Guzy
Zapobieganie i profilaktyka

Guzy, definiowane jako nieprawidłowe masy lub obrzęki, mogą mieć etiologię łagodną (np. torbiele, włókniaki) lub złośliwą (nowotwory). Wczesna diagnostyka zmian nowotworowych, zwłaszcza w obrębie skóry i piersi, jest kluczowa dla poprawy rokowania. Profilaktyka obejmuje regularne samobadanie i badania lekarskie, stosowanie szerokospektralnych filtrów przeciwsłonecznych z SPF ≥15, utrzymanie zdrowego stylu życia (aktywność fizyczna 150-300 minut umiarkowanej intensywności tygodniowo, zbilansowana dieta, ograniczenie alkoholu do 1 drinka/dzień u kobiet i 2 u mężczyzn) oraz unikanie czynników ryzyka, takich jak otyłość i cukrzyca. W przypadku wysokiego ryzyka raka piersi rozważa się chemioprewencję tamoksyfenem (redukcja ryzyka inwazyjnego raka piersi o 49% wg BCPT) lub inhibitorami aromatazy (eksemestan, anastrozol).

Guzy – Profilaktyka i Zapobieganie

Guzy to nieprawidłowe masy lub obrzęki, które mogą występować na skórze lub wewnątrz ciała i mogą mieć różne przyczyny, w tym łagodne stany, takie jak torbiele i włókniaki, a także poważniejsze problemy, jak nowotwory. Wczesna diagnostyka złośliwych zmian znacząco poprawia wyniki leczenia, co podkreśla znaczenie szybkiej konsultacji medycznej w przypadku niepokojących guzów1. Niestety, nie wszystkie guzy można całkowicie zapobiec, jednak istnieją strategie, które mogą zmniejszyć ryzyko ich wystąpienia lub pomóc we wczesnym wykryciu.

Ogólne zasady profilaktyki guzów

Większość guzów skórnych pojawia się naturalnie i nie można im zapobiec. Jednak istnieją pewne ogólne strategie profilaktyczne, które warto stosować12:

  • Regularne badanie ciała w celu śledzenia wszelkich zmian, które mogą wskazywać na chorobę lub dolegliwość, w tym sprawdzanie pod kątem guzów w tarczycy, piersiach i innych obszarach1
  • Szybkie informowanie lekarza o zauważonych zmianach – im wcześniej można umówić się na wizytę, tym lepiej1
  • Regularne wizyty u lekarza, nawet gdy czujesz się zdrowy – może to pomóc w zapobieganiu chorobom1
  • Utrzymywanie zdrowego stylu życia, w tym regularna aktywność fizyczna i zbilansowana dieta1

Zapobieganie guzom skóry

W przypadku guzów skórnych, profilaktyka może obejmować12:

  • Odpowiednią pielęgnację skóry – używanie odpowiednich środków myjących do twarzy i filtrów przeciwsłonecznych1
  • Stosowanie szerokospektralnego filtra przeciwsłonecznego z co najmniej SPF 15 codziennie, aby uniknąć guzów skórnych, które mogą być rodzajem raka skóry1
  • Niepróbowanie samodzielnego wyciskania torbieli, aby uniknąć zakażenia i bliznowacenia12
  • Kontrolowanie stanów takich jak cukrzyca i otyłość, które zwiększają ryzyko wystąpienia brodawek skórnych1

Profilaktyka guzów piersi

Nie ma jednoznacznego sposobu na zapobieganie wielu guzom piersi, ponieważ często są one związane z naturalnymi zmianami w organizmie, takimi jak zmiany hormonalne zachodzące w czasie. Jednak istnieją czynniki ryzyka dla nowotworowych guzów piersi, które można modyfikować1.

Aby zmniejszyć ryzyko wystąpienia raka piersi, można podjąć następujące kroki1234:

  • Ograniczyć spożycie alkoholu – dla zdrowych dorosłych oznacza to do jednego drinka dziennie dla kobiet i do dwóch drinków dziennie dla mężczyzn1
  • Stosować zbilansowaną dietę – wypełniać talerz chudymi białkami, pełnoziarnistymi produktami oraz owocami i warzywami, ograniczając spożycie cukru, soli i przetworzonych pokarmów1
  • Ćwiczyć – Amerykańskie Towarzystwo Raka zaleca, aby dorośli dążyli do 150-300 minut ćwiczeń o umiarkowanej intensywności tygodniowo lub 75-150 minut intensywnej aktywności tygodniowo1
  • Wykonywać regularnie samobadanie piersi – najlepiej robić to co miesiąc, najlepiej kilka dni po zakończeniu miesiączki1
  • Poddawać się mammografii i innym rutynowym badaniom przesiewowym, które są kluczowe dla wczesnego wykrywania nieprawidłowości w piersiach1

Świadomość, że wczesny guz nowotworowy jest bezbolesny (ECLIPs – Early Cancer Lump is Painless), może być skuteczną strategią zmniejszenia śmiertelności z powodu raka piersi, szczególnie w krajach o niskich i średnich dochodach1. Tworzenie świadomości na temat ECLIPs jest łatwe i opłacalne, dlatego powinno być częścią krajowych programów dotyczących raka piersi1.

Profilaktyka farmakologiczna guzów

W niektórych przypadkach możliwe jest zastosowanie chemioprewencji, czyli podejścia profilaktycznego z użyciem leków. Dotyczy to szczególnie osób z wysokim ryzykiem raka piersi1.

Leki stosowane w chemioprewencji raka piersi to123:

  • Tamoksyfen – stosowany w celu zmniejszenia ryzyka inwazyjnego raka piersi u osób z wysokim ryzykiem w wieku 35 lat i starszych, niezależnie od tego, czy przeszły menopauzę1. Badanie Breast Cancer Prevention Trial (BCPT) opublikowało w 1998 roku wyniki pokazujące, że stosowanie tamoksyfenu u kobiet z wysokim ryzykiem zmniejszyło częstość występowania inwazyjnego raka piersi o 49%1
  • Raloksyfen – stosowany w celu zmniejszenia ryzyka inwazyjnego raka piersi u osób z wysokim ryzykiem, które przeszły menopauzę1
  • Inhibitory aromatazy, w szczególności eksemestan i anastrozol – badano je pod kątem zmniejszenia ryzyka raka piersi u osób z wysokim ryzykiem, takich jak osoby z historią raka piersi w rodzinie lub historią przedrakowych zmian w piersiach1

Należy jednak zauważyć, że większość lekarzy rodzinnych rzadko zaleca profilaktyczne stosowanie tamoksyfenu, a jeszcze mniej kobiet decyduje się na jego przyjmowanie. Główną barierą wydają się być obawy dotyczące potencjalnych działań niepożądanych tamoksyfenu1.

