Materiały źródłowe

• #1 Itchy skin (pruritus) – Symptoms and causes – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/itchy-skin/symptoms-causes/syc-20355006

  Itchy skin is an irritating sensation that makes you want to scratch. It’s also called pruritus (proo-RIE-tus). Itchy skin is often caused by dry skin and is common in older adults, as skin tends to become drier with age. […] Many people find relief with self-care measures such as moisturizers, gentle cleansers and lukewarm baths. Long-term relief requires identifying and treating the cause of itchy skin. Common treatments are medicated creams, moist dressings and anti-itch medicines taken by mouth. […] See your health care provider or a skin disease specialist (dermatologist) if the itching: Lasts more than two weeks and doesn’t improve with self-care measures. […] Itchy skin that is severe or lasts more than six weeks can affect the quality of your life. This type is called chronic pruritus. It might disturb your sleep or cause anxiety or depression. Prolonged itching and scratching can increase the intensity of the itch, possibly leading to skin injury, infection and scarring.

• #2 Pruritus: Causes & Treatments for Itchy Skin

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/11879-pruritus

  Pruritus is the medical term for itchiness. The condition causes you to feel the need to scratch your skin to get relief. Treatment varies based on what caused your skin to itch. […] Pruritus can be a symptom of an underlying condition. It has many possible causes; the most common being contacting an allergen, dry skin, pregnancy and your body’s reaction to a medication. Pruritus can be chronic if your itching persists for six weeks or more. […] Pruritus causes your skin to feel itchy. This can be an uncomfortable or bothersome sensation that will only resolve if you scratch your skin. […] If your skin is frequently itchy, contact a healthcare provider. […] The main symptom of pruritus is an itch. An itch is a feeling or uncomfortable sensation that causes you to scratch your skin to get relief. Scratching the itch doesn’t always provide relief.

• #3 Assessing and Treating Itch | Ausmed

  https://www.ausmed.com/learn/articles/assessing-and-treating-itch

  Across clinical settings, pruritus (or itch) challenges care outcomes, can be hard to treat, and impacts quality of life, mental health and mortality. […] Assessing and treating itch as early as possible is an important facet of effective patient care. […] Determining the underlying cause of pruritus and individualizing treatment will require a nursing assessment, which should include a full history as well as a skin examination. […] The first line of management for mild, localized pruritus is topical therapies. Systemic strategies are added depending on severity and extent. […] Individual evaluation with considered methodical care and management will help to aid this complex issue and provide much-needed relief to your patient.

• #4 Diagnosis and treatment of pruritus

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5729138/

  Pruritus is the most common cutaneous symptom, yet it is difficult to diagnose and manage. […] The dominant causes of generalized itch are xerosis and eczema. Most patients will improve with nonpharmacologic therapy including frequent moisturization. […] Whenever possible, treatment should be directed at the primary cause of itch. Nonpharmacologic, topical, and systemic therapies are available. […] Many patients will benefit from nonpharmacologic therapies including frequent moisturization, avoiding overbathing, behavioural therapy, and breaking the itch-scratch cycle. Various topical and systemic therapies are available that could help patients who do not benefit from nonpharmacologic measures. […] The approach described allows for a streamlined assessment and accurate differentiation of most patients with itch in primary care.

• #5 Pruritus diagnosis and treatment | Nursing in Practice

  https://www.nursinginpractice.com/clinical/pruritus-diagnosis-and-treatment/

  Pruritus is a common and distressing symptom of many dermatological, systemic and psychological disorders. […] The management of pruritus will be dependent on the underlying cause and diagnosis. Symptomatic measures may be appropriate in patients where no cause can be identified or treated. […] Regardless of the underlying disease, symptom relief is most important to patients. […] Simple measures should be adopted initially such as: Avoiding factors that may contribute to skin dryness such as overheating, hot baths, and soaps, shower and bath products. […] Using emollients for dry skin, including for washing, bathing and showering. […] Patting the skin instead of scratching and keeping nails short. […] Using anti-itch creams containing a moisturiser and additional ingredients such as crotamiton, lauromacrogols, menthol and doxepin is possible.

• #6 Pruritus in the elderly – a guide to assessment and management

  https://www.racgp.org.au/afp/2014/october/pruritus-in-the-elderly-a-guide-to-assessment-and

  Pruritus is the most common skin complaint in patients over the age of 65 years. These patients are in a unique population group that will require a comprehensive clinical approach. The symptoms of pruritus can be potentially debilitating and can have a significant impact on elderly patients by impairing their quality of life. […] Pruritus in the elderly population remains both a diagnostic and therapeutic challenge. In the first instance, it has to be established whether the pruritus is arising from a primary dermatological condition or whether it is a manifestation of an underlying systemic disease. […] Apart from lifestyle modifications, emollients, topical antipruritics (eg menthol 1% in aqueous cream), oral antihistamines, topical corticosteroids and phototherapy may prove useful.

• #7

  https://bpac.org.nz/bpj/2014/september/dryskin.aspx

  As skin ages, increased transepidermal water loss leads to dry skin (xerosis) and reduced barrier function. Dry skin is often itchy and prone to dermatitis. […] Older patients should be asked regularly about skin symptoms and periodically examined for signs of poor skin health. […] Encourage older patients to use emollients (which hydrate and soften the skin) and to avoid products which irritate the skin, e.g. standard soap, to improve skin health. […] In older people, dry skin is frequently associated with pruritus due to the reduced lipid content in the skin, the decreased production of sweat and sebum, and diminished vascular perfusion. […] Dry skin and pruritus commonly occur without a visible inflammatory rash and are sometimes referred to as winter itch or seventh age itch. […] Scratching can lead to secondary dermatitis with dry scaly plaques (lichen simplex).

• #8 Pruritus (itching) – BAD Patient Hub

  https://www.skinhealthinfo.org.uk/condition/pruritus/

  Pruritus (itching) refers to a sensation of the skin which causes a desire to scratch. […] Pruritus may be localised to one area or generalized all over the skin. […] Generalised pruritus without rash (especially in people over 65 years of age) is most commonly caused by dry skin. […] The management of pruritus without rash depends on the treatment of any underlying disease. […] Treating dry skin can improve pruritus but the treatment will need to be ongoing. […] Moisturisers (emollients): These should be applied several times every day to help the outer layer of your skin function better as a barrier to the outside world. […] Emollients (moisturisers). People with pruritus usually have dry skin, and therefore emollients may help to moisturise dry skin. They ease itching, reduce scaling, soften cracked areas and help the penetration of other topical treatments.

• #9 Itchy skin (pruritus) – Symptoms and causes – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/itchy-skin/symptoms-causes/syc-20355006

  Itchy skin is an irritating sensation that makes you want to scratch. It’s also called pruritus (proo-RIE-tus). Itchy skin is often caused by dry skin and is common in older adults, as skin tends to become drier with age. […] Many people find relief with self-care measures such as moisturizers, gentle cleansers and lukewarm baths. Long-term relief requires identifying and treating the cause of itchy skin. Common treatments are medicated creams, moist dressings and anti-itch medicines taken by mouth. […] See your health care provider or a skin disease specialist (dermatologist) if the itching: Lasts more than two weeks and doesn’t improve with self-care measures. […] Itchy skin that is severe or lasts more than six weeks can affect the quality of your life. This type is called chronic pruritus. It might disturb your sleep or cause anxiety or depression. Prolonged itching and scratching can increase the intensity of the itch, possibly leading to skin injury, infection and scarring.

• #10 Pruritus: Causes & Treatments for Itchy Skin

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/11879-pruritus

  Pruritus will cause skin irritation and discomfort that can make it difficult for you to sleep. […] Sometimes, pruritus can be persistent (chronic) and last for more than six weeks or it can be a sign of an underlying condition. […] Contact your healthcare provider if: You have itchiness that lasts longer than a couple of weeks. […] Treat your itchy skin at home by using moisturizer, anti-itch creams, applying a cold compress or taking a warm bath.

• #11 Itchy skin (pruritus): Causes, treatment, and home remedies

  https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/311473

  Pruritus is another name for itchy skin. There are many possible causes, ranging from eczema and dry skin to bed bugs, fungal infections, liver disease, and anxiety. […] Itchy skin can be the result of a rash or another skin condition. It can also be a symptom of a more serious condition such as liver disease or kidney failure. […] It is important to identify the problem and treat the underlying cause to get relief. […] A good moisturizer can usually help relieve symptoms of dry skin. Extremely dry skin can be a warning sign of dermatitis, so it may be necessary to see a dermatologist to help get relief and keep the condition from worsening. […] It is important to seek help to treat very dry skin because cracks in the skin can allow germs to enter and lead to an infection. […] A skin specialist may prescribe a special moisturizer to apply throughout the day or a topical medication to apply directly to the skin.

• #12 Pruritus (Chronic Itchy Skin): Causes and Treatments

  https://www.webmd.com/skin-problems-and-treatments/skin-conditions-pruritus

  Pruritus simply means itching. It can be associated with several disorders, including dry skin, skin disease, pregnancy, and rarely, cancer. […] If you’ve had itchy skin for more than 2 weeks and can’t get relief, or if you have other unusual symptoms, it’s time to call the doctor. […] Anyone can get pruritus, but you’re more prone to get it if you: Have seasonal allergies, hay fever, asthma, or eczema. […] Pruritus makes you want to scratch yourself. Along with an itchy feeling, you may have other symptoms, especially if scratching has damaged your skin. […] Dry skin is the most common cause of pruritus. Contact dermatitis is another main cause. That’s an irritation or reaction that happens because of something that touches your skin, such as chemicals in laundry detergent or metals in jewelry.

• #13

  https://bpac.org.nz/bpj/2014/september/dryskin.aspx

  As skin ages, increased transepidermal water loss leads to dry skin (xerosis) and reduced barrier function. Dry skin is often itchy and prone to dermatitis. […] Older patients should be asked regularly about skin symptoms and periodically examined for signs of poor skin health. […] Encourage older patients to use emollients (which hydrate and soften the skin) and to avoid products which irritate the skin, e.g. standard soap, to improve skin health. […] In older people, dry skin is frequently associated with pruritus due to the reduced lipid content in the skin, the decreased production of sweat and sebum, and diminished vascular perfusion. […] Dry skin and pruritus commonly occur without a visible inflammatory rash and are sometimes referred to as winter itch or seventh age itch. […] Scratching can lead to secondary dermatitis with dry scaly plaques (lichen simplex).

• #14 Pruritus in the elderly – a guide to assessment and management

  https://www.racgp.org.au/afp/2014/october/pruritus-in-the-elderly-a-guide-to-assessment-and

  The most common cause of itchy skin in the elderly, especially in autumn and winter is xerosis or dry skin. This dry skin is quite evident on skin examination, being most pronounced on the lower legs, anteriorly, but also affecting the upper limbs and back. […] Regular use of emollients is the mainstay of treatment in pruritus, aiming to ensure optimal skin hydration and preventing the itch-scratch cycle. Emollients enhance the skin barrier function, preventing transepidermal water loss and entry of irritants. […] For patients with predominant urticarial symptoms a trial of antihistamines may be worthwhile. Topical treatments include antipruritics such as menthol 1% in aqueous cream. Topical corticosteroids can prove effective in managing pruritus, especially when related to an underlying inflammatory or immunological condition.

• #15 Atopic dermatitis Information | Mount Sinai – New York

  https://www.mountsinai.org/health-library/diseases-conditions/atopic-dermatitis

  Atopic dermatitis is a long-term (chronic) skin disorder that involves scaly and itchy rashes. It is a type of eczema. […] Atopic dermatitis is due to a reaction in the skin. The reaction leads to ongoing itching, swelling and redness. […] Intense itching is common. Itching may start even before the rash appears. Atopic dermatitis is often called the „itch that rashes” because the itching

• #16 Pruritus (Chronic Itchy Skin): Causes and Treatments

  https://www.webmd.com/skin-problems-and-treatments/skin-conditions-pruritus

  Pruritus simply means itching. It can be associated with several disorders, including dry skin, skin disease, pregnancy, and rarely, cancer. […] If you’ve had itchy skin for more than 2 weeks and can’t get relief, or if you have other unusual symptoms, it’s time to call the doctor. […] Anyone can get pruritus, but you’re more prone to get it if you: Have seasonal allergies, hay fever, asthma, or eczema. […] Pruritus makes you want to scratch yourself. Along with an itchy feeling, you may have other symptoms, especially if scratching has damaged your skin. […] Dry skin is the most common cause of pruritus. Contact dermatitis is another main cause. That’s an irritation or reaction that happens because of something that touches your skin, such as chemicals in laundry detergent or metals in jewelry.

• #17 Pruritus: Diagnosis and Management | AAFP

  https://www.aafp.org/pubs/afp/issues/2022/0100/p55.html

  Pruritus is the sensation of itching; it can be caused by dermatologic and systemic conditions. A thorough skin examination, including visualization of the finger webs, anogenital region, nails, and scalp, is essential. General management includes trigger avoidance, liberal emollient use, limiting water exposure, and administration of oral antihistamines and topical corticosteroids. […] When inadequately treated, pruritus can adversely affect a patient’s quality of life by altering mood, stress levels, and sleep. […] The physical examination for pruritus should include a complete dermatologic assessment. […] Encourage liberal use of emollients and limiting water exposure to reduce dry skin. […] Initial specific pharmacotherapy may include oral antihistamines for histamine-associated pruritic disorders or topical corticosteroids for pruritus associated with inflammatory dermatoses. […] Frequent follow-up is recommended to assess responses to treatment modalities.

• #18 Itchy Skin (Pruritus): Causes and Treatments

  https://www.verywellhealth.com/itching-causes-relief-83208

  There are many different causes of itchy skin (also called pruritus). […] This article discusses what can cause itchy skin, how it’s diagnosed, and treatment options to provide relief. […] Itchy skin is a symptom of several skin disorders, including: Atopic dermatitis, Eczema, Psoriasis, Seborrheic dermatitis, Skin Cancer, Impetigo (a bacterial infection of the skin). […] Itchy skin can be a symptom of several underlying health conditions, such as: A blood disease, such as Hodgkins lymphoma or cutaneous T-cell lymphoma, Diabetes, Kidney disease, Liver disease, Viral infections, such as mononucleosis, shingles or chickenpox, HIV, Hyperthyroidism (overactive thyroid gland), Stroke, Multiple sclerosis, Folliculitis, Hand-foot-and-mouth disease, Urticaria (hives), Pregnancy, Cholestasis (the reduction or stoppage of bile flow in the liver).

• #19 Itchy Skin (Pruritus): Causes and Treatments

  https://www.verywellhealth.com/itching-causes-relief-83208

  There are many different causes of itchy skin (also called pruritus). […] This article discusses what can cause itchy skin, how it’s diagnosed, and treatment options to provide relief. […] Itchy skin is a symptom of several skin disorders, including: Atopic dermatitis, Eczema, Psoriasis, Seborrheic dermatitis, Skin Cancer, Impetigo (a bacterial infection of the skin). […] Itchy skin can be a symptom of several underlying health conditions, such as: A blood disease, such as Hodgkins lymphoma or cutaneous T-cell lymphoma, Diabetes, Kidney disease, Liver disease, Viral infections, such as mononucleosis, shingles or chickenpox, HIV, Hyperthyroidism (overactive thyroid gland), Stroke, Multiple sclerosis, Folliculitis, Hand-foot-and-mouth disease, Urticaria (hives), Pregnancy, Cholestasis (the reduction or stoppage of bile flow in the liver).

• #20 Pruritus

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC2924137/

  Pruritus is among the most common dermatological complaints. […] Pruritus, or itching, is a frequent complaint heard by dermatologists and primary care physicians. […] Dermatologists and primary care physicians must be aware of the varied causes of itching. […] Xerosis, or dry skin, by itself is a cause of significant pruritus. […] A particularly common problem in the elderly, xerosis may be exacerbated by environmental factors, such as cold air, low humidity, or central heating. […] A common, easily missed, and treatable condition is scabies, a fiercely pruritic disorder caused by the mite Sarcoptes scabiei. […] The diagnosis is made by identifying the mite from skin scrapings or biopsy. Treatment involves overnight application of permethrin cream or other antiscabetic preparations.

• #21 Itching – Liver Foundation

  https://liver.org.au/your-liver/symptoms/itching/

  Itching is a symptom of liver disease. You might itch anywhere on your body, but it’s most common on the arms and legs, or the palms of your hands or soles of your feet. Some people itch all over. Itching in liver disease can vary from mild to exhausting. […] If your itching is caused by a liver problem, there won’t be a skin rash or an insect bite. But constant scratching can damage the skin. […] The more severe the disease, the worse the itching gets. You might notice it’s worse in heat, including a hot bath, at night, or when you wear certain clothes. […] The medical word for itching is pruritus. […] The cause of the itching depends on what liver disease you have. Itching is most common in people with (PBC), primary sclerosing cholangitis, or liver problems connected with pregnancy.

• #22 Itching – Liver Foundation

  https://liver.org.au/your-liver/symptoms/itching/

  The exact cause of itching in liver disease is not fully understood. It is thought to be due to a number of factors. The build-up of bile salts in the blood stream irritates the nerves in the skin, leading to the sensation of itching. Other chemicals in the blood can be altered if your liver isn’t working properly, such as histamine, serotonin, female sex hormones and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and may contribute to itching. Dryness of the skin may make the itching worse. […] The most important thing is to try not to scratch. Cover the itchy place with clothes or wear gloves, and keep your nails short so you don’t break the skin. […] If the itching is really bothering you, your doctor can give you medicine to help. […] But if the itching is interfering with your sleep or daily life, it’s important to see a doctor as they can treat it.

