Materiały źródłowe

• #1 Oral mucositis: the hidden side of cancer therapy | Journal of Experimental & Clinical Cancer Research | Full Text

  https://jeccr.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s13046-020-01715-7

  About 40% of the patients treated with chemotherapy develop mucositis; this percentage rises to about 90% for head and neck cancer patients (HNC) treated with both chemo- and radiotherapy. […] Mucositis epidemiological data are still underestimated and contradictory. This adverse event, indeed, is often recorded only when patients develop a high-grade mucositis for which a clinical treatment is required. […] Currently, there are different scales to grade mucositis, whose parameters vary among them. The World Health Organization (WHO) scale for oral mucositis (OM) evaluation accounts for objective criteria, such as the presence of either erythema or ulceration. […] The risk to develop mucositis rises when chemotherapy is associated to radiotherapy. Almost the 90% of HNC patients, indeed, develop mucositis when treated with chemo plus radiotherapy.

• #1 Oral Mucositis – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK565848/

  Between 20% to 40% of patients with solid tumors receiving chemotherapy develop mucositis, usually within five to fourteen days of starting treatment. […] The incidence and severity of mucositis vary between chemotherapeutic agents, the number of chemotherapy cycles, the dose of chemotherapy, and from patient to patient. […] Patients who receive myeloablative preparations for hematopoietic stem cell transplant have a higher incidence of oral mucositis. […] One study reported that patients who receive high doses of chemotherapy or undergo bone marrow transplantation have a 76% risk of mucositis. […] Radiation-induced oral mucositis (RIOM) occurs in 100% of altered fractionation radiotherapy head and neck cancer patients. […] The frequency of mucositis is higher in patients with poor nutritional status and inadequate oral care. […] Younger age patients may have a higher incidence of oral mucositis.

• #1 Incidence of Oral Mucositis in Patients Undergoing Head and Neck Cancer Treatment: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

  https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9992/5/1/23

  Incidence of Oral Mucositis in Patients Undergoing Head and Neck Cancer Treatment: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to assess the literature about the incidence of oral mucositis and its degrees (mild, moderate, and severe), in patients undergoing head and neck cancer treatment (radiotherapy, chemotherapy, and surgery). The overall oral mucositis incidence was 89.4%. The global incidence for mild, moderate, and severe degrees were 16.8%, 34.5%, and 26.4%, respectively. The high incidence rates reported in this review point out the need for greater care in terms of the oral health of these patients. […] The studies in this review reported a high incidence of OM (89.4%). The incidence rates of OM reported in this meta-analysis are high, with a need for greater care in terms of the oral health of these patients.

• #1

  https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s005200050094

  Mucositis can be the major dose-limiting toxicity during the administration of certain types of chemotherapy, especially 5-fluorouracil, methotrexate and doxorubicin. […] The issues addressed in this paper following a review of the literature are whether surveillance cultures can be helpful to avoid mucositis or at least predict who will be at risk for its development and whether this will be a help in decisions on the antimicrobial treatment that should be given if mucositis develops. […] The poor overall predictive value (both positive and negative) for surveillance cultures and their significant expense do not support their routine use in 1997.

• #1 Chemotherapy-Related Mucositis | 5-Minute Clinical Consult

  https://im.unboundmedicine.com/medicine/view/5-Minute-Clinical-Consult/816938/0/Chemotherapy_Related_Mucositis

  Mucositis can affect up to 100% of patients undergoing high-dose chemotherapy prior to hematopoietic/stem cell transplantation, up to 85% of patients receiving radiation therapy for head/neck cancers, and up to 40% of patients undergoing chemotherapy alone. […] The type(s) and dose of chemotherapeutic agents and underlying genetic factors determine the frequency and severity of mucositis. […] Many chemotherapeutic agents cause mucositis. Cytotoxic agents such as 5-fluorouracil, capecitabine, and cisplatin are most common. […] Head/neck and total body irradiation also increase risk for developing mucositis.

