Materiały źródłowe

• #1 Social anxiety disorder (social phobia) – Symptoms and causes – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/social-anxiety-disorder/symptoms-causes/syc-20353561

  Social anxiety disorder can be a chronic mental health condition, but learning coping skills in psychotherapy and taking medications can help you gain confidence and improve your ability to interact with others. […] There’s no way to predict what will cause someone to develop an anxiety disorder, but you can take steps to reduce the impact of symptoms if you’re anxious: […] Get help early. Anxiety, like many other mental health conditions, can be harder to treat if you wait. […] Avoid unhealthy substance use. Alcohol and drug use and even caffeine or nicotine use can cause or worsen anxiety. If you’re addicted to any of these substances, quitting can make you anxious. If you can’t quit on your own, see your health care provider or find a treatment program or support group to help you.

• #1 Social anxiety disorder (social phobia) | Altru Health System

  https://www.altru.org/health-library/conditions/social-anxiety-disorder-social-phobia

  Social anxiety disorder can be a chronic mental health condition, but learning coping skills in psychotherapy and taking medications can help you gain confidence and improve your ability to interact with others. […] Although avoiding situations that produce anxiety may make you feel better in the short term, your anxiety is likely to continue over the long term if you don’t get treatment. […] There’s no way to predict what will cause someone to develop an anxiety disorder, but you can take steps to reduce the impact of symptoms if you’re anxious: Get help early. Anxiety, like many other mental health conditions, can be harder to treat if you wait. […] Don’t give up if treatment doesn’t work quickly. You can continue to make strides in psychotherapy over several weeks or months. Learning new skills to help manage your anxiety takes time. […] Over time, these coping methods can help control your symptoms and prevent a relapse. Remind yourself that you can get through anxious moments, that your anxiety is short-lived and that the negative consequences you worry about so much rarely come to pass.

• #1 How to Overcome Social Anxiety | Charlie Health

  https://www.charliehealth.com/post/how-to-overcome-social-anxiety-effective-tips-from-expert

  With the correct support system, anyone can learn how to overcome social anxiety. […] Social phobia, now commonly known as social anxiety disorder, is a type of anxiety disorder defined by extreme fear or anxiety in social situations, including eating in the cafeteria, making small talk, using public restrooms, or exercising at the gym. […] Luckily, social phobia is manageable when you understand its symptoms and have the skills to cope. […] Just like many mental health conditions, overcoming social anxiety is possible with the proper support. […] Below are some tips to help you cope with social anxiety and build confidence. […] Recognize when it’s time to get help for social anxiety. […] One national study found that, on average, people started feeling social anxiety around the age of 15, but most, about 80%, didn’t get help for it.

• #1 Prevention and Treatment of Social Anxiety Disorder in Adolescents: Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial of the Online Guided Self-Help Intervention SOPHIE

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10337443/

  Social anxiety symptoms are highly prevalent among adolescents and are associated with poor quality of life and low psychosocial functioning. If untreated, social anxiety often persists into adulthood and increases the risk for comorbid disorders. Therefore, early interventions for social anxiety to prevent negative long-term consequences are critical. […] Online interventions represent a promising opportunity to reach adolescents who have social anxiety but do not seek help yet. […] Results are discussed considering the potential of online interventions as a low-threshold prevention and treatment option for adolescents with social anxiety. […] Promising strategies to prevent or diminish these detrimental effects of SAD include low-threshold early interventions that are delivered online.

• #1 Social Phobia: Practice Essentials, Background, Pathophysiology

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/290854-overview

  Social anxiety can occur in the presence of autism and can have a poorer prognosis, especially if major depression develops in adulthood. […] Approaches to prevention of social phobia in school children include universal emotional health interventions using computer programs such as FRIENDS or Coping Cat to decrease anxiety symptoms and to improve self-esteem, which may be helpful as long as the interventions specifically target social phobia. […] Patient and family education are important for helping resolve symptoms and preventing relapses. Family support may be helpful in behavioral desensitization techniques and in decreasing the social isolation of the patient. Patients and families should be educated regarding the nature, prognosis, and treatment of the disorder.

• #1 Prevention and Treatment of Social Anxiety Disorder in Adolescents: Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial of the Online Guided Self-Help Intervention SOPHIE

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10337443/

  Studies suggest that indicated prevention carried out in schools or online can produce small but beneficial effects in adolescent samples. […] Based on these findings, online interventions may be helpful for adolescents with subclinical social anxiety and with SAD, but our understanding of the mechanisms of change underlying these interventions in adolescent samples is still limited. […] Overall, this online intervention may thereby offer a low-threshold prevention and treatment option to reduce the treatment gap and improve mental health care in adolescents.

• #1 JMIR Research Protocols – Prevention and Treatment of Social Anxiety Disorder in Adolescents: Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial of the Online Guided Self-Help Intervention SOPHIE

  https://www.researchprotocols.org/2023/1/e44346/

  Based on these findings, online interventions may be helpful for adolescents with subclinical social anxiety and with SAD, but our understanding of the mechanisms of change underlying these interventions in adolescent samples is still limited. […] Overall, first studies suggest that online interventions have positive effects on adolescents with SAD; however, much uncertainty still exists about the efficacy of indicated prevention trials including adolescents with subclinical social anxiety. […] The primary objective of this study is to examine the efficacy of an online intervention called SOPHIE for adolescents with subclinical social anxiety or SAD compared to a care-as-usual (CAU) control group. […] A positive evaluation of this intervention holds several implications for the future: first, it may offer an efficacious intervention for both clinical as well as subclinical levels of social anxiety; second, the delivery format provides a high level of confidentiality as well as autonomy and may reach more adolescents in need than face-to-face psychotherapy interventions, in particular, those who need care but have not sought help yet; and third, it could also precede or complement more resource-intensive face-to-face interventions in terms of a stepped care approach. […] Overall, this online intervention may thereby offer a low-threshold prevention and treatment option to reduce the treatment gap and improve mental health care in adolescents.

