Materiały źródłowe

• #1 Understanding Dry Mouth: Causes and Tips for Relief | Prairie Dental Group

  https://www.prairiedental.com/blog/dry-mouth/

  Dry mouth treatment, therapy, is essential for managing the condition effectively. […] Staying hydrated is essential for oral health. Regularly drinking water throughout the day can alleviate dryness and encourage saliva production. […] Chewing sugar-free gum or sucking on sugar-free lozenges can stimulate saliva flow and provide temporary relief from dry mouth symptoms. […] Reducing the intake of caffeine and alcohol, which can lead to dehydration and reduced saliva production, helps lessen xerostomia symptoms. […] Products like Biotene and other over-the-counter saliva substitutes can moisturize the mouth and relieve dryness. These substitutes are designed to mimic natural saliva, offering comfort and relief. […] By understanding the causes of reduced saliva and implementing effective relief strategies, you can manage this condition for better oral health and comfort. […] If chronic dry mouth is a concern, the team at Prairie Dental Group in Eden Prairie, MN, is ready to help. Contact us for personalized care and expert advice on managing your dry mouth effectively.

• #2 Dry mouth | Better Health Channel

  https://www.betterhealth.vic.gov.au/health/conditionsandtreatments/dry-mouth

  A dry mouth is a symptom of an underlying problem, rather than a condition in itself. […] Treatment includes products that help to moisten the mouth. […] Treatment depends on the cause, but may include: Changes to medicines – if you are taking a medicine that causes dry mouth as a side effect, the doctor who prescribed it may be able to change the dose or prescribe something different. […] Saliva substitutes – your doctor or dentist can prescribe an artificial saliva substitute. Use strictly as directed. […] Dry mouth products – these products contain ingredients such as lubricants that may help treat your dry mouth. The product range includes toothpaste, mouthwash, gums and topical gels. Speak to your dentist for recommendations. […] Dental products – these products may contain high fluoride or calcium to help prevent tooth decay. Speak to your dentist for recommendations.

• #3 Dry Mouth (Xerostomia)

  https://www.nccs.com.sg/patient-care/Pages/Dry-mouth.aspx

  Saliva is produced by our salivary glands, and helps us with chewing, tasting, swallowing and talking. In addition, saliva starts the digestion process by breaking down food in the mouth, and prevents mouth infections by cleaning the teeth and gums. When there is a reduced amount of saliva in the mouth (a condition known as dry mouth or xerostomia), these actions become difficult to achieve. If severe, dry mouth may even affect a persons nutritional status. […] The severity of dry mouth can range from mild to severe, and possible causes include: […] Radiation therapy to the head, neck or mouth area. This can damage the salivary glands and affect the amount or flow of saliva produced during the first 2-3 weeks of radiation therapy. You may see improvements in your dry mouth during the first year after treatment, but some people continue to experience a certain extent of dry mouth in the long term, especially if the treatment was directed at the salivary glands.

• #4 Dry Mouth (Xerostomia)

  https://www.nccs.com.sg/patient-care/Pages/Dry-mouth.aspx

  Chemotherapy. This is usually temporary and will improve in about 2-8 weeks after the treatment ends. […] Surgery that removes the salivary glands. Examples include surgery for salivary gland or mouth cancer. These cause permanent dry mouth. […] Medications. Certain medicines such as those for allergies (antihistamines), mood (antidepressants), increasing urination (diuretics) and pain (opioids) can cause dry mouth. […] Mouth infection […] Dehydration […] Graft versus host disease of the mouth. This may occur after a stem cell transplant, when the transplanted cells from the donor attack the salivary glands and soft tissues in your mouth. […] Smoking and drinking alcohol can worsen dry mouth. […] Dry mouth can be managed based on its cause. For instance, treatment of a mouth infection will improve dry mouth that is caused by the infection. Your doctor or nurse may recommend moisturizing mouth products that you can use, for instance artificial saliva rinses, sprays or gels. Discuss with your doctor or nurse if it is advisable for you to visit the dentist, particularly if you are undergoing anticancer treatment. Dental procedures should be done preferably 2-3 weeks prior to starting anticancer treatments.

• #5 Dry Mouth: Medications and their Effects on Saliva

  https://ostrowonline.usc.edu/medications-that-cause-dry-mouth/

  By far, the most common cause of long standing dry mouth particularly in older adults is the use of xerogenic medications. […] There are now projected to be over a thousand medications associated with subjective and/or objective oral dryness either by interfering with the production of saliva or the pathways responsible for saliva secretions. […] Most commonly the inhibition is due to the impact of the drug on central and peripheral receptors resulting in anticholinergic activity against the M3 muscarinic receptors; the end result being reduced salivation. […] A review of oral side effects of 131 of the most frequently prescribed drugs in the USA in 1992 showed dry mouth or xerostomia to be the most common oral side effect (80.5%) followed by alteration in taste (47.5%) and stomatitis (33.95%).