Profilaktyka guzów pachwiny

Większość guzów w pachwinie występuje naturalnie i nie można im zapobiec. Można jednak podjąć pewne kroki, aby zmniejszyć ryzyko12:

  • Zawsze używać prezerwatywy lub innej metody barierowej podczas stosunków seksualnych, aby zapobiec chorобom przenoszonym drogą płciową (STI)1
  • Jeśli istnieje ryzyko rozwoju przepukliny, można zmniejszyć prawdopodobieństwo jej wystąpienia unikając podnoszenia ciężkich przedmiotów, unikając wysiłku podczas wypróżniania i utrzymując umiarkowaną wagę1
  • Praktykowanie odpowiedniej higieny osobistej, aby zapobiec torbielom i infekcjom1

Zapobieganie specyficznym rodzajom guzów

Zapobieganie guzom po liposukcji

Nierówne miejsca po liposukcji, często budzące obawy pacjentów, są głównie spowodowane nierównomiernym usunięciem tłuszczu lub obrzękiem. Zapobieganie guzom po liposukcji zaczyna się od wyboru wykwalifikowanego chirurga i przestrzegania instrukcji dotyczących opieki przed- i pooperacyjnej1.

Kluczowe elementy profilaktyki obejmują12:

  • Noszenie odzieży uciskowej zgodnie z zaleceniami chirurga – jest to niezbędne do zmniejszenia obrzęku, wspierania gojących się tkanek i minimalizowania ryzyka powstawania nierównych miejsc1
  • Odpowiednie nawodnienie i zbilansowana dieta1
  • Unikanie niektórych leków, które mogą wpływać na gojenie1
  • Noszenie odzieży uciskowej przez zalecany okres, często przez kilka tygodni po operacji1
Zapobieganie lipohypertrofii

Istnieje kilka strategii, które mogą pomóc zapobiec lipohypertrofii1:

  • Zmienianie miejsc wstrzyknięć za każdym razem, a miejsc pompy co dwa do trzech dni
  • Ustalenie planu, który obejmuje harmonogram określonych miejsc wstrzyknięć lub pompy, a następnie trzymanie się go
  • Zlecenie pracownikowi służby zdrowia sprawdzenia miejsc wstrzyknięć lub pompy przy każdej wizycie osobistej
  • Sprawdzanie skóry przed wstrzyknięciem leku lub wprowadzeniem kaniuli pompy, aby sprawdzić, czy nie ma tkanki, która wygląda lub wydaje się inna
  • Śledzenie miejsc wstrzykiwania leków lub umieszczania pompy za pomocą wykresu, kalendarza lub aplikacji
  • Rozmieszczanie miejsc wstrzyknięć w odległości co najmniej szerokości palca (trzech szerokości palca dla pomp)
Zapobieganie zarostowemu zapaleniu mieszków włosowych (guzkom po goleniu)

Guzy po goleniu mają tendencję do bycia większym problemem dla mężczyzn niż kobiet, ponieważ wielu mężczyzn goli się codziennie. Większość osób zgadza się, że najlepszym sposobem radzenia sobie z guzami po goleniu i wrastającymi włosami jest zapobieganie1.

Aby zapobiec guzkom po goleniu, zaleca się12:

  • Golenie w kierunku, w którym rosną włosy1
  • Traktowanie skóry po goleniu, aby zapobiec guzkom – używanie preparatu na guzki po goleniu, zarówno formuły dla skóry wrażliwej, jak i formuły o podwójnej sile dla osób z poważniejszymi stanami1
  • Zaprzestanie golenia i pozwolenie włosom na wzrost, co wyeliminuje przyczynę guzków po goleniu1
  • Golenie, gdy włosy są miękkie – golenie pod koniec prysznica lub trzymanie ciepłego, wilgotnego ręcznika na obszarze, który chcesz ogolić, rozluźnia włosy i powoduje ich pęcznienie, dzięki czemu są mniej podatne na zakrzywianie się w skórę i powodowanie guzków1
  • Używanie odpowiednich produktów – przed goleniem umycie skóry niekomedogennym środkiem czyszczącym, podczas golenia zawsze używanie nawilżającego kremu do golenia, a po goleniu nałożenie łagodzącego płynu po goleniu1
  • Częstsze golenie – golenie codziennie lub przynajmniej co 2-3 dni daje włosom mniej czasu na wzrost i zakrzywianie się1
Zapobieganie miękkoluskom zakaźnym

Miękkoluska zakaźne można zapobiec przez123:

  • Częste mycie rąk i unikanie współdzielenia takich przedmiotów jak ręczniki i ubrania1
  • Zakrywanie zmian ubraniem lub bandażem, aby uniknąć rozprzestrzeniania się infekcji na inne części ciała lub na innych oraz aby zapobiec infekcji bakteryjnej1
  • Jeśli osoba z miękkoluską idzie pływać, powinna zakryć wszystkie widoczne zmiany wodoszczelnymi bandażami1
  • Dokładna dezynfekcja i suszenie desek do pływania i innego sprzętu basenowego, który może dotykać zmian1
Zapobieganie keratoacanthoma

Po wystąpieniu keratoacanthoma, możesz być bardziej podatny na jego ponowne wystąpienie w przyszłości. Regularnie sprawdzaj swoją skórę pod kątem guzków lub nietypowych plam i odwiedź lekarza w celu pełnego badania ciała dwa razy w roku1.

