Odwarstwienie siatkówki
Etiologia i przyczyny

Odwarstwienie siatkówki to stan, w którym neurosensoryczna siatkówka oddziela się od nabłonka barwnikowego siatkówki (RPE), prowadząc do utraty zaopatrzenia w tlen i składniki odżywcze. Wyróżnia się trzy typy: rhegmatogenne (najczęstsze, spowodowane rozdarciami siatkówki i przedostawaniem się płynu z ciała szklistego), trakcyjne (wynikające z proliferacji błon włóknistych, np. w retinopatii cukrzycowej) oraz wysiękowe (gromadzenie płynu podsiatkówkowego bez rozdarć, związane z zapaleniem, urazem lub chorobami takimi jak AMD). Czynniki ryzyka obejmują wiek >50 lat, wysoką krótkowzroczność (ryzyko wzrasta do 2,4% u osób z myopią w wieku 60 lat), urazy oka, wcześniejsze operacje zaćmy, choroby siatkówki (np. zwyrodnienie kraciaste, retinopatia cukrzycowa) oraz predyspozycje genetyczne (np. zespół Sticklera). Nieleczone odwarstwienie prowadzi do trwałej utraty wzroku, a proliferacyjna witreoretinopatia (PVR) występuje u 8-10% leczonych pacjentów, zwiększając ryzyko nawrotu.

  1. Etiologia odwarstwienia siatkówki
    1. Główne typy odwarstwienia siatkówki
    2. Czynniki przyczynowe odwarstwienia siatkówki
    3. Patofizjologia odwarstwienia siatkówki
    4. Czynniki ryzyka odwarstwienia siatkówki
    5. Mechanizmy powstawania odwarstwień siatkówki
  2. Powikłania i konsekwencje nieleczonego odwarstwienia siatkówki
  3. Znaczenie szybkiej diagnostyki i leczenia
    1. Kolejne rozdziały

Etiologia odwarstwienia siatkówki

Odwarstwienie siatkówki (retinal detachment) to poważny stan okulistyczny, w którym cienka warstwa tkanki światłoczułej z tyłu oka oddziela się od jej prawidłowej pozycji. Powoduje to separację komórek siatkówki od warstwy naczyń krwionośnych dostarczających tlen i składniki odżywcze do oka.12 Odwarstwienie siatkówki stanowi nagłą sytuację medyczną, która wymaga natychmiastowej interwencji, ponieważ nieleczona może prowadzić do trwałej utraty wzroku lub ślepoty.34

Główne typy odwarstwienia siatkówki

Występują trzy główne typy odwarstwienia siatkówki, różniące się przyczynami i mechanizmami powstawania:56

Odwarstwienie rhegmatogenne

Jest to najczęstszy typ odwarstwienia siatkówki. Powstaje, gdy w siatkówce pojawia się otwór, przedarcie lub pęknięcie, które pozwala płynowi przedostawać się pod siatkówkę, odrywając ją od naczyniówki.78 Najczęstszą przyczyną jest proces starzenia, który powoduje zmiany w ciele szklistym wypełniającym oko. Gdy ciało szkliste kurczy się i oddziela od siatkówki (tzw. tylne odłączenie ciała szklistego, posterior vitreous detachment – PVD), może pociągnąć siatkówkę z wystarczającą siłą, aby spowodować jej rozdarcie.910

Odwarstwienie trakcyjne

Ten typ odwarstwienia występuje, gdy tkanka bliznowata rośnie na powierzchni siatkówki i pociąga ją od tylnej ściany oka.11 Najczęstszą przyczyną jest retinopatia cukrzycowa, ale może również wynikać z innych chorób oczu, infekcji ocznych oraz stanów zapalnych.1213 Powstawanie błon włóknistych wewnątrz ciała szklistego i na powierzchni siatkówki może wywierać nacisk, powodując oderwanie siatkówki od ściany oka.14

Odwarstwienie wysiękowe

W tym typie odwarstwienia płyn gromadzi się pod siatkówką, ale nie występują w niej otwory ani przedarcia.15 Najczęstszymi przyczynami są przeciekające naczynia krwionośne lub obrzęk w tylnej części oka.16 Do przyczyn odwarstwienia wysiękowego należą: urazy lub obrażenia oka, zwyrodnienie plamki żółtej związane z wiekiem (AMD), guzy oka, choroby wywołujące stan zapalny wewnątrz oka oraz choroba Coatsa (rzadkie zaburzenie oczne).1718

Czynniki przyczynowe odwarstwienia siatkówki

Zmiany związane z wiekiem

Starzenie się jest najczęstszą przyczyną odwarstwienia siatkówki, szczególnie typu rhegmatogennego.19 Z wiekiem ciało szkliste kurczy się i staje się bardziej płynne, co prowadzi do tylnego odłączenia ciała szklistego (PVD). Gdy ciało szkliste kurczy się, może pociągnąć siatkówkę, powodując jej rozdarcie.2021 Proces ten zazwyczaj pojawia się u osób po 50. roku życia, a ryzyko wzrasta wraz z wiekiem.2223

Krótkowzroczność

Znaczna krótkowzroczność (myopia) jest istotnym czynnikiem ryzyka odwarstwienia siatkówki.24 U osób z wysoką krótkowzrocznością gałka oczna jest wydłużona, co powoduje rozciągnięcie siatkówki i uczynienie jej cieńszą i bardziej podatną na uszkodzenia.2526 Ryzyko odwarstwienia siatkówki u osób z wysoką krótkowzrocznością wzrasta do 2,4% w porównaniu z 0,06% ryzykiem dla normalnego oka w wieku 60 lat.27

Urazy oka

Uraz oka jest częstą przyczyną odwarstwienia siatkówki.28 Może to być wynik tępego urazu (np. uderzenie piłką lub pięścią) lub penetrującego urazu oka.29 Nawet niewielkie rozdarcie siatkówki po urazie może szybko przekształcić się w większe odwarstwienie.30 Odwarstwienie siatkówki spowodowane urazem może dotyczyć osób w każdym wieku, w tym dzieci.31

Zabiegi chirurgiczne oka

Wcześniejsze operacje oka, zwłaszcza usunięcie zaćmy, zwiększają ryzyko odwarstwienia siatkówki.32 Podczas operacji zaćmy naturalna soczewka jest usuwana i zastępowana sztuczną soczewką wewnątrzgałkową (IOL). W niektórych przypadkach proces ten może spowodować odłączenie ciała szklistego, prowadząc do rozdarcia siatkówki lub wysiękowego odwarstwienia siatkówki z powodu gromadzenia się płynu.33

Choroby i stany oczu

Niektóre choroby oczu zwiększają ryzyko odwarstwienia siatkówki:34

  • Zwyrodnienie kraciaste siatkówki (lattice degeneration) – stan, w którym obwodowa część siatkówki staje się cieńsza i bardziej podatna na rozdarcia. Występuje u 7-10% populacji ogólnej i jest częstsze u osób z krótkowzrocznością.3536
  • Tylne odłączenie ciała szklistego (PVD) – gdy gęsty płyn w środku oka (ciało szkliste) oddziela się od siatkówki.37
  • Jaskra – niektóre leki na jaskrę, które zmniejszają źrenicę (jak pilocarpina), mogą zwiększać ryzyko odwarstwienia siatkówki.38
  • Stany zapalne oka, takie jak zapalenie błony naczyniowej oka (uveitis), wiążą się ze zwiększonym ryzykiem odłączenia ciała szklistego.39
Retinopatia cukrzycowa

Cukrzyca, która doprowadziła do rozwoju proliferacyjnej retinopatii cukrzycowej, może prowadzić do odwarstwienia siatkówki.40 W zaawansowanej retinopatii cukrzycowej nieprawidłowe naczynia krwionośne i tkanka bliznowata tworzą się na siatkówce, odciągając ją od tylnej części oka.41 Ten typ odwarstwienia siatkówki postępuje stopniowo i może powodować zniekształcenie widzenia, ciemne cienie lub utratę widzenia centralnego.42

Czynniki genetyczne

Historia rodzinna odwarstwienia siatkówki sugeruje genetyczną (dziedziczną) tendencję do rozwoju odwarstwień siatkówki.43 Niektóre dziedziczne choroby, takie jak zespół Sticklera lub zespół Marfana, osłabiają struktury siatkówki, zwiększając szanse na odwarstwienie siatkówki.4445

Wcześniejsze odwarstwienie siatkówki

Osoby, które doświadczyły odwarstwienia siatkówki w jednym oku, mają zwiększone ryzyko wystąpienia tego stanu w drugim oku.46 Ryzyko to jest szczególnie wysokie w przypadku nietraumatycznego odwarstwienia siatkówki.47

Patofizjologia odwarstwienia siatkówki

Odwarstwienie siatkówki występuje, gdy siły adhezji między neurosensoryczną siatkówką a nabłonkiem barwnikowym siatkówki (RPE) zostają przezwyciężone.48 Niezależnie od mechanizmu, wszystkie typy odwarstwienia siatkówki mają jedną wspólną cechę – gromadzenie się płynu podsiatkówkowego.

