Materiały źródłowe

• #1 Oral Mucositis – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK565848/

  Oral mucositis is a severely debilitating condition characterized by erythema, edema, and ulcerations of the oral mucosa. It is a complication of radiation therapy (RT) to the head and neck, chemotherapy, chemoradiotherapy, and hematopoeitic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). […] This activity reviews the etiology, pathophysiology, history and physical, evaluation, and treatment of oral mucositis. […] Clinicians employ various options to manage oral mucositis in the setting of cancer therapy. A brief description is provided here of the different recommended treatment strategies. […] Basic oral care (BOC) is suggested by the 2020 Multinational Association of Supportive Care in Cancer and the International Society of Oral Oncology (MASCC/ISOO) clinical guidelines for managing oral mucositis secondary to cancer therapy. BOC refers to all the interventions done by patients and clinicians to prevent oral infections and alleviate patient discomfort, including mechanical cleaning of teeth, mouth rinses, and lubricating the oral mucosa. Furthermore, frequent assessment of the oral tissues before and during cancer treatment reduces infection risk and helps identify the initial stages of oral mucositis.

• #2 Mucositis Treatment Options | Colgate®

  https://www.colgate.com/en-us/oral-health/cancer/mucositis-treatment

  Mucositis Treatment Options and Oral Care […] If undergoing chemotherapy or radiation therapy, you might experience side effects you really don’t need in your life. Mucositis is one common side effect of these therapies. It can also occur in people with weakened immune systems as a result of noncancerous conditions. […] Painful and potentially debilitating, mucositis is the inflammation of the tissues lining the inside of the mouth – which is part of your mucosa membrane. According to research published in the journal Translational Oncology, mucositis occurs in 40 percent of all people receiving chemo and up to 100 percent in people getting treatment for neck and head cancers. […] Fortunately, with some oral care and other measures, you or a loved one can get some relief from the pain and discomfort of mucositis. Knowing how mucositis develops, its symptoms, and its potential health hazards can help you recognize when you need to treat and manage the condition. […] Before you start an anticancer therapy or a procedure that might weaken your immune system, consult your dentist for ways to help manage and treat mucositis symptoms – as well as reduce your risks for developing a more severe form of mucositis. Your dental professional might suggest some home therapies or medications for oral mucositis treatments. […] Ice Chips: Sucking – not chewing – on ice chips immediately before and after each treatment session since this might protect your tissues. (For some flavor, you can suck on frozen fruit.) […] Saltwater Rinses: Adding saltwater rinses to your daily oral care routine might also help prevent or reduce mucositis’ severity. […] Dietary Changes: Spicy, salty, acidic, caffeinated, dry, or hot foods can irritate your sore tissues, so it’s best to avoid them. […] If home remedies aren’t enough to ease your pain and discomfort, your dentist might prescribe medication. These include: Mouthwash containing a numbing agent to help numb the inside of your mouth, Topical anesthetics in gel or spray form to numb sore areas of your mouth, Benzydamine or corticosteroids to help with mouth pain, Mucosal protectants to coat your mouth lining and protect your nerve endings, If necessary, prescriptions for stronger pain medications. […] The good news: Mucositis typically goes away on its own once your treatment is finished. This can take two to four weeks with chemotherapy – or up to eight weeks with radiation.

• #3 Patients and Mucositis – Mucosamin

  https://mucosamin.com/patients-mucositis/

  The primary morbidity of OM is the intense pain, which is usually associated with ulcerative lesions. It can also cause dysphagia and impairment of the ability to talk, eat and swallow. OM can cause profound psychological distress and impairment of quality of life for cancer patients due to pain and inability to eat solid foods. This can lead to the use of nasogastric tube placement or total parenteral nutrition use. […] Oral mucositis can: Cause pain, Restrict oral intake, Act as a portal of entry for organisms, Contribute to interruption of therapy, Increase the use of antibiotics and narcotics, Increase the length of hospitalization, Increase the overall cost of treatment.

• #4 Patients and Mucositis – Mucosamin

  https://mucosamin.com/patients-mucositis/

  Mucositis is an acute inflammatory and ulcerative complication of the mucosal membrane that commonly occurs during cancer therapy. It is one of the more significant side-effects of cancer treatment. Oral mucositis is probably the most common, debilitating complication of cancer treatments, particularly chemotherapy and radiation. It can lead to several problems, including pain, nutritional problems as a result of inability to eat, and increased risk of infection due to open sores in the mucosa. Chemotherapy-induced OM is regarded as an acute condition, with ulceration normally occurring 1-2 weeks after treatment, and resolving within 3 weeks of treatment. Radiotherapy-induced OM normally occurs around 2 weeks into a 7-week treatment cycle, and resolves 3-4 weeks after treatment has ended. Cancer treatment induced-OM and its treatment can have a significant economic impact due to an increase in healthcare costs such as hospitalisation and anti-infective treatment.

• #5 Oral Mucositis | Head & Neck Cancer Alliance

  https://www.headandneck.org/hnc-resources/managing-side-effects/oral-mucositis/

  Most patients who have radiation or chemotherapy for oral, head and neck cancer will develop mouth and throat sores at some point during their treatment. This condition is called oral mucositis. […] Oral mucositis can range from mild to severe. In mild cases, the sores may be small and only cause a little discomfort. In the most severe cases, sores are large, widespread, and extremely painful. […] Chemotherapy and radiation to the head and neck are the biggest risk factors for developing oral mucositis. Half of all patients receiving chemotherapy, as well as most patients getting radiation, will develop mucositis. […] Oral mucositis develops during cancer treatment. The timing usually depends on your treatment. With chemotherapy, it tends to develop 5-10 days after receiving chemo drugs. It lasts an average of 1-2 weeks and will get better once your white blood cell counts return to normal. With radiation, mucositis develops 1-3 weeks after the start of radiation. If you develop mucositis from radiation, it will likely continue through the rest of your treatment. You’ll start to see improvement within 4-6 weeks following your last radiation treatment.

• #6 Oral Mucositis – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK565848/

  Oral mucositis is a severely debilitating condition characterized by erythema, edema, and ulcerations of the oral mucosa. It is a complication of radiation therapy (RT) to the head and neck, chemotherapy, chemoradiotherapy, and hematopoeitic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). […] This activity reviews the etiology, pathophysiology, history and physical, evaluation, and treatment of oral mucositis. […] Clinicians employ various options to manage oral mucositis in the setting of cancer therapy. A brief description is provided here of the different recommended treatment strategies. […] Basic oral care (BOC) is suggested by the 2020 Multinational Association of Supportive Care in Cancer and the International Society of Oral Oncology (MASCC/ISOO) clinical guidelines for managing oral mucositis secondary to cancer therapy. BOC refers to all the interventions done by patients and clinicians to prevent oral infections and alleviate patient discomfort, including mechanical cleaning of teeth, mouth rinses, and lubricating the oral mucosa. Furthermore, frequent assessment of the oral tissues before and during cancer treatment reduces infection risk and helps identify the initial stages of oral mucositis.

