Materiały źródłowe

• #1 Supraventricular Tachycardia – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK441972/

  Supraventricular tachycardia refers to a group of rapid heart rhythm disorders originating at or above the atrioventricular node. Supraventricular tachycardia is characterized by a narrow QRS complex of less than 120 ms and an elevated heart rate. In adults, the heart rate exceeds 100 bpm, whereas in children, it can range from 180 to 220 bpm. Supraventricular tachycardia encompasses various atrial, junctional, and atrioventricular tachycardias, such as atrial ectopic tachycardia, atrial flutter, atrial fibrillation, and atrioventricular nodal reentrant tachycardia. […] This activity describes a comprehensive overview of supraventricular tachycardia, addressing its causes, underlying pathophysiology, clinical presentation, and current treatment approaches. Healthcare professionals gain insights into the complexities of supraventricular tachycardia and learn about both pharmacological and procedural management strategies, including the roles of catheter ablation and acute interventions. This activity equips participants with essential knowledge to effectively diagnose, manage, and support patients with supraventricular tachycardia.

• #2 Diagnosis and management of supraventricular tachycardias

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5135523/

  Supraventricular tachycardias (SVTs) are common. Although Canadian epidemiologic data are lacking, evidence from the United States suggests that they account for about 50 000 emergency department visits annually. Supraventricular tachycardias represent a range of tachyarrhythmias originating from a circuit or focus involving the atria or the atrioventricular node. The term paroxysmal SVT denotes a subset of SVTs that present as a clinical syndrome of rapid regular tachycardia with an abrupt onset and termination. Rapid recognition of the underlying rhythm is essential to correct management in the acute setting, including identifying patients who may benefit from definitive treatment with catheter ablation. […] We reviewed randomized controlled trials, review articles and clinical practice guidelines to present a practical approach to the diagnosis and management of SVTs. We focus on the most common forms of regular SVT, specifically atrioventricular nodal re-entrant tachycardia (AVNRT), atrioventricular re-entrant tachycardia (AVRT), atrial tachycardia and atrial flutter.

• #3 Common Types of Supraventricular Tachycardia: Diagnosis and Management | AAFP

  https://www.aafp.org/pubs/afp/issues/2010/1015/p942.html

  A more recent article on common types of supraventricular tachycardia is available. […] The most common types of supraventricular tachycardia are caused by a reentry phenomenon producing accelerated heart rates. […] Diagnosis is often delayed because of the misdiagnosis of anxiety or panic disorder. Patient history is important in uncovering the diagnosis, whereas the physical examination may or may not be helpful. A Holter monitor or an event recorder is usually needed to capture the arrhythmia and confirm a diagnosis. […] Supraventricular tachycardia (SVT) is tachycardia having an electropathologic substrate arising above the bundle of His and causing heart rates exceeding 100 beats per minute. […] This article focuses on the most common types of paroxysmal SVT: atrioventricular nodal reentrant tachycardia (AVNRT), atrioventricular reciprocating tachycardia (AVRT), and atrial tachycardia (AT).

• #4 Supraventricular tachycardia – Diagnosis and treatment – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/supraventricular-tachycardia/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20355249

  To diagnose supraventricular tachycardia (SVT), a healthcare professional examines you and listens to your heart. A member of your care team takes your blood pressure. You are usually asked questions about your symptoms, health habits and medical history. […] Tests to diagnose supraventricular tachycardia (SVT) may include: […] Electrocardiogram (ECG or EKG). This quick test checks the heartbeat. Sticky patches, called electrodes, attach to the chest and sometimes to the arms or legs. An ECG shows how fast or how slow the heart is beating. […] Holter monitor. This portable ECG device is worn for 1 to 2 days to record the heart’s activity during daily activities. It can spot irregular heartbeats that aren’t found during a regular ECG. […] Event recorder. This device is like a Holter monitor, but it records only at certain times for a few minutes at a time. It’s typically worn for about 30 days. You usually push a button when you feel symptoms. Some devices automatically record when an irregular heartbeat occurs.

• #5 Supraventricular Tachycardia (SVT): Symptoms & Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/22152-svt-supraventricular-tachycardia

  SVT (supraventricular tachycardia) is a common kind of arrhythmia (abnormal heart rhythm). […] There are some things you can do on your own, but you may need medicine or surgery to help with symptoms. […] When your heart beats too quickly, theres not enough time for your heart chambers to fill with blood before they contract. […] Although it may be difficult, noting the details of what youre experiencing can help a healthcare provider make a diagnosis. […] During a physical exam, your healthcare provider will ask about your medical history and the symptoms youve been having. […] Theyll most likely do an electrocardiogram (EKG or ECG). If your provider needs to study your heart for a longer amount of time, they may ask you to wear a heart monitor that records the electrical activity in your heart.

• #6 SVT: Supraventricular Tachycardia – The Cardiology Advisor

  https://www.thecardiologyadvisor.com/ddi/svt-supraventricular-tachycardia/

  Supraventricular tachycardia (SVT) is a rapid heart rhythm that originates from a short circuit in the upper heart chamber. Symptoms of SVT include palpitations, weakness, fatigue, dizziness, syncope, and chest pain, and can often be misdiagnosed as a panic attack. This article summarizes the epidemiologic characteristics, risk factors, prognosis, diagnosis, and treatment of SVT. […] The clinical presentation of SVT depends on several factors, including the patients age, duration of SVT episodes, and severity of symptoms, as well as the presence of comorbid heart or lung disease. Many patients with SVT are asymptomatic. Those with symptoms typically report palpitations, chest pain, and syncope. […] Patients with suspected SVT based on medical history and examination findings require further diagnostic workup. An ECG should be performed initially in hemodynamically stable patients. A Holter monitor or event recorder can help diagnose infrequent SVT that is not identified on a 12-lead ECG. Other potentially useful diagnostic tests for SVT include the following: Complete blood count; Thyroid function tests; Basic metabolic panel; B-type natriuretic peptide; Cardiac enzymes (troponin, creatine kinase, and myoglobin); Chest radiography; Exercise stress test; Tilt table test; Electrophysiological studies; and Echocardiography.

• #7 Supraventricular Tachycardias: Causes, Symptoms, and Treatment

  https://patient.info/doctor/supraventricular-tachycardia-in-adults

  Supraventricular tachycardia (SVT) generally refers to atrioventricular nodal re-entry tachycardia (AVNRT), atrioventricular re-entry tachycardia (AVRT) and atrial tachycardia. […] SVT is usually paroxysmal (PSVT) and episodes may occur regularly or very infrequently (sometimes years apart). […] The prevalence of SVT is 2.25/1,000 persons and the incidence is 35/100,000 person-years. […] Symptoms vary with the ventricular rate and duration of the SVT. Symptoms are more likely in those with underlying heart disease. […] An ECG should be performed as soon as possible. […] Radiofrequency catheter ablation is indicated in the following situations: As first-line therapy as a curative option. […] All patients with WPW syndrome should be referred to a cardiac electrophysiologist. […] Prognosis is dependent on any underlying structural heart disease. […] Patients with a structurally normal heart have an excellent prognosis.

• #8 Supraventricular Tachycardia – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK441972/

  Supraventricular tachycardia refers to a group of rapid heart rhythm disorders originating at or above the atrioventricular node. Supraventricular tachycardia is characterized by a narrow QRS complex of less than 120 ms and an elevated heart rate. In adults, the heart rate exceeds 100 bpm, whereas in children, it can range from 180 to 220 bpm. Supraventricular tachycardia encompasses various atrial, junctional, and atrioventricular tachycardias, such as atrial ectopic tachycardia, atrial flutter, atrial fibrillation, and atrioventricular nodal reentrant tachycardia. […] This activity describes a comprehensive overview of supraventricular tachycardia, addressing its causes, underlying pathophysiology, clinical presentation, and current treatment approaches. Healthcare professionals gain insights into the complexities of supraventricular tachycardia and learn about both pharmacological and procedural management strategies, including the roles of catheter ablation and acute interventions. This activity equips participants with essential knowledge to effectively diagnose, manage, and support patients with supraventricular tachycardia.

• #9 Supraventricular Tachycardia | Select 5-Minute Pediatrics Topics

  https://www.unboundmedicine.com/5minute/view/Select-5-Minute-Pediatric-Consult/14069/all/Supraventricular_Tachycardia

  The term supraventricular tachycardia (SVT) is generally used to refer to atrioventricular nodal reentry tachycardia (AVNRT), atrioventricular reciprocating tachycardia (AVRT), and atrial tachycardia (AT) but includes any tachycardia originating at or above the atrioventricular (AV) node. […] The heart rate in SVT in infants generally ranges from 220 to 320 beats per minute (bpm) and in older children from 150 to 250 bpm. […] SVT is the most common arrhythmia in childhood. […] Incidence of SVT is 35 per 100,000 per year. […] Prevalence of SVT is 1 in 250 to 25,000 children. […] AVRT is the most common type of SVT in children, occurring in ~75% of cases. […] AVNRT rarely occurs before age 2 years. […] 5060% of pediatric patients with SVT present in the 1st year of life. […] Most children with SVT have structurally normal hearts; however, children with congenital heart disease (CHD) have an increased risk of SVT. […] SVT can frequently be precipitated by exercise, infection, fever, or drug exposure.

• #10 Common Types of Supraventricular Tachycardia: Diagnosis and Management | AAFP

  https://www.aafp.org/pubs/afp/issues/2010/1015/p942.html

  A more recent article on common types of supraventricular tachycardia is available. […] The most common types of supraventricular tachycardia are caused by a reentry phenomenon producing accelerated heart rates. […] Diagnosis is often delayed because of the misdiagnosis of anxiety or panic disorder. Patient history is important in uncovering the diagnosis, whereas the physical examination may or may not be helpful. A Holter monitor or an event recorder is usually needed to capture the arrhythmia and confirm a diagnosis. […] Supraventricular tachycardia (SVT) is tachycardia having an electropathologic substrate arising above the bundle of His and causing heart rates exceeding 100 beats per minute. […] This article focuses on the most common types of paroxysmal SVT: atrioventricular nodal reentrant tachycardia (AVNRT), atrioventricular reciprocating tachycardia (AVRT), and atrial tachycardia (AT).

• #11 Supraventricular Tachycardia: Diagnosis, Treatment, and the Patient Journey – PCNA

  https://pcna.net/supraventricular-tachycardia-diagnosis-treament-and-the-patient-journey/

  Supraventricular Tachycardia, also known as SVT, is an umbrella term for an elevated heart rate of over 100 bpm that takes place in the atria. […] SVT is often misdiagnosed as panic or stress. An ECG or heart monitor may be used in diagnosis. […] Onset may occur at any time, and accurate diagnosis is critical to effective management and treatment throughout the patients lifespan. […] Patient and provider awareness of SVT helps increase diagnosis and effective treatments.

• #12 Supraventricular tachycardia – Diagnosis and treatment – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/supraventricular-tachycardia/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20355249

  To diagnose supraventricular tachycardia (SVT), a healthcare professional examines you and listens to your heart. A member of your care team takes your blood pressure. You are usually asked questions about your symptoms, health habits and medical history. […] Tests to diagnose supraventricular tachycardia (SVT) may include: […] Electrocardiogram (ECG or EKG). This quick test checks the heartbeat. Sticky patches, called electrodes, attach to the chest and sometimes to the arms or legs. An ECG shows how fast or how slow the heart is beating. […] Holter monitor. This portable ECG device is worn for 1 to 2 days to record the heart’s activity during daily activities. It can spot irregular heartbeats that aren’t found during a regular ECG. […] Event recorder. This device is like a Holter monitor, but it records only at certain times for a few minutes at a time. It’s typically worn for about 30 days. You usually push a button when you feel symptoms. Some devices automatically record when an irregular heartbeat occurs.

• #13 Common Types of Supraventricular Tachycardia: Diagnosis and Management | AAFP

  https://www.aafp.org/pubs/afp/issues/2010/1015/p942.html

  Symptoms of SVT depend on a number of factors, including patient age, presence of comorbid heart and lung disease, and duration of SVT episodes. […] The history may reveal the likely etiology underlying the SVT. Sinus tachycardia must be considered in the differential diagnosis. […] A 12-lead ECG should be performed in patients who are hemodynamically stable, with special attention to rhythm and rate, atrioventricular conduction (PR interval), RP interval, hypertrophy, pathologic Q waves, prolongation of the QT interval, and any evidence of preexcitation. […] The primary treatment goal for any SVT is its cessation, especially in patients who are at risk hemodynamically and cannot tolerate prolonged tachyarrhythmias. […] Short-term or urgent management of SVT can be separated into pharmacologic and nonpharmacologic strategies.