• #6 Dry Mouth (Xerostomia): Causes, Symptoms & Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/10902-dry-mouth-xerostomia

  The main goal of dry mouth treatment is to increase saliva production. This will, in turn, reduce your risk for tooth decay and gum disease. […] Specific dry mouth treatment depends on the underlying cause. For instance, if your provider suspects a medication is causing dry mouth, theyll see if they can adjust your dosage. Or you might be able to switch to another medication altogether. (You should always talk to your healthcare provider before stopping a medication.) If you developed dry mouth as a symptom of a health condition, treating the underlying issue may help. […] Other treatment options include: Prescription-strength dry mouth lozenges like Sorbitol (Numoisyn). Saliva production stimulators like Cevimeline (Evoxac) and Pilocarpine (Salagen). Surgical salivary gland repair (less common).

• #7 Dry Mouth

  https://www.aaom.com/dry-mouth

  The many causes of dry mouth, combined with its variable severity, mandate that treatment be individually tailored to fit each patients situation. The treatment goals are summarized to the right. […] For other medication-induced cases, the prescribing physician may be able to either prescribe an alternate drug or adjust the dosing of the offending drug in order to reduce the drying side affect. However, to treat most instances of dry mouth, it will be necessary to use a combination of the various strategies discussed below. […] Due to your increased risk for oral disease, your dentist may recommend you undergo more frequent check-ups, professional cleanings and in-office fluoride applications. […] Your ability to consistently accomplish these daily oral hygiene measures, as instructed by your dentist, is one of the most important steps in successfully managing the complications of oral dryness.

• #8 Dry Mouth Treatments: Identifying the Causes of Dry Mouth

  https://www.webmd.com/oral-health/dry-mouth-treatments

  Treatment for dry mouth depends on what is causing the problem. Generally, treatment of a dry mouth focuses on three areas: […] If dry mouth is caused by something like medication — it is a common side effect of drugs used to treat depression, anxiety, pain, allergies (antihistamines and decongestants), diarrhea, urinary incontinence, and Parkinson’s disease — your dentist or doctor will consider making a change. […] However, if the underlying medical condition causing the dry mouth cannot be changed – for example, if the salivary gland has been damaged from radiation or chemotherapy treatments or is a consequence of a disease itself (for example, Sjgren’s syndrome, Alzheimer’s disease, stroke) treatment will focus on ways to increase saliva flow (see below). […] If you have dry mouth, your dentist or doctor may recommend the use of artificial saliva products.

• #9 Xerostomia (Dry Mouth) | American Dental Association

  https://www.ada.org/resources/ada-library/oral-health-topics/xerostomia

  Salivary stimulants should be considered in patients with residual salivary gland function. […] Sugar-free chewing gum, candies, and mints can be used to stimulate salivary output. […] The FDA has approved two oral sialologues–pilocarpine (Salagen, Eisai and generics) and cevimeline hydrochloride (Evoxac capsules, Daiichi-Sankyo and generics) to treat dry mouth. […] Artificial saliva products and oral moisturizers are available with or without prescription. […] Saliva substitutes are used as often as needed and although they do not cure dry mouth, they can provide temporary relief of symptoms. […] A 2011 Cochrane review found no strong evidence that any specific topical therapy (e.g., sprays, lozenges, mouth rinses, gels, oils, chewing gum, or toothpastes) was effective for relieving the symptoms of dry mouth.

• #10 Dry mouth: Causes, symptoms, and treatment

  https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/187640

  Treatment for dry mouth depends on several factors, such as whether the person has an underlying condition or disease, or is taking certain medications that may be causing dry mouth. […] If a particular medication is thought to cause the dry mouth, the doctor will either adjust the dosage or prescribe another drug that is less likely to cause dry mouth. […] A doctor may prescribe medication, such as pilocarpine (Salagen) or cevimeline (Evoxac), to stimulate the production of saliva. […] Treatment for the symptoms of dry mouth typically includes four areas: increasing the flow of saliva, replacing lost secretions, managing dental cavities, and taking specific measures, such as treating infections. […] A person with dry mouth should pay special attention to oral and dental hygiene. Brushing teeth and flossing regularly are important. Other important steps include plaque removal and treating gum infections, inflammation, and dental cavities.

• #11 Dry mouth

  https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/dry-mouth/

  A dry mouth is rarely a sign of anything serious. There are things you can do to help ease it yourself. See a GP if these do not work or you also have other symptoms. […] If you have a dry mouth, ask a pharmacist about treatments you can buy to help keep your mouth moist. […] You can get: gels, sprays, tablets or lozenges. […] Not all products are suitable for everyone. Ask a pharmacist for advice about the best one for you. […] The GP can check what the cause might be and recommend treatment for it. […] A pharmacist may be able to suggest things to provide relief from your symptoms while you’re waiting to talk to a GP.