• #23 Pruritus (chronic itchy skin) – Symptoms, causes, treatments | National Kidney Foundation

  https://www.kidney.org/kidney-topics/pruritus-itchy-skin

  Pruritus is very itchy skin that is most common in patients with advanced CKD and end-stage kidney disease (ESKD), but which can also happen in the early stages of CKD. Pruritus can bother patients a lot and get in the way of daily life. Scratching to stop the itch can harm the skin, so finding the right treatments is very important. […] The diagnosis of pruritus requires a team effort that centers on the patients report of their symptoms. Healthcare professionals may choose to do a skin exam, assess common dialysis lab values, and try topical treatments in order to pinpoint the diagnosis. […] Patients on dialysis should be treated for high PTH, phosphorus, and magnesium levels in the blood. This may include certain medicines, increasing dialysis treatment times, and/or changing the type of dialysis filter or dialysis prescription. All patients should start with topical treatments that are rubbed on top of the skin, including emollients, which are creams and lotions that soothe and moisten the skin, and/or analgesics, which are creams and lotions that relieve pain and itching.

• #24 What Is Pruritus? | Fresenius Kidney Care

  https://www.freseniuskidneycare.com/thrive-central/what-is-pruritus

  Pruritus is the medical term for itchy skin. There are many causes for pruritus, including dry skin, irritation, allergies, and certain medical conditions. […] People with end stage renal disease (ESRD) who are on dialysis frequently experience pruritus, which can be uncomfortable. […] Good skin care routines can help your skin stay healthy and may reduce or avoid itchiness. […] For dry, itchy skin, review these tips for healthier skin and to avoid the itch. […] Use moisturizing cream or ointment one to four times a day to help combat dry skin and possibly relieve itchiness. […] In addition to maintaining a healthy skin care routine, people with pruritus may want to investigate medications to manage their symptoms. […] Korsuva is the first FDA-approved drug specifically targeted toward relieving moderate to severe pruritus for people on hemodialysis (HD). […] Pruritus is more than an annoyance. Continued scratching can lead to skin infections that could lead to hospitalization. […] If you are experiencing dry, itchy skin, talk to your care team to better understand your symptoms and determine if a new skin care routine or medication may help.

• #25 What types of cancer can cause itchy skin? | MD Anderson Cancer Center

  https://www.mdanderson.org/cancerwise/what-types-of-cancer-can-cause-itchy-skin.h00-159774867.html

  Itching can be a sign of several types of blood cancers. […] Pruritus may be an associated symptom of cancer. That means it is often an additional symptom of the cancer itself. It’s not necessarily a predictor of cancer. So, if you have itchy skin, it doesn’t mean you will develop cancer. […] Sometimes, cancer treatment can cause rashes and itchy skin. Chemotherapy, opioids, aspirin and antibiotics may cause itching. […] Itchy skin can be frustrating, especially if you don’t know what’s causing it. Itching can be a sign of internal disease, including cancer. We know that patients with certain cancers, namely lymphomas and leukemias, often have associated pruritus, but we have limited data indicating that itchy skin is a predictor of cancer. So, itchy skin alone does not mean you will get cancer. […] See a doctor if you have persistent itchy skin and you develop other concerning symptoms. They can figure out what’s causing the symptoms and get you the proper treatment.

• #26 Can itchy skin be a sign of leukaemia?

  https://www.leukaemiacare.org.uk/support-and-information/latest-from-leukaemia-care/blog/can-itchy-skin-be-a-sign-of-leukaemia/

  Medically known as pruritis, itchy skin is a problem we are all familiar with. It can become very irritating, especially if the underlying cause is unclear. […] According to our patient survey Living Well with Leukaemia, around 9% of people with leukaemia will experience itchy skin as a symptom prior to their diagnosis. […] If your skin isnt dry and you cant find an obvious cause of your persistent itching, make sure you mention it to your GP. […] Itching occurs alongside other symptoms of leukaemia. […] The exact reason people with leukaemia or lymphoma sometimes develop itchy skin is not conclusively proven and is up for debate in scientific literature. […] Itching is one of the most common symptoms of this disorder, experienced by approximately 40% of patients. […] In most cases, itchy skin is nothing to be concerned about. However, if your itchy skin is long-lasting, all over your body and you cant put your finger on an obvious cause, make sure to make an appointment with your GP. […] It is unlikely that itchy skin will occur on its own as a symptom of leukaemia. Knowing what other symptoms are typical of leukaemia is crucial for helping you to make the decision to visit your GP sooner for a blood test.

• #27 Itchy skin

  https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/itchy-skin/

  Itchy skin is not usually a sign of anything serious. You can often treat it yourself and it will usually go away after a few weeks. […] A pharmacist can tell you what the best products are for itchy skin. For example, medicines called antihistamines may help with some causes of itching. […] A GP might prescribe creams, lotions or tablets, depending on what’s causing the itching. […] Itchy skin has many possible causes. If you have other symptoms (such as a rash or swelling) this might help to find the cause. […] Itchy skin is common during pregnancy. […] Its usually nothing to worry about but its important to check with a GP or midwife because it can sometimes be caused by a liver condition called intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy (ICP). […] Less commonly, itchy skin can be a sign of a more serious condition, such as thyroid, liver or kidney problems.

• #28 Itchy Skin (Pruritus): Causes and Treatments

  https://www.verywellhealth.com/itching-causes-relief-83208

  There are many different causes of itchy skin (also called pruritus). […] This article discusses what can cause itchy skin, how it’s diagnosed, and treatment options to provide relief. […] Itchy skin is a symptom of several skin disorders, including: Atopic dermatitis, Eczema, Psoriasis, Seborrheic dermatitis, Skin Cancer, Impetigo (a bacterial infection of the skin). […] Itchy skin can be a symptom of several underlying health conditions, such as: A blood disease, such as Hodgkins lymphoma or cutaneous T-cell lymphoma, Diabetes, Kidney disease, Liver disease, Viral infections, such as mononucleosis, shingles or chickenpox, HIV, Hyperthyroidism (overactive thyroid gland), Stroke, Multiple sclerosis, Folliculitis, Hand-foot-and-mouth disease, Urticaria (hives), Pregnancy, Cholestasis (the reduction or stoppage of bile flow in the liver).

• #29 Itchy Skin (Pruritus): Causes, Symptoms, and Treatment

  https://www.health.com/condition/hepatitis-c/itchy-skin-causes

  Again, moisturizing is key. So is making sure you’re getting the best treatment for your kidney disease. […] Itching is common in those with chronic liver diseases, which include autoimmune liver diseases, chronic viral hepatitis (mainly hepatitis C), and liver injuries caused by drugs. […] The itching can be mild or severe, widespread or limited to certain areas (like the palms of the hands or soles of the feet). […] Itching related to liver disease tends to be worse before your period when you’re under stress and at night. […] People with diabetes are more likely to have dry, itchy skin due to high blood sugar. […] Using mild soap and other skincare products along with not staying too long in the bath or shower can help. Be sure to moisturize, moisturize, moisturize and if problems get worse, talk to a healthcare provider.

• #30 Itchy skin

  https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/itchy-skin/

  Itchy skin is not usually a sign of anything serious. You can often treat it yourself and it will usually go away after a few weeks. […] A pharmacist can tell you what the best products are for itchy skin. For example, medicines called antihistamines may help with some causes of itching. […] A GP might prescribe creams, lotions or tablets, depending on what’s causing the itching. […] Itchy skin has many possible causes. If you have other symptoms (such as a rash or swelling) this might help to find the cause. […] Itchy skin is common during pregnancy. […] Its usually nothing to worry about but its important to check with a GP or midwife because it can sometimes be caused by a liver condition called intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy (ICP). […] Less commonly, itchy skin can be a sign of a more serious condition, such as thyroid, liver or kidney problems.

• #31 Pruritus (itch) – without a rash

  https://www.pcds.org.uk/clinical-guidance/pruritus-without-a-rash

  Generalised itch in the absence of any obvious dermatological condition is a very common problem with a prevalence of approximately 17% in adults and perhaps 50% or higher in the elderly. There are many causes and a logical approach is required to help formulate a diagnosis and management plan. […] Medications can sometimes be responsible for itch. The difficulty is confirming whether or not a particular drug is the primary cause for a patient’s symptoms. Some of the drugs most commonly implicated in pruritus include morphine and other opioids, statins, ACEI, NSAIDs, digoxin, antimalarials and sulphonamides. The only way of knowing if the drug is responsible is by discontinuing the medication for a few weeks (if possible) and seeing if symptoms improve. […] A common cause of pruritus, especially in the elderly in winter. Signs may be subtle, look closely for fine scale. Treatment is with copious amounts of moisturisers, preferably ointments.

• #32 10 reasons your skin itches uncontrollably and how to get relief

  https://www.aad.org/public/everyday-care/itchy-skin/itch-relief/relieve-uncontrollably-itchy-skin

  Everyone gets itchy skin, but an itch that doesnt go away can be irritating. […] To get relief and prevent more itch, board-certified dermatologists say you should try not to scratch. […] The best way to get an accurate diagnosis is to see a board-certified dermatologist. […] To help patients get relief, heres what dermatologists recommend: […] Getting an accurate diagnosis and treatment may relieve the itch. […] A dermatologist often plays a key role in diagnosing these diseases because itch can be the only symptom. […] If you develop an allergic reaction, youll likely have a rash and an uncontrollable itch. […] Because itchy skin has many causes, its best to see a board-certified dermatologist to find out why your skin itches. […] If the itch is due to dry skin, your dermatologist may recommend making some skin care changes and using generous amounts of moisturizer. […] If you cannot figure out whats causing your itch, a board-certified dermatologist can help.

• #33 Itchy Skin (Pruritus): Causes and Treatments

  https://www.verywellhealth.com/itching-causes-relief-83208

  Itching can be a significant symptom of several psychiatric conditions, including depression, anxiety, obsessive-compulsive disorders, psychoses, and substance use. […] Treatment for itchy skin starts by identifying the underlying cause, whether a skin condition, an allergic reaction, or a disease that affects more than one body system (a systemic disease). […] The best way to stop an itch is to treat the cause. But sometimes, that takes time. Until the underlying problem is corrected, you may need treatment to control the itch and reduce the itch-scratch cycle. […] Some lotions, creams, and medications can help reduce itchiness. […] If you continue to experience itchy skin, you should schedule an appointment with your healthcare provider. […] Itchy skin—or pruritus—can have a variety of causes, from contact with a skin irritant (like wool) to a more serious condition, so it’s important to understand the reason behind your need to scratch.

• #34 About Swimmer’s Itch | Swimmer’s Itch (Cercarial Dermatitis) | CDC

  https://www.cdc.gov/swimmers-itch/about/index.html

  Swimmers itch, or cercarial dermatitis, appears as a skin rash caused by an allergic reaction to certain microscopic parasites found in fresh and salt water. […] Symptoms can include tingling, burning, or itching of the skin. […] Within minutes to days after swimming in contaminated water, you may experience tingling, burning, or itching of the skin. […] Scratching the areas may result in secondary bacterial infections. […] Itching may last up to a week or more but will gradually go away. […] Because swimmers itch is caused by an allergic reaction to infection, the more often you swim or wade in contaminated water, the more likely you are to develop more serious symptoms. […] Most cases of swimmers itch do not require medical attention. […] If you have a rash, you may try the following for relief: Use corticosteroid cream, apply cool compresses to the affected areas, bathe in Epsom salts or baking soda, soak in colloidal oatmeal baths, apply baking soda paste to the rash, use an anti-itch lotion. […] Though difficult, try not to scratch. Scratching may cause the rash to become infected.

• #35 Pruritus (PDQ®): Supportive care – Patient Information [NCI] | Kaiser Permanente

  https://healthy.kaiserpermanente.org/health-wellness/health-encyclopedia/he.pruritus-pdq%C2%AE-supportive-care-patient-information-nci.ncicdr0000062805

  Pruritus is an itchy feeling that makes you want to scratch your skin. It may occur without a rash or skin lesions. Pruritus sometimes feels like pain because the signals for itching and pain travel along the same nerve pathways. Scratching may cause breaks in the skin, bleeding, and infection. If your skin feels itchy, let your doctor know so it can be treated and relieved. […] Certain cancer treatments may cause pruritus. Cancer treatments that may cause pruritus include chemotherapy, radiation therapy, and immunotherapy (biologic therapy). […] Finding the cause of the itching is the first step in relieving pruritus. […] Treatment of pruritus in cancer patients involves learning what the triggers are and taking steps to avoid them. […] It is important for you and for caregivers to know what triggers itching, such as dry skin or hot baths, so you can take steps to prevent it. You may need more than one type of treatment to relieve or prevent pruritus, protect your skin, and keep you comfortable.

• #36 Itchy skin (pruritus) – Diagnosis and treatment – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/itchy-skin/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20355010

  Diagnosing the cause of itchy skin starts with a physical exam and questions about your medical history. If your health care provider thinks your itchy skin is the result of a medical condition, you might have tests, including: […] Itchy skin treatment focuses on removing the cause of the itch. If home remedies don’t ease your symptoms, your health care provider may recommend prescription medicine or other treatments. Controlling itchy skin symptoms can be challenging and may require long-term therapy. Options include: […] For temporary relief of itching, try these self-care measures: […] Moisturize daily. Apply hypoallergenic and fragrance-free moisturizer (Cetaphil, others) to affected skin at least once a day. For dry skin, thicker creams and ointments work better than lotions. […] Avoid scratching. Cover the itchy area if you can’t keep from scratching it. Trim your nails and, if it helps, wear gloves when you sleep.

• #37 Assessing and Treating Itch | Ausmed

  https://www.ausmed.com/learn/articles/assessing-and-treating-itch

  Across clinical settings, pruritus (or itch) challenges care outcomes, can be hard to treat, and impacts quality of life, mental health and mortality. […] Assessing and treating itch as early as possible is an important facet of effective patient care. […] Determining the underlying cause of pruritus and individualizing treatment will require a nursing assessment, which should include a full history as well as a skin examination. […] The first line of management for mild, localized pruritus is topical therapies. Systemic strategies are added depending on severity and extent. […] Individual evaluation with considered methodical care and management will help to aid this complex issue and provide much-needed relief to your patient.

• #38 Itchy skin (pruritus) – Diagnosis and treatment – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/itchy-skin/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20355010

  You’re likely to start by seeing your primary care provider. Or you may be referred to a specialist in skin diseases (dermatologist). […] List questions to ask your health care provider. For itchy skin, questions you may want to ask include: What is likely causing my symptoms? […] Your health care provider is likely to begin with your medical history and to ask you some questions, such as: When did you begin experiencing symptoms?

• #39 Pruritus: Diagnosis and Management | AAFP

  https://www.aafp.org/pubs/afp/issues/2022/0100/p55.html

  Pruritus is the sensation of itching; it can be caused by dermatologic and systemic conditions. A thorough skin examination, including visualization of the finger webs, anogenital region, nails, and scalp, is essential. General management includes trigger avoidance, liberal emollient use, limiting water exposure, and administration of oral antihistamines and topical corticosteroids. […] When inadequately treated, pruritus can adversely affect a patient’s quality of life by altering mood, stress levels, and sleep. […] The physical examination for pruritus should include a complete dermatologic assessment. […] Encourage liberal use of emollients and limiting water exposure to reduce dry skin. […] Initial specific pharmacotherapy may include oral antihistamines for histamine-associated pruritic disorders or topical corticosteroids for pruritus associated with inflammatory dermatoses. […] Frequent follow-up is recommended to assess responses to treatment modalities.

• #40 Pruritus: Diagnosis and Management | AAFP

  https://www.aafp.org/pubs/afp/issues/2022/0100/p55.html

  Pruritus is the sensation of itching; it can be caused by dermatologic and systemic conditions. A thorough skin examination, including visualization of the finger webs, anogenital region, nails, and scalp, is essential. General management includes trigger avoidance, liberal emollient use, limiting water exposure, and administration of oral antihistamines and topical corticosteroids. […] When inadequately treated, pruritus can adversely affect a patient’s quality of life by altering mood, stress levels, and sleep. […] The physical examination for pruritus should include a complete dermatologic assessment. […] Encourage liberal use of emollients and limiting water exposure to reduce dry skin. […] Initial specific pharmacotherapy may include oral antihistamines for histamine-associated pruritic disorders or topical corticosteroids for pruritus associated with inflammatory dermatoses. […] Frequent follow-up is recommended to assess responses to treatment modalities.

• #41 Pruritus diagnosis and treatment | Nursing in Practice

  https://www.nursinginpractice.com/clinical/pruritus-diagnosis-and-treatment/

  Pruritus is a common and distressing symptom of many dermatological, systemic and psychological disorders. […] The management of pruritus will be dependent on the underlying cause and diagnosis. Symptomatic measures may be appropriate in patients where no cause can be identified or treated. […] Regardless of the underlying disease, symptom relief is most important to patients. […] Simple measures should be adopted initially such as: Avoiding factors that may contribute to skin dryness such as overheating, hot baths, and soaps, shower and bath products. […] Using emollients for dry skin, including for washing, bathing and showering. […] Patting the skin instead of scratching and keeping nails short. […] Using anti-itch creams containing a moisturiser and additional ingredients such as crotamiton, lauromacrogols, menthol and doxepin is possible.

