neuroprotection and quality care remain the mainstay of treatment for OP poisoning and can reverse the life-threatening features of acute poisoning. Supportive treatment includes maintaining airway, breathing, circulation and decontamination of the poison. Nurses working in the critical care units play a vital role in monitoring the patient closely, providing quality nursing care and thereby preventing complications. […] A clear understanding about organophosphorus poisoning will equip nurses in the critical care to render appropriate care that can directly impact positive patient outcomes in the acute phase of hospitalisation. Counselling and family support play an important role in the rehabilitation of a patient who has attempted suicide using these compounds.

• #121

  https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/poisoning/treatment/

  Possible treatments that can be used to treat poisoning include: activated charcoal sometimes used to treat someone who’s been poisoned; the charcoal binds to the poison and stops it being further absorbed into the blood, antidotes these are substances that either prevent the poison from working or reverse its effects, sedatives may be given if the person is agitated, a ventilator (breathing machine) may be used if the person stops breathing, anti-epileptic medicine may be used if the person has seizures (fits). […] If you or someone you know has poisoned themselves as an act of deliberate self-harm or an attempt at suicide, psychiatric help may be necessary.

• #122 Overview of Poisoning – Injuries and Poisoning – Merck Manual Consumer Version

  https://www.merckmanuals.com/home/injuries-and-poisoning/poisoning/overview-of-poisoning

  The principles for the treatment of all poisonings are the same: Support vital functions such as breathing, blood pressure, body temperature, and heart rate; Prevent additional absorption; Increase elimination of the poison; Give specific antidotes (substances that eliminate, inactivate, or counteract the effects of the poison), if available; Prevent reexposure. […] Poisoning often requires treatment, called supportive care, to stabilize the heart, blood pressure, and breathing until the poison disappears or is inactivated. […] People who attempt suicide by poisoning need mental health evaluation and appropriate treatment.

• #123

  https://journals.lww.com/ijcn/fulltext/2019/20020/organophosphate_poisoning__overview,_management.10.aspx

  Acute poisoning by organophosphates (OPs) for suicidal purpose poses a major problem, leading to high mortality in the developing countries. […] Early identification of the signs and symptoms and prompt management enhance better outcomes reducing mortality. Atropine, oximes, neuroprotection and quality care remain the mainstay of treatment for OP poisoning and can reverse the life-threatening features of acute poisoning. Supportive treatment includes maintaining airway, breathing, circulation and decontamination of the poison. Nurses working in the critical care units play a vital role in monitoring the patient closely, providing quality nursing care and thereby preventing complications. […] A clear understanding about organophosphorus poisoning will equip nurses in the critical care to render appropriate care that can directly impact positive patient outcomes in the acute phase of hospitalisation. Counselling and family support play an important role in the rehabilitation of a patient who has attempted suicide using these compounds.

• #124 Poisoning Information & Treatment

  https://www.columbiadoctors.org/health-library/symptom/poisoning/

  Call a poison control center, hospital, or doctor right away. The United States National Poison Control Hotline phone number is 1-800-222-1222. Have the poison container with you so you can give complete information to the poison control center. They have guidelines on what treatments are needed for all types of poisons. […] Do not try to make the person vomit. And do not use syrup of ipecac. It is no longer used to treat poisonings. If you have syrup of ipecac in your home, call your pharmacist for instructions on how to dispose of it and throw away the container. Don’t store anything else in the container. Activated charcoal is also not used at home to treat poisonings. […] If a poisoning was intentional, get help.

• #125 Recovery & Support for Poisoning in Children | NYU Langone Health

  https://nyulangone.org/conditions/poisoning-in-children/support

  The doctors at Hassenfeld Childrens Hospital at NYU Langone provide children with ongoing support throughout recovery from poisoning. This includes monitoring in the hospital for changes in heart rhythm and difficulty breathing. Any changes in vital signs may necessitate additional treatments. […] After treatment for poisoning, our doctors may recommend that you follow up with your childs healthcare professional, who typically checks your childs vital signs, performs a physical examination, and provides advice for preventing poisonings at home and elsewhere. […] After treatment, its important to take steps to prevent another poisoning by putting items that are potentially toxic out of your childs reach.

• #126 Emergency Care For Accidental Poisoning Pearland, Texas

  https://sler247.com/services/emergency-care-for-accidental-poisoning-pearland-tx/

  Throughout the treatment process, we closely monitor the patients vital signs, organ function, and overall progress. […] As part of our comprehensive care approach, we educate patients and their families about the potential dangers of accidental poisoning and provide guidance on prevention strategies to minimize future risks. […] The long-term effects of accidental poisoning can vary depending on the substance involved and the severity of the exposure. Some substances may cause organ damage, neurological complications, or long-term health issues. Early and appropriate medical treatment can help minimize the risk of long-term effects.

• #127 Lead Poisoning: Information for Health Care Providers – NYC Health

  https://www.nyc.gov/site/doh/health/health-topics/lead-poisoning-for-healthcare-providers.page

  Testing for lead poisoning is a key component of childhood lead poisoning prevention. […] Early detection of a child’s elevated blood lead level permits timely identification of possible lead hazards in order to prevent further elevation of child’s blood lead level. […] Pregnant women should be assessed for lead exposure during their first prenatal visit. […] For adults who work with lead (for example, those who work in construction around renovation, repairs, demolition and clean-up), federal and state laws require employers to protect workers from lead exposure. […] Do-it-yourselfers, hobbyists and other professionals who work with lead, such as artists and frequent shooting range visitors, should consider getting a blood lead test. […] Blood lead levels of 3.5 mcg/dL or greater for all NYC residents must be reported within 24 hours.

Zobacz więcej