• #7 Oral Mucositis – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK565848/

  Oral mucositis is a severely debilitating condition characterized by erythema, edema, and ulcerations of the oral mucosa. It is a complication of radiation therapy (RT) to the head and neck, chemotherapy, chemoradiotherapy, and hematopoeitic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). […] This activity reviews the etiology, pathophysiology, history and physical, evaluation, and treatment of oral mucositis. […] Clinicians employ various options to manage oral mucositis in the setting of cancer therapy. A brief description is provided here of the different recommended treatment strategies. […] Basic oral care (BOC) is suggested by the 2020 Multinational Association of Supportive Care in Cancer and the International Society of Oral Oncology (MASCC/ISOO) clinical guidelines for managing oral mucositis secondary to cancer therapy. BOC refers to all the interventions done by patients and clinicians to prevent oral infections and alleviate patient discomfort, including mechanical cleaning of teeth, mouth rinses, and lubricating the oral mucosa. Furthermore, frequent assessment of the oral tissues before and during cancer treatment reduces infection risk and helps identify the initial stages of oral mucositis.

• #8 Oral Mucositis – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK565848/

  Oral mucositis is a severely debilitating condition characterized by erythema, edema, and ulcerations of the oral mucosa. It is a complication of radiation therapy (RT) to the head and neck, chemotherapy, chemoradiotherapy, and hematopoeitic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). […] This activity reviews the etiology, pathophysiology, history and physical, evaluation, and treatment of oral mucositis. […] Clinicians employ various options to manage oral mucositis in the setting of cancer therapy. A brief description is provided here of the different recommended treatment strategies. […] Basic oral care (BOC) is suggested by the 2020 Multinational Association of Supportive Care in Cancer and the International Society of Oral Oncology (MASCC/ISOO) clinical guidelines for managing oral mucositis secondary to cancer therapy. BOC refers to all the interventions done by patients and clinicians to prevent oral infections and alleviate patient discomfort, including mechanical cleaning of teeth, mouth rinses, and lubricating the oral mucosa. Furthermore, frequent assessment of the oral tissues before and during cancer treatment reduces infection risk and helps identify the initial stages of oral mucositis.

• #9 Oral Mucositis – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK565848/

  Oral hygiene protocols prevent oral mucositis and decrease its duration and severity once it occurs by reducing the microbial burden, hence, avoiding secondary infections. Prophylactic dental interventions, such as extracting compromised teeth and restoring carious lesions before initiating cancer therapy, can decrease mucositis risk by 25% and are particularly beneficial in high-risk patients. […] Rinsing the oral cavity with non-medicated oral rinses – saline water rinse, sodium bicarbonate rinse, or a combination of sodium bicarbonate and saline water- is recommended every four hours. The MASCC/ISOO clinical guidelines state that despite the limited data on both saline and sodium bicarbonate oral rinses, the panel has recognized that these are inert and bland rinses that increase oral clearance, helps maintain oral hygiene and improve patient comfort.

• #10 Oral Mucositis – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK565848/

  Oral hygiene protocols prevent oral mucositis and decrease its duration and severity once it occurs by reducing the microbial burden, hence, avoiding secondary infections. Prophylactic dental interventions, such as extracting compromised teeth and restoring carious lesions before initiating cancer therapy, can decrease mucositis risk by 25% and are particularly beneficial in high-risk patients. […] Rinsing the oral cavity with non-medicated oral rinses – saline water rinse, sodium bicarbonate rinse, or a combination of sodium bicarbonate and saline water- is recommended every four hours. The MASCC/ISOO clinical guidelines state that despite the limited data on both saline and sodium bicarbonate oral rinses, the panel has recognized that these are inert and bland rinses that increase oral clearance, helps maintain oral hygiene and improve patient comfort.

• #11 Oral Mucositis – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK565848/

  The MASCC/ISOO guidelines recommend benzydamine mouthwash for preventing oral mucositis in head and neck cancer patients receiving less than 50 Gy radiation dose (moderate dose) and in those receiving radiotherapy-chemotherapy (RT-CT). […] Patients should be advised to maintain adequate hydration and avoid irritants like tobacco and alcohol (as a beverage and alcohol-containing mouth rinses). Mousses and topical barrier gels can be used to lubricate the oral mucosa surfaces. […] Topical morphine 0.2% mouth rinse is recommended by the MASCC/ISOO guidelines for managing pain in head and neck cancer patients receiving radiotherapy and chemotherapy. Other oral rinses have been formulated to manage pain, including the so-called magic mouthwash. […] The local use of low-level light and laser therapy to induce a biological response is known as photobiomodulation (PBM). PBM promotes the regeneration of affected tissue and prevents inflammation in animal models. Furthermore, clinical studies showed that low-level laser therapy (LLLT) reduces mucositis severity in patients receiving chemo-radiotherapy before hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.

• #12 Mucositis treatments | Blood Cancer UK

  https://bloodcancer.org.uk/understanding-blood-cancer/treatment/side-effects/mucositis/mucositis-treatments/

  It’s important to know there are medicines and other treatments that can lower the risk of getting mucositis, and help with the symptoms if you get any after blood cancer treatment. […] Oral mucositis can be very painful, so your healthcare team will usually offer you painkillers. These might be tablets, mouthwashes, gels or sprays. […] The strength of the painkillers will depend on how much pain you’re in. If you’re in a lot of pain, you may be given drugs containing morphine, which you can take by mouth, as a patch on your skin, or by injection under the skin (subcutaneous injection). […] Treatments that can help stop you getting oral mucositis and help with symptoms include: Benzydamine. This is an anti-inflammatory drug that contains a local anaesthetic to numb the pain of oral mucositis. It comes as a mouthwash or spray. You may hear it called by its brand name Difflam.

• #13 Oral Mucositis – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK565848/

  The MASCC/ISOO guidelines recommend benzydamine mouthwash for preventing oral mucositis in head and neck cancer patients receiving less than 50 Gy radiation dose (moderate dose) and in those receiving radiotherapy-chemotherapy (RT-CT). […] Patients should be advised to maintain adequate hydration and avoid irritants like tobacco and alcohol (as a beverage and alcohol-containing mouth rinses). Mousses and topical barrier gels can be used to lubricate the oral mucosa surfaces. […] Topical morphine 0.2% mouth rinse is recommended by the MASCC/ISOO guidelines for managing pain in head and neck cancer patients receiving radiotherapy and chemotherapy. Other oral rinses have been formulated to manage pain, including the so-called magic mouthwash. […] The local use of low-level light and laser therapy to induce a biological response is known as photobiomodulation (PBM). PBM promotes the regeneration of affected tissue and prevents inflammation in animal models. Furthermore, clinical studies showed that low-level laser therapy (LLLT) reduces mucositis severity in patients receiving chemo-radiotherapy before hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.