• #1 Mucositis – European Association of Oral Medicine

  https://eaom.eu/education/eaom-handbook/mucositis/

  Mucositis is considered to be an inevitable but transient side effect of anti-neoplastic therapies. […] During a course of curative radiation, about 80% of the patients will develop different grades of mucositis. […] In head and neck radiotherapy these more aggressive regimens have been shown to improve local tumor control, but these are related to an increase in severe mucositis. […] Recent data have shown that more than half of the head and neck cancer patients (56%) who receive altered fractionation radiotherapy, will experience more severe mucositis as compared to 34% of patients who receive conventional radiotherapy. […] Rates of hospitalisation due to severe mucositis, reported in several studies, were 32% for altered fractionation radiotherapy and overall 16% of all types of radiotherapy.

• #1 Radiotherapy Induced Oral Mucositis Market Size is expected to grow by 2032, estimates DelveInsight

  https://www.einpresswire.com/article/700075404/radiotherapy-induced-oral-mucositis-market-size-is-expected-to-grow-by-2032-estimates-delveinsight

  Radiotherapy Induced Oral Mucositis Market Insights, Epidemiology, and Market Forecast-2032 report delivers an in-depth understanding of the Radiotherapy Induced Oral Mucositis, historical and forecasted epidemiology as well as the Radiotherapy Induced Oral Mucositis market trends in the United States, EU5 (Germany, Spain, Italy, France, and the United Kingdom) and Japan. […] According to Sonis et al. (2009), a significantly greater risk of Radiotherapy Induced Oral Mucositis has been found in women than in men (86% vs. 60%), and their OM generally is more severe and lasts longer. […] Radiotherapy Induced Oral Mucositis Epidemiology Segmentation in the 7MM Total Radiotherapy Induced Oral Mucositis Incident Cases Radiotherapy Induced Oral Mucositis Grade-Specific Incident Cases Radiotherapy Induced Oral Mucositis Treated Cases. […] Research is underway to identify therapeutic targets and develop a curative therapy for the treatment of Oral Mucositis (OM).

• #1 Mucositis in patients with hematologic malignancies: an overview | Haematologica

  https://haematologica.org/article/view/4328

  Mucositis is the result of a pathological process to which treatment-induced and patient-related factors contribute. The toxicity of each drug depends on its dosage and the time to which a patient is exposed to it, besides its intrinsic properties. Most anticancer drugs reach the mucous membrane through the blood, but some, such as methotrexate and etoposide, can be found in the salivary fluid, thus having a direct effect on epithelium. […] Therefore, significant differences in the severity of mucositis among patients treated with the same chemotherapy regimens may be due to several factors, such as the genetic variations in a patient’s pharmacodynamic responses to chemotherapeutic agents. […] Thus far, there is no predictive model of the risk of mucositis, at the beginning of therapy. However, by exploiting molecular diagnostic methods, pharmacogenomics will eventually allow routine determination of a patient’s genotype, enabling the physician to tailor the drug and dosage to the individual patient.

• #1 Mucositis – Oral Cancer Foundation | Information and Resources about Oral Head and Neck Cancer

  https://oralcancerfoundation.org/complications/mucositis/

  The majority of oral cancer patients receiving chemotherapy in combination with radiation will experience at least some degree of mucositis. […] Generally, patients with hematologic malignancies have an increased rate of oral mucositis compared with those with solid tumors. This is to some extent related to the treatment regimens. […] In March 2007, the Mucositis Study Group of the Multinational Association of Supportive Care in Cancer and the International Society for Oral Oncology announced their latest guidelines for preventing mucositis: […] In late 2008, palifermin, a recombinant keratinocyte growth factor, was approved by the American Society for Clinical Oncology for protection against severe mucositis associated with hematopoietic stem-cell transplantation in hematologic malignancies.