Ważne jest również, aby chronić skórę przed uszkodzeniami słonecznymi1:

  • Unikaj wychodzenia na zewnątrz od 10:00 do 16:00, kiedy słońce jest najsilniejsze
  • Używaj szerokospektralnego filtra przeciwsłonecznego z tlenkiem cynku jako głównym składnikiem (co najmniej 8%) i SPF 15 lub wyższym
  • Noś odzież i czapki chroniące przed słońcem, gdy jesteś na zewnątrz
  • Nie korzystaj z solariów

Zapobieganie guzom u zwierząt domowych

Regularne wizyty weterynaryjne są niezbędne dla wczesnego wykrycia i leczenia mas skórnych u zwierząt domowych. Te badania kontrolne umożliwiają12:

  • Wczesne wykrycie potencjalnych problemów zdrowotnych, w tym guzów1
  • Indywidualną ocenę każdego guza, ponieważ jeśli zwierzę rozwinie więcej niż jeden guz, guzy te mogą nie być tego samego typu1
  • Dalsze monitorowanie guzów, które zostały określone jako łagodny wzrost skóry, pod kątem wszelkich zmian w czasie1

Zapobieganie nowotworom u psów rozpoczyna się od inicjatywy „Check Your Dog Day” (Dzień Sprawdzania Psa). Jest to integralną częścią walki z rakiem psów, ponieważ prowadzi do wczesnego wykrycia raka u psów1.

Ważne wskazówki dla właścicieli zwierząt domowych12:

  • Utrzymywanie zdrowej wagi i diety jest kluczowe dla profilaktyki. Odpowiednie odżywianie może pomóc zmniejszyć ryzyko raka i innych problemów zdrowotnych1
  • Regularna aktywność fizyczna jest również ważna dla utrzymania ogólnego zdrowia i potencjalnego zmniejszenia prawdopodobieństwa rozwoju guzów1
  • Sprawdzanie psa raz w miesiącu pod kątem guzków i wszelkich nieprawidłowych zachowań jest kluczowe w zapobieganiu wszelkim problemom zdrowotnym1
  • Jeśli guz na psie ma 1 cm lub więcej i jest tam od miesiąca lub jeśli zmienił kształt, należy udać się do weterynarza1

Kluczowe elementy profilaktyki guzów

Podsumowując, chociaż nie wszystkim guzom można zapobiec, istnieje wiele strategii, które mogą pomóc zmniejszyć ryzyko ich wystąpienia lub umożliwić ich wczesne wykrycie. Najważniejsze elementy profilaktyki guzów to1234:

  • Regularne samobadanie i badania lekarskie – wczesne wykrycie jest kluczowe dla skutecznego leczenia
  • Utrzymywanie zdrowego stylu życia – zrównoważona dieta, regularna aktywność fizyczna, utrzymywanie zdrowej wagi ciała
  • Ograniczenie spożycia alkoholu i unikanie palenia tytoniu
  • Ochrona skóry przed promieniowaniem UV – stosowanie filtrów przeciwsłonecznych, noszenie ochronnej odzieży
  • Unikanie ekspozycji na potencjalne kancerogeny, takie jak herbicydy i dioksyny
  • W przypadku osób z wysokim ryzykiem rozwoju niektórych rodzajów raka – rozważenie profilaktyki farmakologicznej pod nadzorem lekarza

Pamiętaj, że wczesne wykrycie i leczenie guzów znacznie zwiększa szanse na pełne wyzdrowienie. Jeśli zauważysz jakiekolwiek niepokojące zmiany na swoim ciele, skonsultuj się z lekarzem jak najszybciej1.

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  1. 14.04.2026
  2. www.leksykon.com.pl