• #42 Itchy skin (pruritus) – Diagnosis and treatment – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/itchy-skin/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20355010

  Diagnosing the cause of itchy skin starts with a physical exam and questions about your medical history. If your health care provider thinks your itchy skin is the result of a medical condition, you might have tests, including: […] Itchy skin treatment focuses on removing the cause of the itch. If home remedies don’t ease your symptoms, your health care provider may recommend prescription medicine or other treatments. Controlling itchy skin symptoms can be challenging and may require long-term therapy. Options include: […] For temporary relief of itching, try these self-care measures: […] Moisturize daily. Apply hypoallergenic and fragrance-free moisturizer (Cetaphil, others) to affected skin at least once a day. For dry skin, thicker creams and ointments work better than lotions. […] Avoid scratching. Cover the itchy area if you can’t keep from scratching it. Trim your nails and, if it helps, wear gloves when you sleep.

• #43 Pruritus: Why Am I Itching? | AAFP

  https://www.aafp.org/pubs/afp/issues/2022/0100/p55-s1.html

  You are older than 65 years […] You have fevers or weight loss. […] Your doctor will ask you about the itching and will examine you. You may need skin tests to help figure out why you are itching. […] Your doctor may prescribe a cream, ointment, or pill to stop the itching or treat a skin infection.

• #44 Pruritus (chronic itchy skin) – Symptoms, causes, treatments | National Kidney Foundation

  https://www.kidney.org/kidney-topics/pruritus-itchy-skin

  Pruritus is very itchy skin that is most common in patients with advanced CKD and end-stage kidney disease (ESKD), but which can also happen in the early stages of CKD. Pruritus can bother patients a lot and get in the way of daily life. Scratching to stop the itch can harm the skin, so finding the right treatments is very important. […] The diagnosis of pruritus requires a team effort that centers on the patients report of their symptoms. Healthcare professionals may choose to do a skin exam, assess common dialysis lab values, and try topical treatments in order to pinpoint the diagnosis. […] Patients on dialysis should be treated for high PTH, phosphorus, and magnesium levels in the blood. This may include certain medicines, increasing dialysis treatment times, and/or changing the type of dialysis filter or dialysis prescription. All patients should start with topical treatments that are rubbed on top of the skin, including emollients, which are creams and lotions that soothe and moisten the skin, and/or analgesics, which are creams and lotions that relieve pain and itching.

• #45 Pruritus (chronic itchy skin) – Symptoms, causes, treatments | National Kidney Foundation

  https://www.kidney.org/kidney-topics/pruritus-itchy-skin

  Talk with your doctor and healthcare team. Tell them about your itching and ask about treatments. You may need to see a skin doctor (dermatologist) or other doctors to find the exact cause of your itching and the best treatments. There is help for pruritus and you should speak up about it. With pruritus, the diagnosis starts with YOU, the patient. This will then lead to treatment that can bring you relief and a better quality of life.

• #46

  https://www.kuh.ku.edu.tr/mayo-clinic-care-network/mayo-clinic-health-information-library/diseases-conditions/itchy-skin-pruritus

  If home remedies don’t ease your symptoms, your health care provider may recommend prescription medicine or other treatments. Controlling itchy skin symptoms can be challenging and may require long-term therapy. Options include: Corticosteroid creams and ointments. If your skin is itchy and inflamed, your health care provider may suggest applying a medicated cream or ointment to the affected areas. […] For temporary relief of itching, try these self-care measures: Avoid items or situations that cause you to itch. Try to identify what’s causing your symptoms and avoid it. […] Moisturize daily. Apply hypoallergenic and fragrance-free moisturizer (Cetaphil, others) to affected skin at least once a day. […] You’re likely to start by seeing your primary care provider. Or you may be referred to a specialist in skin diseases (dermatologist). […] List your symptoms, when they occurred, and how long they lasted. Also, list all medicines, vitamins and herbs you’re taking. Or take the original bottles and a written list of the dosages and directions.

• #47 Itchy skin (pruritus) – Diagnosis and treatment – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/itchy-skin/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20355010

  Diagnosing the cause of itchy skin starts with a physical exam and questions about your medical history. If your health care provider thinks your itchy skin is the result of a medical condition, you might have tests, including: […] Itchy skin treatment focuses on removing the cause of the itch. If home remedies don’t ease your symptoms, your health care provider may recommend prescription medicine or other treatments. Controlling itchy skin symptoms can be challenging and may require long-term therapy. Options include: […] For temporary relief of itching, try these self-care measures: […] Moisturize daily. Apply hypoallergenic and fragrance-free moisturizer (Cetaphil, others) to affected skin at least once a day. For dry skin, thicker creams and ointments work better than lotions. […] Avoid scratching. Cover the itchy area if you can’t keep from scratching it. Trim your nails and, if it helps, wear gloves when you sleep.

• #48 Diagnosis and treatment of pruritus

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5729138/

  Pruritus is the most common cutaneous symptom, yet it is difficult to diagnose and manage. […] The dominant causes of generalized itch are xerosis and eczema. Most patients will improve with nonpharmacologic therapy including frequent moisturization. […] Whenever possible, treatment should be directed at the primary cause of itch. Nonpharmacologic, topical, and systemic therapies are available. […] Many patients will benefit from nonpharmacologic therapies including frequent moisturization, avoiding overbathing, behavioural therapy, and breaking the itch-scratch cycle. Various topical and systemic therapies are available that could help patients who do not benefit from nonpharmacologic measures. […] The approach described allows for a streamlined assessment and accurate differentiation of most patients with itch in primary care.

• #49 Pruritus: Causes & Treatments for Itchy Skin

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/11879-pruritus

  Your provider will diagnose your condition and offer treatment options based on what caused your skin to itch. […] Treatment for pruritus is unique to each person and varies based on what caused your symptoms. Treatment could include: Using a cream, lotion or ointment on your skin. Taking medicine to stop itching. […] You can take steps to treat pruritus at home by: Regularly using creams and lotions to keep your skin moisturized and prevent dry skin. […] Your provider may prescribe medications to treat pruritus, including: Antihistamines. Topical steroids or oral steroids. […] If your itchy skin persists or gets worse after using an anti-itch cream, contact your provider. […] While you can’t prevent all types of pruritus, you can take steps to reduce your risk of getting itchy skin by: Wearing sunscreen when you go outside or wearing UV-protective clothing and accessories.

• #50 Treatments for itchy skin | NHS inform

  https://www.nhsinform.scot/illnesses-and-conditions/skin-hair-and-nails/itchy-skin/treatments-for-itchy-skin/

  The treatment for itching will largely depend on the cause. […] Treatments may be available to help relieve an itch and reduce the risk of skin damage caused by scratching. […] Some lotions, creams and medications can help reduce itchiness. […] Common treatments recommended include: an oily moisturiser or emollient if your skin is dry or flaky, creams containing menthol to cool your skin or anti-itch ingredients such as crotamiton, mild steroid cream (usually for only a few days) for small, inflamed areas hydrocortisone cream is available from pharmacies over the counter, or your GP can prescribe a steroid cream for you, antihistamine tablets to help control allergic reactions check with your pharmacist or GP before using these because they are not suitable for everyone. […] If you have itching in hairy areas such as your scalp, lotions are available specifically for these areas.

• #51 Pruritus (chronic itchy skin) – Symptoms, causes, treatments | National Kidney Foundation

  https://www.kidney.org/kidney-topics/pruritus-itchy-skin

  Pruritus is very itchy skin that is most common in patients with advanced CKD and end-stage kidney disease (ESKD), but which can also happen in the early stages of CKD. Pruritus can bother patients a lot and get in the way of daily life. Scratching to stop the itch can harm the skin, so finding the right treatments is very important. […] The diagnosis of pruritus requires a team effort that centers on the patients report of their symptoms. Healthcare professionals may choose to do a skin exam, assess common dialysis lab values, and try topical treatments in order to pinpoint the diagnosis. […] Patients on dialysis should be treated for high PTH, phosphorus, and magnesium levels in the blood. This may include certain medicines, increasing dialysis treatment times, and/or changing the type of dialysis filter or dialysis prescription. All patients should start with topical treatments that are rubbed on top of the skin, including emollients, which are creams and lotions that soothe and moisten the skin, and/or analgesics, which are creams and lotions that relieve pain and itching.

• #52 Itch, pruritus

  https://dermnetnz.org/topics/pruritus

  In addition to specific therapy for any underlying skin or internal disease, topical treatment may include: Wet dressings or tepid shower to cool the skin, Calamine lotion (contains phenol, which cools the skin): avoid on dry skin and limit use to a few days, Menthol/camphor lotion: gives a chilling sensation, Local anaesthetics, such as pramoxine (also called pramocaine), applied to small itchy spots such as insect bites, Regular use of emollients, especially if skin is dry, Mild topical corticosteroids for short periods, Topical calcineurin inhibitors are also used to reduce itch associated with inflammatory skin conditions, Topical doxepin, a tricyclic antidepressant and antihistamine, is an antipruritic used in eczema. […] If pruritus is severe and sleep is disturbed treatment with oral medication may be necessary. Some drugs may help to relieve the itch whilst others are given solely for their sedative effects. […] The management of chronic severe itch is difficult and often requires the use of combination therapy over a long period of time. Identification and treatment of underlying conditions causing pruritus may help in this process. The symptom may quickly disappear or persist for long periods of time.

• #53 Pruritus in the elderly – a guide to assessment and management

  https://www.racgp.org.au/afp/2014/october/pruritus-in-the-elderly-a-guide-to-assessment-and

  The most common cause of itchy skin in the elderly, especially in autumn and winter is xerosis or dry skin. This dry skin is quite evident on skin examination, being most pronounced on the lower legs, anteriorly, but also affecting the upper limbs and back. […] Regular use of emollients is the mainstay of treatment in pruritus, aiming to ensure optimal skin hydration and preventing the itch-scratch cycle. Emollients enhance the skin barrier function, preventing transepidermal water loss and entry of irritants. […] For patients with predominant urticarial symptoms a trial of antihistamines may be worthwhile. Topical treatments include antipruritics such as menthol 1% in aqueous cream. Topical corticosteroids can prove effective in managing pruritus, especially when related to an underlying inflammatory or immunological condition.

• #54

  https://bpac.org.nz/bpj/2014/september/dryskin.aspx

  Patients with dry skin should apply emollients at least twice daily, ideally within minutes of washing the skin, and at other times if necessary. […] Emollients can hydrate the skin by two mechanisms: Drawing water from the dermis to epidermis due to the presence of humectants, e.g. urea or glycerol and Preventing water from escaping with an oily layer, e.g. ointments. […] Emollients generally have a neutral or low pH which helps to maintain the barrier function of skin, and are also reported to have anti-inflammatory properties. […] The choice of emollient is based on how dry the patients skin is and their preference; patients are most likely to be adherent to a treatment if they are using a preparation they are comfortable with. […] Emollients should be prescribed in sufficient quantity to have an optimal effect, and the amount will vary depending on which areas of the body are affected.

• #55

  https://elsevier.health/en-US/preview/pruritus

  Pruritus is an itchy feeling on the skin. One of the most common causes is dry skin, but many different things can cause itching. Most cases of itching do not require medical attention. Sometimes itchy skin can turn into a rash or a secondary infection. […] Apply moisturizing creams to your skin frequently, at least twice daily. Apply immediately after bathing while skin is still wet. […] Take medicines or apply medicated creams only as told by your health care provider. […] Do not take hot showers or baths, which can make itching worse. A short, cool shower may help with itching as long as you apply moisturizing lotion after the shower. […] Do not scratch your skin. […] Keep a journal to help find out what is causing your itching. […] Contact a health care provider if the itching does not go away after several days.

• #56 Pruritus diagnosis and treatment | Nursing in Practice

  https://www.nursinginpractice.com/clinical/pruritus-diagnosis-and-treatment/

  Pruritus is a common and distressing symptom of many dermatological, systemic and psychological disorders. […] The management of pruritus will be dependent on the underlying cause and diagnosis. Symptomatic measures may be appropriate in patients where no cause can be identified or treated. […] Regardless of the underlying disease, symptom relief is most important to patients. […] Simple measures should be adopted initially such as: Avoiding factors that may contribute to skin dryness such as overheating, hot baths, and soaps, shower and bath products. […] Using emollients for dry skin, including for washing, bathing and showering. […] Patting the skin instead of scratching and keeping nails short. […] Using anti-itch creams containing a moisturiser and additional ingredients such as crotamiton, lauromacrogols, menthol and doxepin is possible.

• #57 Itching – Dermatologic Disorders – Merck Manual Professional Edition

  https://www.merckmanuals.com/professional/dermatologic-disorders/approach-to-the-dermatologic-patient/itching

  Itching due to any cause benefits from use of cool or lukewarm (instead of hot) water when bathing, mild or moisturizing soap, limited bathing duration and frequency, frequent lubrication, humidification of dry air, and avoidance of irritating clothing. […] Topical medications may help localized itching. Options include lotions or creams that contain camphor and/or menthol, pramoxine, capsaicin, or corticosteroids. […] Systemic medications are indicated for generalized itching or local itching resistant to topical agents. Antihistamines, most notably hydroxyzine, are effective, especially for nocturnal itch, and are most commonly used. […] Age-related changes in the immune system and in nerve fibers may contribute to the high prevalence of itch in older adults. […] Xerotic eczema is very common among older adults. […] Severe, diffuse itching in older adults should raise concern for cancer, especially if another etiology is not immediately apparent.

• #58 Treatments for itchy skin | NHS inform

  https://www.nhsinform.scot/illnesses-and-conditions/skin-hair-and-nails/itchy-skin/treatments-for-itchy-skin/

  The treatment for itching will largely depend on the cause. […] Treatments may be available to help relieve an itch and reduce the risk of skin damage caused by scratching. […] Some lotions, creams and medications can help reduce itchiness. […] Common treatments recommended include: an oily moisturiser or emollient if your skin is dry or flaky, creams containing menthol to cool your skin or anti-itch ingredients such as crotamiton, mild steroid cream (usually for only a few days) for small, inflamed areas hydrocortisone cream is available from pharmacies over the counter, or your GP can prescribe a steroid cream for you, antihistamine tablets to help control allergic reactions check with your pharmacist or GP before using these because they are not suitable for everyone. […] If you have itching in hairy areas such as your scalp, lotions are available specifically for these areas.

• #59 Itching – Dermatologic Disorders – Merck Manual Professional Edition

  https://www.merckmanuals.com/professional/dermatologic-disorders/approach-to-the-dermatologic-patient/itching

  Itching due to any cause benefits from use of cool or lukewarm (instead of hot) water when bathing, mild or moisturizing soap, limited bathing duration and frequency, frequent lubrication, humidification of dry air, and avoidance of irritating clothing. […] Topical medications may help localized itching. Options include lotions or creams that contain camphor and/or menthol, pramoxine, capsaicin, or corticosteroids. […] Systemic medications are indicated for generalized itching or local itching resistant to topical agents. Antihistamines, most notably hydroxyzine, are effective, especially for nocturnal itch, and are most commonly used. […] Age-related changes in the immune system and in nerve fibers may contribute to the high prevalence of itch in older adults. […] Xerotic eczema is very common among older adults. […] Severe, diffuse itching in older adults should raise concern for cancer, especially if another etiology is not immediately apparent.

• #60 Pruritus diagnosis and treatment | Nursing in Practice

  https://www.nursinginpractice.com/clinical/pruritus-diagnosis-and-treatment/

  Using topical corticosteroids if there is an inflammatory skin condition. […] Taking antihistamines may help to improve some causes of pruritus. […] Other interventions may include the use of behaviour modification including habit reversal training, phototherapy, the use of systemic medications, which include antidepressants such as tricyclic and SSRIs and anticonvulsants such as gabapentin and pregabalin. […] Although many treatment options are currently available, chronic pruritus remains a therapeutic challenge and often requires the use of combination therapies over a long period of time.

• #61 Pruritus | Palliative Care Network of Wisconsin

  https://www.mypcnow.org/fast-fact/pruritus/

  Topical steroids may be helpful in the presence of skin inflammation. […] Topical tacrolimus has shown benefit in reducing pruritus related to rashes from atopic dermatitis, genitoanal pruritus, and prurigo nodularis. […] Antidepressants: A systematic review of 35 studies showed benefit from initiation of antidepressants in most studies, with overall good tolerability. […] Ondansetron and other 5HT3 antagonists have demonstrated benefit for patients with opioid-induced, cholestasis-induced, and renally-induced pruritus. […] Gabapentin and pregabalin have shown benefit in a variety of forms of refractory chronic pruritus including uremic pruritus, neuropathic pruritus, and itch of unknown origin. […] Opioid Antagonists: Continuous infusions of IV naloxone at low doses (e.g. 0.25-1 ug/kg/hr) has the largest body of data supporting its use in adult and pediatric patients with opioid induced pruritus without inducing opioid withdrawal.

• #62 Itch, pruritus

  https://dermnetnz.org/topics/pruritus

  In addition to specific therapy for any underlying skin or internal disease, topical treatment may include: Wet dressings or tepid shower to cool the skin, Calamine lotion (contains phenol, which cools the skin): avoid on dry skin and limit use to a few days, Menthol/camphor lotion: gives a chilling sensation, Local anaesthetics, such as pramoxine (also called pramocaine), applied to small itchy spots such as insect bites, Regular use of emollients, especially if skin is dry, Mild topical corticosteroids for short periods, Topical calcineurin inhibitors are also used to reduce itch associated with inflammatory skin conditions, Topical doxepin, a tricyclic antidepressant and antihistamine, is an antipruritic used in eczema. […] If pruritus is severe and sleep is disturbed treatment with oral medication may be necessary. Some drugs may help to relieve the itch whilst others are given solely for their sedative effects. […] The management of chronic severe itch is difficult and often requires the use of combination therapy over a long period of time. Identification and treatment of underlying conditions causing pruritus may help in this process. The symptom may quickly disappear or persist for long periods of time.