• #1 World Oral Mucositis Epidemiology Forecast to 2030 – ResearchAndMarkets.com

  https://www.businesswire.com/news/home/20210302005523/en/World-Oral-Mucositis-Epidemiology-Forecast-to-2030—ResearchAndMarkets.com

  The „Oral Mucositis – Epidemiology Forecast to 2030” report delivers an in-depth understanding of the disease, historical and forecasted OM epidemiology in the 7MM, i.e., the United States, EU5 (Germany, France, Italy, Spain, and the United Kingdom), and Japan. […] The OM epidemiology division provides the insights about historical and current OM patient pool and forecasted trends for each seven major countries. […] In the year 2020, the total incident cases of Oral Mucositis were 1,480,453 cases in the 7MM. These cases are expected to grow in the study period 2018-2030. […] The disease epidemiology covered in the report provides historical as well as forecasted OM epidemiology segmented as [Total Incident Cases of OM, Grade-specific cases of OM, and Treated cases of OM] scenario of OM in the 7MM covering the United States, EU5 countries (Germany, France, Italy, Spain, and the United Kingdom), and Japan from 2018 to 2030.

• #1 World Oral Mucositis Epidemiology Forecast to 2030 – ResearchAndMarkets.com

  https://www.businesswire.com/news/home/20210302005523/en/World-Oral-Mucositis-Epidemiology-Forecast-to-2030—ResearchAndMarkets.com

  Estimates show that the highest incident cases of OM in the 7MM were in the United States, followed by Japan in 2020. […] The United States, in 2020, accounted for 596,671, OM incident cases, which are expected to grow during the study period, i.e., 2018-2030. […] In the year 2020, the total incident cases of OM in EU5 were 623,424, which are expected to grow during the study period, i.e., 2018-2030. […] In the year 2020, the total incident cases of OM in Japan were 260,358, which are expected to grow during the study period, i.e., 2018-2030. […] The report provides insight about the historical and forecasted patient pool of OM in seven major markets covering the United States, EU5 (Germany, France, Italy, Spain, and the United Kingdom), and Japan. […] The report provides the segmentation of the OM epidemiology by incident cases in the 7MM. […] The report provides the segmentation of the OM epidemiology by grade-specific cases in the 7MM. […] The report provides the segmentation of the OM epidemiology by treated cases of OM in the 7MM.

• #1 Understanding Oral Mucositis and the Role of the Nurse – GelX

  https://gelxuk.com/resource/understanding-oral-mucositis-and-the-role-of-the-nurse/

  Epidemiology Patients undergoing head and neck radiotherapy, haematopoietic cell transplantation and chemotherapy are at high risk of developing oral mucositis. Studies have shown severe mucositis occurring in 29-66% of patients receiving radiation therapy for head and neck cancer. […] In these studies, the incidence of OM was especially high in patients with primary tumours in the oral cavity, oropharynx or nasopharynx; those who received concomitant chemotherapy; those who received a total dose of over 5000 cGy; and those treated with altered fractionation radiation schedules. […] For patients receiving high-dose chemotherapy prior to haematopoietic cell transplantation, oral mucositis has been reported to be the single most debilitating complication of transplantation.

• #1 Mucositis in patients with hematologic malignancies: an overview | Haematologica

  https://haematologica.org/article/view/4328

  The factors associated with the development of mucositis during autologous SCT are the amount of chemotherapy administered, the previous exposure to some drugs (e.g. anthracyclines, vinca alkaloids, cyclophosphamide, fludarabine, platinum analogs and methotrexate), female gender and the type of disease. […] In the allogeneic SCT setting, the incidence of mucositis reaches 75 to 100%, depending on the type of disease and procedure and on the conditioning regimen; moreover, true ulcerations in the mouth have been reported in 76% of cases.

• #1 Management of mTOR inhibitors oral mucositis: current state of knowledge | Journal of Oral Medicine and Oral Surgery

  https://www.jomos.org/articles/mbcb/full_html/2019/01/mbcb180027/mbcb180027.html

  Mucositis is one of the most common and limiting toxicities caused by mTOR inhibitors. The literature review performed by Martins et al., which includes 44 studies involving 2,800 patients primarily treated with temsirolimus or everolimus, shows that mucositis is the most common side effect that affects 73.4% patients, with over 30% of those severe cases (20.7% grade 3 and 10% grade 4). […] These lesions appear to last an average of 10 days after the start of treatment, and severity of mucositis is correlated with the dose. […] Finally, it was observed that patients receiving everolimus at the highest dose (10mg) in combination with exemestane for metastatic breast cancer treatment are more likely to develop mucositis.