W przypadku odwarstwienia rhegmatogennego, rozdarcie w siatkówce pozwala płynowi z ciała szklistego przedostawać się pod siatkówkę, odrywając ją od zaopatrzenia w krew.49 Jeśli odwarstwienie siatkówki nie zostanie szybko naprawione, może dojść do trwałego uszkodzenia siatkówki z powodu braku dopływu krwi.50

W odwarstwieniu trakcyjnym, błony proliferacyjne na powierzchni siatkówki lub ciała szklistego mogą pociągnąć siatkówkę, powodując fizyczne oddzielenie między neurosensoryczną siatkówką a nabłonkiem barwnikowym siatkówki.51

W odwarstwieniu wysiękowym, płyn gromadzi się pod siatkówką z powodu mediatorów zapalnych lub wysiękania płynu z masy lub niewystarczającej funkcji RPE.52

Czynniki ryzyka odwarstwienia siatkówki

Czynniki zwiększające ryzyko odwarstwienia siatkówki to:5354

  • Wiek powyżej 50 lat
  • Znaczna krótkowzroczność (wysoka myopia)
  • Wcześniejsza operacja zaćmy
  • Poważny uraz oka
  • Wcześniejsze odwarstwienie w drugim oku
  • Rodzinna historia występowania tego schorzenia
  • Słabe obszary siatkówki (często identyfikowane podczas badania oka)
  • Choroby oczu, takie jak retinopatia cukrzycowa, zwyrodnienie kraciaste siatkówki
  • Choroby układowe, takie jak cukrzyca i niedokrwistość sierpowatokrwinkowa

Mechanizmy powstawania odwarstwień siatkówki

W przypadku odwarstwienia rhegmatogennego mechanizm jest następujący: ciało szkliste kurczy się i oddziela od siatkówki, tworząc tylne odłączenie ciała szklistego (PVD). Gdy ciało szkliste oddziela się od siatkówki, może pociągnąć siatkówkę z wystarczającą siłą, aby spowodować jej rozdarcie. Płyn z ciała szklistego może następnie przedostać się przez to rozdarcie i gromadzić się pod siatkówką, powodując jej oddzielenie od naczyniówki.5556

W odwarstwieniu trakcyjnym, tkanka bliznowata na powierzchni siatkówki kurczy się i powoduje odciągnięcie siatkówki od tylnej ściany oka. Jest to najczęściej skutkiem zaawansowanej retinopatii cukrzycowej.57

W odwarstwieniu wysiękowym, płyn z przeciekających naczyń krwionośnych gromadzi się pod siatkówką i powoduje jej odwarstwienie. Ten typ jest znacznie mniej powszechny i może wystąpić w oczach z nieprawidłowym stanem zapalnym lub nadmiernym wyciekiem z nieprawidłowych naczyń krwionośnych.58

Powikłania i konsekwencje nieleczonego odwarstwienia siatkówki

Nieleczone odwarstwienie siatkówki prowadzi do trwałej i poważnej utraty wzroku lub ślepoty.59 Gdy siatkówka jest oddzielona, nie otrzymuje odpowiedniego zaopatrzenia w tlen i składniki odżywcze, co prowadzi do obumierania komórek siatkówki.60

Jednym z najczęstszych powikłań po leczeniu odwarstwienia siatkówki jest proliferacyjna witreoretinopatia (PVR), która występuje u około 8-10% pacjentów poddawanych pierwszej operacji odwarstwienia siatkówki.61 PVR powoduje powstawanie tkanki bliznowatej, która może pociągnąć siatkówkę i spowodować jej ponowne odwarstwienie nawet po udanej operacji.62

Czynniki ryzyka rozwoju PVR obejmują: duże lub liczne rozdarcia siatkówki, gigantyczne rozdarcia siatkówki, krwotok do ciała szklistego, odwarstwienie naczyniówki, uraz oka i liczne wcześniejsze zabiegi chirurgiczne.63

Znaczenie szybkiej diagnostyki i leczenia

Odwarstwienie siatkówki jest stanem nagłym, wymagającym natychmiastowej interwencji medycznej.64 Im wcześniej zostanie rozpoznane i leczone, tym większa szansa na zachowanie wzroku.65

Leczenie odwarstwienia siatkówki zwykle wymaga operacji. Rodzaj zabiegu zależy od typu odwarstwienia, jego lokalizacji i stopnia zaawansowania.66 Główne techniki chirurgiczne to:

  • Pneumatyczna retinopexy – wstrzyknięcie pęcherzyka powietrza lub gazu do ciała szklistego, który wywiera delikatny ucisk, pomagając odłączonej części siatkówki przylegać do gałki ocznej.67
  • Plomba nadtwardówkowa (scleral buckle) – przyszycie kawałka silikonu do białej części oka (twardówki) nad dotkniętym obszarem.68
  • Witrektomia – usunięcie ciała szklistego wraz z tkanką ciągnącą siatkówkę.69

Skuteczność operacji i szansa na odzyskanie wzroku zależą od tego, jak szybko odwarstwienie zostało rozpoznane i leczone, czy centralna część siatkówki (plamka żółta) była odwarstwiona, jak duża część siatkówki była odwarstwiona oraz czy występują inne powikłające czynniki, takie jak istniejące wcześniej choroby oczu.70

Około 10% pacjentów może wymagać więcej niż jednej operacji w celu leczenia odwarstwienia siatkówki.71 Po operacji wzrok powinien zacząć się poprawiać po około czterech do sześciu tygodniach.72

Kolejne rozdziały

Zapraszamy do dalszego czytania naszego leksykonu.

Wybierz kolejny rozdział z menu poniżej, aby otworzyć nową podstronę kompedium wiedzy i uzyskać szczegółowe informację o leku, substancji lub chorobie.