• #12 Dry Mouth

  https://www.aaom.com/dry-mouth

  For most patients with dry mouth, mouth rinses that are alcohol free are preferred. […] However, some patients may benefit from targeted drug therapy to address their dry mouth. […] Pharmacologic agents used to increase salivary flow are called secretogogues. Currently there are two prescription drugs available: pilocarpine (Salagen, MGI Pharma) and cevimeline (Evoxac, Daiichi Sanko, Inc). […] Both these drugs are approved for the management of dry mouth associated with Sjgrens syndrome, and pilocarpine is also approved for management of dry mouth caused by head and neck radiation therapy.

• #13 FF #182 Xerostomia | Palliative Care Network of Wisconsin

  https://www.mypcnow.org/fast-fact/xerostomia/

  Xerostomia (dry mouth) is a common symptom at the end of life – affecting more than 75% of hospice patients – and is a cause of significant morbidity and diminished quality of life. This Fast Fact will review the causes and treatments of xerostomia. […] Treatment […] Address underlying causes. Eliminate unnecessary drugs or substitute less drying ones. If this is not feasible, titrate to lowest effective dose or modify dosing schedule. Replacing immediate-release with controlled-release formulations of some drugs may help (e.g. with oxybutynin and tolterodine for overactive bladder). […] Stimulate residual gland function. Sugarless gums and candies can stimulate salivary reflexes. Products sweetened with xylitol are anticariogenic; those containing vitamin C may reduce salivary viscosity. Cholinergic agonists such as pilocarpine and cevimeline. Therapeutic effect is rapid for drug-related xerostomia; latency is greater (often 8-12 weeks) for xerostomia related to radiotherapy. Pilocarpine is started at 5 mg po tid and can be titrated to 10 mg po tid. Cevimeline is dosed at 30 mg po tid. Urinary frequency, dizziness, and sweating are common side effects and may be attenuated with intake of dairy products. These agents are contraindicated in asthma, acute iritis, and narrow-angle glaucoma, and should be used with caution in COPD and cardiac disease.

• #14 Dry mouth – Diagnosis and treatment – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/dry-mouth/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20356052

  Your treatment depends on the cause of your dry mouth. Your healthcare professional may: […] Recommend products to moisturize your mouth. These products can include prescription medicines or mouth rinses available without a prescription, artificial saliva, or moisturizers to lubricate your mouth. Mouthwashes designed for dry mouth, especially ones with xylitol, can be effective. Examples include Biotene Dry Mouth Oral Rinse or Act Dry Mouth Mouthwash. […] If your mouth is extremely dry due to Sjogren syndrome or radiation treatment for head and neck cancer, your healthcare professional may prescribe pilocarpine (Salagen) to help you make more saliva. Or cevimeline (Evoxac) may be prescribed to help you make more saliva if you have Sjogren syndrome.

• #15 Dry Mouth – Virginia Cancer Institute

  https://www.vacancer.com/diagnosis-and-treatment/side-effects-of-cancer/dry-mouth/

  Pilocarpine (Salagen®) tablets: The drug pilocarpine stimulates salivary flow from the minor salivary glands that are known to be rich in mucin, a component of saliva that acts as a lubricant and protects the lining of the mouth and throat. Pilocarpine appears to be moderately effective in relieving symptoms of a dry mouth. […] Amifostine (Ethyol®): Ethyol® is a drug that protects against the damage of radiation. Clinical trials have demonstrated that Ethyol® can reduce dry mouth and may prevent mouth sores. […] Cryotherapy (ice chips): Symptomatic relief from dry mouth can be achieved by sucking ice chips when the chemotherapy drug is most concentrated in the body. This technique, called cryotherapy, works by decreasing blood flow to the cells in the mouth, reducing exposure to the drug and decreasing the risk of developing mouth sores. […] If you are suffering from a dry mouth, it is very important to maintain good oral hygiene in order to prevent infection or tooth decay.

• #16 Cancer treatment-related xerostomia: basics, therapeutics, and future perspectives | European Journal of Medical Research | Full Text

  https://eurjmedres.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s40001-024-02167-x

  Corticosteroids have been recently utilized for cancer treatment-related, mainly immunotherapy-related xerostomia. […] Superoxide dismutase mimetics, such as MnTE-2-PyP manganese porphyrin and avasopasem manganese, have been previously studied for cancer treatment-related xerostomia, showing effectiveness in reducing post-radiation xerostomia and mucositis. […] Autologous mesenchymal stem cells have attracted attention in regenerative medicine due to their unique ability in modulating immune responses and promote tissue repair. […] Moisturizing oral products such as oral rinses, gels, mouthwashes, lip balms, and artificial saliva can temporarily relieve xerostomia symptoms. […] Salivary substitutes mimic the composition and function of natural saliva, providing lubrication and moisture to the oral mucosa.