Materiały źródłowe

  • #1 Lumps and cancer | EBSCO Research Starters
    https://www.ebsco.com/research-starters/health-and-medicine/lumps-and-cancer
    Lumps are abnormal masses or swellings that can occur on the skin or within the body, and they can have various causes, including benign conditions like cysts and fibromas, as well as more serious issues such as cancer. […] Early diagnosis of malignancies significantly improves survival outcomes, highlighting the importance of prompt medical attention for any concerning lumps. […] Lumps are detected by touch, visually, or the perception of pain. Most benign cysts are soft, but medical examination can reveal their cause and whether they are benign or malignant. Most common potentially cancer-related lumps develop in the breasts. Although typically lumps in the breast are benign breast cysts, they may be indicators of breast cancer. As a result, lumps found in the breast should be immediately examined to detect potential cases of breast cancer. […] Lumps tend to be benign. However, if a malignancy is detected, the survival rate with early diagnosis tends to be higher than after delayed detection.
  • #1 Groin Lump: Causes, Treatment, and Prevention
    https://www.healthline.com/health/groin-lump
    Most groin lumps occur naturally and arent preventable. However, you can help prevent an STI by always using a condom or other barrier method when having sex. […] If youre at risk of developing a hernia, you may be able to reduce the chances of it occurring by avoiding heavy lifting, not straining during bowel movements, and maintaining a moderate weight. […] Getting the smallpox vaccine may help prevent a severe monkeypox infection. However, it may only be available to people who may have a higher risk of getting monkeypox or a higher risk of severe illness from monkeypox.
  • #1 New Lump Or Bump On Your Body? Tell Your Doctor Quickly | Orlando | UCF Health
    https://ucfhealth.com/health-tips/new-lump-or-bump-on-your-body-tell-your-doctor-quickly/
    Many diseases can be treated and even prevented if you take the right steps at the right time. […] This includes checking your body and seeing your doctor often, especially when something doesnt feel right including the arrival of lumps, pain or other changes in your health that could indicate a disease or illness. […] Doctors recommend that you check your body often to keep track of any changes that could be a sign of a disease or illness. This includes checking for lumps in your thyroid gland, breasts and other areas. […] If you do notice something concerning, dont wait to inform your doctor. The sooner you can make an appointment, the better. Its easier to prevent or treat a disease early than it is to reverse symptoms later on. […] In some cases, the best thing to do is wait and monitor the lump. Benign tumors, or tumors that dont spread or cause harm to the patient, should be watched closely to make sure they dont become malignant, or invasive of surrounding tissue.
  • #1 New Lump Or Bump On Your Body? Tell Your Doctor Quickly | Orlando | UCF Health
    https://ucfhealth.com/health-tips/new-lump-or-bump-on-your-body-tell-your-doctor-quickly/
    Any of these symptoms should be taken seriously and brought to your doctors attention as soon as you notice them. Making an appointment can save your life, and you shouldnt wait to bring something up to your doctor, even if it seems minimal. […] Also keep in mind that it is wise to visit your doctor even when you feel healthy. Seeing your doctor frequently can help prevent illness and disease in the first place.
  • #1 Understanding breast cancer | Top Doctors
    https://www.topdoctors.co.uk/medical-articles/understanding-breast-cancer-awareness-prevention-and-treatment
    While some risk factors like genetics cannot be changed, there are several ways to reduce the risk of developing breast cancer. Maintaining a healthy lifestyle, including regular exercise, a balanced diet, and limiting alcohol intake, can lower the risk. For those at high risk, preventive measures such as medications or prophylactic surgery may be considered. […] Treatment for breast cancer varies depending on the stage and type of cancer. Common treatments include surgery, radiation therapy, chemotherapy, hormone therapy, and targeted therapy. Advances in research have also led to more personalized treatment options, improving outcomes for many patients.
  • #1 What Is a Skin Lump? Symptoms, Causes, Diagnosis, Treatment, and More
    https://www.everydayhealth.com/skin-lumps/guide/
    Many skin lumps, like lipomas, may have a genetic cause, says Hartman. Thats one reason why you wont be able to take steps to actively prevent all skin lumps. To avoid skin lumps or bumps that could be a type of skin cancer, it’s crucial to wear a broad-spectrum sunscreen with at least SPF 15 every day. […] When it comes to cysts, you wont be able to prevent them from forming, but make sure you dont try to pop a cyst yourself, to avoid infection and scarring. […] Skin tags arent always preventable, as they can have genetic causes. But controlling conditions like diabetes and obesity that increase the risk of skin tags will discourage their formation. This is achievable through body weight management and effective blood glucose control.
  • #1 How To Prevent Lumps in Body? – Health & Wellness Blog | Healthwire
    https://healthwire.pk/healthcare/how-to-prevent-lumps-in-body/
    As there are many causes of skin lumps, so are the available prevention methods. […] Cysts can be prevented by taking care of your skin. Get your hands on the best face wash available out there and dont forget to buy sunscreen too. […] Also if you have pus or other materials filled up in the cysts then dont pop them as it may cause an outbreak of many skin infections at other sites of your skin.
  • #1 Suspicious breast lumps – Symptoms and causes – Mayo Clinic
    https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/suspicious-breast-lumps/symptoms-causes/syc-20352786
    There’s no clear way to prevent many breast lumps. Breast lumps that are not cancer often are linked with natural changes in the body, such as hormonal changes over time. […] But some risk factors for cancerous breast lumps are within your power to change. Take the following steps to lower your chances of breast cancer: […] Drink less alcohol. If you choose to drink alcohol, do so in moderation. For healthy adults, that means up to one drink a day for women and up to two drinks a day for men. […] Eat a balanced diet. Fill your plate with lean proteins, whole grains, and fruits and vegetables. Eat less sugary, salty and processed foods. […] Exercise. The American Cancer Society recommends that adults aim to get 150 to 300 minutes of moderate-intensity exercise a week. Or you can try to do 75 to 150 minutes of vigorous activity a week. If you’re not active now, ask your healthcare professional to help you get started.
  • #1 Breast Lumps: A Comprehensive Guide to Symptoms
    https://cvicvascular.com/breast-lumps-a-comprehensive-guide-to-symptoms-and-treatments/
    Performing regular breast self-examinations can help detect changes early. It is recommended to do this monthly, ideally a few days after your menstrual period ends. […] Mammograms and other routine screenings are crucial for early detection of breast abnormalities. Follow your healthcare providers recommendations for screening frequency based on your age and risk factors. […] Maintaining a healthy lifestyle can reduce the risk of developing it. This includes: […] Eating a diet rich in fruits, vegetables, and whole grains. […] Staying physically active to maintain a healthy weight. […] Limiting alcohol intake and avoiding smoking can lower the risk of breast cancer. […] While not all breast lumps can be prevented, maintaining a healthy lifestyle, performing regular self-examinations, and undergoing routine screenings can help detect and manage it early.
  • #1 Awareness that early cancer lump is painless could decrease breast cancer mortality in developing countries
    https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC4896900/