• #1 Social Phobia Treatment & Management: Approach Considerations, Medical Care, Surgical Care

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/290854-treatment

  A combination of pharmacotherapy and psychotherapy is usually indicated for persons with social phobia. […] Virtual reality exposure therapy is an effective approach, especially when done using head-mounted displays in a manner that mimics in vivo exposure therapy. […] Surgical treatment of infantile facial hemangiomas (IH) may prevent the later development of social anxiety disorder. […] Toddlers and young children with excessive shyness and an inhibited temperament in childhood may be at greater risk of social phobia in adolescence. This may be in part related to the caregiver/parents response to the child’s emotional reaction to social situations, hence the importance of modeling and encouraging the young child’s ability to ignore negative internal cues and a gradual approach to coping with fears.

• #1 Social Anxiety Disorder: More Than Just Shyness – National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH)

  https://www.nimh.nih.gov/health/publications/social-anxiety-disorder-more-than-just-shyness

  Social anxiety disorder is an intense, persistent fear of being watched and judged by others. […] Social anxiety disorder is generally treated with psychotherapy (sometimes called talk therapy), medication, or both. […] Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT), a research-supported type of psychotherapy, is commonly used to treat social anxiety disorder. […] Exposure therapy is a CBT method that focuses on progressively confronting the fears underlying an anxiety disorder to help you engage in activities you have been avoiding. […] Another treatment option for social anxiety disorder is acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT). […] Health care providers may prescribe medication to treat social anxiety disorder. […] Both psychotherapy and medication can take some time to work. […] A healthy lifestyle also can help combat anxiety.

• #1 Social anxiety disorder: Treatments and tips for managing this challenging condition – Harvard Health

  https://www.health.harvard.edu/mind-and-mood/social-anxiety-disorder-treatments-and-tips-for-managing-this-challenging-condition

  Self-help techniques can be used to complement other treatments. […] Research shows that mindfulness can improve symptoms of SAD and overall quality of life. […] Regular exercise can help improve anxiety symptoms. Research suggests aerobic exercise is even more beneficial for social phobia when combined with CBT. […] Talking through your fears and hearing the experiences of others can help to validate your emotions and reduce social isolation.

• #1 Social Phobia – familydoctor.org

  https://familydoctor.org/condition/social-phobia/

  Social phobia, also called social anxiety disorder, is a fear of being judged by others during social situations. […] There is little you can do to prevent social phobia. You can get treatment to help manage, reduce, or relieve symptoms. […] Social phobia is an ongoing disorder that should be treated with medical care. […] Your doctor may recommend prescription medicine. Antidepressants and benzodiazepines are most common. […] Diet and exercise also are important in managing the symptoms of social anxiety. This includes regular exercise, a nutritious diet, and avoiding stimulants, such as caffeine and over-the-counter cold medicines.

• #1 Social anxiety disorder (social phobia) – Diagnosis and treatment – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/social-anxiety-disorder/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20353567

  To make the most of treatment, keep your medical or therapy appointments, challenge yourself by setting goals to approach social situations that cause you anxiety, take medications as directed, and talk to your health care provider about any changes in your condition. […] Although social anxiety disorder generally requires help from a medical expert or qualified psychotherapist, you can try some of these techniques to handle situations that are likely to trigger symptoms: Learn stress-reduction skills. […] By regularly facing these kinds of situations, you’ll continue to build and reinforce your coping skills. […] These coping methods may help ease your anxiety: Routinely reach out to friends and family members. […] Over time, these coping methods can help control your symptoms and prevent a relapse.

• #1 Social Anxiety Disorder | CAMH

  https://www.camh.ca/en/health-info/mental-illness-and-addiction-index/social-anxiety-disorder

  The most effective form of treatment for social anxiety disorder is cognitive-behavioural therapy (CBT). CBT for social anxiety disorder may include exposure therapy, which involves direct or imagined controlled exposure to objects or situations that create anxiety. […] Medications, such as anti-anxiety medications and antidepressants, have also been proven effective, and many people receive CBT and medication in combination. […] Support groups and self-help practices are also beneficial for people with social anxiety disorder. Regularly exercising, eating well, managing stress, spending time with loved ones, practicing spirituality or meditation, and monitoring alcohol and other drug use can help keep anxiety from getting worse.

• #1 Social phobia – MIELI

  https://mieli.fi/en/mental-ill-health/social-phobia/

  Social phobia can be treated effectively; treatment should be sought if you identify feelings of intense fear in yourself in connection to social situations. […] You can reduce social anxiety by ensuring adequate rest and regular sleep, relaxation and adequate exercise and by avoiding tobacco, alcohol and drugs. […] By teaching mental health skills in schools and universities, the risk of later anxiety disorders can be reduced.