• #14 Supraventricular Tachycardia (SVT) • LITFL • ECG Library Diagnosis

  https://litfl.com/supraventricular-tachycardia-svt-ecg-library/

  The tachycardia typically ranges between 140-280 bpm and is regular in nature. […] The condition is generally well tolerated and is rarely life threatening in patients with pre-existing heart disease. […] ECG features of AVNRT include regular tachycardia ~140-280 bpm, narrow QRS complexes (120ms) unless there is co-existing bundle branch block, accessory pathway, or rate-related aberrant conduction. […] P waves if visible exhibit retrograde conduction with P-wave inversion in leads II, III, aVF. […] The mainstay of treatment is adenosine. […] Other agents which may be used include calcium-channel blockers, beta-blockers and amiodarone. […] Catheter ablation may be considered in recurrent episodes not amenable to medical treatment.

• #15 Supraventricular Tachycardia – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK441972/

  The diagnosis can be confirmed by obtaining an electrocardiogram (ECG) and identifying the rhythm. […] A typical ECG for atrioventricular nodal reentrant tachycardia shows a narrow complex (QRS duration 120 ms) with regular tachycardia at a rate of approximately 180 to 220 bpm, often with no discernible P waves due to the near-simultaneous activation of the atria and ventricles. […] Differentiating between supraventricular tachycardia and ventricular tachycardia is crucial, as the management strategies for each condition differ. […] For unstable patients, immediate synchronized cardioversion should be considered. […] Synchronized cardioversion is recommended for hemodynamically stable patients with atrioventricular nodal reentrant tachycardia if pharmacological treatment does not terminate the tachycardia or is inappropriate.

• #16 Supraventricular Tachycardia (SVT) • LITFL • ECG Library Diagnosis

  https://litfl.com/supraventricular-tachycardia-svt-ecg-library/

  The tachycardia typically ranges between 140-280 bpm and is regular in nature. […] The condition is generally well tolerated and is rarely life threatening in patients with pre-existing heart disease. […] ECG features of AVNRT include regular tachycardia ~140-280 bpm, narrow QRS complexes (120ms) unless there is co-existing bundle branch block, accessory pathway, or rate-related aberrant conduction. […] P waves if visible exhibit retrograde conduction with P-wave inversion in leads II, III, aVF. […] The mainstay of treatment is adenosine. […] Other agents which may be used include calcium-channel blockers, beta-blockers and amiodarone. […] Catheter ablation may be considered in recurrent episodes not amenable to medical treatment.

• #17 Supraventricular Tachycardia – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK441972/

  The diagnosis can be confirmed by obtaining an electrocardiogram (ECG) and identifying the rhythm. […] A typical ECG for atrioventricular nodal reentrant tachycardia shows a narrow complex (QRS duration 120 ms) with regular tachycardia at a rate of approximately 180 to 220 bpm, often with no discernible P waves due to the near-simultaneous activation of the atria and ventricles. […] Differentiating between supraventricular tachycardia and ventricular tachycardia is crucial, as the management strategies for each condition differ. […] For unstable patients, immediate synchronized cardioversion should be considered. […] Synchronized cardioversion is recommended for hemodynamically stable patients with atrioventricular nodal reentrant tachycardia if pharmacological treatment does not terminate the tachycardia or is inappropriate.

• #18 Supraventricular tachycardia – Diagnosis and treatment – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/supraventricular-tachycardia/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20355249

  To diagnose supraventricular tachycardia (SVT), a healthcare professional examines you and listens to your heart. A member of your care team takes your blood pressure. You are usually asked questions about your symptoms, health habits and medical history. […] Tests to diagnose supraventricular tachycardia (SVT) may include: […] Electrocardiogram (ECG or EKG). This quick test checks the heartbeat. Sticky patches, called electrodes, attach to the chest and sometimes to the arms or legs. An ECG shows how fast or how slow the heart is beating. […] Holter monitor. This portable ECG device is worn for 1 to 2 days to record the heart’s activity during daily activities. It can spot irregular heartbeats that aren’t found during a regular ECG. […] Event recorder. This device is like a Holter monitor, but it records only at certain times for a few minutes at a time. It’s typically worn for about 30 days. You usually push a button when you feel symptoms. Some devices automatically record when an irregular heartbeat occurs.

• #19 Supraventricular tachycardia – Diagnosis and treatment – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/supraventricular-tachycardia/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20355249

  Implantable loop recorder. This device records the heartbeat continuously for up to three years. It’s also called a cardiac event recorder. It shows how the heart is beating during daily activities. […] Echocardiogram. Sound waves are used to create images of the beating heart. This test can show how blood flows through the heart and heart valves. […] Other tests that may be done to diagnose SVT include: […] Electrophysiological (EP) study. This test helps show where faulty heart signals start in the heart. An EP study is mostly used to diagnose some specific types of tachycardias and irregular heartbeats.

• #20 Supraventricular tachycardia – Diagnosis and treatment – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/supraventricular-tachycardia/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20355249

  To diagnose supraventricular tachycardia (SVT), a healthcare professional examines you and listens to your heart. A member of your care team takes your blood pressure. You are usually asked questions about your symptoms, health habits and medical history. […] Tests to diagnose supraventricular tachycardia (SVT) may include: […] Electrocardiogram (ECG or EKG). This quick test checks the heartbeat. Sticky patches, called electrodes, attach to the chest and sometimes to the arms or legs. An ECG shows how fast or how slow the heart is beating. […] Holter monitor. This portable ECG device is worn for 1 to 2 days to record the heart’s activity during daily activities. It can spot irregular heartbeats that aren’t found during a regular ECG. […] Event recorder. This device is like a Holter monitor, but it records only at certain times for a few minutes at a time. It’s typically worn for about 30 days. You usually push a button when you feel symptoms. Some devices automatically record when an irregular heartbeat occurs.

• #21 Supraventricular tachycardia

  https://www.mymlc.com/health-information/diseases-and-conditions/s/supraventricular-tachycardia/?section=Diagnosis

  Holter monitor. This portable ECG device can be worn for a day or more to record your heart’s activity as you go about your routine. […] Event monitor or mobile telemetry device. For sporadic episodes of SVT, you may be asked to wear an ECG device for a longer period of time (up to 30 days or until you have an SVT episode or arrhythmia or typical symptoms). […] Echocardiogram. In this noninvasive test, a hand-held device (transducer) placed on your chest uses sound waves to produce images of your heart’s size, structure and motion. […] Implantable loop recorder. This device detects abnormal heart rhythms and is implanted under the skin in the chest area. […] If your doctor doesn’t find a heart rhythm problem during those tests, you may need other tests, such as: Stress test. For some people, supraventricular tachycardia is triggered or worsened by stress or exercise. […] Electrophysiological testing and mapping. In this test, doctors thread thin tubes (catheters) tipped with electrodes through your blood vessels to several areas within your heart. Once in place, the electrodes can map the spread of electrical signals through your heart.

• #22 Supraventricular tachycardia – Diagnosis and treatment – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/supraventricular-tachycardia/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20355249

  To diagnose supraventricular tachycardia (SVT), a healthcare professional examines you and listens to your heart. A member of your care team takes your blood pressure. You are usually asked questions about your symptoms, health habits and medical history. […] Tests to diagnose supraventricular tachycardia (SVT) may include: […] Electrocardiogram (ECG or EKG). This quick test checks the heartbeat. Sticky patches, called electrodes, attach to the chest and sometimes to the arms or legs. An ECG shows how fast or how slow the heart is beating. […] Holter monitor. This portable ECG device is worn for 1 to 2 days to record the heart’s activity during daily activities. It can spot irregular heartbeats that aren’t found during a regular ECG. […] Event recorder. This device is like a Holter monitor, but it records only at certain times for a few minutes at a time. It’s typically worn for about 30 days. You usually push a button when you feel symptoms. Some devices automatically record when an irregular heartbeat occurs.

• #23 Supraventricular Tachycardia: Diagnosis & Treatment | NewYork-Presbyterian

  https://www.nyp.org/heart/arrhythmias/supraventricular-tachycardia-svt/treatment

  To find out if you have supraventricular tachycardia, your doctor will perform an exam and possibly recommend further tests. […] Your doctor will ask about your symptoms, your medical history, and your family’s medical history and will perform a physical examination. […] To determine if you have thyroid disease or other condition that causes elevated heartbeat. […] These tests may include: Electrocardiogram (ECG or EKG) measures your heart’s electrical activity, rate, and rhythm. […] Echocardiogram (echo) creates an image of your heart’s valves and chambers and measures your heart’s strength level of pumping. […] Holter monitor is a portable ECG device. It records the heart’s electrical activity over a day or longer while you are away from the doctor’s office. […] Cardiac event recorder is a portable ECG device that you control to record your heart’s electrical activity when you have symptoms. It detects occasional arrhythmias and is typically worn for up to 30 days.

• #24 Supraventricular tachycardia – Diagnosis and treatment – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/supraventricular-tachycardia/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20355249

  Implantable loop recorder. This device records the heartbeat continuously for up to three years. It’s also called a cardiac event recorder. It shows how the heart is beating during daily activities. […] Echocardiogram. Sound waves are used to create images of the beating heart. This test can show how blood flows through the heart and heart valves. […] Other tests that may be done to diagnose SVT include: […] Electrophysiological (EP) study. This test helps show where faulty heart signals start in the heart. An EP study is mostly used to diagnose some specific types of tachycardias and irregular heartbeats.

• #25 Living with supraventricular tachycardia: from diagnosis to treatment | Spire Healthcare

  https://www.spirehealthcare.com/health-hub/specialties/heart-health/living-with-supraventricular-tachycardia-from-diagnosis-to-treatment/

  Getting a diagnosis of SVT can be challenging. This is because your doctor will need an ECG that shows the rhythm of your heart during an episode of SVT. If your episodes are infrequent and last only a few seconds or minutes, this can be difficult to capture. However, advances in heart monitoring technology mean that it is getting easier. […] If you have symptoms of SVT, your doctor may recommend having your heart rhythm recorded using a wearable heart monitor. In the past, heart monitors could only record heart rhythms for 24-48 hours. However, today, newer devices such as the Zio XT patch offer heart monitoring for up to two weeks using wire-free patches. The ability to monitor the heart for longer periods makes it more likely that an episode of SVT will be captured. […] For longer-term heart monitoring, you can have a loop recorder implanted just under your skin on the left side of your chest. This can monitor your heart rhythm for up to three years.

• #26 Supraventricular Tachycardia: Diagnosis & Treatment | NewYork-Presbyterian

  https://www.nyp.org/heart/arrhythmias/supraventricular-tachycardia-svt/treatment

  Implantable loop recorder detects irregular heart rhythms and is implanted under the skin in the chest area. […] For most patients with supraventricular tachycardia (SVT), treatment involves lifestyle changes, medication, or, in some cases, a heart procedure to control the rapid heartbeats and related symptoms. […] SVT treatments may be necessary if you have frequent episodes, symptoms such as dizziness, chest pain, or fainting, or if your heart rate does not return to normal. […] Nonsurgical treatments for SVT include healthy lifestyle changes, vagal maneuvers, and medication options. […] Your doctor may prescribe daily medicines or on an as-needed basis to control your heart rate. […] Surgical procedures may be recommended when lifestyle changes, vagal maneuvers, and medications do not help with SVT.

• #27 Living with supraventricular tachycardia: from diagnosis to treatment | Spire Healthcare

  https://www.spirehealthcare.com/health-hub/specialties/heart-health/living-with-supraventricular-tachycardia-from-diagnosis-to-treatment/

  Getting a diagnosis of SVT can be challenging. This is because your doctor will need an ECG that shows the rhythm of your heart during an episode of SVT. If your episodes are infrequent and last only a few seconds or minutes, this can be difficult to capture. However, advances in heart monitoring technology mean that it is getting easier. […] If you have symptoms of SVT, your doctor may recommend having your heart rhythm recorded using a wearable heart monitor. In the past, heart monitors could only record heart rhythms for 24-48 hours. However, today, newer devices such as the Zio XT patch offer heart monitoring for up to two weeks using wire-free patches. The ability to monitor the heart for longer periods makes it more likely that an episode of SVT will be captured. […] For longer-term heart monitoring, you can have a loop recorder implanted just under your skin on the left side of your chest. This can monitor your heart rhythm for up to three years.

