Materiały źródłowe

• #1 Kidney infection: Symptoms, causes, and treatment

  https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/182306

  Often, a kidney infection results from a preexisting infection in the urinary tract. The best way to help prevent a kidney infection is by taking steps to help avoid an infection in the urethra or bladder. The American Kidney Fund offers some tips to help prevent a kidney infection. These include: […] Hydration: Drink plenty of fluids, particularly water. […] Urination: Urinate whenever there is an urge. Do not wait. […] Sexual intercourse: Urinate after sexual intercourse. Wash the genitals before and after intercourse. […] Hygiene: Wash the genitals every day. Do not use deodorant sprays or a douche on the genitals. […] Toilet hygiene: After passing stools, wipe the anus from front to back. This reduces the risk of spreading bacteria to the genitals. […] Fiber: Eat plenty of fiber so that stools pass easily and do not cause irritation or skin lesions. Constipation increases the risk of developing a kidney infection.

• #2 Urinary Tract Infections (UTI) – Prevention and Management

  https://www.mohanfoundation.org/organ-donation-transplant-resources/Urinary-Tract-Infections-Prevention-and-Management.asp

  A urinary tract infection (UTI) is an infection in any part of your urinary system your kidneys, ureters, bladder, and urethra. […] Women are at a greater risk of developing UTI than are men. […] However serious consequences can occur if a UTI spreads to your kidneys. […] The following factors can increase the likelihood of developing a UTI: sexual intercourse, especially if more frequent, intense, and with multiple or new partners […] kidney stones […] What are the symptoms of UTI? […] In kidney infection (pyelonephritis)- back pain, high fever, shaking and chills, nausea, and vomiting. […] How can UTI be prevented? […] Drink plenty of liquids, especially water. Drinking water helps dilute your urine and ensures that you will urinate more frequently allowing bacteria to be flushed from your urinary tract before an infection can begin. […] Maintain intimate hygiene. […] Empty your bladder soon after intercourse. […] The best way to prevent a UTI is to stay hydrated and be hygienic. Do not let a small infection become a big one due to ignorance.

• #3 Kidney infection – Symptoms, treatment and prevention | American Kidney Fund

  https://www.kidneyfund.org/all-about-kidneys/other-kidney-problems/kidney-infection

  How can I prevent kidney infections? […] You may be able to lower your chance of getting a kidney infection by: […] Drinking plenty of water […] Urinating as soon as you feel the need to […] Urinating after having sex […] Wiping from front to back after going to the bathroom, if you are a woman, to keep bacteria from your vagina or anus from getting into your urethra […] Avoiding the use of deodorant sprays or douches in your genital area […] Getting treatment for constipation (trouble passing stool [poop]) […] Constipation is not a symptom of kidney infection but it can increase your chance of having bacteria in your urinary tract because it can make it difficult to empty your bladder fully.

• #4 Kidney Infection (Pyelonephritis): Symptoms & Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/15456-kidney-infection-pyelonephritis

  Kidney infections often start as infections in your bladder. Preventing these lower urinary tract infections is the first step in preventing kidney infections. Some ways to prevent infections in all parts of your urinary tract include: […] Drink plenty of fluids. Talk to your healthcare provider about the amount of water and other fluids they recommend for you each day. […] Empty your bladder completely. Holding in your pee can help bacteria grow. […] Pee before and after having sex. This helps remove any bacteria that’s in your urinary tract. […] Practice good hygiene. Things like showering regularly and changing out of wet or sweaty underwear can help prevent bacteria from getting into your body. After you poop, wipe from front to back. This helps push bacteria in your poop away from openings in your body.

• #5 Kidney infection – Symptoms and causes – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/kidney-infection/symptoms-causes/syc-20353387

  Reduce your risk of kidney infection by taking steps to prevent urinary tract infections. Women in particular may lower the risk of urinary tract infections if they: […] Drink fluids, especially water. Fluids can help remove bacteria from the body when you urinate. […] Urinate as soon as you need to. Don’t delay urinating when you feel the urge. […] Empty the bladder after sexual intercourse. Urinating as soon as possible after sex helps clear bacteria from the urethra. This lowers the risk of infection. […] Wipe carefully. Wipe from front to back after urinating and after a bowel movement. This helps prevent bacteria from spreading to the urethra. […] Avoid using products in the genital area. Deodorant sprays in the genital area or douches can be irritating.

• #6 5 tips to prevent a urinary tract infection – Mayo Clinic Health System

  https://www.mayoclinichealthsystem.org/hometown-health/speaking-of-health/5-tips-to-prevent-a-urinary-tract-infection

  A urinary tract infection, also called a UTI, is an infection that occurs in the urinary system. This could include the urethra, bladder, ureters and kidneys. Most infections involve the bladder and urethra, known as the lower urinary tract. […] It’s always better to prevent an infection rather than simply treat it. UTIs are no different. […] Follow these tips to lower your risk of a UTI with little or no potential negative side effects: […] Drink plenty of fluids, especially water. This helps keep bladder tissue hydrated and healthy. It also dilutes your urine and lowers the concentration of bacteria in the bladder. Some people can clear an infection on their own just by drinking fluids. Try drinking at least 50 ounces, or about 1.5 liters, of fluid daily to prevent infections. […] Empty your bladder often. Regularly emptying your bladder ensures urine is not sitting in your bladder for long periods of time. Since bacteria like warm and wet environments to grow, this takes away good living conditions for the bacteria. It’s normal to empty your bladder four to eight times per day.

• #7 How to Prevent a Kidney Infection

  https://www.everydayhealth.com/kidney-infection/prevention/

  Kidney infections usually happen when a urinary tract infection (UTI) develops in your lower urinary tract your urethra and bladder then spreads to your kidneys. […] If you experience symptoms of a UTI, seeking prompt evaluation and treatment can help prevent your infection from spreading to your kidneys. […] You can also take a number of steps to prevent a UTI from developing in the first place, from drinking lots of water to ensuring proper hygiene in your urethral area. […] Because most kidney infections begin as UTIs that affect your urethra and bladder, preventing a UTI in the first place can help prevent kidney infections. […] The following steps can help you avoid an infection: Drink lots of water. Liquids that you drink turn into urine, which flushes harmful bacteria out of your urinary tract.

• #8 Prevention of Urinary Tract Infection (UTI) in Women: General Guidelines and Suggestions, Sterilizing Washcloths for Home Use, Summary of Tips

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/2040239-overview

  There are a number of general guidelines and suggestions that will help women avoid urinary tract infections (UTIs) in most instances. These may be conveniently divided into the categories of hygiene, clothing, diet, activities, and medications. Most UTIs are ascending infections of bacteria that colonize the vaginal wall and eventually the urethra. From the urethra, the bacteria can travel upwards and infect the bladder (lower tract infection) or continue from the bladder up the ureters and infect the kidneys themselves (upper tract infection). The effective preventive measures are able to block this bacterial migration. […] Extremely effective is avoiding long intervals between urinating. Try to empty the bladder at least every 4 hours during the day while awake, even if the need or urge to void is absent. When feeling the need to empty the bladder, do not try to hold it until a more convenient time or place.

• #9 Kidney infection

  https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/kidney-infection/

  There are some things you can try to ease kidney infection symptoms while you’re having treatment. They can also help prevent a kidney infection coming back. […] always try to fully empty your bladder when you pee. […] do not take ibuprofen unless advised by a doctor it may increase your risk of further kidney problems. […] do not hold your pee in if you feel the urge to go.