• #1 The reduction of radiation mucositis by selective decontamination antibiotic pastilles: a placebo-controlled double-blind trial | British Journal of Cancer

  https://www.nature.com/articles/bjc1996359

  The aim of this study was to see if antibiotic pastilles could reduce radiation mucositis, pain, dysphagia and weight loss in patients undergoing radical radiotherapy for head and neck cancer. […] Bacteriological monitoring was carried out before and twice weekly during treatment. […] The primary study end point was the percentage of patients who developed intermediate or thick pseudomembranes. […] There was a clear tendency for patients with positive cultures for aerobic Gram-negative bacteria (AGNB) (P = 0.003) and yeasts (P = 0.026) during treatment to have more severe mucositis. […] The active pastilles reduced the percentage of patients with yeast cultures (P = 0.003) but had less effect on AGNB. […] The benefit derived from the pastilles should materially increase patient tolerance to radical radiotherapy for head and neck cancer.

• #1 Oral mucositis: the hidden side of cancer therapy | Journal of Experimental & Clinical Cancer Research | Full Text

  https://jeccr.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s13046-020-01715-7

  Mucositis is an acute event that mostly self-resolves as the anticancer treatment ends. […] The opportunity to stratify cancer patients according to their risk to develop mucositis, as well as the possibility to identify mucositis development and its severity in an early phase represents an unmet need for researchers and clinicians. […] Identification of a standardized biomarker for mucositis assessment and/or early diagnosis might allow, indeed, a precision management of patient, thus reducing hospitalization, therapy termination and dosage re-modulation; ultimately reducing patient management cost.

• #1 The Management of Oral Mucositis in Oncology

  https://www.onclive.com/view/mucositis_rd_jul2008

  Oral mucositis is a costly consequence of cancer therapy that can impede the efficacy of anticancer therapy. […] This painful condition develops in approximately 40% of patients treated with standard chemotherapy, 30%-60% of patients receiving radiation therapy for cancer of the head and neck, 70% of patients who undergo bone marrow transplantation and receive high-dose chemotherapy, and over 90% of patients receiving concomitant chemotherapy and localized radiation. […] The economic consequences of oral mucositis are substantial. In patients receiving high-dose chemotherapy for stem-cell transplant, Sonis and colleagues observed that the increased infections, disruption of therapy, and increased need for hospitalization caused by oral mucositis added $43,000 per patient. […] Since most patients undergoing high-dose chemotherapies for solid tumors, bone marrow transplant, and radiation for head and neck cancer will develop oral mucositis, it is advised that these patients be part of an oral hygiene plan that cleans the oral cavity and promotes healing of the mucosal lesions.

• #1 Chemotherapy or Radiation-Induced Oral Mucositis | Pocket Dentistry

  https://pocketdentistry.com/chemotherapy-or-radiation-induced-oral-mucositis/

  Oral mucositis is a significant toxicity of systemic chemotherapy and of radiation therapy to the head and neck region. […] It affects approximately 20% to 40% of patients receiving conventional chemotherapy regimens for solid tumors, depending on the dose and cytotoxicity of the drug. […] Collectively in the United States, it is estimated that about 400,000 patients suffer from oral mucositis each year. […] Almost all patients receiving therapeutic radiation for head and neck (HN) cancer will develop oral mucositis. […] In patients receiving high-dose chemotherapy for HSCT, increased severity of oral mucositis has been associated with increased incidence of significant infection, number of days with fever, and a 3.9-fold increase in 100-day mortality risk. […] In patients receiving HN RT, oral mucositis was associated with an increase in costs ranging from $1700 to $6000 per patient, depending on severity of mucositis.

• #1 Mucositis – European Association of Oral Medicine

  https://eaom.eu/education/eaom-handbook/mucositis/

  In chemotherapy, the incidence and severity of mucositis is influenced by the type of antineoplastic drugs and related to tumour type. […] Based on these factors, between 20-100 % of the patients will develop severe mucositis during chemotherapy. […] In severe mucositis, secondary infection of the mucosal ulcers can provide a port of entry for micro-organisms into the circulation, leading to life-threatening septicaemia in myelosuppressed patients. […] Severe mucositis gives rise to nutritional problems, and may necessitate hospitalisation and nasogastric feeding, increasing the cost of antineoplastic therapy, while it seriously affects patient’s quality of life. […] The development of secondary local and systemic infection, which may threaten life in immunocompromised patients, is an important complication related to mucositis. […] Mucositis is, at present, an inevitable side effect of antineoplastic therapies. […] Several strategies, including oral care programs and improved radiation treatment modalities, are available to prevent or reduce the incidence and the severity of mucositis.