• #1 Social Anxiety / Social Phobia: Alone With Witnesses – Part 2

  https://ocdla.com/social-anxiety-phobia-alone-witnesses-2-1974

  Social Anxiety can be successfully treated with Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT). […] The most effective form of treatment for Social Anxiety is the same as in other Obsessive Compulsive Spectrum Disorders Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT). […] The primary compulsion in Social Anxiety is the phobic avoidance of social situations in which one fears rejection and/or humiliation (thus its synonym, Social Phobia). […] The behavioral elements of CBT for Social Anxiety include Exposure and Response Prevention (ERP) and social skills training. […] ERP for social anxiety involves identifying the feared situations and re-creating them (exposure) while at the same time resisting the urge to avoid the discomfort by escaping the situation (response prevention). […] Another key element in Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) for the treatment of Social Anxiety is Mindfulness.

• #1 How to Practice Exposure Therapy for Social Anxiety

  https://www.verywellmind.com/practice-social-anxiety-disorder-exposure-therapy-3024845

  Exposure therapy for social anxiety disorder (SAD) can help you overcome fears of specific social and performance situations. […] Exposure therapy can be a highly effective treatment for social anxiety and social fears. […] If you have this fear, it is possible to use the principles of exposure therapy to gradually become more comfortable using restrooms in public. […] Exposure therapy for the fear of socializing can involve a hierarchy including these situations and any others that cause you anxiety. […] Like other difficult situations, you can overcome your anxiety about being the center of attention by gradually facing the situations you fear. […] Gradually facing increasingly difficult public speaking scenarios is one way to overcome your fears. […] Instead of shying away from conflict, exposure therapy will help you to gradually face potential conflict and learn that you can handle it when others disagree.

• #1 How to Practice Exposure Therapy for Social Anxiety

  https://www.verywellmind.com/practice-social-anxiety-disorder-exposure-therapy-3024845

  Self-administered exposure techniques can be helpful for social anxiety that is not so extreme that it renders you housebound or facing severe panic attacks in most social or performance situations. If you do find yourself with severe symptoms, exposure therapy practiced on your own may be too difficult.

• #1 Social Anxiety Disorder – HelpGuide.org

  https://www.helpguide.org/mental-health/anxiety/social-anxiety-disorder

  Many people get nervous or self-conscious on occasion, like when giving a speech or interviewing for a new job. But social anxiety disorder, or social phobia, is more than just shyness or occasional nerves. Social anxiety disorder involves intense fear of certain social situationsespecially situations that are unfamiliar or in which you feel youll be watched or evaluated by others. […] The first step is challenging your mentality. […] Challenging these negative thoughts is an effective way to reduce the symptoms of social anxiety. […] One of the most helpful things you can do to overcome social anxiety is to face the social situations you fear rather than avoid them. Avoidance keeps social anxiety disorder going. […] Actively seeking out supportive social environments is another effective way of challenging your fears and overcoming social anxiety.

• #1 Social Anxiety Disorder: Causes, Symptoms, and Treatment

  https://patient.info/mental-health/anxiety/social-anxiety-disorder

  There are several things that can help before trying other treatments: Keeping a diary. By recording what has happened, what was happening and the thoughts that went alongside that, it is possible to start to better understand the anxiety. […] Although alcohol may ease symptoms in the short term, in the long run it makes social anxiety worse. Drinking alcohol to 'calm nerves’ can lead to problem drinking and may make problems with social anxiety (and any depression that may accompany it) worse in the long term. […] Not much is known about the natural progress of the condition. However, with treatment there is a good chance that symptoms can be greatly improved. Without treatment, social phobia can be associated with depression in later life.

• #1 Recommendations | Social anxiety disorder: recognition, assessment and treatment | Guidance | NICE

  https://www.nice.org.uk/guidance/cg159/chapter/recommendations

  Ensure that children and young people and their parents or carers understand the purpose of any meetings and the reasons for sharing information. […] If a parent or carer cannot attend meetings for assessment or treatment, ensure that written information is provided and shared with them. […] Ask the identification questions for anxiety disorders in line with recommendation 1.2.2 in the NICE guideline on generalised anxiety disorder and panic disorder, and if social anxiety disorder is suspected: use the 3-item Mini-Social Phobia Inventory (Mini-SPIN). […] If the identification questions indicate possible social anxiety disorder, a practitioner who is competent to perform a mental health assessment should review the person’s mental state and associated functional, interpersonal and social difficulties.

• #1 Recommendations | Social anxiety disorder: recognition, assessment and treatment | Guidance | NICE

  https://www.nice.org.uk/guidance/cg159/chapter/recommendations

  Consider using a validated measure for social anxiety to inform the assessment and support the evaluation of any intervention, for example, the Social Phobia Inventory (SPIN) or the Liebowitz Social Anxiety Scale (LSAS). […] After diagnosis of social anxiety disorder in an adult, identify the goals for treatment and provide information about the disorder and its treatment including: the nature and course of the disorder and commonly occurring comorbidities. […] For people (including young people) with social anxiety disorder who misuse substances, be aware that alcohol or drug misuse is often an attempt to reduce anxiety in social situations and should not preclude treatment for social anxiety disorder. […] All interventions for adults with social anxiety disorder should be delivered by competent practitioners.

• #1 Recommendations | Social anxiety disorder: recognition, assessment and treatment | Guidance | NICE

  https://www.nice.org.uk/guidance/cg159/chapter/recommendations

  Offer adults with social anxiety disorder individual cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) that has been specifically developed to treat social anxiety disorder. […] For adults who decline cognitive behavioural interventions and express a preference for a pharmacological intervention, discuss their reasons for declining cognitive behavioural interventions and address any concerns. […] If the person wishes to proceed with a pharmacological intervention, offer a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) (escitalopram or sertraline). […] For adults whose symptoms of social anxiety disorder have only partially responded to individual CBT after an adequate course of treatment, consider a pharmacological intervention in combination with individual CBT. […] Individual CBT for social anxiety disorder should consist of up to 14 sessions of 90 minutes’ duration over approximately 4 months and include the following: education about social anxiety.