• #10 Urinary Tract Infection (UTI): Causes, Symptoms & Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/9135-urinary-tract-infections

  The following lifestyle changes can help prevent urinary tract infections: […] Practicing good hygiene is one of the best ways to help prevent UTIs. This is especially important if you have a vagina because your urethra is much shorter, and its easier for E. coli to move from your rectum back into your body. Always wipe from front to back after a bowel movement (pooping) to avoid this. […] Drinking extra fluids especially water each day can help flush out bacteria from your urinary tract. Healthcare providers recommend drinking six to eight glasses of water daily. […] Peeing frequently can reduce your risk of developing an infection, especially if you get UTIs a lot. […] You should also try to pee right before and right after having sex. Sex can introduce bacteria to your urethra, and peeing before and after sex helps flush it out.

• #11 Urinary tract infections (UTIs)

  https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/urinary-tract-infections-utis/

  There are some things you can try to help prevent a urinary tract infection (UTI) happening or prevent it returning. […] wipe from front to back when you go to the toilet […] keep the genital area clean and dry […] drink plenty of fluids, particularly water so that you regularly pee during the day and do not feel thirsty […] wash the skin around the vagina with water before and after sex […] pee as soon as possible after sex […] promptly change nappies or incontinence pads if they’re soiled […] do not use scented soap […] do not hold your pee in if you feel the urge to go […] do not rush when going for a pee try to fully empty your bladder […] do not wear tight synthetic underwear, such as nylon […] do not drink lots of alcoholic drinks, as they may irritate your bladder

• #12 Kidney Infections: Symptoms, Causes, Treatments, and Prevention

  https://www.webmd.com/a-to-z-guides/kidney-infections-symptoms-and-treatments

  You can’t completely prevent bladder infections. But you may be less likely to get one if you: […] Drink lots of water, go to the bathroom regularly, and pee right after sex to prevent kidney infections.

• #13 7 tips to prevent a UTI | UCLA Health

  https://www.uclahealth.org/news/article/7-tips-prevent-uti

  Holding urine and ignoring the urge to go increases your risk for many health issues, including UTI. […] Underwear that is tight or made of non-breathable material can cause you to sweat and accumulate moisture near your genitals. […] Urinating after sexual intercourse helps to flush out the urinary tract and any bacteria that might be there. […] Probiotics add good bacteria to your body. The more good bacteria you have, the less likely harmful bacteria can grow. […] Vaginal estrogen helps to restore the elasticity of vaginal tissue and helps keep your vaginal microbiome healthy and full of good bacteria. A healthier vagina creates an unwelcome environment for the harmful bacteria that can cause a UTI. […] While preventive action can reduce your risk of UTI, it is not foolproof. […] If you get UTIs frequently, work with your primary care physician to create a more aggressive prevention plan. They may recommend preventive medication or antibiotics to help your bladder heal while restoring a healthy bacterial environment.

• #14 Urinary Tract Infection Basics | Urinary Tract Infection | CDC

  https://www.cdc.gov/uti/about/index.html

  Urinate after sexual activity. […] Stay well hydrated. […] Take showers instead of baths. […] Minimize douching, sprays or powders in the genital area. […] Teach girls when potty training to wipe front to back.

• #15 Preventing a Urinary Tract Infection (UTI)

  https://www.verywellhealth.com/urinary-tract-infections-prevention-3520513

  Personal hygiene and changes in sex practices are key […] Thus, prevention is key to avoiding the persistent and sometimes severe complications of infection. […] While safer sex and good genital hygiene are central to preventing a UTI, other practices may help if you are prone to recurrent infection, including avoiding scented soaps and other products, staying well-hydrated, and not holding your urine. […] The primary aim is to avoid the introduction of harmful bacteria into the urinary tract, either as a result of bathroom habits or sexual activity. The secondary aim is to maintain your urinary tract health and make it less vulnerable to infection. […] Everyone can benefit from the same prevention tips: Cleanse your genitals before and after sex: Use warm water and a plain, mild soap. Avoid harsh cleansers or scented soaps, which can cause inflammation of the urethra (the tube through which urine leaves the body). Urinate immediately after sex: Doing so helps flush bacteria and other microbes out of the urinary tract. Wash your rectum daily: Regular washing prevents bacteria from spreading from residual fecal matter, often trapped in skin folds, to adjacent tissues. Drinks lots of water: By regularly flushing the urinary tract, bacteria will have a harder time establishing an infection. Aim to drink eight glasses of water per day (roughly a half gallon). Don’t hold your urine: Holding your urine allows any bacteria circulating in the bladder to establish an infection. Go to the bathroom as soon as you feel the need and empty your bladder completely.

• #16 Urinary tract infection (UTI) – Symptoms and causes – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/urinary-tract-infection/symptoms-causes/syc-20353447

  These steps may help lower the risk of UTIs: […] Drink plenty of liquids, especially water. Drinking water helps dilute the urine. That leads to urinating more often allowing bacteria to be flushed from the urinary tract before an infection can begin. […] Try cranberry juice. Studies that look into whether cranberry juice prevents UTIs aren’t final. However, drinking cranberry juice is likely not harmful. […] Wipe from front to back. Do this after urinating and after a bowel movement. It helps prevent the spread of bacteria from the anus to the vagina and urethra. […] Empty your bladder soon after having sex. Also drink a full glass of water to help flush bacteria. […] Avoid potentially irritating feminine products. Using them in the genital area can irritate the urethra. These products include deodorant sprays, douches and powders. […] Change your birth control method. Diaphragms, unlubricated condoms or condoms treated with spermicide can contribute to bacterial growth.

• #17 Urinary Tract Infection: Prevention

  https://www.nationwidechildrens.org/conditions/urinary-tract-infection-prevention

  A urinary tract infection (UTI) happens when germs (bacteria) enter the urethra and grow. To keep the kidneys working well, its important to protect them from infection. […] To help prevent UTIs, your child needs to: Pee as soon as they have the urge to go. Its not safe to hold in pee. Pee every 3 hours while theyre awake. After peeing, they should relax their body, count to 10, and see if they can pee a little more. Not hold in poop. This can cause them to hold in their pee too. If your child has constipation, talk to their doctor about ways to treat it. Drink plenty of liquids, especially water 6 to 8 glasses each day. Keep their bottoms clean and dry. Put on clean underwear each day. […] Children born female need to take special care to prevent UTIs. They have a shorter urethra. Because of this, bacteria do not need to go as far to get into the bladder and grow. To help prevent a UTI, your child needs to: Wipe from front to back after peeing and/or pooping. This helps prevent bacteria in the poop from getting into the urethra. Wash their bottom if they soil or wet their underwear and/or pants. They should put on clean clothes right away. Wear underwear thats made from cotton instead of synthetic fabric. Air flows through cotton more freely and keeps their bottom dry. Germs grow faster in a moist area than they do in a dry one. Change into dry clothes after swimming instead of staying in a wet suit.