• #1 Oral Mucositis Market to Observe Stunning Growth During the

  https://www.globenewswire.com/news-release/2025/04/17/3063690/0/en/Oral-Mucositis-Market-to-Observe-Stunning-Growth-During-the-Study-Period-2020-2034-DelveInsight.html

  The oral mucositis market dynamics are anticipated to change in the coming years. […] The global rise in head and neck cancer cases is a key factor driving the growth of the oral mucositis treatment market, with an increasing number of other cancer cases further contributing to this expansion. […] Moreover, the undiagnosed, unreported cases and the unawareness about the disease may also impact the oral mucositis market growth.

• #1 Oral Mucositis Market to Observe Stunning Growth During the Study Period (2020–2034) | DelveInsight

  http://www.einpresswire.com/article/804236775/oral-mucositis-market-to-observe-stunning-growth-during-the-study-period-2020-2034-delveinsight

  In addition, existing diagnostic techniques are insufficient to accurately determine the severity of the condition, often leading to delays in diagnosis and timely intervention. […] These factors collectively highlight the need for improved diagnostic tools, standardized assessment scales, and patient-centric reimbursement policies to fully unlock the potential of the oral mucositis treatment market.

• #1 The Management of Mucositis in 2005 – touchONCOLOGY

  https://touchoncology.com/supportive-cancer-care/journal-articles/the-management-of-mucositis-in-2005/

  Mucositis is defined as the damage that occurs to the tissues of the alimentary canal following chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy. […] High dose chemotherapy, prior to stem cell or bone marrow transplantation and head and neck radiotherapy, have the highest frequency of severe mucositis for the number of patients treated (50% to 90%). […] Measuring the exact incidence and severity of alimentary mucositis is very difficult. These particular toxicities are often only reported as a secondary endpoint in clinical trials, and this can lead to underpowering to detect the true incidence. […] However, in its recent review of the literature, the Mucositis Study Group of Multinational Association of Supportive Care in Cancer (MASCC) did report the incidence of grade 3 or 4 mucositis for various common regimens.

• #1 Treatment Options for Cancer Patients Suffering from Oral Mucositis | Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Care

  http://waocp.com/journal/index.php/apjcc/article/view/1018

  In patients undergoing chemotherapy for cancer or lymphoma, the incidence of infection during cycles with mucositis was greater than double that during cycles without mucositis and was directly related to the degree of mucositis. Infection-related mortality was also more prevalent throughout oral and GI mucositis cycles.

• #1 Prevalence of oral mucositis, dry mouth, and dysphagia in advanced cancer patients – PubMed

  https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25832897/

  The prevalence of mucositis was 22.3 %. The symptom relevantly reduced the ingestion of food or fluids and was statistically associated with the Karnofsky level and head and neck cancer. […] A strong relationship between the three oral symptoms was found. […] In advanced cancer patients, a range of oral problems significantly may impact on the physical, social, and psychological well-being of advanced cancer patients to varying degrees. These symptoms should be carefully assessed early but become imperative in the palliative care setting when they produce relevant consequences that may be life-threatening other than limiting the daily activities, particularly eating and drinking.