  1. 09.04.2026
  2. www.leksykon.com.pl

Materiały źródłowe

  • #1 Retinal detachment – Symptoms and causes – Mayo Clinic
    https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/retinal-detachment/symptoms-causes/syc-20351344
    Retinal detachment is an emergency situation in which the thin layer of tissue at the back of the eye, called the retina, pulls away from its usual position. […] Retinal detachment happens when the thin layer of tissue at the back of the eye pulls away from its regular position. […] Retinal detachment separates the retinal cells from the layer of blood vessels that provides oxygen and nourishment to the eye. […] There are three main types of retinal detachment, and their causes vary: Rhegmatogenous (reg-mu-TOJ-uh-nus). This type of retinal detachment is the most common. A rhegmatogenous detachment is caused by a hole or tear in the retina that lets fluid pass through and collect underneath the retina. […] The most common cause of rhegmatogenous detachment is aging. […] As the vitreous separates or peels off the retina, it may tug on the retina with enough force to create a tear. […] Tractional. This type of detachment can happen when scar tissue grows on the retina’s surface. […] Exudative. In this type of detachment, fluid builds up beneath the retina, but there are no holes or tears in the retina.
  • #2 Detached retina: Symptoms, causes, surgery, and treatment
    https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/170635
    A detached retina is when the retina peels away or detaches from its support tissue at the back of the eye. […] A detached retina, or retinal detachment, is a medical emergency. […] Various factors increase the risk of a detached retina, including severe myopia, diabetes, previous eye surgery, and an injury that affects the eye. […] Retinal detachment happens when a part of the eye that is responsible for creating images pulls away from the back of the eye. It can result from an injury, inflammation, damage, or structural changes that affect the eye over time. […] Retinal detachment happens when this layer pulls away from its usual position. Sometimes, small tears in the retina can cause detachment. […] The macula is the part of the retina that is responsible for vision. In retinal detachment, the macula may or may not become detached. If it does, there is a higher chance of central vision loss.
  • #3 Retinal detachment – symptoms and treatment | healthdirect
    https://www.healthdirect.gov.au/retinal-detachment
    Retinal detachment is a medical emergency. If you think you have a retinal detachment, go to an emergency department immediately or call triple zero (000) and ask for an ambulance. […] Causes include ageing, an eye injury or an eye condition called diabetic retinopathy. […] Most retinal detachments happen because of a tear or hole in the retina. This causes fluid to build up under the retina. The retina then pulls away from the tissues beneath it. This can be caused by: ageing, eye injury, diabetic retinopathy, rare inflammatory eye conditions. […] You are at higher risk of retinal detachment if you: are over 50 years old, are very short-sighted (myopia), have a family history of retinal detachment. […] A retinal detachment can sometimes be prevented if a retinal tear is found early and treated. This does not always guarantee prevention.
  • #4 Retinal Detachment Types, Causes, Symptoms, and Treatments | UPMC
    https://www.upmc.com/services/eye/conditions/retinal-detachment
    A retinal detachment happens when the layer at the back of your eye (retina) pulls away from the underlying tissue. […] A detached retina is a medical emergency and can lead to blindness. […] Doctors define retinal detachment as a tearing or separating of the retina from the rest of the eye. […] Retinal detachment can happen for several reasons, such as: Thinning of the retina due to aging. […] A detached retina can happen to anyone. […] But you’re at higher risk if: You had a detached retina before. […] Without treatment, a detached retina leads to permanent blurred vision and blindness. […] A detached retina can’t heal on its own.
  • #5 Retinal Detachment | National Eye Institute
    https://www.nei.nih.gov/learn-about-eye-health/eye-conditions-and-diseases/retinal-detachment
    Retinal detachment is an eye problem that happens when your retina (a light-sensitive layer of tissue in the back of your eye) is pulled away from its normal position at the back of your eye. […] There are many causes of retinal detachment, but the most common causes are aging or an eye injury. […] There are 3 types of retinal detachment: rhegmatogenous, tractional, and exudative. Each type happens because of a different problem that causes your retina to move away from the back of your eye.
  • #6 Retinal Detachment
    https://www.asrs.org/retinaldetachment
    The typical symptoms of a retinal detachment include floaters, flashing lights, and a shadow or curtain in the peripheral (noncentral) vision that can be stationary (non-moving) or progress toward, and involve, the center of vision. […] In general, retinal detachments can be categorized based on the cause of the detachment: rhegmatogenous, tractional, or exudative. […] Rhegmatogenous retinal detachments are the most common type. They are caused by a hole or tear in the retina that allows fluid to pass through and collect underneath the retina, detaching it from its underlying blood supply. […] Retinal tears can develop when the vitreous gel separates from the retina as part of aging or in patients with abnormal thinning in the peripheral retina (known as lattice degeneration) or occasionally from trauma.
  • #7 Retinal detachment – Symptoms and causes – Mayo Clinic
    https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/retinal-detachment/symptoms-causes/syc-20351344
    Retinal detachment is an emergency situation in which the thin layer of tissue at the back of the eye, called the retina, pulls away from its usual position. […] Retinal detachment happens when the thin layer of tissue at the back of the eye pulls away from its regular position. […] Retinal detachment separates the retinal cells from the layer of blood vessels that provides oxygen and nourishment to the eye. […] There are three main types of retinal detachment, and their causes vary: Rhegmatogenous (reg-mu-TOJ-uh-nus). This type of retinal detachment is the most common. A rhegmatogenous detachment is caused by a hole or tear in the retina that lets fluid pass through and collect underneath the retina. […] The most common cause of rhegmatogenous detachment is aging. […] As the vitreous separates or peels off the retina, it may tug on the retina with enough force to create a tear. […] Tractional. This type of detachment can happen when scar tissue grows on the retina’s surface. […] Exudative. In this type of detachment, fluid builds up beneath the retina, but there are no holes or tears in the retina.
  • #8 Retinal Detachment
    https://www.asrs.org/retinaldetachment
    The typical symptoms of a retinal detachment include floaters, flashing lights, and a shadow or curtain in the peripheral (noncentral) vision that can be stationary (non-moving) or progress toward, and involve, the center of vision. […] In general, retinal detachments can be categorized based on the cause of the detachment: rhegmatogenous, tractional, or exudative. […] Rhegmatogenous retinal detachments are the most common type. They are caused by a hole or tear in the retina that allows fluid to pass through and collect underneath the retina, detaching it from its underlying blood supply. […] Retinal tears can develop when the vitreous gel separates from the retina as part of aging or in patients with abnormal thinning in the peripheral retina (known as lattice degeneration) or occasionally from trauma.
  • #9 Retinal Detachment: Types, Symptoms, Causes, Diagnosis, and Treatment
    https://www.webmd.com/eye-health/eye-health-retinal-detachment
    Retinal detachment is a serious eye condition that happens when your retina — a layer of tissue at the back of your eye that processes light — pulls away from the tissue around it. Doctors also call it detached retina. […] There are three main types of retinal detachment: Rhegmatogenous. This is the most common kind. It happens because of a retinal tear. Age usually causes it, as the vitreous gel that fills your eyeball pulls away from your retina. You can also have it because of an eye injury, surgery, or nearsightedness. […] Tractional. This type happens when scar tissue pulls on your retina, usually because diabetes has damaged the blood vessels in the back of your eye. […] Exudative. This kind happens when fluid builds up behind your retina, but there’s no tear. The fluid pushes your retina away from the tissue behind it. Common causes include leaking blood vessels and swelling because of conditions such as an injury, inflammation, or age-related macular degeneration.
  • #10 Detached retina (retinal detachment)
    https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/detached-retina-retinal-detachment/
    A detached retina is usually caused by changes to the jelly inside your eye, which can happen as you get older. This is called posterior vitreous detachment (PVD). […] It’s not clear exactly why PVD can lead to retinal detachment in some people and there’s nothing you can do to prevent it. But it’s more likely to happen if you: […] are short-sighted […] have had an eye operation (such as cataract surgery) […] have had an eye injury […] have a family history of retinal detachment.
  • #11 Retinal detachment – Symptoms and causes – Mayo Clinic
    https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/retinal-detachment/symptoms-causes/syc-20351344
    Retinal detachment is an emergency situation in which the thin layer of tissue at the back of the eye, called the retina, pulls away from its usual position. […] Retinal detachment happens when the thin layer of tissue at the back of the eye pulls away from its regular position. […] Retinal detachment separates the retinal cells from the layer of blood vessels that provides oxygen and nourishment to the eye. […] There are three main types of retinal detachment, and their causes vary: Rhegmatogenous (reg-mu-TOJ-uh-nus). This type of retinal detachment is the most common. A rhegmatogenous detachment is caused by a hole or tear in the retina that lets fluid pass through and collect underneath the retina. […] The most common cause of rhegmatogenous detachment is aging. […] As the vitreous separates or peels off the retina, it may tug on the retina with enough force to create a tear. […] Tractional. This type of detachment can happen when scar tissue grows on the retina’s surface. […] Exudative. In this type of detachment, fluid builds up beneath the retina, but there are no holes or tears in the retina.
  • #12 Types and Causes of Retinal Detachment | National Eye Institute
    https://www.nei.nih.gov/learn-about-eye-health/eye-conditions-and-diseases/retinal-detachment/types-and-causes-retinal-detachment
    Retinal detachment happens when your retina (a light-sensitive layer of tissue at the back of your eye) is pulled away from its normal position. […] Any type of retinal detachment is a medical emergency. […] Rhegmatogenous retinal detachment is the most common type of retinal detachment. It can happen if you have a small tear or break in your retina. […] Aging is the most common cause of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment. […] Other things that can increase your risk of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment are eye injuries, eye surgery, and nearsightedness. […] The most common cause of tractional retinal detachment is diabetic retinopathy an eye condition in people with diabetes. […] Other causes of tractional retinal detachment include eye diseases, eye infections, and swelling in the eye.