• #17 Medical Over-the-Counter Remedies for Dry Mouth – University of Mississippi Medical Center

  https://umc.edu/Healthcare/ENT/Patient-Handouts/Adult/Speech-Language-Pathology/Swallowing/Dry-Mouth-Saliva-Substitutes.html

  Xerostomia or „Dry Mouth” is an abnormal dryness of the mouth caused by a decrease in saliva production. This occurs when the salivary glands stop working or do not function properly, leaving the mouth dry and uncomfortable. […] Any of these products can be purchased over-the-counter to help manage these symptoms. These products are often referred to as „saliva substitutes.” […] These products can be purchased through common retailers such as: […] You do not need a prescription for these products. These products can come in different forms: gel, spray, moisturizer, or toothpaste.

• #18 Dry mouth treatment: Tips for controlling dry mouth

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/dry-mouth/expert-answers/dry-mouth/faq-20058424

  There are some steps that you can take to ease dry mouth also known as xerostomia (zeer-o-STOE-me-uh). […] To relieve your dry mouth: […] Chew sugar-free gum or suck on sugar-free hard candies to help the flow of saliva. […] Limit your caffeine intake because caffeine can make your mouth drier. […] Do not use mouthwashes that contain alcohol because they can dry your mouth. […] Stop all tobacco use if you smoke or chew tobacco. […] Sip water regularly. […] Try saliva substitutes available without a prescription. […] Try a mouthwash designed for dry mouth especially one that contains xylitol, if you’re not sensitive to it, such as Biotene Dry Mouth Oral Rinse, bioXtra Dry Mouth Ultra Mild Mouthrinse or ACT Dry Mouth Mouthwash. […] Stay away from antihistamines and decongestants available without a prescription because they can make your symptoms worse.

• #19 FF #182 Xerostomia | Palliative Care Network of Wisconsin

  https://www.mypcnow.org/fast-fact/xerostomia/

  Saliva substitutes. Most have limited efficacy; many patients find frequent sips of water more useful and convenient. Topical products containing olive oil, betaine, and xylitol have been found effective for medication-induced xerostomia (e.g. Xerostom® products). Newer products with enzyme systems such as lactoperoxidase, lysozyme, and glucose oxidase (e.g. Biotène® Oralbalance Dry Mouth Gel)—offer potential antimicrobial and moisturizing benefits. Due to limited duration of action, they may be particularly useful before eating, speaking, and sleeping. Recently, custom oral appliances with artificial saliva reservoirs have become available and may be particularly useful at night. […] Encourage oral hydration. Humidifiers, especially during sleep, may also be helpful. […] Optimize oral hygiene. Antimicrobial mouthwashes (alcohol-free). Chlorhexidine gluconate oral rinse, USP 0.12%, twice daily, may be effective in preventing dental caries and oral infections. […] Most toothpaste products contain the surfactant sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS), which can irritate dry mucosa and inactivate the enzyme systems of the newer artificial salivas. Biotène® Dry Mouth Toothpaste contains salivary enzymes and is SLS-free.

• #20

• #21 Dry Mouth (Xerostomia)

  https://www.nccs.com.sg/patient-care/Pages/Dry-mouth.aspx

  Below are some tips you may find helpful, in managing dry mouth. […] Apply mouth moisturizer as advised by your doctor or nurse. […] Avoid mouth rinses that contain alcohol these can worsen dry mouth. […] Drink plenty of liquids (8-12 glasses of fluids a day), unless otherwise advised by your doctor. Carrying a water bottle makes it more convenient for you to sip water frequently throughout the day. […] Suck on ice chips, sugar-free sweets or popsicles to stimulate the salivary glands to produce more saliva. […] Take small sips of fluids in between bites of food this moistens your mouth and makes it easier to chew and swallow foods. […] Select moist foods or use milk, soup, gravy or sauces to moisten solid foods before eating – this also makes chewing and swallowing easier. […] Avoid sugary foods or drinks as they can contribute to tooth decay.

• #22 Dry Mouth Remedies: Home and Natural Remedies That Work

  https://www.healthline.com/health/dry-mouth-remedies

  If youre experiencing dry mouth, there are several home remedies you can try to help relieve your symptoms, such as drinking water, using alcohol-free mouthwash, or trying an over-the-counter saliva substitute. […] Dry mouth can be very uncomfortable, but home remedies can provide relief. […] These remedies arent proven to cure dry mouth, only to relieve it. […] Sipping water and staying hydrated can help relieve dry mouth. […] If you think your medication is causing your dry mouth, talk to your doctor. […] Here are some recommendations: […] Sucking on a sugar-free candy may provide some short-term relief from dry mouth. […] Sugar-free gum can also provide short-term relief from dry mouth. […] Improving oral routines could be crucial to protecting the health of your mouth. […] Mouthwash is effective in improving overall oral hygiene, which can factor into dry mouth.