• #63 Itch, pruritus

  https://dermnetnz.org/topics/pruritus

  In addition to specific therapy for any underlying skin or internal disease, topical treatment may include: Wet dressings or tepid shower to cool the skin, Calamine lotion (contains phenol, which cools the skin): avoid on dry skin and limit use to a few days, Menthol/camphor lotion: gives a chilling sensation, Local anaesthetics, such as pramoxine (also called pramocaine), applied to small itchy spots such as insect bites, Regular use of emollients, especially if skin is dry, Mild topical corticosteroids for short periods, Topical calcineurin inhibitors are also used to reduce itch associated with inflammatory skin conditions, Topical doxepin, a tricyclic antidepressant and antihistamine, is an antipruritic used in eczema. […] If pruritus is severe and sleep is disturbed treatment with oral medication may be necessary. Some drugs may help to relieve the itch whilst others are given solely for their sedative effects. […] The management of chronic severe itch is difficult and often requires the use of combination therapy over a long period of time. Identification and treatment of underlying conditions causing pruritus may help in this process. The symptom may quickly disappear or persist for long periods of time.

• #64 Treatments for itchy skin | NHS inform

  https://www.nhsinform.scot/illnesses-and-conditions/skin-hair-and-nails/itchy-skin/treatments-for-itchy-skin/

  There are also some more powerful medications, like antidepressants, which may be recommended if the above treatments dont help and your itch is particularly long-lasting. […] Your GP will ask you about your symptoms. […] In some cases, they may take a skin scraping or a swab so it can be tested to help identify the cause of your itching. […] Depending on what is found to be causing your itch, you may be referred to a hospital specialist for a further assessment and specific treatment. […] If you experience troublesome itching, there are some things you can do that may help relieve it and prevent damage caused by scratching. […] Use unperfumed moisturising lotions and emollients after bathing or showering to help prevent your skin becoming too dry.

• #65 Pruritus (itch) – without a rash

  https://www.pcds.org.uk/clinical-guidance/pruritus-without-a-rash

  Treat any underlying cause. If no cause is found and the symptoms remain moderate-severe / recalcitrant then remain vigilant to the possibility of a late presenting paraneoplastic condition, especially lymphoma, in such cases monitor FBC and LDH as increasing levels are a marker of lymphoma. […] In elderly patients with very dry skin use an emollient ointment as a moisturiser, and a trial of a topical steroid if asteatotic eczema is suspected. […] A four-week trial of non-sedating antihistamines such as fexofenadine 180 mg or loratadine 10 mg, or mildly sedative agents such as cetirizine 10 mg are now preferred to sedative drugs such as chlorpheniramine and hydroxyzine. If there is no improvement consider increasing the dose, it is safe to take up to 4 a day if needed. […] In recalcitrant cases of pruritus, phototherapy provided in a dermatology department will benefit some patients.

• #66 Itching – Skin Disorders – Merck Manual Consumer Version

  https://www.merckmanuals.com/home/skin-disorders/itching-and-dermatitis/itching

  Topical treatments are substances that are applied to the skin, such as creams and lotions. Most topical treatments are given to address the underlying cause of the itch, for example, a doctor may give a corticosteroid cream to people who have inflamed skin resulting from atopic dermatitis or contact dermatitis. […] Systemic treatments are medications that are taken internally by mouth or by injection. They are used if itching is widespread or if topical treatments are ineffective. […] Antihistamines, particularly hydroxyzine, are used most often. Some antihistamines, such as cyproheptadine, diphenhydramine, and hydroxyzine, cause drowsiness. They help relieve itching and, when used before bedtime, aid in sleep. […] Helping people sleep is important because severe itch can affect sleep and thus greatly decrease well being. […] Skin care measures (such as limiting bathing, moisturizing the skin, and humidifying the air) help relieve itching when it is caused by dry skin. […] Itching can usually be relieved by topical or systemic treatments.

• #67 Pruritus | Palliative Care Network of Wisconsin

  https://www.mypcnow.org/fast-fact/pruritus/

  Topical steroids may be helpful in the presence of skin inflammation. […] Topical tacrolimus has shown benefit in reducing pruritus related to rashes from atopic dermatitis, genitoanal pruritus, and prurigo nodularis. […] Antidepressants: A systematic review of 35 studies showed benefit from initiation of antidepressants in most studies, with overall good tolerability. […] Ondansetron and other 5HT3 antagonists have demonstrated benefit for patients with opioid-induced, cholestasis-induced, and renally-induced pruritus. […] Gabapentin and pregabalin have shown benefit in a variety of forms of refractory chronic pruritus including uremic pruritus, neuropathic pruritus, and itch of unknown origin. […] Opioid Antagonists: Continuous infusions of IV naloxone at low doses (e.g. 0.25-1 ug/kg/hr) has the largest body of data supporting its use in adult and pediatric patients with opioid induced pruritus without inducing opioid withdrawal.

• #68 Managing Itch | Cutaneous Lymphoma Foundation

  https://www.clfoundation.org/itch

  Topical steroids may be effective when used in conjunction with other treatment methods, but may be impractical in treating severe cases or when there are large areas of the body to treat. […] A common first-line treatment for itching is antihistamines, which counteract the reactions that occur when histamines are released in the skin, thereby blocking redness, swelling, and itchiness. […] Gabapentin can relieve itching sensations by blocking the effect of specific neurotransmitters and subduing neuronal hyperexcitability. […] There are several antidepressants which have some anti-itch properties, including the older antidepressant doxepin. […] Phototherapy is a particularly helpful treatment option for patients with CTCL suffering with pruritus.

• #69 Pruritus | Palliative Care Network of Wisconsin

  https://www.mypcnow.org/fast-fact/pruritus/

  Topical steroids may be helpful in the presence of skin inflammation. […] Topical tacrolimus has shown benefit in reducing pruritus related to rashes from atopic dermatitis, genitoanal pruritus, and prurigo nodularis. […] Antidepressants: A systematic review of 35 studies showed benefit from initiation of antidepressants in most studies, with overall good tolerability. […] Ondansetron and other 5HT3 antagonists have demonstrated benefit for patients with opioid-induced, cholestasis-induced, and renally-induced pruritus. […] Gabapentin and pregabalin have shown benefit in a variety of forms of refractory chronic pruritus including uremic pruritus, neuropathic pruritus, and itch of unknown origin. […] Opioid Antagonists: Continuous infusions of IV naloxone at low doses (e.g. 0.25-1 ug/kg/hr) has the largest body of data supporting its use in adult and pediatric patients with opioid induced pruritus without inducing opioid withdrawal.

• #70 Find Relief for Post Burn Injury Itchy Skin | MSKTC

  https://msktc.org/burn/factsheets/itchy-skin-after-burn-injury

  Gabapentin, pregabalin, and tricyclic antidepressants are commonly used oral medications that must be prescribed. They act centrally in your brain to help decrease itching. […] Antihistamines work by blocking histamine, which triggers itching. Common antihistamines that can be purchased over the counter include diphenhydramine (e.g., Benadryl), cetirizine, loratadine, and hydroxyzine. […] Pressure garments and other supportive dressings (such as Tubigrip elasticated tubular bandage, Elastinet) or tight-fitting sport clothing may help during the first months and up to the first year following a burn injury. […] Skin massage with lotion and/or touching with firm pressure on healed areas can help reduce itching. Strongly patting on the itchy spot rather than scratching is preferable. […] Laser therapy is a newer form of treatment that may help with itchy skin. This method provides gradual relief and may require three to six sessions of therapy to get the most benefit.

• #71 Pruritus | Palliative Care Network of Wisconsin

  https://www.mypcnow.org/fast-fact/pruritus/

  Topical steroids may be helpful in the presence of skin inflammation. […] Topical tacrolimus has shown benefit in reducing pruritus related to rashes from atopic dermatitis, genitoanal pruritus, and prurigo nodularis. […] Antidepressants: A systematic review of 35 studies showed benefit from initiation of antidepressants in most studies, with overall good tolerability. […] Ondansetron and other 5HT3 antagonists have demonstrated benefit for patients with opioid-induced, cholestasis-induced, and renally-induced pruritus. […] Gabapentin and pregabalin have shown benefit in a variety of forms of refractory chronic pruritus including uremic pruritus, neuropathic pruritus, and itch of unknown origin. […] Opioid Antagonists: Continuous infusions of IV naloxone at low doses (e.g. 0.25-1 ug/kg/hr) has the largest body of data supporting its use in adult and pediatric patients with opioid induced pruritus without inducing opioid withdrawal.

• #72 Pruritus

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC2924137/

  The two main classes of antihistamines are H1 and H2. […] Doxepin can be applied topically or given systemically. […] Capsaicin cream can be effective for itching because it desensitizes neurons in the skin by activating the release of substance P from type C nociceptive fibers. […] Topical corticosteroids alleviate pruritus that is secondary to inflammatory disorders. […] Controlled clinical trials support the use of opioid receptor antagonists, such as naloxone and naltrexone, for pruritus associated with cholestasis, uremia, and various dermatological diseases. […] Pruritus is a complex, yet not uncommon, phenomenon of great interest to dermatologists and primary care physicians.

• #73 Pruritus | Palliative Care Network of Wisconsin

  https://www.mypcnow.org/fast-fact/pruritus/

  Topical steroids may be helpful in the presence of skin inflammation. […] Topical tacrolimus has shown benefit in reducing pruritus related to rashes from atopic dermatitis, genitoanal pruritus, and prurigo nodularis. […] Antidepressants: A systematic review of 35 studies showed benefit from initiation of antidepressants in most studies, with overall good tolerability. […] Ondansetron and other 5HT3 antagonists have demonstrated benefit for patients with opioid-induced, cholestasis-induced, and renally-induced pruritus. […] Gabapentin and pregabalin have shown benefit in a variety of forms of refractory chronic pruritus including uremic pruritus, neuropathic pruritus, and itch of unknown origin. […] Opioid Antagonists: Continuous infusions of IV naloxone at low doses (e.g. 0.25-1 ug/kg/hr) has the largest body of data supporting its use in adult and pediatric patients with opioid induced pruritus without inducing opioid withdrawal.

• #74 Pruritus (itch) – without a rash

  https://www.pcds.org.uk/clinical-guidance/pruritus-without-a-rash

  Treat any underlying cause. If no cause is found and the symptoms remain moderate-severe / recalcitrant then remain vigilant to the possibility of a late presenting paraneoplastic condition, especially lymphoma, in such cases monitor FBC and LDH as increasing levels are a marker of lymphoma. […] In elderly patients with very dry skin use an emollient ointment as a moisturiser, and a trial of a topical steroid if asteatotic eczema is suspected. […] A four-week trial of non-sedating antihistamines such as fexofenadine 180 mg or loratadine 10 mg, or mildly sedative agents such as cetirizine 10 mg are now preferred to sedative drugs such as chlorpheniramine and hydroxyzine. If there is no improvement consider increasing the dose, it is safe to take up to 4 a day if needed. […] In recalcitrant cases of pruritus, phototherapy provided in a dermatology department will benefit some patients.

• #75 Managing Itch | Cutaneous Lymphoma Foundation

  https://www.clfoundation.org/itch

  Topical steroids may be effective when used in conjunction with other treatment methods, but may be impractical in treating severe cases or when there are large areas of the body to treat. […] A common first-line treatment for itching is antihistamines, which counteract the reactions that occur when histamines are released in the skin, thereby blocking redness, swelling, and itchiness. […] Gabapentin can relieve itching sensations by blocking the effect of specific neurotransmitters and subduing neuronal hyperexcitability. […] There are several antidepressants which have some anti-itch properties, including the older antidepressant doxepin. […] Phototherapy is a particularly helpful treatment option for patients with CTCL suffering with pruritus.

• #76 Eczema (atopic dermatitis) | Better Health Channel

  https://www.betterhealth.vic.gov.au/health/conditionsandtreatments/eczema-atopic-dermatitis

  Eczema responds well to anti-inflammatory creams. […] Applying coal tar to affected areas is another way to reduce the itch from eczema. […] Exposure to ultraviolet radiation can help reduce the symptoms of chronic eczema. […] Most people affected by eczema can manage the condition with creams and ointments alone. […] There is growing evidence that allergens introduced into the body through the skin can lead to the later development of food allergy, asthma and hay fever. […] An intact skin surface is our best defence against skin infections.

• #77 Management of pruritus in palliative care | Nursing Times

  https://www.nursingtimes.net/end-of-life-and-palliative-care/management-of-pruritus-in-palliative-care-13-06-2016/

  Pruritis (severe itching of the skin) is a relatively rare symptom in palliative care, but it can have a negative impact on patients physical, psychological and social wellbeing. […] Holistic assessment is needed to inform an individual plan of care to alleviate the itching, which will involve general skin-care measures and a combination of topical and systemic treatments. […] A holistic assessment is required to identify the most likely cause of pruritus and to develop a care plan. […] Regardless of the cause of pruritus, treating dry skin and general skin-care measures are an important aspect of its management. […] General skin care measures are important to alleviate itch. […] The management of pruritus in advanced disease is likely to involve a combination of topical treatments and systemic drugs, although few systemic interventions have been subjected to high-quality studies or provided consistently positive results. […] Nurses play a pivotal role by completing a holistic assessment, delivering and monitoring treatment, and providing support to patients and family.

• #78 Assessing and Treating Itch | Ausmed

  https://www.ausmed.com/learn/articles/assessing-and-treating-itch

  Across clinical settings, pruritus (or itch) challenges care outcomes, can be hard to treat, and impacts quality of life, mental health and mortality. […] Assessing and treating itch as early as possible is an important facet of effective patient care. […] Determining the underlying cause of pruritus and individualizing treatment will require a nursing assessment, which should include a full history as well as a skin examination. […] The first line of management for mild, localized pruritus is topical therapies. Systemic strategies are added depending on severity and extent. […] Individual evaluation with considered methodical care and management will help to aid this complex issue and provide much-needed relief to your patient.

• #79

  https://www.scribd.com/document/131068162/NCP

  The nursing care plan is for a patient named „UW” who is experiencing restlessness, inability to focus, scratching of extremities, and lesions on the skin. The diagnosis is altered comfort related to pruritus, or itching. The plan is to apply cool washcloths to relieve itching, leave areas open to air if possible, and provide diversional activities. The short term goals are for the patient to feel relief from itching and understand ways to decrease itching. The long term goal is for the patient to stop scratching extremities while hospitalized.

• #80 Itchy skin (pruritus): Causes, treatment, and home remedies

  https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/311473

  However, a person may be able to relieve itchy skin at home by applying a cool compress for 5-10 minutes at a time or until the itching eases, applying a moisturizer free from fragrances, perfumes, and additives, taking an oatmeal bath or applying a moisturizer that contains colloidal oatmeal, and applying cooling agents, such as calamine. […] If itchy skin causes problems over time or comes with other symptoms, a person should speak with a doctor.

• #81 Itching | Pruritus | Itchy skin | MedlinePlus

  https://medlineplus.gov/itching.html

  Itching is an irritating sensation that makes you want to scratch your skin. Sometimes it can feel like pain, but it is different. Often, you feel itchy in one area in your body, but sometimes you may feel itching all over. Along with the itching, you may also have a rash or hives. […] Most itching is not serious. To feel better, you could try: Applying cold compresses, Using moisturizing lotions, Taking lukewarm or oatmeal baths, Using over-the-counter hydrocortisone cream or antihistamines, Avoiding scratching, wearing irritating fabrics, and exposure to high heat and humidity. […] Contact your health care provider if your itching is severe, does not go away after a few weeks, or does not have an apparent cause. You may need other treatments, such as medicines or light therapy. If you have an underlying disease that is causing the itching, treating that disease may help.

• #82 Management of pruritus in palliative care | Nursing Times

  https://www.nursingtimes.net/end-of-life-and-palliative-care/management-of-pruritus-in-palliative-care-13-06-2016/

  Pruritis (severe itching of the skin) is a relatively rare symptom in palliative care, but it can have a negative impact on patients physical, psychological and social wellbeing. […] Holistic assessment is needed to inform an individual plan of care to alleviate the itching, which will involve general skin-care measures and a combination of topical and systemic treatments. […] A holistic assessment is required to identify the most likely cause of pruritus and to develop a care plan. […] Regardless of the cause of pruritus, treating dry skin and general skin-care measures are an important aspect of its management. […] General skin care measures are important to alleviate itch. […] The management of pruritus in advanced disease is likely to involve a combination of topical treatments and systemic drugs, although few systemic interventions have been subjected to high-quality studies or provided consistently positive results. […] Nurses play a pivotal role by completing a holistic assessment, delivering and monitoring treatment, and providing support to patients and family.

• #83 Itchy skin – treatments, causes and prevention | healthdirect

  https://www.healthdirect.gov.au/itchy-skin

  Itchy skin is also known as pruritis. […] Itchy skin can occur anywhere on your body. […] Itchy skin is usually not serious. […] If you are unsure about a rash or itch, see your doctor. […] Common causes of itchy skin are: dry skin, insect bites, hives, heat rash, eczema, scabies, psoriasis, obstetric cholestasis. […] If you have itchy skin, here are some things that may help: Try not to scratch the area. The more you scratch, the more your skin will itch. […] Keep your nails short to prevent breaking your skin if you do scratch. […] Try to wear loose cotton clothing. This can help prevent you overheating and making the itch worse. Avoid fabrics like wool which can irritate your skin. […] Use moisturiser all over your skin at least 2 times a day. Use it more often if your skin feels dry. You can buy cooling moisturisers that contain menthol. This can soothe the itch.