• #28 Supraventricular tachycardia

  https://www.mymlc.com/health-information/diseases-and-conditions/s/supraventricular-tachycardia/?section=Diagnosis

  Holter monitor. This portable ECG device can be worn for a day or more to record your heart’s activity as you go about your routine. […] Event monitor or mobile telemetry device. For sporadic episodes of SVT, you may be asked to wear an ECG device for a longer period of time (up to 30 days or until you have an SVT episode or arrhythmia or typical symptoms). […] Echocardiogram. In this noninvasive test, a hand-held device (transducer) placed on your chest uses sound waves to produce images of your heart’s size, structure and motion. […] Implantable loop recorder. This device detects abnormal heart rhythms and is implanted under the skin in the chest area. […] If your doctor doesn’t find a heart rhythm problem during those tests, you may need other tests, such as: Stress test. For some people, supraventricular tachycardia is triggered or worsened by stress or exercise. […] Electrophysiological testing and mapping. In this test, doctors thread thin tubes (catheters) tipped with electrodes through your blood vessels to several areas within your heart. Once in place, the electrodes can map the spread of electrical signals through your heart.

• #29 Supraventricular tachycardia

  https://www.mymlc.com/health-information/diseases-and-conditions/s/supraventricular-tachycardia/?section=Diagnosis

  Holter monitor. This portable ECG device can be worn for a day or more to record your heart’s activity as you go about your routine. […] Event monitor or mobile telemetry device. For sporadic episodes of SVT, you may be asked to wear an ECG device for a longer period of time (up to 30 days or until you have an SVT episode or arrhythmia or typical symptoms). […] Echocardiogram. In this noninvasive test, a hand-held device (transducer) placed on your chest uses sound waves to produce images of your heart’s size, structure and motion. […] Implantable loop recorder. This device detects abnormal heart rhythms and is implanted under the skin in the chest area. […] If your doctor doesn’t find a heart rhythm problem during those tests, you may need other tests, such as: Stress test. For some people, supraventricular tachycardia is triggered or worsened by stress or exercise. […] Electrophysiological testing and mapping. In this test, doctors thread thin tubes (catheters) tipped with electrodes through your blood vessels to several areas within your heart. Once in place, the electrodes can map the spread of electrical signals through your heart.

• #30 Supraventricular tachycardia | Great Ormond Street Hospital

  https://www.gosh.nhs.uk/conditions-and-treatments/conditions-we-treat/supraventricular-tachycardia/

  Supraventricular tachycardia (SVT) is the name given to the condition where the heart beats extremely fast but in a regular fashion for a period of minutes to hours. […] SVT may be caused by an additional electrical pathway that forms when the baby’s heart is developing in the womb. […] The additional pathway causes episodes where the heart rate suddenly quickens to an abnormally fast rate, often around 200 beats per minute. […] In most cases SVT is diagnosed on an electrocardiogram (ECG) at the time of symptoms of heart racing. […] SVT is confirmed using an ECG, which shows abnormal rhythm during an episode. […] Sometimes it is difficult to record an episode when it is actually happening, so the doctor or nurse practitioner may suggest an exercise test to bring on an episode. […] Otherwise, they may suggest having an ECG over a 24-hour period or longer or having an implantable loop recorder.

• #31 Diagnosis and management of supraventricular tachycardias

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5135523/

  Electrophysiologic study with the option of radiofrequency catheter ablation is useful for the diagnosis and potential treatment of SVT. Catheter ablation of the slow pathway is recommended in patients with AVNRT. Catheter ablation is recommended in patients with symptomatic focal atrial tachycardia as an alternative to pharmacologic treatment. Catheter ablation of the accessory pathway is recommended in patients with AVRT or pre-excited atrial fibrillation. […] In hemodynamically stable patients with SVT, once the ECG is obtained, a diagnostic and therapeutic trial of a vagal manoeuvre is recommended under continuous ECG monitoring. In patients with AVRT or AVNRT, the vagal manoeuvre may terminate the circuit and restore normal sinus rhythm. […] All patients with symptomatic or recurrent episodes of AVNRT, AVRT, atrial flutter or atrial tachycardia should be referred for consideration of radiofrequency catheter ablation as first-line treatment. For patients with symptomatic AVNRT, referral to an electrophysiologist is strongly suggested for confirmation of the diagnosis and possible ablation.

• #32 Atrial Tachycardia: Diagnosis – The Cardiology Advisor

  https://www.thecardiologyadvisor.com/ddi/atrial-tachycardia-diagnosis/

  For unifocal tachycardia, ECG shows a fast, regular rhythm with isoelectric segments between P-waves. It may be difficult to distinguish from other regular SVTs. The P waves outnumber the QRS complexes, helping to distinguish atrial tachycardia from sinus tachycardia. […] With MAT, the ECG shows an irregular rhythm with at least three different P-wave morphologies, typically with isoelectric periods between them. […] Some diagnostics can also be therapeutic. Vagal maneuvers such as the Valsalva maneuver or unilateral carotid sinus massage can slow down conduction through the atrioventricular node. […] Pharmacological interventions such as adenosine, which should be administered in a monitored environment, can also block atrioventricular conduction. […] Cardioversion is rarely necessary and is indicated if the patient is hemodynamically unstable and has not responded to other measures.

• #33 Supraventricular Tachycardia (SVT) • LITFL • ECG Library Diagnosis

  https://litfl.com/supraventricular-tachycardia-svt-ecg-library/

  The tachycardia typically ranges between 140-280 bpm and is regular in nature. […] The condition is generally well tolerated and is rarely life threatening in patients with pre-existing heart disease. […] ECG features of AVNRT include regular tachycardia ~140-280 bpm, narrow QRS complexes (120ms) unless there is co-existing bundle branch block, accessory pathway, or rate-related aberrant conduction. […] P waves if visible exhibit retrograde conduction with P-wave inversion in leads II, III, aVF. […] The mainstay of treatment is adenosine. […] Other agents which may be used include calcium-channel blockers, beta-blockers and amiodarone. […] Catheter ablation may be considered in recurrent episodes not amenable to medical treatment.

• #34 Differential Diagnosis of SVT – ECG book

  https://www.ecgbook.com/differential-diagnosis-svt/

  Adenosine has similar effects to sinus massage. […] Response of SVT to adenosine is 90%. […] The presence of a delta wave during sinus rhythm has significant importance. […] A delta wave during sinus rhythm almost always indicates AVRT. […] The adenosine test is used to uncover a hidden delta wave. […] Carotid Sinus Massage terminates SVT with reentry in the AV junction (AVRT, AVNRT). […] Continuous EKG recording captures termination of SVT. […] Termination of SVT with P Wave (after the last QRS): Orthodromic AVRT, Typical AVNRT (Slow-Fast), Atrial Tachycardia (very rarely). […] Termination of SVT with QRS Complex: Atrial Tachycardia, Atypical AVNRT (Fast-Slow), Permanent Junctional Reciprocating Tachycardia (PJRT). […] If SVT continues after sinus massage (after adenosine), AVNRT and AVRT are very unlikely. […] The algorithm diagnoses SVT based on EKG during SVT. […] The algorithm is often insufficient and differential diagnosis requires EKG with sinus rhythm (presence of delta wave).

• #35 Supraventricular tachycardia – Diagnosis and treatment – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/supraventricular-tachycardia/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20355249

  Implantable loop recorder. This device records the heartbeat continuously for up to three years. It’s also called a cardiac event recorder. It shows how the heart is beating during daily activities. […] Echocardiogram. Sound waves are used to create images of the beating heart. This test can show how blood flows through the heart and heart valves. […] Other tests that may be done to diagnose SVT include: […] Electrophysiological (EP) study. This test helps show where faulty heart signals start in the heart. An EP study is mostly used to diagnose some specific types of tachycardias and irregular heartbeats.

• #36 Supraventricular tachycardia (SVT) Causes, Symptoms, Diagnosis and Treatment – Cura4U

  https://cura4u.com/conditions/supraventricular-tachycardia

  To diagnose the disorder, your doctor will inquire about the symptoms and the previous medical records. […] The following tests can be used; […] Electrocardiogram: Electrical impulses in the heart are recorded during this simple test. […] Ambulatory monitoring: It makes use of sensors that monitor your heart rate. […] Event recorder: This device can be worn even for a month to detect infrequent arrhythmias. […] Electrophysiology: During this procedure, a long, narrow, flexible tube is placed into a blood channel generally in the pelvis and directed to the heart to detect the electrical activity of the heart through sensors located at the tip of the catheter. […] Echocardiogram: In this test, ultrasound waves create an image of your heart. […] Blood tests: Various blood tests, such as those to assess your kidneys, liver, thyroid function, and digoxin levels, may be ordered. […] Cardiac enzymes: Increased amounts of specific proteins or enzymes found in cardiac muscle may be detected by blood testing. […] X-ray of the chest. A chest X-ray can reveal the state of the lungs, as well as the size and form of the heart and main blood channels.

• #37 Paroxysmal Supraventricular Tachycardia Workup: Approach Considerations, Imaging Studies, Electrocardiography

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/156670-workup

  Electrophysiologic studies have dramatically changed the diagnosis of SVT. Intracardiac recordings have helped to map accessory pathways and reentry circuits in patients, and they have also assisted cardiologists and electrophysiologists in understanding the mechanisms behind these tachyarrhythmias. […] […] In a prospective registry, Lauschke et al compared the prevalence of inducible arrhythmias and the clinical outcome in 525 patients with and without ECG documentation. Results showed that a substantial proportion of patients with suspected paroxysmal tachycardia, but without ECG documentation, had inducible supraventricular tachycardias (SVTs) and clinically benefited from an electrophysiological study (EPS). […] […] Electrophysiologic studies are generally performed in combination with radiofrequency catheter ablation. […]

• #38 Establishing the Mechanism of Supraventricular Tachycardia in the Electrophysiology Laboratory

  https://www.innovationsincrm.com/cardiac-rhythm-management/2013/april/430-supraventricular-tachycardia-in-the-electrophysiology-laboratory

  Supraventricular tachycardia (SVT) is a common disorder which is associated with significant morbidity due to recurrent symptoms and multiple hospital visits. […] The current paper reviews various tachycardia features and maneuvers that help to correctly establish the mechanism of various narrow complex SVTs. […] While medications including atrioventricular (AV) nodal blocking agents and other antiarrhythmic drugs are reasonable treatments, radiofrequency ablation (RFA) has revolutionized the management of SVT. […] Before radiofrequency ablation can be performed, however, an electrophysiologic study should be performed to correctly diagnose the mechanism of the SVT. […] It is important to recognize that as with most diagnostic tests, no single observation or maneuver discussed below is 100% sensitive or specific.

• #39 Paroxysmal Supraventricular Tachycardia Workup: Approach Considerations, Imaging Studies, Electrocardiography

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/156670-workup

  Electrophysiologic studies have dramatically changed the diagnosis of SVT. Intracardiac recordings have helped to map accessory pathways and reentry circuits in patients, and they have also assisted cardiologists and electrophysiologists in understanding the mechanisms behind these tachyarrhythmias. […] […] In a prospective registry, Lauschke et al compared the prevalence of inducible arrhythmias and the clinical outcome in 525 patients with and without ECG documentation. Results showed that a substantial proportion of patients with suspected paroxysmal tachycardia, but without ECG documentation, had inducible supraventricular tachycardias (SVTs) and clinically benefited from an electrophysiological study (EPS). […] […] Electrophysiologic studies are generally performed in combination with radiofrequency catheter ablation. […]

• #40 Diagnosis and management of supraventricular tachycardias

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5135523/

  Electrophysiologic study with the option of radiofrequency catheter ablation is useful for the diagnosis and potential treatment of SVT. Catheter ablation of the slow pathway is recommended in patients with AVNRT. Catheter ablation is recommended in patients with symptomatic focal atrial tachycardia as an alternative to pharmacologic treatment. Catheter ablation of the accessory pathway is recommended in patients with AVRT or pre-excited atrial fibrillation. […] In hemodynamically stable patients with SVT, once the ECG is obtained, a diagnostic and therapeutic trial of a vagal manoeuvre is recommended under continuous ECG monitoring. In patients with AVRT or AVNRT, the vagal manoeuvre may terminate the circuit and restore normal sinus rhythm. […] All patients with symptomatic or recurrent episodes of AVNRT, AVRT, atrial flutter or atrial tachycardia should be referred for consideration of radiofrequency catheter ablation as first-line treatment. For patients with symptomatic AVNRT, referral to an electrophysiologist is strongly suggested for confirmation of the diagnosis and possible ablation.