• #23 Dry Mouth

  https://www.aaom.com/dry-mouth

  Patients with a dry mouth are at risk for oral candidiasis, particularly the erythematous form. […] Frequent sips of small amounts of fluids, especially water, can be quite helpful in diminishing the effects of oral dryness. […] Taking fluids while eating is an essential common sense strategy for dry mouth patients. […] Caffeine is as a mild diuretic which promotes fluid loss and may worsen dry mouth. […] The regular use of topically applied oil-based balms or lipsticks may provide soothing relief. […] The use of a humidifier, particularly at night, helps address this concern. […] To the extent that functional salivary tissue remains, the regular use of gums, mints, and candies can help stimulate salivary flow. […] There are many over-the-counter (OTC) products that may aid in moisturizing and lubricating the oral tissues.

• #24 Dry mouth treatment: Tips for controlling dry mouth

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/dry-mouth/expert-answers/dry-mouth/faq-20058424

  Breathe through your nose, not your mouth. […] Add moisture to the air at night with a room humidifier. […] If these steps do not make your dry mouth better, talk to your doctor or dentist. The cause could be a medicine or another health problem. […] Medicines are one of the most common causes of dry mouth. Easing dry mouth long term may mean stopping or changing your medicine or its dose, or looking at underlying health issues.

• #25 Natural Remedies for Dry Mouth (Xerostomia) | Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center

  https://www.mskcc.org/news/natural-remedies-dry-mouth-xerostomia

  Some patients with dry mouth have found ginseng to be helpful for increasing moisture. […] Its important to take care of mouth dryness because it can affect your health and recovery from cancer, says Jason Hou, a pharmacist in the Integrative Medicine Service (IMS) at Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (MSK). We know what helps dry mouth. […] Dr. Hou suggests making your own mouthwash out of salt and baking soda to alleviate dry mouth. The combination of water, salt, and baking soda mimics our saliva. […] If you can still make saliva, the actions of chewing and sucking stimulate production of saliva. Try chewing sugarless gum with xylitol or sucking on lozenges. […] Some people get relief from dry mouth by holding a few tablespoons of coconut or sesame oil in the mouth for 10 to 15 minutes without swallowing.

• #26 Natural Remedies for Dry Mouth (Xerostomia) | Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center

  https://www.mskcc.org/news/natural-remedies-dry-mouth-xerostomia

  In traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), dry mouth is believed to be caused by a deficiency of fluid and/or the lack of function to generate fluid. […] To treat dry mouth, an acupuncturist inserts thin, disposable needles into your skin to increase stimulation to the mouth and throat. […] Oral lubricants, over-the-counter artificial forms of saliva, and medications that stimulate salivary glands can provide a temporary fix. […] Dry mouth can be a frustrating side effect of cancer treatment, but your MSK care team can help you manage it and get relief.

• #27 Dry Mouth Causes, Symptoms, Diagnosis, Treatment | National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research

  https://www.nidcr.nih.gov/health-info/dry-mouth

  Depending on the cause of your dry mouth, your health care provider can recommend appropriate treatment. For example, if medication is causing dry mouth, the doctor or dentist may advise changing medications or adjusting the dosages, or may prescribe a saliva substitute. Your health care provider may also suggest the use of artificial saliva or other special products to prevent stickiness and keep your mouth wet. […] There are also self-care steps you can take to help ease dry mouth, such as drinking plenty of water, chewing sugarless gum, and avoiding tobacco and alcohol. Good oral care at home and regular dental check-ups will help keep your mouth healthy.

• #28 Dry mouth | Canadian Cancer Society

  https://cancer.ca/en/treatments/side-effects/dry-mouth

  Dry mouth usually develops in the first 2 to 3 weeks of radiation therapy. It may slowly improve after radiation therapy to the head and neck is finished, but sometimes it can be permanent. […] Once the extent and cause of dry mouth is known, your healthcare team can suggest ways to manage it. You can try using: a room humidifier at night, acupuncture, artificial saliva products or medicines to stimulate the salivary glands to make saliva. […] Following a mouth care program before and after cancer treatment helps to manage sores and infections. A mouth care program should include the following: Clean your mouth and teeth at least 4 times each day. Brush your teeth, tongue and gums after meals and before bedtime. Use a very soft (such as extra soft) toothbrush and fluoride toothpaste. […] Your healthcare team will give you instructions on how to rinse your mouth. They will suggest what to use, how often to use it and when to use it (such as after meals and before bed).