• #1 Social anxiety disorder: Treatments and tips for managing this challenging condition – Harvard Health

  https://www.health.harvard.edu/mind-and-mood/social-anxiety-disorder-treatments-and-tips-for-managing-this-challenging-condition

  The two most common treatment approaches for social anxiety disorder are cognitive behavioral therapy and prescription medications. […] Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT), a type of psychotherapy, is a first-line treatment for SAD. […] CBT can be done in an individual or group setting. Most people start with a weekly session and gradually decrease the frequency. Once your symptoms are well controlled, attending two to four sessions per year is recommended to prevent relapse. […] Your doctor may prescribe medications to use alone or in combination with CBT. Antidepressants are usually prescribed first for social anxiety disorder. […] These medications help normalize the levels of hormones in the brain that contribute to SAD. […] If you suffer from performance anxiety, your doctor may prescribe an anti-anxiety medication to use on an as-needed basis, such as before you give a presentation.

• #1 Recommendations | Social anxiety disorder: recognition, assessment and treatment | Guidance | NICE

  https://www.nice.org.uk/guidance/cg159/chapter/recommendations

  Individual CBT should consist of the following, taking into account the child or young person’s cognitive and emotional maturity: 8 to 12 sessions of 45 minutes’ duration. […] Do not routinely offer pharmacological interventions to treat social anxiety disorder in children and young people. […] Do not routinely offer anticonvulsants, tricyclic antidepressants, benzodiazepines or antipsychotic medication to treat social anxiety disorder in adults. […] Do not routinely offer mindfulness-based interventions or supportive therapy to treat social anxiety disorder.

• #1 WCA Recommendations for the Long-Term Treatment of Social Phobia | CNS Spectrums | Cambridge Core

  https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/cns-spectrums/article/wca-recommendations-for-the-longterm-treatment-of-social-phobia/51A84A21B32F2D4E75FD6E8031078E5F

  What is the best approach for treating patients with social phobia (social anxiety disorder) over the long term? […] The efficacy, tolerability, and safety of the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), evidenced in randomized clinical trials, support these agents as first-line treatment. […] Treatment of social phobia may need to be continued for several months to consolidate response and achieve full remission. […] In light of the chronicity and disability associated with social phobia, as well as the high relapse rate after short-term therapy, it is recommended that effective treatment be continued for at least 12 months. […] There is also evidence for the effectiveness of exposure-based strategies of cognitive-behavioral therapy, and controlled studies suggest that the effects of treatment are generally maintained at long-term follow-up.

• #1 Recommendations | Social anxiety disorder: recognition, assessment and treatment | Guidance | NICE

  https://www.nice.org.uk/guidance/cg159/chapter/recommendations

  People have the right to be involved in discussions and make informed decisions about their care, as described in making decisions about your care. […] The following guidance is based on the best available evidence. The full guideline gives details of the methods and the evidence used to develop the guidance. […] Primary and secondary care clinicians, managers and commissioners should consider arranging services flexibly to promote access and avoid exacerbating social anxiety disorder symptoms by offering: appointments at times when the service is least crowded or busy. […] When a person with social anxiety disorder is first offered an appointment, in particular in specialist services, provide clear information in a letter about: where to go on arrival and where they can wait. […] Be aware that changing healthcare professionals or services may be particularly stressful for people with social anxiety disorder.

• #1 Recommendations | Social anxiety disorder: recognition, assessment and treatment | Guidance | NICE

  https://www.nice.org.uk/guidance/cg159/chapter/recommendations

  For people with social anxiety disorder using inpatient mental health or medical services, arrange meals, activities and accommodation by regularly discussing how such provisions fit into their treatment plan and their preferences. […] Offer to provide treatment in settings where children and young people with social anxiety disorder and their parents or carers feel most comfortable, for example, at home or in schools or community centres. […] When assessing a person with social anxiety disorder, provide opportunities for them to make and change appointments by various means, including text, email or phone. […] Healthcare, social care and educational professionals working with children and young people should be trained and skilled in: negotiating and working with parents and carers, including helping parents with relationship difficulties find support.

• #1 South African Depression and Anxiety Group

  https://www.sadag.org/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=1834&Itemid=164

  Once social phobia is diagnosed, it is imperative that treatment is introduced without delay. […] Almost 80% of people suffering from Social Phobia find relief from their symptoms when treated with a combination of medication and psychotherapy. […] Real-life desensitisation is the single most effective treatment available for social phobias. […] If you suspect you may be suffering from Social Phobia, reading through this guide and learning about the disease is the first step to recovery. […] The support, encouragement and understanding of family and friends helps the recovery of a Social Phobia sufferer immeasurably. […] Gently encourage the sufferer to seek professional help.