• #41 Diagnosis and management of supraventricular tachycardias

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5135523/

  Electrophysiologic study with the option of radiofrequency catheter ablation is useful for the diagnosis and potential treatment of SVT. Catheter ablation of the slow pathway is recommended in patients with AVNRT. Catheter ablation is recommended in patients with symptomatic focal atrial tachycardia as an alternative to pharmacologic treatment. Catheter ablation of the accessory pathway is recommended in patients with AVRT or pre-excited atrial fibrillation. […] In hemodynamically stable patients with SVT, once the ECG is obtained, a diagnostic and therapeutic trial of a vagal manoeuvre is recommended under continuous ECG monitoring. In patients with AVRT or AVNRT, the vagal manoeuvre may terminate the circuit and restore normal sinus rhythm. […] All patients with symptomatic or recurrent episodes of AVNRT, AVRT, atrial flutter or atrial tachycardia should be referred for consideration of radiofrequency catheter ablation as first-line treatment. For patients with symptomatic AVNRT, referral to an electrophysiologist is strongly suggested for confirmation of the diagnosis and possible ablation.

• #42 Paroxysmal Supraventricular Tachycardia Workup: Approach Considerations, Imaging Studies, Electrocardiography

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/156670-workup

  Electrophysiologic studies have dramatically changed the diagnosis of SVT. Intracardiac recordings have helped to map accessory pathways and reentry circuits in patients, and they have also assisted cardiologists and electrophysiologists in understanding the mechanisms behind these tachyarrhythmias. […] […] In a prospective registry, Lauschke et al compared the prevalence of inducible arrhythmias and the clinical outcome in 525 patients with and without ECG documentation. Results showed that a substantial proportion of patients with suspected paroxysmal tachycardia, but without ECG documentation, had inducible supraventricular tachycardias (SVTs) and clinically benefited from an electrophysiological study (EPS). […] […] Electrophysiologic studies are generally performed in combination with radiofrequency catheter ablation. […]

• #43 Diagnosis and management of supraventricular tachycardias

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5135523/

  Electrophysiologic study with the option of radiofrequency catheter ablation is useful for the diagnosis and potential treatment of SVT. Catheter ablation of the slow pathway is recommended in patients with AVNRT. Catheter ablation is recommended in patients with symptomatic focal atrial tachycardia as an alternative to pharmacologic treatment. Catheter ablation of the accessory pathway is recommended in patients with AVRT or pre-excited atrial fibrillation. […] In hemodynamically stable patients with SVT, once the ECG is obtained, a diagnostic and therapeutic trial of a vagal manoeuvre is recommended under continuous ECG monitoring. In patients with AVRT or AVNRT, the vagal manoeuvre may terminate the circuit and restore normal sinus rhythm. […] All patients with symptomatic or recurrent episodes of AVNRT, AVRT, atrial flutter or atrial tachycardia should be referred for consideration of radiofrequency catheter ablation as first-line treatment. For patients with symptomatic AVNRT, referral to an electrophysiologist is strongly suggested for confirmation of the diagnosis and possible ablation.

• #44 Paroxysmal Supraventricular Tachycardia Workup: Approach Considerations, Imaging Studies, Electrocardiography

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/156670-workup

  Electrophysiologic studies have dramatically changed the diagnosis of SVT. Intracardiac recordings have helped to map accessory pathways and reentry circuits in patients, and they have also assisted cardiologists and electrophysiologists in understanding the mechanisms behind these tachyarrhythmias. […] […] In a prospective registry, Lauschke et al compared the prevalence of inducible arrhythmias and the clinical outcome in 525 patients with and without ECG documentation. Results showed that a substantial proportion of patients with suspected paroxysmal tachycardia, but without ECG documentation, had inducible supraventricular tachycardias (SVTs) and clinically benefited from an electrophysiological study (EPS). […] […] Electrophysiologic studies are generally performed in combination with radiofrequency catheter ablation. […]

• #45 Supraventricular tachycardia – Diagnosis and treatment – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/supraventricular-tachycardia/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20355249

  Implantable loop recorder. This device records the heartbeat continuously for up to three years. It’s also called a cardiac event recorder. It shows how the heart is beating during daily activities. […] Echocardiogram. Sound waves are used to create images of the beating heart. This test can show how blood flows through the heart and heart valves. […] Other tests that may be done to diagnose SVT include: […] Electrophysiological (EP) study. This test helps show where faulty heart signals start in the heart. An EP study is mostly used to diagnose some specific types of tachycardias and irregular heartbeats.

• #46 Supraventricular Tachycardia: Diagnosis & Treatment | NewYork-Presbyterian

  https://www.nyp.org/heart/arrhythmias/supraventricular-tachycardia-svt/treatment

  To find out if you have supraventricular tachycardia, your doctor will perform an exam and possibly recommend further tests. […] Your doctor will ask about your symptoms, your medical history, and your family’s medical history and will perform a physical examination. […] To determine if you have thyroid disease or other condition that causes elevated heartbeat. […] These tests may include: Electrocardiogram (ECG or EKG) measures your heart’s electrical activity, rate, and rhythm. […] Echocardiogram (echo) creates an image of your heart’s valves and chambers and measures your heart’s strength level of pumping. […] Holter monitor is a portable ECG device. It records the heart’s electrical activity over a day or longer while you are away from the doctor’s office. […] Cardiac event recorder is a portable ECG device that you control to record your heart’s electrical activity when you have symptoms. It detects occasional arrhythmias and is typically worn for up to 30 days.

• #47 Supraventricular tachycardia – Diagnosis and treatment – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/supraventricular-tachycardia/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20355249

  Implantable loop recorder. This device records the heartbeat continuously for up to three years. It’s also called a cardiac event recorder. It shows how the heart is beating during daily activities. […] Echocardiogram. Sound waves are used to create images of the beating heart. This test can show how blood flows through the heart and heart valves. […] Other tests that may be done to diagnose SVT include: […] Electrophysiological (EP) study. This test helps show where faulty heart signals start in the heart. An EP study is mostly used to diagnose some specific types of tachycardias and irregular heartbeats.

• #48 Supraventricular Tachycardia: Diagnosis & Treatment | NewYork-Presbyterian

  https://www.nyp.org/heart/arrhythmias/supraventricular-tachycardia-svt/treatment

  To find out if you have supraventricular tachycardia, your doctor will perform an exam and possibly recommend further tests. […] Your doctor will ask about your symptoms, your medical history, and your family’s medical history and will perform a physical examination. […] To determine if you have thyroid disease or other condition that causes elevated heartbeat. […] These tests may include: Electrocardiogram (ECG or EKG) measures your heart’s electrical activity, rate, and rhythm. […] Echocardiogram (echo) creates an image of your heart’s valves and chambers and measures your heart’s strength level of pumping. […] Holter monitor is a portable ECG device. It records the heart’s electrical activity over a day or longer while you are away from the doctor’s office. […] Cardiac event recorder is a portable ECG device that you control to record your heart’s electrical activity when you have symptoms. It detects occasional arrhythmias and is typically worn for up to 30 days.

• #49 SVT: Supraventricular Tachycardia – The Cardiology Advisor

  https://www.thecardiologyadvisor.com/ddi/svt-supraventricular-tachycardia/

  Supraventricular tachycardia (SVT) is a rapid heart rhythm that originates from a short circuit in the upper heart chamber. Symptoms of SVT include palpitations, weakness, fatigue, dizziness, syncope, and chest pain, and can often be misdiagnosed as a panic attack. This article summarizes the epidemiologic characteristics, risk factors, prognosis, diagnosis, and treatment of SVT. […] The clinical presentation of SVT depends on several factors, including the patients age, duration of SVT episodes, and severity of symptoms, as well as the presence of comorbid heart or lung disease. Many patients with SVT are asymptomatic. Those with symptoms typically report palpitations, chest pain, and syncope. […] Patients with suspected SVT based on medical history and examination findings require further diagnostic workup. An ECG should be performed initially in hemodynamically stable patients. A Holter monitor or event recorder can help diagnose infrequent SVT that is not identified on a 12-lead ECG. Other potentially useful diagnostic tests for SVT include the following: Complete blood count; Thyroid function tests; Basic metabolic panel; B-type natriuretic peptide; Cardiac enzymes (troponin, creatine kinase, and myoglobin); Chest radiography; Exercise stress test; Tilt table test; Electrophysiological studies; and Echocardiography.

• #50 Supraventricular tachycardia (SVT) Causes, Symptoms, Diagnosis and Treatment – Cura4U

  https://cura4u.com/conditions/supraventricular-tachycardia

  To diagnose the disorder, your doctor will inquire about the symptoms and the previous medical records. […] The following tests can be used; […] Electrocardiogram: Electrical impulses in the heart are recorded during this simple test. […] Ambulatory monitoring: It makes use of sensors that monitor your heart rate. […] Event recorder: This device can be worn even for a month to detect infrequent arrhythmias. […] Electrophysiology: During this procedure, a long, narrow, flexible tube is placed into a blood channel generally in the pelvis and directed to the heart to detect the electrical activity of the heart through sensors located at the tip of the catheter. […] Echocardiogram: In this test, ultrasound waves create an image of your heart. […] Blood tests: Various blood tests, such as those to assess your kidneys, liver, thyroid function, and digoxin levels, may be ordered. […] Cardiac enzymes: Increased amounts of specific proteins or enzymes found in cardiac muscle may be detected by blood testing. […] X-ray of the chest. A chest X-ray can reveal the state of the lungs, as well as the size and form of the heart and main blood channels.

• #51 SVT: Supraventricular Tachycardia – The Cardiology Advisor

  https://www.thecardiologyadvisor.com/ddi/svt-supraventricular-tachycardia/

  Supraventricular tachycardia (SVT) is a rapid heart rhythm that originates from a short circuit in the upper heart chamber. Symptoms of SVT include palpitations, weakness, fatigue, dizziness, syncope, and chest pain, and can often be misdiagnosed as a panic attack. This article summarizes the epidemiologic characteristics, risk factors, prognosis, diagnosis, and treatment of SVT. […] The clinical presentation of SVT depends on several factors, including the patients age, duration of SVT episodes, and severity of symptoms, as well as the presence of comorbid heart or lung disease. Many patients with SVT are asymptomatic. Those with symptoms typically report palpitations, chest pain, and syncope. […] Patients with suspected SVT based on medical history and examination findings require further diagnostic workup. An ECG should be performed initially in hemodynamically stable patients. A Holter monitor or event recorder can help diagnose infrequent SVT that is not identified on a 12-lead ECG. Other potentially useful diagnostic tests for SVT include the following: Complete blood count; Thyroid function tests; Basic metabolic panel; B-type natriuretic peptide; Cardiac enzymes (troponin, creatine kinase, and myoglobin); Chest radiography; Exercise stress test; Tilt table test; Electrophysiological studies; and Echocardiography.

• #52 Supraventricular tachycardia (SVT) Causes, Symptoms, Diagnosis and Treatment – Cura4U

  https://cura4u.com/conditions/supraventricular-tachycardia

  To diagnose the disorder, your doctor will inquire about the symptoms and the previous medical records. […] The following tests can be used; […] Electrocardiogram: Electrical impulses in the heart are recorded during this simple test. […] Ambulatory monitoring: It makes use of sensors that monitor your heart rate. […] Event recorder: This device can be worn even for a month to detect infrequent arrhythmias. […] Electrophysiology: During this procedure, a long, narrow, flexible tube is placed into a blood channel generally in the pelvis and directed to the heart to detect the electrical activity of the heart through sensors located at the tip of the catheter. […] Echocardiogram: In this test, ultrasound waves create an image of your heart. […] Blood tests: Various blood tests, such as those to assess your kidneys, liver, thyroid function, and digoxin levels, may be ordered. […] Cardiac enzymes: Increased amounts of specific proteins or enzymes found in cardiac muscle may be detected by blood testing. […] X-ray of the chest. A chest X-ray can reveal the state of the lungs, as well as the size and form of the heart and main blood channels.