• #18 LSC Integrated Care Board :: UTI prevention

  https://www.lancashireandsouthcumbria.icb.nhs.uk/news-and-media/campaigns/uti-prevention

  A few proactive measures can safeguard your urinary tract and significantly reduce the risk of a UTI. […] To lower your risk of developing a UTI: Stay hydrated by drinking plenty of water and eating fruit and vegetables with high water content such as cucumber, watermelon and strawberries. […] There are some things you can try to help prevent a UTI happening or prevent it returning. […] wipe from front to back when you go to the toilet […] keep the genital area clean and dry […] drink plenty of fluids, particularly water to stop you becoming dehydrated. […] wash the skin around the genitals with water before and after sex […] pee as soon as possible after sex […] do not use scented soap, gels and sprays around the genital area […] do not hold your pee in, go to the toilet as soon as possible […] do not rush when going for a pee try to fully empty your bladder […] do not wear tight synthetic underwear, such as nylon […] do not drink lots of alcoholic drinks, as they may irritate your bladder […] do not have lots of sugary food or drinks, as they may encourage bacteria to grow.

• #19 Urinary Tract Infections & Older Adults – VNS HealthClose IconClose IconSubmit SearchSubmit SearchClose IconClose IconSubmit SearchPrint IconX IconFacebook IconLinkedin IconPinterest IconX IconFacebook IconX IconYoutube IconLinkedin IconInstagram IconGlas

  https://www.vnshealth.org/patient-family-support/health-library/how-to-prevent-uti-in-elderly/

  Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are very common. In fact, UTIs cause more than 8 million doctor’s visits every year, but untreated, they can lead to serious health issues like kidney infection or sepsis — especially in older adults. Preventing UTIs and knowing what symptoms to look out for are great ways to protect your or your loved one’s overall health. […] Getting enough to drink each day is a great way to prevent urinary tract infections. Learn more about how to help prevent dehydration in yourself or an aging loved one. […] Getting a urinary tract infection can be uncomfortable, annoying, and downright painful — especially for older adults. But there are simple steps you or your loved one can take to prevent UTIs: Drink plenty of water, at least 64 ounces a day. Go to the bathroom when you need to (“holding it” can lead to bacterial growth), and empty your bladder completely. Drink cranberry juice (not cranberry juice cocktail) or take vitamin C or cranberry supplements to make urine less attractive to bacteria. Check with your loved one’s doctor before starting a supplement, because it may interfere with medications. Limit alcohol and caffeine. Pee after sex. Wear cotton underwear. Change daily. Avoid feminine hygiene products such as douches and powders, and wipe from front to back. Shower, rather than bathe, if possible. Always keep the genital area clean. Limit use of catheters in those with limited or no mobility. […] Avoiding UTIs altogether is, of course, the best thing to do. But knowing that they can show up in seniors without the classic symptoms can ensure treatment before more-serious health problems develop.

• #20 Prevention of Urinary Tract Infection (UTI) in Women: General Guidelines and Suggestions, Sterilizing Washcloths for Home Use, Summary of Tips

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/2040239-overview

  Drink more water. Start with 1 extra glass with each meal. If the urine appears any darker than a very pale yellow, this means not enough liquid is being ingested; increase the fluid intake. […] A study of 140 women with recurrent UTIs showed that increased fluid intake reduces the risk of repeat infections. […] Cranberry juice and cranberry pills may have benefit in reducing urinary infections. They appear to be most effective in younger women. […] Take special precautions after sexual activity; such activity may also increase risk because it can introduce bacteria into the bladder area. The bladder should be emptied after intercourse; drink 2 extra glasses of water. […] An estrogen vaginal cream may help increase resistance to bladder infections. […] Take antibiotics only as prescribed by a doctor. If a medication has been prescribed as preventive therapy, follow the physicians instructions carefully.

• #21 5 tips to prevent a urinary tract infection – Mayo Clinic Health System

  https://www.mayoclinichealthsystem.org/hometown-health/speaking-of-health/5-tips-to-prevent-a-urinary-tract-infection

  Urinate soon after sex. The act of intercourse can cause bacteria to get close to or into the urethra, the small tube that empties your bladder. Voiding after intercourse removes some of the bacteria before it can cause an infection. […] Take cranberry supplements. While cranberry supplements have not been shown in studies to prevent urinary tract infections, there is a reasonable biologic mechanism that using them could be helpful. If you would like to try this option, consider a concentrated over-the-counter cranberry supplement instead of cranberry juice. It likely provides more benefit and reduces extra sugar typically found in juice. […] Wipe front to back. Doing so after urinating and after a bowel movement helps prevent bacteria in the anal region from spreading to the vagina and urethra.

• #22 Cranberry for Prevention of Urinary Tract Infections | AAFP

  https://www.aafp.org/pubs/afp/issues/2004/1201/p2175.html

  Traditionally, cranberry has been used for the treatment and prophylaxis of urinary tract infections. […] There is much greater evidence-based information available for the use of cranberry in UTI prophylaxis. […] The recommended dosing for UTI prophylaxis is based on the most recent positive randomized controlled trial that used one tablet of concentrated cranberry extract (300 to 400 mg) twice daily, or 8 oz of pure unsweetened cranberry juice three times daily. […] Cranberry appears to be a safe, herbal choice for UTI prophylaxis and has relatively good tolerability. The most recent studies have found that the use of cranberry for up to 12 months is safe and moderately effective. […] Care should be taken when recommending cranberry for long-term use in patients who are known urinary oxalate stone formers.

• #23 UTI Symptoms, Causes, and Prevention | Mass General Brigham

  https://www.massgeneralbrigham.org/en/about/newsroom/articles/myths-and-truths-about-urinary-tract-infections

  The body’s best defense against urinary bacteria is adequate urine flow to wash away bacteria. Stay hydrated and avoid holding your pee to help prevent UTIs. […] Other strategies include: cranberry supplement taken after sex, avoiding douches, sprays, or powder in the genital area. […] Increasingly, doctors are advocating probiotics via diet (yogurt, kefir, fermented foods) or supplements. While there is no evidence that probiotics alone offer sufficient protection against UTIs, they can be effective when used along with other prevention strategies by promoting healthy vaginal and bowel flora. […] You may hear or read about prevention strategies for UTI, with cranberry supplements among the most popular. While the data is mixed about the role of cranberry to prevent UTI, using a daily cranberry supplement is a safe strategy that may help reduce your risk of E. coli UTIs. […] Women who experience recurrent UTIs can discuss possible medical prevention tips with their provider, such as low-dose antibiotics and vaginal estrogen replacement after menopause.

• #24 D-Mannose for UTI: Dosage, Treatment, Side Effects, and More

  https://www.healthline.com/health/d-mannose-for-uti

  D-mannose is a supplement that may help treat and prevent urinary tract infections (UTIs). It may block the activity of a specific type of bacteria that causes UTIs. […] D-mannose may help prevent UTIs by reducing the amount of E. coli in the urinary tract. […] Another review of research examined 14 studies on D-mannose and its effectiveness in preventing UTIs and found that 13 suggested D-mannose may be effective for prevention. However, the authors mention that no guidelines currently exist. […] While D-mannose has shown some promise in preventing UTIs, more research is needed before doctors can formally recommend it. […] More research needs to be done, but D-mannose may be a promising option for treating and preventing UTIs, especially in people with frequent UTIs. […] If you have an active UTI, talk with a doctor about appropriate treatment options. Although D-mannose might help treat a UTI for some people, it’s important to follow medically proven methods of treatment to prevent the development of a more serious infection.