    There are several factors which contribute to patients reporting late to healthcare facility even after detecting the breast lump (patient delay). Amongst these, one of the important factors in low- and middle-income countries is lack of awareness that early cancer lump is painless (ECLIPs). […] Therefore, creating awareness about ECLIPs could be an effective strategy to reduce mortality due to breast cancer in low- and middle-income countries. […] Moreover creating awareness about ECLIPs is easy and cost effective. […] Therefore ECLIPs awareness should be part of breast cancer national programs in LMICs. […] Amongst the patient delay factors, one of the important factors is lack of awareness about ECLIPs. […] Therefore, creating awareness about ECLIPs could be an effective strategy to reduce mortality due to breast cancer in LMICs. […] Therefore ECLIPs awareness is a logical, easy, and cost effective strategy to decrease breast cancer mortality in LMICs and should be a part of national cancer management strategies in these countries.
  • #1 Breast cancer chemoprevention: Drugs that reduce risk
    https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/breast-cancer/in-depth/breast-cancer/art-20045353
    Preventive medications can reduce breast cancer risk. Learn about how these drugs work, who should consider taking them, plus their side effects and health risks. […] If you’re at high risk of breast cancer, you may be able to improve your odds of staying cancer-free by taking certain medicines an approach known as chemoprevention or preventive therapy. […] Medications for breast cancer chemoprevention are the subject of much ongoing research. […] Here’s a look at what’s known about each of these medications, including how they may work to prevent breast cancer and the possible side effects and health risks. […] Tamoxifen is used to reduce the risk of invasive breast cancer if you’re at high risk and you’re 35 and older, whether or not you’ve gone through menopause. […] Raloxifene is used to reduce the risk of invasive breast cancer if you’re at high risk and you’ve undergone menopause (postmenopausal).
  • #1 Tamoxifen For Breast Cancer Chemoprevention: Low Uptake by High-Risk Women After Evaluation of a Breast Lump | Annals of Family Medicine
    https://www.annfammed.org/content/3/3/242
    PURPOSE The Breast Cancer Prevention Trial (BCPT) published results in 1998 showing that the use of tamoxifen in high-risk women reduced the incidence of invasive breast cancer by 49%. […] Family physicians recommended prophylactic tamoxifen to few women and even fewer women chose to take it. The major barrier appears to be concern about potential adverse effects of tamoxifen. […] The overwhelming majority of high-risk women we surveyed (98.9%) opted against taking tamoxifen. Fear of serious adverse effects, the perception of being at low risk, and the lack of physician recommendation were the 3 most frequently cited factors in the decision not to use tamoxifen. […] Only 3 out of 65 family physicians in our study recommended the use of tamoxifen. The family physicians opinion was cited as a key factor in the decision not to use tamoxifen for almost one third of our study participants.
  • #1 Breast cancer chemoprevention: Drugs that reduce risk
    https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/breast-cancer/in-depth/breast-cancer/art-20045353
    Aromatase inhibitors have been studied and shown to be effective to treat breast cancer and to prevent breast cancer recurrence after menopause. […] Aromatase inhibitors, specifically exemestane and anastrozole, have also been studied to see if they may reduce the risk of breast cancer in people at high risk, such as those with a family history of breast cancer or a history of precancerous breast lesions. […] Based on these results, you and your health care provider may choose to use aromatase inhibitors to reduce the risk of breast cancer, though these drugs aren’t approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration for this use. […] As more results from research studies become available, health care providers will have a better idea of the long-term health implications for these drugs and their effectiveness in breast cancer chemoprevention.
  • #1 Lump in the groin: Causes, diagnosis, treatment, and prevention
    https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/lump-in-groin
    It is not always possible to prevent lumps from developing in or near the groin. However, certain types of lump are more preventable than others. […] For example, people can help prevent cysts and infections by practicing appropriate personal hygiene and using barrier methods during sex.
  • #1 Lumps After Liposuction: Prevention and Smoothing Techniques
    https://phoenixliposuction.com/blog/lumps-after-liposuction-prevention/
    Lumpy spots after liposuction, often a concern for patients, are primarily caused by uneven fat removal or swelling. Understanding their nature can help in managing expectations and planning for smoother recovery. […] Preventing bumps starts with choosing a skilled surgeon and adhering to pre- and post-operative care instructions. Proper hydration, a balanced diet, and avoiding certain medications can also play a crucial role. […] Wearing compression garments as advised by your surgeon is essential for reducing swelling, supporting the healing tissues, and minimizing the risk of lumpy spots formation. […] Compression garments play a crucial role after liposuction. They help collapse tunnels left from the procedure, preventing fluid build-up. Wearing these for the recommended period, often several weeks post-surgery, ensures smoother healing.
  • #1 Lumps After Liposuction: Prevention and Smoothing Techniques
    https://phoenixliposuction.com/blog/lumps-after-liposuction-prevention/
    Compression garments play a vital role in the post-liposuction recovery process. They help ensure smooth skin by preventing tunnel spaces from filling with fluid. This action is crucial for avoiding bumpy or lumpy spots that can mar the surgery’s outcome. […] The recommended duration for wearing compression wear varies. However, most experts suggest a period of 4 to 6 weeks post-surgery for optimal results. The key is consistency in wearing them throughout this time. […] Many people believe compression wear is inherently uncomfortable. Yet, advancements in fabric technology have led to more comfortable options that still deliver effective pressure.
  • #1 Lipohypertrophy: Symptoms, Causes, Treatment & Prevention
    https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/22928-lipohypertrophy
    Several strategies can help you prevent lipohypertrophy: […] Change injection sites each time, and pump sites every two to three days. […] Establish a plan that includes a schedule of specific injection or pump sites, then stick to it. […] Have your healthcare provider inspect your injection or pump sites every time you have in-person appointments. […] Inspect your skin before injecting medication or inserting a pump cannula to look for any tissue that looks or feels different. […] Keep track of where you inject medications or place your pump using a chart, calendar or app. […] Space injection sites at least a finger width apart (three finger widths for pumps).
  • #1 Shaving and Bump Prevention – Bump Stopper
    https://bumpstopper.com/shaving-bump-prevention/
    Razor bumps tend to be more of a problem for men than women since many men shave daily. […] Most agree the best way to deal with razor bumps and ingrown hairs is prevention. An effective way to prevent razor bumps is by practicing a shaving regimen that provides the entire process of the pre-shave, actual shave and after shave. […] High Time Products recommend the following Dos and Donts to prevent razor bumps. […] To achieve the best shave possible, while reducing the chance of suffering from razor bumps, High Time Products recommends taking the following steps while shaving: Shave in the direction the hair grows. […] Treat the skin after shaving to prevent razor bumps. Use a razor bump treatment, either a sensitive skin formula or a double-strength formula for individuals with more serious conditions. […] Use a fade cream on dark spots caused by shaving to even skin tone marred by bumps, ingrown hairs and keloid formations. […] Use a razor bump treatment when bumping occurs from hairs that never exit the skin.