• #29 Dry Mouth: Causes, Treatment & more | Ivory Pointe Dentistry

  https://vistadentistry.com/dry-mouth-causes-complications-and-treatment/

  Dry Mouth: Causes, Complications, and Treatment […] Do you suffer from a dry mouth? This oral condition is also known as xerostomia. Dry mouth occurs when your salivary glands stop producing enough saliva or are impaired for some reason. Because saliva keeps your mouth moist helps flush out bacteria and food, a dry mouth can lead to an increase in infections and bad breath. You also need enough saliva to swallow and digest your food. […] If youre seeking dry mouth treatment in Vista, here are some effective steps to consider: […] Practice great oral hygiene. Brush for a minimum of two minutes twice a day with a fluoride toothpaste. You should also floss at least once a day. Rinse your mouth often with an alcohol-free mouthwash. Since you dont have saliva washing your teeth throughout the day, youll want to be even more dedicated to removing bacteria along your gumlines and between teeth.

• #30 Management of Dry Mouth : Johns Hopkins Sjögren’s Center

  https://www.hopkinssjogrens.org/disease-information/treatment/management-of-dry-mouth/

  The following tips help to reduce dry mouth symptoms: […] Increasing salivary flow can be achieved by chewing sugar-free gum, sucking on lozenges (e.g. Numoisyn and Salese) or sugar-free candies, or taking certain medications. […] Pilocarpine (Salagen) and cevimeline (Evoxac) are prescription medications that stimulate saliva production. Both are used to treat dry mouth by stimulating saliva flow. […] Artificial saliva or saliva substitutes can be used to replace moisture and lubricate the mouth. […] The application of a few drops of vitamin E oil to the tongue and lining of the mouth can help soothe the discomfort of a dry mouth. […] Treatment of oral candidiasis in the setting of dry mouth requires anti-fungal medication, taken as either a daily pill or as a topical treatment, in the form of a troche (which is allowed to dissolve in the mouth) or a solution (which is swished around in the mouth before swallowing).

• #31 Dry mouth? Xerostomia insights for cancer patients | MD Anderson Cancer Center

  https://www.mdanderson.org/cancerwise/dry-mouth–xerostomia–in-cancer-patients–5-things-to-know.h00-159618645.html

  Other, non-traditional approaches for treating xerostomia include: acupuncture, transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS), and gene therapy. […] Sugar-free chewing gum and lozenges containing xylitol may also help alleviate xerostomia. […] Saliva replacements are topical agents that come in either gel or liquid form. They can be sprayed or squeezed into the mouth. Each contains various ingredients designed to lubricate the oral cavity. […] Its important to note that while these products may provide some temporary relief, they wont resolve the underlying issue. […] Almost all patients who undergo radiation therapy of the head and neck area will have some degree of xerostomia as a result of damage to their salivary glands. […] But cancer patients can reduce their risk of dry mouth due to other factors by avoiding certain food items, including: caffeine, soy products, and alcohol.

• #32 Cancer treatment-related xerostomia: basics, therapeutics, and future perspectives | European Journal of Medical Research | Full Text

  https://eurjmedres.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s40001-024-02167-x

  Muscarinic agonists, including pilocarpine and cevimeline, are currently the primary pharmacological candidates for cancer treatment-related xerostomia. […] Both pilocarpine and cevimeline have demonstrated efficacy in increasing salivary flow rates and improving symptoms of xerostomia in patients undergoing cancer treatment. […] Overall, current studies cannot determine the superiority of either medication, and the choice between pilocarpine and cevimeline should be made according to each patients baseline characteristics, the clinical response to each medication, their subjective satisfaction with the treatment, and most importantly, the frequency and severity of adverse effects. […] Antineoplastic detoxifying agents are used to reduce the toxic effects of chemotherapy and radiation therapy on normal tissues while preserving the therapeutic efficacy against cancer cells.

• #33 Dry Mouth Treatments: Identifying the Causes of Dry Mouth

  https://www.webmd.com/oral-health/dry-mouth-treatments

  Your health care provider may also prescribe Salagen, a drug that increases the natural production of saliva. […] Another prescription drug, Evoxac, is FDA-approved for the treatment of dry mouth in people with Sjgren’s syndrome, an autoimmune disease associated with dry eyes, dry mouth, dry skin, and muscle pain. […] Finally, there are promising new treatments under investigation. Scientists are working on ways to repair salivary glands that have been damaged and are developing an artificial salivary gland that can be implanted into the body. […] To minimize dry mouth: […] Avoid commercial mouth rinses or mouthwashes that contain alcohol or peroxide. These ingredients will further dry out your mouth. […] Use a humidifier to increase the humidity in your home, especially at night.