• #25 Treatment and Prevention of Urinary Tract Infection

  https://www.urology-textbook.com/urinary-tract-infection-treatment.html

  Two grams of D-mannose once daily reduces (RR 0.24) the frequency of urinary tract infections (Kranjcec et al., 2014). […] In postmenopausal women with recurrent urinary tract infections, vaginal estrogenization reduces the frequency of urinary tract infections. […] Low-dose antibiotic prophylaxis is considered an effective method of avoiding recurrent urinary tract infections in patients with severe symptoms or complications. […] Careful aseptic techniques for catheterizations have a short-term effect in preventing UTIs. […] Intermittent catheterization is the method of choice for bladder emptying disorders as an alternative to indwelling catheters. […] Methenamine hippurate or mandelate combined with L-methionine for urinary acidification are used to prevent CAUTI. […] Routine changes of bladder catheter for symptom-free patients should be adjusted individually (every 1-3 months).

• #26 Urinary Tract Infection (UTI): Causes, Symptoms & Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/9135-urinary-tract-infections

  If you’re postmenopausal, a healthcare provider may suggest a vaginal cream that contains estrogen. These creams may help reduce your risk of developing a UTI by changing the pH of your vagina. […] Over-the-counter (OTC) supplements including cranberry extract and probiotics may also help prevent UTIs. Talk to a healthcare provider before you start taking any supplements.

• #27 What Are the Top Tips for UTI Prevention? – Advanced Urology Institute

  https://www.advancedurologyinstitute.com/what-are-the-top-tips-for-uti-prevention/

  Stay hydrated, urinate regularly and practice good hygiene for UTI prevention. […] UTI prevention is essential. […] Drinking plenty of water ensures regular urination, which helps flush bacteria out of the urinary system. […] When nature calls, don’t delay. Holding in urine creates a conducive environment for bacterial growth. […] Proper hygiene reduces the risk of bacterial transfer. […] Choose breathable underwear and loose-fitting clothing to prevent moisture that can encourage bacterial growth. […] Sexual activity can introduce bacteria into the urinary tract, so make it a routine to empty your bladder before and after engagement to flush out any bacteria. […] Certain substances, including caffeine, alcohol, and spicy foods, can irritate the bladder and enhance the risk of UTIs.

• #28 What doctors wish patients knew about UTI prevention | American Medical Association

  https://www.ama-assn.org/delivering-care/public-health/what-doctors-wish-patients-knew-about-uti-prevention

  Postmenopausal women who have a lot of vaginal atrophythinning, drying and inflammation of the vaginal walls that may occur when your body has less estrogenmight need other forms of prevention, Dr. Steers said. […] General overall health is so important. If youve got other medical conditions, tend to those, Dr. Bryan said.

• #29 UTI in older women: Why postmenopausal women are susceptible to urinary tract infection, and what to do about it – Harvard Health

  https://www.health.harvard.edu/womens-health/uti-in-older-women-why-postmenopausal-women-are-susceptible-to-urinary-tract-infection-and-what-to-do-about-it

  Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are a common health concern, particularly among postmenopausal women. […] Preventing UTIs is particularly important for older women, who are more vulnerable to recurring infections. […] The first step in UTI prevention is to practice good hygiene. Wiping from front to back after using the toilet can prevent bacteria from spreading to the urethra. […] In addition, staying hydrated helps flush bacteria from the urinary tract. Aim to drink at least four to six cups of water a day. […] Diabetes is an independent risk factor for UTIs. If you have diabetes, managing your blood sugar level through a healthy lifestyle and taking medications as prescribed is an important protective strategy. […] Vaginal estrogen. For some postmenopausal women, low-dose vaginal estrogen, which is available by prescription, can restore the health of vaginal tissue and reduce UTI risk. […] Antibiotic prophylaxis. Research has shown that taking antibiotics regularly to prevent infections (antibiotic prophylaxis) can reduce UTI recurrence. […] Methenamine. A nonantibiotic prescription medication called methenamine (Hiprex) can help prevent recurrent UTIs.

• #30 Recommendations | Urinary tract infection (recurrent): antimicrobial prescribing | Guidance | NICE

  https://www.nice.org.uk/guidance/ng112/chapter/recommendations

  Be aware that recurrent UTI is particularly common in women, and trans men and non-binary people with a female urinary system. […] Give advice to people with recurrent UTI about behavioural and personal hygiene measures and self-care treatments that may help to reduce the risk of UTI. […] Consider vaginal oestrogen for recurrent UTI if behavioural and personal hygiene measures alone are not effective or not appropriate. […] When discussing vaginal oestrogen for preventing recurrent UTI, cover the following to ensure shared decision making: the severity and frequency of previous symptoms, the risk of developing complications from recurrent UTIs, the possible benefits of treatment, including for other related symptoms such as vaginal dryness, that serious side effects are very rare, that vaginal oestrogen is absorbed locally a minimal amount is absorbed into the bloodstream, but this is unlikely to have a significant effect throughout the body, the person’s preferred treatment option for vaginal oestrogen.

• #31 Recurrent Uncomplicated Urinary Tract Infections in Women: AUA/CUA/SUFU Guideline (2022) – American Urological Association

  https://www.auanet.org/guidelines-and-quality/guidelines/recurrent-uti

  Clinicians may offer patient-initiated treatment (self-start treatment) to select rUTI patients with acute episodes while awaiting urine cultures. (Moderate Recommendation; Evidence Level: Grade C) […] Following discussion of the risks, benefits, and alternatives, clinicians may prescribe antibiotic prophylaxis to decrease the risk of future UTIs in women of all ages previously diagnosed with UTIs. (Conditional Recommendation; Evidence Level: Grade B) […] Clinicians should not treat ASB in patients. (Strong Recommendation; Evidence Level: Grade B) […] Clinicians may offer cranberry prophylaxis for women with rUTIs. (Conditional Recommendation; Evidence Level: Grade C) […] In peri- and post-menopausal women with rUTIs, clinicians should recommend vaginal estrogen therapy to reduce the risk of future UTIs if there is no contraindication to estrogen therapy. (Moderate Recommendation; Evidence Level: Grade B)

• #32 Infection Prevention and Kidney Disease – “Every Patient Safe” – AAKP

  https://aakp.org/center-for-patient-research-and-education/infection-prevention/

  Maintain regular medical care: Schedule regular visits with your nephrologist (kidney doctor) to monitor kidney function and with your other healthcare providers, Know your blood pressure, blood sugar, and cholesterol numbers, Familiarize yourself with telehealth options for virtual appointments in case in-person visits become difficult and/or limited. […] If you are managing kidney disease, there are some infections you must be particularly mindful of: Urinary tract infections (UTIs) People with kidney disease are more prone to UTIs which can potentially progress to more serious infections like pyelonephritis (kidney infection). […] People with kidney disease have several risk factors that contribute to an increased risk for developing an HAI: Frequent medical visits and procedures which increases exposure to potential sources of infection, Since kidney disease can weaken the immune system, a compromised immune system can make it harder for the body to fight infections, Use of immunosuppressive medications.

• #33 What doctors wish patients knew about UTI prevention | American Medical Association

  https://www.ama-assn.org/delivering-care/public-health/what-doctors-wish-patients-knew-about-uti-prevention

  A strong urge to urinate that doesnt go away, a burning feeling when urinating and blood in the urine, can be signs of a urinary tract infection (UTI), which is very common in the U.S. […] While most UTIs are not serious, some can lead to further complications such as kidney infections. […] If you have urinary tract infections frequently, we call it recurrent urinary tract infections, she said, noting that people meet those criteria by either having two culture-proven urinary tract infections in six months or three within 12 months. […] And those patients often will be synced up pretty closely with either a urogynecologist or a urologist and they might be on a daily prophylactic antibiotic, Dr. Steers added. […] We do know that cranberry juice does help urinary tract infections to some degree, Dr. Steers said.