  • #1 6 razor bump prevention tips from dermatologists
    https://www.aad.org/public/everyday-care/skin-care-basics/hair/razor-bump-prevention
    Grow your hair. Shaving causes razor bumps. If you have the option, stopping shaving and growing out your hair, instead, will eliminate the cause of your razor bumps. […] Shave when your hair is soft. Shaving at the end of your shower or holding a warm, damp washcloth to the area youd like to shave loosens the hairs and causes them to swell, so theyre less likely to curve into your skin and cause bumps. […] Use the right products. Before shaving, wash your skin with a non-comedogenic cleanser. While shaving, always use a moisturizing shaving cream. Once youre done shaving, apply a soothing aftershave formulated to reduce risk of razor bumps and irritation. […] Use proper technique when shaving to reduce bumps. Shave in the direction your hair grows or youre training it to grow. Then, rinse the shaving cream off with warm water and place a cool, damp washcloth on your just-shaved skin. […] Shave more often. Shaving daily, or at least every 2-3 days, gives hair less time to grow and curve.
  • #1 About Molluscum Contagiosum | Molluscum Contagiosum | CDC
    https://www.cdc.gov/molluscum-contagiosum/about/index.html
    Prevent molluscum contagiosum by washing hands frequently and avoid sharing items like towels and clothes. […] Cover the lesions with clothing or a bandage to avoid spreading the infection further on your body or to others, and to prevent bacterial infection.
  • #1 Preventing Molluscum Contagiosum in Schools, Daycares, and Pools | Molluscum Contagiosum | CDC
    https://www.cdc.gov/molluscum-contagiosum/special-environments/index.html
    Covering lesions will help protect others from getting molluscum. This also keeps the child from touching and scratching the lesions, which could spread the infection to other parts of the body or cause bacterial infections. […] If a person with molluscum is going swimming, they should: Cover all visible lesions with watertight bandages. […] Public pool administrators should carefully consider whether or not to keep kids with molluscum out of public pools. […] Thorough disinfection and drying of kickboards and other pool equipment that might touch lesions should reduce the likelihood of molluscum contagiosum transmission.
  • #1 What is Keratoacanthoma? Causes, Symptoms, Prevention, Treatment
    https://www.webmd.com/melanoma-skin-cancer/keratoacanthoma-skin-tumor
    Once youve had one keratoacanthoma, you may be more likely to get others in the future. Check your skin regularly for any lumps or unusual spots, and see your doctor for a full-body exam twice a year. […] Its also important to protect your skin from sun damage. […] Avoid going outside from 10 a.m. to 4 p.m., when the sun is strongest. […] Use a broad-spectrum sunscreen with zinc oxide as the main ingredient (at least 8%) and a SPF of 15 or higher. […] Wear sun-protective clothing and hats when youre outside. […] Dont use tanning beds.
  • #1 Understanding Pet Lumps: When to Seek Emergency Care in Marquette, MI – Animal Medical Center of Marquette
    https://vetsmarquette.com/understanding-pet-lumps-when-to-seek-emergency-care-in-marquette-mi/
    Regular veterinary visits are vital for early detection and management of skin masses. These check-ups allow for: […] Maintaining a healthy weight and diet for your pet is crucial for prevention. Proper nutrition can help reduce the risk of cancer and other health issues. Regular exercise is also important for maintaining overall health and potentially reducing the likelihood of tumor development. […] While not all lumps can be prevented, maintaining a healthy lifestyle and regular veterinary care can significantly reduce risks.
  • #1 Skin Lumps and Bumps in Your Pet – What Should You Do? | Lawndale Veterinary Hospital
    https://lawndalevets.com/skin-lumps-and-bumps-in-your-pet-what-should-you-do/
    Many pets will develop skin lumps or bumps over time, and thankfully many of these are benign. So if you find a lump on your dog or cat, what should you do? The straightforward answer is this: have it checked by a veterinarian. […] There are some important final considerations about skin lumps: If an animal develops more than one lump, the lumps may not all be the same type. This means it is important to have each lump evaluated individually. If a lump is aspirated and determined to be a benign skin growth, you should continue to monitor the lump for any changes over time. If something changes, the lump should be re-evaluated. Some benign lumps like lipomas can grow quite large in size. If the lump is growing in an area that can interfere with mobility or comfort, the lump may need to be surgically removed. If a lump turns out to be a malignant type of skin cancer, early detection is key. For many malignant skin tumors, early removal can be curative. If removal is delayed, it can be harder to get clean margins, and some cancers will spread (metastasize) to other parts of the body.
  • #1 Dog Cancer Prevention | The National Canine Cancer Foundation
    https://wearethecure.org/dog-cancer-prevention/
    Did you know that 1 in 3 dogs will be diagnosed with cancer? 50% of those dogs will die from cancer. Dog cancer prevention is a key to a long healthy life with your dog. […] Checking your dog once a month for lumps and bumps or any abnormal behavior is key in the prevention of any health issue with your dog. […] Check Your Dog day is key to dog cancer prevention. […] EARLY DETECTION is a KEY FACTOR in FIGHTING CANINE CANCER. With regular monthly checks, you could be a step ahead in the fight against canine cancer if anything abnormal is found. You are your dogs best advocate. […] If a lump on your dog is 1 cm or larger and has been there for one month or if it has changed shape, you should see your vet. […] Cancer prevention for dogs starts with our Check Your Dog Day initiative. It is an integral part of the fight against canine cancer because it leads to early detection of cancer in dogs. […] Dog cancer prevention is a key to your dogs long life. Checking your dog once a month is an important step for the prevention of dog cancer and many other health issues.
  • #1 Soft Tissue Sarcoma Prevention | Stanford Health Care
    https://stanfordhealthcare.org/medical-conditions/cancer/soft-tissue-sarcoma/prevention.html
    Unfortunately, there is no test that can find sarcoma cells when they first begin to grow. […] However, you have a better chance of surviving soft tissue sarcoma if it is found and treated early. […] For this reason, it is important to tell your doctor right away if you notice any lumps or other symptoms on your body. […] If you feel a lump on your body, it is important to have your doctor check it. […] This is especially true if the lump is causing pain or is getting larger. […] Even though most lumps are not sarcomas, you can’t assume so. […] Your doctor may continue to watch the lump or have tests done. […] Don’t be afraid to question your doctor and ask for more tests to make yourself feel better.
  • #2 New Lump Or Bump On Your Body? Tell Your Doctor Quickly | Orlando | UCF Health
    https://ucfhealth.com/health-tips/new-lump-or-bump-on-your-body-tell-your-doctor-quickly/
    Many diseases can be treated and even prevented if you take the right steps at the right time. […] This includes checking your body and seeing your doctor often, especially when something doesnt feel right including the arrival of lumps, pain or other changes in your health that could indicate a disease or illness. […] Doctors recommend that you check your body often to keep track of any changes that could be a sign of a disease or illness. This includes checking for lumps in your thyroid gland, breasts and other areas. […] If you do notice something concerning, dont wait to inform your doctor. The sooner you can make an appointment, the better. Its easier to prevent or treat a disease early than it is to reverse symptoms later on. […] In some cases, the best thing to do is wait and monitor the lump. Benign tumors, or tumors that dont spread or cause harm to the patient, should be watched closely to make sure they dont become malignant, or invasive of surrounding tissue.