• #1 Radiation-induced Oral Mucositis in Brazilian Patients: Prevalence and Associated Factors | In Vivo

  https://iv.iiarjournals.org/content/33/2/605

  A total of 413 medical records of patients submitted to radiotherapy for the treatment of head and neck cancer between January 2008 and December 2017 were evaluated. […] The prevalence of OM in the overall sample was 41.9% (n=173) and was higher among males (78.2%). […] The following risk factors were significantly associated with OM: osteoradionecrosis (PR=1.51, 95% CI=1.10-2.06), chemotherapy (PR=1.48, 95% CI=1.05 to 2.08), oral candidiasis (PR=1.97, 95% CI=1.44-2.68), and radiation dose (PR=1.04; 95% CI=1.02 to 1.06). […] The prevalence of radiation-induced OM in the present study was 41.9%. […] The lower frequency of radiation-induced OM in the present study reflects the importance of adequate dental care before, during and after radiotherapy. […] The prevalence of osteoradionecrosis was low (9.7%), which is similar to the rate reported in a German study (12%)

• #1 SciELO Brazil – Occurrence and Severity of Oral Mucositis in Brazilian Pediatric Cancer Patients Occurrence and Severity of Oral Mucositis in Brazilian Pediatric Cancer Patients

  https://www.scielo.br/j/pboci/a/RZpbN5j3vP3cvQMrDJg8bjk/

  The occurrence of oral mucositis in pediatric cancer patients was significant, especially in the 2nd week of antineoplastic treatment. […] Severe oral mucositis was more prevalent in the 5th week of treatment and was not associated with any of the study variables. […] The occurrence and severity of OM were assessed by the modified OAG. […] The occurrence of OM was more frequent in the 2nd (60%), 5th (40.9%) and 10th week (43.2%) of antineoplastic treatment. […] During the follow-up period, SOM was more frequent in the 5th week (34.7%), followed by the 2nd (32.3%) and 10th weeks (29.7%). […] The healthcare team should be aware of the specific moment during the antineoplastic treatment when SOM is more likely to develop, in order to optimize the therapeutic intervention and to improve the patients quality of life.

• #1 Impact of oral mucositis on quality of life in patients undergoing oncological treatment: a systematic review – Al-Rudayni – Translational Cancer ResearchImpact of oral mucositis on quality of life in patients undergoing oncological treatment: a systemati

  https://tcr.amegroups.org/article/view/37721/html

  All the nine studies which utilized generalized QoL measurements reported reduction in overall QoL with OM; however, disparities could be noted among the various dimensions of QoL among the reported studies. […] Five studies reported the relationship between QoL and severity of mucositis as graded by a physician using a scale whereas other studies inferred the severity with the patient’s reports of symptoms, such as pain and difficulty in swallowing. […] Several studies have identified a correlation between the severity of mucositis and reduction in QoL; this association however was not comparable quantitatively due to difference in cancer types, treatment regimens, chosen time points (during or after therapy) and the instruments used for QoL measurements. […] During the most symptomatic phase of OM, high levels of pain and consequent dysfunctions on swallowing, chewing, drinking and speaking has a significant impact on QoL. […] This systematic review addresses the impact of OM on QoL in patients undergoing oncologic treatment.

• #1 Evidence-Based Statistics on Complete Prevention and Rapid Sustained Elimination of Chemoradiation Mucositis by High-Potency Polymerized Cross-Linked Sucralfate – Journal of Oncology Navigation & Survivorship

  https://www.jons-online.com/issues/2018/february-2018-vol-9-no-2/1794-evidence-based-statistics-on-complete-prevention-and-rapid-sustained-elimination-of-chemoradiation-mucositis-by-high-potency-polymerized-cross-linked-sucralfate

  High-potency polymerized cross-linked sucralfate (HPPCLS) was prescribed for prevention in 8 patients and for reversal in 58 patients. […] Complete prevention of toxic mucositis by HPPCLS was equally unprecedented. […] The HPPCLS trial had 53 patients with that outcome, far more than the 3 required for statistical proof of effect. […] The likelihood of mucositis-associated treatment breaks in patients on HPPCLS is only 4%.

• #1 Oral Mucositis | Treatment & Management | Point of Care

  https://www.statpearls.com/point-of-care/19378

  Younger age patients may have a higher incidence of oral mucositis. […] Up to 91% of patients receiving radiotherapy for head and neck cancer and 20% to 40% of patients with solid tumors receiving chemotherapy will develop mucositis. […] Therefore, treating clinicians must inform patients regarding the signs and symptoms of oral mucositis before starting chemotherapy or radiotherapy so patients can identify early features and seek treatment. […] Prophylactic dental interventions, such as extracting compromised teeth and restoring carious lesions before initiating cancer therapy, can decrease mucositis risk by 25% and are particularly beneficial in high-risk patients.