• #53 Paroxysmal Supraventricular Tachycardia Workup: Approach Considerations, Imaging Studies, Electrocardiography

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/156670-workup

  Guidelines on the management of supraventricular tachycardias (SVTs) are available from the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association (2015), the European Heart Rhythm Association (2017), the European Society of Cardiology Scientific Group (2017), and the European Society of Cardiology (2019). […] […] A cardiac enzyme evaluation should be ordered for patients with chest pain, patients with risk factors for myocardial infarction, and patients who are otherwise unstable and present with heart failure, hypotension, or pulmonary edema. Young patients with no structural heart defects have a very low risk of myocardial infarction. […] […] Elevated levels of high-sensitivity cardiac troponin T (hs-TnT) appear to be linked to greater short-term mortality in individuals with de novo paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia (paroxysmal SVT) without known cardiovascular disease. […]

• #54 Supraventricular tachycardia (SVT) Causes, Symptoms, Diagnosis and Treatment – Cura4U

  https://cura4u.com/conditions/supraventricular-tachycardia

  To diagnose the disorder, your doctor will inquire about the symptoms and the previous medical records. […] The following tests can be used; […] Electrocardiogram: Electrical impulses in the heart are recorded during this simple test. […] Ambulatory monitoring: It makes use of sensors that monitor your heart rate. […] Event recorder: This device can be worn even for a month to detect infrequent arrhythmias. […] Electrophysiology: During this procedure, a long, narrow, flexible tube is placed into a blood channel generally in the pelvis and directed to the heart to detect the electrical activity of the heart through sensors located at the tip of the catheter. […] Echocardiogram: In this test, ultrasound waves create an image of your heart. […] Blood tests: Various blood tests, such as those to assess your kidneys, liver, thyroid function, and digoxin levels, may be ordered. […] Cardiac enzymes: Increased amounts of specific proteins or enzymes found in cardiac muscle may be detected by blood testing. […] X-ray of the chest. A chest X-ray can reveal the state of the lungs, as well as the size and form of the heart and main blood channels.

• #55 Common Types of Supraventricular Tachycardia: Diagnosis and Management | AAFP

  https://www.aafp.org/pubs/afp/issues/2010/1015/p942.html

  Symptoms of SVT depend on a number of factors, including patient age, presence of comorbid heart and lung disease, and duration of SVT episodes. […] The history may reveal the likely etiology underlying the SVT. Sinus tachycardia must be considered in the differential diagnosis. […] A 12-lead ECG should be performed in patients who are hemodynamically stable, with special attention to rhythm and rate, atrioventricular conduction (PR interval), RP interval, hypertrophy, pathologic Q waves, prolongation of the QT interval, and any evidence of preexcitation. […] The primary treatment goal for any SVT is its cessation, especially in patients who are at risk hemodynamically and cannot tolerate prolonged tachyarrhythmias. […] Short-term or urgent management of SVT can be separated into pharmacologic and nonpharmacologic strategies.

• #56 Wide QRS Tachycardias: Differential Diagnosis (VT or SVT)

  https://www.aerjournal.com/articles/differential-diagnosis-wide-qrs-tachycardias?language_content_entity=en

  In this article, the authors discuss the differential diagnostic methods used in clinical practice to identify types of wide QRS tachycardias (QRS duration 120 ms). A correct diagnosis is critical to management, as misdiagnosis and the administration of drugs usually utilised for supraventricular tachycardia can be harmful for patients with ventricular tachycardia. […] Wide QRS tachycardias can be VT, supraventricular tachycardia (SVT) conducting with bundle branch block (BBB) aberration, or over an accessory pathway, and account for 80%, 15% and 5% of cases, respectively. The correct diagnosis of VT is critical to management, as misdiagnosis and the administration of drugs usually utilised for SVT can be harmful for patients in VT. […] The text is mainly based on the recently published ESC guidelines on SVT.

• #57 Common Types of Supraventricular Tachycardia: Diagnosis and Management | AAFP

  https://www.aafp.org/pubs/afp/issues/2010/1015/p942.html

  A more recent article on common types of supraventricular tachycardia is available. […] The most common types of supraventricular tachycardia are caused by a reentry phenomenon producing accelerated heart rates. […] Diagnosis is often delayed because of the misdiagnosis of anxiety or panic disorder. Patient history is important in uncovering the diagnosis, whereas the physical examination may or may not be helpful. A Holter monitor or an event recorder is usually needed to capture the arrhythmia and confirm a diagnosis. […] Supraventricular tachycardia (SVT) is tachycardia having an electropathologic substrate arising above the bundle of His and causing heart rates exceeding 100 beats per minute. […] This article focuses on the most common types of paroxysmal SVT: atrioventricular nodal reentrant tachycardia (AVNRT), atrioventricular reciprocating tachycardia (AVRT), and atrial tachycardia (AT).

• #58 Supraventricular tachycardia (SVT) – EMCrit Project

  https://emcrit.org/ibcc/svt/

  Supraventricular tachycardia (SVT) is a common arrhythmia that can be diagnosed through various methods. […] The diagnostic approach to stable supraventricular tachycardia involves breaking down SVTs into five groups: irregular, more P’s than QRS’s, undetectable P-waves, P before QRS, and P after QRS. […] The differential diagnosis for undetectable P-waves includes AFib with pseudo-normalization, AFlutter with subtle flutter waves, and focal atrial tachycardia with subtle P-waves. […] The diagnostic approach includes comparing to baseline ECG, using the Lewis lead test, and administering adenosine or performing vagal maneuvers. […] The ECG findings of AVNRT typically show a rate of ~140-220 b/m, with retrograde P-waves often buried in QRS complexes. […] In the case of atrial flutter, flutter waves are usually best seen in inferior leads, and the ventricular rate is generally around 140-160 b/m with 2:1 conduction.

• #59 Supraventricular Tachycardia – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK441972/

  The diagnosis can be confirmed by obtaining an electrocardiogram (ECG) and identifying the rhythm. […] A typical ECG for atrioventricular nodal reentrant tachycardia shows a narrow complex (QRS duration 120 ms) with regular tachycardia at a rate of approximately 180 to 220 bpm, often with no discernible P waves due to the near-simultaneous activation of the atria and ventricles. […] Differentiating between supraventricular tachycardia and ventricular tachycardia is crucial, as the management strategies for each condition differ. […] For unstable patients, immediate synchronized cardioversion should be considered. […] Synchronized cardioversion is recommended for hemodynamically stable patients with atrioventricular nodal reentrant tachycardia if pharmacological treatment does not terminate the tachycardia or is inappropriate.

• #60 Supraventricular Tachycardia (SVT) • LITFL • ECG Library Diagnosis

  https://litfl.com/supraventricular-tachycardia-svt-ecg-library/

  The tachycardia typically ranges between 140-280 bpm and is regular in nature. […] The condition is generally well tolerated and is rarely life threatening in patients with pre-existing heart disease. […] ECG features of AVNRT include regular tachycardia ~140-280 bpm, narrow QRS complexes (120ms) unless there is co-existing bundle branch block, accessory pathway, or rate-related aberrant conduction. […] P waves if visible exhibit retrograde conduction with P-wave inversion in leads II, III, aVF. […] The mainstay of treatment is adenosine. […] Other agents which may be used include calcium-channel blockers, beta-blockers and amiodarone. […] Catheter ablation may be considered in recurrent episodes not amenable to medical treatment.

• #61 Supraventricular Tachycardia – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK441972/

  The diagnosis can be confirmed by obtaining an electrocardiogram (ECG) and identifying the rhythm. […] A typical ECG for atrioventricular nodal reentrant tachycardia shows a narrow complex (QRS duration 120 ms) with regular tachycardia at a rate of approximately 180 to 220 bpm, often with no discernible P waves due to the near-simultaneous activation of the atria and ventricles. […] Differentiating between supraventricular tachycardia and ventricular tachycardia is crucial, as the management strategies for each condition differ. […] For unstable patients, immediate synchronized cardioversion should be considered. […] Synchronized cardioversion is recommended for hemodynamically stable patients with atrioventricular nodal reentrant tachycardia if pharmacological treatment does not terminate the tachycardia or is inappropriate.

• #62 Supraventricular Tachycardia (SVT) • LITFL • ECG Library Diagnosis

  https://litfl.com/supraventricular-tachycardia-svt-ecg-library/

  The tachycardia typically ranges between 140-280 bpm and is regular in nature. […] The condition is generally well tolerated and is rarely life threatening in patients with pre-existing heart disease. […] ECG features of AVNRT include regular tachycardia ~140-280 bpm, narrow QRS complexes (120ms) unless there is co-existing bundle branch block, accessory pathway, or rate-related aberrant conduction. […] P waves if visible exhibit retrograde conduction with P-wave inversion in leads II, III, aVF. […] The mainstay of treatment is adenosine. […] Other agents which may be used include calcium-channel blockers, beta-blockers and amiodarone. […] Catheter ablation may be considered in recurrent episodes not amenable to medical treatment.

• #63 How to Rapidly Diagnose Supraventricular Tachycardia in the Electrophysiology Lab | Thoracic Key

  https://thoracickey.com/how-to-rapidly-diagnose-supraventricular-tachycardia-in-the-electrophysiology-lab/

  This finding makes AVNRT very likely. […] Tachycardia initiation with a premature atrial complex (PAC) and marked PR prolongation usually signifies an AV nodal dependent arrhythmia. […] However, these ECG criteria should be used with caution as studies looking at their effectiveness have shown an incorrectly classified the tachycardia 20% of the time. […] Before initiation of SVT in the EP lab, baseline observations can be made that may help guide the differential diagnosis to a particular tachycardia mechanism. […] The tachycardia cycle length (TCL) gives insight into the mechanism of the tachycardia, although there is significant overlap. […] In general, AVNRT tends to be slower than AVRT. […] The first measurement made at the initiation of the tachycardia is the septal V-A interval, measured from the beginning of the surface QRS to the earliest septal atrial electrogram.

• #64 The Differential Diagnosis of Supraventricular Tachycardia Using Clinical and Electrocardiographic Features – Annals Singapore

  https://annals.edu.sg/the-differential-diagnosis-of-supraventricular-tachycardia-using-clinical-and-electrocardiographic-features/

  Noninvasive determination of the mechanism of supraventricular tachycardia (SVT) is useful in order to decide on the appropriate mode of therapy. The aim of this study was to evaluate the usefulness of the clinical and electrocardiographic features in diagnosing the type of SVT. […] There were 68 atrioventricular nodal reentrant tachycardia (AVNRT), 26 atrioventricular reentrant tachycardia (AVRT) and 6 atrial tachycardia (AT). […] Sex and age of onset of symptoms alone were, however, not valuable in diagnosing the type of SVT. […] The presence of pseudo r in V1 and pseudo s in II/III/aVF was diagnostic of AVNRT with a specificity of 90% and 100%, respectively, and positive predictive value of 97% and 100%, respectively. […] Pseudo s in II/III/aVF is highly predictive of AVNRT. Measurement of RP and PR interval and ratio are also useful in determining the SVT mechanism. […] Noninvasive evaluation of the mechanism of the arrhythmia is important in the management of supraventricular tachycardia (SVT). It guides one in the choice of therapy.

• #65 Establishing the Mechanism of Supraventricular Tachycardia in the Electrophysiology Laboratory

  https://www.innovationsincrm.com/cardiac-rhythm-management/2013/april/430-supraventricular-tachycardia-in-the-electrophysiology-laboratory

  The demonstration of dual AV nodal physiology during electrophysiology study has a positive predictive value of 86% for AVNRT as the mechanism of the tachycardia. […] Termination of the tachycardia with the development of AV block (spontaneous or induced by vagal maneuvers or AV nodal blocking medications) favors the diagnosis of the AV nodal-dependent tachycardias, AVNRT or AVRT. […] A sudden increase in the AH or VH interval with the delivery of a slightly decrementing single extrastimulus implies the presence of dual AV nodal pathways and is strongly suggestive of AVNRT as the mechanism of the SVT with a PPV of 91%. […] If the tachycardia continues during development of VA block, AVRT as the mechanism of the tachycardia is excluded because of the need for ventricular participation.

• #66 The Differential Diagnosis of Supraventricular Tachycardia Using Clinical and Electrocardiographic Features – Annals Singapore

  https://annals.edu.sg/the-differential-diagnosis-of-supraventricular-tachycardia-using-clinical-and-electrocardiographic-features/

  Noninvasive determination of the mechanism of supraventricular tachycardia (SVT) is useful in order to decide on the appropriate mode of therapy. The aim of this study was to evaluate the usefulness of the clinical and electrocardiographic features in diagnosing the type of SVT. […] There were 68 atrioventricular nodal reentrant tachycardia (AVNRT), 26 atrioventricular reentrant tachycardia (AVRT) and 6 atrial tachycardia (AT). […] Sex and age of onset of symptoms alone were, however, not valuable in diagnosing the type of SVT. […] The presence of pseudo r in V1 and pseudo s in II/III/aVF was diagnostic of AVNRT with a specificity of 90% and 100%, respectively, and positive predictive value of 97% and 100%, respectively. […] Pseudo s in II/III/aVF is highly predictive of AVNRT. Measurement of RP and PR interval and ratio are also useful in determining the SVT mechanism. […] Noninvasive evaluation of the mechanism of the arrhythmia is important in the management of supraventricular tachycardia (SVT). It guides one in the choice of therapy.