• #1 Frontiers | The gold-standard treatment for social anxiety disorder: A roadmap for the future

  https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/psychology/articles/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.1070975/full

  The gold-standard treatment for social anxiety disorder: A roadmap for the future […] Exposure therapy (ET), which follows the Pavlovian extinction model, is regarded as the gold-standard treatment for social anxiety disorder (SAD). […] The benchmark treatments for SAD include exposure therapy (Steinman et al., 2016) and drug intervention (Klinger et al., 2005). Exposure therapy is an alternative to pharmacological interventions that produce undesirable side effects (Hindmarch, 2009). […] The digital revolution has brought about a change of modality from laboratory-based therapy to virtual reality exposure therapy (Bucci et al., 2019). […] To conclude, recent studies provide strong evidence that VRET is as effective as in vivo ET in treating SAD. VRET has higher ecological validity than in vivo ET. […] SAD treatment strategies based on classical conditioning have high attrition and relapse rate. There is a gap in the literature estimating the efficacy of therapies based on attrition rate and relapse prevention. Future research should be geared toward comparative longitudinal, relapse-prevention studies between Pavlovian exposure therapy, cognitive therapy, and third-wave approaches, such as therapy based on operant conditioning, and include both self-rating scales and neural markers as efficacy measures in treating SAD.

• #1 Social Anxiety Disorder: Causes, Symptoms, and Diagnosis

  https://www.healthline.com/health/anxiety/social-phobia

  Social anxiety disorder sometimes known as social phobia is a type of anxiety disorder that causes anxiety or fear in social settings. […] According to the Anxiety and Depression Association of America (ADAA), around 15 million American adults have social anxiety disorder. It often starts during the teenage years. […] Several treatment options can help with social anxiety disorder. How well a therapy works will vary between individuals. Some people only need one type of treatment, but others may need a combination. […] Counseling therapy, lifestyle changes, and medication can help many people cope with social anxiety and other mental health issues. […] Its important to seek medical help as soon as possible, as other complications may arise if a person lives with social anxiety disorder for a long time. Counseling, medication, and lifestyle remedies are all options. Social anxiety disorder seems to respond well to a combination of counseling and antidepressants, such as SSRIs and SNRIs. […] Medication, counseling, and lifestyle remedies can help people manage symptoms and improve their quality of life.

• #1 Social Anxiety – Social Phobia – Causes and Treatment

  https://altacenters.com/addiction-resources/social-anxiety/

  Social anxiety, unlike shyness, includes overwhelming fear and avoidance that interfere with your routine, relationships, and other activities. While you can’t prevent social anxiety, you can seek treatment to help reduce the symptoms as well as learn to adjust in certain social situations. […] Treatment for social anxiety includes talk therapies such as psychoanalysis and cognitive behavior therapies. Often medications are used as an adjunct to social anxiety therapy. […] Social anxiety treatment options include psychotherapy, medication, and support groups. Often, all three therapies are used to help in varying ways. […] Psychotherapy can occur individually or within a group. Group psychotherapy, for social anxiety, is an established treatment supported by evidence. Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT), a form of psychotherapy, can help you learn to identify and manage contributing factors leading to social anxiety.

• #1 Social anxiety (social phobia) – NHS

  https://www.nhs.uk/mental-health/conditions/social-anxiety/

  Social anxiety disorder, also called social phobia, is a long-term and overwhelming fear of social situations. […] It’s important to get help if you are having symptoms. There are treatments that can help you manage it. […] It’s a good idea to see a GP if you think you have social anxiety, especially if it’s having a big impact on your life. […] It’s a common problem and there are treatments that can help. […] Self-help can help reduce social anxiety and you might find it a useful first step before trying other treatments. […] A number of treatments are available for social anxiety. […] CBT is generally considered the best treatment, but other treatments may help if it does not work or you do not want to try it. […] Treatments for social anxiety in children are similar to those for teenagers and adults, although medicines are not normally used.

• #2 Social Anxiety Disorder – Definition, Symptoms, and Causes

  https://www.mentalhealth.com/library/social-anxiety-disorder

  There is no proven way to prevent social anxiety disorder, but if risk factors are present for the condition, there are things that can be done to promote mental health functioning and make anxiety symptoms more manageable. […] For example, seeking help when first noticing symptoms can connect a person to professional support and help them to develop coping skills for managing anxiety. Studies suggest that receiving treatment for social anxiety during the teen years is beneficial. […] Practicing good habits, such as maintaining a consistent sleep schedule, and avoiding the use of drugs and alcohol can also play a critical role in preventing complications from social anxiety disorder. There is evidence that treating insomnia may play a preventive role against social anxiety.

• #2 What Is Social Anxiety Disorder? Symptoms, Causes, Diagnosis, Treatment, and Prevention

  https://www.everydayhealth.com/social-anxiety-disorder/guide/

  Social anxiety disorder previously known as social phobia is an anxiety disorder in which you experience persistent fear of social or performance situations, according to the National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH). […] But, adds Chand, those with the disorder can learn to change the distortions in their thinking that lead to avoidance. […] Theres no way to completely prevent social anxiety disorder, but these techniques can help you reduce anxiety symptoms: (4) […] Get help as soon as possible. Anxiety can be more difficult to treat if you delay seeking treatment. […] Start journaling. Keeping a record of your thoughts and experiences can help you and your healthcare provider figure out whats causing your symptoms and what makes you feel better. […] Figure out your priorities. Carefully manage your time and energy, and spend time doing things you enjoy. […] Avoid unhealthy substance use. Using alcohol and drugs, as well as caffeine or nicotine, can cause anxiety or make it worse. But quitting can also cause anxiety. If youre addicted to any substances, look for a doctor, treatment program, or support group that can help.