• #34 Mouth Dryness or Thick Saliva | Cancer-related Side Effects | American Cancer Society

  https://www.cancer.org/cancer/managing-cancer/side-effects/eating-problems/dry-mouth.html

  Dry mouth, or xerostomia, develops when your body doesnt make enough saliva (spit) or when saliva becomes very thick. […] Treatment for dry mouth or thick saliva includes many treatments suggested for people getting radiation for head and neck cancer. Some of these treatments include: medicines such as pilocarpine, cevimeline, or bethanechol; acupuncture to improve the symptoms of dry mouth; transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) to help the glands make more saliva. […] There are also ways to give radiation treatment that might protect the salivary glands. Ask your radiation oncology doctor if these might be options for you.

• #35 Dry Mouth | Head & Neck Cancer Alliance

  https://www.headandneck.org/hnc-resources/managing-side-effects/dry-mouth/

  When you’re faced with a cancer diagnosis, your primary concern is likely to be, How do we cure it? […] If you have radiation, one of these side effects is dry mouth, or xerostomia. It typically begins during your treatment, and may be long-lasting, even after your treatment has ended. Understanding and anticipating dry mouth can help you ask the right questions and allow you to take steps to manage it from the beginning of your journey. […] Treatment for head and neck cancer, particularly radiation treatment, can damage the glands in your mouth that produce saliva, resulting in dry mouth (xerostomia). […] Dry mouth is often a significant side effect of treatment, impacting your oral health and your ability to chew, swallow, taste, and speak. […] There are a number of strategies that can help reduce the discomfort and risks associated with dry mouth.

• #36 Cancer treatment-related xerostomia: basics, therapeutics, and future perspectives | European Journal of Medical Research | Full Text

  https://eurjmedres.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s40001-024-02167-x

  There are some reports of successful intervention for post-radiation xerostomia using autotransplantation of cryopreserved minor salivary glands. […] As an effective preventive measure, techniques such as IMRT or proton therapy may be employed to minimize radiation exposure to the salivary glands.

• #37 Dry Mouth | Head & Neck Cancer Alliance

  https://www.headandneck.org/hnc-resources/managing-side-effects/dry-mouth/

  Ask your doctor about medications that may reduce or prevent dry mouth. Medications are available that can help to protect your salivary glands during treatment, such as amifostine (Ethyol). Other medications can help maintain or stimulate saliva production, such as pilocarpine (Salagen) or cevimeline (Evoxac). Incorporating these medications into your treatment regimen may be recommended to minimize the impact of radiation treatment on saliva production. […] Maintain good daily oral hygiene, which may include using high strength prescription fluoride, remineralizing products, and antibacterial products. […] Use moisturizing, alcohol-free mouthwash, especially those specifically intended for dry mouth, such as Biotene or Oasis. […] Use saliva substitutes, such as Lubricity, or mouth rinses containing complex polysaccharides, hyetellose, hyprolose, or carmellose. […] Stay hydrated. Carry a water bottle whenever possible, and try to drink at least 64 ounces of fluids every day. […] As with any side effect of treatment, if it becomes troublesome, speak with your medical team about interventions that may help.

• #38 Cancer treatment-related xerostomia: basics, therapeutics, and future perspectives | European Journal of Medical Research | Full Text

  https://eurjmedres.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s40001-024-02167-x

  The general concept behind using saliva-stimulating interventions is the same as the commonly prescribed muscarinic receptor agonists: relieving xerostomia symptoms by increasing saliva production. […] Acupuncture is believed to modulate salivary gland function by activating neural pathways and promoting vasodilation, leading to increased saliva production and improved oral moisture. […] Photobiomodulation has been investigated for its potential to stimulate salivary gland function and increase saliva production in patients with xerostomia. […] Hyperbaric oxygen therapy delivers high concentrations of oxygen to tissues, reducing inflammation and improving the oxygenation of hypoxic tissues. […] One of the widely known suggested approaches to cancer treatment-related xerostomia is the submandibular salivary gland transfer.

• #39 Dry mouth during cancer treatment: MedlinePlus Medical EncyclopediaLock

  https://medlineplus.gov/ency/patientinstructions/000032.htm

  Some cancer treatments and medicines can cause dry mouth. Take good care of your mouth during your cancer treatment. Follow the measures outlined below. […] Not caring for your mouth during cancer treatment can lead to an increase in bacteria in your mouth. The bacteria can cause infection in your mouth, which can spread to other parts of your body. […] Talk with your dentist about: […] Saliva substitutes […] Medicines that help your salivary glands make more saliva. […] Ask your provider or dentist if artificial saliva might help you.