• #84

  https://www.scribd.com/document/131068162/NCP

  The nursing care plan is for a patient named „UW” who is experiencing restlessness, inability to focus, scratching of extremities, and lesions on the skin. The diagnosis is altered comfort related to pruritus, or itching. The plan is to apply cool washcloths to relieve itching, leave areas open to air if possible, and provide diversional activities. The short term goals are for the patient to feel relief from itching and understand ways to decrease itching. The long term goal is for the patient to stop scratching extremities while hospitalized.

• #85 Management of pruritus in palliative care | Nursing Times

  https://www.nursingtimes.net/end-of-life-and-palliative-care/management-of-pruritus-in-palliative-care-13-06-2016/

  Pruritis (severe itching of the skin) is a relatively rare symptom in palliative care, but it can have a negative impact on patients physical, psychological and social wellbeing. […] Holistic assessment is needed to inform an individual plan of care to alleviate the itching, which will involve general skin-care measures and a combination of topical and systemic treatments. […] A holistic assessment is required to identify the most likely cause of pruritus and to develop a care plan. […] Regardless of the cause of pruritus, treating dry skin and general skin-care measures are an important aspect of its management. […] General skin care measures are important to alleviate itch. […] The management of pruritus in advanced disease is likely to involve a combination of topical treatments and systemic drugs, although few systemic interventions have been subjected to high-quality studies or provided consistently positive results. […] Nurses play a pivotal role by completing a holistic assessment, delivering and monitoring treatment, and providing support to patients and family.

• #86 How to manage pruritus

  https://www.healthcert.com/blog/how-to-manage-pruritus

  Pruritus, or itching, is a skin symptom that can impact quality of life. […] Pruritus, or itching, is a common symptom that patients may present with, and it can have a significant impact on their quality of life. […] It’s essential to have a solid foundation in the management of pruritus. […] The first step in managing pruritus is to assess the severity and duration of the patient’s symptoms. […] Next, it’s essential to identify any underlying causes of pruritus. […] If an underlying cause of pruritus is identified, it’s essential to treat it. […] In many cases, topical therapies can be effective in managing pruritus. […] In more severe cases of pruritus, oral therapies may be necessary. […] Finally, lifestyle modifications can be effective in managing pruritus. […] Managing pruritus in primary care requires a thorough assessment of the severity and duration of symptoms, identification of underlying causes, and appropriate treatment. […] Topical and oral therapies, as well as lifestyle modifications, can be effective in managing pruritus. […] having basic experience in the management of pruritus is essential to providing high-quality care to your patients.

• #87

  https://elsevier.health/en-US/preview/pruritus

  Pruritus is an itchy feeling on the skin. One of the most common causes is dry skin, but many different things can cause itching. Most cases of itching do not require medical attention. Sometimes itchy skin can turn into a rash or a secondary infection. […] Apply moisturizing creams to your skin frequently, at least twice daily. Apply immediately after bathing while skin is still wet. […] Take medicines or apply medicated creams only as told by your health care provider. […] Do not take hot showers or baths, which can make itching worse. A short, cool shower may help with itching as long as you apply moisturizing lotion after the shower. […] Do not scratch your skin. […] Keep a journal to help find out what is causing your itching. […] Contact a health care provider if the itching does not go away after several days.

• #88 Pruritus diagnosis and treatment | Nursing in Practice

  https://www.nursinginpractice.com/clinical/pruritus-diagnosis-and-treatment/

  Pruritus is a common and distressing symptom of many dermatological, systemic and psychological disorders. […] The management of pruritus will be dependent on the underlying cause and diagnosis. Symptomatic measures may be appropriate in patients where no cause can be identified or treated. […] Regardless of the underlying disease, symptom relief is most important to patients. […] Simple measures should be adopted initially such as: Avoiding factors that may contribute to skin dryness such as overheating, hot baths, and soaps, shower and bath products. […] Using emollients for dry skin, including for washing, bathing and showering. […] Patting the skin instead of scratching and keeping nails short. […] Using anti-itch creams containing a moisturiser and additional ingredients such as crotamiton, lauromacrogols, menthol and doxepin is possible.

• #89 Itchy skin – treatments, causes and prevention | healthdirect

  https://www.healthdirect.gov.au/itchy-skin

  Itchy skin is also known as pruritis. […] Itchy skin can occur anywhere on your body. […] Itchy skin is usually not serious. […] If you are unsure about a rash or itch, see your doctor. […] Common causes of itchy skin are: dry skin, insect bites, hives, heat rash, eczema, scabies, psoriasis, obstetric cholestasis. […] If you have itchy skin, here are some things that may help: Try not to scratch the area. The more you scratch, the more your skin will itch. […] Keep your nails short to prevent breaking your skin if you do scratch. […] Try to wear loose cotton clothing. This can help prevent you overheating and making the itch worse. Avoid fabrics like wool which can irritate your skin. […] Use moisturiser all over your skin at least 2 times a day. Use it more often if your skin feels dry. You can buy cooling moisturisers that contain menthol. This can soothe the itch.

• #90 Ways to Relieve Itch from Eczema | National Eczema Association

  https://nationaleczema.org/eczema/itchy-skin/

  Itchy skin is a hallmark symptom of eczema. Learn about ways to manage and relieve eczema itch. Chronic dry, itchy skin is a universal symptom of eczema. For people with eczema, the itch is often the worst part of dealing with this skin condition. It can be incessant and all-consuming both day and night. Itching can affect many aspects of your life, including daily functioning. It can cause you to miss days of work or school, disturb your sleep and affect your mental health. Treating itch caused by eczema can also be very costly. Itch is present in all seven types of eczema. But depending on the type of eczema, the cause and treatment for itch may vary. For atopic dermatitis, the most common type of eczema, nearly 100% of people report itch as one of their major symptoms. In fact, many people in the eczema field refer to atopic dermatitis as the itch that rashes. This means that the intense itch of atopic dermatitis leads to scratching, which results in a visible skin rash. If you have very itchy skin that doesn’t go away, you should see a doctor or dermatologist to determine the cause. When getting an eczema diagnosis from your doctor or a dermatologist you might hear them refer to pruritus, which is the scientific term for itch. Skin itch from eczema is different from itch caused by environmental allergies. Because of this, common medications used for itch, such as antihistamines, do not work well on the itch associated with eczema. Your skin is your first line of defense against the outside world to fend off germs, chemicals and more. When you have eczema, your skin barrier may be weakened, leading to more itchiness. Strengthening your skin barrier can help prevent or treat eczema and your itch. The first step to managing itchy skin is to reduce the risk of it happening in the first place. Whether it’s atopic dermatitis, seborrheic dermatitis or dyshidrotic eczema, getting your eczema under control overall can help relieve itch. This can be done through a daily bathing and moisturizing routine and using prescription medications as prescribed by your doctor. Regular moisturizing of skin is important for eczema. Moisturized skin helps relieve dryness and itching, and it helps to restore the skin barrier, keeping out irritants and allergens. Stopping the itch can be a complicated process, but it is possible. To stop itchy skin, it’s important to understand the cause, accompanying symptoms, treatment options and prevention steps for the future. Here are general tips for itch relief from various types of eczema: Apply a cold compress or ice pack: When your skin is itchy, your body temperature is often higher than it should be. Applying a cold compress or ice pack can bring your temperature down, decreasing the intensity of the itch and/or your skin pain. Pinch and pat the itchy skin (rather than scratching): While scratching brings temporary relief, it’s not good in the long run. Scratched skin will only be itchier and could lead to blisters and scarring. When you feel the urge to scratch, pinch and pat the skin instead. Wear soft, breathable, natural clothing next to your skin: What you wear can make you itchier. Choose soft, breathable clothing made of natural materials to help stop the itch and help prevent future cases of irritated skin. Try wet wrap therapy: Similar to applying a cold compress, wet wrap therapy impacts your body temperature in order to fight against the itch. Soak in a colloidal oatmeal bath: Soak in a colloidal oatmeal to help relieve itch. Protect yourself from night-time scratching: Cotton gloves or cutting fingernails short can help protect the skin from night-time scratching. Try the soak and seal method: Many healthcare providers recommend the soak and seal method to combat dry skin and reduce flares. This method can be done several times a week and involves three steps: bathing, applying topical medications to affected areas and moisturizing the rest of the body. Sleep in a humid room: During winter, indoor heating can dry the air more than normal. A humidifier might help you sleep, because there’s more moisture in the air, helping to keep your skin from drying out. Topical and immunosuppressant medications reduce symptoms of itch. Topical steroids are often used to stop itch and inflammation so the skin can start to heal. For more severe cases of eczema that do not improve with topical medications, doctors may prescribe injectable biologics, oral medications and/or phototherapy.

• #91 Treatments for itchy skin | NHS inform

  https://www.nhsinform.scot/illnesses-and-conditions/skin-hair-and-nails/itchy-skin/treatments-for-itchy-skin/

  There are also some more powerful medications, like antidepressants, which may be recommended if the above treatments dont help and your itch is particularly long-lasting. […] Your GP will ask you about your symptoms. […] In some cases, they may take a skin scraping or a swab so it can be tested to help identify the cause of your itching. […] Depending on what is found to be causing your itch, you may be referred to a hospital specialist for a further assessment and specific treatment. […] If you experience troublesome itching, there are some things you can do that may help relieve it and prevent damage caused by scratching. […] Use unperfumed moisturising lotions and emollients after bathing or showering to help prevent your skin becoming too dry.

• #92 Find Relief for Post Burn Injury Itchy Skin | MSKTC

  https://msktc.org/burn/factsheets/itchy-skin-after-burn-injury

  Gabapentin, pregabalin, and tricyclic antidepressants are commonly used oral medications that must be prescribed. They act centrally in your brain to help decrease itching. […] Antihistamines work by blocking histamine, which triggers itching. Common antihistamines that can be purchased over the counter include diphenhydramine (e.g., Benadryl), cetirizine, loratadine, and hydroxyzine. […] Pressure garments and other supportive dressings (such as Tubigrip elasticated tubular bandage, Elastinet) or tight-fitting sport clothing may help during the first months and up to the first year following a burn injury. […] Skin massage with lotion and/or touching with firm pressure on healed areas can help reduce itching. Strongly patting on the itchy spot rather than scratching is preferable. […] Laser therapy is a newer form of treatment that may help with itchy skin. This method provides gradual relief and may require three to six sessions of therapy to get the most benefit.

• #93 Ways to Relieve Itch from Eczema | National Eczema Association

  https://nationaleczema.org/eczema/itchy-skin/

  Itchy skin is a hallmark symptom of eczema. Learn about ways to manage and relieve eczema itch. Chronic dry, itchy skin is a universal symptom of eczema. For people with eczema, the itch is often the worst part of dealing with this skin condition. It can be incessant and all-consuming both day and night. Itching can affect many aspects of your life, including daily functioning. It can cause you to miss days of work or school, disturb your sleep and affect your mental health. Treating itch caused by eczema can also be very costly. Itch is present in all seven types of eczema. But depending on the type of eczema, the cause and treatment for itch may vary. For atopic dermatitis, the most common type of eczema, nearly 100% of people report itch as one of their major symptoms. In fact, many people in the eczema field refer to atopic dermatitis as the itch that rashes. This means that the intense itch of atopic dermatitis leads to scratching, which results in a visible skin rash. If you have very itchy skin that doesn’t go away, you should see a doctor or dermatologist to determine the cause. When getting an eczema diagnosis from your doctor or a dermatologist you might hear them refer to pruritus, which is the scientific term for itch. Skin itch from eczema is different from itch caused by environmental allergies. Because of this, common medications used for itch, such as antihistamines, do not work well on the itch associated with eczema. Your skin is your first line of defense against the outside world to fend off germs, chemicals and more. When you have eczema, your skin barrier may be weakened, leading to more itchiness. Strengthening your skin barrier can help prevent or treat eczema and your itch. The first step to managing itchy skin is to reduce the risk of it happening in the first place. Whether it’s atopic dermatitis, seborrheic dermatitis or dyshidrotic eczema, getting your eczema under control overall can help relieve itch. This can be done through a daily bathing and moisturizing routine and using prescription medications as prescribed by your doctor. Regular moisturizing of skin is important for eczema. Moisturized skin helps relieve dryness and itching, and it helps to restore the skin barrier, keeping out irritants and allergens. Stopping the itch can be a complicated process, but it is possible. To stop itchy skin, it’s important to understand the cause, accompanying symptoms, treatment options and prevention steps for the future. Here are general tips for itch relief from various types of eczema: Apply a cold compress or ice pack: When your skin is itchy, your body temperature is often higher than it should be. Applying a cold compress or ice pack can bring your temperature down, decreasing the intensity of the itch and/or your skin pain. Pinch and pat the itchy skin (rather than scratching): While scratching brings temporary relief, it’s not good in the long run. Scratched skin will only be itchier and could lead to blisters and scarring. When you feel the urge to scratch, pinch and pat the skin instead. Wear soft, breathable, natural clothing next to your skin: What you wear can make you itchier. Choose soft, breathable clothing made of natural materials to help stop the itch and help prevent future cases of irritated skin. Try wet wrap therapy: Similar to applying a cold compress, wet wrap therapy impacts your body temperature in order to fight against the itch. Soak in a colloidal oatmeal bath: Soak in a colloidal oatmeal to help relieve itch. Protect yourself from night-time scratching: Cotton gloves or cutting fingernails short can help protect the skin from night-time scratching. Try the soak and seal method: Many healthcare providers recommend the soak and seal method to combat dry skin and reduce flares. This method can be done several times a week and involves three steps: bathing, applying topical medications to affected areas and moisturizing the rest of the body. Sleep in a humid room: During winter, indoor heating can dry the air more than normal. A humidifier might help you sleep, because there’s more moisture in the air, helping to keep your skin from drying out. Topical and immunosuppressant medications reduce symptoms of itch. Topical steroids are often used to stop itch and inflammation so the skin can start to heal. For more severe cases of eczema that do not improve with topical medications, doctors may prescribe injectable biologics, oral medications and/or phototherapy.

• #94 Itching and chronic kidney disease (CKD) | Kidney Care UK

  https://kidneycareuk.org/kidney-disease-information/living-with-kidney-disease/managing-symptoms/patient-info-itching-and-chronic-kidney-disease-ckd/

  Itching can be difficult to treat, and you may need to try different treatments before you find one that works for you. […] If itching becomes a major problem, you may decide to seek psychological support as there are tools available that can help you to manage, such as breathing techniques and mindfulness. Speak to your kidney team for advice.

• #95

  https://elsevier.health/en-US/preview/pruritus

  Pruritus is an itchy feeling on the skin. One of the most common causes is dry skin, but many different conditions and factors can cause itching. […] Apply moisturizing creams to your skin frequently, at least twice daily. Apply immediately after bathing while skin is still wet. […] Take medicines or apply medicated creams only as told by your health care provider. […] Do not take hot showers or baths. Do not use scented soaps, detergents, perfumes, or cosmetic products. […] Keep a journal to help find out what is causing your itching.

• #96 Pruritus (itchy skin) | American Kidney Fund

  https://www.kidneyfund.org/living-kidney-disease/health-problems-caused-kidney-disease/pruritus-itchy-skin

  Pruritus is distressing, itchy skin. The itchy feeling can be so constant and uncomfortable that it may disrupt your sleep and affect your mental health and overall quality of life. It can be especially severe and troubling in people who are in kidney failure, also called end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) or end-stage renal disease (ESRD). Pruritus is more common in people who are on dialysis. […] To treat pruritus, your doctor or dialysis care team may: […] Talk with your doctor if you feel itchy, even if you have asked them about it before or tried treatments that have not worked in the past. There are many ways to treat pruritus. […] Living with pruritus for weeks, months or years can take a toll on your mental and emotional health. The constant prickling of itchy skin and the urge to scratch can be distressing and can: […] Pruritus is distressing, itchy skin, which is common in people on dialysis.

• #97 Itching and chronic kidney disease (CKD) | Kidney Care UK

  https://kidneycareuk.org/kidney-disease-information/living-with-kidney-disease/managing-symptoms/patient-info-itching-and-chronic-kidney-disease-ckd/

  Itching can be difficult to treat, and you may need to try different treatments before you find one that works for you. […] If itching becomes a major problem, you may decide to seek psychological support as there are tools available that can help you to manage, such as breathing techniques and mindfulness. Speak to your kidney team for advice.

• #98 Pruritus in the elderly – a guide to assessment and management

  https://www.racgp.org.au/afp/2014/october/pruritus-in-the-elderly-a-guide-to-assessment-and

  Pruritus is the most common skin complaint in patients over the age of 65 years. These patients are in a unique population group that will require a comprehensive clinical approach. The symptoms of pruritus can be potentially debilitating and can have a significant impact on elderly patients by impairing their quality of life. […] Pruritus in the elderly population remains both a diagnostic and therapeutic challenge. In the first instance, it has to be established whether the pruritus is arising from a primary dermatological condition or whether it is a manifestation of an underlying systemic disease. […] Apart from lifestyle modifications, emollients, topical antipruritics (eg menthol 1% in aqueous cream), oral antihistamines, topical corticosteroids and phototherapy may prove useful.

• #99

  https://bpac.org.nz/bpj/2014/september/dryskin.aspx

  As skin ages, increased transepidermal water loss leads to dry skin (xerosis) and reduced barrier function. Dry skin is often itchy and prone to dermatitis. […] Older patients should be asked regularly about skin symptoms and periodically examined for signs of poor skin health. […] Encourage older patients to use emollients (which hydrate and soften the skin) and to avoid products which irritate the skin, e.g. standard soap, to improve skin health. […] In older people, dry skin is frequently associated with pruritus due to the reduced lipid content in the skin, the decreased production of sweat and sebum, and diminished vascular perfusion. […] Dry skin and pruritus commonly occur without a visible inflammatory rash and are sometimes referred to as winter itch or seventh age itch. […] Scratching can lead to secondary dermatitis with dry scaly plaques (lichen simplex).