• #2 JMIR Research Protocols – Prevention and Treatment of Social Anxiety Disorder in Adolescents: Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial of the Online Guided Self-Help Intervention SOPHIE

  https://www.researchprotocols.org/2023/1/e44346/

  Social anxiety symptoms are highly prevalent among adolescents and are associated with poor quality of life and low psychosocial functioning. If untreated, social anxiety often persists into adulthood and increases the risk for comorbid disorders. Therefore, early interventions for social anxiety to prevent negative long-term consequences are critical. […] Online interventions represent a promising opportunity to reach adolescents who have social anxiety but do not seek help yet. […] Promising strategies to prevent or diminish these detrimental effects of SAD include low-threshold early interventions that are delivered online. […] Online interventions bear the promise to offer adolescents help at a low threshold and with high confidentiality. […] Studies suggest that indicated prevention carried out in schools or online can produce small but beneficial effects in adolescent samples.

• #2 Social phobia – MIELI

  https://mieli.fi/en/mental-ill-health/social-phobia/

  Social phobia can be treated effectively; treatment should be sought if you identify feelings of intense fear in yourself in connection to social situations. […] You can reduce social anxiety by ensuring adequate rest and regular sleep, relaxation and adequate exercise and by avoiding tobacco, alcohol and drugs. […] By teaching mental health skills in schools and universities, the risk of later anxiety disorders can be reduced.

• #2 JMIR Research Protocols – Prevention and Treatment of Social Anxiety Disorder in Adolescents: Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial of the Online Guided Self-Help Intervention SOPHIE

  https://www.researchprotocols.org/2023/1/e44346/

  Based on these findings, online interventions may be helpful for adolescents with subclinical social anxiety and with SAD, but our understanding of the mechanisms of change underlying these interventions in adolescent samples is still limited. […] Overall, first studies suggest that online interventions have positive effects on adolescents with SAD; however, much uncertainty still exists about the efficacy of indicated prevention trials including adolescents with subclinical social anxiety. […] The primary objective of this study is to examine the efficacy of an online intervention called SOPHIE for adolescents with subclinical social anxiety or SAD compared to a care-as-usual (CAU) control group. […] A positive evaluation of this intervention holds several implications for the future: first, it may offer an efficacious intervention for both clinical as well as subclinical levels of social anxiety; second, the delivery format provides a high level of confidentiality as well as autonomy and may reach more adolescents in need than face-to-face psychotherapy interventions, in particular, those who need care but have not sought help yet; and third, it could also precede or complement more resource-intensive face-to-face interventions in terms of a stepped care approach. […] Overall, this online intervention may thereby offer a low-threshold prevention and treatment option to reduce the treatment gap and improve mental health care in adolescents.

• #2 Social Phobia Treatment & Management: Approach Considerations, Medical Care, Surgical Care

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/290854-treatment

  Because very low weight (600-1250 g) premature babies may also be at an even higher risk for later development of social anxiety disorder, caregivers/parents should be aware that typical parenting behaviors such as overprotectiveness may further increase risk for the development of social anxiety disorder.

• #2 Social anxiety disorder: Treatments and tips for managing this challenging condition – Harvard Health

  https://www.health.harvard.edu/mind-and-mood/social-anxiety-disorder-treatments-and-tips-for-managing-this-challenging-condition

  Self-help techniques can be used to complement other treatments. […] Research shows that mindfulness can improve symptoms of SAD and overall quality of life. […] Regular exercise can help improve anxiety symptoms. Research suggests aerobic exercise is even more beneficial for social phobia when combined with CBT. […] Talking through your fears and hearing the experiences of others can help to validate your emotions and reduce social isolation.

• #2

  https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/anxiety-disorders

  Anxiety disorders are closely related to and affected by physical health. […] Effective community based approaches to prevent anxiety include parental education and school-based programmes to enhance social and emotional learning and build positive coping in children and adolescents. Exercise programmes can also be effective in preventing anxiety disorders in adults.

• #2 Social Anxiety Disorder vs Agoraphobia | Charlie Health

  https://www.charliehealth.com/post/social-anxiety-disorder-vs-agoraphobia

  Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) and serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs) are commonly prescribed medications for social anxiety disorder and agoraphobia. These medications can help alleviate symptoms of anxiety and depression by increasing levels of neurotransmitters in the brain. […] Engaging in regular exercise, practicing relaxation techniques (deep breathing, progressive muscle relaxation, etc.), maintaining a healthy diet, prioritizing adequate sleep, and reducing caffeine and alcohol consumption can help manage symptoms of anxiety and improve overall well-being.

• #2 Social Anxiety Disorder: Causes, Symptoms, and Treatment

  https://patient.info/mental-health/anxiety/social-anxiety-disorder

  There are several things that can help before trying other treatments: Keeping a diary. By recording what has happened, what was happening and the thoughts that went alongside that, it is possible to start to better understand the anxiety. […] Although alcohol may ease symptoms in the short term, in the long run it makes social anxiety worse. Drinking alcohol to 'calm nerves’ can lead to problem drinking and may make problems with social anxiety (and any depression that may accompany it) worse in the long term. […] Not much is known about the natural progress of the condition. However, with treatment there is a good chance that symptoms can be greatly improved. Without treatment, social phobia can be associated with depression in later life.

• #2 Social Anxiety Disorder | Social Phobia – Causes, Risk Factors, Symptoms, Complications, Diagnosis, Treatment and Prevention

  https://www.medindia.net/health/conditions/social-anxiety-disorder.htm

  Social anxiety episodes can be prevented by reducing anxiety levels and learning to cope with situations that produce anxiety. […] Lifestyle changes to reduce anxiety include learning and practicing stress-reducing techniques such as meditation and deep breathing, being physically active and exercising on a regular basis, getting enough sleep, eating a healthy, well-balanced diet, avoiding smoking and alcohol, and limiting or avoiding caffeinated drinks such as coffee and tea. […] Gearing up and developing skills to face social situations involves starting with small steps, setting small goals in the beginning, and gradually increasing the targets at your comfort level.