• #67 Establishing the Mechanism of Supraventricular Tachycardia in the Electrophysiology Laboratory

  https://www.innovationsincrm.com/cardiac-rhythm-management/2013/april/430-supraventricular-tachycardia-in-the-electrophysiology-laboratory

  The demonstration of dual AV nodal physiology during electrophysiology study has a positive predictive value of 86% for AVNRT as the mechanism of the tachycardia. […] Termination of the tachycardia with the development of AV block (spontaneous or induced by vagal maneuvers or AV nodal blocking medications) favors the diagnosis of the AV nodal-dependent tachycardias, AVNRT or AVRT. […] A sudden increase in the AH or VH interval with the delivery of a slightly decrementing single extrastimulus implies the presence of dual AV nodal pathways and is strongly suggestive of AVNRT as the mechanism of the SVT with a PPV of 91%. […] If the tachycardia continues during development of VA block, AVRT as the mechanism of the tachycardia is excluded because of the need for ventricular participation.

• #68 How to Rapidly Diagnose Supraventricular Tachycardia in the Electrophysiology Lab | Thoracic Key

  https://thoracickey.com/how-to-rapidly-diagnose-supraventricular-tachycardia-in-the-electrophysiology-lab/

  If the septal V-A time is greater than 70 ms, the CS catheter can be used to determine whether the RAAS during tachycardia is concentric or eccentric. […] Evidence of eccentric activation excludes most all forms of AVNRT as the tachycardia mechanism. […] When tachycardia induction is reproducibly dependent on a prolongation of the A-H interval with atrial pacing, the most likely diagnosis is AVNRT, with a PPV of 91%. […] The development of LBBB is more commonly seen with ORT, with a PPV of 92%. […] An increase in the V-A interval by greater than 20 ms with bundle branch block (BBB) is diagnostic of ORT using an AP that is ipsilateral to the side of block, with a PPV of 100%.

• #69 Atrial Tachycardia: Diagnosis – The Cardiology Advisor

  https://www.thecardiologyadvisor.com/ddi/atrial-tachycardia-diagnosis/

  Atrial tachycardia is a heart rhythm in which the heart beats faster than 100 beats per minute due to an electrical signal in the atria. It is one type of paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia (PSVT), a term referring to a group of arrhythmias that originate above the atrioventricular junction (AVJ) and that generally begin and end abruptly. […] Of all PSVTs, atrial tachycardia is the least common, accounting for approximately 1 in 10 cases. Among patients referred for supraventricular tachycardia (SVT) ablation, focal atrial tachycardia (FAT) is present in 3% to 17%. […] Symptoms of paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia commonly include palpitations, chest pain, fatigue, and/or lightheadedness. […] An electrocardiogram (ECG) reveals a regular, narrow-complex tachycardia in which P waves differ from their appearance in sinus rhythm.

• #70 Atrial Tachycardia: Diagnosis – The Cardiology Advisor

  https://www.thecardiologyadvisor.com/ddi/atrial-tachycardia-diagnosis/

  For unifocal tachycardia, ECG shows a fast, regular rhythm with isoelectric segments between P-waves. It may be difficult to distinguish from other regular SVTs. The P waves outnumber the QRS complexes, helping to distinguish atrial tachycardia from sinus tachycardia. […] With MAT, the ECG shows an irregular rhythm with at least three different P-wave morphologies, typically with isoelectric periods between them. […] Some diagnostics can also be therapeutic. Vagal maneuvers such as the Valsalva maneuver or unilateral carotid sinus massage can slow down conduction through the atrioventricular node. […] Pharmacological interventions such as adenosine, which should be administered in a monitored environment, can also block atrioventricular conduction. […] Cardioversion is rarely necessary and is indicated if the patient is hemodynamically unstable and has not responded to other measures.

• #71 Atrial Tachycardia: Diagnosis – The Cardiology Advisor

  https://www.thecardiologyadvisor.com/ddi/atrial-tachycardia-diagnosis/

  Atrial tachycardia is a heart rhythm in which the heart beats faster than 100 beats per minute due to an electrical signal in the atria. It is one type of paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia (PSVT), a term referring to a group of arrhythmias that originate above the atrioventricular junction (AVJ) and that generally begin and end abruptly. […] Of all PSVTs, atrial tachycardia is the least common, accounting for approximately 1 in 10 cases. Among patients referred for supraventricular tachycardia (SVT) ablation, focal atrial tachycardia (FAT) is present in 3% to 17%. […] Symptoms of paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia commonly include palpitations, chest pain, fatigue, and/or lightheadedness. […] An electrocardiogram (ECG) reveals a regular, narrow-complex tachycardia in which P waves differ from their appearance in sinus rhythm.

• #72 Atrial Tachycardia: Diagnosis – The Cardiology Advisor

  https://www.thecardiologyadvisor.com/ddi/atrial-tachycardia-diagnosis/

  For unifocal tachycardia, ECG shows a fast, regular rhythm with isoelectric segments between P-waves. It may be difficult to distinguish from other regular SVTs. The P waves outnumber the QRS complexes, helping to distinguish atrial tachycardia from sinus tachycardia. […] With MAT, the ECG shows an irregular rhythm with at least three different P-wave morphologies, typically with isoelectric periods between them. […] Some diagnostics can also be therapeutic. Vagal maneuvers such as the Valsalva maneuver or unilateral carotid sinus massage can slow down conduction through the atrioventricular node. […] Pharmacological interventions such as adenosine, which should be administered in a monitored environment, can also block atrioventricular conduction. […] Cardioversion is rarely necessary and is indicated if the patient is hemodynamically unstable and has not responded to other measures.

• #73 Supraventricular Tachycardia – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK441972/

  The diagnosis can be confirmed by obtaining an electrocardiogram (ECG) and identifying the rhythm. […] A typical ECG for atrioventricular nodal reentrant tachycardia shows a narrow complex (QRS duration 120 ms) with regular tachycardia at a rate of approximately 180 to 220 bpm, often with no discernible P waves due to the near-simultaneous activation of the atria and ventricles. […] Differentiating between supraventricular tachycardia and ventricular tachycardia is crucial, as the management strategies for each condition differ. […] For unstable patients, immediate synchronized cardioversion should be considered. […] Synchronized cardioversion is recommended for hemodynamically stable patients with atrioventricular nodal reentrant tachycardia if pharmacological treatment does not terminate the tachycardia or is inappropriate.

• #74 Wide QRS Tachycardias: Differential Diagnosis (VT or SVT)

  https://www.aerjournal.com/articles/differential-diagnosis-wide-qrs-tachycardias?language_content_entity=en

  In this article, the authors discuss the differential diagnostic methods used in clinical practice to identify types of wide QRS tachycardias (QRS duration 120 ms). A correct diagnosis is critical to management, as misdiagnosis and the administration of drugs usually utilised for supraventricular tachycardia can be harmful for patients with ventricular tachycardia. […] Wide QRS tachycardias can be VT, supraventricular tachycardia (SVT) conducting with bundle branch block (BBB) aberration, or over an accessory pathway, and account for 80%, 15% and 5% of cases, respectively. The correct diagnosis of VT is critical to management, as misdiagnosis and the administration of drugs usually utilised for SVT can be harmful for patients in VT. […] The text is mainly based on the recently published ESC guidelines on SVT.

• #75 Wide QRS Tachycardias: Differential Diagnosis (VT or SVT)

  https://www.aerjournal.com/articles/differential-diagnosis-wide-qrs-tachycardias?language_content_entity=en

  Differential diagnoses include SVT with BBB. This may arise due to pre-existing BBB or the development of aberrancy during tachycardia, known as phase 3 block, which more commonly has a right bundle branch block (RBBB) pattern due to the longer refractory period of the right bundle branch. […] Atrioventricular dissociation may be difficult to recognise because P waves are often hidden by wide QRS and T waves during a wide QRS tachycardia. […] A QRS duration 140 ms with RBBB or 160 ms with left bundle branch block (LBBB) pattern suggests VT. […] The presence of negative chest lead concordance (i.e. when all QRS complexes in leads V1V6 are negative) is almost diagnostic of VT, with a specificity of 90%, but is only present in 20% of VTs. […] The absence of RS complex in the precordial leads, i.e. only R and S complexes are seen on ECG, is only found in VTs. An RS complex is found in all SVTs and in 74% of VTs.

• #76 Wide QRS Tachycardias: Differential Diagnosis (VT or SVT)

  https://www.aerjournal.com/articles/differential-diagnosis-wide-qrs-tachycardias?language_content_entity=en

  Differential diagnoses include SVT with BBB. This may arise due to pre-existing BBB or the development of aberrancy during tachycardia, known as phase 3 block, which more commonly has a right bundle branch block (RBBB) pattern due to the longer refractory period of the right bundle branch. […] Atrioventricular dissociation may be difficult to recognise because P waves are often hidden by wide QRS and T waves during a wide QRS tachycardia. […] A QRS duration 140 ms with RBBB or 160 ms with left bundle branch block (LBBB) pattern suggests VT. […] The presence of negative chest lead concordance (i.e. when all QRS complexes in leads V1V6 are negative) is almost diagnostic of VT, with a specificity of 90%, but is only present in 20% of VTs. […] The absence of RS complex in the precordial leads, i.e. only R and S complexes are seen on ECG, is only found in VTs. An RS complex is found in all SVTs and in 74% of VTs.

• #77 Wide QRS Tachycardias: Differential Diagnosis (VT or SVT)

  https://www.aerjournal.com/articles/differential-diagnosis-wide-qrs-tachycardias?language_content_entity=en

  Differential diagnoses include SVT with BBB. This may arise due to pre-existing BBB or the development of aberrancy during tachycardia, known as phase 3 block, which more commonly has a right bundle branch block (RBBB) pattern due to the longer refractory period of the right bundle branch. […] Atrioventricular dissociation may be difficult to recognise because P waves are often hidden by wide QRS and T waves during a wide QRS tachycardia. […] A QRS duration 140 ms with RBBB or 160 ms with left bundle branch block (LBBB) pattern suggests VT. […] The presence of negative chest lead concordance (i.e. when all QRS complexes in leads V1V6 are negative) is almost diagnostic of VT, with a specificity of 90%, but is only present in 20% of VTs. […] The absence of RS complex in the precordial leads, i.e. only R and S complexes are seen on ECG, is only found in VTs. An RS complex is found in all SVTs and in 74% of VTs.

• #78 Wide QRS Tachycardias: Differential Diagnosis (VT or SVT)

  https://www.aerjournal.com/articles/differential-diagnosis-wide-qrs-tachycardias?language_content_entity=en

  Differential diagnoses include SVT with BBB. This may arise due to pre-existing BBB or the development of aberrancy during tachycardia, known as phase 3 block, which more commonly has a right bundle branch block (RBBB) pattern due to the longer refractory period of the right bundle branch. […] Atrioventricular dissociation may be difficult to recognise because P waves are often hidden by wide QRS and T waves during a wide QRS tachycardia. […] A QRS duration 140 ms with RBBB or 160 ms with left bundle branch block (LBBB) pattern suggests VT. […] The presence of negative chest lead concordance (i.e. when all QRS complexes in leads V1V6 are negative) is almost diagnostic of VT, with a specificity of 90%, but is only present in 20% of VTs. […] The absence of RS complex in the precordial leads, i.e. only R and S complexes are seen on ECG, is only found in VTs. An RS complex is found in all SVTs and in 74% of VTs.

• #79 Wide QRS Tachycardias: Differential Diagnosis (VT or SVT)

  https://www.aerjournal.com/articles/differential-diagnosis-wide-qrs-tachycardias?language_content_entity=en

  An algorithm has been derived for differential diagnosis based on the analysis of 267 wide-QRS tachycardias, consisting of VT and antidromic atrioventricular re-entrant tachycardia. The criteria derived from this analysis were found to have a sensitivity of 75% and specificity of 100%. […] On certain occasions, such as tachycardias with borderline QRS duration and/or in the absence of atrioventricular dissociation, an electrophysiology study is necessary for diagnosis.