  • #13 Retinal detachment | Better Health Channel
    https://www.betterhealth.vic.gov.au/health/conditionsandtreatments/retinal-detachment
    Retinal detachment is when the retina pulls away from the tissue around it (the choroid), which supplies it with oxygen and nutrients. […] The most common cause of retinal detachment is age-related shrinkage of the vitreous gel, which may lead to tearing at a weak point in the retina. Once such a tear or hole develops, fluid can collect beneath it and reduce the adhesion of the retina to the choroid, resulting in a detachment. […] Injury to the eye can also cause retinal detachment, although this is less common. […] People at increased risk of retinal detachment include: Near-sighted people. […] Retinal detachment can only be repaired with surgery. If left untreated, your vision will most likely worsen beyond repair.
  • #14 Retinal Detatchment
    https://www.lei.org.au/services/eye-health-information/retinal-detachment/
    Retinal detachment occurs when the retina (the light-sensitive tissue lining the back of your eye) is pulled away from its normal position. […] There are many causes of retinal detachment, but the most common are ageing or myopia (short sightedness). […] Most retinal detachments happen because a tear or hole in the retina allows fluid to leak between the retinal layers, lifting the retina off the back of the eye. […] Changes to the eye as you age can cause tears and holes because the retina has been pulled and torn as a result of these changes. […] Tears mostly happen when the vitreous gel that fills the middle of the eye suddenly becomes detached from the retina (called acute posterior vitreous detachment or PVD). […] Other eye conditions such as diabetic retinopathy can result in fibrous scar tissue forming inside the vitreous gel and on the retinas surface. This scar tissue can then pull on the retina (traction), causing a detachment.
  • #15 Retinal detachment – Symptoms and causes – Mayo Clinic
    https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/retinal-detachment/symptoms-causes/syc-20351344
    Retinal detachment is an emergency situation in which the thin layer of tissue at the back of the eye, called the retina, pulls away from its usual position. […] Retinal detachment happens when the thin layer of tissue at the back of the eye pulls away from its regular position. […] Retinal detachment separates the retinal cells from the layer of blood vessels that provides oxygen and nourishment to the eye. […] There are three main types of retinal detachment, and their causes vary: Rhegmatogenous (reg-mu-TOJ-uh-nus). This type of retinal detachment is the most common. A rhegmatogenous detachment is caused by a hole or tear in the retina that lets fluid pass through and collect underneath the retina. […] The most common cause of rhegmatogenous detachment is aging. […] As the vitreous separates or peels off the retina, it may tug on the retina with enough force to create a tear. […] Tractional. This type of detachment can happen when scar tissue grows on the retina’s surface. […] Exudative. In this type of detachment, fluid builds up beneath the retina, but there are no holes or tears in the retina.
  • #16 Types and Causes of Retinal Detachment | National Eye Institute
    https://www.nei.nih.gov/learn-about-eye-health/eye-conditions-and-diseases/retinal-detachment/types-and-causes-retinal-detachment
    The most common causes of exudative retinal detachment are leaking blood vessels or swelling in the back of the eye. […] There are several things that can cause leaking blood vessels or swelling in your eye: Injury or trauma to your eye, Age-related macular degeneration (AMD), Tumors in your eye, Diseases that cause inflammation inside the eye, Coats disease, a rare eye disorder.
  • #17 Types and Causes of Retinal Detachment | National Eye Institute
    https://www.nei.nih.gov/learn-about-eye-health/eye-conditions-and-diseases/retinal-detachment/types-and-causes-retinal-detachment
    The most common causes of exudative retinal detachment are leaking blood vessels or swelling in the back of the eye. […] There are several things that can cause leaking blood vessels or swelling in your eye: Injury or trauma to your eye, Age-related macular degeneration (AMD), Tumors in your eye, Diseases that cause inflammation inside the eye, Coats disease, a rare eye disorder.
  • #18 Our Offices
    https://associatedretinaconsultants.com/retinal-detachment-causes-2/
    Retinal detachment usually occurs due to age or eye injury. There are 3 main retinal detachment causes: rhegmatogenous, tractional and exudative. Rhegmatogenous is the most common type of retinal detachment and is brought on by age. This type of detachment causes a small tear or hole in the retina. […] Tractional retinal detachment is when scar tissue causes to the retina to pull out of place. The most common cause of tractional retinal detachment is diabetic retinopathy, an eye condition associated with diabetes. […] Exudative covers all other retinal detachment causes such as injury or trauma to the eye, age-related macular degeneration, tumors in the eye, diseases that cause inflammation of the eye, and the rare Coats disease.
  • #19 What Are the Leading Risk Factors for Retinal Detachment? | Retina Associates Kansas City
    https://www.kcretina.com/blog/what-are-the-leading-risk-factors-for-retinal-detachment
    Retinal detachment is a serious eye condition that can leave retinal tissue deprived of oxygen. […] For example, aging and eye injury are the most common causes of retinal detachment. […] The two most common causes of a detached retina are aging and eye injury. […] One reason for the increased risk of retinal detachment may be related to changes in the vitreous, the gel-like substance that helps the eye maintain its shape. […] An impact to the head or another injury can cause retinal detachment. […] Even a small tear in the retina following an injury can quickly grow into a larger retinal detachment. […] Other risk factors for retinal detachment include previous retinal detachments, extreme nearsightedness, family history of retinal detachment, previous eye surgery, and certain eye diseases.
  • #20 Retinal detachment. Symptoms, causes and treatment | ICR
    https://icrcat.com/en/eye-conditions/retinal-detachment/
    What are its causes? […] Most retinal detachments are caused by the presence of one or several retinal tears or holes. The normal ageing process can cause slimming and deterioration of the retina, but most frequently, it is the retraction of the vitreous, the jelly-like liquid that fills up the eye, which causes the deterioration and retinal tears. […] When a retinal tear appears, the aqueous fluid of the vitreous may pass through the retinal hole into the space between the retina and the rear wall of the eye. This is how the retina starts to progressively detach from the eye wall. […] If a retinal detachment is not treated, visual loss is going to be permanent, as retinal atrophy and chronic eye inflammation develop. […] Once the retina is detached, the treatment is always eye surgery. The treatment goals are: to seal the tear that caused the retinal detachment, with laser or cryotherapy, and to reposition the retina in its original place.
  • #21 Retinal detachment | Better Health Channel
    https://www.betterhealth.vic.gov.au/health/conditionsandtreatments/retinal-detachment
    Retinal detachment is when the retina pulls away from the tissue around it (the choroid), which supplies it with oxygen and nutrients. […] The most common cause of retinal detachment is age-related shrinkage of the vitreous gel, which may lead to tearing at a weak point in the retina. Once such a tear or hole develops, fluid can collect beneath it and reduce the adhesion of the retina to the choroid, resulting in a detachment. […] Injury to the eye can also cause retinal detachment, although this is less common. […] People at increased risk of retinal detachment include: Near-sighted people. […] Retinal detachment can only be repaired with surgery. If left untreated, your vision will most likely worsen beyond repair.
  • #22 Retinal Detachment – Exeter Eye
    https://www.exetereye.co.uk/eye-conditions/retinal-detachment/
    Retinal detachment occurs when the thin lining at the back of your eye called the retina begins to pull away from the blood vessels that supply it with oxygen and nutrients. […] A retinal detachment occurs when the retinas layers separate. […] Retinal detachment is considered an ocular emergency that requires immediate medical attention. […] Retinal detachment is most often the result of the retina becoming thinner and more brittle with age and pulling away from the underlying blood vessels. […] Retinal detachment can also be caused by a direct injury to the eye, but this is less common. […] Retinal detachment usually begins with a retinal tear or hole in the retina. […] Retinal detachment is a rare condition. […] As retinal detachment is associated with ageing, most cases affect older adults aged between 50 and 75 years old.
  • #23 Retinal detachment | nidirect
    https://www.nidirect.gov.uk/conditions/retinal-detachment
    Retinal detachment is most often the result of the retina becoming thinner and more brittle with age and pulling away from the back of the eye. […] As retinal detachment is associated with ageing, most cases affect older adults aged between 60 and 70. […] Retinal detachment caused by an injury can affect people of any age, including children.
  • #24 Retinal Detachment: Types, Symptoms, Causes, Diagnosis, and Treatment
    https://www.webmd.com/eye-health/eye-health-retinal-detachment
    You’re more likely to have a detached retina as you get older or if you have: Severe nearsightedness, An eye injury or cataract surgery, A family history of retinal detachment, Lattice degeneration (thinning along the edges of your retina), Diabetic retinopathy (damaged blood vessels in your retina because of diabetes), Posterior vitreous detachment (the vitreous gel in your eye pulls away from your retina).
  • #25 Retinal detachment – Wikipedia
    https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Retinal_detachment
    Myopia (nearsightedness): Individuals with myopia have a longer axial length of the eyeball, which increases their risk of developing posterior vitreous detachment. […] Trauma: Blunt and penetrating trauma to the eye can disrupt the vitreous, leading to posterior vitreous detachment. […] Cataract surgery: Previous cataract surgery, particularly when associated with vitreous loss, is linked to shifts in the vitreous, increasing the risk of posterior vitreous detachment. […] Inflammatory eye conditions, such as uveitis, are associated with an increased risk of posterior vitreous detachment. […] Less frequently, rhegmatogenous retinal detachments can occur without PVD. […] Common causes of failure in retinal detachment repair include missed or poorly sealed retinal breaks, new retinal breaks, and proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR).
  • #26 Retinal Detachment Types, Symptoms, Surgery, Causes, Treatment
    https://www.medicinenet.com/causes_of_retinal_detachment/views.htm