• #14 Mucositis treatments | Blood Cancer UK

  https://bloodcancer.org.uk/understanding-blood-cancer/treatment/side-effects/mucositis/mucositis-treatments/

  It’s important to know there are medicines and other treatments that can lower the risk of getting mucositis, and help with the symptoms if you get any after blood cancer treatment. […] Oral mucositis can be very painful, so your healthcare team will usually offer you painkillers. These might be tablets, mouthwashes, gels or sprays. […] The strength of the painkillers will depend on how much pain you’re in. If you’re in a lot of pain, you may be given drugs containing morphine, which you can take by mouth, as a patch on your skin, or by injection under the skin (subcutaneous injection). […] Treatments that can help stop you getting oral mucositis and help with symptoms include: Benzydamine. This is an anti-inflammatory drug that contains a local anaesthetic to numb the pain of oral mucositis. It comes as a mouthwash or spray. You may hear it called by its brand name Difflam.

• #15 Oral Mucositis – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK565848/

  The MASCC/ISOO guidelines recommend benzydamine mouthwash for preventing oral mucositis in head and neck cancer patients receiving less than 50 Gy radiation dose (moderate dose) and in those receiving radiotherapy-chemotherapy (RT-CT). […] Patients should be advised to maintain adequate hydration and avoid irritants like tobacco and alcohol (as a beverage and alcohol-containing mouth rinses). Mousses and topical barrier gels can be used to lubricate the oral mucosa surfaces. […] Topical morphine 0.2% mouth rinse is recommended by the MASCC/ISOO guidelines for managing pain in head and neck cancer patients receiving radiotherapy and chemotherapy. Other oral rinses have been formulated to manage pain, including the so-called magic mouthwash. […] The local use of low-level light and laser therapy to induce a biological response is known as photobiomodulation (PBM). PBM promotes the regeneration of affected tissue and prevents inflammation in animal models. Furthermore, clinical studies showed that low-level laser therapy (LLLT) reduces mucositis severity in patients receiving chemo-radiotherapy before hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.

• #16 FF #130 Oral Mucositis: Prevention and Treatment | Palliative Care Network of Wisconsin

  https://www.mypcnow.org/fast-fact/oral-mucositis-prevention-and-treatment/

  Prophylactic feeding tube placement: for patients with severe pain brought on by oral intake, gastric feeding tube placement may be considered to prevent mucositis pain. […] Treatment of mucositis: This is covered in more detail in Fast Fact #450, particularly the role of opioids (topical and systemic) and other systemic non-opioid analgesics. […] Local anesthetics and topical agents: Liquid lidocaine and diphenhydramine are routinely used to relieve pain. Several topical agents are available in commercial and non-commercial preparations: e.g., Gelcair, topical lidocaine, Maalox, diphenhydramine, and nystatin, etc. Most local anesthetics do not provide mucosal protection nor hasten recovery, in fact many are associated with altered taste and oral intake. However, benzydamine is a mouth rinse with analgesic, anesthetic, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial properties and has been shown in randomized controlled trials to reduce ulcer rate and incidence as well as reduce need for opioids. Some patients find the addition of a Carafate slurry, a liquid antacid, or topical honey provides temporary analgesia.

• #17 Oral Mucositis – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK565848/

  The MASCC/ISOO guidelines recommend benzydamine mouthwash for preventing oral mucositis in head and neck cancer patients receiving less than 50 Gy radiation dose (moderate dose) and in those receiving radiotherapy-chemotherapy (RT-CT). […] Patients should be advised to maintain adequate hydration and avoid irritants like tobacco and alcohol (as a beverage and alcohol-containing mouth rinses). Mousses and topical barrier gels can be used to lubricate the oral mucosa surfaces. […] Topical morphine 0.2% mouth rinse is recommended by the MASCC/ISOO guidelines for managing pain in head and neck cancer patients receiving radiotherapy and chemotherapy. Other oral rinses have been formulated to manage pain, including the so-called magic mouthwash. […] The local use of low-level light and laser therapy to induce a biological response is known as photobiomodulation (PBM). PBM promotes the regeneration of affected tissue and prevents inflammation in animal models. Furthermore, clinical studies showed that low-level laser therapy (LLLT) reduces mucositis severity in patients receiving chemo-radiotherapy before hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.

• #18 Light Therapy for Oral Mucositis – Together by St. Jude™

  https://together.stjude.org/en-us/treatment-tests-procedures/procedures/light-therapy-for-oral-mucositis.html

  Light therapy, or photobiomodulation, is the use of low-level laser and LED light to prevent or treat oral mucositis. Light therapy can decrease swelling, reduce pain, and promote tissue healing. […] Light therapy can be used to prevent and treat mouth pain and inflammation caused by oral mucositis. […] Light therapy for oral mucositis is quick and painless. The goal is to reduce swelling and discomfort and promote tissue healing. In some cases, your care team may recommend light therapy to help prevent mouth and throat sores before they develop. […] Light therapy uses a painless low-level laser and LED light that applies red light to areas of tissue. […] Light therapy is quick, painless, and easy to apply.

• #19 FF #130 Oral Mucositis: Prevention and Treatment | Palliative Care Network of Wisconsin

  https://www.mypcnow.org/fast-fact/oral-mucositis-prevention-and-treatment/

  Low-energy laser therapy: Some studies have shown pain relief with the use of low power laser therapy delivered in a fractionated course three times a week. Its mechanism of action is thought to be due to anti-inflammatory effects of the laser irradiation on local tissue; however, its use remains experimental, and data has been mixed with regards to wound healing.

• #20 Oral Mucositis – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK565848/

  Cryotherapy refers to placing a source of cold in the oral cavity, usually ice or cold water, during the delivery of a cytotoxic agent (chemotherapy). Cooling the oral mucosa induces vasoconstriction, preventing the influx of cytotoxic drugs in the oral tissues and preventing oral mucositis. […] Palifermin is a keratinocyte growth factor and works as a chemoprotective agent, recommended for severe oral mucositis (mucositis greater than or equal to grade 3) associated with autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplant regimens. Palifermin decreases the incidence and duration of severe oral mucositis in such patients.

• #21 Oral Mucositis: Update on Prevention and Management Strategies

  https://www.uspharmacist.com/article/oral-mucositis-update-on-prevention-and-management-strategies-12403

  Oral mucositis (OM) is one of the most commonly occurring adverse effects in patients with head-and-neck cancer receiving chemotherapy (CT) and radiotherapy (RT). […] The proper use of assessment scales, nonpharmacologic methods such as good oral hygiene and cryotherapy, and pharmacologic treatment are important for the prevention or management of OM. […] Managing OM relies on the use of valid assessment scales, supportive care, symptom relief, and patient education. […] Since these effects negatively impact health-related quality of life, it is extremely important that OM be prevented whenever possible, or at least treated to reduce its severity and possible complications. […] Cryotherapy is an inexpensive, readily available therapy that has been utilized for the prevention of OM in cancer patients.