• #34 Recurrent Urinary Tract Infections in Women: Diagnosis and Management | AAFP

  https://www.aafp.org/pubs/afp/issues/2010/0915/p638.html

  Antimicrobial prophylaxis has proved effective in reducing the risk of recurrent UTIs in women with two episodes of infection in the previous year. Continuous prophylaxis for six to 12 months reduces the rate of UTIs during the prophylaxis period, with no difference between the six-month and 12-month treatment groups after cessation of prophylaxis. Prophylactic antibiotic selection should be made on the basis of community resistance patterns, side effects, and local costs. Various dosages of prophylactic antibiotics have been suggested, but no conclusive evidence supports selection of a particular drug, dosage, or duration or schedule of treatment. […] Postcoital prophylaxis may be preferable in women with UTIs temporally related to intercourse. No marked difference in recurrent UTIs has been noted when using postcoital prophylaxis compared with daily prophylaxis, and depending on the frequency of sexual intercourse, postcoital prophylaxis usually results in less antibiotic use.

• #35 Prevention of Urinary Tract Infection (UTI) in Women: General Guidelines and Suggestions, Sterilizing Washcloths for Home Use, Summary of Tips

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/2040239-overview

  For some patients, a small amount of urinary antibiotic or antiseptic taken daily prevents most urinary infections and allows the bladder to heal and restore its natural resistance. […] The guidelines and suggestions listed above help most women avoid bladder infections most of the time. If an infection develops in spite of these precautions, promptly seek medical help.

• #36 Recommendations | Urinary tract infection (recurrent): antimicrobial prescribing | Guidance | NICE

  https://www.nice.org.uk/guidance/ng112/chapter/recommendations

  Consider a trial of single-dose antibiotic prophylaxis for recurrent UTI only if behavioural and personal hygiene measures, and vaginal oestrogen, are not effective or not appropriate. […] Review treatment with vaginal oestrogen within 12 months, or earlier if agreed with the person. […] Do not offer systemic hormone replacement therapy specifically to reduce the risk of recurrent UTI. […] Review daily antibiotic prophylaxis for recurrent UTI at least every 6 months, with the review to include: assessing the success of prophylaxis, discussion of continuing, stopping or changing prophylaxis, a reminder about behavioural and personal hygiene measures and self-care treatments.

• #37 Antibiotic prophylaxis for urinary tract infection | The College of Family Physicians of Canada

  https://www.cfp.ca/content/68/12/896

  Antibiotic prophylaxis lowers the risk of recurrent UTIs (12% vs 66% placebo) over 6 to 12 months. Yet, more women have adverse events with antibiotics (15% vs 8% placebo). Long-term bacterial resistance and its individual clinical impact have not been well studied. This does not apply to asymptomatic bacteriuria. […] A reasonable trial of prophylaxis may be 6 months. Alternative interventions include increasing fluid intake by 1.5 L per day in those with lower baseline fluid intake, which is associated with approximately 1.5 fewer UTIs and antibiotic prescriptions per person at 1 year. Similarly, vaginal estrogen (ring or cream) may reduce the risk of recurrent UTIs in postmenopausal women (by 34% to 61% vs 72% to 94% placebo at 6 months).

• #38 Recurrent UTI in Adult, Non-Pregnant Females

  https://www.hse.ie/eng/services/list/2/gp/antibiotic-prescribing/conditions-and-treatments/urinary/recurrent-uti-in-adult-non-pregnant-females/

  In patients with an identifiable trigger (e.g. sexual intercourse), single-dose prophylaxis (e.g. post-coital) is as effective as continuous prophylaxis in preventing recurrent UTI, but with fewer side-effects, and should thus be the preferred option. […] When a trial of antimicrobial prophylaxis is given, advise the patient regarding: the risk of resistance with long term antibiotics. […] An audit tool has been created to aid regular review of patients receiving antimicrobial urinary prophylaxis. […] Further information on de-prescribing of antimicrobial urinary prophylaxis is available.

• #39 Recurrent Urinary Tract Infections in Women: Diagnosis and Management | AAFP

  https://www.aafp.org/pubs/afp/issues/2010/0915/p638.html

  Although not strictly a preventive strategy, self-initiated treatment is an option for some patients. Women with previous UTIs who are able to recognize the symptoms can be treated effectively with self-started antibiotic therapy. Women can be given a prescription for a three-day antibiotic regimen and instructed to start therapy when symptoms develop. […] Behavioral changes can affect the frequency of UTI recurrence. Managing recurrent infections should include modification of known risk factors. […] Cranberry products seem to notably reduce the recurrence of symptomatic cystitis. In one Cochrane review, cranberry juice showed moderate benefit in reducing the risk of UTI in women with a history of recurrent infection, based on two well-designed randomized trials. […] Several studies of postmenopausal women have demonstrated the effectiveness of using topical estrogen (0.5 mg of estriol vaginal cream nightly for two weeks, then twice weekly for eight months), but adverse effects are common.

• #40 Deprescribing UTI prophylaxis

  https://www.hse.ie/eng/services/list/2/gp/antibiotic-prescribing/conditions-and-treatments/urinary/deprescribing-uti-prophylaxis/

  Antibiotic prophylaxis may have been started to prevent recurrent UTIs in a patient under your care. This is mainly a scenario which affects women. There is no evidence of any additional benefit from such prophylaxis beyond 3-6 months. There is significant evidence of harm. […] Patients should be given appropriate advice regarding continuation of simple measures to prevent UTI which may help reduce frequency of UTIs (such as increased fluid intake). There is limited evidence for these interventions but, anecdotally, many patients find them effective. […] The risks of long term antibiotics should be discussed with the patient. These include vulvovaginal candida infections or candida balanitis (thrush), Clostridioides difficile and adverse effects (such as pulmonary fibrosis or peripheral neuropathy with nitrofurantoin).

• #41

  https://bpac.org.nz/2021/uti.aspx

  Self-care strategies should be discussed with all patients who have a UTI to help reduce the risk of future infections, e.g. sufficient fluid intake, improving hygiene and toileting practices and voiding after sexual intercourse. […] Non-antibiotic prophylactic strategies can be considered in patients who experience recurrent UTIs but are not routinely recommended in current guidelines due to low-quality evidence of benefit. […] Antibiotic prophylaxis is highly effective at preventing recurrent UTIs, however, this should usually only be considered as a last resort if other strategies are unsuccessful primarily due to the risk of antibiotic resistance. […] In all patients with recurrent UTIs, first reiterate the importance of self-care strategies, and investigate known triggers specific to the patients history, e.g. use of spermicide-containing contraceptives. Some other non-antibiotic prophylactic strategies that have a low risk of harm can be discussed, but their use is not routinely recommended due to a lack of high-quality evidence for efficacy.