• #100

  https://bpac.org.nz/bpj/2014/september/dryskin.aspx

  As skin ages, increased transepidermal water loss leads to dry skin (xerosis) and reduced barrier function. Dry skin is often itchy and prone to dermatitis. […] Older patients should be asked regularly about skin symptoms and periodically examined for signs of poor skin health. […] Encourage older patients to use emollients (which hydrate and soften the skin) and to avoid products which irritate the skin, e.g. standard soap, to improve skin health. […] In older people, dry skin is frequently associated with pruritus due to the reduced lipid content in the skin, the decreased production of sweat and sebum, and diminished vascular perfusion. […] Dry skin and pruritus commonly occur without a visible inflammatory rash and are sometimes referred to as winter itch or seventh age itch. […] Scratching can lead to secondary dermatitis with dry scaly plaques (lichen simplex).

• #101 Itching – Dermatologic Disorders – Merck Manual Professional Edition

  https://www.merckmanuals.com/professional/dermatologic-disorders/approach-to-the-dermatologic-patient/itching

  Itching due to any cause benefits from use of cool or lukewarm (instead of hot) water when bathing, mild or moisturizing soap, limited bathing duration and frequency, frequent lubrication, humidification of dry air, and avoidance of irritating clothing. […] Topical medications may help localized itching. Options include lotions or creams that contain camphor and/or menthol, pramoxine, capsaicin, or corticosteroids. […] Systemic medications are indicated for generalized itching or local itching resistant to topical agents. Antihistamines, most notably hydroxyzine, are effective, especially for nocturnal itch, and are most commonly used. […] Age-related changes in the immune system and in nerve fibers may contribute to the high prevalence of itch in older adults. […] Xerotic eczema is very common among older adults. […] Severe, diffuse itching in older adults should raise concern for cancer, especially if another etiology is not immediately apparent.

• #102 Pruritus in the elderly – a guide to assessment and management

  https://www.racgp.org.au/afp/2014/october/pruritus-in-the-elderly-a-guide-to-assessment-and

  The most common cause of itchy skin in the elderly, especially in autumn and winter is xerosis or dry skin. This dry skin is quite evident on skin examination, being most pronounced on the lower legs, anteriorly, but also affecting the upper limbs and back. […] Regular use of emollients is the mainstay of treatment in pruritus, aiming to ensure optimal skin hydration and preventing the itch-scratch cycle. Emollients enhance the skin barrier function, preventing transepidermal water loss and entry of irritants. […] For patients with predominant urticarial symptoms a trial of antihistamines may be worthwhile. Topical treatments include antipruritics such as menthol 1% in aqueous cream. Topical corticosteroids can prove effective in managing pruritus, especially when related to an underlying inflammatory or immunological condition.

• #103

  https://bpac.org.nz/bpj/2014/september/dryskin.aspx

  Patients with dry skin should apply emollients at least twice daily, ideally within minutes of washing the skin, and at other times if necessary. […] Emollients can hydrate the skin by two mechanisms: Drawing water from the dermis to epidermis due to the presence of humectants, e.g. urea or glycerol and Preventing water from escaping with an oily layer, e.g. ointments. […] Emollients generally have a neutral or low pH which helps to maintain the barrier function of skin, and are also reported to have anti-inflammatory properties. […] The choice of emollient is based on how dry the patients skin is and their preference; patients are most likely to be adherent to a treatment if they are using a preparation they are comfortable with. […] Emollients should be prescribed in sufficient quantity to have an optimal effect, and the amount will vary depending on which areas of the body are affected.

• #104

  https://bpac.org.nz/bpj/2014/september/dryskin.aspx

  Older skin is more fragile and therefore more likely to tear when subjected to trauma even with minor injury such as scratching. […] Skin tears in older people often occur on the upper and lower limbs and on the back of the hands. […] Encourage older patients to wear gloves and protective clothing when working outside and to keep pets claws trimmed and discourage them from jumping up where possible. […] Advise patients to report and seek treatment for any significant skin tears as early treatment reduces the likelihood of complications developing.

• #105 Pruritus (chronic itchy skin) – Symptoms, causes, treatments | National Kidney Foundation

  https://www.kidney.org/kidney-topics/pruritus-itchy-skin

  Pruritus is very itchy skin that is most common in patients with advanced CKD and end-stage kidney disease (ESKD), but which can also happen in the early stages of CKD. Pruritus can bother patients a lot and get in the way of daily life. Scratching to stop the itch can harm the skin, so finding the right treatments is very important. […] The diagnosis of pruritus requires a team effort that centers on the patients report of their symptoms. Healthcare professionals may choose to do a skin exam, assess common dialysis lab values, and try topical treatments in order to pinpoint the diagnosis. […] Patients on dialysis should be treated for high PTH, phosphorus, and magnesium levels in the blood. This may include certain medicines, increasing dialysis treatment times, and/or changing the type of dialysis filter or dialysis prescription. All patients should start with topical treatments that are rubbed on top of the skin, including emollients, which are creams and lotions that soothe and moisten the skin, and/or analgesics, which are creams and lotions that relieve pain and itching.

• #106 What Is Pruritus? | Fresenius Kidney Care

  https://www.freseniuskidneycare.com/thrive-central/what-is-pruritus

  Pruritus is the medical term for itchy skin. There are many causes for pruritus, including dry skin, irritation, allergies, and certain medical conditions. […] People with end stage renal disease (ESRD) who are on dialysis frequently experience pruritus, which can be uncomfortable. […] Good skin care routines can help your skin stay healthy and may reduce or avoid itchiness. […] For dry, itchy skin, review these tips for healthier skin and to avoid the itch. […] Use moisturizing cream or ointment one to four times a day to help combat dry skin and possibly relieve itchiness. […] In addition to maintaining a healthy skin care routine, people with pruritus may want to investigate medications to manage their symptoms. […] Korsuva is the first FDA-approved drug specifically targeted toward relieving moderate to severe pruritus for people on hemodialysis (HD). […] Pruritus is more than an annoyance. Continued scratching can lead to skin infections that could lead to hospitalization. […] If you are experiencing dry, itchy skin, talk to your care team to better understand your symptoms and determine if a new skin care routine or medication may help.

• #107 Itching and chronic kidney disease (CKD) | Kidney Care UK

  https://kidneycareuk.org/kidney-disease-information/living-with-kidney-disease/managing-symptoms/patient-info-itching-and-chronic-kidney-disease-ckd/

  Itching of the skin (also called CKD-associated pruritus) is common in people with chronic kidney disease (CKD). It can be a serious problem for many people and can have a major effect on your quality of life. […] Itching can be eased by: Wearing loose, non-irritating clothing made of natural fabrics, such as cotton. Changing your toiletries or cleaning products. Avoiding particularly dry environments. Avoiding wearing perfumes or aftershave. Using unscented shower and bath products. Patting rather than rubbing your skin dry after a bath or shower. Using an unscented moisturiser on dry areas of skin (some people also find moisturisers containing menthol and aloe vera can be helpful). This should be used every day, not just when you are itching, in order to maintain the skins barrier prevention. Your pharmacist can advise on suitable products.

• #108 What Is Pruritus? | Fresenius Kidney Care

  https://www.freseniuskidneycare.com/thrive-central/what-is-pruritus

  Pruritus is the medical term for itchy skin. There are many causes for pruritus, including dry skin, irritation, allergies, and certain medical conditions. […] People with end stage renal disease (ESRD) who are on dialysis frequently experience pruritus, which can be uncomfortable. […] Good skin care routines can help your skin stay healthy and may reduce or avoid itchiness. […] For dry, itchy skin, review these tips for healthier skin and to avoid the itch. […] Use moisturizing cream or ointment one to four times a day to help combat dry skin and possibly relieve itchiness. […] In addition to maintaining a healthy skin care routine, people with pruritus may want to investigate medications to manage their symptoms. […] Korsuva is the first FDA-approved drug specifically targeted toward relieving moderate to severe pruritus for people on hemodialysis (HD). […] Pruritus is more than an annoyance. Continued scratching can lead to skin infections that could lead to hospitalization. […] If you are experiencing dry, itchy skin, talk to your care team to better understand your symptoms and determine if a new skin care routine or medication may help.

• #109 What types of cancer can cause itchy skin? | MD Anderson Cancer Center

  https://www.mdanderson.org/cancerwise/what-types-of-cancer-can-cause-itchy-skin.h00-159774867.html

  Itching can be a sign of several types of blood cancers. […] Pruritus may be an associated symptom of cancer. That means it is often an additional symptom of the cancer itself. It’s not necessarily a predictor of cancer. So, if you have itchy skin, it doesn’t mean you will develop cancer. […] Sometimes, cancer treatment can cause rashes and itchy skin. Chemotherapy, opioids, aspirin and antibiotics may cause itching. […] Itchy skin can be frustrating, especially if you don’t know what’s causing it. Itching can be a sign of internal disease, including cancer. We know that patients with certain cancers, namely lymphomas and leukemias, often have associated pruritus, but we have limited data indicating that itchy skin is a predictor of cancer. So, itchy skin alone does not mean you will get cancer. […] See a doctor if you have persistent itchy skin and you develop other concerning symptoms. They can figure out what’s causing the symptoms and get you the proper treatment.

• #110 Pruritus (PDQ®): Supportive care – Patient Information [NCI] | Kaiser Permanente

  https://healthy.kaiserpermanente.org/health-wellness/health-encyclopedia/he.pruritus-pdq%C2%AE-supportive-care-patient-information-nci.ncicdr0000062805

  Pruritus is an itchy feeling that makes you want to scratch your skin. It may occur without a rash or skin lesions. Pruritus sometimes feels like pain because the signals for itching and pain travel along the same nerve pathways. Scratching may cause breaks in the skin, bleeding, and infection. If your skin feels itchy, let your doctor know so it can be treated and relieved. […] Certain cancer treatments may cause pruritus. Cancer treatments that may cause pruritus include chemotherapy, radiation therapy, and immunotherapy (biologic therapy). […] Finding the cause of the itching is the first step in relieving pruritus. […] Treatment of pruritus in cancer patients involves learning what the triggers are and taking steps to avoid them. […] It is important for you and for caregivers to know what triggers itching, such as dry skin or hot baths, so you can take steps to prevent it. You may need more than one type of treatment to relieve or prevent pruritus, protect your skin, and keep you comfortable.

• #111 Pruritus – NCI

  https://www.cancer.gov/about-cancer/treatment/side-effects/skin-nail-changes/pruritus-pdq

  Self-care includes avoiding pruritus triggers and taking good care of your skin. […] Ways to help lessen itching include: Using unscented, soothing creams or ointments. […] If pruritus is related to dry skin, emollient creams or lotions may be used. Emollients help soothe and soften the skin and increase moisture levels in the skin. […] Your doctor may prescribe topical steroids (steroids applied to the skin) to reduce itching, but they cause thinning of the skin and make it more sensitive. […] Systemic therapies travel through the bloodstream and reach and affect cells all over the body. They may help treat the condition causing your pruritus or help control your symptoms. […] Other steps may be taken to help you keep from scratching and stop the itch-scratch-itch cycle.

• #112 Managing Pruritus or Itchy Skin at End of Life

  https://www.crossroadshospice.com/hospice-palliative-care-blog/2018/april/30/managing-pruritus-or-itchy-skin-at-end-of-life/

  Pruritus or itchy skin can be an annoying condition for a healthy individual, but pruritus at end of life can have a powerfully negative effect on a patients quality of life. […] Whenever possible, treatment for the underlying causes of itchy skin should be administered. Moisturizing lotions applied to the skin and added to bath water can be helpful. Bathing should be reduced and tepid water with mild, unscented soap should be used to avoid further irritation. […] Medications including antihistamines can also help to control pruritus at end of life. The hospice care team can assess the best care plan for the individuals specific medical needs. […] Patients should wear loose, non-irritating clothing in a cool, humidified environment. Skin should be dried by patting instead of rubbing. Patients should also avoid any lanolin or perfumed products. […] Crossroads Hospice Palliative Care provides support to patients experiencing pruritus and other end-of-life symptoms.

• #113 Management of pruritus in palliative care | Nursing Times

  https://www.nursingtimes.net/end-of-life-and-palliative-care/management-of-pruritus-in-palliative-care-13-06-2016/

  Pruritis (severe itching of the skin) is a relatively rare symptom in palliative care, but it can have a negative impact on patients physical, psychological and social wellbeing. […] Holistic assessment is needed to inform an individual plan of care to alleviate the itching, which will involve general skin-care measures and a combination of topical and systemic treatments. […] A holistic assessment is required to identify the most likely cause of pruritus and to develop a care plan. […] Regardless of the cause of pruritus, treating dry skin and general skin-care measures are an important aspect of its management. […] General skin care measures are important to alleviate itch. […] The management of pruritus in advanced disease is likely to involve a combination of topical treatments and systemic drugs, although few systemic interventions have been subjected to high-quality studies or provided consistently positive results. […] Nurses play a pivotal role by completing a holistic assessment, delivering and monitoring treatment, and providing support to patients and family.

• #114 Palliative care – itching | Healthify

  https://healthify.nz/health-a-z/p/palliative-care-itching

  Itching is a skin sensation that leads to the desire to scratch. […] Treatment usually depends on the cause of your itchiness, but if the cause can’t be found, treatment aims to relieve your symptoms. […] In palliative care, treatment aims to relieve your symptom of itching and make you feel better. […] You may have many health professionals such as doctors, nurses, a dermatologist, a palliative care specialist or a cancer specialist involved in your care, as it may require treatment from a multidisciplinary team. […] If you have a medical condition or any obvious causes of your itching are found, treatment will focus on the condition or cause. […] Treatment that may be prescribed for you includes: moisturisers or emollients to keep your skin moist, topical corticosteroids or oral steroids, antihistamines, amitriptyline, gabapentin, benzodiazepines, cholestyramine, rifampicin, phototherapy, cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) to break the itch-scratch cycle.

• #115 Palliative care – itching | Healthify

  https://healthify.nz/health-a-z/p/palliative-care-itching

  There are some self-care measures that you can do to help relieve the symptom of itching. […] If you have dry skin, apply moisturisers or emollients often. […] Try not to scratch your skin when you feel itchy and avoid situations that can trigger the desire to scratch. […] Keep your nails clean and short, wear cotton gloves or apply paste bandages to reduce the skin damage caused by scratching.

• #116 Pruritus (Chronic Itchy Skin): Causes and Treatments

  https://www.webmd.com/skin-problems-and-treatments/skin-conditions-pruritus

  If pruritus is caused by an underlying medical condition, treating that can bring you relief. […] While you’re waiting for those remedies to take effect, or if the problem is in the skin itself, medications or self-care strategies may help. […] Steps you can take to soothe your skin include: Soak in a tub with an oatmeal treatment or baking soda. […] The best way to prevent pruritus is to take care of your skin. To protect your skin: Use skin creams and lotions that moisturize your skin and prevent dryness. […] Pruritus is itchy skin that can have many different causes. You may be able to treat or prevent it by keeping your skin moisturized. If you don’t know what’s causing it, if it’s widespread, or if you have other unusual symptoms, see your doctor.

• #117 Itchy skin – treatments, causes and prevention | healthdirect

  https://www.healthdirect.gov.au/itchy-skin

  Itchy skin is also known as pruritis. […] Itchy skin can occur anywhere on your body. […] Itchy skin is usually not serious. […] If you are unsure about a rash or itch, see your doctor. […] Common causes of itchy skin are: dry skin, insect bites, hives, heat rash, eczema, scabies, psoriasis, obstetric cholestasis. […] If you have itchy skin, here are some things that may help: Try not to scratch the area. The more you scratch, the more your skin will itch. […] Keep your nails short to prevent breaking your skin if you do scratch. […] Try to wear loose cotton clothing. This can help prevent you overheating and making the itch worse. Avoid fabrics like wool which can irritate your skin. […] Use moisturiser all over your skin at least 2 times a day. Use it more often if your skin feels dry. You can buy cooling moisturisers that contain menthol. This can soothe the itch.

• #118

  https://www.kuh.ku.edu.tr/mayo-clinic-care-network/mayo-clinic-health-information-library/diseases-conditions/itchy-skin-pruritus

  If home remedies don’t ease your symptoms, your health care provider may recommend prescription medicine or other treatments. Controlling itchy skin symptoms can be challenging and may require long-term therapy. Options include: Corticosteroid creams and ointments. If your skin is itchy and inflamed, your health care provider may suggest applying a medicated cream or ointment to the affected areas. […] For temporary relief of itching, try these self-care measures: Avoid items or situations that cause you to itch. Try to identify what’s causing your symptoms and avoid it. […] Moisturize daily. Apply hypoallergenic and fragrance-free moisturizer (Cetaphil, others) to affected skin at least once a day. […] You’re likely to start by seeing your primary care provider. Or you may be referred to a specialist in skin diseases (dermatologist). […] List your symptoms, when they occurred, and how long they lasted. Also, list all medicines, vitamins and herbs you’re taking. Or take the original bottles and a written list of the dosages and directions.