• #1 Burden of Oral Mucositis: A Systematic Review and Implications for Future Research – ScienceOpen

  https://www.scienceopen.com/document?vid=cab699ce-0e1b-4c64-a9bc-ad938862fb00

  Burden of Oral Mucositis: A Systematic Review and Implications for Future Research […] Surprisingly little is known about the burden of oral mucositis (OM). We provide a systematic review of studies on the burden of OM (incidence, economic impact, health-related quality of life (HRQoL)). […] We screened 4,996 hits, and identified 68 studies of which 13 were without transparency on OM grading. The evidence level of 65 studies was rated ‘low’ or ‘very low’ in 58.5%, ‘moderate’ in 20% and ‘high’ in 21.5%. Mean value of incidence (7 studies) was 83.5% for all grades of OM with hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. OM incidence for all grades in head and neck cancer patients was 59.4-100%. Considering the economic impact, 16 studies showed highly variable numbers. HRQoL was measured in 16 studies using 13 different instruments. Statistically significant changes in HRQoL scores were demonstrated. […] OM is common, burdensome, costly and imposes major reductions in HRQoL. However, from a quality standpoint, the level of current evidence in OM is disappointing. The field needs continued attention to address methodological challenges.

• #1 Radiation-induced Oral Mucositis in Brazilian Patients: Prevalence and Associated Factors | In Vivo

  https://iv.iiarjournals.org/content/33/2/605

  The prevalence of oral candidiasis associated with OM ranges from 27-50%, which is higher than the rate found in the present study. […] Therefore, the investigation of predisposing factors, as well as adequate dental care before and during radiotherapy, can contribute to a reduction in the occurrence of this complication and an improvement in the quality of life of patients. […] In conclusion, radiation-induced OM was associated with the radiation dose, concomitant chemotherapy, oral candidiasis and osteoradionecrosis.

• #1 Oral Mucositis Market to Observe Stunning Growth During the

  https://www.globenewswire.com/news-release/2025/04/17/3063690/0/en/Oral-Mucositis-Market-to-Observe-Stunning-Growth-During-the-Study-Period-2020-2034-DelveInsight.html

  The oral mucositis epidemiology section provides insights into the historical and current oral mucositis patient pool and forecasted trends for the 7MM. […] The oral mucositis market report proffers epidemiological analysis for the study period 20202034 in the 7MM segmented into: Total Incident Cases of Oral Mucositis, Grade-Specific Incident Cases of Oral Mucositis, Total Treated Cases of Oral Mucositis. […] The anticipated introduction of emerging therapies with improved efficacy and a further improvement in the diagnosis rate is expected to drive the growth of the oral mucositis market in the 7MM. […] The current lack of specific and effective therapies for this condition presents a significant opportunity for innovation, opening the door for new treatment options that could drive further market growth and improve patient outcomes.

• #2 Oral toxicity associated with systemic anticancer therapy – UpToDate

  https://www.uptodate.com/contents/oral-toxicity-associated-with-systemic-anticancer-therapy

  Oral mucositis affects on average 20 to 40 percent of patients receiving conventional-dose cytotoxic chemotherapy. The frequency is higher (up to 80 percent) in those undergoing hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT), particularly myeloablative allogeneic HCT, and in those who are prepared with radiation-containing regimens and with the use of methotrexate for graft-versus-host disease prophylaxis. An exception is in the setting of reduced-intensity or non-myeloablative allogeneic HCT, where mucositis is rare. […] Disruptions in the function and/or integrity of the mucosal lining of the gastrointestinal tract are a particularly important problem in patients receiving chemotherapy. Mucositis, which reflects a short-term, self-limited adverse effect of treatment, can affect the entire alimentary tract. The range of symptoms includes oral ulcerations, dysphagia and odynophagia, esophagitis, gastritis, diarrhea, and malabsorption.