• #2 Social phobia | Better Health Channel

  https://www.betterhealth.vic.gov.au/health/conditionsandtreatments/social-phobia

  Social phobia is a type of anxiety disorder. People who have social phobia experience extreme and persistent anxiety associated with social or performance situations. […] Treatment options include cognitive behaviour therapy, anxiety management techniques, social skills training and medication. […] Recovery from social phobia is possible with appropriate treatment. Depending on the individual, treatment options may include: cognitive behaviour therapy (CBT), anxiety management techniques, social skills training, medication. […] Cognitive behaviour therapy aims to help people change the way they think, feel and behave in social situations. […] Relaxation training and breathing techniques may help a person manage their anxiety symptoms. […] Social skills training methods include modelling the appropriate behaviour, role-playing and then practising in real-life situations. […] Some medications, such as selective serotonin re-uptake inhibitors (SSRIs), can help if the person is also suffering from depression.

• #2 Social Anxiety / Social Phobia: Alone With Witnesses – Part 2

  https://ocdla.com/social-anxiety-phobia-alone-witnesses-2-1974

  It is also important for treatment to focus on social skills development. […] The issue becomes clinical when the fear of negative evaluation pushes one into isolation. […] But social anxiety is not simply about being shy or being bad with people as many have come to believe about themselves. […] The message can be unlearned with the appropriate treatment.

• #2 Social Anxiety – Social Phobia – Causes and Treatment

  https://altacenters.com/addiction-resources/social-anxiety/

  There are many medications that can be used alongside therapy, including: SSRIs: SSRIs ease symptoms of anxiety and depression. Anxiolytics: These relieve anxiety and tension and can be used as needed to address social anxiety. […] Knowing that you are not alone in your struggle with social anxiety can be helpful and reassuring. Social anxiety can cause feelings of isolation and loneliness, making it even more difficult to address and overcome. A support group may be exactly what you need as it will bring you together with other people facing similar challenges and will provide both socialization and a safe place where you can share your feelings.

• #2 Social anxiety disorder – Signs, symptoms and treatment | healthdirect

  https://www.healthdirect.gov.au/social-anxiety-disorder

  While psychological therapies are the most effective treatment, medicines may also be given for severe social anxiety. […] There are ways you can manage your social anxiety and aid your recovery. You can: Write down things that cause you anxiety, so you can discuss them with a mental health professional. […] To find online resources to help with anxiety and overcoming social phobia, you can visit: Beyond Blue Anxiety management strategies.

• #2 Social Anxiety Disorder: Symptoms, Tests, Causes & Treatments

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/22709-social-anxiety

  Social anxiety disorder is a medical condition that causes fear and anxiety when you’re around people in social situations. This disorder is treatable with talk therapy and medications such as antidepressants. […] Social anxiety disorder is highly treatable with cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) and/or medication such as antidepressants (typically selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors also known as SSRIs or beta-blockers). […] Evidence has shown that cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) and medications like antidepressants are very successful in treating and managing social anxiety disorder. Treatment can help you drastically lessen or overcome your symptoms and anxiety in social situations. […] It’s important to contact your healthcare provider and seek treatment if you have symptoms of social anxiety.

• #2 Recommendations | Social anxiety disorder: recognition, assessment and treatment | Guidance | NICE

  https://www.nice.org.uk/guidance/cg159/chapter/recommendations

  Individual CBT should consist of the following, taking into account the child or young person’s cognitive and emotional maturity: 8 to 12 sessions of 45 minutes’ duration. […] Do not routinely offer pharmacological interventions to treat social anxiety disorder in children and young people. […] Do not routinely offer anticonvulsants, tricyclic antidepressants, benzodiazepines or antipsychotic medication to treat social anxiety disorder in adults. […] Do not routinely offer mindfulness-based interventions or supportive therapy to treat social anxiety disorder.

• #2 Social anxiety disorder: Treatments and tips for managing this challenging condition – Harvard Health

  https://www.health.harvard.edu/mind-and-mood/social-anxiety-disorder-treatments-and-tips-for-managing-this-challenging-condition

  The two most common treatment approaches for social anxiety disorder are cognitive behavioral therapy and prescription medications. […] Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT), a type of psychotherapy, is a first-line treatment for SAD. […] CBT can be done in an individual or group setting. Most people start with a weekly session and gradually decrease the frequency. Once your symptoms are well controlled, attending two to four sessions per year is recommended to prevent relapse. […] Your doctor may prescribe medications to use alone or in combination with CBT. Antidepressants are usually prescribed first for social anxiety disorder. […] These medications help normalize the levels of hormones in the brain that contribute to SAD. […] If you suffer from performance anxiety, your doctor may prescribe an anti-anxiety medication to use on an as-needed basis, such as before you give a presentation.

• #2 Recommendations | Social anxiety disorder: recognition, assessment and treatment | Guidance | NICE

  https://www.nice.org.uk/guidance/cg159/chapter/recommendations

  For people with social anxiety disorder using inpatient mental health or medical services, arrange meals, activities and accommodation by regularly discussing how such provisions fit into their treatment plan and their preferences. […] Offer to provide treatment in settings where children and young people with social anxiety disorder and their parents or carers feel most comfortable, for example, at home or in schools or community centres. […] When assessing a person with social anxiety disorder, provide opportunities for them to make and change appointments by various means, including text, email or phone. […] Healthcare, social care and educational professionals working with children and young people should be trained and skilled in: negotiating and working with parents and carers, including helping parents with relationship difficulties find support.