    Lattice degeneration of the retina is a type of thinning of the outside edges of the retina, which occurs in 7%-10% of the general population. The lattice degeneration, so-called because the thinned retina resembles the crisscross pattern of a lattice, often contains small holes. Lattice degeneration is more common in people with nearsightedness (myopia). This tendency to lattice degeneration occurs because myopic eyes are larger than normal eyes and, therefore, the peripheral retina is stretched more thinly. […] High myopia (greater than 5 or 6 diopters of nearsightedness) increases the risk of a retinal detachment. The risk increases to 2.4% as compared to a 0.06% risk for a normal eye at 60 years of age. […] Cataract surgery, especially if the operation has complications involving the vitreous, increases the risk of a retinal detachment.
  • #27 Retinal Detachment Types, Symptoms, Surgery, Causes, Treatment
    https://www.medicinenet.com/causes_of_retinal_detachment/views.htm
    Lattice degeneration of the retina is a type of thinning of the outside edges of the retina, which occurs in 7%-10% of the general population. The lattice degeneration, so-called because the thinned retina resembles the crisscross pattern of a lattice, often contains small holes. Lattice degeneration is more common in people with nearsightedness (myopia). This tendency to lattice degeneration occurs because myopic eyes are larger than normal eyes and, therefore, the peripheral retina is stretched more thinly. […] High myopia (greater than 5 or 6 diopters of nearsightedness) increases the risk of a retinal detachment. The risk increases to 2.4% as compared to a 0.06% risk for a normal eye at 60 years of age. […] Cataract surgery, especially if the operation has complications involving the vitreous, increases the risk of a retinal detachment.
  • #28 Traumatic retinal detachment: Causes, treatment, and outlook
    https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/traumatic-retinal-detachment
    Traumatic retinal detachment (TRD) is a serious eye condition that occurs when the retina, a thin layer of tissue at the back of the eye, pulls away from its regular position. Trauma or injury to the eye often causes this. […] Retinal detachment most commonly has links to aging-related changes in the eye rather than trauma. However, retinal detachment can occur through eye injury or trauma. […] Eye injuries that can result in TRD include: Blunt trauma: A strong blow to the eye, such as an impact involving a ball or fist or during a car collision, can cause the retina to detach. […] Penetrating injuries: Objects piercing the eye, such as shards of glass or metal, can directly damage the retina. […] Chemical burns: Exposure to certain harsh chemicals can cause severe damage to the eye, potentially affecting the retina.
  • #29 Traumatic retinal detachment: Causes, treatment, and outlook
    https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/traumatic-retinal-detachment
    Traumatic retinal detachment (TRD) is a serious eye condition that occurs when the retina, a thin layer of tissue at the back of the eye, pulls away from its regular position. Trauma or injury to the eye often causes this. […] Retinal detachment most commonly has links to aging-related changes in the eye rather than trauma. However, retinal detachment can occur through eye injury or trauma. […] Eye injuries that can result in TRD include: Blunt trauma: A strong blow to the eye, such as an impact involving a ball or fist or during a car collision, can cause the retina to detach. […] Penetrating injuries: Objects piercing the eye, such as shards of glass or metal, can directly damage the retina. […] Chemical burns: Exposure to certain harsh chemicals can cause severe damage to the eye, potentially affecting the retina.
  • #30 What Are the Leading Risk Factors for Retinal Detachment? | Retina Associates Kansas City
    https://www.kcretina.com/blog/what-are-the-leading-risk-factors-for-retinal-detachment
    Retinal detachment is a serious eye condition that can leave retinal tissue deprived of oxygen. […] For example, aging and eye injury are the most common causes of retinal detachment. […] The two most common causes of a detached retina are aging and eye injury. […] One reason for the increased risk of retinal detachment may be related to changes in the vitreous, the gel-like substance that helps the eye maintain its shape. […] An impact to the head or another injury can cause retinal detachment. […] Even a small tear in the retina following an injury can quickly grow into a larger retinal detachment. […] Other risk factors for retinal detachment include previous retinal detachments, extreme nearsightedness, family history of retinal detachment, previous eye surgery, and certain eye diseases.
  • #31 Retinal detachment | nidirect
    https://www.nidirect.gov.uk/conditions/retinal-detachment
    Retinal detachment is most often the result of the retina becoming thinner and more brittle with age and pulling away from the back of the eye. […] As retinal detachment is associated with ageing, most cases affect older adults aged between 60 and 70. […] Retinal detachment caused by an injury can affect people of any age, including children.
  • #32 Retinal Detachment Types, Symptoms, Surgery, Causes, Treatment
    https://www.medicinenet.com/causes_of_retinal_detachment/views.htm
    Lattice degeneration of the retina is a type of thinning of the outside edges of the retina, which occurs in 7%-10% of the general population. The lattice degeneration, so-called because the thinned retina resembles the crisscross pattern of a lattice, often contains small holes. Lattice degeneration is more common in people with nearsightedness (myopia). This tendency to lattice degeneration occurs because myopic eyes are larger than normal eyes and, therefore, the peripheral retina is stretched more thinly. […] High myopia (greater than 5 or 6 diopters of nearsightedness) increases the risk of a retinal detachment. The risk increases to 2.4% as compared to a 0.06% risk for a normal eye at 60 years of age. […] Cataract surgery, especially if the operation has complications involving the vitreous, increases the risk of a retinal detachment.
  • #33 Retinal Detachment: Symptoms, Causes, Types, Precaution & Treatment
    https://www.dragarwal.com/diseases-conditions/retinal-detachment/
    Retinal detachment can occur due to various underlying conditions and risk factors. The most common retinal detachment causes include severe myopia (nearsightedness), ocular trauma, previous eye surgeries, and diabetic retinopathy. Identifying these risk factors early can help prevent retinal separation and protect long-term vision. Below are some of the major causes: […] Severe myopia is a significant risk factor for retinal detachment. In individuals with high myopia, the eyeball is elongated, stretching the retina and making it thinner and more fragile. This increases the likelihood of retinal tears and lattice retinal degeneration, which can lead to retinal separation. Regular eye checkups are crucial for people with high myopia to monitor retinal health. […] People who have undergone cataract surgery may have an increased risk of retinal detachment. During surgery, the natural lens is removed and replaced with an artificial intraocular lens (IOL). In some cases, this process can cause vitreous detachment, leading to retinal tears or exudative retinal detachment due to fluid accumulation. Patients who experience sudden retinal detachment eye flashes or floaters after cataract surgery should seek immediate medical attention.
  • #34 Retinal Detachment: Symptoms & Causes
    https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/10705-retinal-detachment
    Retinal detachment is a serious eye condition. The retina, the layer of tissue in the back of the eye, pulls away from tissues supporting it. A detached retina affects your vision and can lead to blindness. […] Risk factors and causes for detached retinas include: Aging. Eye injury. Having a previous retinal detachment or a family history of retinal detachment. Having a previous eye surgery. […] Having certain eye conditions also raises your risk for retinal detachment, such as: Being very nearsighted. Posterior vitreous detachment, where the thick fluid in the middle of the eye (vitreous) pulls away from the retina. Other conditions that affect your retina or choroid, like lattice degeneration (retina thinning) or diabetes-related retinopathy. […] Complications/side effects of treating retinal detachment include: Bleeding. Infection. Higher pressure in your eye (intraocular pressure). The chance that you may need another surgery. […] Your outlook depends on factors like how clear your vision was before the retinal detachment, how extensive your detachment was and if there are any other complicating factors.
  • #35 Retinal Detachment Types, Symptoms, Surgery, Causes, Treatment
    https://www.medicinenet.com/causes_of_retinal_detachment/views.htm
    Lattice degeneration of the retina is a type of thinning of the outside edges of the retina, which occurs in 7%-10% of the general population. The lattice degeneration, so-called because the thinned retina resembles the crisscross pattern of a lattice, often contains small holes. Lattice degeneration is more common in people with nearsightedness (myopia). This tendency to lattice degeneration occurs because myopic eyes are larger than normal eyes and, therefore, the peripheral retina is stretched more thinly. […] High myopia (greater than 5 or 6 diopters of nearsightedness) increases the risk of a retinal detachment. The risk increases to 2.4% as compared to a 0.06% risk for a normal eye at 60 years of age. […] Cataract surgery, especially if the operation has complications involving the vitreous, increases the risk of a retinal detachment.
  • #36 Retinal Detachment – EyeWiki
    https://eyewiki.org/Retinal_Detachment
    Retinal detachment is a sight threatening condition with an incidence of approximately 1 in 10000. […] Lattice degeneration is considered the most important peripheral retinal degeneration process that predisposes to a rhegmatogenous retinal detachment. […] Retinal detachment occurs when subretinal fluid accumulates between the neurosensory retina and the retinal pigment epithelium. This process can occur in three ways. One mechanism involves occurrence of a break in the retina allowing liquified vitreous to directly enter the subretinal space. This is known as a rhegmatogenous retinal detachment. Rhegmatogenous retinal detachments are often due to retinal tears associated with posterior vitreous detachment or trauma. […] Although this monograph focuses on rhegmatogenous retinal detachment, it is pertinent to note the other major causes of retinal detachment. A second mechanism involves proliferative membranes on the surface of the retina or vitreous. These membranes can pull on the neurosensory retina causing a physical separation between the neurosensory retina and retinal pigment epithelium. This is called a tractional retinal detachment.
  • #37 Retinal Detachment: Symptoms & Causes
    https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/10705-retinal-detachment
    Retinal detachment is a serious eye condition. The retina, the layer of tissue in the back of the eye, pulls away from tissues supporting it. A detached retina affects your vision and can lead to blindness. […] Risk factors and causes for detached retinas include: Aging. Eye injury. Having a previous retinal detachment or a family history of retinal detachment. Having a previous eye surgery. […] Having certain eye conditions also raises your risk for retinal detachment, such as: Being very nearsighted. Posterior vitreous detachment, where the thick fluid in the middle of the eye (vitreous) pulls away from the retina. Other conditions that affect your retina or choroid, like lattice degeneration (retina thinning) or diabetes-related retinopathy. […] Complications/side effects of treating retinal detachment include: Bleeding. Infection. Higher pressure in your eye (intraocular pressure). The chance that you may need another surgery. […] Your outlook depends on factors like how clear your vision was before the retinal detachment, how extensive your detachment was and if there are any other complicating factors.