  • #2 How To Prevent Lumps in Body? – Health & Wellness Blog | Healthwire
    https://healthwire.pk/healthcare/how-to-prevent-lumps-in-body/
    As there are many causes of skin lumps, so are the available prevention methods. […] Cysts can be prevented by taking care of your skin. Get your hands on the best face wash available out there and dont forget to buy sunscreen too. […] Also if you have pus or other materials filled up in the cysts then dont pop them as it may cause an outbreak of many skin infections at other sites of your skin.
  • #2 What Is a Skin Lump? Symptoms, Causes, Diagnosis, Treatment, and More
    https://www.everydayhealth.com/skin-lumps/guide/
    Many skin lumps, like lipomas, may have a genetic cause, says Hartman. Thats one reason why you wont be able to take steps to actively prevent all skin lumps. To avoid skin lumps or bumps that could be a type of skin cancer, it’s crucial to wear a broad-spectrum sunscreen with at least SPF 15 every day. […] When it comes to cysts, you wont be able to prevent them from forming, but make sure you dont try to pop a cyst yourself, to avoid infection and scarring. […] Skin tags arent always preventable, as they can have genetic causes. But controlling conditions like diabetes and obesity that increase the risk of skin tags will discourage their formation. This is achievable through body weight management and effective blood glucose control.
  • #2 Breast Lumps: Causes, Symptoms, Treatment and Prevention
    https://www.miracleshealth.com/blog/breast-lumps-causes-symptoms-treatment-and-prevention
    Finding breast lumps can be alarming. […] In this blog post, we will explore the signs and causes of breast lumps, how to treat them, and provide insights into effective remedies and preventive measures. […] Understanding the characteristics and underlying reasons for breast lumps is the first step in addressing them. […] Not all breast lumps are the same, and understanding the different types can help differentiate between those that are harmless and those that may require further medical attention. […] Breast lumps can have various causes. Some common causes of breast lumps include: […] Recognizing the signs and breast lump symptoms is important for early detection and management. […] The treatment of breast lumps depends on the causes of the lumps. […] Though not all lumps are preventable, the following habits can lower your risk: […] Curing a breast lump starts with understanding its cause. […] Remember, early detection is key. Stay proactive about your breast health, and don’t hesitate to consult a gynaecologist if you notice any changes.
  • #2 Breast cancer chemoprevention: Drugs that reduce risk
    https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/breast-cancer/in-depth/breast-cancer/art-20045353
    Aromatase inhibitors have been studied and shown to be effective to treat breast cancer and to prevent breast cancer recurrence after menopause. […] Aromatase inhibitors, specifically exemestane and anastrozole, have also been studied to see if they may reduce the risk of breast cancer in people at high risk, such as those with a family history of breast cancer or a history of precancerous breast lesions. […] Based on these results, you and your health care provider may choose to use aromatase inhibitors to reduce the risk of breast cancer, though these drugs aren’t approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration for this use. […] As more results from research studies become available, health care providers will have a better idea of the long-term health implications for these drugs and their effectiveness in breast cancer chemoprevention.
  • #2 Lump in the groin: Causes, diagnosis, treatment, and prevention
    https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/lump-in-groin
    It is not always possible to prevent lumps from developing in or near the groin. However, certain types of lump are more preventable than others. […] For example, people can help prevent cysts and infections by practicing appropriate personal hygiene and using barrier methods during sex.
  • #2 Lumps After Liposuction: Prevention and Smoothing Techniques
    https://phoenixliposuction.com/blog/lumps-after-liposuction-prevention/
    Compression garments play a vital role in the post-liposuction recovery process. They help ensure smooth skin by preventing tunnel spaces from filling with fluid. This action is crucial for avoiding bumpy or lumpy spots that can mar the surgery’s outcome. […] The recommended duration for wearing compression wear varies. However, most experts suggest a period of 4 to 6 weeks post-surgery for optimal results. The key is consistency in wearing them throughout this time. […] Many people believe compression wear is inherently uncomfortable. Yet, advancements in fabric technology have led to more comfortable options that still deliver effective pressure.
  • #2 6 razor bump prevention tips from dermatologists
    https://www.aad.org/public/everyday-care/skin-care-basics/hair/razor-bump-prevention
    Grow your hair. Shaving causes razor bumps. If you have the option, stopping shaving and growing out your hair, instead, will eliminate the cause of your razor bumps. […] Shave when your hair is soft. Shaving at the end of your shower or holding a warm, damp washcloth to the area youd like to shave loosens the hairs and causes them to swell, so theyre less likely to curve into your skin and cause bumps. […] Use the right products. Before shaving, wash your skin with a non-comedogenic cleanser. While shaving, always use a moisturizing shaving cream. Once youre done shaving, apply a soothing aftershave formulated to reduce risk of razor bumps and irritation. […] Use proper technique when shaving to reduce bumps. Shave in the direction your hair grows or youre training it to grow. Then, rinse the shaving cream off with warm water and place a cool, damp washcloth on your just-shaved skin. […] Shave more often. Shaving daily, or at least every 2-3 days, gives hair less time to grow and curve.
  • #2 Preventing Molluscum Contagiosum in Schools, Daycares, and Pools | Molluscum Contagiosum | CDC
    https://www.cdc.gov/molluscum-contagiosum/special-environments/index.html
    Covering lesions will help protect others from getting molluscum. This also keeps the child from touching and scratching the lesions, which could spread the infection to other parts of the body or cause bacterial infections. […] If a person with molluscum is going swimming, they should: Cover all visible lesions with watertight bandages. […] Public pool administrators should carefully consider whether or not to keep kids with molluscum out of public pools. […] Thorough disinfection and drying of kickboards and other pool equipment that might touch lesions should reduce the likelihood of molluscum contagiosum transmission.
  • #2 Skin Lumps and Bumps in Your Pet – What Should You Do? | Lawndale Veterinary Hospital
    https://lawndalevets.com/skin-lumps-and-bumps-in-your-pet-what-should-you-do/
    Many pets will develop skin lumps or bumps over time, and thankfully many of these are benign. So if you find a lump on your dog or cat, what should you do? The straightforward answer is this: have it checked by a veterinarian. […] There are some important final considerations about skin lumps: If an animal develops more than one lump, the lumps may not all be the same type. This means it is important to have each lump evaluated individually. If a lump is aspirated and determined to be a benign skin growth, you should continue to monitor the lump for any changes over time. If something changes, the lump should be re-evaluated. Some benign lumps like lipomas can grow quite large in size. If the lump is growing in an area that can interfere with mobility or comfort, the lump may need to be surgically removed. If a lump turns out to be a malignant type of skin cancer, early detection is key. For many malignant skin tumors, early removal can be curative. If removal is delayed, it can be harder to get clean margins, and some cancers will spread (metastasize) to other parts of the body.