• #2 Recommendations | Social anxiety disorder: recognition, assessment and treatment | Guidance | NICE

  https://www.nice.org.uk/guidance/cg159/chapter/recommendations

  Ensure that children and young people and their parents or carers understand the purpose of any meetings and the reasons for sharing information. […] If a parent or carer cannot attend meetings for assessment or treatment, ensure that written information is provided and shared with them. […] Ask the identification questions for anxiety disorders in line with recommendation 1.2.2 in the NICE guideline on generalised anxiety disorder and panic disorder, and if social anxiety disorder is suspected: use the 3-item Mini-Social Phobia Inventory (Mini-SPIN). […] If the identification questions indicate possible social anxiety disorder, a practitioner who is competent to perform a mental health assessment should review the person’s mental state and associated functional, interpersonal and social difficulties.

• #2 South African Depression and Anxiety Group

  https://www.sadag.org/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=1834&Itemid=164

  Once social phobia is diagnosed, it is imperative that treatment is introduced without delay. […] Almost 80% of people suffering from Social Phobia find relief from their symptoms when treated with a combination of medication and psychotherapy. […] Real-life desensitisation is the single most effective treatment available for social phobias. […] If you suspect you may be suffering from Social Phobia, reading through this guide and learning about the disease is the first step to recovery. […] The support, encouragement and understanding of family and friends helps the recovery of a Social Phobia sufferer immeasurably. […] Gently encourage the sufferer to seek professional help.

• #2 Frontiers | The gold-standard treatment for social anxiety disorder: A roadmap for the future

  https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/psychology/articles/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.1070975/full

  The gold-standard treatment for social anxiety disorder: A roadmap for the future […] Exposure therapy (ET), which follows the Pavlovian extinction model, is regarded as the gold-standard treatment for social anxiety disorder (SAD). […] The benchmark treatments for SAD include exposure therapy (Steinman et al., 2016) and drug intervention (Klinger et al., 2005). Exposure therapy is an alternative to pharmacological interventions that produce undesirable side effects (Hindmarch, 2009). […] The digital revolution has brought about a change of modality from laboratory-based therapy to virtual reality exposure therapy (Bucci et al., 2019). […] To conclude, recent studies provide strong evidence that VRET is as effective as in vivo ET in treating SAD. VRET has higher ecological validity than in vivo ET. […] SAD treatment strategies based on classical conditioning have high attrition and relapse rate. There is a gap in the literature estimating the efficacy of therapies based on attrition rate and relapse prevention. Future research should be geared toward comparative longitudinal, relapse-prevention studies between Pavlovian exposure therapy, cognitive therapy, and third-wave approaches, such as therapy based on operant conditioning, and include both self-rating scales and neural markers as efficacy measures in treating SAD.

• #2 Social anxiety disorder (social phobia) – Diagnosis and treatment – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/social-anxiety-disorder/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20353567

  Your health care provider will want to determine whether other conditions may be causing your anxiety or if you have social anxiety disorder along with another physical or mental health disorder. […] Treatment depends on how much social anxiety disorder affects your ability to function in daily life. The most common treatment for social anxiety disorder includes psychotherapy (also called psychological counseling or talk therapy) or medications or both. […] Psychotherapy improves symptoms in most people with social anxiety disorder. In therapy, you learn how to recognize and change negative thoughts about yourself and develop skills to help you gain confidence in social situations. […] Don’t give up if treatment doesn’t work quickly. You can continue to make strides in psychotherapy over several weeks or months. Learning new skills to help manage your anxiety takes time. And finding the right medication for your situation can take some trial and error.

• #2 Social Anxiety Disorder – HelpGuide.org

  https://www.helpguide.org/mental-health/anxiety/social-anxiety-disorder

  While lifestyle changes alone arent enough to overcome social phobia or social anxiety disorder, they can support your overall treatment progress. […] If youve tried the self-help techniques above and youre still struggling with disabling social anxiety, you may need professional help as well. […] Cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) has been shown to work best for treating social anxiety disorder. CBT is based on the premise that what you think affects how you feel, and your feelings affect your behavior. […] Medication is sometimes used to relieve the symptoms of social anxiety, but its not a cure. Medication is considered most helpful when used in addition to therapy and self-help techniques that address the root cause of your social anxiety disorder.

• #2 Social anxiety disorder (social phobia) | Altru Health System

  https://www.altru.org/health-library/conditions/social-anxiety-disorder-social-phobia

  Social anxiety disorder can be a chronic mental health condition, but learning coping skills in psychotherapy and taking medications can help you gain confidence and improve your ability to interact with others. […] Although avoiding situations that produce anxiety may make you feel better in the short term, your anxiety is likely to continue over the long term if you don’t get treatment. […] There’s no way to predict what will cause someone to develop an anxiety disorder, but you can take steps to reduce the impact of symptoms if you’re anxious: Get help early. Anxiety, like many other mental health conditions, can be harder to treat if you wait. […] Don’t give up if treatment doesn’t work quickly. You can continue to make strides in psychotherapy over several weeks or months. Learning new skills to help manage your anxiety takes time. […] Over time, these coping methods can help control your symptoms and prevent a relapse. Remind yourself that you can get through anxious moments, that your anxiety is short-lived and that the negative consequences you worry about so much rarely come to pass.

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