  • #38
    https://www.aao.org/eye-health/diseases/detached-torn-retina
    A detached retina is when the retina lifts away from the back of the eye. […] A detached retina is a serious problem. […] As we get older, the vitreous in our eyes starts to shrink and get thinner. […] But sometimes the vitreous may stick to the retina and pull hard enough to tear it. […] You are more likely to have a detached retina if you: need glasses to see far away (are nearsighted), have had cataract, glaucoma, or other eye surgery, take glaucoma medications that make the pupil small (like pilocarpine), had a serious eye injury, had a retinal tear or detachment in your other eye, have family members who had retinal detachment, have weak areas in your retina (seen by an eye doctor during an exam). […] A detached retina has to be examined by an ophthalmologist right away. […] Surgery is done to repair a detached retina.
  • #39 Retinal detachment – Wikipedia
    https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Retinal_detachment
    Myopia (nearsightedness): Individuals with myopia have a longer axial length of the eyeball, which increases their risk of developing posterior vitreous detachment. […] Trauma: Blunt and penetrating trauma to the eye can disrupt the vitreous, leading to posterior vitreous detachment. […] Cataract surgery: Previous cataract surgery, particularly when associated with vitreous loss, is linked to shifts in the vitreous, increasing the risk of posterior vitreous detachment. […] Inflammatory eye conditions, such as uveitis, are associated with an increased risk of posterior vitreous detachment. […] Less frequently, rhegmatogenous retinal detachments can occur without PVD. […] Common causes of failure in retinal detachment repair include missed or poorly sealed retinal breaks, new retinal breaks, and proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR).
  • #40 Retinal Detachment Types, Symptoms, Surgery, Causes, Treatment
    https://www.medicinenet.com/causes_of_retinal_detachment/views.htm
    Blunt trauma, as from a tennis ball or fist, or a penetrating injury by a sharp object to the eye can lead to a retinal detachment. A family history of a detached retina that is non-traumatic seems to indicate a genetic (inherited) tendency for developing retinal detachments. […] Diabetes that has been complicated by the development of proliferative diabetic retinopathy can lead to a type of retinal detachment that is caused by pulling on the retina (traction) alone, without a tear. […] Non-rhegmatogenous retinal detachments are those that are not a result of a retinal break, hole, or tear. These include conditions known as exudative retinal detachments and tractional retinal detachments.
  • #41 Retinal Detachment: Symptoms, Causes, Types, Precaution & Treatment
    https://www.dragarwal.com/diseases-conditions/retinal-detachment/
    Diabetes-related eye conditions, such as diabetic retinopathy, can lead to tractional retinal detachment. In advanced cases, abnormal blood vessels and scar tissue form on the retina, pulling it away from the back of the eye. This type of retinal detachment progresses gradually and may cause distorted vision, dark shadows, or central vision loss. Managing blood sugar levels and undergoing regular diabetic eye screenings can help prevent retinal separation.
  • #42 Retinal Detachment: Symptoms, Causes, Types, Precaution & Treatment
    https://www.dragarwal.com/diseases-conditions/retinal-detachment/
    Diabetes-related eye conditions, such as diabetic retinopathy, can lead to tractional retinal detachment. In advanced cases, abnormal blood vessels and scar tissue form on the retina, pulling it away from the back of the eye. This type of retinal detachment progresses gradually and may cause distorted vision, dark shadows, or central vision loss. Managing blood sugar levels and undergoing regular diabetic eye screenings can help prevent retinal separation.
  • #43 Retinal Detachment Types, Symptoms, Surgery, Causes, Treatment
    https://www.medicinenet.com/causes_of_retinal_detachment/views.htm
    Blunt trauma, as from a tennis ball or fist, or a penetrating injury by a sharp object to the eye can lead to a retinal detachment. A family history of a detached retina that is non-traumatic seems to indicate a genetic (inherited) tendency for developing retinal detachments. […] Diabetes that has been complicated by the development of proliferative diabetic retinopathy can lead to a type of retinal detachment that is caused by pulling on the retina (traction) alone, without a tear. […] Non-rhegmatogenous retinal detachments are those that are not a result of a retinal break, hole, or tear. These include conditions known as exudative retinal detachments and tractional retinal detachments.
  • #44 Retinal Detachment: Symptoms, Causes, Types, Precaution & Treatment
    https://www.dragarwal.com/diseases-conditions/retinal-detachment/
    Ocular trauma, including sports injuries, blunt force impacts, or accidents, can result in retinal detachment. A direct blow to the eye can cause the retina to tear or detach completely. Athletes and individuals in high-risk professions should use protective eyewear to minimize the chances of traumatic retinal detachment. […] Lattice retinal degeneration is a condition where the peripheral retina becomes thinner and more vulnerable to tears. This degeneration is common in individuals with high myopia and can lead to spontaneous retinal detachment. Regular eye exams, including retinal detachment vision simulator tests, can help detect early signs of lattice degeneration and prevent serious complications. […] Genetics play a role in retinal detachment causes, as individuals with a family history of the condition are at higher risk. Certain inherited conditions, such as Stickler syndrome or Marfan syndrome, weaken retinal structures, increasing the chances of retinal separation. If there is a history of retinal detachment in the family, routine screenings are recommended to monitor retinal health.
  • #45 Retinal Detachment: Causes, Symptoms, and Treatment
    https://patient.info/eye-care/retinal-detachment
    Inflammation, eye surgery, eye infection or eye trauma can cause scar tissue (fibrous tissue) to form in the eye between the vitreous and the rods and cones. […] In this type of RD, fluid seeps out of blood vessels in the retina into the space between the retina and the RPE. […] Retinal detachment is more likely with the following: Aged over 50, Previous retinal detachment, Family history of retinal detachment, Near-sightedness (myopia), Previous eye surgery, such as cataract removal, Previous severe eye injury, Diabetic eye disease (diabetic retinopathy), Marfan syndrome. […] There is no definite answer for how long it takes for a retinal detachment to cause blindness. However, blindness may occur very quickly so if you think you may be experiencing symptoms of retinal detachment, you need to contact a doctor or get to your nearest eye hospital immediately. […] If the RD does not involve the macula and is treated promptly, life after retinal detachment surgery usually means a good recovery with restoration of most of your vision is expected.
  • #46 Retinal Detachment Causes, Symptoms & Treatment
    https://www.centreforsight.net/blog/retinal-detachment-causes-symptoms-treatment-in-india
    A non-traumatic retinal detachment of one eye: In a few patients who suffer from a detached retina that is non-traumatic in one eye, detachment subsequently occurs in the other eye. […] Diabetes: If a person who has diabetes develops diabetic retinopathy, then it can create a type of retinal detachment caused by pulling on the retina alone.
  • #47 Retinal Detachment Causes, Symptoms & Treatment
    https://www.centreforsight.net/blog/retinal-detachment-causes-symptoms-treatment-in-india
    A non-traumatic retinal detachment of one eye: In a few patients who suffer from a detached retina that is non-traumatic in one eye, detachment subsequently occurs in the other eye. […] Diabetes: If a person who has diabetes develops diabetic retinopathy, then it can create a type of retinal detachment caused by pulling on the retina alone.
  • #48 Pathology and pathogenesis of retinal detachment | Eye
    https://www.nature.com/articles/6700197
    Retinal detachment, separation of the neurosensory retina from the underlying retinal pigment epithelium, is a sight threatening condition that is considered one of the few ocular emergencies. […] We briefly review major aspects of retinal detachment and discuss various important contributions in this field, focussing mainly on the pathogenesis of and predisposing factors to retinal detachment, and on the pathologic changes that occur following its development and following various surgical procedures currently used in its management. […] A retinal detachment occurs when the forces of adhesion between the NSR and the RPE are overwhelmed. This can occur by different mechanisms. Regardless of the mechanism, all types of retinal detachment have one characteristic in common, the accumulation of subretinal fluid.
  • #49 Retinal Detachment – EyeWiki
    https://eyewiki.org/Retinal_Detachment
    Retinal detachment is a sight threatening condition with an incidence of approximately 1 in 10000. […] Lattice degeneration is considered the most important peripheral retinal degeneration process that predisposes to a rhegmatogenous retinal detachment. […] Retinal detachment occurs when subretinal fluid accumulates between the neurosensory retina and the retinal pigment epithelium. This process can occur in three ways. One mechanism involves occurrence of a break in the retina allowing liquified vitreous to directly enter the subretinal space. This is known as a rhegmatogenous retinal detachment. Rhegmatogenous retinal detachments are often due to retinal tears associated with posterior vitreous detachment or trauma. […] Although this monograph focuses on rhegmatogenous retinal detachment, it is pertinent to note the other major causes of retinal detachment. A second mechanism involves proliferative membranes on the surface of the retina or vitreous. These membranes can pull on the neurosensory retina causing a physical separation between the neurosensory retina and retinal pigment epithelium. This is called a tractional retinal detachment.
  • #50 Retinal Detachment Caused by Injury to the Eye – Injuries and Poisoning – MSD Manual Consumer Version
    https://www.msdmanuals.com/home/injuries-and-poisoning/eye-injuries/retinal-detachment-caused-by-injury-to-the-eye
    The retina is the light-sensitive structure at the back of the eye. Blunt injury may cause part of the retina or the entire retina to tear or to separate (detach) from its underlying surface at the back of the eyeball. […] Usually, only part of the retina detaches (often the outside edge, or peripheral part, of the retina), but if treatment does not occur shortly after the injury, more of the retina can detach. When the retina detaches, it separates from part of its blood supply. Unless the retina is reattached soon, it may be permanently damaged by lack of blood. […] A retinal detachment is painless and may be asymptomatic initially or if there is a small detachment. […] Peripheral vision is typically lost first, and vision loss spreads as the detachment progresses. […] Most retinal detachments can be surgically repaired. The surgeon seals retinal tears with laser surgery or freezing therapy (cryotherapy). For large retinal detachments, the surgeon may bring the retina and the wall of the eye together, either by placing a silicone band around the eye (called a scleral buckle) or by removing the vitreous jelly behind the lens and in front of the retina with surgery called a vitrectomy.