• #2 Oral Mucositis: Update on Prevention and Management Strategies

  https://www.uspharmacist.com/article/oral-mucositis-update-on-prevention-and-management-strategies-12403

  Oral mucositis (OM) is one of the most commonly occurring adverse effects in patients with head-and-neck cancer receiving chemotherapy (CT) and radiotherapy (RT). Compared with men, women have a significantly greater risk of OM; it usually is more severe and has a longer duration of action. Type of CT agent and RT also influence the chances of developing OM. Currently considered to be a subepithelial and epithelial injury, OM is believed to have five phases: initiation, signaling, amplification, ulceration, and healing. The proper use of assessment scales, nonpharmacologic methods such as good oral hygiene and cryotherapy, and pharmacologic treatment are important for the prevention or management of OM. […] Current head-and-neck RT protocols have an OM incidence of 85% to 100%. The incidence of OM can approach 90% to 100% in patients receiving aggressive myeloablative CT. In patients with solid tumors who had CT-induced myelosuppression, OM occurred during 37% of 1,236 cycles of chemotherapy. The severity of OM depends on various factors, including the anticancer treatment protocol, the patients age and diagnosis, the level of oral hygiene during therapy, and genetic factors.

• #2 Radiation therapy and chemotherapy-induced oral mucositis | Brazilian Journal of Otorhinolaryngology

  https://www.elsevier.es/en-revista-brazilian-journal-otorhinolaryngology-english-edition–497-articulo-radiation-therapy-chemotherapy-induced-oral-mucositis-S1808869415301105

  Increasing the intensity of radiation therapy and chemotherapy in the management of cancer has increased the incidence of adverse effects, especially oral mucositis. […] Anticancer treatment-induced oral mucositis is a frequent complication; its incidence varies with patient-related and treatment-related variables. […] Generally, malignancies of the blood – such as leukemia and lymphoma – that suppress the bone marrow, tend to show a high rate of oral complications. […] According to Childers et al. and Sonis et al., younger age increases the possibility of chemotherapy affecting the mouth. […] Nearly all (90% to 97%) patients receiving radiotherapy in the head and neck will develop some degree of mucositis. […] Mucositis causes 9% to 19% of chemotherapy and radiotherapy interruption.

• #2 Oral Mucositis Market Size, Share, Trends 2034

  https://www.imarcgroup.com/oral-mucositis-market

  Oral mucositis develops in around 40% of cancer treatment patients. […] The incidences of mild, moderate, and severe oral mucositis were found worldwide to be 16.8%, 34.5%, and 26.4%, respectively. […] The incidence of oral mucositis is higher in patients who undergo continuous infusion therapy for breast and colon cancer, as well as those who receive adjuvant treatment for head and neck cancers. […] Radiotherapy-induced oral mucositis is the most common and painful radiation complication, with a frequency ranging from 85.0% to 100.0% in patients with head and neck cancer during treatment. […] Oral mucositis may be more common among younger people. […] IMARC Group’s new report provides an exhaustive analysis of the oral mucositis market in the United States, EU4 (Germany, Spain, Italy, and France), United Kingdom, and Japan. This includes treatment practices, in-market, and pipeline drugs, share of individual therapies, market performance across the seven major markets, market performance of key companies and their drugs, etc. […] According to the report, the United States has the largest patient pool for oral mucositis and also represents the largest market for its treatment. […] The report also provides the current and future patient pool across the seven major markets.

• #2 Oral Mucositis: Update on Prevention and Management Strategies

  https://www.uspharmacist.com/article/oral-mucositis-update-on-prevention-and-management-strategies-12403

  Patient-related factors such as age, gender, genetic factors (increased proinflammatory cytokine expression), preexisting poor oral hygiene, periodontal disease, nutritional status, RT- or drug-induced xerostomia, impaired salivary function, myelosuppression, tobacco use, and alcohol consumption have a major influence on the development, severity, and duration of OM. A significantly greater risk of OM has been found in women than in men (86% vs. 60%), and their OM generally is more severe and lasts longer. […] The burdens of cancer therapy. Clinical and economic outcomes of chemotherapy-induced mucositis. Cancer. 2003;98:1531-1539. Mucositis incidence, severity and associated outcomes in patients with head and neck cancer receiving radiotherapy with or without chemotherapy: a systematic literature review. Radiother Oncol. 2003;66:253-262.

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