  • #2 Dog Cancer Prevention | The National Canine Cancer Foundation
    https://wearethecure.org/dog-cancer-prevention/
    Did you know that 1 in 3 dogs will be diagnosed with cancer? 50% of those dogs will die from cancer. Dog cancer prevention is a key to a long healthy life with your dog. […] Checking your dog once a month for lumps and bumps or any abnormal behavior is key in the prevention of any health issue with your dog. […] Check Your Dog day is key to dog cancer prevention. […] EARLY DETECTION is a KEY FACTOR in FIGHTING CANINE CANCER. With regular monthly checks, you could be a step ahead in the fight against canine cancer if anything abnormal is found. You are your dogs best advocate. […] If a lump on your dog is 1 cm or larger and has been there for one month or if it has changed shape, you should see your vet. […] Cancer prevention for dogs starts with our Check Your Dog Day initiative. It is an integral part of the fight against canine cancer because it leads to early detection of cancer in dogs. […] Dog cancer prevention is a key to your dogs long life. Checking your dog once a month is an important step for the prevention of dog cancer and many other health issues.
  • #2 Breast Cancer Prevention – NCI
    https://www.cancer.gov/types/breast/patient/breast-prevention-pdq
    Avoiding risk factors and increasing protective factors may help prevent cancer. […] The following are risk factors for breast cancer: Older age, a personal history of breast cancer or benign (noncancer) breast disease, inherited risk of breast cancer, dense breast tissue, reproductive history resulting in greater exposure to estrogen, taking hormone therapy for symptoms of menopause, radiation therapy to the breast or chest, obesity, drinking alcohol. […] The following are protective factors for breast cancer: Reproductive history resulting in less exposure to estrogen, taking selective estrogen receptor modulators or aromatase inhibitors and inactivators, risk-reducing or prophylactic mastectomy, ovarian ablation, getting enough exercise. […] Cancer prevention clinical trials are used to study ways to prevent cancer. […] New ways to prevent breast cancer are being studied in clinical trials.
  • #3 Breast Lumps: A Comprehensive Guide to Symptoms
    https://cvicvascular.com/breast-lumps-a-comprehensive-guide-to-symptoms-and-treatments/
    Performing regular breast self-examinations can help detect changes early. It is recommended to do this monthly, ideally a few days after your menstrual period ends. […] Mammograms and other routine screenings are crucial for early detection of breast abnormalities. Follow your healthcare providers recommendations for screening frequency based on your age and risk factors. […] Maintaining a healthy lifestyle can reduce the risk of developing it. This includes: […] Eating a diet rich in fruits, vegetables, and whole grains. […] Staying physically active to maintain a healthy weight. […] Limiting alcohol intake and avoiding smoking can lower the risk of breast cancer. […] While not all breast lumps can be prevented, maintaining a healthy lifestyle, performing regular self-examinations, and undergoing routine screenings can help detect and manage it early.
  • #3 Tamoxifen For Breast Cancer Chemoprevention: Low Uptake by High-Risk Women After Evaluation of a Breast Lump | Annals of Family Medicine
    https://www.annfammed.org/content/3/3/242
    PURPOSE The Breast Cancer Prevention Trial (BCPT) published results in 1998 showing that the use of tamoxifen in high-risk women reduced the incidence of invasive breast cancer by 49%. […] Family physicians recommended prophylactic tamoxifen to few women and even fewer women chose to take it. The major barrier appears to be concern about potential adverse effects of tamoxifen. […] The overwhelming majority of high-risk women we surveyed (98.9%) opted against taking tamoxifen. Fear of serious adverse effects, the perception of being at low risk, and the lack of physician recommendation were the 3 most frequently cited factors in the decision not to use tamoxifen. […] Only 3 out of 65 family physicians in our study recommended the use of tamoxifen. The family physicians opinion was cited as a key factor in the decision not to use tamoxifen for almost one third of our study participants.
  • #3
    https://www.healthychildren.org/English/health-issues/conditions/skin/Pages/Molluscum-Contagiosum.aspx
    How do you prevent molluscum? […] As with most types of infection, washing hands often is most important. It also helps to avoid sharing towels, clothing and personal items. Individuals affected by molluscum should cover the bumps that aren’t under clothing and that might easily come in contact with others.
  • #3 Can I Lower My Risk of Breast Cancer? | American Cancer Society
    https://www.cancer.org/cancer/types/breast-cancer/risk-and-prevention/can-i-lower-my-risk.html
    There is no sure way to prevent breast cancer. But there are steps you can take that might lower your risk. […] Many risk factors for breast cancer are beyond your control, like being born female and getting older. But other risk factors can be changed. This includes lifestyle changes like being physically active and staying at a healthy weight. Making these changes may lower your chance of getting breast cancer. […] There are several things all women can do to lower the risk of developing breast cancer. […] Both increased body weight and weight gain as an adult are linked with a higher risk of breast cancer after menopause. The American Cancer Society recommends you stay at a healthy weight throughout your life and avoid gaining excess body weight by balancing your food intake with physical activity.
  • #4 Breast lumps: Symptoms, treatment and prevention
    https://www.sheknows.com/health-and-wellness/articles/809799/breast-lumps-symptoms-treatment-and-prevention/
    Many benign breast lumps are due to changes in the body and may form without any other symptoms. If you have a history of benign breast lumps or are concerned that you may develop them, ask your doctor for tips on prevention. […] To date, there are no proven ways to prevent malignant breast lumps, but experts say you can reduce your risk of developing breast cancer: Know your risk factors. Do monthly BSEs. Get regular clinical breast exams (and mammograms if you are age 40 or older). Talk to your doctor about genetic counseling if you have a family history. Maintain a healthy weight. Exercise. Eat a healthful diet. Limit your alcohol consumption. Avoid smoking or secondhand smoke.
  • #4 Can I Lower My Risk of Breast Cancer? | American Cancer Society
    https://www.cancer.org/cancer/types/breast-cancer/risk-and-prevention/can-i-lower-my-risk.html
    Many studies have shown that moderate to vigorous physical activity is linked with lower breast cancer risk, so its important to get regular physical activity. […] Alcohol increases risk of breast cancer. Even drinking small amounts of alcohol has been linked with an increase in risk. It is best not to drink alcohol at all. For women who do drink, they should have no more than 1 alcoholic drink a day. […] Women who choose to breastfeed for at least several months after childbirth may also get an added benefit of reducing their breast cancer risk. […] Using hormone therapy after menopause can increase your risk of breast cancer. To avoid this, talk to your health care provider about non-hormonal options to treat menopausal symptoms. […] If you are at increased risk for breast cancer (for instance, because you have a strong family history of breast cancer, a known inherited gene mutation that increases breast cancer risk, such as in the BRCA1 or BRCA2 gene, or you have had DCIS or LCIS), there are some things you can consider that might help lower your chances of developing breast cancer (or help find it early):