• #22 Mucositis treatments | Blood Cancer UK

  https://bloodcancer.org.uk/understanding-blood-cancer/treatment/side-effects/mucositis/mucositis-treatments/

  Antifungal medicines. You may be given antifungal tablets or drops to stop oral thrush developing from an infected mouth ulcer. […] Low level laser therapy. This uses low-energy beams of light delivered by a hand-held device. This is placed inside the mouth or close to the outside of the cheek for around 20 to 30 minutes. The aim is to reduce pain and inflammation and encourage healing. […] Artificial saliva products. If you have a dry mouth, your healthcare team may offer you an artificial saliva product. […] Caphosol. This is a rinse that contains calcium phosphate. It helps by cleaning and moistening the mouth and can be used several times a day. […] Ice. Sucking on ice lollies while you’re being given high-dose chemotherapy can help to stop the chemotherapy drugs getting to the lining of your mouth. This reduces the effects of mucositis.

• #23 Oral Mucositis: Update on Prevention and Management Strategies

  https://www.uspharmacist.com/article/oral-mucositis-update-on-prevention-and-management-strategies-12403

  Magic Mouthwash is thought to be effective for OM treatment owing to its pain-relieving properties and its coating of the mucosa. […] Sucralfate as a coating agent has been theorized to be useful in the management of OM, but without evidence to support its use, the NCCN and MSS MASCC do not recommend it for the treatment of RT-induced OM. […] For prevention, cryotherapy is recommended in patients receiving bolus-dosed 5-FU or edatrexate therapy or high-dose melphalan before hematopoietic SCT.

• #24 Oral Mucositis – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK565848/

  Cryotherapy refers to placing a source of cold in the oral cavity, usually ice or cold water, during the delivery of a cytotoxic agent (chemotherapy). Cooling the oral mucosa induces vasoconstriction, preventing the influx of cytotoxic drugs in the oral tissues and preventing oral mucositis. […] Palifermin is a keratinocyte growth factor and works as a chemoprotective agent, recommended for severe oral mucositis (mucositis greater than or equal to grade 3) associated with autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplant regimens. Palifermin decreases the incidence and duration of severe oral mucositis in such patients.

• #25 Oral Mucositis: Update on Prevention and Management Strategies

  https://www.uspharmacist.com/article/oral-mucositis-update-on-prevention-and-management-strategies-12403

  The Spielberger trial found that the reduced incidence of OM led to a decrease in opioid analgesic use and a decreased LOS. […] Palifermin (Kepivance), which was FDA-approved in 2004 for the management of OM, is a human recombinant keratinocyte growth factor that stimulates the development of cells on the surface of the gastrointestinal tract. […] Amifostine, an organic thiophosphate that is used as a normal-tissue protector during cytotoxic therapy, is recommended by current Multinational Association of Supportive Cancer Care (MASCC) guidelines for the prevention of radiation proctitis. […] Chlorhexidine, an oral broad-spectrum antibiotic rinse, is not recommended by the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) for prevention of OM in patients with solid tumors of the head and neck who are undergoing RT.

• #26 Relieving Oral Mucositis – Palifermin Discovery – NCI

  https://www.cancer.gov/research/progress/discovery/oral-mucositis

  Research and collaboration by NCI scientists resulted in the development of palifermin, a very successful treatment for preventing and treating mouth sores (known as oral mucositis). […] These studies suggested that KGF could potentially be used to treat or prevent oral mucositis. […] In a key clinical trial involving multiple NCI-designated cancer centers, over 200 cancer patients received either palifermin or a placebo with their cancer treatment. This study showed that, for patients with blood cancers who were receiving high-dose radiation and chemotherapy, those given palifermin had a much lower incidence of the most debilitating form of oral mucositis. […] Based on these findings, in 2004, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved palifermin for the treatment of oral mucositis in patients with blood cancers who are receiving intensive chemotherapy and radiotherapy followed by a stem cell (blood or bone marrow) transplant. […] Because of NCI research, clinicians now have a remarkably successful treatment for preventing and treating oral mucositis, vastly improving the quality of life of patients who are undergoing intensive cancer treatment.

• #27 Mucositis treatments | Blood Cancer UK

  https://bloodcancer.org.uk/understanding-blood-cancer/treatment/side-effects/mucositis/mucositis-treatments/

  Antifungal medicines. You may be given antifungal tablets or drops to stop oral thrush developing from an infected mouth ulcer. […] Low level laser therapy. This uses low-energy beams of light delivered by a hand-held device. This is placed inside the mouth or close to the outside of the cheek for around 20 to 30 minutes. The aim is to reduce pain and inflammation and encourage healing. […] Artificial saliva products. If you have a dry mouth, your healthcare team may offer you an artificial saliva product. […] Caphosol. This is a rinse that contains calcium phosphate. It helps by cleaning and moistening the mouth and can be used several times a day. […] Ice. Sucking on ice lollies while you’re being given high-dose chemotherapy can help to stop the chemotherapy drugs getting to the lining of your mouth. This reduces the effects of mucositis.

• #28 FF #130 Oral Mucositis: Prevention and Treatment | Palliative Care Network of Wisconsin

  https://www.mypcnow.org/fast-fact/oral-mucositis-prevention-and-treatment/

  Prophylactic feeding tube placement: for patients with severe pain brought on by oral intake, gastric feeding tube placement may be considered to prevent mucositis pain. […] Treatment of mucositis: This is covered in more detail in Fast Fact #450, particularly the role of opioids (topical and systemic) and other systemic non-opioid analgesics. […] Local anesthetics and topical agents: Liquid lidocaine and diphenhydramine are routinely used to relieve pain. Several topical agents are available in commercial and non-commercial preparations: e.g., Gelcair, topical lidocaine, Maalox, diphenhydramine, and nystatin, etc. Most local anesthetics do not provide mucosal protection nor hasten recovery, in fact many are associated with altered taste and oral intake. However, benzydamine is a mouth rinse with analgesic, anesthetic, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial properties and has been shown in randomized controlled trials to reduce ulcer rate and incidence as well as reduce need for opioids. Some patients find the addition of a Carafate slurry, a liquid antacid, or topical honey provides temporary analgesia.

• #29 Oral mucositis: the hidden side of cancer therapy | Journal of Experimental & Clinical Cancer Research | Full Text

  https://jeccr.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s13046-020-01715-7

  Conversely, there is strong evidence supporting the use of benzydamine hydrochloride rinses for OM prevention in HNC patients undergoing to RT. […] Mucositis-associated pain severely affects patient quality of life. […] Analgesics are the most administrated drugs for OM-associated pain control. […] The mucositis study group of MASCC/ISOO has evaluated the effectiveness of additional agents, but the reported data so far did not allow their use for OM-associated pain management. […] The opportunity to stratify cancer patients according to their risk to develop mucositis, as well as the possibility to identify mucositis development and its severity in an early phase represents an unmet need for researchers and clinicians. […] Identification of a standardized biomarker for mucositis assessment and/or early diagnosis might allow, indeed, a precision management of patient, thus reducing hospitalization, therapy termination and dosage re-modulation; ultimately reducing patient management cost. […] The advance in cancer therapies has significantly improved survival of patients. However, while therapies become increasingly effective, only few valid options are available for antineoplastic therapy-induced oral mucositis treatment or prevention.