• #42 Nonantibiotic prevention and management of recurrent urinary tract infection | Nature Reviews Urology

  https://www.nature.com/articles/s41585-018-0106-x

  Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are highly prevalent, lead to considerable patient morbidity, incur large financial costs to health-care systems and are one of the most common reasons for antibiotic use worldwide. […] The growing problem of antimicrobial resistance means that the search for nonantibiotic alternatives for the treatment and prevention of UTI is of critical importance. […] Alternatives to antibiotics for the prevention of recurrent urinary tract infection (UTI) are attractive options to reduce the risks of antimicrobial resistance. […] The most commonly studied nonantibiotic management options for recurrent UTI include cranberries, probiotics, d-mannose, methenamine hippurate, estrogens, intravesical glycosaminoglycans and immunostimulants. […] Evidence for the nonantibiotic measures is hampered by considerable heterogeneity, and further placebo-controlled randomized trials of these agents are needed. […] Non-antibiotic prophylaxis for urinary tract infections.

• #43 Methenamine is as good as antibiotics at preventing UTIs

  https://evidence.nihr.ac.uk/alert/methenamine-as-good-as-antibiotics-preventing-urinary-tract-infections/

  The drug methenamine (which is not an antibiotic) could be as effective as antibiotics at preventing urinary tract infections. […] Methenamine could be an alternative to antibiotics for preventing frequent urinary tract infections, thereby reducing the use of antibiotics. […] Alternatives to antibiotics are needed, especially where people need to take antibiotics long-term. There is some evidence that methenamine, an oral antiseptic, may prevent recurrent urinary tract infections. […] The study concludes that methenamine could be an alternative to antibiotics for the prevention of recurrent urinary tract infections. […] Many women (44%) in the methenamine group had no antibiotics during the 12-month treatment period. The researchers say this is encouraging because it shows that methenamine can prevent recurrent infections and reduce antibiotic use. […] Further studies could explore the long-term safety of methenamine, and whether it is associated with lower levels of antibiotic resistance.

• #44

  https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11884-024-00761-7

  The topic of antibiotic prophylaxis is often discussed as a tool for infection prevention. In addition to treatment of acute infection, antibiotics are often considered during routine catheter exchanges and as a form of daily infection suppression. […] Daily oral antibiotics are often used as a form of UTI prevention. […] Evidence is scarce for the use of antibiotic prophylaxis in context of long-term indwelling catheters. […] Antibiotics are also considered during routine catheter exchanges. […] The use of vaccines in the prevention of UTIs has been described in the setting of uncomplicated infection. […] Cranberry supplementation is commonly viewed by the general public as an agent for UTI prevention. […] Methenamine Hippurate (MH) is an FDA-approved agent commonly used for UTI prevention.

• #45 Treatment and Prevention of Urinary Tract Infection

  https://www.urology-textbook.com/urinary-tract-infection-treatment.html

  Fluid intake: The increase of fluid intake (water) and thus the diuresis to about 1.52 l prevents UTIs. Excessive drinking is not recommended as it dilutes antibacterial substances in the urine. […] Regular consumption of cranberry juice or concentrate (twice daily) reduces the frequency of urinary tract infections (RR 0.6). Cranberries interact with the adherence of the bacteria with the urothelium, but the extent of their effectiveness is controversial. […] Urinary tract infections can be prevented by micturition immediately after sexual intercourse, avoiding anal intercourse, and avoiding using diaphragm or spermicides. […] Oral vaccination with inactivated but immunogenic E. coli strains (e.g., Uro-Vaxom in a single daily dose for three months) shows a protective effect, reduction of the recurrence rate by 2265% over 612 months (Bauer et al., 2002).

• #46 Clinical Safety: Preventing Catheter-associated Urinary Tract Infections (CAUTIs) | UTI | CDC

  https://www.cdc.gov/uti/hcp/clinical-safety/index.html

  Infection prevention and safe catheter insertion, maintenance, and removal reduce the risk of catheter-associated urinary tract infection (CAUTI). […] CAUTIs are preventable. […] Healthcare facilities should follow the 2009 CDC Guideline for Prevention of Catheter-associated Urinary Tract Infections. […] It also presents effective quality improvement programs that healthcare facilities can use to prevent CAUTIs. […] Facilities can also identify infection prevention gaps and launch tailored interventions to reduce CAUTI risk with the Targeted Assessment for Prevention (TAP) Strategy.

• #47 34. Urinary Tract Infection | Prevention Measures for Healthcare-Associated Infections | Table of Contents | APIC

  https://text.apic.org/toc/prevention-measures-for-healthcare-associated-infections/urinary-tract-infection

  Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are the most common type of healthcare-associated infection (HAI), the majority of which are associated with an indwelling urinary catheter (IUC). […] There is a growing trend of antibiotic resistance in the causative organisms of UTIs, making treatment options fewer and highlighting the need for effective and evidence-based prevention efforts. […] Various professional organizations, such as The Society for Healthcare Epidemiology of America (SHEA), the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), and the Institute for Healthcare Improvement (IHI), have released guidelines and best practice documents. These aim to help the infection preventionist (IP) design and implement initiatives to reduce UTIs, such as device removal protocols and care bundles.

• #48 CAUTI Prevention Tool – Infection Prevention & Control | ANA

  https://www.nursingworld.org/practice-policy/work-environment/health-safety/infection-prevention/ana-cauti-prevention-tool/

  Catheter-Associated Urinary Tract Infections (CAUTI) are the most commonly reported hospital-acquired condition, and the rates continue to rise. […] RNs can play a major role in reducing CAUTI rates to save lives and prevent harm. […] Rates of CAUTI are on the rise. Together with PfP, ANA has made CAUTI reduction a priority. […] Therefore, it is important that the overuse of urinary catheters is reduced, and should be removed per nurse-driven evidence-based protocols. […] There are three areas to improve evidence-based clinical care to reduce the rate of CAUTI: (1) prevention of inappropriate short-term catheter use, (2) nurse-driven timely removal of urinary catheters, and (3) urinary catheter care during placement. […] ANA identified the opportunity to fill the tool gap and develop a steam lined evidence-based tool to reduce CAUTI.

• #49 Infection Prevention and Kidney Disease – “Every Patient Safe” – AAKP

  https://aakp.org/center-for-patient-research-and-education/infection-prevention/

  What are some ways to prevent CRBSIs? Use of arteriovenous (AV) fistulas or grafts, Following strict aseptic techniques when accessing dialysis catheters, Regular catheter site care, Early recognition of infection (i.e. redness, swelling or pain at the catheter site, fever). […] Infection prevention is a critical aspect of care for dialysis patients, as they are more vulnerable to infections due to their underlying kidney disease and the mere nature of dialysis treatments.

• #50

  https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11884-024-00761-7

  D- Mannose is an agent often discussed for its utility in UTI prevention. […] Overall, literature has established an association between indwelling catheters and UTIs. Research remains scarce on the prevention of UTIs specifically in the long-term catheterized patient population, however, there are some findings from our overall review that should be considered for future studies and clinical use. […] If the patient has prior experiences with difficult foley removals due to encrustation, consider shortening the time interval between catheter exchanges. In the recurrent UTI population, one can consider providing a dose of prophylactic antibiotics at the time of these routine catheter exchanges. […] It is highly recommended to discuss the commons risks of UTI with your catheterized patients and review the above catheter maintenance recommendations. Patients should be made aware that urine specimens taken from indwelling catheters may look infected to a care provider, but in the absence of symptoms, antibiotics are not necessary. Additionally, patients should be educated on their options for prevention at home including the promising use of intravesical gentamicin irrigation and methenamine hippurate or D-mannose supplementation as infection prevention strategies.