• #80 Supraventricular tachycardia – Symptoms and causes – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/supraventricular-tachycardia/symptoms-causes/syc-20355243

  Supraventricular tachycardia (SVT) is a type of irregular heartbeat, also called an arrhythmia. […] Supraventricular tachycardia (SVT) falls into three main groups: Atrioventricular nodal reentrant tachycardia (AVNRT), Atrioventricular reciprocating tachycardia (AVRT), and Atrial tachycardia. […] Supraventricular tachycardia (SVT) is caused by faulty signaling in the heart. […] In SVT, a change in heart signaling causes the heartbeat to start too early in the heart’s upper chambers. […] Supraventricular tachycardia (SVT) is the most common type of arrhythmia in infants and children. […] Health conditions or treatments that may increase the risk of supraventricular tachycardia include coronary artery disease, heart valve disease and other heart diseases, heart failure, and a heart problem present at birth. […] A severe attack of SVT may cause fainting or a sudden loss of all heart activity, called sudden cardiac arrest. […] The same lifestyle changes used to manage supraventricular tachycardia (SVT) also may help prevent it.

• #81 Supraventricular Tachycardia (SVT) in Children | Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia

  https://www.chop.edu/conditions-diseases/supraventricular-tachycardia-svt

  Supraventricular tachycardia is suspected when a doctor or nurse counts a very rapid heart rate (usually >200 in infants and >160 bpm in older children and teenagers) during an attack. […] To confirm the diagnosis, your child’s pediatrician might perform an electrocardiogram (ECG – also known as EKG). An ECG is a test which records the electrical activity of the heart. […] An ECG, echocardiogram and a physical exam are usually normal if they are performed after the tachycardia (fast heartbeat) stops, so it is important to obtain an ECG while your child is having the symptoms. […] An accurate ECG will allow for the correct diagnosis and appropriate treatment for your child. […] Your doctor may also refer your child to an electrophysiologist, a cardiologist who has additional education and training in the diagnosis and treatment of abnormal heart rhythms.

• #82 Supraventricular Tachycardia | Select 5-Minute Pediatrics Topics

  https://www.unboundmedicine.com/5minute/view/Select-5-Minute-Pediatric-Consult/14069/all/Supraventricular_Tachycardia

  The term supraventricular tachycardia (SVT) is generally used to refer to atrioventricular nodal reentry tachycardia (AVNRT), atrioventricular reciprocating tachycardia (AVRT), and atrial tachycardia (AT) but includes any tachycardia originating at or above the atrioventricular (AV) node. […] The heart rate in SVT in infants generally ranges from 220 to 320 beats per minute (bpm) and in older children from 150 to 250 bpm. […] SVT is the most common arrhythmia in childhood. […] Incidence of SVT is 35 per 100,000 per year. […] Prevalence of SVT is 1 in 250 to 25,000 children. […] AVRT is the most common type of SVT in children, occurring in ~75% of cases. […] AVNRT rarely occurs before age 2 years. […] 5060% of pediatric patients with SVT present in the 1st year of life. […] Most children with SVT have structurally normal hearts; however, children with congenital heart disease (CHD) have an increased risk of SVT. […] SVT can frequently be precipitated by exercise, infection, fever, or drug exposure.

• #83 Supraventricular Tachycardia (SVT) in Children | Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia

  https://www.chop.edu/conditions-diseases/supraventricular-tachycardia-svt

  Supraventricular tachycardia is suspected when a doctor or nurse counts a very rapid heart rate (usually >200 in infants and >160 bpm in older children and teenagers) during an attack. […] To confirm the diagnosis, your child’s pediatrician might perform an electrocardiogram (ECG – also known as EKG). An ECG is a test which records the electrical activity of the heart. […] An ECG, echocardiogram and a physical exam are usually normal if they are performed after the tachycardia (fast heartbeat) stops, so it is important to obtain an ECG while your child is having the symptoms. […] An accurate ECG will allow for the correct diagnosis and appropriate treatment for your child. […] Your doctor may also refer your child to an electrophysiologist, a cardiologist who has additional education and training in the diagnosis and treatment of abnormal heart rhythms.

• #84 Supraventricular Tachycardia | Select 5-Minute Pediatrics Topics

  https://www.unboundmedicine.com/5minute/view/Select-5-Minute-Pediatric-Consult/14069/all/Supraventricular_Tachycardia

  The term supraventricular tachycardia (SVT) is generally used to refer to atrioventricular nodal reentry tachycardia (AVNRT), atrioventricular reciprocating tachycardia (AVRT), and atrial tachycardia (AT) but includes any tachycardia originating at or above the atrioventricular (AV) node. […] The heart rate in SVT in infants generally ranges from 220 to 320 beats per minute (bpm) and in older children from 150 to 250 bpm. […] SVT is the most common arrhythmia in childhood. […] Incidence of SVT is 35 per 100,000 per year. […] Prevalence of SVT is 1 in 250 to 25,000 children. […] AVRT is the most common type of SVT in children, occurring in ~75% of cases. […] AVNRT rarely occurs before age 2 years. […] 5060% of pediatric patients with SVT present in the 1st year of life. […] Most children with SVT have structurally normal hearts; however, children with congenital heart disease (CHD) have an increased risk of SVT. […] SVT can frequently be precipitated by exercise, infection, fever, or drug exposure.

• #85 Supraventricular Tachycardia (SVT) in Children | Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia

  https://www.chop.edu/conditions-diseases/supraventricular-tachycardia-svt

  Supraventricular tachycardia is suspected when a doctor or nurse counts a very rapid heart rate (usually >200 in infants and >160 bpm in older children and teenagers) during an attack. […] To confirm the diagnosis, your child’s pediatrician might perform an electrocardiogram (ECG – also known as EKG). An ECG is a test which records the electrical activity of the heart. […] An ECG, echocardiogram and a physical exam are usually normal if they are performed after the tachycardia (fast heartbeat) stops, so it is important to obtain an ECG while your child is having the symptoms. […] An accurate ECG will allow for the correct diagnosis and appropriate treatment for your child. […] Your doctor may also refer your child to an electrophysiologist, a cardiologist who has additional education and training in the diagnosis and treatment of abnormal heart rhythms.

• #86 Supraventricular Tachycardia (SVT) in Children | Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia

  https://www.chop.edu/conditions-diseases/supraventricular-tachycardia-svt

  Supraventricular tachycardia is suspected when a doctor or nurse counts a very rapid heart rate (usually >200 in infants and >160 bpm in older children and teenagers) during an attack. […] To confirm the diagnosis, your child’s pediatrician might perform an electrocardiogram (ECG – also known as EKG). An ECG is a test which records the electrical activity of the heart. […] An ECG, echocardiogram and a physical exam are usually normal if they are performed after the tachycardia (fast heartbeat) stops, so it is important to obtain an ECG while your child is having the symptoms. […] An accurate ECG will allow for the correct diagnosis and appropriate treatment for your child. […] Your doctor may also refer your child to an electrophysiologist, a cardiologist who has additional education and training in the diagnosis and treatment of abnormal heart rhythms.

• #87 Supraventricular Tachycardia | Select 5-Minute Pediatrics Topics

  https://www.unboundmedicine.com/5minute/view/Select-5-Minute-Pediatric-Consult/14069/all/Supraventricular_Tachycardia

  The term supraventricular tachycardia (SVT) is generally used to refer to atrioventricular nodal reentry tachycardia (AVNRT), atrioventricular reciprocating tachycardia (AVRT), and atrial tachycardia (AT) but includes any tachycardia originating at or above the atrioventricular (AV) node. […] The heart rate in SVT in infants generally ranges from 220 to 320 beats per minute (bpm) and in older children from 150 to 250 bpm. […] SVT is the most common arrhythmia in childhood. […] Incidence of SVT is 35 per 100,000 per year. […] Prevalence of SVT is 1 in 250 to 25,000 children. […] AVRT is the most common type of SVT in children, occurring in ~75% of cases. […] AVNRT rarely occurs before age 2 years. […] 5060% of pediatric patients with SVT present in the 1st year of life. […] Most children with SVT have structurally normal hearts; however, children with congenital heart disease (CHD) have an increased risk of SVT. […] SVT can frequently be precipitated by exercise, infection, fever, or drug exposure.

• #88 Diagnosis and Treatment of Fetal Tachyarrhythmias | USC Journal

  https://www.uscjournal.com/articles/diagnosis-and-treatment-fetal-tachyarrhythmias?language_content_entity=en

  Supraventricular tachycardia (SVT), the most common fetal tachyarrhythmia, accounts for 70-80% of fetal tachycardia. It is often diagnosed around 28-32 weeks gestational age but may be seen earlier. Typically, the mechanism for SVT is atrioventricular re-entrant tachycardia (AVRT) from an accessory pathway, with left-sided pathways being most common. Multiple pathways can seen in pre-natal life, and 25% of fetuses have been noted to have pre-excitation post-natally. By echocardiogram, there is 1:1 atrioventricular conduction with a short VA interval. The rate of SVT is typically greater than 250bpm and is regular, with little beat-to-beat variability. This rhythm may be intermittent or incessant leading to fetal hydrops. Overall mortality for sustained fetal SVT is 8.9%, and higher in hydropic fetuses.

• #89 Diagnosis and Treatment of Fetal Tachyarrhythmias | USC Journal

  https://www.uscjournal.com/articles/diagnosis-and-treatment-fetal-tachyarrhythmias?language_content_entity=en

  Supraventricular tachycardia (SVT), the most common fetal tachyarrhythmia, accounts for 70-80% of fetal tachycardia. It is often diagnosed around 28-32 weeks gestational age but may be seen earlier. Typically, the mechanism for SVT is atrioventricular re-entrant tachycardia (AVRT) from an accessory pathway, with left-sided pathways being most common. Multiple pathways can seen in pre-natal life, and 25% of fetuses have been noted to have pre-excitation post-natally. By echocardiogram, there is 1:1 atrioventricular conduction with a short VA interval. The rate of SVT is typically greater than 250bpm and is regular, with little beat-to-beat variability. This rhythm may be intermittent or incessant leading to fetal hydrops. Overall mortality for sustained fetal SVT is 8.9%, and higher in hydropic fetuses.

• #90 Diagnosis and Treatment of Fetal Tachyarrhythmias | USC Journal

  https://www.uscjournal.com/articles/diagnosis-and-treatment-fetal-tachyarrhythmias?language_content_entity=en

  Supraventricular tachycardia (SVT), the most common fetal tachyarrhythmia, accounts for 70-80% of fetal tachycardia. It is often diagnosed around 28-32 weeks gestational age but may be seen earlier. Typically, the mechanism for SVT is atrioventricular re-entrant tachycardia (AVRT) from an accessory pathway, with left-sided pathways being most common. Multiple pathways can seen in pre-natal life, and 25% of fetuses have been noted to have pre-excitation post-natally. By echocardiogram, there is 1:1 atrioventricular conduction with a short VA interval. The rate of SVT is typically greater than 250bpm and is regular, with little beat-to-beat variability. This rhythm may be intermittent or incessant leading to fetal hydrops. Overall mortality for sustained fetal SVT is 8.9%, and higher in hydropic fetuses.

• #91 Diagnosis and Treatment of Fetal Tachyarrhythmias | USC Journal

  https://www.uscjournal.com/articles/diagnosis-and-treatment-fetal-tachyarrhythmias?language_content_entity=en

  Supraventricular tachycardia (SVT), the most common fetal tachyarrhythmia, accounts for 70-80% of fetal tachycardia. It is often diagnosed around 28-32 weeks gestational age but may be seen earlier. Typically, the mechanism for SVT is atrioventricular re-entrant tachycardia (AVRT) from an accessory pathway, with left-sided pathways being most common. Multiple pathways can seen in pre-natal life, and 25% of fetuses have been noted to have pre-excitation post-natally. By echocardiogram, there is 1:1 atrioventricular conduction with a short VA interval. The rate of SVT is typically greater than 250bpm and is regular, with little beat-to-beat variability. This rhythm may be intermittent or incessant leading to fetal hydrops. Overall mortality for sustained fetal SVT is 8.9%, and higher in hydropic fetuses.

• #92 Diagnosis and management of supraventricular tachycardias

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5135523/

  Supraventricular tachycardias are common among patients in the emergency department and in the office. Prompt recognition of the specific type of arrhythmia is essential to determine therapeutic management. All patients with symptomatic SVT should be referred to a cardiologist for assessment and management.

• #93 Supraventricular Tachycardia: Diagnosis, Treatment, and the Patient Journey – PCNA

  https://pcna.net/supraventricular-tachycardia-diagnosis-treament-and-the-patient-journey/

  Supraventricular Tachycardia, also known as SVT, is an umbrella term for an elevated heart rate of over 100 bpm that takes place in the atria. […] SVT is often misdiagnosed as panic or stress. An ECG or heart monitor may be used in diagnosis. […] Onset may occur at any time, and accurate diagnosis is critical to effective management and treatment throughout the patients lifespan. […] Patient and provider awareness of SVT helps increase diagnosis and effective treatments.