  • #51 Retinal Detachment – EyeWiki
    https://eyewiki.org/Retinal_Detachment
    Retinal detachment is a sight threatening condition with an incidence of approximately 1 in 10000. […] Lattice degeneration is considered the most important peripheral retinal degeneration process that predisposes to a rhegmatogenous retinal detachment. […] Retinal detachment occurs when subretinal fluid accumulates between the neurosensory retina and the retinal pigment epithelium. This process can occur in three ways. One mechanism involves occurrence of a break in the retina allowing liquified vitreous to directly enter the subretinal space. This is known as a rhegmatogenous retinal detachment. Rhegmatogenous retinal detachments are often due to retinal tears associated with posterior vitreous detachment or trauma. […] Although this monograph focuses on rhegmatogenous retinal detachment, it is pertinent to note the other major causes of retinal detachment. A second mechanism involves proliferative membranes on the surface of the retina or vitreous. These membranes can pull on the neurosensory retina causing a physical separation between the neurosensory retina and retinal pigment epithelium. This is called a tractional retinal detachment.
  • #52 Retinal Detachment – EyeWiki
    https://eyewiki.org/Retinal_Detachment
    The third mechanism for retinal detachment is due to accumulation of subretinal fluid due to inflammatory mediators or exudation of fluid from a mass lesion or insufficient RPE function. This mechanism is known as a serous or exudative retinal detachment. […] Patients with known risk factors for retinal detachment should have serial dilated fundus examinations with scleral depression, often yearly. […] Once a retinal detachment has been identified, one must determine what type of detachment is present. Surgical management is indicated for rhegmatogenous and tractional detachments. […] For rhegmatogenous detachments, all retinal breaks should be identified, treated and closed. Techniques for repair include laser retinopexy, pneumatic retinopexy, scleral buckle or vitrectomy, or combinations of these techniques.
  • #53 Retinal Detachment Risk Factors | Stanford Health Care
    https://stanfordhealthcare.org/medical-conditions/eyes-and-vision/retinal-detachment/risk-factors.html
    Certain factors can increase your risk for developing a retinal tear or detachment: […] Extreme nearsightedness (high myopia) […] Previous cataract surgery […] Severe eye injury […] Previous detachment in the other eye […] Family history of the condition […] Weak retinal areas (often identified during an eye exam).
  • #54 Retinal Detachment: Symptoms & Causes
    https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/10705-retinal-detachment
    Retinal detachment is a serious eye condition. The retina, the layer of tissue in the back of the eye, pulls away from tissues supporting it. A detached retina affects your vision and can lead to blindness. […] Risk factors and causes for detached retinas include: Aging. Eye injury. Having a previous retinal detachment or a family history of retinal detachment. Having a previous eye surgery. […] Having certain eye conditions also raises your risk for retinal detachment, such as: Being very nearsighted. Posterior vitreous detachment, where the thick fluid in the middle of the eye (vitreous) pulls away from the retina. Other conditions that affect your retina or choroid, like lattice degeneration (retina thinning) or diabetes-related retinopathy. […] Complications/side effects of treating retinal detachment include: Bleeding. Infection. Higher pressure in your eye (intraocular pressure). The chance that you may need another surgery. […] Your outlook depends on factors like how clear your vision was before the retinal detachment, how extensive your detachment was and if there are any other complicating factors.
  • #55 Retinal detachment Information | Mount Sinai – New York
    https://www.mountsinai.org/health-library/diseases-conditions/retinal-detachment
    Detached retina […] Retinal detachment is a separation of the light-sensitive membrane (retina) in the back of the eye from its supporting layers. […] The most common type of retinal detachment is often due to a tear or hole in the retina. This type of detachment is called a rhegmatogenous retinal detachment. Eye fluid may leak through this opening. This causes the retina to separate from the underlying tissues, much like a bubble under wallpaper. This is most often caused by a condition called posterior vitreous detachment. It can also be caused by trauma and severe nearsightedness. A family history of retinal detachment also increases your risk. […] Another type of retinal detachment is called tractional detachment. This type occurs in people who have uncontrolled diabetes, had retinal surgery before, or have long-term (chronic) inflammation.
  • #56 Retinal detachment: MedlinePlus Medical EncyclopediaLock
    https://medlineplus.gov/ency/article/001027.htm
    Retinal detachment is a separation of the light-sensitive membrane (retina) in the back of the eye from its supporting layers. […] The most common type of retinal detachment is often due to a tear or hole in the retina. This type of detachment is called a rhegmatogenous retinal detachment. Eye fluid may leak through this opening. This causes the retina to separate from the underlying tissues, much like a bubble under wallpaper. This is most often caused by a condition called posterior vitreous detachment. It can also be caused by trauma and severe nearsightedness. A family history of retinal detachment also increases your risk. […] Another type of retinal detachment is called tractional detachment. This type occurs in people who have uncontrolled diabetes, had retinal surgery before, or have long-term (chronic) inflammation. […] A retinal detachment causes loss of vision. Surgery to repair it may help restore some or all of your vision. […] A retinal detachment is an urgent problem that requires medical attention within 24 hours of the first symptoms of new flashes of light and floaters.
  • #57 Retinal Detachment
    https://www.asrs.org/retinaldetachment
    Tractional retinal detachments are caused by scar tissue that grows on the surface of the retina and pulls the retina off the back wall of the eye. […] Exudative retinal detachments form when fluid leaks out of blood vessels and accumulates under the retina. This type of retinal detachment is much less common and can occur in eyes with abnormal inflammation or excessive leakage from abnormal blood vessels. […] Risk factors for developing a rhegmatogenous retinal detachment include lattice degeneration (thinning in the peripheral retina, or the area outside of the central retina), high myopia (extreme near-sightedness), advanced age, family history of retinal tears or retinal detachment, previous retinal detachment, previous eye surgery such as cataract surgery, and trauma.
  • #58 Retinal Detachment
    https://www.asrs.org/retinaldetachment
    Tractional retinal detachments are caused by scar tissue that grows on the surface of the retina and pulls the retina off the back wall of the eye. […] Exudative retinal detachments form when fluid leaks out of blood vessels and accumulates under the retina. This type of retinal detachment is much less common and can occur in eyes with abnormal inflammation or excessive leakage from abnormal blood vessels. […] Risk factors for developing a rhegmatogenous retinal detachment include lattice degeneration (thinning in the peripheral retina, or the area outside of the central retina), high myopia (extreme near-sightedness), advanced age, family history of retinal tears or retinal detachment, previous retinal detachment, previous eye surgery such as cataract surgery, and trauma.
  • #59 Detached Retina (Retinal Detachment) | Kellogg Eye Center | Michigan Medicine
    https://www.umkelloggeye.org/conditions-treatments/detached-retina-retinal-detachment
    Retinal holes or tears will usually need to be treated with laser treatment or cryotherapy (freezing), to seal the retina to the back wall of the eye again. […] Retinal detachments may require surgery to return the retina to its proper position in the back of the eye. […] A scleral buckle or flexible band is placed around the equator of the eye to counterbalance any force pulling the retina out of place. […] A vitrectomy is a surgical procedure to remove the vitreous gel that pulls on the retina. […] An untreated retinal detachment will usually result in permanent severe vision loss or blindness. […] If the retina cannot be reattached, the eye will continue to lose sight and ultimately become blind.
  • #60 Retinal Detachment (Torn & Detached Retina) – Retina Eya Care, P.C.
    https://www.retinaeyecare.com/retinal-diseases/retinal-detachment-torn-detached-retina/
    Retinal detachment is usually caused by abnormal aging in the vitreous gel. The vitreous gel contracts, pulls, and tears the retina. The retina then becomes dislodged from the back of the eye, resulting in a shadow or vision loss. A retinal detachment often requires surgery for repair. […] Retinal detachment usually comes from abnormal pulling forces of the vitreous gel. This usually happens at a certain age when the vitreous gel starts to mature and contract. The vitreous gel pulls on the weak part of the retina, causing the retina to be torn and dislocated. The common risk factors of this type of retinal detachment are: Age, Family history (genetics), Nearsightedness, Severe eye trauma, Inflammation, Previous eye surgery (especially if complicated). […] A detached retina can no longer provide vision because it has been pulled away from the nutrient layer.
  • #61 Retinal Detachment – EyeWiki
    https://eyewiki.org/Retinal_Detachment
    In tractional detachments, tractional elements (usually epiretinal or subretinal membranes) must be relieved. […] For serous detachments, management is nonsurgical. Any inflammatory disease or underlying mass should be identified and treated if possible. […] Proliferative retinopathy (PVR) is the most common cause of repair failure and occurs in about 810% of patients undergoing primary retinal detachment repair.
  • #62 RETINAL DETACHMENT: THE RETINA INSTITUTE BOARD CERTIFIED RETINAL MICRO-SURGICAL EYE CARE
    https://theretinainstitute.org/retinal-detachment
    Retinal detachments occur at rate of about 5 per 100,000 people per year and over a lifetime, one has about a 1 in 300 chance of developing a retinal detachment. […] The most common type is rhegmatogenous which essentially means that the retinal detachment has resulted from compromise in the retinal tissue which allows subretinal fluid to accumulate. […] The integrity of the retina relies upon the retina laying flat against the wall of the eye because the retina relies on components in the wall of the eye to stay healthy. […] One of the greatest struggles in retinal detachment pathophysiology is the development of scar tissue known as proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR) which can pull on the retina and re-detach it even after successful retinal detachment repair. […] Complex retinal detachments due to PVR are associated with retinal scar tissue or membranes; these ultimately contract, pull, and stretch the retina, causing retinal tears or stretch holes.