• #119

  https://elsevier.health/en-US/preview/pruritus

  Pruritus is an itchy feeling on the skin. One of the most common causes is dry skin, but many different things can cause itching. Most cases of itching do not require medical attention. Sometimes itchy skin can turn into a rash or a secondary infection. […] Apply moisturizing creams to your skin frequently, at least twice daily. Apply immediately after bathing while skin is still wet. […] Take medicines or apply medicated creams only as told by your health care provider. […] Do not take hot showers or baths, which can make itching worse. A short, cool shower may help with itching as long as you apply moisturizing lotion after the shower. […] Do not scratch your skin. […] Keep a journal to help find out what is causing your itching. […] Contact a health care provider if the itching does not go away after several days.

• #120 Pruritus: Why Am I Itching? | AAFP

  https://www.aafp.org/pubs/afp/issues/2022/0100/p55-s1.html

  Pruritus (proo-RYE-tis) is itchy skin or a feeling that you need to scratch. It might hurt and can cause sleep problems and depression if it becomes severe. […] Some of the following home care measures may help: […] Avoid items that may be causing the itching, like perfumes, soaps, or detergents. […] Limit water exposure. Try to keep baths and showers short, less than 20 minutes. Avoid hot water; use lukewarm water instead. […] Use gentle moisturizing creams or ointments (such as petroleum jelly) often, especially after bathing. […] Apply cool compresses to itchy areas. […] Keep your bedroom cool at night while you sleep. […] You have severe itching with no obvious cause […] Itching does not get better with home care measures […] Your skin is red, swollen, warm, or leaking fluid

• #121

  https://elsevier.health/en-US/preview/pruritus

  Pruritus is an itchy feeling on the skin. One of the most common causes is dry skin, but many different conditions and factors can cause itching. […] Apply moisturizing creams to your skin frequently, at least twice daily. Apply immediately after bathing while skin is still wet. […] Take medicines or apply medicated creams only as told by your health care provider. […] Do not take hot showers or baths. Do not use scented soaps, detergents, perfumes, or cosmetic products. […] Keep a journal to help find out what is causing your itching.

• #122 Pruritus diagnosis and treatment | Nursing in Practice

  https://www.nursinginpractice.com/clinical/pruritus-diagnosis-and-treatment/

  Pruritus is a common and distressing symptom of many dermatological, systemic and psychological disorders. […] The management of pruritus will be dependent on the underlying cause and diagnosis. Symptomatic measures may be appropriate in patients where no cause can be identified or treated. […] Regardless of the underlying disease, symptom relief is most important to patients. […] Simple measures should be adopted initially such as: Avoiding factors that may contribute to skin dryness such as overheating, hot baths, and soaps, shower and bath products. […] Using emollients for dry skin, including for washing, bathing and showering. […] Patting the skin instead of scratching and keeping nails short. […] Using anti-itch creams containing a moisturiser and additional ingredients such as crotamiton, lauromacrogols, menthol and doxepin is possible.

• #123 Managing Pruritus or Itchy Skin at End of Life

  https://www.crossroadshospice.com/hospice-palliative-care-blog/2018/april/30/managing-pruritus-or-itchy-skin-at-end-of-life/

  Pruritus or itchy skin can be an annoying condition for a healthy individual, but pruritus at end of life can have a powerfully negative effect on a patients quality of life. […] Whenever possible, treatment for the underlying causes of itchy skin should be administered. Moisturizing lotions applied to the skin and added to bath water can be helpful. Bathing should be reduced and tepid water with mild, unscented soap should be used to avoid further irritation. […] Medications including antihistamines can also help to control pruritus at end of life. The hospice care team can assess the best care plan for the individuals specific medical needs. […] Patients should wear loose, non-irritating clothing in a cool, humidified environment. Skin should be dried by patting instead of rubbing. Patients should also avoid any lanolin or perfumed products. […] Crossroads Hospice Palliative Care provides support to patients experiencing pruritus and other end-of-life symptoms.

• #124 Itchy skin – treatments, causes and prevention | healthdirect

  https://www.healthdirect.gov.au/itchy-skin

  Itchy skin is also known as pruritis. […] Itchy skin can occur anywhere on your body. […] Itchy skin is usually not serious. […] If you are unsure about a rash or itch, see your doctor. […] Common causes of itchy skin are: dry skin, insect bites, hives, heat rash, eczema, scabies, psoriasis, obstetric cholestasis. […] If you have itchy skin, here are some things that may help: Try not to scratch the area. The more you scratch, the more your skin will itch. […] Keep your nails short to prevent breaking your skin if you do scratch. […] Try to wear loose cotton clothing. This can help prevent you overheating and making the itch worse. Avoid fabrics like wool which can irritate your skin. […] Use moisturiser all over your skin at least 2 times a day. Use it more often if your skin feels dry. You can buy cooling moisturisers that contain menthol. This can soothe the itch.

• #125 Ways to Relieve Itch from Eczema | National Eczema Association

  https://nationaleczema.org/eczema/itchy-skin/

  Itchy skin is a hallmark symptom of eczema. Learn about ways to manage and relieve eczema itch. Chronic dry, itchy skin is a universal symptom of eczema. For people with eczema, the itch is often the worst part of dealing with this skin condition. It can be incessant and all-consuming both day and night. Itching can affect many aspects of your life, including daily functioning. It can cause you to miss days of work or school, disturb your sleep and affect your mental health. Treating itch caused by eczema can also be very costly. Itch is present in all seven types of eczema. But depending on the type of eczema, the cause and treatment for itch may vary. For atopic dermatitis, the most common type of eczema, nearly 100% of people report itch as one of their major symptoms. In fact, many people in the eczema field refer to atopic dermatitis as the itch that rashes. This means that the intense itch of atopic dermatitis leads to scratching, which results in a visible skin rash. If you have very itchy skin that doesn’t go away, you should see a doctor or dermatologist to determine the cause. When getting an eczema diagnosis from your doctor or a dermatologist you might hear them refer to pruritus, which is the scientific term for itch. Skin itch from eczema is different from itch caused by environmental allergies. Because of this, common medications used for itch, such as antihistamines, do not work well on the itch associated with eczema. Your skin is your first line of defense against the outside world to fend off germs, chemicals and more. When you have eczema, your skin barrier may be weakened, leading to more itchiness. Strengthening your skin barrier can help prevent or treat eczema and your itch. The first step to managing itchy skin is to reduce the risk of it happening in the first place. Whether it’s atopic dermatitis, seborrheic dermatitis or dyshidrotic eczema, getting your eczema under control overall can help relieve itch. This can be done through a daily bathing and moisturizing routine and using prescription medications as prescribed by your doctor. Regular moisturizing of skin is important for eczema. Moisturized skin helps relieve dryness and itching, and it helps to restore the skin barrier, keeping out irritants and allergens. Stopping the itch can be a complicated process, but it is possible. To stop itchy skin, it’s important to understand the cause, accompanying symptoms, treatment options and prevention steps for the future. Here are general tips for itch relief from various types of eczema: Apply a cold compress or ice pack: When your skin is itchy, your body temperature is often higher than it should be. Applying a cold compress or ice pack can bring your temperature down, decreasing the intensity of the itch and/or your skin pain. Pinch and pat the itchy skin (rather than scratching): While scratching brings temporary relief, it’s not good in the long run. Scratched skin will only be itchier and could lead to blisters and scarring. When you feel the urge to scratch, pinch and pat the skin instead. Wear soft, breathable, natural clothing next to your skin: What you wear can make you itchier. Choose soft, breathable clothing made of natural materials to help stop the itch and help prevent future cases of irritated skin. Try wet wrap therapy: Similar to applying a cold compress, wet wrap therapy impacts your body temperature in order to fight against the itch. Soak in a colloidal oatmeal bath: Soak in a colloidal oatmeal to help relieve itch. Protect yourself from night-time scratching: Cotton gloves or cutting fingernails short can help protect the skin from night-time scratching. Try the soak and seal method: Many healthcare providers recommend the soak and seal method to combat dry skin and reduce flares. This method can be done several times a week and involves three steps: bathing, applying topical medications to affected areas and moisturizing the rest of the body. Sleep in a humid room: During winter, indoor heating can dry the air more than normal. A humidifier might help you sleep, because there’s more moisture in the air, helping to keep your skin from drying out. Topical and immunosuppressant medications reduce symptoms of itch. Topical steroids are often used to stop itch and inflammation so the skin can start to heal. For more severe cases of eczema that do not improve with topical medications, doctors may prescribe injectable biologics, oral medications and/or phototherapy.

• #126 Itchy Skin at Night: Causes, Remedies & Treatments

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/24338-itchy-skin-at-night

  Itchy skin at night, also known as nocturnal pruritus, happens when you have the urge to itch and scratch your skin in the middle of the night. This can disturb your sleep. Itchy skin at night can happen because of changes to your body temperature, dry skin or as a symptom of an underlying condition. […] If you have itchy skin at night, your instinct to scratch your skin can wake you up and prevent you from getting a good nights rest. This can affect your physical performance the next day and your mental stamina, especially if youre unable to get a full nights sleep consistently. If you itch your skin to soothe it, youre at a higher risk of breaking open your skin and getting an infection. […] Treatment for itchy skin at night varies based on the cause and could include: Managing or treating any underlying conditions. Changing your hygiene routine by bathing before you go to bed. Using a lotion or moisturizer during the day and before bed. Applying an over-the-counter anti-itch cream to your skin. Adjusting the temperature in your bedroom to be cool (between 60 degrees Fahrenheit to 69 F / 15.55 degrees Celsius to 20.55 C). Applying a cool, wet compress to your skin. Taking melatonin supplements, antihistamines, antidepressants or medication prescribed by your provider. Meeting with a mental health professional to manage stress, anxiety or depression.

• #127 Pruritus: Why Am I Itching? | AAFP

  https://www.aafp.org/pubs/afp/issues/2022/0100/p55-s1.html

  Pruritus (proo-RYE-tis) is itchy skin or a feeling that you need to scratch. It might hurt and can cause sleep problems and depression if it becomes severe. […] Some of the following home care measures may help: […] Avoid items that may be causing the itching, like perfumes, soaps, or detergents. […] Limit water exposure. Try to keep baths and showers short, less than 20 minutes. Avoid hot water; use lukewarm water instead. […] Use gentle moisturizing creams or ointments (such as petroleum jelly) often, especially after bathing. […] Apply cool compresses to itchy areas. […] Keep your bedroom cool at night while you sleep. […] You have severe itching with no obvious cause […] Itching does not get better with home care measures […] Your skin is red, swollen, warm, or leaking fluid

• #128 Itchy skin – treatments, causes and prevention | healthdirect

  https://www.healthdirect.gov.au/itchy-skin

  Itchy skin is also known as pruritis. […] Itchy skin can occur anywhere on your body. […] Itchy skin is usually not serious. […] If you are unsure about a rash or itch, see your doctor. […] Common causes of itchy skin are: dry skin, insect bites, hives, heat rash, eczema, scabies, psoriasis, obstetric cholestasis. […] If you have itchy skin, here are some things that may help: Try not to scratch the area. The more you scratch, the more your skin will itch. […] Keep your nails short to prevent breaking your skin if you do scratch. […] Try to wear loose cotton clothing. This can help prevent you overheating and making the itch worse. Avoid fabrics like wool which can irritate your skin. […] Use moisturiser all over your skin at least 2 times a day. Use it more often if your skin feels dry. You can buy cooling moisturisers that contain menthol. This can soothe the itch.

• #129 Pruritus: Causes & Treatments for Itchy Skin

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/11879-pruritus

  Your provider will diagnose your condition and offer treatment options based on what caused your skin to itch. […] Treatment for pruritus is unique to each person and varies based on what caused your symptoms. Treatment could include: Using a cream, lotion or ointment on your skin. Taking medicine to stop itching. […] You can take steps to treat pruritus at home by: Regularly using creams and lotions to keep your skin moisturized and prevent dry skin. […] Your provider may prescribe medications to treat pruritus, including: Antihistamines. Topical steroids or oral steroids. […] If your itchy skin persists or gets worse after using an anti-itch cream, contact your provider. […] While you can’t prevent all types of pruritus, you can take steps to reduce your risk of getting itchy skin by: Wearing sunscreen when you go outside or wearing UV-protective clothing and accessories.

• #130 Itchy Skin (Pruritus): Causes, Treatment & Prevention | Medcare

  https://www.medcare.ae/en/health-library/itchy-skin-pruritus-possible-causes-treatment-prevention.html

  If your itchy skin is being caused by dry skin or an allergic reaction, the doctor may recommend the following home remedies for itchy skin: Moisturizing the skin frequently. Applying cold compresses. Taking a bath or showering with lukewarm water. Applying over-the-counter ointments such as hydrocortisone cream. Reducing exposure to high heat. […] To treat itchy skin caused by systemic disease, the doctor will treat the underlying condition, the itchy skin will subside along with it or will prescribe medications to ease the itching. These itchy skin treatments may include: Oral medications such as Antihistamines. Topical creams such as hydro cortisone moisturizer cream. Light therapy sessions. […] Itchy skin can be prevented by following these steps: Using skin moisturizers creams daily to prevent dry skin. Moisturizing the skin after taking a shower. Using sunscreen to prevent skin damage sunburns. Showering/bathing in lukewarm water. Using soap that wont harm or irritate the skin. Reducing the use of synthetic fabrics wool. Using a humidifier.

• #131 Ways to Relieve Itch from Eczema | National Eczema Association

  https://nationaleczema.org/eczema/itchy-skin/

  Itchy skin is a hallmark symptom of eczema. Learn about ways to manage and relieve eczema itch. Chronic dry, itchy skin is a universal symptom of eczema. For people with eczema, the itch is often the worst part of dealing with this skin condition. It can be incessant and all-consuming both day and night. Itching can affect many aspects of your life, including daily functioning. It can cause you to miss days of work or school, disturb your sleep and affect your mental health. Treating itch caused by eczema can also be very costly. Itch is present in all seven types of eczema. But depending on the type of eczema, the cause and treatment for itch may vary. For atopic dermatitis, the most common type of eczema, nearly 100% of people report itch as one of their major symptoms. In fact, many people in the eczema field refer to atopic dermatitis as the itch that rashes. This means that the intense itch of atopic dermatitis leads to scratching, which results in a visible skin rash. If you have very itchy skin that doesn’t go away, you should see a doctor or dermatologist to determine the cause. When getting an eczema diagnosis from your doctor or a dermatologist you might hear them refer to pruritus, which is the scientific term for itch. Skin itch from eczema is different from itch caused by environmental allergies. Because of this, common medications used for itch, such as antihistamines, do not work well on the itch associated with eczema. Your skin is your first line of defense against the outside world to fend off germs, chemicals and more. When you have eczema, your skin barrier may be weakened, leading to more itchiness. Strengthening your skin barrier can help prevent or treat eczema and your itch. The first step to managing itchy skin is to reduce the risk of it happening in the first place. Whether it’s atopic dermatitis, seborrheic dermatitis or dyshidrotic eczema, getting your eczema under control overall can help relieve itch. This can be done through a daily bathing and moisturizing routine and using prescription medications as prescribed by your doctor. Regular moisturizing of skin is important for eczema. Moisturized skin helps relieve dryness and itching, and it helps to restore the skin barrier, keeping out irritants and allergens. Stopping the itch can be a complicated process, but it is possible. To stop itchy skin, it’s important to understand the cause, accompanying symptoms, treatment options and prevention steps for the future. Here are general tips for itch relief from various types of eczema: Apply a cold compress or ice pack: When your skin is itchy, your body temperature is often higher than it should be. Applying a cold compress or ice pack can bring your temperature down, decreasing the intensity of the itch and/or your skin pain. Pinch and pat the itchy skin (rather than scratching): While scratching brings temporary relief, it’s not good in the long run. Scratched skin will only be itchier and could lead to blisters and scarring. When you feel the urge to scratch, pinch and pat the skin instead. Wear soft, breathable, natural clothing next to your skin: What you wear can make you itchier. Choose soft, breathable clothing made of natural materials to help stop the itch and help prevent future cases of irritated skin. Try wet wrap therapy: Similar to applying a cold compress, wet wrap therapy impacts your body temperature in order to fight against the itch. Soak in a colloidal oatmeal bath: Soak in a colloidal oatmeal to help relieve itch. Protect yourself from night-time scratching: Cotton gloves or cutting fingernails short can help protect the skin from night-time scratching. Try the soak and seal method: Many healthcare providers recommend the soak and seal method to combat dry skin and reduce flares. This method can be done several times a week and involves three steps: bathing, applying topical medications to affected areas and moisturizing the rest of the body. Sleep in a humid room: During winter, indoor heating can dry the air more than normal. A humidifier might help you sleep, because there’s more moisture in the air, helping to keep your skin from drying out. Topical and immunosuppressant medications reduce symptoms of itch. Topical steroids are often used to stop itch and inflammation so the skin can start to heal. For more severe cases of eczema that do not improve with topical medications, doctors may prescribe injectable biologics, oral medications and/or phototherapy.

• #132 Find Relief for Post Burn Injury Itchy Skin | MSKTC

  https://msktc.org/burn/factsheets/itchy-skin-after-burn-injury

  Gabapentin, pregabalin, and tricyclic antidepressants are commonly used oral medications that must be prescribed. They act centrally in your brain to help decrease itching. […] Antihistamines work by blocking histamine, which triggers itching. Common antihistamines that can be purchased over the counter include diphenhydramine (e.g., Benadryl), cetirizine, loratadine, and hydroxyzine. […] Pressure garments and other supportive dressings (such as Tubigrip elasticated tubular bandage, Elastinet) or tight-fitting sport clothing may help during the first months and up to the first year following a burn injury. […] Skin massage with lotion and/or touching with firm pressure on healed areas can help reduce itching. Strongly patting on the itchy spot rather than scratching is preferable. […] Laser therapy is a newer form of treatment that may help with itchy skin. This method provides gradual relief and may require three to six sessions of therapy to get the most benefit.