• #94 Common Types of Supraventricular Tachycardia: Diagnosis and Management | AAFP

  https://www.aafp.org/pubs/afp/issues/2010/1015/p942.html

  Symptoms of SVT depend on a number of factors, including patient age, presence of comorbid heart and lung disease, and duration of SVT episodes. […] The history may reveal the likely etiology underlying the SVT. Sinus tachycardia must be considered in the differential diagnosis. […] A 12-lead ECG should be performed in patients who are hemodynamically stable, with special attention to rhythm and rate, atrioventricular conduction (PR interval), RP interval, hypertrophy, pathologic Q waves, prolongation of the QT interval, and any evidence of preexcitation. […] The primary treatment goal for any SVT is its cessation, especially in patients who are at risk hemodynamically and cannot tolerate prolonged tachyarrhythmias. […] Short-term or urgent management of SVT can be separated into pharmacologic and nonpharmacologic strategies.

• #95 Diagnosis and management of supraventricular tachycardias

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5135523/

  Electrophysiologic study with the option of radiofrequency catheter ablation is useful for the diagnosis and potential treatment of SVT. Catheter ablation of the slow pathway is recommended in patients with AVNRT. Catheter ablation is recommended in patients with symptomatic focal atrial tachycardia as an alternative to pharmacologic treatment. Catheter ablation of the accessory pathway is recommended in patients with AVRT or pre-excited atrial fibrillation. […] In hemodynamically stable patients with SVT, once the ECG is obtained, a diagnostic and therapeutic trial of a vagal manoeuvre is recommended under continuous ECG monitoring. In patients with AVRT or AVNRT, the vagal manoeuvre may terminate the circuit and restore normal sinus rhythm. […] All patients with symptomatic or recurrent episodes of AVNRT, AVRT, atrial flutter or atrial tachycardia should be referred for consideration of radiofrequency catheter ablation as first-line treatment. For patients with symptomatic AVNRT, referral to an electrophysiologist is strongly suggested for confirmation of the diagnosis and possible ablation.

• #96 Supraventricular tachycardia – Symptoms and causes – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/supraventricular-tachycardia/symptoms-causes/syc-20355243

  Supraventricular tachycardia (SVT) is a type of irregular heartbeat, also called an arrhythmia. […] Supraventricular tachycardia (SVT) falls into three main groups: Atrioventricular nodal reentrant tachycardia (AVNRT), Atrioventricular reciprocating tachycardia (AVRT), and Atrial tachycardia. […] Supraventricular tachycardia (SVT) is caused by faulty signaling in the heart. […] In SVT, a change in heart signaling causes the heartbeat to start too early in the heart’s upper chambers. […] Supraventricular tachycardia (SVT) is the most common type of arrhythmia in infants and children. […] Health conditions or treatments that may increase the risk of supraventricular tachycardia include coronary artery disease, heart valve disease and other heart diseases, heart failure, and a heart problem present at birth. […] A severe attack of SVT may cause fainting or a sudden loss of all heart activity, called sudden cardiac arrest. […] The same lifestyle changes used to manage supraventricular tachycardia (SVT) also may help prevent it.

• #97 Paroxysmal Supraventricular Tachycardia: Background, Etiology, Epidemiology

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/156670-overview

  Patients with WPW syndrome may be at risk for cardiac arrest if they develop atrial fibrillation or atrial flutter in the presence of a rapidly conducting accessory pathway (ie, a pathway with a short anterograde refractory period). Extremely rapid ventricular rates during atrial fibrillation or atrial flutter can cause deterioration to ventricular fibrillation. This complication is unusual and occurs primarily in patients who have had prior symptoms due to WPW syndrome. Sudden death may be the initial presentation of WPW syndrome, but how often this occurs is unclear. In the absence of manifest preexcitation (ie, WPW syndrome), the risk of sudden death with paroxysmal SVT is extremely small.

• #98 Diagnosis and management of supraventricular tachycardias

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5135523/

  Electrophysiologic study with the option of radiofrequency catheter ablation is useful for the diagnosis and potential treatment of SVT. Catheter ablation of the slow pathway is recommended in patients with AVNRT. Catheter ablation is recommended in patients with symptomatic focal atrial tachycardia as an alternative to pharmacologic treatment. Catheter ablation of the accessory pathway is recommended in patients with AVRT or pre-excited atrial fibrillation. […] In hemodynamically stable patients with SVT, once the ECG is obtained, a diagnostic and therapeutic trial of a vagal manoeuvre is recommended under continuous ECG monitoring. In patients with AVRT or AVNRT, the vagal manoeuvre may terminate the circuit and restore normal sinus rhythm. […] All patients with symptomatic or recurrent episodes of AVNRT, AVRT, atrial flutter or atrial tachycardia should be referred for consideration of radiofrequency catheter ablation as first-line treatment. For patients with symptomatic AVNRT, referral to an electrophysiologist is strongly suggested for confirmation of the diagnosis and possible ablation.

• #99 Paroxysmal Supraventricular Tachycardia (SVT, PSVT) – Heart and Blood Vessel Disorders – Merck Manual Consumer Version

  https://www.merckmanuals.com/home/heart-and-blood-vessel-disorders/abnormal-heart-rhythms/paroxysmal-supraventricular-tachycardia-svt-psvt

  Paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia (also called reentrant supraventricular tachycardia) is a regular, fast (160 to 220 beats per minute) heart rate that begins and ends suddenly and originates in heart tissue other than that in the ventricles. […] The doctor confirms the diagnosis by doing electrocardiography (ECG). […] If these maneuvers are not effective, if the arrhythmia causes severe symptoms, or if the episode lasts more than 20 minutes, people are advised to seek medical intervention to stop the episode. Doctors can usually stop an episode promptly by giving an intravenous injection of a medication, usually adenosine, verapamil, or diltiazem. […] Preventing an episode is more difficult than treating an episode. When episodes are frequent or bothersome, doctors usually recommend catheter ablation. For this procedure, radiowaves, laser pulses, high-voltage electrical current, or cold is delivered through a catheter inserted in the heart. This energy or cold temperature destroys the tissue in which paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia originates. […] The following English-language resource may be useful. Please note that The Manual is not responsible for the content of this resource.

• #100 Supraventricular Tachycardias: Causes, Symptoms, and Treatment

  https://patient.info/doctor/supraventricular-tachycardia-in-adults

  Supraventricular tachycardia (SVT) generally refers to atrioventricular nodal re-entry tachycardia (AVNRT), atrioventricular re-entry tachycardia (AVRT) and atrial tachycardia. […] SVT is usually paroxysmal (PSVT) and episodes may occur regularly or very infrequently (sometimes years apart). […] The prevalence of SVT is 2.25/1,000 persons and the incidence is 35/100,000 person-years. […] Symptoms vary with the ventricular rate and duration of the SVT. Symptoms are more likely in those with underlying heart disease. […] An ECG should be performed as soon as possible. […] Radiofrequency catheter ablation is indicated in the following situations: As first-line therapy as a curative option. […] All patients with WPW syndrome should be referred to a cardiac electrophysiologist. […] Prognosis is dependent on any underlying structural heart disease. […] Patients with a structurally normal heart have an excellent prognosis.

• #101 Supraventricular tachycardia – Knowledge @ AMBOSS

  https://www.amboss.com/us/knowledge/supraventricular-tachycardia/

  Supraventricular tachycardias (SVTs) are a group of tachyarrhythmias arising from abnormalities in pacemaker activity and/or conduction involving myocytes of the atria and/or AV node. […] Common diagnostic steps include obtaining the patient’s history and a 12-lead ECG to identify the type of SVT. The paroxysmal nature of SVTs means that continuous recording with a Holter monitor is often needed to confirm the diagnosis; in some cases, invasive electrophysiological studies (EP studies) may also be indicated. […] Confirm the rhythm with a 12-lead ECG in all patients with new or recurrent SVT. […] Once the diagnosis is confirmed by ECG, do not delay acute management of SVT for additional investigations. […] ECG: A 12-lead ECG should be performed in every patient with suspected SVT. […] If findings are inconclusive, consider recording the heart’s electrical activity for 24-48 hours (e.g., Holter monitor, event recorder). […] EP study: with or without catheter ablation (Gold standard for diagnosing SVT; can be used for treatment).

• #102 Supraventricular Tachycardia: Electrocardiogram Diagnosis and Clinical Management for the Non-electrophysiologist – touchCARDIOLOGY

  https://touchcardio.com/arrhythmia/journal-articles/supraventricular-tachycardia-electrocardiogram-diagnosis-and-clinical-management-for-the-non-electrophysiologist/

  Supraventricular tachycardia (SVT) is a common cause of hospital admissions and should be correctly diagnosed and treated by any physician involved. […] Diagnosis and clinical management of SVT have been the focus of recent European Society of Cardiology guidelines, covering 65 pages, with additional supplemental material. […] Overall, documentation of the tachycardia in a 12-lead electrocardiogram (ECG) is of prime importance. […] Recording of a 12-lead ECG is crucial during ongoing tachycardia in stable patients. […] Patients with SVT and haemodynamic instability should be electrically cardioverted. […] In stable patients, vagal manoeuvres or adenosine are the first recommended steps in the management of ongoing SVTs and narrow (120 ms QRS duration) or wide (120 ms QRS duration) complexes. […] Vagal manoeuvres should be applied to diagnose or terminate SVT while recording a 12-lead ECG. […] In general, catheter ablation is recommended and preferred over medical therapy for treatment of SVT.

• #103 Supraventricular Tachycardia: Electrocardiogram Diagnosis and Clinical Management for the Non-electrophysiologist – touchCARDIOLOGY

  https://touchcardio.com/arrhythmia/journal-articles/supraventricular-tachycardia-electrocardiogram-diagnosis-and-clinical-management-for-the-non-electrophysiologist/

  Supraventricular tachycardia (SVT) is a common cause of hospital admissions and should be correctly diagnosed and treated by any physician involved. […] Diagnosis and clinical management of SVT have been the focus of recent European Society of Cardiology guidelines, covering 65 pages, with additional supplemental material. […] Overall, documentation of the tachycardia in a 12-lead electrocardiogram (ECG) is of prime importance. […] Recording of a 12-lead ECG is crucial during ongoing tachycardia in stable patients. […] Patients with SVT and haemodynamic instability should be electrically cardioverted. […] In stable patients, vagal manoeuvres or adenosine are the first recommended steps in the management of ongoing SVTs and narrow (120 ms QRS duration) or wide (120 ms QRS duration) complexes. […] Vagal manoeuvres should be applied to diagnose or terminate SVT while recording a 12-lead ECG. […] In general, catheter ablation is recommended and preferred over medical therapy for treatment of SVT.

• #104 Diagnosis and management of supraventricular tachycardias

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5135523/

  Supraventricular tachycardias are common among patients in the emergency department and in the office. Prompt recognition of the specific type of arrhythmia is essential to determine therapeutic management. All patients with symptomatic SVT should be referred to a cardiologist for assessment and management.

• #105 Diagnosis and management of supraventricular tachycardias

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5135523/

  Supraventricular tachycardias are common among patients in the emergency department and in the office. Prompt recognition of the specific type of arrhythmia is essential to determine therapeutic management. All patients with symptomatic SVT should be referred to a cardiologist for assessment and management.

• #106 Supraventricular Tachycardias: Causes, Symptoms, and Treatment

  https://patient.info/doctor/supraventricular-tachycardia-in-adults

  Supraventricular tachycardia (SVT) generally refers to atrioventricular nodal re-entry tachycardia (AVNRT), atrioventricular re-entry tachycardia (AVRT) and atrial tachycardia. […] SVT is usually paroxysmal (PSVT) and episodes may occur regularly or very infrequently (sometimes years apart). […] The prevalence of SVT is 2.25/1,000 persons and the incidence is 35/100,000 person-years. […] Symptoms vary with the ventricular rate and duration of the SVT. Symptoms are more likely in those with underlying heart disease. […] An ECG should be performed as soon as possible. […] Radiofrequency catheter ablation is indicated in the following situations: As first-line therapy as a curative option. […] All patients with WPW syndrome should be referred to a cardiac electrophysiologist. […] Prognosis is dependent on any underlying structural heart disease. […] Patients with a structurally normal heart have an excellent prognosis.

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