  • #63 RETINAL DETACHMENT: THE RETINA INSTITUTE BOARD CERTIFIED RETINAL MICRO-SURGICAL EYE CARE
    https://theretinainstitute.org/retinal-detachment
    The reason these membranes form is uncertain, but it is thought to be due to cells growing on the retinal surface. […] PVR most commonly occurs after a previous (primary) retinal detachment repair surgery. […] PVR is the most common cause of primary retinal detachment surgery failure, occurring in approximately 5% to 10% of all retinal detachments. […] Many risk factors for PVR have been identified, including: large or multiple retinal tears, giant retinal tears, vitreous hemorrhage, choroidal detachments, eye trauma, and multiple previous surgical procedures.
  • #64 Retinal detachment: MedlinePlus Medical EncyclopediaLock
    https://medlineplus.gov/ency/article/001027.htm
    Retinal detachment is a separation of the light-sensitive membrane (retina) in the back of the eye from its supporting layers. […] The most common type of retinal detachment is often due to a tear or hole in the retina. This type of detachment is called a rhegmatogenous retinal detachment. Eye fluid may leak through this opening. This causes the retina to separate from the underlying tissues, much like a bubble under wallpaper. This is most often caused by a condition called posterior vitreous detachment. It can also be caused by trauma and severe nearsightedness. A family history of retinal detachment also increases your risk. […] Another type of retinal detachment is called tractional detachment. This type occurs in people who have uncontrolled diabetes, had retinal surgery before, or have long-term (chronic) inflammation. […] A retinal detachment causes loss of vision. Surgery to repair it may help restore some or all of your vision. […] A retinal detachment is an urgent problem that requires medical attention within 24 hours of the first symptoms of new flashes of light and floaters.
  • #65 Retinal detachment FAQs
    https://www.allaboutvision.com/conditions/retinal-detachment/ask-doctor/
    Age and eye trauma or injury are the most common causes of retinal detachment. […] Rhegmatogenous retinal detachment is the most common type of detached retina. It is caused by a hole or tear in the retina. […] Age-related retinal tears are the most common cause of RRD. […] Some people may be at a higher risk of experiencing a detached retina. Age is one of the most common risk factors for this condition. […] Retinal tears or holes identified before the retina detaches may be repaired with laser or cryopexy (cold) therapy. […] However, more extensive detachments generally require surgery. […] The earlier retinal detachment is diagnosed and treated, the better the chance of treatment success and vision preservation. […] A detached retina is a medical emergency that requires immediate attention. […] Most cases of retinal detachment do not heal without treatment. […] Treatment reattaches the retina to the back of the eye and restores its blood supply, which the eye will not do on its own.
  • #66 Retinal detachment – Diagnosis and treatment – Mayo Clinic
    https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/retinal-detachment/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20351348
    Surgery is almost always the type of treatment used to repair a retinal tear, hole or detachment. […] If your retina has detached, you’ll need surgery to repair it. It’s ideal to get surgery within days of finding out that your retina has detached. […] The type of surgery that your surgeon recommends depends on factors such as the location of the retinal detachment and how severe it is. […] After sealing a retinal tear with cryopexy or laser photocoagulation, a gas bubble is injected into the vitreous. The bubble applies gentle pressure, helping a detached section of the retina to reattach to the eyeball. […] This surgery is called pneumatic retinopexy. A surgeon injects a bubble of air or gas into the center part of the eye, also called the vitreous cavity. […] This surgery is called scleral buckling. It involves the surgeon sewing a piece of silicone to the white part of the eye, called the sclera, over the affected area. […] This surgery is known as vitrectomy. The surgeon removes the vitreous along with any tissue that is tugging on the retina.
  • #67 Retinal detachment – Diagnosis and treatment – Mayo Clinic
    https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/retinal-detachment/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20351348
    Surgery is almost always the type of treatment used to repair a retinal tear, hole or detachment. […] If your retina has detached, you’ll need surgery to repair it. It’s ideal to get surgery within days of finding out that your retina has detached. […] The type of surgery that your surgeon recommends depends on factors such as the location of the retinal detachment and how severe it is. […] After sealing a retinal tear with cryopexy or laser photocoagulation, a gas bubble is injected into the vitreous. The bubble applies gentle pressure, helping a detached section of the retina to reattach to the eyeball. […] This surgery is called pneumatic retinopexy. A surgeon injects a bubble of air or gas into the center part of the eye, also called the vitreous cavity. […] This surgery is called scleral buckling. It involves the surgeon sewing a piece of silicone to the white part of the eye, called the sclera, over the affected area. […] This surgery is known as vitrectomy. The surgeon removes the vitreous along with any tissue that is tugging on the retina.
  • #68 Retinal detachment – Diagnosis and treatment – Mayo Clinic
    https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/retinal-detachment/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20351348
    Surgery is almost always the type of treatment used to repair a retinal tear, hole or detachment. […] If your retina has detached, you’ll need surgery to repair it. It’s ideal to get surgery within days of finding out that your retina has detached. […] The type of surgery that your surgeon recommends depends on factors such as the location of the retinal detachment and how severe it is. […] After sealing a retinal tear with cryopexy or laser photocoagulation, a gas bubble is injected into the vitreous. The bubble applies gentle pressure, helping a detached section of the retina to reattach to the eyeball. […] This surgery is called pneumatic retinopexy. A surgeon injects a bubble of air or gas into the center part of the eye, also called the vitreous cavity. […] This surgery is called scleral buckling. It involves the surgeon sewing a piece of silicone to the white part of the eye, called the sclera, over the affected area. […] This surgery is known as vitrectomy. The surgeon removes the vitreous along with any tissue that is tugging on the retina.
  • #69 Retinal detachment – Diagnosis and treatment – Mayo Clinic
    https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/retinal-detachment/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20351348
    Surgery is almost always the type of treatment used to repair a retinal tear, hole or detachment. […] If your retina has detached, you’ll need surgery to repair it. It’s ideal to get surgery within days of finding out that your retina has detached. […] The type of surgery that your surgeon recommends depends on factors such as the location of the retinal detachment and how severe it is. […] After sealing a retinal tear with cryopexy or laser photocoagulation, a gas bubble is injected into the vitreous. The bubble applies gentle pressure, helping a detached section of the retina to reattach to the eyeball. […] This surgery is called pneumatic retinopexy. A surgeon injects a bubble of air or gas into the center part of the eye, also called the vitreous cavity. […] This surgery is called scleral buckling. It involves the surgeon sewing a piece of silicone to the white part of the eye, called the sclera, over the affected area. […] This surgery is known as vitrectomy. The surgeon removes the vitreous along with any tissue that is tugging on the retina.
  • #70 Retinal detachment I Eye condition information | RNIB
    https://www.rnib.org.uk/your-eyes/eye-conditions-az/retinal-detachment/
    Natural ageing changes in the vitreous gel from PVD, known as PVD, can cause retinal tears and PVD is more common as you get older. […] Anyone can develop a retinal detachment, but certain people are at higher risk. […] If your retinal detachment isn’t treated, then you are likely to lose all the vision in the affected eye. […] Surgery for retinal detachment is complicated and individual to each person’s eye. The type of treatment/surgery you may need depends on the type and cause of the detachment, and any complicating factors, such as any other eye conditions you may already have. […] Surgery is usually very successful at reattaching the retina, but how well your vision recovers depends on: how much of your retina detached, if your macula (the central part of your retina, used for seeing detail and reading) was detached, how long your retina was detached, if you have another eye condition, such as diabetic retinopathy. […] Around one in 10 people may need more than one operation to treat a retinal detachment. […] If your retinal detachment has left you with sight loss in one eye, you may still have useful vision in your other eye.
  • #71 Retinal detachment I Eye condition information | RNIB
    https://www.rnib.org.uk/your-eyes/eye-conditions-az/retinal-detachment/
    Natural ageing changes in the vitreous gel from PVD, known as PVD, can cause retinal tears and PVD is more common as you get older. […] Anyone can develop a retinal detachment, but certain people are at higher risk. […] If your retinal detachment isn’t treated, then you are likely to lose all the vision in the affected eye. […] Surgery for retinal detachment is complicated and individual to each person’s eye. The type of treatment/surgery you may need depends on the type and cause of the detachment, and any complicating factors, such as any other eye conditions you may already have. […] Surgery is usually very successful at reattaching the retina, but how well your vision recovers depends on: how much of your retina detached, if your macula (the central part of your retina, used for seeing detail and reading) was detached, how long your retina was detached, if you have another eye condition, such as diabetic retinopathy. […] Around one in 10 people may need more than one operation to treat a retinal detachment. […] If your retinal detachment has left you with sight loss in one eye, you may still have useful vision in your other eye.
  • #72
    https://www.aao.org/eye-health/diseases/detached-torn-retina
    Here are some types of detached retina surgery: Pneumatic Retinopexy, Vitrectomy, Scleral Buckle. […] All surgery has risks of problems. […] But if you do not treat a detached retina, you could quickly and permanently lose your sight. […] Your sight should begin to improve about four to six weeks after surgery.

Zobacz więcej

plomba nadtwardówkowa twardówka proliferacyjna retinopatia cukrzycowa soczewka wewnątrzgałkowa tylne odłączenie ciała szklistego krótkowzroczność naczyniówka zapalenie błony naczyniowej oka zespół Marfana witrektomia odwarstwienie siatkówki niedokrwistość sierpowatokrwinkowa zwyrodnienie kraciaste siatkówki jaskra uraz oka odwarstwienie trakcyjne usunięcie zaćmy choroba Coatsa nabłonek barwnikowy siatkówki plamka żółta retinopatia cukrzycowa zespół Sticklera ciało szkliste odwarstwienie wysiękowe proliferacyjna witreoretinopatia utrata wzroku zwyrodnienie plamki żółtej odwarstwienie rhegmatogenne komórki siatkówki