• #30 Mucositis treatments | Blood Cancer UK

  https://bloodcancer.org.uk/understanding-blood-cancer/treatment/side-effects/mucositis/mucositis-treatments/

  Antifungal medicines. You may be given antifungal tablets or drops to stop oral thrush developing from an infected mouth ulcer. […] Low level laser therapy. This uses low-energy beams of light delivered by a hand-held device. This is placed inside the mouth or close to the outside of the cheek for around 20 to 30 minutes. The aim is to reduce pain and inflammation and encourage healing. […] Artificial saliva products. If you have a dry mouth, your healthcare team may offer you an artificial saliva product. […] Caphosol. This is a rinse that contains calcium phosphate. It helps by cleaning and moistening the mouth and can be used several times a day. […] Ice. Sucking on ice lollies while you’re being given high-dose chemotherapy can help to stop the chemotherapy drugs getting to the lining of your mouth. This reduces the effects of mucositis.

• #31 Mucositis – Wikipedia

  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mucositis

  Mucositis is the painful inflammation and ulceration of the mucous membranes lining the digestive tract, usually as an adverse effect of chemotherapy and radiotherapy treatment for cancer. […] Treatment of mucositis is mainly supportive. Oral hygiene is the mainstay of treatment; patients are encouraged to clean their mouth every four hours and at bedtime, more often if the mucositis becomes worse. […] Water-soluble jellies can be used to lubricate the mouth. Salt mouthwash can soothe the pain and keep food particles clear so as to avoid infection. […] Medicinal mouthwashes may be used such as Chlorhexidine gluconate and viscous Lidocaine for relief of pain. […] Palifermin is a human KGF (keratinocyte growth factor) that has shown to enhance epithelial cell proliferation, differentiation, and migration.

• #32 Mucositis treatments | Blood Cancer UK

  https://bloodcancer.org.uk/understanding-blood-cancer/treatment/side-effects/mucositis/mucositis-treatments/

  Antifungal medicines. You may be given antifungal tablets or drops to stop oral thrush developing from an infected mouth ulcer. […] Low level laser therapy. This uses low-energy beams of light delivered by a hand-held device. This is placed inside the mouth or close to the outside of the cheek for around 20 to 30 minutes. The aim is to reduce pain and inflammation and encourage healing. […] Artificial saliva products. If you have a dry mouth, your healthcare team may offer you an artificial saliva product. […] Caphosol. This is a rinse that contains calcium phosphate. It helps by cleaning and moistening the mouth and can be used several times a day. […] Ice. Sucking on ice lollies while you’re being given high-dose chemotherapy can help to stop the chemotherapy drugs getting to the lining of your mouth. This reduces the effects of mucositis.

• #33 Mucositis – Wikipedia

  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mucositis

  Symptomatic relief of the pain of oral mucositis may be provided by barrier protection agents such as concentrated oral gel products (e.g. Gelclair). […] Caphosol is a mouth rinse which has been shown to prevent and treat oral mucositis caused by radiation and high-dose chemotherapy. […] MuGard is a FDA-cleared mucoadhesive oral protectant, developed by Access Pharmaceuticals, Inc., that is designed to form a protective hydrogel coating over the oral mucosa while a patient is undergoing chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy cancer treatments to the head and neck. […] NeutraSal is an FDA-cleared calcium phosphate mouth rinse that has been shown in an open-label, observational registry trial to prevent and reduce the severity of oral mucositis caused by radiation and high-dose chemotherapy.

• #34 Mucositis – Wikipedia

  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mucositis

  Symptomatic relief of the pain of oral mucositis may be provided by barrier protection agents such as concentrated oral gel products (e.g. Gelclair). […] Caphosol is a mouth rinse which has been shown to prevent and treat oral mucositis caused by radiation and high-dose chemotherapy. […] MuGard is a FDA-cleared mucoadhesive oral protectant, developed by Access Pharmaceuticals, Inc., that is designed to form a protective hydrogel coating over the oral mucosa while a patient is undergoing chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy cancer treatments to the head and neck. […] NeutraSal is an FDA-cleared calcium phosphate mouth rinse that has been shown in an open-label, observational registry trial to prevent and reduce the severity of oral mucositis caused by radiation and high-dose chemotherapy.

• #35 Mucositis – Wikipedia

  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mucositis

  Symptomatic relief of the pain of oral mucositis may be provided by barrier protection agents such as concentrated oral gel products (e.g. Gelclair). […] Caphosol is a mouth rinse which has been shown to prevent and treat oral mucositis caused by radiation and high-dose chemotherapy. […] MuGard is a FDA-cleared mucoadhesive oral protectant, developed by Access Pharmaceuticals, Inc., that is designed to form a protective hydrogel coating over the oral mucosa while a patient is undergoing chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy cancer treatments to the head and neck. […] NeutraSal is an FDA-cleared calcium phosphate mouth rinse that has been shown in an open-label, observational registry trial to prevent and reduce the severity of oral mucositis caused by radiation and high-dose chemotherapy.

• #36 Interventions for the Prevention of Oral Mucositis in Patients Receiving Cancer Treatment: Evidence from Randomised Controlled Trials

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9858113/

  Inflammation has significant implications in radiotherapy and chemotherapy-induced OM, with pro-inflammatory cytokines thought to be a contributing factor to the pathogenesis of the condition. Therefore, the use of anti-inflammatory agents was proposed to prevent and alleviate OM. […] The current research suggests that microbial colonisation is an important factor in the propagation of the inflammatory response seen in OM. Hence, antimicrobials were proposed as an effective method to prevent the clinical manifestations of OM. […] There is a growing interest in the therapeutic benefits of herbal medicine on cancer-therapy-induced OM due to their reduced side effects, cost, and better availability compared to synthetic drugs. […] Low level laser therapy (LLLT) is a non-invasive management tool that involves the local application of low-level lasers or light-emitting diodes to the oral mucosa.

• #37 Mucositis – Wikipedia

  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mucositis

  In 2011, the FDA cleared episil oral liquid for the management and relief of pain of oral lesions with various etiologies, including oral mucositis/stomatitis which may be caused by chemotherapy or radiation therapy. […] In a 2012 randomized controlled pilot study involving pediatric patients, topical application of honey was found to reduce recovery time compared to benzocaine gel in grade 2 and 3 chemotherapy-induced oral mucositis to a degree that was statistically significant. […] Clinical research is ongoing in oral mucositis. A recent phase 2 exploratory trial in oral mucositis reported that dusquetide, a unique innate immune modulator with a mechanism that potentially addresses each of the phases of OM pathophysiology, is able to reduce the duration of severe oral mucositis, as well as reducing the incidence of infection.