• #133 Itchy skin – treatments, causes and prevention | healthdirect

  https://www.healthdirect.gov.au/itchy-skin

  Itchy skin is also known as pruritis. […] Itchy skin can occur anywhere on your body. […] Itchy skin is usually not serious. […] If you are unsure about a rash or itch, see your doctor. […] Common causes of itchy skin are: dry skin, insect bites, hives, heat rash, eczema, scabies, psoriasis, obstetric cholestasis. […] If you have itchy skin, here are some things that may help: Try not to scratch the area. The more you scratch, the more your skin will itch. […] Keep your nails short to prevent breaking your skin if you do scratch. […] Try to wear loose cotton clothing. This can help prevent you overheating and making the itch worse. Avoid fabrics like wool which can irritate your skin. […] Use moisturiser all over your skin at least 2 times a day. Use it more often if your skin feels dry. You can buy cooling moisturisers that contain menthol. This can soothe the itch.

• #134 Ways to Relieve Itch from Eczema | National Eczema Association

  https://nationaleczema.org/eczema/itchy-skin/

  Itchy skin is a hallmark symptom of eczema. Learn about ways to manage and relieve eczema itch. Chronic dry, itchy skin is a universal symptom of eczema. For people with eczema, the itch is often the worst part of dealing with this skin condition. It can be incessant and all-consuming both day and night. Itching can affect many aspects of your life, including daily functioning. It can cause you to miss days of work or school, disturb your sleep and affect your mental health. Treating itch caused by eczema can also be very costly. Itch is present in all seven types of eczema. But depending on the type of eczema, the cause and treatment for itch may vary. For atopic dermatitis, the most common type of eczema, nearly 100% of people report itch as one of their major symptoms. In fact, many people in the eczema field refer to atopic dermatitis as the itch that rashes. This means that the intense itch of atopic dermatitis leads to scratching, which results in a visible skin rash. If you have very itchy skin that doesn’t go away, you should see a doctor or dermatologist to determine the cause. When getting an eczema diagnosis from your doctor or a dermatologist you might hear them refer to pruritus, which is the scientific term for itch. Skin itch from eczema is different from itch caused by environmental allergies. Because of this, common medications used for itch, such as antihistamines, do not work well on the itch associated with eczema. Your skin is your first line of defense against the outside world to fend off germs, chemicals and more. When you have eczema, your skin barrier may be weakened, leading to more itchiness. Strengthening your skin barrier can help prevent or treat eczema and your itch. The first step to managing itchy skin is to reduce the risk of it happening in the first place. Whether it’s atopic dermatitis, seborrheic dermatitis or dyshidrotic eczema, getting your eczema under control overall can help relieve itch. This can be done through a daily bathing and moisturizing routine and using prescription medications as prescribed by your doctor. Regular moisturizing of skin is important for eczema. Moisturized skin helps relieve dryness and itching, and it helps to restore the skin barrier, keeping out irritants and allergens. Stopping the itch can be a complicated process, but it is possible. To stop itchy skin, it’s important to understand the cause, accompanying symptoms, treatment options and prevention steps for the future. Here are general tips for itch relief from various types of eczema: Apply a cold compress or ice pack: When your skin is itchy, your body temperature is often higher than it should be. Applying a cold compress or ice pack can bring your temperature down, decreasing the intensity of the itch and/or your skin pain. Pinch and pat the itchy skin (rather than scratching): While scratching brings temporary relief, it’s not good in the long run. Scratched skin will only be itchier and could lead to blisters and scarring. When you feel the urge to scratch, pinch and pat the skin instead. Wear soft, breathable, natural clothing next to your skin: What you wear can make you itchier. Choose soft, breathable clothing made of natural materials to help stop the itch and help prevent future cases of irritated skin. Try wet wrap therapy: Similar to applying a cold compress, wet wrap therapy impacts your body temperature in order to fight against the itch. Soak in a colloidal oatmeal bath: Soak in a colloidal oatmeal to help relieve itch. Protect yourself from night-time scratching: Cotton gloves or cutting fingernails short can help protect the skin from night-time scratching. Try the soak and seal method: Many healthcare providers recommend the soak and seal method to combat dry skin and reduce flares. This method can be done several times a week and involves three steps: bathing, applying topical medications to affected areas and moisturizing the rest of the body. Sleep in a humid room: During winter, indoor heating can dry the air more than normal. A humidifier might help you sleep, because there’s more moisture in the air, helping to keep your skin from drying out. Topical and immunosuppressant medications reduce symptoms of itch. Topical steroids are often used to stop itch and inflammation so the skin can start to heal. For more severe cases of eczema that do not improve with topical medications, doctors may prescribe injectable biologics, oral medications and/or phototherapy.

• #135 Itchy skin (pruritus) | UM Health-Sparrow

  https://www.uofmhealthsparrow.org/departments-conditions/conditions/itchy-skin-pruritus

  If your skin is itchy and inflamed, your health care provider may suggest applying a medicated cream or ointment to the affected areas. […] If you have severe or long-term itching, your health care provider might suggest this bedtime routine: Bathe in plain lukewarm water for 20 minutes, and then apply triamcinolone .025% to 0.1% ointment to the wet skin. […] Short-term use of nonprescription corticosteroid cream may offer short-term relief of itchy, inflamed skin. […] Cover the itchy area if you can’t keep from scratching it. Trim your nails and, if it helps, wear gloves when you sleep. […] For temporary relief of itching, try these self-care measures: Apply hypoallergenic and fragrance-free moisturizer (Cetaphil, others) to affected skin at least once a day. […] Stress or anxiety can worsen itching. Many people have found that counseling, behavior modification therapy, acupuncture, meditation and yoga can help reduce stress or anxiety. […] Some nonprescription allergy medicines (antihistamines), such as diphenhydramine, can make you drowsy. This type of pill might be helpful before bedtime if your itchy skin disrupts your sleep.

• #136 Itching and chronic kidney disease (CKD) | Kidney Care UK

  https://kidneycareuk.org/kidney-disease-information/living-with-kidney-disease/managing-symptoms/patient-info-itching-and-chronic-kidney-disease-ckd/

  Itching can be difficult to treat, and you may need to try different treatments before you find one that works for you. […] If itching becomes a major problem, you may decide to seek psychological support as there are tools available that can help you to manage, such as breathing techniques and mindfulness. Speak to your kidney team for advice.

• #137

  https://elsevier.health/en-US/preview/pruritus

  Pruritus is an itchy feeling on the skin. One of the most common causes is dry skin, but many different things can cause itching. Most cases of itching do not require medical attention. Sometimes itchy skin can turn into a rash or a secondary infection. […] Apply moisturizing creams to your skin frequently, at least twice daily. Apply immediately after bathing while skin is still wet. […] Take medicines or apply medicated creams only as told by your health care provider. […] Do not take hot showers or baths, which can make itching worse. A short, cool shower may help with itching as long as you apply moisturizing lotion after the shower. […] Do not scratch your skin. […] Keep a journal to help find out what is causing your itching. […] Contact a health care provider if the itching does not go away after several days.

• #138 Pruritus: Causes & Treatments for Itchy Skin

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/11879-pruritus

  Your provider will diagnose your condition and offer treatment options based on what caused your skin to itch. […] Treatment for pruritus is unique to each person and varies based on what caused your symptoms. Treatment could include: Using a cream, lotion or ointment on your skin. Taking medicine to stop itching. […] You can take steps to treat pruritus at home by: Regularly using creams and lotions to keep your skin moisturized and prevent dry skin. […] Your provider may prescribe medications to treat pruritus, including: Antihistamines. Topical steroids or oral steroids. […] If your itchy skin persists or gets worse after using an anti-itch cream, contact your provider. […] While you can’t prevent all types of pruritus, you can take steps to reduce your risk of getting itchy skin by: Wearing sunscreen when you go outside or wearing UV-protective clothing and accessories.

• #139 Itchy skin (pruritus) – Symptoms and causes – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/itchy-skin/symptoms-causes/syc-20355006

  Itchy skin is an irritating sensation that makes you want to scratch. It’s also called pruritus (proo-RIE-tus). Itchy skin is often caused by dry skin and is common in older adults, as skin tends to become drier with age. […] Many people find relief with self-care measures such as moisturizers, gentle cleansers and lukewarm baths. Long-term relief requires identifying and treating the cause of itchy skin. Common treatments are medicated creams, moist dressings and anti-itch medicines taken by mouth. […] See your health care provider or a skin disease specialist (dermatologist) if the itching: Lasts more than two weeks and doesn’t improve with self-care measures. […] Itchy skin that is severe or lasts more than six weeks can affect the quality of your life. This type is called chronic pruritus. It might disturb your sleep or cause anxiety or depression. Prolonged itching and scratching can increase the intensity of the itch, possibly leading to skin injury, infection and scarring.

• #140 Pruritus: Why Am I Itching? | AAFP

  https://www.aafp.org/pubs/afp/issues/2022/0100/p55-s1.html

  Pruritus (proo-RYE-tis) is itchy skin or a feeling that you need to scratch. It might hurt and can cause sleep problems and depression if it becomes severe. […] Some of the following home care measures may help: […] Avoid items that may be causing the itching, like perfumes, soaps, or detergents. […] Limit water exposure. Try to keep baths and showers short, less than 20 minutes. Avoid hot water; use lukewarm water instead. […] Use gentle moisturizing creams or ointments (such as petroleum jelly) often, especially after bathing. […] Apply cool compresses to itchy areas. […] Keep your bedroom cool at night while you sleep. […] You have severe itching with no obvious cause […] Itching does not get better with home care measures […] Your skin is red, swollen, warm, or leaking fluid

• #141 Pruritus diagnosis and treatment | Nursing in Practice

  https://www.nursinginpractice.com/clinical/pruritus-diagnosis-and-treatment/

  Using topical corticosteroids if there is an inflammatory skin condition. […] Taking antihistamines may help to improve some causes of pruritus. […] Other interventions may include the use of behaviour modification including habit reversal training, phototherapy, the use of systemic medications, which include antidepressants such as tricyclic and SSRIs and anticonvulsants such as gabapentin and pregabalin. […] Although many treatment options are currently available, chronic pruritus remains a therapeutic challenge and often requires the use of combination therapies over a long period of time.

• #142 Diagnosis and treatment of pruritus

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5729138/

  Pruritus is the most common cutaneous symptom, yet it is difficult to diagnose and manage. […] The dominant causes of generalized itch are xerosis and eczema. Most patients will improve with nonpharmacologic therapy including frequent moisturization. […] Whenever possible, treatment should be directed at the primary cause of itch. Nonpharmacologic, topical, and systemic therapies are available. […] Many patients will benefit from nonpharmacologic therapies including frequent moisturization, avoiding overbathing, behavioural therapy, and breaking the itch-scratch cycle. Various topical and systemic therapies are available that could help patients who do not benefit from nonpharmacologic measures. […] The approach described allows for a streamlined assessment and accurate differentiation of most patients with itch in primary care.

• #143 Itch, pruritus

  https://dermnetnz.org/topics/pruritus

  Pruritus is the medical term for itch. Itch is an unpleasant sensation on the skin that provokes the desire to rub or scratch the area to obtain relief. Itch can cause discomfort and frustration; in severe cases it can lead to disturbed sleep, anxiety and depression. Constant scratching to obtain relief can damage the skin (excoriation, lichenification) and reduce its effectiveness as a major protective barrier. […] Pruritus is often a symptom of an underlying disease process such as a skin problem, a systemic disease, or abnormal nerve impulses. […] The management of pruritus relies on establishing the cause and then either removing or treating the cause to prevent further itching. In many cases, tests are necessary to determine the cause; while these are in progress, treatment to provide symptomatic relief of pruritus may be given.

• #144 Itch, pruritus

  https://dermnetnz.org/topics/pruritus

  In addition to specific therapy for any underlying skin or internal disease, topical treatment may include: Wet dressings or tepid shower to cool the skin, Calamine lotion (contains phenol, which cools the skin): avoid on dry skin and limit use to a few days, Menthol/camphor lotion: gives a chilling sensation, Local anaesthetics, such as pramoxine (also called pramocaine), applied to small itchy spots such as insect bites, Regular use of emollients, especially if skin is dry, Mild topical corticosteroids for short periods, Topical calcineurin inhibitors are also used to reduce itch associated with inflammatory skin conditions, Topical doxepin, a tricyclic antidepressant and antihistamine, is an antipruritic used in eczema. […] If pruritus is severe and sleep is disturbed treatment with oral medication may be necessary. Some drugs may help to relieve the itch whilst others are given solely for their sedative effects. […] The management of chronic severe itch is difficult and often requires the use of combination therapy over a long period of time. Identification and treatment of underlying conditions causing pruritus may help in this process. The symptom may quickly disappear or persist for long periods of time.

• #145 Pruritus: Causes & Treatments for Itchy Skin

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/11879-pruritus

  Pruritus will cause skin irritation and discomfort that can make it difficult for you to sleep. […] Sometimes, pruritus can be persistent (chronic) and last for more than six weeks or it can be a sign of an underlying condition. […] Contact your healthcare provider if: You have itchiness that lasts longer than a couple of weeks. […] Treat your itchy skin at home by using moisturizer, anti-itch creams, applying a cold compress or taking a warm bath.

• #146 Pruritus | Palliative Care Network of Wisconsin

  https://www.mypcnow.org/fast-fact/pruritus/

  Pruritus (itching) is a common and often distressing symptom near the end of life. The itch sensation may arise from stimulation of the skin itch receptor via unmyelinated C fibers, or itch may arise as a central phenomenon without skin involvement (e.g. opioid induced pruritus). Although histamine causes pruritus, many patients with pruritis show no signs of histamine release. Besides histamine, serotonin, prostaglandins, kinins, proteases and physical stimuli have all been implicated as mediators of pruritus. […] Beyond eliminating the cause whenever possible, symptomatic strategies include: […] Moisturizers: Dryness (xerosis) is very common and may exacerbate other causes. The mainstay of treatment is skin hydration. […] Antihistamines may be helpful in relieving itch when associated with histamine release.

• #147 Pruritus (itchy skin) | American Kidney Fund

  https://www.kidneyfund.org/living-kidney-disease/health-problems-caused-kidney-disease/pruritus-itchy-skin

  Pruritus is distressing, itchy skin. The itchy feeling can be so constant and uncomfortable that it may disrupt your sleep and affect your mental health and overall quality of life. It can be especially severe and troubling in people who are in kidney failure, also called end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) or end-stage renal disease (ESRD). Pruritus is more common in people who are on dialysis. […] To treat pruritus, your doctor or dialysis care team may: […] Talk with your doctor if you feel itchy, even if you have asked them about it before or tried treatments that have not worked in the past. There are many ways to treat pruritus. […] Living with pruritus for weeks, months or years can take a toll on your mental and emotional health. The constant prickling of itchy skin and the urge to scratch can be distressing and can: […] Pruritus is distressing, itchy skin, which is common in people on dialysis.

• #148 Itch, pruritus

  https://dermnetnz.org/topics/pruritus

  In addition to specific therapy for any underlying skin or internal disease, topical treatment may include: Wet dressings or tepid shower to cool the skin, Calamine lotion (contains phenol, which cools the skin): avoid on dry skin and limit use to a few days, Menthol/camphor lotion: gives a chilling sensation, Local anaesthetics, such as pramoxine (also called pramocaine), applied to small itchy spots such as insect bites, Regular use of emollients, especially if skin is dry, Mild topical corticosteroids for short periods, Topical calcineurin inhibitors are also used to reduce itch associated with inflammatory skin conditions, Topical doxepin, a tricyclic antidepressant and antihistamine, is an antipruritic used in eczema. […] If pruritus is severe and sleep is disturbed treatment with oral medication may be necessary. Some drugs may help to relieve the itch whilst others are given solely for their sedative effects. […] The management of chronic severe itch is difficult and often requires the use of combination therapy over a long period of time. Identification and treatment of underlying conditions causing pruritus may help in this process. The symptom may quickly disappear or persist for long periods of time.

• #149 Assessing and Treating Itch | Ausmed

  https://www.ausmed.com/learn/articles/assessing-and-treating-itch

  Across clinical settings, pruritus (or itch) challenges care outcomes, can be hard to treat, and impacts quality of life, mental health and mortality. […] Assessing and treating itch as early as possible is an important facet of effective patient care. […] Determining the underlying cause of pruritus and individualizing treatment will require a nursing assessment, which should include a full history as well as a skin examination. […] The first line of management for mild, localized pruritus is topical therapies. Systemic strategies are added depending on severity and extent. […] Individual evaluation with considered methodical care and management will help to aid this complex issue and provide much-needed relief to your patient.

• #150 Pruritus: Diagnosis and Management | AAFP

  https://www.aafp.org/pubs/afp/issues/2022/0100/p55.html

  Pruritus is the sensation of itching; it can be caused by dermatologic and systemic conditions. A thorough skin examination, including visualization of the finger webs, anogenital region, nails, and scalp, is essential. General management includes trigger avoidance, liberal emollient use, limiting water exposure, and administration of oral antihistamines and topical corticosteroids. […] When inadequately treated, pruritus can adversely affect a patient’s quality of life by altering mood, stress levels, and sleep. […] The physical examination for pruritus should include a complete dermatologic assessment. […] Encourage liberal use of emollients and limiting water exposure to reduce dry skin. […] Initial specific pharmacotherapy may include oral antihistamines for histamine-associated pruritic disorders or topical corticosteroids for pruritus associated with inflammatory dermatoses. […] Frequent follow-up is recommended to assess responses to treatment modalities.

Zobacz więcej