• #51

  https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11884-024-00761-7

  The topic of antibiotic prophylaxis is often discussed as a tool for infection prevention. In addition to treatment of acute infection, antibiotics are often considered during routine catheter exchanges and as a form of daily infection suppression. […] Daily oral antibiotics are often used as a form of UTI prevention. […] Evidence is scarce for the use of antibiotic prophylaxis in context of long-term indwelling catheters. […] Antibiotics are also considered during routine catheter exchanges. […] The use of vaccines in the prevention of UTIs has been described in the setting of uncomplicated infection. […] Cranberry supplementation is commonly viewed by the general public as an agent for UTI prevention. […] Methenamine Hippurate (MH) is an FDA-approved agent commonly used for UTI prevention.

• #52 Treatment and Prevention of Urinary Tract Infection

  https://www.urology-textbook.com/urinary-tract-infection-treatment.html

  Two grams of D-mannose once daily reduces (RR 0.24) the frequency of urinary tract infections (Kranjcec et al., 2014). […] In postmenopausal women with recurrent urinary tract infections, vaginal estrogenization reduces the frequency of urinary tract infections. […] Low-dose antibiotic prophylaxis is considered an effective method of avoiding recurrent urinary tract infections in patients with severe symptoms or complications. […] Careful aseptic techniques for catheterizations have a short-term effect in preventing UTIs. […] Intermittent catheterization is the method of choice for bladder emptying disorders as an alternative to indwelling catheters. […] Methenamine hippurate or mandelate combined with L-methionine for urinary acidification are used to prevent CAUTI. […] Routine changes of bladder catheter for symptom-free patients should be adjusted individually (every 1-3 months).

• #53 What doctors wish patients knew about UTI prevention | American Medical Association

  https://www.ama-assn.org/delivering-care/public-health/what-doctors-wish-patients-knew-about-uti-prevention

  Hygiene in the bathroom is also a predisposing factor for UTIs, Dr. Bryan said, which means it is important to make sure that we cleanse from the front to the back to minimize the spread of bacteria. […] Sexual activity is definitely a predisposing factor in urinary tract infections, Dr. Bryan said, noting that sexual intercourse itself does not directly cause UTIs, but it can increase the likelihood. […] Pregnant women oftentimes dont know that they are at increased risk for urinary tract infections, or they may not be aware of the risk of progression of UTIs, Dr. Steers said. […] To prevent a hospital-acquired urinary tract infection, the biggest thing would be minimizing the amount of time the catheter is in place, she said. […] The biggest thing for prevention is drinking a lot of water, said Dr. Steers.

• #54 7 tips to prevent a UTI | UCLA Health

  https://www.uclahealth.org/news/article/7-tips-prevent-uti

  Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are not unusual. About 60% of people assigned female at birth (AFAB) and 12% of people assigned male at birth (AMAB) yes, males can get them will have at least one UTI in their lifetime. […] The good news is that you can reduce your risk of UTIs with preventive action. A few simple practices can help you maintain a clear urinary tract and problem-free peeing. […] Its good for everyone to avoid UTIs, but its essential for pregnant people. The bacterial infection that can result is dangerous during pregnancy. Left untreated, it poses health issues for you and can lead to preterm birth and low birth weight. […] Take the following steps to reduce your risk of UTI: […] Drinking enough water helps prevent UTIs in two ways: […] Eliminating your urinary tracts exposure to harmful bacteria is critical for preventing UTIs.

• #55 UTI in older women: Why postmenopausal women are susceptible to urinary tract infection, and what to do about it – Harvard Health

  https://www.health.harvard.edu/womens-health/uti-in-older-women-why-postmenopausal-women-are-susceptible-to-urinary-tract-infection-and-what-to-do-about-it

  Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are a common health concern, particularly among postmenopausal women. […] Preventing UTIs is particularly important for older women, who are more vulnerable to recurring infections. […] The first step in UTI prevention is to practice good hygiene. Wiping from front to back after using the toilet can prevent bacteria from spreading to the urethra. […] In addition, staying hydrated helps flush bacteria from the urinary tract. Aim to drink at least four to six cups of water a day. […] Diabetes is an independent risk factor for UTIs. If you have diabetes, managing your blood sugar level through a healthy lifestyle and taking medications as prescribed is an important protective strategy. […] Vaginal estrogen. For some postmenopausal women, low-dose vaginal estrogen, which is available by prescription, can restore the health of vaginal tissue and reduce UTI risk. […] Antibiotic prophylaxis. Research has shown that taking antibiotics regularly to prevent infections (antibiotic prophylaxis) can reduce UTI recurrence. […] Methenamine. A nonantibiotic prescription medication called methenamine (Hiprex) can help prevent recurrent UTIs.

• #56 Urinary Tract Infections | National Kidney Foundation

  https://www.kidney.org/kidney-topics/urinary-tract-infections

  Can anything be done to help prevent UTIs? Yes. The following steps may help: Drink plenty of fluids. Do not postpone going to the bathroom. Urinate when you feel the urge. Wipe from front to back to prevent bacteria from the bowels (intestines) from getting into the urinary tract. Wash the genital area every day and before having sex. Empty your bladder before and after having sex. […] Not usually. In most cases, UTIs can be treated successfully without causing kidney damage. UTIs caused by problems like an enlarged prostate gland (in men) or a kidney stone can lead to kidney damage if the problem is not corrected, and the infection continues. UTIs in young children that are associated with high fevers may sometimes cause kidney damage if not treated promptly.

• #57 Recurrent Urinary Tract Infections (UTIs) and Related Conditions (for Parents) | Nemours KidsHealth

  https://kidshealth.org/en/parents/recurrent-uti-infections.html

  Some kids with hydronephrosis might need to take daily low doses of antibiotics to prevent UTIs until the condition producing hydronephrosis gets better or is fixed through surgery. […] Some kids have recurrent infections that are not caused by anatomical defects or other treatable problems. They might take antibiotics for months or even years to prevent recurrent infections. This treatment is known as continuous antibiotic prophylaxis. […] Encourage kids to drink 8-10 glasses of water and other fluids each day. Cranberry juice and cranberry extract are often suggested because they may prevent E. coli from attaching to the walls of the bladder. […] Peeing often and preventing constipation can help to prevent recurrent infections. […] Kids should avoid bubble baths and perfumed soaps because they can irritate the urethra.

• #58 Recurrent Urinary Tract Infections (UTIs) and Related Conditions (for Parents) | Nemours KidsHealth

  https://kidshealth.org/en/parents/recurrent-uti-infections.html

  Kids in diapers should be changed often. If poop stays in the genital area for a long time, it can lead to bacteria moving up the urethra and into the bladder. […] Girls should wipe from front to back after using the toilet to reduce exposure of the urethra to UTI-causing bacteria in poop. […] Breathable cotton underwear is less likely to encourage bacterial growth near the urethra than nylon or other fabrics. […] Some kids may not like to use the school bathroom or may become so engrossed in a project that they delay peeing. Kids with UTIs should pee at least every 3 to 4 hours to help flush bacteria from the urinary tract.