• #40 Interventions for the management of dry mouth: topical therapies | Cochrane

  https://www.cochrane.org/CD008934/ORAL_interventions-for-the-management-of-dry-mouth-topical-therapies

  Dry mouth is a common problem with a range of causes. […] In many sufferers dry mouth cannot be cured, but effective ways for people to manage dry mouth symptoms are available. […] Many topical treatments (applied directly to the inside of the mouth) such as sprays, lozenges, mouthrinses, gels, oils, chewing gum or toothpastes have been evaluated in this review, but there is no strong evidence that any topical treatment is effective for relieving the sensation of dry mouth. […] There is no strong evidence from this review that any topical therapy is effective for relieving the symptom of dry mouth. […] Chewing gums appear to increase saliva production in those with residual secretory capacity and may be preferred by patients, but there is no evidence that gum is better or worse than saliva substitutes.

• #41 Interventions for the management of dry mouth: topical therapies | Cochrane

  https://www.cochrane.org/CD008934/ORAL_interventions-for-the-management-of-dry-mouth-topical-therapies

  Integrated mouthcare systems and oral reservoir devices may be helpful but further research is required to confirm this. […] Well designed, adequately powered randomised controlled trials of topical interventions for dry mouth, which are designed and reported according to CONSORT guidelines, are required to provide evidence to guide clinical care. […] Oxygenated glycerol triester (OGT) saliva substitute spray shows evidence of effectiveness compared to an electrolyte spray (standardised mean difference (SMD) 0.77, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.38 to 1.15) which corresponds to approximately a mean difference of 2 points on a 10-point visual analogue scale (VAS) for mouth dryness. […] Both integrated mouthcare systems (toothpaste + gel + mouthwash) and oral reservoir devices show promising results but there is insufficient evidence at present to recommend their use.

• #42 Clinical trial for severe dry mouth treatment launching soon at UW – School of Medicine and Public Health

  https://www.med.wisc.edu/news/clinical-trial-severe-dry-mouth/

  The UW Health | Carbone Cancer Center and UW Program for Advanced Cell Therapy, or PACT, will soon begin a clinical trial using a recently developed cell therapy to treat severe dry mouth, which is a significant symptom of graft-versus-host disease and Sjögren’s disease. […] Previously, the research team received Food and Drug Administration approval for an investigational new drug license, or IND, to study a cell therapy in a phase 1 clinical trial to treat radiotherapy-induced xerostomia, the technical term for severe dry mouth. […] The new IND gives the research team another chance to investigate a novel personalized cell therapy that uses the patient’s own interferon-gamma activated marrow stromal cells to counteract severe dry mouth, according to Dr. Jacques Galipeau, associate dean for therapeutics development and director of PACT at the University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health.

• #43 Xerostomia – American Head & Neck Society

  https://www.ahns.info/survivorship_intro/xerostomia-2/

  Dry mouth is diagnosed by a thorough examination and review of symptoms by a physician or dentist. […] Fortunately, radiation and surgical treatments for head and neck cancer have changed over the years with the specific goal of minimizing the number of patients with long-term dry mouth. […] Unfortunately, despite the progress with head and neck cancer treatment, dry mouth remains very common. […] Treatment is limited to minimizing symptoms and prevention of long-term complications. […] While medications exist that stimulate saliva production, these drugs are not effective in all patients and are limited by side effects. […] Patients with dry mouth should do the following to minimize symptoms and side effects: Maintain hydration with water intake, Avoid dehydration by minimizing caffeine and alcohol intake, Consider the use of salivary substitutes or salivary stimulants, Avoid sugar containing gum or soft drinks, Use alcohol-free mouth rinses (chlorhexidine) to maintain oral hygiene, Maintain routine dental visits, Use fluoride trays or drink fluoridated tap water.

• #44 Dry mouth | Healthify

  https://healthify.nz/health-a-z/d/dry-mouth

  Dry mouth can usually be treated with self-care or pharmacy treatments. […] Dry mouth can usually be treated at home with self-care measures or over-the-counter medicines from your pharmacy. Ask your pharmacist about treatments. These may include: gels, sprays, tablets or lozenges. […] If your mouth is still dry after a few weeks of trying self-care or pharmacy treatment, see your doctor as there may be an underlying cause. Treatment aims to remove the underlying cause of your dry mouth, eg, if your doctor thinks your medicine is causing your dry mouth, they will review your medicines and may reduce the dose. If your dry mouth is caused by a medical condition, the treatment will focus on that. Your doctor may also prescribe medicine to stimulate production of your saliva. […] There are a number of self-help measures you can try. Take frequent sips of water or suck ice cubes to moisten your mouth. Keep water by your bed at night. Suck sugar-free sweets or chew sugar-free gum to stimulate saliva production. Limit their use, as too much of the sugar substitute can cause diarrhoea (runny poos). Try over-the-counter saliva substitutes or oral moisturisers. Apply lip balm or lip moisturiser to your lips to prevent drying and cracking. If you smoke, get support to quit.

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