• #38 Oral mucositis

  https://www.miog.com.au/blog/natural-and-effective-treatment-for-mucositis

  Oral mucositis is one of the most common side effects of chemotherapy and radiotherapy. […] Mucositis increases your risk for infection due to the high amount of natural bacteria in the mouth and gastrointestinal tract. […] Important when treating oral mucositis: Stay hydrated, frequent sips of water can be soothing. […] A 2014 randomised controlled trial, published in the BMC Complementary Alternative Medicine, compared the use of topical steroids, commonly prescribed by hospitals, with a simple coffee and honey mouthwash mixture. And the results were significant: the coffee and honey mixture was by far more effective in treating chemotherapy-induced oral mucositis compared to the steroids. […] To treat mucositis: add 1 tsp coffee/honey mixture and 1 tsp L-glutamine powder (as a prescription from MIOG) into a glass of warm (not hot!) water. Swish in the mouth and swallow. This can be repeated every 3 hours.

• #39 Oral mucositis

  https://www.miog.com.au/blog/natural-and-effective-treatment-for-mucositis

  Oral mucositis is one of the most common side effects of chemotherapy and radiotherapy. […] Mucositis increases your risk for infection due to the high amount of natural bacteria in the mouth and gastrointestinal tract. […] Important when treating oral mucositis: Stay hydrated, frequent sips of water can be soothing. […] A 2014 randomised controlled trial, published in the BMC Complementary Alternative Medicine, compared the use of topical steroids, commonly prescribed by hospitals, with a simple coffee and honey mouthwash mixture. And the results were significant: the coffee and honey mixture was by far more effective in treating chemotherapy-induced oral mucositis compared to the steroids. […] To treat mucositis: add 1 tsp coffee/honey mixture and 1 tsp L-glutamine powder (as a prescription from MIOG) into a glass of warm (not hot!) water. Swish in the mouth and swallow. This can be repeated every 3 hours.

• #40 Mucositis – Wikipedia

  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mucositis

  In 2011, the FDA cleared episil oral liquid for the management and relief of pain of oral lesions with various etiologies, including oral mucositis/stomatitis which may be caused by chemotherapy or radiation therapy. […] In a 2012 randomized controlled pilot study involving pediatric patients, topical application of honey was found to reduce recovery time compared to benzocaine gel in grade 2 and 3 chemotherapy-induced oral mucositis to a degree that was statistically significant. […] Clinical research is ongoing in oral mucositis. A recent phase 2 exploratory trial in oral mucositis reported that dusquetide, a unique innate immune modulator with a mechanism that potentially addresses each of the phases of OM pathophysiology, is able to reduce the duration of severe oral mucositis, as well as reducing the incidence of infection.

• #41 Revolutionizing oral mucositis treatment: Antibacterial light-activated therapy in future protocols | Dentistry IQ

  https://www.dentistryiq.com/dentistry/oral-cancer/article/14304432/revolutionizing-oral-mucositis-treatment-antibacterial-light-activated-therapy-in-future-protocols

  Recent research suggests that antibacterial dual-light therapy may be an effective method to manage the symptoms of oral mucositis. […] To date, no existing medication has effectively prevented the development of mucositis. But recent research suggests that antibacterial dual-light therapy may be an effective method to manage the symptoms of this condition. […] Ongoing research explores novel methods for preventing and treating oral mucositis. Mitochondria-stimulating red-light therapy has proven to be very effective in treating oral mucositis, particularly as a preventive measure. […] The latest studies investigate antibacterial treatments to preventively address oral mucosal ulcers originating from mucositis, aiming to mitigate the adverse effects of aggressive cancer treatments. […] Hentil’s research evaluates the efficacy of dual-light therapy against Streptococcus oralis, a common bacterium in the oral microbiome. The study indicates that antibacterial dual light, a combination of aPDT and aBL, not only effectively targets streptococcal infections found in mucositis-induced ulcers, but it simultaneously provides red light therapy.

• #42 Mucositis treatments | Blood Cancer UK

  https://bloodcancer.org.uk/understanding-blood-cancer/treatment/side-effects/mucositis/mucositis-treatments/

  Your treatment for GI mucositis will depend on your symptoms and how severe they are. If you’re feeling sick, you’ll be offered an anti-sickness (anti-emetic) medicine. There are different types of anti-sickness medicines that you can try if the first one doesn’t work. […] If you have symptoms of indigestion, your healthcare team may recommend drugs to reduce stomach acid or numb the pain. […] If you have sharp stomach cramps, there are drugs that can relax your gut. […] For diarrhoea caused by mucositis, you’ll usually be treated with a drug called loperamide. This is the ingredient used in some over-the-counter products. If loperamide isn’t effective, you may be given another anti-diarrhoea drug called octreotide. You’ll usually be given octreotide in hospital. […] Symptoms of GI mucositis can be upsetting and hard to talk about, but do tell your healthcare team about your symptoms so that they can treat them. They can also give you things to make you feel more comfortable, such as incontinence pads or pants, or creams to soothe a sore anus.

• #43 Mucositis treatments | Blood Cancer UK

  https://bloodcancer.org.uk/understanding-blood-cancer/treatment/side-effects/mucositis/mucositis-treatments/

  Your treatment for GI mucositis will depend on your symptoms and how severe they are. If you’re feeling sick, you’ll be offered an anti-sickness (anti-emetic) medicine. There are different types of anti-sickness medicines that you can try if the first one doesn’t work. […] If you have symptoms of indigestion, your healthcare team may recommend drugs to reduce stomach acid or numb the pain. […] If you have sharp stomach cramps, there are drugs that can relax your gut. […] For diarrhoea caused by mucositis, you’ll usually be treated with a drug called loperamide. This is the ingredient used in some over-the-counter products. If loperamide isn’t effective, you may be given another anti-diarrhoea drug called octreotide. You’ll usually be given octreotide in hospital. […] Symptoms of GI mucositis can be upsetting and hard to talk about, but do tell your healthcare team about your symptoms so that they can treat them. They can also give you things to make you feel more comfortable, such as incontinence pads or pants, or creams to soothe a sore anus.

• #44 Mucositis treatments | Blood Cancer UK

  https://bloodcancer.org.uk/understanding-blood-cancer/treatment/side-effects/mucositis/mucositis-treatments/

  Your treatment for GI mucositis will depend on your symptoms and how severe they are. If you’re feeling sick, you’ll be offered an anti-sickness (anti-emetic) medicine. There are different types of anti-sickness medicines that you can try if the first one doesn’t work. […] If you have symptoms of indigestion, your healthcare team may recommend drugs to reduce stomach acid or numb the pain. […] If you have sharp stomach cramps, there are drugs that can relax your gut. […] For diarrhoea caused by mucositis, you’ll usually be treated with a drug called loperamide. This is the ingredient used in some over-the-counter products. If loperamide isn’t effective, you may be given another anti-diarrhoea drug called octreotide. You’ll usually be given octreotide in hospital. […] Symptoms of GI mucositis can be upsetting and hard to talk about, but do tell your healthcare team about your symptoms so that they can treat them. They can also give you things to make you feel more comfortable, such as incontinence pads or pants, or creams to soothe a sore anus.