• #59 Infection Prevention and Kidney Disease – “Every Patient Safe” – AAKP

  https://aakp.org/center-for-patient-research-and-education/infection-prevention/

  Maintaining a strong infection prevention routine is key to staying as healthy as possible! […] Prevention: actions or measures taken to reduce the likelihood of negative outcomes. […] By staying prepared, informed, and connected, you can reduce the risks and challenges posed by unexpected disruptions, such as hospitalizations or future pandemics, while living with kidney disease. […] Maintain basic health practices: Wash your hands regularly with warm water and soap, Monitor your dialysis access assess for fever, redness, pain at the catheter or fistula site, Wear masks when needed, Avoid crowded places when possible, Keep your home clean, especially if you are using dialysis equipment at home such as with home hemodialysis (HHD) and peritoneal dialysis (PD), Stay physically active by engaging in daily movement, Avoid smoking or consider quitting if you actively use tobacco, Limit alcohol intake, Maintain good sleep, Develop stress reduction techniques to help strengthen your immune response.

• #60

  https://www.byramhealthcare.com/blogs/how-to-prevent-a-kidney-infection

  Kidney infections are infections that affect either one or both of your kidneys. However, kidney infections are often very painful and can be extremely dangerous. In this article, well go over everything you need to know about how to prevent a kidney infection. […] Talk to your urologist today if you have any urological problems to better understand what you can do to prevent a kidney infection. […] The best thing to do is prevent them. You can significantly lower your risk of getting a kidney infection by taking the following precautions. […] Schedule a consultation with your doctor or urologist to determine the best treatment plan to help you prevent a kidney infection. […] Addressing the infection early on is the best way to avoid it from turning into a bladder or kidney infection.

• #61 Urinary Tract Infection Prevention and Treatment – Urinary Elimination for Nursing RN

  https://www.picmonic.com/pathways/nursing/courses/standard/fundamentals-of-nursing-273/urinary-elimination-1371/urinary-tract-infection-prevention-and-treatment_8223

  Urinary tract infection is inflammation of the bladder or kidneys caused from an infection. The risk of a UTI is increased with poor hygiene after sex, and so women should be instructed to shower after sex, and urinate immediately after. […] It is important to educate a female patient to shower after sex. […] It is important to educate a female patient to urinate after having sex to prevent urinary tract infections. […] It is important to educate female patients to wipe front to back when using the restroom. […] Encourage the patient to significantly increase their fluid intake (water) to 3L/day. Drinking cranberry juice may be beneficial as well. […] Discourage the patient from drinking caffeinated beverages, such as soda or coffee. […] It is important the patient complies with the treatment regimen discussed with their doctor and follows up with an appointment to ensure the infection is gone. […] Encourage the patient to void frequently, such as every 2-4 hours.

• #62

  https://www.byramhealthcare.com/blogs/how-to-prevent-a-kidney-infection

  Aside from treating UTIs, the best way to prevent kidney infections is to take the same precautions necessary to prevent UTIs in the first place. […] Staying hydrated helps to flush out your urinary tract so harmful bacteria doesnt stick around and reproduce. […] When you hold it for long periods of time, the urine sits in your bladder and raises your risk of infection. […] The biggest thing you can do to prevent infection is to make sure that youre wiping from front to back every time you use the bathroom. […] The best way to do this is to use the bathroom both before and after having sexeven if its not intercourse. […] In addition to using the bathroom before and after sex, practice good hygiene. […] If youre currently using a diaphragm, unlubricated condoms, or spermicides, talk to your doctor about finding an alternative contraceptive method. […] If you think you might be suffering from a kidney infection, or have other symptoms that raise concern, call your doctor immediately.

• #63 Deprescribing UTI prophylaxis

  https://www.hse.ie/eng/services/list/2/gp/antibiotic-prescribing/conditions-and-treatments/urinary/deprescribing-uti-prophylaxis/

  The increased likelihood of infection with resistant organisms which may have limited treatment options is also important and should be fully discussed. […] If recurrent UTIs develop post cessation of prophylaxis (2 or more UTIs in 6 months or 3 or more UTIs in 12 months), appropriate investigations have already been done and shown no abnormality and there are no other concerning symptoms then a further course of prophylaxis may be considered. The ongoing need for antibiotic prophylaxis should be reviewed again after 3 months.

• #64 Kidney Infection Prevention and Treatment

  https://urgentcareofoconee.com/kidney-infection-understanding-prevention-treatment/

  Preventing kidney infections begins with practicing good urinary tract health. Here are some strategies to help prevent UTIs and, by extension, kidney infections: […] Stay well-hydrated, drinking plenty of water to help flush bacteria from your urinary tract. […] Urinate frequently, and don’t hold it when you need to go. […] Wipe from front to back after using the toilet to prevent bacteria from spreading. […] Avoid using irritating feminine products in the genital area. […] If you’re prone to UTIs, consider changing your birth control method, as diaphragms and certain types of condoms can increase bacteria growth. […] Prevention, early detection, and prompt treatment are crucial to maintaining good kidney health.

• #65 Urinary Tract Infections: Prevention, Symptoms, and Treatments

  https://chicagoobgyn.com/urinary-tract-infections-prevention-symptoms-and-treatments/

  Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are common bacterial infections that affect the urinary system, including the bladder, urethra, and kidneys. […] Understanding UTI prevention, symptoms, and treatment options can help protect your urinary health. […] While UTIs are common, several preventive measures can lower your risk: Stay Hydrated: Drinking plenty of water helps flush bacteria from the urinary tract. Urinate Regularly: Don’t hold in urine for long periods, as this can promote bacterial growth. Wipe Front to Back: This prevents bacteria from the anal area from spreading to the urethra. Practice Safe Sex: Urinating after intercourse can help clear bacteria from the urethra. Avoid Irritants: Perfumed feminine hygiene products, douches, and harsh soaps can disrupt the natural balance of bacteria. Wear Breathable Clothing: Cotton underwear and loose-fitting clothes help reduce moisture buildup, preventing bacterial growth. […] If UTI symptoms persist or worsen, schedule an appointment with The Association for Women’s Health Care. Untreated infections can lead to complications, such as kidney infections or recurrent UTIs.

• #66 Kidney infection (pyelonephritis) | healthdirect

  https://www.healthdirect.gov.au/kidney-infection

  A kidney infection (also known as pyelonephritis) is one type of urinary tract infection (UTI) […] Kidney infections can lead to various complications including: septic shock, kidney failure, multiorgan failure. To prevent these complications, it is important to treat kidney infections promptly. […] You can reduce your risk of getting a kidney infection by drinking plenty of water and by seeing your doctor if you think you have a urinary tract infection. […] If you tend to get urinary tract infections after having sex, it’s possible that passing urine as soon as possible after sex can reduce your chance of an infection, but the evidence is unclear.

• #67 Urinary tract infection (UTI) – including symptoms, treatment and prevention | SA Health

  https://www.sahealth.sa.gov.au/wps/wcm/connect/public+content/sa+health+internet/conditions/infectious+diseases/urinary+tract+infection/urinary+tract+infection+uti+-+including+symptoms+treatment+and+prevention

  From 1 March 2024, eligible South Australian women aged 18-65 with symptoms of uncomplicated urinary tract infections (UTIs) can speak to trained community pharmacists and access UTI treatment through SA Community Pharmacy UTI Services, without needing a prescription from a doctor, if they meet clinical criteria. […] Proven UTIs can usually be treated effectively with antibiotics. It is important to complete the full course that your doctor or pharmacist has provided, even if you are feeling better. […] Prevention of UTIs includes drinking plenty of water to flush the urinary system, urinating as soon as you feel the need rather than holding on, for women and girls, after going to the toilet wipe yourself from front to back to prevent bacteria from around the anus from entering the urethra, urinating shortly after sex to flush away bacteria that might have entered your urethra during sex, and avoiding constipation.

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