• #45 Oral Complications (PDQ®) – NCI

  https://www.cancer.gov/about-cancer/treatment/side-effects/mouth-throat/oral-complications-hp-pdq

  Several health professional organizations have produced evidence-based guidelines for oral mucositis, including the following: Multinational Association of Supportive Care in Cancer/International Society of Oral Oncology (MASCC/ISOO). […] The MASCC/ISOO recommendations against specific practices include the following: No PTA (polymyxin, tobramycin, amphotericin B) and BCoG (bacitracin, clotrimazole, gentamicin) for oral mucositis in patients receiving radiation therapy for head and neck cancer. […] Oral mucositis is one of the most debilitating toxicities of stem cell transplant and requires a multidisciplinary approach. […] Management of patients undergoing either high-dose chemotherapy or upper-mantle radiation share selected common principles. These principles are based on baseline oral care and reduction of physical trauma to oral mucosa.

• #46 2019 Update: MASCC/ISOO Clinical Practice Guidelines for the Management of Mucositis Secondary to Cancer Therapy – MASCC

  https://mascc.org/2019-update-mascc-isoo-clinical-practice-guidelines-for-the-management-of-mucositis-secondary-to-cancer-therapy/

  MASCC’s Mucositis Study Group (MSG) has announced the latest update of the MASCC/ISOO Clinical Practice Guidelines for the Management of Mucositis Secondary to Cancer Therapy. An editorial by MSG Section of Supportive Care in Cancer (SCC). This is the first set of papers generated as part of this guideline update and it represents several types of interventions for oral mucositis: anti-inflammatory agents; photobiomodulation; vitamins, minerals, and nutritional supplements; and protocols categorized as basic oral care. […] An entire paper is dedicated to interventions for the management of gastrointestinal mucositis. The complete set of guidelines on the management of mucositis will be available after a second set of papers is published in a future volume of SCC. These guidelines provide the current evidence-based standard of care for mucositis and represent the benchmark for future trials.

• #47 2019 Update: MASCC/ISOO Clinical Practice Guidelines for the Management of Mucositis Secondary to Cancer Therapy – MASCC

  https://mascc.org/2019-update-mascc-isoo-clinical-practice-guidelines-for-the-management-of-mucositis-secondary-to-cancer-therapy/

  MASCC’s Mucositis Study Group (MSG) has announced the latest update of the MASCC/ISOO Clinical Practice Guidelines for the Management of Mucositis Secondary to Cancer Therapy. An editorial by MSG Section of Supportive Care in Cancer (SCC). This is the first set of papers generated as part of this guideline update and it represents several types of interventions for oral mucositis: anti-inflammatory agents; photobiomodulation; vitamins, minerals, and nutritional supplements; and protocols categorized as basic oral care. […] An entire paper is dedicated to interventions for the management of gastrointestinal mucositis. The complete set of guidelines on the management of mucositis will be available after a second set of papers is published in a future volume of SCC. These guidelines provide the current evidence-based standard of care for mucositis and represent the benchmark for future trials.

• #48 Mucositis | ChemoExperts

  https://www.chemoexperts.com/mucositis-side-effect.html

  Mucositis may cause difficulty eating due to pain when chewing or swallowing. […] If mucositis prevents someone from eating or drinking, on occasion the person may need to be hospitalized for hydration or intravenous feeding. […] Basic oral care throughout treatment is essential to preventing problems before they arise. […] Sucking on ice chips while receiving an infusion of certain chemotherapy medications (eg. melphalan) may prevent mucositis or lessen its severity. […] Dexamethasone helps decrease the inflammation of the tissues of the mouth that is caused by everolimus. […] Palifermin is a medication that can be used to prevent mucositis during autologous stem cell transplant. […] Leucovorin helps decrease the risk of side effects of methotrexate such as mucositis. […] Oral solutions that contain a mixture of calcium and phosphate may be utilized in certain situations, like autologous and allogeneic bone marrow transplant, to protect the tissues of the mouth and help prevent or lessen the severity of mucositis.

• #49 Mucositis | ChemoExperts

  https://www.chemoexperts.com/mucositis-side-effect.html

  Uridine triacetate helps block the effects of 5-FU and capecitabine to lessen the risks of severe side effects like mucositis. […] In these cases, some patients are admitted to the hospital for IV pain medications and other supportive care measures, such as tube feeding or intravenous nutrition, known as TPN (total parenteral nutrition).

• #50 Oral Mucositis | Head & Neck Cancer Alliance

  https://www.headandneck.org/hnc-resources/managing-side-effects/oral-mucositis/

  Oral mucositis is one of the most common side effects of cancer treatment, and it can be one of the most debilitating. […] If eating is too painful, you should consider a temporary feeding tube until your symptoms clear up. […] Ask your medical team about medications or treatments that may reduce the risk of developing oral mucositis. These may include: Photobiomodulation therapy: A type of light therapy that may prevent oral mucositis if used before you begin cancer treatment. […] Once oral mucositis begins, there are steps you can take to help relieve pain and symptoms. Some basic tips include: Stop smoking and/or using tobacco products, Avoid alcohol, Drink lots of fluids, Make sure your diet includes lots of protein, which helps your body rebuild and repair itself. […] Pain from mucositis can range from mild to severe. To help manage pain, try the following. Suck on ice chips or popsicles, and sip cool drinks often throughout the day.

• #51 Oral mucositis – self-care: MedlinePlus Medical EncyclopediaLock

  https://medlineplus.gov/ency/patientinstructions/000047.htm

  Oral mucositis is tissue swelling and irritation in the mouth. Radiation therapy or chemotherapy may cause mucositis. Follow your health care provider’s instructions on how to care for your mouth. […] When you have mucositis, you may have symptoms such as: Mouth pain, Mouth sores, Infection, Bleeding. […] With chemotherapy, mucositis heals by itself when there is no infection. Healing usually takes 2 to 4 weeks. Mucositis caused by radiation therapy usually lasts 6 to 8 weeks, depending on how long you have radiation treatment. […] Take good care of your mouth during cancer treatment. Not doing so can lead to an increase in bacteria in your mouth. The bacteria can cause infection in your mouth, which can spread to other parts of your body. […] Ask your provider about treatments you can use in your mouth, including: Bland rinses, Mucosal coating agents, Water-soluble lubricating agents, including artificial saliva, Pain medicine, „Magic mouthwash” (a mouthwash to help treat mouth sores, available with a prescription). […] Your provider may also give you pills for pain or medicine to fight infection in your mouth.

• #52 What is mucositis? 4 things to know about this cancer treatment side effect | MD Anderson Cancer Center

  https://www.mdanderson.org/cancerwise/what-is-mucositis–4-things-to-know-about-this-cancer-treatment-side-effect.h00-159774078.html

  Mucositis is a common side effect of cancer treatment, but it is treatable. […] Mucositis can be caused by the following cancer treatments: […] When we treat mucositis, our goal is to relieve the symptoms. This often includes practicing good oral hygiene. Your doctor may recommend: […] Let your doctor know if treatment is not helping your symptoms. They can make adjustments to the treatment, so that you’re able to get some relief. […] The good news is that mucositis does not last forever. Symptoms typically go away and your body heals after cancer treatment is completed. This usually happens anywhere from one to about six weeks after your last treatment.

• #53 Managing Mucositis During Cancer Treatment | Banner Health

  https://www.bannerhealth.com/healthcareblog/better-me/how-to-manage-your-mucositis-during-cancer-treatment

  If youve gotten chemotherapy, a bone marrow transplant, or radiation therapy for cancer in your head, neck or mouth, theres a good chance youve also experienced mucositis. […] Mucositis can be quite painful, and make it difficult to chew or swallow. […] Dr. Tomeh said patients often put off getting help for their mucositis until the pain has become debilitating. He advised that anyone experiencing mucositis after cancer treatment should seek professional advice right away. […] Your health care provider can give helpful advice on mucositis pain management and nutrition. […] The National Cancer Institute recommends you take extra care checking and cleaning your mouth daily. […] Mucositis will usually go away on its own. […] The National Cancer Institute says chemotherapy induced mucositis typically heals itself in two to four weeks if theres no infection. […] If it lasts longer, Dr. Tomeh said there are likely nutrition problems, dental care issues or remaining tumor(s). […] For the elderly or those with bad nutrition, he said healing mucositis can sometimes last an entire year.

• #54 Treatment Options for Cancer Patients Suffering from Oral Mucositis | Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Care

  http://waocp.com/journal/index.php/apjcc/article/view/1018

  More than 75% of those receiving chemotherapy will experience oral mucositis, which is a major problem for both patients and carers. […] Very few pharmaceutical therapies for oral mucositis, either to prevent its onset or to alleviate its symptoms, have been approved. […] This review will provide the management of oral mucositis in patients with cancer. […] Until recently, oral mucositis was mostly treated with palliative care; however, tailored treatment strategies are currently being explored. For the prevention and treatment of oral mucositis, a wide range of non-pharmacological and pharmacological treatments have been employed. […] Pain is the major symptom of oral mucositis. This discomfort greatly impacts dietary intake, oral hygiene, and quality of life. Consequently, the control of mucositis discomfort is a crucial aspect of any mucositis therapeutic approach.

• #55 Treatment Options for Cancer Patients Suffering from Oral Mucositis | Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Care

  http://waocp.com/journal/index.php/apjcc/article/view/1018

  More than 75% of those receiving chemotherapy will experience oral mucositis, which is a major problem for both patients and carers. […] Very few pharmaceutical therapies for oral mucositis, either to prevent its onset or to alleviate its symptoms, have been approved. […] This review will provide the management of oral mucositis in patients with cancer. […] Until recently, oral mucositis was mostly treated with palliative care; however, tailored treatment strategies are currently being explored. For the prevention and treatment of oral mucositis, a wide range of non-pharmacological and pharmacological treatments have been employed. […] Pain is the major symptom of oral mucositis. This discomfort greatly impacts dietary intake, oral hygiene, and quality of life. Consequently, the control of mucositis discomfort is a crucial aspect of any mucositis therapeutic approach.

• #56 Treatment Options for Cancer Patients Suffering from Oral Mucositis | Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Care

  http://waocp.com/journal/index.php/apjcc/article/view/1018

  In individuals who are thrombocytopenic owing to high-dose chemotherapy (e.g., recipients of hematopoietic cell transplants), oral mucositis ulcerations may cause bleeding. […] In this demographic, oral decontamination may result in considerable benefits. […] Pain associated with severe oral mucositis can significantly impair nutritional intake. […] Mucositis prevention should be a priority for all healthcare practitioners. […] Chlorhexidine gluconate mouthwash (0.12% or 0.2%) has been found to reduce the severity and duration of oral mucositis in patients undergoing severe chemotherapy. […] Recent practice recommendations advocate patient-controlled opioid analgesia for the management of oral mucositis-related discomfort in patients undergoing hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. […] In conclusion, oral mucositis is a clinically significant and occasionally dose-limiting side effect of cancer treatment. Lesions caused by mucositis can be unpleasant, damage nutrition and quality of life, and have a substantial cost burden.

• #57 Treatment Options for Cancer Patients Suffering from Oral Mucositis | Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Care

  http://waocp.com/journal/index.php/apjcc/article/view/1018

  In individuals who are thrombocytopenic owing to high-dose chemotherapy (e.g., recipients of hematopoietic cell transplants), oral mucositis ulcerations may cause bleeding. […] In this demographic, oral decontamination may result in considerable benefits. […] Pain associated with severe oral mucositis can significantly impair nutritional intake. […] Mucositis prevention should be a priority for all healthcare practitioners. […] Chlorhexidine gluconate mouthwash (0.12% or 0.2%) has been found to reduce the severity and duration of oral mucositis in patients undergoing severe chemotherapy. […] Recent practice recommendations advocate patient-controlled opioid analgesia for the management of oral mucositis-related discomfort in patients undergoing hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. […] In conclusion, oral mucositis is a clinically significant and occasionally dose-limiting side effect of cancer treatment. Lesions caused by mucositis can be unpleasant, damage nutrition and quality of life, and have a substantial cost burden.

• #58 Treatment Options for Cancer Patients Suffering from Oral Mucositis | Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Care

  http://waocp.com/journal/index.php/apjcc/article/view/1018

  In individuals who are thrombocytopenic owing to high-dose chemotherapy (e.g., recipients of hematopoietic cell transplants), oral mucositis ulcerations may cause bleeding. […] In this demographic, oral decontamination may result in considerable benefits. […] Pain associated with severe oral mucositis can significantly impair nutritional intake. […] Mucositis prevention should be a priority for all healthcare practitioners. […] Chlorhexidine gluconate mouthwash (0.12% or 0.2%) has been found to reduce the severity and duration of oral mucositis in patients undergoing severe chemotherapy. […] Recent practice recommendations advocate patient-controlled opioid analgesia for the management of oral mucositis-related discomfort in patients undergoing hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. […] In conclusion, oral mucositis is a clinically significant and occasionally dose-limiting side effect of cancer treatment. Lesions caused by mucositis can be unpleasant, damage nutrition and quality of life, and have a substantial cost burden.

• #59 Treatment Options for Cancer Patients Suffering from Oral Mucositis | Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Care

  http://waocp.com/journal/index.php/apjcc/article/view/1018

  In individuals who are thrombocytopenic owing to high-dose chemotherapy (e.g., recipients of hematopoietic cell transplants), oral mucositis ulcerations may cause bleeding. […] In this demographic, oral decontamination may result in considerable benefits. […] Pain associated with severe oral mucositis can significantly impair nutritional intake. […] Mucositis prevention should be a priority for all healthcare practitioners. […] Chlorhexidine gluconate mouthwash (0.12% or 0.2%) has been found to reduce the severity and duration of oral mucositis in patients undergoing severe chemotherapy. […] Recent practice recommendations advocate patient-controlled opioid analgesia for the management of oral mucositis-related discomfort in patients undergoing hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. […] In conclusion, oral mucositis is a clinically significant and occasionally dose-limiting side effect of cancer treatment. Lesions caused by mucositis can be unpleasant, damage nutrition and quality of life, and have a substantial cost burden.

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